Articles of

3
Netw ork

CCNA Routing iv (Routing Information protocol)

Routing protocol

. routing protocol, Router

network

Routers

.

Distance vector Routing protocol
routing
protocol
.

routing protocol RIP

(Routing Information Protocol).
RIP Distance vector Routing protocol

.

. RIP

version
.
RIPv1 RIPv2.

RIPv2
. IPv4
IPv6

.
RIP

, RIPv1 RIPv2


.
RIP
Distance vector Routing protocol

. .

RIP Administrative distance
120. (Administrative distance

.


:)
RIP Metric value hop count

(hop
network
Router
).

metric value best
path ( Routers ) . RIP

metric value
best path .

network 1 network 2 data packet

. network 3
. (
hop

source network
destination network

Routers . )

1.Router 1-----> Router 2-----> Router 3 = 2 hops

2.Router 1-----> Router 3 = 1 hop
3.Router 1-----> Router 5-----> Router4-----> Router 3 = 3 hops
path

hop count
path best
RIP
Router
. network
Router 1 2 path .

RIP 15 hops (RIP

network

Routers 15

)
network . 16 hops infinity metric .
16 hops path (route)
RIP data
packet network . data packet
hop 15
discard ( ) . network unreachable
.
RIP

30

full routing table directly connected Routers

.(directly connected Routers Static routing
)
RIP
Routers
Routers
network
route routing table full convergence
network
.


.
.
1/1

Distance vector Routing protocol

routing loops . RIP Distance
vector Routing protocol
RIP routing loop .

RIP
routing loop

RIP timers:
RIP timers
. timer

, RIP
routing update

update timer ( 30) . timer routing loops

RIP
timer
.

RIP timers
.
Invalid Timer -:RIP invalid timer

180 . routing table network
route
timer start .
timer
180
network
route update
( RIP 30
routing update

network route
routing table
30 update .
update

network

) Invalid timer reset ( ).

180
route update
invalid
timer
route infinity metric (16 hops)
assign routing update

Routers
.
route invalid timer
hold-down
.
2. Hold-Down Timer -:
timer

180 . invalid timer

route
hold-down
timer start .
route
update
routing
table .
route
hold-down

invalid timer
.

Router
routing update

infinity metric
(network unreachable)
route
hold-down
.

routing table
route metrics (hop count)

route update Router

route hold-down .
3. Flush Timer -:
timer

240
. hold-down timer flush timer start .

route
hold-down
route hold-down timer
flush timer

. hold-down timer
flush timer

60
(240 - 180 = 60) 60
garbage collection interval

.
Router
Routers network
unreachable route
.
flush timer

60 route routing
table .
1.

RIP
timers routing loop
. timers RIP

routing loop

.
Split Horizon :
Router
network
route
neighbor Routers
neighbor Routers route Router

 route update
.

route

(receive) interface
route update (send) .
.
1/1

Route Poisoning :

routing loop
.
Router network
network route
infinity metric
(
hop count 16

.
hop 16 RIP
path
) neighbor Routers routing update
.
Routers routing table
route data packet .

route data packet

routing loop
.
Triggered Update:

Router network

route infinity metric assign

Routers
.
Router
update timer
( 30)

. network

Routers
route data packet .
Poison Reverse :
RIP
Routers

routing loop . split horizon

route poisoning
routing
loop

.

, poison reverse .

RIP routing loop

. RIP Router






.


RIPv1 RIPv2
Router

.

. RIP
Routers routing update
port UDP port 520.

.


.

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(Interior Gateway
Routing ...

CCNA
Routing v
(RIP configuration)
LinkWithin

5
Netw ork

CCNA Routing iii

(Dynamic routing )

Routing

.
Routing i
Routing ii


classfull classless Routing protocol
,

Dynamic routing

Dynamic
routing protocol

*** Distance vector Routing protocol:

Dynamic routing

 routing protocol

Routers
network Routers
Routers routing table

routes ( ) directly connected Network


routing table , Router
interface
, interface
Routers .
Distance vector Routing protocol
Routers
routing table .
Dynamic routing protocol


Routing table
Routers
(neighbors) .
Neighbor Routers
Router directly connected
Routers .

neighbor routers

, Distance vector routing protocol network

Router neighbor Routers

.
neighbor Routers routing table
route
routing table

.
Routers neighbor
Routers

Routing by rumor

..

RouterA

routing table RouterB RouterC .
RouterB C routing table route RouterA
routing table
routing table
. RouterB
routing
table B neighbors RouterA D .

Roters routing table route

,
RouterC
neighbor RouterA
RouterD RouterB
routing table

network
Router network
routes ( ) routing table .

Distance vector Routing protocol

Routers
routing table ..

routing table neighbors Route advertise

.network
distance vector Dynamic routing protocol

Routers route advertise

routing
protocol

( : RIP
30 ,

routing protocol
)

Routers routing table

network
bandwidth

.
Router route
Router routing table

routing loop

. routing loop
,
path ( ) network

. ,
route

routing loop .

1/1

routing loops
network bandwidth
.

loops
network
bandwidth
. Distance vector Routing protocol

slow convergence
Router
network


.
Distance vector
Dynamic routing protocol

network

routing loops
. routing protocol .
Distance vector routing protocol network
.
*** Link-State Routing protocol:

routing loops, slow
convergence, periodic update (

routing
table update),
Link-State routing protocol
.


Dynamic routing protocol

Router network

(high convergence) . routing loops

network

(

Router

router loops

).


router configuration Link-State routing
protocol .

Distance vector routing protocol

full routing table neighbor Routers .
LinkState routing protocol
Routers network

Routers
network
(full convergenve
, full convergence
Routers
routing table neighbors ) routing table

route

routers .

,
Link-State dynamic routing protocol
Router

Router network

Router
network path
routing table

route

Routers .
Routers

network

high convergence

. high convergence
Link-State routing protocol
network
.
Distance vector routing protocol

Routers
Routers
network routing
table
,
Link-State routing protocol routing table

table

network . table .
Neighbor Table :
neighbors ,
neighbors neighbors
interface

table
. neighbor
table
Link-State router protocol
Hello
packet
(hello packet routing protocol
).
2. Topology Table:
database table . table
Router
network

routes ( ) .
3. Routing Table :
table
Shortest-path
table.

table


. topology table
routes

network
(best path)
table .
1.

Link-State routing protocol loop

, full routing table updates

Routers
network bandwidth
.

Dynamic routing protocol, Table

Router
RAM CPU

.
Distance vector routing protocol Link-State routing
Protocol

.
*** Hybrid:

 . Distance vector Link-State

Dynamic routing protocol
Hybrid .
Dynamic routing protocol

Router

.
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