Identity run amok

Wars within and without

Long-standing national enmities re-emerged Former subjects asserting their distinctiveness People choose ethnicity as liberated identities Competing with other ethnics for limited sources Both sides compete for political power

How people think about their ethnicity The point of view towards the leader The way the people think about opposing ethnicity

Causes of Ethnic Conflict

Ethnicity passed biologically Urged by charismatic and demanding leader Ethnicity closely held part of people identities demean and dehumanize the other ethnicity Panic is first aroused by the leader can boost self-esteem, bonds closely to other members Manipulate people s problem as own advantage Panic, fear or dread make people do unpredictable things

From fear to eternity

Follow the leader

Can bring possessions to afterlife

Animist

Beliefs

Customs Wooden house

Spooky wooden effigy (tau-tau) Torajan People

No nails, just slot together Tongkonan ( traditional house)

Bury corpses inside caves All houses face north Roof designed based on buffalo s horn

Have wood carving of water buffalo 'head