1.

2.
3.

()
:
(rGm)TP = -Nfe
F (Farady); n ;E

:
(1)
(2)
(3)

+ :E=+
(
101325Pa

1)

1. AgCl KSP
:Ag(S)-AgCl(S) HCl(0.1000molkg-1)AgNO3(0.1000molkg-1)
Ag(S)
: Ag++eAg: Ag + Cl-AgCl+e
: Ag++Cl-AgCl

n=1 AgCl :

E KSP

2. rGmrSmrHmrGm
1 ET

rGmrSmrHm rGm

3.()
:
Hg(l)-Hg2Cl2(S)KCl()CuSO4(0.1000molkg-1)Cu(S)
:Cu2+ + 2e Cu
:2Hg+2Cl-Hg2Cl2+2e
()

:
()

() E

:
Hg(l)-Hg2Cl2(S)KCl()AgNO3(0.1000molkg-1)Ag(S)
:Ag++eAg
:2Hg+2Cl-Hg2Cl2+2e
()

()

4.
:(m1)
(m2)
-1
Cu(S)CuSO4(0.0100molkg )CuSO4(0.1000molkg-1)Cu(S)

5. pH

pH
:
(QQH2)QQH2 (Q)(QH2)

pH Q.QH2 Pt
QQH2 :
Hg(l)-Hg2Cl2(S) KCl Q.QH2 pH (H+)Pt(S)
2

Q.QH2 : Q+2H++2eQH2
aH+=CH+ :
QQH2=QQH2-2
QQH2 :
()

QQH2 () E pH QQH2
pH 8.5

1.
1 ; 1 ; ()1 ;
1 ; 2 ; 2 ; 2 ;
1 ; 1 ; 2 ; 1 ;
1 ;
;
1
2.
HCl(0.1000molkg-1) AgNO3(0.1000molkg-1) CuSO4(0.1000molkg-1)
CuSO4(0.0100molkg-1) ZnSO4(0.100molkg-1)
; ; pH ;
HCl(1moldm-3); HNO3 (13);
H2SO4 ;
Hg2(NO3)2 ; KNO3 ; KCl ; (C.P.);()

1.
(1)
Pt
( 100mL 1.5g 1.5g )
0.3mA 1h

(2)Ag-AgCl Pt
1moldm-3 HCl -15-1 2mA
30min Ag-AgCl KCl

(3) 13
( :
125gCuSO45H2O25gH2SO450mL )-15-1 20mA
20min Cu 0.1000molkg-1CuSO4
(4)
10s 0.1000molkg1
ZnSO4
3

2.
(1) KNO3( NH4NO3)

(2) 1g 50mL KNO3

(
)

3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
Zn(S)ZnSO4(0.1000molkg-1)CuSO4(0.1000molkg-1)Cu(S)
Hg(l)-Hg2Cl2(S) KCl CuSO4(0.1000molkg-1)Cu(S)
Hg(l)-Hg2Cl2(S) KCl AgNO3(0.1000molkg-1)Ag(S)
Cu(S)CuSO4(0.0100molkg-1)CuSO4(0.1000molkg-1)Cu(S)
Hg(l)-Hg2Cl2(S) KCl Q.QH2 pH Pt(S)
Ag(S)-AgCl(S)HCl(0.1000molkg-1)AgNO3(0.1000molkg-1)Ag(S)
: 25

0.1mV

15
50 510

1.( t ):
()=0.24240-7.610-4(t-25)
Q.QH2=0.6994-7.410-4(t-25)
AgCl=0.2224-6.4510-4(t-25)
2. (25):
0.1000molkg-1AgNO3
Ag+==0.734
0.1000molkg-1CuSO4
Cu2+==0.16
0.0100molkg-1CuSO4
Cu2+==0.40
0.1000molkg-1ZnSO4
Zn2+==0.15
t() 0.1000molkg-1HCl :
-lg=-lg0.8027+1.62010-4t+3.1310-7t2
4

3.:
(1)
(2)
(3) pH
(4) AgCl KSP
(5) T
20 25 30 E

rGmrSmrHm rGm
4.

1.??
2.??
3.?
4.??