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ENDOCRINOLOGIA
ENDOCRINOLOGIA
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Sntesi i qumica
5 gens
Especificitat despcie
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Uni a fragments extracel.lulars del receptor Vida mitja Concentracio: <3 ng/mL
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Receptors
Membre de la familia de la superfamilia de receptors a citoquines Receptor per dimeritzaci Mltiples vies de transducci de senyals
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Efectes en el creixement
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Hormona anabolica proteica Efectes sobre el fsfor Efectes en absorcio de Ca Efectes sobre Na i K Nivells de 4-OH-Pro urinaris
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Somatomedines
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Somatomedines
Aa Font Regulada per [Plasma] ng/mL Prt uni plasmtica Paper fisiolgic
martes 30 de marzo de 2010
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Somatomedines
Receptors Regulacio
IGF-I IGF-II
Relaci amb GH
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Retenci Na
IGF-I
Lipolisi
Act Insulina-Like
Anti-lipolisi
Sntesi proteica
Creixement epifisari
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Control hipotalmic
Secreci de GRH i somatostatina IGF-I Hipoglucemia Aminoacidemia Glucag Estrs Dormir (no REM) Agonistes dopaminergics i alfa adrenergics Estrogens REM Glucosa Cortisol FFA Medroxiprogesterona GH
Estmuls de control
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Coordinaci GH-Insulina
Hypothalamus produces:
Hormones transported along the hypothalamohypophyseal tract. Stored in posterior pituitary. Release controlled by neuroendocrine reflexes.
Anterior Pituitary
Master gland (also called adenohypophysis). Derived from a pouch of epithelial tissue that migrates upward from the mouth. Consists of 2 parts: Pars distalis: anterior pituitary. Pars tuberalis: thin extension in contact with the infundibulum.
Anterior Pituitary
Trophic effects:
Health of the target glands, depends upon stimulation by anterior pituitary for growth. High plasma hormone concentration causes target organ to hypertrophy. Low plasma hormone concentration causes target organ to atrophy.
Hormonal control rather than neural. Hypothalamus synthesizes releasing hormones and inhibiting hormones. Hormones are transported to axon endings of median eminence.
Hormones secreted into the hypothalamohypophyseal portal system regulate the secretions of the anterior pituitary.
Anterior pituitary and hypothalamic secretions are controlled by the target organs they regulate. Negative feedback inhibition by target gland hormones.
The target gland hormone can act on the hypothalamus and inhibit releasing hormones. The target gland hormone can act on the anterior pituitary and inhibit response to the releasing hormone.
Adrenal Glands
Paired organs that cap the kidneys. Each gland consists of an outer cortex and inner medulla. Adrenal medulla: Derived from embryonic neural crest ectoderm (sympathetic ganglia).
Hormones suprarrenals
Mdula suprarrenal
Estructura i funci dhormones medulars Regulaci de la secreci Estructura i sntesi dhormones corticals Transport, metabolisme i excreci Efectes dels andrgens i estrgens suprarrenals Efectes dels glucocorticoids Regulaci dels glucocorticoids Efectes dels mineralocorticoids Regulaci de laldosterona
Escora suprarrenal
Adrenal Glands
Escora suprarrenal:
Zona glomerulosa:
Aldosterona: regula balan Na+ i K+. Cortisol: regula metabolisme de glucosa. Androstenodiona i DHEA: esteroids sexuals.
Zona fasciculata:
Zona reticularis:
Common name Side-chain cleavage enzyme; desmolase 3 betahydroxyster oid dehydrogen ase 17 alphahydroxylas e/17,20 lyase 21hydroxylas e 11 betahydroxylas e Aldosteron e synthase Aromatase
"Old" name
Current name
P450SCC
CYP11A1
3 beta-HSD
3 beta-HSD
P450C17
CYP17
P450C21
CYP21A2
Transport i metabolisme
Cortisol:
Concentr: 5-20 g/dL mat; 5 tarda Transcortina Cortisol-cortisona i 11-hidroxidehidrogenasa Metabolisme hepatic i 17-hidroxicorticoids urinaris (no 17-cetoesteroides) AldBP; transcortina i albumina Metabolisme hepatic
Aldosterona:
Efectes
Genera AMPc Estimula presa colesterol Lisi esters colesterol Transferencia mitocondrial colesterol Colesterol desmolassa 11-hidroxilasa Hipertrfia adrenocortical
Receptors Efectes metablics Efectes sobre diversos teixits Efectes sobre inflamaci i immunitat
Efectes metablics
Secreci
Altres
Inhibici
Ne quid nimis!
Retenci de Na