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Trong cng cuc xy dng va phat trin cua t nc, nganh in lc Vit Nam la mt nganh co vi tri rt quan trong. Cung cp nng lng va thuc y qua trinh san xut, kinh doanh cua tt ca cac nganh kinh t khac trong nn kinh t quc dn. S phat trin cua nganh in lc cung anh gia s phat trin, tin b cua toan xa hi. Vi nhng c trng ring cua minh la san xut va tiu thu phai i i vi nhau. Do o ap ng tt gia cung va cu thi oi hoi nganh in phai co s phat trin hp ly: Va co kha nng ap ng nhng nhu cu hin tai va phai co s chun bi cho tng lai. Vi vy khng nhng nganh in la ng lc cho cac nganh kinh t khac ma chinh nganh in cung phai hin ai hoa qua trinh san xut sm nht kip thi cung cp cho t nc nhng ngun in nng co cht lng cao. Nha may nhit in Ung B la nha may co cng sut ln do Nga giup xy dng, qua 40 nm san xut, nha may a cung cp cho li in quc gia gn 4 ti KWh in va cung ang trong qua trinh hin ai hoa san xut tng khu, tng khu vc cua dy truyn san xut in. Va cung toan ang, toan dn thc hin muc tiu Dn giau nc manh, xa hi cng bng dn chu vn minh. ap ng c nhng nhu cu o, sau thi gian hoc tp trau di kin thc khoa hoc cua trng. Em tim hiu tai: Sau thi gian 7 thc tp tai nha may nhit in Ung Bi . Em c Thy giao Vu Duy Thun cung vi s giup cua cac Thy C giao khoa Cng Ngh T ng , va s giup cua cac ban ng nghip n nay bao cao thc tp tt nghip cua em a hoan thanh vi y u ni dung yu cu va ung thi han. Tuy nhin do thi gian co han va kha nng kin thc cua ban thn con han ch, vi vy ban bao cao tt nghip cua em khng tranh khoi nhng thiu sot. Em kinh mong c s chi dn, giup cua cac Thy C giao trong khoa Cng Ngh T ng, cac ban hoc va phong ky thut nha may in Ung Bi. Em xin chn thanh cam n s giup nhit tinh cua Thy giao Vu Duy Thun va cac Thy cac C trong khoa Cng Ngh T ng Trng ai hoc in Lc .
NI DUNG BO CO THC TP Chng 1: TNG QUAN V NH MY NHIT IN UNG B 1.1 Tng quan v nh my nhit in Ung B. 1.2 An ton lao ng trong cng ty nhit in Ung B 1.3 Chc nng v nhim v ca nh my. 1.4 C cu t chc v qun l ca nh my. 1.5 iu kin sn xut ca nh my. 1.6 Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut in Chng 2: QUY TRNH CNG NGH CA NH MY N UNG B 2.1 Gii thiu chung v cng ngh sn xut in nng. 2.2 Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut in nng ca nh my nhit in Ung b. 2.3 Cc h thng v thit b chnh ca nh my. 2.4 H thng iu khin v gim st trong nh my nhit in Ung b. 2.5 H thng iu khin Turbine ca nh my. 2.5.1 Thnh phn iu khin. 2.5.2 H thng trao i tn hiu ca cc chi tit ng. Chng 3: KHI QUT CHUNG V L HI TRONG NH MY 3.1 Cu to v c tnh k thut ca l hi. 3.1.1 Cc thng s k thut ca l hi. 3.2 H thng cp nc cho l hi 3.2.1 Chc nng cua h thng 3.2.2 Thit bi va i tng iu khin 3.2.3 Vn hanh cua h thng Chng 4: GII THIU V H THNG IU KHIN DCS CA NH MY NHIT IN UNG B 4.1 Gii thiu phn cng ca DCS nhit in Ung B 4.2 Phn mm iu khin- control software
Thng 7/2010, Cng ty chuyn i m hnh sn xut v qun l thnh Cng ty TNHH MTV Nhit in Ung B trc thuc Tp on in lc Vit Nam Nh my nhit in Ung b cch th H ni khong 130km v hng ng. Nh my in c thnh lp t nhng nm 70 ca th k XX. Tng din tch ca nh my l 320.342m2 trong 111.300m2 l dnh cho nh my nhit in Ung B m rng v cc khu vc thi cng. Nh my kt ni vi li in ti sn phn phi 220/110KV v u vi trm bin p Bc ng trng bch. Ngun nguyn liu chnh cho nh my l than cm 5, than cm 6 c ly t m Vng Danh, du FO c vn chuyn bng thuyn i qua sng Ung cp cho nh my ti trm bm du t ti ung B. D n c thc hin theo hnh thc hp ng EPC. + i din ch u t: Ban qun l d n nhit in 1(EVN) + T vn cho ch u t: Cng ty c phn t vn xy dng in 1. + Tng thu EPC: Cng ty LILAMA Vit Nam. + T vn tng thu: nh thu Electrowwatekono thc hin d n ny v c s h tr ca nh thu EE th nh thu LILAMA tin hnh phn chia d n thnh cc gi thu sau: CC H THNG CA T MY 300MW STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 H thng Tn giNh thu Powermachine Powermachine ABB Gsukoshan FAM Torshima Atlascopco CPC Xut x Nga Nga Singapore Thi lan c Nht bn Vit nam- M Vit nam thu L hi v cc thit b ph M1 Turbine-my pht v ccM2 thit b H thng iu khin gimI1 st tch hp H thng nc khM4, 5, 6
khong, x l nc thi. H thng cp v d thanM7 ng st Trm bm nc tun honM8 v h thng sx clorine Trm kh nn M9 H thng x l nc tro x M10
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
M11 M12
Kawasaki Nht bn Cng ty thng longVit nam Vit nam Stuard energy Thaitory Vin nhit lnh AVERA Sumitomo ABB HTI Canada Thi lan HBKHN-VN Singapore Nht bn Singapore Vit nam
H thng sn xut hidro M13 H thng ng ng v hM3&14 thng du nhin liu H thng cp hi khiM18 ng Sn phn phi 220/110KV E1 My bin p chnh 353 E2 H thng in thuc phnEB01 cn bng nh my H thng TTLL
1.2 Chc nng v nhim v ca nh my. Nh my nhit in Ung B l mt n v thnh vin thuc tp on in lc Vit Nam (EVN). Thc hin ngh quyt i hi ln th III ca ng v xy dng cng nghip nng. Nh my nhit in Ung B c c th tng Phm Vn ng b nht quc u tin khi cng xy dng 19/05/1961, ng vo dp k nim 71 nm sinh nht Bc. Vi tinh thn , ch sau mt thi gian ngn cc t my c a vo vn hnh. 18/01/1964 khnh thnh t 1 v tip khnh thnh t 2. Nh my nhit in Ung b tr thnh nh my in ch lc ca h thng in min Bc XHCN. Nh my nhit in Ung b c giao nhim v qun l khai thc, vn hnh thng mi nh my nhit in 1 & 2 v thc hin cc dch v k thut. Nh my nhit in Ung b m rng 300MW(giai on 1 ) a vo vn hnh v cng trnh nh my nhit in Ung b m rng 300MW(giai on 2) ang c gp rt xy dng. Nh vy Ung b s tr thnh trung tm nhit in vi tng cng sut l 710MW, trong mt ngy gn y, gp phn bo m cung cp in n nh cho vng tam gic kinh t H ni Hi phng Qung ninh. S CHUNG MT BNG CA NH MY IN UNG B M RNG
Gim c
PGD K THUT
K TON TRNG
Phn xng L - My
Phng T chc- L
Phng K hoch
Phng k thut
Phng bo v
Phn xng T ng - K
Hnh 1.2: C cu t chc v qun l ca nh my Khi hnh chnh nghip v, gm: phng gim c, phng t chc hnh chnh, phng ti chnh k ton, phng k hoch, phng vt t, phng k thut, Khi sn xut, gm: phn xng nhin liu, phn xng vn hnh 1 & 2, phn xng l my, phn xng sn xut vt liu v dch v, phn xng c nhit, Chc nng ca cc phng ban Ban gim c. Gim c lnh o chung nh my, chu trch nhim trc Tp on in lc Vit Nam v kt qu hot ng v sn xut kinh doanh.
Ph gim c k thut: gip cho gim c t chc iu hnh sn xut, ch o trc tip n cc phn xng, phng ban lin quan trc tip sn xut in. Phng t chc lao ng C nhim v tham mu cho gim c xy dng phng n t chc , qun l, tuyn chn lao ng, kim tra v thc hin tt nh mc lao ng, cc ch tin lng, tin thng. Phng k hoch C nhim v gip gim c xy dng v qun l k hoch sn xut, trin khai hp ng trong v ngoi nh my. Tham gia lp k hoch nhu cu vt t, qun l cung cp y vt t thit b trong v ngoi nc theo ng yu cu k thut cung cp vt t y v kp thi. Phng ti chnh k ton. Phng ti chnh k ton c nhim v gip gim c v qun l ti chnh, m bo c yu cu hoch ton k ton tp trung theo yu cu ca Tp on. Phng k thut. Xy dng k hoch, phng thc vn hnh cho ph hp vi nhim v v tnh hnh thit b, lao ng m bo kinh t n nh, cht lng, yu cu. chu trch nhim vn hnh sa cha, nghin cu v tm hiu cc bin php an ton thit b. Phng tng hp. Phng tng hp c nhim v gip gim c qun l v gii quyt cc th tc cng vn, giy t hnh chnh, vn th lu tr, nh my, in n ti liu. Qun l ton b hot ng n ung phc v cn b cng nhn vin, cc hot dng v nh , t ai, cng tc tuyn truyn.v.v Phng bo v. C nhim v gip gim c t chc cc phng n kim tra, bo v kinh t, chnh tr trong ton nh my cho sn xut c an ton v phng chng chy n. khi sn xut in: Phn xng vn hnh 1: vn hnh cc l hi v t hp my pht in thuc dy truyn sn xut 1. Phn xng vn hnh 2: c nhim v vn hnh v qun l t hp my pht in thuc dy truyn sn xut 2.
Phn xng in- kim nhit: qun l vn hnh cc thit b in, t ng v o lng trong dy truyn 1 Phn xng nhin liu: c nhim v tip nhn than theo tuyn ng sng, ng st t cc m vo kho d tr v cung cp than ln l. 1.4 iu kin sn xut ( thun li, kh khn) Thun li. - i ng nhn vin tr tui, nhit huyt. - Cng ngh sn xut hin i. - Nh my nm ti khu vc c v tr a l thun li pht trin. - Ngun nguyn liu di do. Kh khn. - Cng tc bo dng sa cha kh khn. - kh thu ht c nhn ti.
- H thng o lng iu khin. - Turbine my pht v cc thit b ph - H thng x l v vn chuyn than. - H thng x l v vn chuyn vi. - H thng x l v vn chuyn tro x. - H thng cp nc v x l nc. - H thng du t. - H thng nc thi. 2.2 Quy trnh cng ngh sn xut in nng ca nh my nhit in Ung b.
1 2 3 4 12 15 16
13 14
Khng kh
17
Ti ng khi
11
10
6 7 8
Kho nhin liu dng d tr v pha trn than trc khi cp ln l. H thng cung cp nhin liu cho l. Thit k h thng bng ti cung cp cho l, hai h thng ny lm vic c lp k c phn cung cp in m bo lun lun cung cp than cho l trong trng hp s c bng ti hoc s c mt in.
H thng nghin than : c thit k kiu l hi t than trc tip ( khng c than bt trung gian). Mi l bao gm 4 my nghin than bng bi, than cp vo my nghin qua my cp than nguyn v n c sp nng bi gi cp 1v sau dc thi thng vo l. L hi ca dy truyn l l hi kiu tun hon t nhin, c kt cu xung quanh l cc gin ng sinh hi, trong l than c t chy sinh nhit trao i vi nc ngng trong cc gin ng sinh hi to ra hi bo ha tch t trong bao hi, sau hi ny c ua qua cc phn ly dng xyclon v c a qua cc gin qu nhit to ra hi qu nhit kh c nhit v p sut yu cu ca Turbine. Turbine c thit k gm 3 cp p lc. Hi t l c a vo Turbine cao p, sau khi gin n sinh cng cao p n li c a qua gin qu nhit trung gian nng nhit ng p, sau c a vo Turbine trung p v sang Turbine h p v bnh ngng. Cng sinh ra trn trc Turbine quay my pht in, my pht in s bin nng lng c thnh nng lng in pht ln li. Bnh ngng : c nhim v ngng hi thot t Turbine h p thnh nc ngng Bm tun hon: dng cung cp nc lm mt t sng cho bnh ngng, nc lm mt u ra bnh ngng mt phn cung cp cho h thng x l nc, cn li ra knh thi ra sng. Bm ngng: Bm ngng dng cung cp nc ngng cho kh kh. H thng gia nhit h p: dng nng nhit nc ngng trc khi vo kh kh. Bnh kh kh: s nhn hi trch t Turbine trung p gia nhit nc ngng ti trng thi gn bo ha tch kh khng ngng. Bm cp: dng cung cp nc cho bao hi. H thng gia nhit cao: dng nng nhit nc cp. B hm: b hm c tc dng nhn nhit trong khi thot sau cc gin qu nhit nng nhit nc cp gn bng nc trong nhit bao hi B sy khng kh kiu quay: b sy khng kh kiu quay dng sy khng kh t cc qut gi trc khi vo l. Qut gi cp 1: dng cung cp gi i sy than v vn chuyn than vo l. Qut gi chnh: cung cp gi cho qut gi cp 1 v cung cp oxi cho l. Qut khi: dng ht khi thot ca l v duy tr chn khng bung la.
Nguyn l hot ng T kho nhin liu (than, du, vi), qua h thng cung cp nhin liu 2 c a v l 3. Nhin liu than t kho nhin liu (1) qua h thng cung cp nhin liu (2), sau c a vo h thng nghin than (3). Ti y than c sy bi gi nng cp 1 t qut gi cp 1(15), qua b sy khng kh(14) v thi trc tip vo l (4). Nc c xr l ha hc, qua b hm 13 a vo bao hi ca l. Trong l xy ra phn ng chy to ra nhit nng. Khi thot ra c nhit cao c qua cc dn qu nhit, qua b hm v b sy khng kh tn dng nhit sau thot ra ngoi ng khi nh qut khi (17). Nc trong bao hi c cp xung cc gin ng sinh hi xung quanh l, trao i nhn nhit ca l bin thnh hi c thng s cao v c dn n Turbine (5). Ti y hi gin n sinh cng quay Turbine_ my pht. My pht in s bin cng sut c nhn trn trc Turbine thnh cng sut in pht ln li. Hi sau khi sinh cng c thng s thp thot v bnh ngng (6). Trong bnh ngng hi nc ng thnh nc nh h thng nc lm mt tun hon ly t sng. Trong bnh ngng(6), nc ngng c qua cc bnh gia b quh (9) sau c a nhit nhit n bnh kh kh (!0) nh bm ngng (8). Nc sau khi c kh kh s c bm trung p cp (11) bm qua cc bnh gia nhit cao(12), qua b hm sau a vo bao hi. Ngi ta dng hi trch t Turbine cung cp cho cc bnh gia nhit cao, gia nhit h v bnh kh kh.
ng khi thot B hm t turbine cao p n Bao hi n turbine
VI T DU V VI T THAN
L hi En-920-17,6-543 kiu AT c cp t than anthracite ca Vit Nam vi hm lng cht chy l 20770 kJ/Kg, hm lng tro 27,7%, m 9,4% cht bc u ra 3,11%. Thng s v vn hnh l hi : Cng sut nh mc u ra, t/h Cc thng s danh nh ca hi: p sut, Mpa 17.6 920
0 Nhit ca nc cp, C
Kch thc bung t l 21,8x12,8x58m, dung tch bung t l 11806 m . Cao ca bao hi l 68 m. ng sut nhit ca dung tch bung t l 60000 kcal/m h. Bung t dng kn kh vi thit b vn chuyn tro kh pha di . phn trn ca bung t (t bn ngoi), cc ng gp hi qu nhit v cc ng lin thng c bao che bng cc hp nhit. Khng kh i vo cc hp ny b ht qua cc l trong cc hp nhit do p sut m ca khng kh to ra t hp nhit i vo gia cc ng gi u vo ca lc bi. y ca bung t, vch l trc v vch l sau to thnh mt phu nghing. khoang t c bao quanh bng cc tm vch l kn kh, c s b tr ca cc ng v c 16 vi t c b tr vch truc v vch sau to thnh 2 lp cao 18,7 m v 22,47 m. trn nh ca mi vi t bn trn cao 25,87m c b tr cc vi x, to thnh mt gc 450 nghing so vi ng nm ngang. C b tr cc ca nh v cc l thm. Cc vi t c cu hnh xon vi hai khoang ng kh th cp. Khoang gia c cp chun b cho vic t du nhin liu vi cc trc xoy v cc cnh qut thng. Hn hp khng kh c cun vo u vo ca vi t bng cc ng xon. Cc ng c lp t khoang kh trung tm. lp t vi du nhin liu, cm ng iu khin ngn la ca du nhin liu, thit b nh la v vi t. ng lp cm ng iu khin ngn la t than mn ca vi t than uc gn trong khu vc ming vi t than. Vi t bao gm thit b gim st ngn la t than v thit b phun m c kh s 6 ca vi t c cp nh la phn nhin liu chnh.
3
Bung t c hnh lng tr vi cc cnh c kiu dng kh ng hc theo hng i ln phn vch l sau. C mt khu vc gm cc ng to thnh vch l bao quanh chu vi ca bung t t cao 10,470 m (Phn trn ca phu tro) ln n cao y ca phn ti nhit nng. Trong khu vc ny c rt nhiu cc ng cao t cc vi t gia mc 10,670 m v 24,670 m bung t c lt gch chu la xung quanh. B qu nhit bc x cao p c b tr gia cao 31,720 v 42,760 m dc theo vch l sau ca bung t cng nh phn bn phi v tri ca vch l, phn m tip gip vi vch l sau ca bung t. B qu nhit bc x c treo trn vch l ca bung t bng cc thanh treo c bit v cc kp. B qu nhit bc x h p uc b tr gia cao 38,200 m v 60,940m dc theo vch trc ca bung t cng nh phn bn phi v tri ca vch l ni tip gip vi vch trc ca bung t. C 16 b t vch trc v 5 b t vch cnh ca bung t. Loi thp s dng l thp hp kim 42x 4 . Dc theo vch trc v bn cnh c s phn b ca cc ng n cc thit b thi bi. B qu nhit mnh c b tr u ra ca bung t v bao gm 32 hng thng ng vi khong cch cch nhau 642mm. Cch ng thp c gia cng ch to bng ng thp Dn 42x7 mm. Phn y bung t c lm sch bng cch phun nc ra ln n cao 35,7m. H thng phun nc ra gm 8 thit b lm sch bng nc chuyn dng. Cc b mt gia nhit ca bung t c t cao 44 m phn ng gi v phn pha sau c lm sch bng cc thit b thi bi co rt c hnh trnh ngn. Cc mng v cc b mt gia nhit i lu phn ng gi c lm sch bng cc thit b thi bi co rt c hnh trnh di vi mc co rt 10,6m. B hm nc c lm sch bng cc thit b thi bi vi chiu su co rt 2,5 m. cc ch ngot ca ng gi dc theo cc bc vch l c b qu nhit trn. Dc theo ng khi ch ngot ca ng gi c cc thit b c lp nh sau: B qu nhit i lu cao p II, kiu chuyn ng trc lu. B qu nhit i lu cao p III, kiu chuyn ng trc lu. B qu nhit i lu h p II, kiu chuyn ng dng ngc. B qu nhit i lu h p I, kiu chuyn ng dng ngc.
Dng kh pha sau c chia ra lm hai dng khc nhau v i qua u ra ca b sy khng kh kiu ng, b hm nc v tng th nht ca b sy khng kh kiu ng. Ti u ra ca b sy khng kh cc dng kh c kt hp vo ng khi ngang. Hai lung khi t ng gi ngang ny s cp kh cho lc bi tnh in. Cc van l c lp t trn cc ng gi u ra v u vo ca lc bi. Sau , gi c kt hp vo trong ng gi ngang v t y khi s c x theo cc ng ng gi v qut ID. Ti u vo ca qut ID mi ng gi c chia lm hai, cc van v cc np bt s c lp t cc ng gi ny. Cnh dn hng s c lp trc tip vo qut ID. Cng sut ca qut ID c iu khin bng cc khp ni thy lc cc trc gia motor, hp s v cnh dn hng. Cc np bt sa cha v cc van c b tr theo dy trn cc ng gi u ra ca qut ID. Sau cc lung khi c cp thng qua h thng FGD ra ng khi . 3.2. Chu trnh gi
Hnh 3.2 Chu trnh gi Gi lnh c hai qut FD ht t khng kh thng qua ng ht gi. Cc cnh dn hng c lp trc tip phn ht gi, cc van c lp t u thi ca qut.
Lung gi sau qut c kt hp li ng gi ngang vi hai lung song song t mt qut khc na. C s trch kh t ng gi ngang thng qua cc van n cc thit b chuyn hng (4 ng), vic trch gi cho my nghin cng c chia lm 4 ng vo 4 my nghin tung ng. T ng gi ngang ng gi chnh s c cp vo b sy khng kh v mi nhnh i qua mt tng ring bit ca b sy khng kh. u ra ca b sy khng kh lung gi nng s c chia v pha l hi. Phn gi nh hn s c cp qua van v thit b o n cc vi dn gi. Ti u vo ca l hi gi s c chia v cp vo hai ng gp. Mt phn ln gi c cp vo cc vi t thng qua thit b o, lung gi ny c chia lm hai ng. ng gi th nht s c nhim v cp kh th cp vo hai vi t bn di v cc phn trn nh ca vch trc l hi, ng gi th hai cp kh cho cc vi t phn sau ca l hi. Trong cng cc ng gi s c cc phn chn, hai ng chn cho qut gi s cp v mt cho ng gi nng n cc my nghin. Mi qut gi s c nhim v cp gi cho 4 vi t, mt hng ca phn trc l hoc sau l. 3.3.Chu trnh nhin liu
Hnh 3.3 Chu trnh nhin liu L hi bao gm 4 h thng nghin than (khp kn, n) vi hai bunker cha than mn. Than c sy v nghin than trong my nghin kiu 370/ 850, my nghin
than cha khong 82,9 tn bi thp. Hai h thng nghin cp than cho 1 bunker than mn, vn hnh n nh cc my cp than mn th mc than mn trong bunker t nht phi l 4 m. mi u ra ca bunker c b tr 8 my cp than. mn ca than theo thit k l R905%. Nng sut ca my cp than mn c iu khin bng cch thay i din tch ca c van iu khin cc mc t 1,8 n 8,5 (t/h), tng ng vi vic m van t 20 n 100%. Phng tin vn chuyn than mn c m c cao l s dng khng kh ngoi tri, khng kh ny c ht qua ng ht kh ca tuabin nn kh ca l hi. H thng cp gi vn chuyn than vo h thng cp than mn c m c cao gm hai tuabin nn kh kiu TB-80-1,8 mt chic vn hnh v mt chic d
3 3 phng. Cng sut ca tuabin nn kh l 8x10 m /h, p sut l 7500 kpa, tiu th in
nng 150 kW, tc vng quay n 3000 vng/pht. Cc ng gi t tuabin nn kh c kt hp vo mt ng gi loi 325x8 vi cc thit b o lu lng, p sut v nhit ca gi. Khng kh c phun t ng gi ny vo mt h thng bao gm 6 ng gp c b tr bn di hai bunker than mn. T mt trong cc ng gp kh c cp vo cc my cp than mn qua cc van tng ng v cc thit b o lu lng n mi my cp than mn. T hai ng gp cn li khng kh c cp vo b phn trn gi vn chuyn than mn c m c cao thng qua cc van v thit b o lu lng ln n thit b trn tip theo u ra ca vi t vi lung gi nng s cp. phn trn cui cng than mn c m c cao s c trn thm vi dng kh s b sau c lm nng ln v thng qua ng cp than mn n s dn dn c nng hn, sau c cp vo phn xon ca vi t vi
0 nhit lc ny khong 300 C .
Trm bm du nhin liu l kiu trm bm truyn thng vi cc bm kiu trc ti th nht v th hai cng vi cc b gia nhit v c cc b lc du nhin liu gia chng. Du nhin liu c cp vo l hi t ng gp p sut chung ca cc bm kiu trc ti th nht thng qua ng c ng knh Dn = 100mm, y phi c thit b o lu lng du v chng phi c cc van cng vn hnh bng tay cch ly khi tin hnh sa cha.
Cc van l vn hnh bng motor, cc np bt, cc thit b o lu lng du vo l hi, cc van cch ly ng du nhin liu v cc van iu khin lu lng du vo l hi s c lp t dc theo ng ng du nhin liu gn l hi. ng hi du nhin liu t cc vi t ca l hi s c thc hin qua ng ng c ng knh Dn = 50 mm, chng c lp t cc van v cc thit b o lu lng du. ng hi du nhin liu s c a trc tip vo cc bn du nhin liu v vo cc bm ht th hai. Ngun hi c cp n cc b gia nhit, du nhin liu s c ly t ng gp
0 2 hi t dng ca t my vi cc thng s hi l p = 14 kgf/cm v t = 250 C
Hnh 3.4 H thng cp nc Chc nng cua h thng Cp nc vao bao hi ng thi cp nc vao h thng giam n iu chinh nhit cua hi.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
848,2 t/h
0 538 C
171kgf/cm
41 kgf/cm
0 329,7 C
0,065kgf/cm
Hi chnh t l hi vi cc thng s c xc nh s c cp vo hai khi van cao p. Mi khi bao gm 1 van chn v hai van iu khin. T cc khi van, hi s c phn phi n phn trn v phn di ca xi lanh cao p thng qua 4 ng lin thng cao p. Vic phn phi hi tuabin s do cc vi phun thc hin, cc thnh phn ca vi phun c b tr cc hp cha vi phun nm trong phn thn bn trong ca xilanh cao p. Xilanh cao p gm hai phn, phn thn ngoi v phn thn trong. Lu lng hi xilanh cao p l kiu dng ngc. ng hi ca xilanh cao p c tng iu khin ch ng v 17 tng phn hi. T tng iu khin v 9 tng p sut c b tr phn thn trong v to thnh dng hi bn tri ca xilanh cao p, 8 tng hi bn phi c b tr phn thn ngoi ca xilanh cao p. Xilanh cao p khng c trch hi ti tun hon.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Hnh 4.1 H thng iu khin TURBINE Hi u ra ca xilanh cao p c cp n phn ti nhit ca l hi. Sau ti nhit, hi c cp vo hai khi van trung p, mi khi van gm mt van chn v mt van iu khin. Hi xilanh trung p c phn phi thng qua van tit lu. Cc van iu khin xilanh trung p ch vn hnh bnh thng ca tuabin s c m hon ton v khng tham gia vo vic iu chnh mc in nng. Xilanh trung p l kiu xilanh trc lu, ng hi ca n c 15 tng ch ng. Xilanh trung p cng c 3 ng trch hi gia nhit nc ngng v nc cp l hi. Ti u ra ca xilanh trung p, hi qua hai ng lin thng cp n phn gia ca xilanh h p. Xilanh h p c ch to theo kiu xilanh hai dng, mi ng ng bao gm hai tng. Xilanh h p c hai ng trch hi gia nhit nc ngng, ti u ra ca xilanh h p hi c cp vo bnh ngng. Tt c cc rotor ca tuabin c lm bng thp rn t loi thp hp kim chu nhit, cc rotor cao v trung p c l khoan gia cn rotor h p c ch to m khng c l khoan gia. Tt c cc khp ni ca tuabin c lm theo kiu khp ni cng, na khp ni c rn cng vi trc.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Cc giong cui ca Tuabin v cc giong gia ca xilanh cao p, xilanh trung v h p c lm theo kiu giong hi labirinth. Ti xilanh cao v trung p c s dng loi giong labirinth thoi. Mi rotor ca tuabin c trn hai , cc phn chn ca trc c gia cng ch to nh l cc ming chn ( c 6 ming chn). Cc thn ca Tuabin c t trn v gn c nh vo cc khung mng. Phn x ca xilanh h p cng c t trn cc khung mng. Trn thn ca tt c cc Tuabin c cc im neo ring. Cc phn dn n do nhit c thc hin theo cch l gia nhit phn thn ca xilanh cao p y theo hng ca trc v cc phn ca xilanh trung v h p. Phn thn ca c neo vo cc im neo ca rotor. Tuabin cn c cp km vi hp s, n c lp v hp s s 4 v h thng thy lc nng rtor. Hp s ny c cp quay trc bng tay v vn hnh h thng thy lc nng rotor. Ti tuabin cn c cp cc bch xilanh cao p v trung p. Hi gia nhit c cp t ng ng ti nhit nng.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Hnh 4.2 H thng bnh ngng Theo s ca h thng Tuabin c mt bnh ngng kiu 300K -18200 - 4. Bnh ngng l kiu hai dng lp n pha trc v l loi ph hp vi vic vn hnh bng nc bin. Din tch b mt lm mt ca bnh ngng l 17900m 2 v c to thnh bi cc ng titanium vi chiu di l 14000m v ng knh ngoi l 19,05mm. Bnh ngng l thit b chn khng, p sut thit k bn trong lp v kh s c duy tr da vo dng hi cp n bnh ngng, nhit v lu lng nc lm mt i qua cc ng cng nh cc iu kin vn hnh v cc thit b ca h thng tuabin: H thng lm sch ng bnh ngng, h thng chn khng kn kh v cc thit b x kh bnh ngng.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
V bnh ngng c gia cng ch to v hn t cc tm thp cacbon, pha tip xc vi nc ca cc gin ng c ph mt lp titanium. Cc ng bnh ngng c kt hp thnh cc dn ng ln bng cch hn cc u ng vo cc bng titanium. Nhnh ni ca bnh ngng c hn vo cc u vi x ca xilanh h p ca tuabin. gii quyt vic dn n do nhit v bnh ngng c lp t trn cc gi cn bng, chng c thit k t cn bng ti trng ca bnh ngng khi khng c nc. Nc a vo bnh ngng trong qu trnh vn hnh Tuabin s c thng qua cc phn x ca xilanh h p v ti trng ca lng nc ny c chuyn n khung mng ca xilanh h p. Nc lm mt s i qua bnh ngng bng hai ng. mi ng trc tin n s cp nc vo khoang nc c p ca bnh ngng, i qua cc ng vo khoang x nc ca bnh ngng v t s c a vo ng x. Vic ny cng to iu kin cho php dng v lm v sinh bt c dn ng no trong khi ang vn hnh Tuabin. Ti phn bn trn ca bnh ngng c b tr cc thit b nhn hi nhn hi t ng r nhnh h p. Hi ny s c lm mt bng vic phun nc ngng vo cc thit b nhn hi thng qua cc bm nc ngng v cc tuyn ng. Bnh ngng cng l mt b phn nhn hi v nc to s vn hnh bnh thng cho h thng Tuabin thi im khi ng t my, ngng t my v vn hnh t my. 4.3 Cc bnh gia nhit h p phc v cho vic gia nhit ti tun hon cho nc ngng chnh ca Tuabin th trong s ca h thng c ba bnh gia nhit h p. Tt c cc bnh gia nhit h p u c kiu nm ngang.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Hnh 4.3 Gia nhit h p Cc c tnh vn hnh ca bnh gia nhit : Bnh gia nhit h p s 1 : Kiu
H 400 03 2,5 1
2 2
p sut thit k nc ngng 25 kgf/cm p sut thit k hi 3,0 kgf/cm Bnh gia nhit h p s 2 : Kiu
500 06 2,5 1 H
2 2
p sut thit k nc ngng 25kgf/cm p sut thit k hi 6,0 kgf/cm Bnh gia nhit h p s 3 : Kiu
H 600 06 2,5 1
2 2
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Cc thnh phn c bn ca bnh gia nhit l v bnh v h thng ng. V bnh c ch to t thp Cacbon v h thng ng c lm bng thp khng r. B mt trao i nhit ca bnh gia nhit trng ging nh cc b ng n c to bi cc ng hnh ch U ng knh Dn = 16mm vi chiu dy ca thnh ng l 0,8 mm. Cc ng c gn vo cc tm thp v nghing v pha vch ngn trung gian. Vic s dng cc ng hnh ch U to iu kin m rng tng i din tch trao i nhit. Bnh gia nhit h p s 2 v s 3 c cc bnh ngng hi gia nhit t xa kiu nm
3 ngang. Th tch ca bnh nc ngng ca bnh gia nhit s 3 khong 1 m v bnh gia 3 nhit h p s 2 l 5,5 m .
Hi gia nhit cho bnh gia nhit h p c trch t hi ca Tuabin. Hi c p sut tuyt i 0,26 kgf/ cm v m l 5% s c cp vo bnh gia nhit s 1. Hi
2 0 c cp vo bnh gia nhit s 2 c p sut 1 kgf/ cm v nhit 100 C v hi c 2 0 cp vo bnh gia nhit s 3 c p sut 4,3 kgf/ cm v nhit 243 C . 2
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Hai bnh gia nhit cao p s c lp t theo s ti tun hon cao p (bnh gia nhit cao p s 5 v s 6). Bnh gia nhit s 5 c b kh qu nhit t xa. Bnh gia nhit cao p l kiu B-2-100-24-2,0 T3 v b kh qu nhit hi kiu O-2200-24-2,0 T3 l cc thit b kiu khoang nm ngang c gia cng bng phng php hn. Mi thit b c mt khoang nc v cc v b tr ngang c ni vo khoang ny. Nc cp cp vo phn di ca bnh gia nhit v hi gia nhit c cp vo phn trn ca bnh gia nhit. Cc b phn c bn ca cc bnh gia nhit l v v h thng ng. B mt trao i nhit l cc on ng hnh ch U c gia cng ch to t cc ng c ng knh Dn = 16mm v chiu dy thnh ng l 1,4 2mm. Vt liu ch to ng l thp khng g, thp Austenit. Tt c cc b kh qu nhit ca bnh gia nhit cao p s 5 v s 6 u c thit k c th ngng hot ng v c cc thit b bo v kch hot nhanh, mc ch l ngng h thng v r nhnh ng nc cp trong trng hp mc nc ngng tng ln mt cch khn cp mt trong cc bnh gia nhit cao p. Hi gia nhit ca bnh gia nhit cao p c ly t ng hi trch ca Tuabin. Hi vo bnh gia nhit cao p s 6 c cp t cc ng ti nhit lnh vi cc thng s nh sau : p sut tuyt i Nhit cc thng s nh sau : p sut tuyt i Nhit 17,8 kgf/cm
0 426,5 C 2 2
40,8kgf/cm
0 328,2 C
Kh ngng t v khng ngng t ca phn hi gia nhit trong bnh gia nhit h p c x t thn v bnh s c thc hin theo s cng ngh c chp nhn. bo v bnh gia nhit cao p s 5 khng b tng p n mc qu cao s c cc van an ton c lp m bo an ton.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Cc h thng vo/ra c th c ni vi AC 800M Controller, trc tip vi (S800I/O) hoc qua PROFIBUS DP hoc bus trng FOUNDATION Fieldbus. AC 800M Controller th c cp pht khng c Control Software. to ra Controller v Control Software th trc ht cn thit phi ti phn sn (Filmware) v to ra nhng ng dng c bit lm cng c thit k Control Builder M. AC 800M Controller l s t hp nhiu phn t (unit) c gn trn cc thanh ray nm ngang (DIN-rail). B iu khin AC 800M c thit k to ra nhng ng dng mang li hiu qu cao, bo dng thun li cho nhng gii php ng dng t cc b iu khin kh trnh (PLC) c nh n nhng ng dng iu khin phn tn DCS (Distributed Control System), t hp cc iu khin phn tn DCS v nhng ng dng iu khin cc h thng c tnh ton vn cao (High Integrity
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Hnh 5.2 Cu to bn ngoi ca mt n v b x l (PM861) H thng DCS c phn thnh 4 cp: - Cp qun l, gim st - Cp giao din vn hnh - Cp iu khin - Cp chp hnh Cp qun l gim st: Gim st ton b qu trnh hot ng ca nh my, gm: - SUPERVISORS PC : Gim st chung. - HISTORIAN : L cc my tnh c dung lng ln dng lu tr cc thng tin vn hnh ca nh my, s dng phn mm qun l d liu PI (Plant Information). Cc HISTORIAN ly thng tin t cc FCS thng qua cc OPC SERVER, t b ghi tun t SOE. - OPC SERVER l cc my tnh qun l truyn d liu qua cc giao thc mng khc nhau, t FCS qua VNET n OPC SERVER ri qua mng ETHERNET v a n HISTORIAN. mi phn c 2 my OPC SERVER , mt cho thu nhp tn hiu tng t , mt cho tn hiu s.
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
- EWS (Engineering WorkStation): Trm thc hin cc cng vic k thut nh : + Phn quyn cho cc trm giao din. + Lp v sa i chng trnh cho cc trm iu khin khu vc. + Backup/Restore Cp giao din vn hnh (HIS): - Gm 10 trm giao din HIS kiu mn hnh kp cho khi 1 v khi 2 mi khi 5 trm - Phn chung c 2 trm giao din. Giao din HIS thc cht l cc my tnh vi bn phm c thit k ring cho vic iu khin nh my. Cc my tnh ny chy trn h iu hnh WindowsNT trn c ci t phn mm iu khin CENTUM CS3000. Trn mn hnh vn hnh s cung cp tt c cc s cng ngh, thng s vn hnh, ca s iu khin, cc im t, th, bo ng... Cp iu khin: Thc hin iu khin cc qu trnh ca nh my, mi khi c 12 trm iu khin LFCS v 2 trm PFCS. Phn chung c 3 trm iu khin kiu LFCS v 6 trm PFCS. Vic x l tnh ton ca h thng DCS c thc hin thng qua cc FCS. Trn FCS c cc khi vi x l, khi thng tin lin lc, khi ngun v cc khi vo/ra. Tn hiu lin lc gia b vi x l v cc khi vo/ra c thc hin thng qua ng truyn d liu RIO BUS c tc truyn tin l 1Mb/s. Cp chp hnh: Bao gm ton b cc thit b ca hai khi v cc h thng iu khin khc nh: - H thng iu khin Mark V. - Cc trm iu khin PLC - Cc trm iu khin ti ch - Cc c cu chp hnh khc. H thng DCS gm c 2 mng : - Mng Ethernet - Mng Vnet Mng Ethernet :
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
H thng mng Ethernet dng kt ni thng tin gia cc thit b ca cp gim st v cp giao din vn hnh s dng giao thc truyn tin TCP/IP. Cc h thng iu khin PLC cng c ni vi h thng DCS thng qua mng Ether net s dng cp ng trc hoc cp quang. Mng Vnet : Mng Vnet s dng kt ni gia cc trm iu khin FCS vi nhau v gia cc FCS vi cc giao din HIS. Mng ny s dng giao thc truyn tin Token passing vi thi gian truyn tin l 100m/s v tc truyn tin l 10Mb/s. Cc phn t ca h thng : - SOE (Sequence of Event): L h thng thu thp s liu trnh t ca cc s kin, sau c gi v h thng PI c 1 ms qut mt ln. Mi khi c 1 b ghi tun t. - YNT511D-V l cc b khuych i tn hiu dng cp quang, c s dng truyn thng tin i xa. Vic s dng b lp ny c th truyn thng tin qua cp quang vi khong cch ln. Vi b YNT511D-V th khong cch ln nht c th truyn l 4Km. - Dual RS422/485 Modbus l h thng lin lc ni tip d phng kp thng qua cng RS422/485 gia h thng DCS vi cc h thng iu khin ph tr khc nh Mark V, PLC. - HUB hoc System HUB ghp ni mng Ethernet theo kiu hnh sao. H thng iu khin DCS c trang b vi tin cy cao bi h thng d phng kp cho tt c cc b phn x l, thng tin lin lc, ngun cung cp. - Master Clock l ng h thi gian chun ly tn hiu t v tinh t thi gian chun cho h thng iu khin. Ti phng iu khin trung tm ngi vn hnh c th la chn ch iu khin AUT hoc MAN. Vi bt k ch iu khin no th mi thng s v tnh trng hin thi ca thit b u c th truy cp t c 2 ni: Giao din vn hnh HIS ti phng iu khin trung tm v giao din vn hnh ti ch. 5.2 Phn mm iu khin- control software Phn mm s dng trong AC 800M Controller c tn l Control Software. Tn ny khng c dng thay th cho mt b phn mm ng dng c bit l mt tn chung cho phm vi ca nhng chc nng c dng trong b iu khin. Cc chc nng ny th c cung cp bi:
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
- chc nng phn cng (s gim st, cc Bus truyn thng, I/O Bus). - Nhng chc nng phn sn (Firmware Function) c ti vo Controller (h thng chp hnh thi gian thc, ng h thi gian thc, truyn thng d phng). - Cc chng trnh ng dng c ti vo trong b iu khin (th vin chc nng, nghi thc giao tip truyn thng). to ra mt ng dng, th n cn thit phi s cng c Control Builder M. Cng c ny c nhiu chc nng hu ch thm vo trong cu hnh h thng. a ch Ethernet: Mi TP830 Baseplate c cung cp vi cng mt a ch Ethernet duy nht m cung cp mi CPU mt s nhn bit phn cng. Theo chc nng ny cn mu ca hai a ch nhn dng thng trc trong b nh khng bay hi (Nonvolatile Memory) ca TP830 BasePlate. a ch thp nht (mt m Hex c tnh 12) th c nh v trn mt nhn dnh c gn trn TP830 Baseplate. a ch cn li l thp nht +1.
Administration Building
** Layout Design for MMI and Boiler / Turbine Hardwired Panels will be provided as per attached Drawing No: UBEX-BD-CI-0001 rev 1.
Admin LAN Personal Computer Supervision PC
Uni t
Station Common
** Layout Design for MMI and Station / Common Hardwired Panel will be provided as per attached Drawing No: UBEX-BD-CI-0001 rev 1.
Operator Workstation **
Redundant Ethernet
RTDS Color Redundant Unit Long Term LaserJe Server Data Storage t Printer
Engineering Workstation
- Composer
Redundant Ethernet
Redundant Ethernet
Unit C-Net
C-Net to C-Net Local Interface
Station C-Net
Remote I/O Link, 1000 mtrs
Redundant Fibre Optics Ethernet Cable (For Ethernet Laid Outside Building)
HCU #1~#4
HCU #5~#8
HCU #9~#12
MFT Cabinet
HCU #13~#17
HCU #18~#22
HCU #23~#24
HCU #25
HCU #1~#6
HCU #7
HCU #8
Remote I/O
HCU #9
HCU #10
HCU #11
5 x System Cab 8 x Term Cab 4 x Marsh Cab 1 x MFT Cab BOILER BMS
1 x System Cab 1 x Termination Cab 2 x System Cab 2 x Termination Cab 1 x Marshalling Cab TURBINE CONTROL 5 x System Cab 8 x Termination Cab 4 x Marshalling Cab 2 x System Cab 2 x Term Cab 1 x Marsh Cab 1 x System Cab 1 x Termination Cab 1 x Marshalling Cab CW PUMPING STATION PROCESS PACKAGE INTERFACE
1xRemote Cab
1 x System Cab 1 x Term. Cab 1 x Marsh. Cab FIRE PROTECTION PUMPING SYSTEM
Operator Workstation
(Console Type)
Operator Workstation
(Console Type)
Operator Workstation
(Console Type)
Operator Workstation
(Console Type)
HCU #28
HCU #29
HCU #30
HYDROGEN PLANT
Operator Workstation
(Console Type)
Operator Workstation
(Console Type)
Operator Workstation
(Console Type)
Hnh 5.3 H thng DCS Nh my c trang b mt h thng iu khin v gim st tch hp (ICMS) thc hin cc chc nng :iu khin v gim st qu trnh vnh hnh ca l hi tua bin v
Redundant Fibre Optics Ethernet Cable (For Ethernet Laid Outside Building)
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
cc thit b ph ,iu khin phi hp l hi tua bin ,bo v l hi tua bin my pht iu khin v gim st cc h thng ph tr thuc phn cn bng nh my Cu trc ca h thng iu khin v gim st tch hp bao gm cc trm iu khin c b tr phn tn da trn c s cc b iu khin loi vi x l do hng ABB cp v cc h thng iu khin c lp v s dng b iu khin logic kh trnh H thng iu khin gim st (ICMS-intergrated control monitoring system) h thng ny bao gm + h thng iu khin gim st khi t my c gi l (UCMS- unit control monitoring system) + h thng iu khin gim st phn chung ca nh my c gi l (SCMSstation control monitor system) Cc h thng hot ng c lp vi khi t my c iu khin v gim st c lp hon ton t cc t iu khin c lp s dng b iu khin logic kh trnh PLC c th nh sau h thng x l nc v kh khong v x l nc thi ,h thngs cp than ,h thng x l tro x ,h thng x l hidro trm kh nn ,h thng thi bi l . Ton b vic iu khin v gim st qu trnh vn hnh nh my c thc hin t phng iu khin chnh t ti nh iu khin trung tm .Trong phng iu khin chnh ny c b tr cc thit b chnh sau : + 5 trm lm vic vn hnh vi mn hnh i iu khin v gim st cc h thng thit b thuc khi t my + 2 trm lm vic vn hnh vi mn hnh i iu khin v gim st qu trnh vn hnh cc h thng thuc phn chung ca nh my dng thit b chnh khi h thng iu khin h thng + h thng truyn hnh mch kn theo di ngn la bung t v qu trnh vn hnh cc h thng Cc bng iu khin ph :ngoi ra ti mt s nh my c b tr mt trm lm vic vn hnh vi mn hnh n t ti phng iu khin ti ch vic iu khin v gim st qu trnh vn hnh ca h thng cng ngh ny c thc hin t mn hnh MMI ca cc trm vn hnh ,chi tit c th nh sau : stt 1 Tn h thng S lng trm lm vic H thng x l nc ,kh 4 trm (2 mn hnh n )
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
2 3 4 5 6
khong ,x l nc thi H thng cp than 3 trm (3 mn hnh n ) H thng d than ng st 2 trm (2 mn hnh n) H thng kh lu hunh v 2 trm (2 mn hnh n) kh bi tnh in H thng x l tro x H thng sn xut hidro 2 trm (hai mn hnh n) 2 trm (hai mn hnh n)
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha
Bo Co Thc Tp Sn Xut
B Mn T ng Ha