CHAPTERFIFTEEN 151. TheDeistfaithembracedallofthefollowingexcept a.theconceptoforiginalsin. b.therelianceonreasonratherthanrevolution. c.beliefinaSupremeBeing. d.beliefinhumanbeings'capacityformoralbehavior. 152. DeistslikeThomasJeffersonandBenjaminFranklinendorsedtheconcept of a.revelation. b.originalsin. c.thedeityofChrist. d.aSupremeBeingwhocreatedtheuniverse. 153.

By1850,organizedreligioninAmerica a.retainedtherigorofcolonialreligion. b.wasignoredbythreefourthsofthepeople. c.hadlostsomeofitsaustereCalvinistrigor. d.hadgrownmoreconservative. 154. AllthefollowingaretrueoftheSecondGreatAwakeningexceptthatit a.resultedintheconversionofcountlesssouls. b.encouragedavarietyofhumanitarianreforms. c.wasnotaslargeastheFirstGreatAwakening. d.wasareactionagainstthegrowingliberalisminreligion. 155. Unitariansendorsedtheconceptof a.thedeityofChrist. b.originalsin. c.salvationthroughgoodworks. d.predestination. 156. Anearlynineteenthcenturyreligiousrationalistsectdevotedtothe ruleofreasonandfreewillwasthe a.Unitarians. b.Adventists. c.Methodists. d.Mormons. 157. ReligiousrevivalsoftheSecondGreatAwakeningresultedin a.littleincreaseinchurchmembership. b.theregressionofmanyofthe"saved"intotheirformersinfulways. c.surprisinglyfewhumanitarianreforms. d.allofthese. 158. Asarevivalistpreacher,CharlesGrandisonFinneyadvocated a.oppositiontoslavery. b.aperfectChristiankingdomonearth. c.oppositiontoalcohol. d.allofthese. 159. ThegreatestoftherevivalpreachersoftheSecondGreatAwakeningwas a.JosephSmith. b. HoraceGreeley. c.CarlSchurz. d. CharlesG.Finney.

160. TheSecondGreatAwakeningtendedto a.promotereligiousdiversity. b.reducesocialclassdifferences. c.blurregionaldifferences. d.discouragechurchmembership. 161. TheMormonreligionoriginatedin a.Utah. b.England. c.theBurnedOverDistrict. d.Ireland. 162. ThereligioussectsthatgainedmostfromtherevivalismoftheSecond GreatAwakeningwerethe a.RomanCatholicsandEpiscopalians. b.UnitariansandAdventists. c.MethodistsandBaptists. d.CongregationalistsandPresbyterians. 163. TheSecondGreatAwakeningtendedto a.widenthelinesbetweenclassesandregions. b.openEpiscopalandPresbyterianchurchestothepoor. c.unitesouthernBaptistsandsouthernMethodistsagainstslavery. d.bringthemoreprosperousandconservativeeasternchurchesintothe revivalistcamps. 164. TheMormonreligionwasdevelopedby a.Europeans. b.BrighamYoung. c.CharlesG.Finney. d.JosephSmith. 165. Whichoneofthefollowingisleastrelatedtotheotherthree? a.BrighamYoung b.WilliamMiller c.Mormons d.SaltLakeCity 166. OnecharacteristicoftheMormonsthatangeredmanynonMormonswas their a.highlyindividualisticlifestyles. b.unwillingnesstovote. c.refusaltotakeuparmsanddefendthemselves. d.emphasisoncooperativeorgroupeffort. 167. Manyofthesmalldenominationalcollegesfoundedasaresultofthe SecondGreatAwakening a.wereacademicallydistinguishedinstitutions. b.wereeducationallyanemicwithlittleintellectualvitality. c.easilygainedtaxsupportedstatus. d.offeredanew,nontraditionalcurriculum. 168. Taxsupportedpubliceducation a.existedmainlyforthewealthy. b.wasdeemedessentialforsocialstabilityanddemocracy. c.beganintheSouthasearlyas1800. d.providedlittleopportunityforthepoor.

169. Inthefirsthalfofthenineteenthcentury,taxsupportedschoolswere a.chieflyavailabletoeducatethechildrenofthepoor. b.mostinevidenceintheSouth. c.continuouslyopposedbywealthy,conservativewhites. d.openonlytotuitionpayingchildrenofthewelltodo. 170. NoahWebster'sdictionary a.hadlittleimpactuntilthetwentiethcentury. b.helpedtostandardizetheAmericanlanguage. c.wasusedtoeducatenineteenthcenturyslaves. d.cametotheUnitedStatesfromBritaininthe1800s. 171. Allofthefollowingrationaleswereusedtodenywomenaformal educationexceptthat a.learninginjuredthefemininebrain. b.learningunderminedwomen'shealth. c.educationwasunnecessarybecauselyceumsprovidedsufficient learningforgirls. d.educationrenderedayoungwomanunfitformarriage. 172. Oneofthemostprominentgroupsparticipatinginthereformmovements ofpre1860Americawas a.women. b.blacks. c.NativeAmericans. d.noneofthese. 173. Womenbecameinvolvedinthereformcampaignsofthe1800sbecausethese activitiesprovidedallofthefollowingexcept a.theopportunitytoescapetheconfinesofthehome. b.anentranceintothepublicarena. c.ameansoffindingasuitablehusband. d.awaytoimprovetheworldinwhichtheylived. 174. NewEnglandreformerDorotheaDixismostnotableforhereffortson behalfof a.prisonandasylumreform. b.thepeacemovement. c.thetemperancemovement. d.abolitionism. 175. TheexcessiveconsumptionofalcoholbyAmericansinthe1800s a.stemmedfromthehardandmonotonouslifeofmany. b.didnotinvolvewomen. c.heldlittlethreatforthefamilybecauseeveryonedrank. d.hadlittleimpactontheefficiencyoflabor. 176. Sexualdifferenceswerestronglyemphasizedinnineteenthcentury Americabecause a.frontierlifenecessitatedthesedistinctions. b.menwereregardedasmorallysuperiorbeings. c.itwasthedutyofmentoteachtheyounghowtobegood,productive citizens. d.themarketeconomyincreasinglyseparatedmenandwomenintodistinct economicroles.

177. WomenonthefrontierweretreatedbetterthanwerewomeninEurope partlybecause a.theycouldnotvote. b.thelawprohibitedmenfrombeatingthem. c.thereweresofewwomenthere. d.theirideasofequalitywerewellreceivedbyAmericanmen. 178. NealDowsponsoredtheMaineLawof1851,whichcalledfor a.theabolitionofcapitalpunishment. b.abanonwar. c.abanonthemanufactureandsaleofintoxicatingliquor. d.womansuffrage. 179. AccordingtoJohnHumphreyNoyes,thekeytohappinessis a.acceptanceofasinfulmankind. b.thesuppressionofselfishness. c.theabandonmentof"complex"marriages. d.arejectionofBiblecommunism. 180. ThebeliefsadvocatedbyJohnHumphreyNoyesincludedallofthe followingexcept a.noprivateproperty. b.sharingofallmaterialgoods. c.beliefinavengefuldeity. d.abandoningmonogamousmarriages. 181. ThekeytoOneida'sfinancialsuccesswas a.itsmovefromVermonttoNewYork. b.theestablishmentofBiblecommunism. c.themanufactureofsteelanimaltrapsandsilverware. d.itstaxexemptreligiousstatus. 182. TheOneidacolonydeclineddueto a.itssexualpractices. b.adeclineinanimaltrapping. c.theiradoptionofcapitalism. d.allofthese. 183. Bythe1850s,thecrusadeforwomen'srightswaseclipsedby a.thetemperancemovement. b.the"LucyStoners." c.abolitionism. d.prisonreformadvocates. 184. TheAmericanmedicalprofessionby1860wasnotedfor a.itsstillprimitivestandards. b.havingabandonedthepracticeofbleeding. c.itsdiscoveryofgermsasthecauseofillness. d.pioneerworkindentistry. 185. Mostoftheutopiancommunitiesinpre1860sAmericaheld__________as oneoftheirfoundingideals. a.ruggedindividualism b.cooperativeefforts c.capitalism d.oppositiontocommunism

186. Ofthefollowing,themostsuccessfuloftheearlynineteenthcentury communitarianexperimentswasat a.BrookFarm,Massachusetts. b.Oneida,NewYork. c.NewHarmony,Indiana. d.SenecaFalls,NewYork. 187. Whenitcametoscientificachievement,Americainthe1800swas a.aworldleader. b.anationfromwhichothercountriesborrowed. c.mostnotedforitssuccessesinmedicine. d.moreinterestedinpracticalmatters. a.LouisAgassiz1.authorofBirdsofAmerica b.GilbertStuart2.portraitartist c.JohnJ.Audubon3.romanticnovelist 4.Harvardbiologist 188. Matcheachindividualabovewiththecorrectdescription. a.a3,b2,c4 b.a4,b3,c1 c.a2,b1,c3 d.a4,b2,c1 189. America'sartisticachievementsinthefirsthalfofthenineteenth century a.wereremarkablefortheircreativity. b.figuredleastinarchitecture. c.builtontheachievementsofthePuritans. d.tookverylittlefromEurope. 190. TheHudsonRiverschoolexcelledintheartofpainting a.portraits. b.landscapes. c.animallife. d.daguerreotypes. 191. AgenuinelyAmericanliteraturereceivedastrongboostfromthe a.waveofnationalismthatfollowedtheWarof1812. b.writingofCharlesWilsonPeale. c.religiouswritingsoftheSecondGreatAwakening. d.noneofthese. a.WashingtonIrving 1.Walden b.JamesFenimoreCooper2.LeatherstockingTales c.RalphWaldoEmerson3.TheSketchBook,with"RipVan Winkle" 4."TheAmericanScholar" 192. Matcheachwriterabovewithhiswork. a.a1,b2,c3 b.a3,b2,c4 c.a2,b3,c1 d.a3,b1,c4

193. Transcendentalistsbelievedthatallknowledgecamethrough a.thewritingsofJohnLocke. b.thesenses. c.observation. d.aninnerlight. 194. Allofthefollowinginfluencedtranscendentalthoughtexcept a.Germanphilosophers. b.Orientalreligions. c.Catholicbelief. d.individualism. 195. "CivilDisobedience,"anessaythatlaterinfluencedbothMahatmaGandhi andMartinLutherKing,Jr.,waswrittenbythetranscendentalist a.WilliamCullenBryant. b.RalphWaldoEmerson. c.JamesFenimoreCooper. d.HenryDavidThoreau. 196. ThePoetLaureateofDemocracy,whosetranscendentalistwritingsexposed hisloveofthemassesandenthusiasmforanexpandingAmerica,was a.EdgarAllanPoe. b.NathanielHawthorne. c.WaltWhitman. d.HermanMelville. 197. ThemostnoteworthysouthernnovelistbeforetheCivilWarwas a.WilliamGilmoreSimms. b.JohnGreenleafWhittier. c.JamesRussellLowell. d.OliverWendellHolmes. 198. OneAmericanwriterwhodidnotbelieveinhumangoodnessandsocial progresswas a.JamesRussellLowell. b.HenryDavidThoreau. c.HenryWadsworthLongfellow. d.EdgarAllanPoe. a.HenryWadsworth1.TheScarletLetter Longfellow2.MobyDick b.EdgarAllanPoe3."Hiawatha" c.NathanielHawthorne d.HermanMelville 199. Matcheachwriterabovewithhiswork. a.a3,b2,c1 b.a1,b3,d2 c.a3,cl,d2 d.a2,c1,d3 200. Virtuallyallthedistinguishedhistoriansofearlynineteenthcentury Americacamefrom a.theSouth. b.themiddleAtlanticstates. c.NewEngland. d.theWest.