I.

Tng quan l thuyt Nguyn liu -

ng: 400g u xanh b v: 400g Du n: 100g Mt tc: 100g Mt ht sen: 100g Mt b: 100g M: 50g Ht iu: 100g Ht da bc v: 50g Lp xng: 1 cy Ch bng: 50g Trn b: 50g Bt m: 500g ng: 40g Mui: 3g M nc: 150g Trng: 1 qu Nc: 150ml Bt nng: 75g M nc: 38g Hn hp 2 Hn hp 1

II. Cch tin hnh: 1.Quy trnh tin hnh;

Bt m, m nc

Bt m, m nc

Trn bt

Trn bt

Chia bt

Chia bt

Trn 2 hn hp

Cn gp 3 ln

Cn mng

To hnh

nhn

Bnh bao

Nng

Bnh bao nng

1.1 Nho bt - Mc ch: To khi bt nho ng nht, lm cho khi bt c trn u vi cc thnh phn ph khc v lm cho sn phm hon thin hn. To bt nho hay to khung gluten. Hn hp du, nc ngoi gia tng cht bo cho v bnh sau ny cn c tc dng ha tan cc vitamin E c trong bt, du nc l mt h nh tng tng lin kt gia ui k nc v a nc vi gluten ca bt nho tng bn cho khung gluten. Sau khi nho trn th bt khong 30 pht nhm lm n nh cu trc khung mng gluten. 1.2 Cn bt- to hnh - Mc ch: to hnh bnh bao hon chnh, bn cnh cn gip to s phn lp bnh sau khi chin. - Cch tin hnh: Cn vin bt ca hn hp 1v 2 nhau , sau gp li v ct i ra nho trn s v tip tc cn thnh tm mng, gp i tm bt li v tip tc cn nh vy 3 ln Cho nhn vo bn trong trn v chia thnh 40 bnh , gi li v to hnh. Qut lng trng: ln b mt bnh to mu vng cho v bnh khi nng, to mi v. 1.3 Nng bnh :
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Mc ch: lm cho bnh chn , to ra mu sc, hng v c trng cho bnh. Cch tin hnh: cho bnh bao t nng diu chnh nhit . nng bnh vi nhit hi nh lm cho bnh chn hon ton v bnh, phn bn trong bnh v khng lm chy phn v bnh bn ngoi.nng cho n khi thy bnh chn vng l c.

1.4 Kt qu:

Bnh bao nng c mu vng p,dn, mi thm, bnh n u v to s phn lp. V hnh dng bnh khng ng u . - Nhn xt

Bnh c mu vng do phn ng caramen ha v melanodin, qut lp lng trng bn ngoi s cho mu sc p hn, mi thm ca bt v ca trng. 1.5 Tr li cu hi 1) Bnh im tm l g? K tn cc loi bnh im tm trn th trng? Bnh im tm l nhng loi bnh thng dng n vo bui sng v c gi tr dinh dng cao hn bnh m do c b sung nhng cht c hm lng protit cao v cht bo. Mt vi loi bnh im tm trn th trng nh: h co, bnh t, bnh bao, cc loi bnh cun, cc loi bnh ngt,. 2) c dim ca loi bt m dng sn xut bnh bao? Bt m lm bnh bao nng: Loi bt trng, c xay t phn li ca ht la m. Trong thnh phn ca bt m lm bnh bao c cha sn benzoin peroxit c tnh ty trng; enzyme -amylaza v -amylaza; vitamin C; NaHCO3, (NH4)2CO3; cht nh ha; monoaliglycerid; protase. 3) Yu cu ca sn phm bnh bao hp? Bnh bao chin? Bnh bao nng t yu cu khi v bnh vng, thm, n xp nhng bnh dn, cc thnh phn ca nhn cn i, v va n. Hnh dng b ngoi ca bnh bao phi hon chnh, c hnh trn hoc hnh bu dc. B mt khng c nhng khim khuyt nh c np nhn, kht,V yu cu khu v: khng c mi v l, khng dnh rng; bnh bao phi c mi c trng ca bt m sau khi nng. 4) Nhng yu t no trong quy trnh sn xut nh hng n cht lng bnh bao? Trong quy trnh sn xut bnh bao trn th giai on nho trn v nng c th coi l quan trng nht. v nho bt l mt khu rt quan trng c nh hng r rt n khu tip theo ca qu trnh k thut v cht lng ca bnh. 5) Ti sao phi dng bt ni v bt khai trong quy trnh sn xut bnh bao? Trong thnh phn ca bt nho c s dng nhiu cht bo, cht bo ny s bao quanh ly t bo nm men lm gim kh nng hp th thc n ca nm men chnh

v vy m trong sn xut bnh bao thng lm n bng phng php ha hc. Bt ni v bt khai (hn hp NaHCO3 v (NH4)2CO3) lm tng n cho sn phm. Cc cht ny c kh nng phn hy to ra kh CO2 hoc NH3 trong qu trnh gia nhit, bnh s hnh thnh cc l hng kh bn trong bnh lm bnh n xp, mm nh hn. Khi gia nhit, (NH4)2CO3 sinh ra 82% lng kh, trong khi NaHCO3 sinh ra 50% CO2. c s dng trong qu trnh sn xut cc loi bnh khng s dng c men nh cc loi bnh bng lan, cookies v cracker, bnh bao, biscuit, snack c tc dng to thm xp ca bnh v gi xp bnh sau khi nng. Liu lng s dng: Ty theo xp mong mun m iu chnh hm lung. Thng thng t 3% - 5% /hm lng bt s dng. Cc cht to xp n thng s dng nh: -Bt n: Baking soda hay sodium bicacbonat (NaHCO3) cn c gi l bt ni, dng tinh th hoc bt trng, c tinh khit > 84%. Khi thc hin qu trnh gia nhit bnh, baking soda s phn hy to thnh kh CO2 lm n bnh nhng nu cho qu nhiu bt n th c nhiu kh to ra lm v khung gluten. NaHCO3 => Na2CO3 + CO2 + H2O (1) NaHCO3 => NaX + CO2 + H2O (2) Qu trnh (1) din ra trong khong thi gian ngn th cng tt v bnh cng n xp. Qu trnh (2) do s c mt ca mui acid lm kh to ra t t trong sut qu trnh nng v s to kh trong khong thi gian ngn. Do s dng (1) hoc (2) l ty thuc vo mi loi bnh. -Bt khai: Bt khai hay amoni cacbonat (NH4)2CO3 c kh nng to kh ln (82%) v to nhiu NH3: (NH4)2CO3 => NH3 + CO2 + H2O Do kh CO2 khng mi nn khng lm thay i cht lng sn phm. Trc y bnh bao, mt s biscuit... ngi ta thng s dng bt khai to xp ca phn bt ngoi nhng bt khai to ra kh NH3 lu li mi khai gy s kh chu cho ngi tiu dng nn gn y cc nh lm bnh thay th dn bt khai bng bt

ni vi nhng u im to xp cho bnh nhng khng c mi khai). Gii hn s dng: 0.2 % 6) Gii thch c ch kh mi khai ca chanh, gim n? Trong thnh phn ca gim v chanh ch yu l cc acid hu c, th cc acid ny s trung ha cc cht kim (NH3) gy mi hi, bn cnh cc acid ny c kh nng hp th NH3 v khi gia nhit cc acid hu c ny c bay hi cao hn nc nn s bay hi v mang theo cht ny, t lm gim mi hi khai cho bnh. 7: Gii thch c ch lm phn lp v bnh bao nng? to s phn lp cho v bnh bao nng, trn chung hn hp: bt m + nc m (hn hp 1) vi bt nng + m nc (hn hp 2), mi hn hp c nho trn ring ri mi nho trn li vi nhau. V m khng tan trong nc to mng bao quanh bt phn cch bt m v bt nng. V mt tnh cht v cu trc ht tinh bt 2 loi bt ny hon ton khc nhau. Qu trnh cn ct iu chnh khng kh trong bt, ta cn gp np 3 ln to nhiu lp cho bnh sau ny. 8) Cc yu t lm nh hng n n xp ca bnh bao? Cc yu t lm nh hng n n xp ca bnh bao: Cht lng ca bt m, nm men T l gia cc thnh phn trong khi bt nho: nc, bt, nm men, Ch nho trn, thi gian, cng v nhit nho trn. Thi gian, nhit , m bt nho khi . Ch hp bnh

9) Cc yu t lm nh hng n gin, xp, tch lp ca bnh bao nng? Cc yu t lm nh hng n gin, xp, tch lp ca bnh bao nng: Cht lng ca bt m, nm men T l gia cc thnh phn trong khi bt nho: nc, bt, nm men, Ch nho trn, thi gian, cng v nhit nho trn. Hm lng bt nng s dng

Phng php cn, to hnh Thi gian, nhit , m bt nho khi . Ch nng bnh.

10)C ch ty trng bt m? Cc phng php thc hin? Mu sc ca bt ph thuc vo thnh phn v lng cc sc t c trong ht v chuyn vo bt. Thnh phn sc t c trong ht ch yu l xantophin v caroten. c im ca cc sc t ny l d b oxi ha to thnh cc dn xut khng mu. Khi khng kh xm nhp cng nhiu, qu trnh oxi ho xy ra cng nhanh th bt cng trng, nhng d gy hin tng ng ca bt. V vy, cn iu chnh lng khng kh thch hp bt va trng, va khng b ng. - NaHSO3: dng ty trng. H+ phn ly t NaHSO3 tn cng vo v tr ni i lm cc hp cht mu dng khng no chuyn thnh dng no, mt mu, kt qu l bt tr nn trng hn. - Benzoyl peroxide (E 928): Benzoyl peroxide [C6H5C(O)]2O2 l mt ph gia thc phm c th c s dng nh mt cht x l bt do c tnh oxy ha rt mnh, n c s dng rng ri lm trng hu ht cc loi bt nh bt lm bnh m, bt c gluten cao, bt m a dng, bt lm cake, bt lm cc pastry. (wheat flour) bi v chng c hiu qu lm trng cc k ln v khng c nh hng g khi dng chung vi tc nhn lm mnh bt. Benzoyl peroxide oxy ha cc carotenoids ngun gc t nhin trong bt v kt qu l lm trng bt m. N thng c dng do mt s ngi tiu dng thch bt mu trng n nhng mu trng ng. Khi bt m c ch bin thnh thc phm, hu ht cc benzoyl peroxide c chuyn i thnh axit benzoic, mt cht bo qun thng c s dng. Cc axit benzoic khi vo c th n s c bi tit ra ngoi theo ng nc tiu. Hm lng s dng: khng c qu 150 ppm trong bt, v c hoc khng kt hp vi ti a 900 ppm cc cht sau: calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate,

dicalcium phosphate, magnesium carbonate, potassium aluminum sulphate, sodium aluminum sulphate. Theo codex: khng vt qu 60 mg/kg trong bt. - Acetone peroxide (E929): (AP) c bit n nh l mt cht ty trng v ci tin bt vo nm 1961. AP c s dng nh l mt cht mang ca tinh bt, ch yu l mono acetone (khong 90%) vi phn cn d nh l dime acylic v mt t hydrogen peroxide d. AP l mt cht c kh nng oxy ha nhanh v lm gim nhanh chng hm lng lin kt SH ca bt nho v lm tng sc bn ca bt nho. Tri vi cc cht ci tin khc, AP hot ng trn bt m kh v s hot ng ca n xy ra hon ton trong 24h v c sc bn tt hn hn cc cht x l khc. Trong bt nho t hiu qu tng t th cn mt lng AP nhiu hn so vi khi dng iodate hoc azodicarbonamide. Liu lng s dng trong khong 25mg/kg bt. - Lipoxygenase: Vic b sung mt lng nh bt enzyme lm t u nnh hay u fava vo bt m ty trng cc sc t carotenoid, tng bn, ci thin tnh cht bt v c th tng th tch bnh m. Ngi ta c chng minh rng lipoxygenase loi II c kh nng ci tin v tc dng ty trng. Lipoxygenase xc tc qu trnh oxy ha acid bo khng bo ha thnh h monohydroperoxides tng ng. Ngc li vi enzyme lipoxygenase ca bn thn bt m, enzme lipoxygenases ca u nnh v u fava sinh ra cc gc peroxy oxy ha cc carotenoid v cc thnh phn bt khc. C ch tc dng ci thin ca lipoxygenase vn khng gii thch c. Hiu qu ch c th thy c s hin din ca lipid v khng kh. Hot ng ca enzyme lipoxygenase c th to ra mi v khng mong mun trong bnh m, v vy s lng bt enzyme thm vo hn ch trng lng khong 1% khi lng bt.