Economic Development is a complex process consisting in interactions between the population and economic variables, and it is impossible to have

economic development without the development of human resources. This sentence was highlighted in the Declaration of the National Population Policy of the Republic of Niger, dated August 1992. However, twenty years later, the human resources situation in Niger is more than disastrous. The highest birth rate combined with one of the lowest life expectancies in the world has made Niger 174th out of 177th on the human development index. In order to get out of this situation, serious reforms, especially in the Healthcare and Education sectors are necessary. This paper will first discuss the current healthcare situation of Niger, explore ways to improve human resources and living conditions for the people of Niger, lead one toward the current education system in the country. We will then proceed to give you an overview of the externalities that come with low education, and finally conclude by exploring solutions leading toward a better education system and the benefits that come out of it.