n t ng ha sn xut GVHD.

TS Lu Thanh Tng

NI DUNG
LI NI U
PHN 1: TNG QUAN V MY M TIN GIY .......................................................1
1.1. Lch s pht trin ca my m tin giy..............................................................2
1.2. Nhu cu s dng my m tin giy......................................................................3
1.3. Cc loi my m tin giy...................................................................................4
PHN 2: PHN TCH V CHN PHNG N THIT K.
2.1. Phn tch sn phm...............................................................................................5
2.2. Cc phng n thit k..........................................................................................6
2.3. Chn phng n thit k.......................................................................................8
PHN 3: THIT K S B:
3.1. Cc b phn ca my.......................................................................................9
3.2. Nng sut lm vic:.........................................................................................10
PHN 4: TNH TON NG HC V NG LC HC
4.1. Tnh ton v thit k ng hc
4.1.1. Ni dung thit k ng hc.......................................................................11
4.1.2. S nguyn l........................................................................................12
4.1.3. S ng hc.........................................................................................15
4.1.4. Tnh ton t s truyn ..............................................................................16
4.1.5. Hot ng ca my...................................................................................17
4.2. Tnh ton ng lc hc v chn ng c
4.2.1. Cm ht....................................................................................................18
4.2.2. Tnh ton cng sut v chn ng c.......................................................24
4.3. Nguyn l m tin
4.3.1. Cu to ca cm bin....................................................................26
4.3.2. Nguyn l hot ng mch m.....................................................27
PHN 5: QUI TRNH VN HNH, HNG DN S DNG, BO TR, BO DNG.
PHN 6: M PHNG.
PHN 7: TI LIU THAM KHO

LI NI U
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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 n t ng ha sn xut GVHD.TS Lu Thanh Tng

Trong nhng nm gn y, bn cnh s pht trin nh v bo ca nn khoa hc k thut
th gii, lnh vc khoa hc k thut Vit Nam cng c nhng chuyn bin ln v tch cc.
V ngnh c kh Vit Nam bt u tri dy mnh m vi vic lin tc tip thu cc kin thc
khoa hc k thut tin tin t cc quc gia hng u v cng ngh. Mt trong s l lnh
vc t ng hoa. Trn th gii, cng ngh t ng hoa pht trin t rt lu v vng chn,
tuy nhin Vit Nam y l 1 lnh vc mi ang thu ht s ch ca mt lng ln nhng
tp on cng ty ang lm nhe chim lnh nn san xut tin tin. Mt ln na yu cu bc
thit v ngun nhn lc cht lng cao t cc trng i hc c kh nng tip thu v thc
hin cng ngh T ng hoa ni ring v c kh ni chung tr nn bc thit hn bao gi ht.
V p ng nhu cu bc thit , trng H BK TPHCM m an mn hc T ng
hoa san xut, mt an bc u gip sinh vin tip cn c cng ngh tin tin trn th
gii.
C th ni an T ng hoa san xut l mt trong nhng nc thang quan trng gip sinh
vin lin h thc tin v l thuyt thng qua cc chng trnh m phng hng u trn th
gii hin nay. N i hi s kt hp mt cch khn kho cc kin thc v cng ngh hc
cng vi cch p dng linh hot vo chng trnh c th hon thnh an ng thi hnh
dung mt cch tng quan qu trnh thit k mt h thng t ng hon chnh. T gip
sinh vin c ci nhn tt nht v ngh nghip m mnh chn sau ny.
an ny tp trung vo cc vn chnh sau y:
Thit k h thng.
M phng hoat ng cua h thng.
D rt c gng tuy nhin do kinh nghim thc tin con han ch nn an cha c
y v cn nhiu sai st. Rt mong s ong gop nhn xet chn thanh cua cac thy
nhom co th hoan thin an mt cach tt nht.
Cui cung nhom xin chn thanh cam n cac Thy C trong b mn v c bit l TS.
Lu Thanh Tng a giup nhom mt cach tn tinh nhom co th hoan thanh an nay.
Sinh vin thc hin
THN TRNG KHNH T
NGUYN QUANG THANH
TRN C THNH

PHN 1

TNG QUAN MY M TIN GIY

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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1.1.

LCH S PHT TRIN CA MY M TIN GIY

H thng my m tin giy t ng u tin trn th gii c gii thiu nm 1920 ti

M bi cng ty Federal Bill Counter. H thng ny gip tng nng sut cho cng tc kim
k ti cc D tr lin bang M lc by gi v gip gim sai st cho con ngi.
n nm 1962, Tokyo Calculating Machine Works, ti Nht gii thiu mt loi m
tin giy vi cng ngh vt bc, chim u th trn th trng lc by gi. My c tc
m rt cao v tng chnh xc.
Nm 1981 vi vic pht trin v nng cao loi my m tin da trn nguyn tc lc ma
st. Tc my m tin rt cao, c th t 72000 t/gi, iu ny loi b s cn thit
ca con ngi trong cng tc kim k tin. Vi s pht trin ca khoa hc my tnh, vic
nhn dng tin gi, loi b cc t tin b rch nt qu nhiu cng c thc hin. Cng ngh
pht hin tin gi c nghin cu v ci tin rt nhiu, n da trn nguyn tc nhn dng
k t bng mc t, mc tia t ngoi xc nh tin gi v loi b chng.
1.2. NHU CU S DNG MY M TIN GIY
Cng tc m tin v kim k tin bc l 1 cng vic khng th thiu ti cc ngn hng
mi ni trn th gii. Mc d hin nay vic s dng ti khon ngn hng, thanh ton qua th
rt ph bin nhng vn trao i s dng v lu tr tin mt chim mt s lng rt ln.
Cc quc gia cc nc ang pht trin c nhu cu s dng my m tin nhiu hn
cc nc pht trin. c bit cc khu vc nh Chu Phi, Chu s dng rt ln, mt s
nc in hin nh n , Trung Quc, Vit Nam, ZimbabweCc nc c ng tin nh,
lm pht nhiu th cng s dng nhiu my m tin.
1.3. CC LOI MY M TIN GIY
C nhiu cch phn loi my m tin, y ta phn lm 2 loi. Loi my m tin vn
gi dy buc tin v loi phi b dy buc tin.
1.3.1. My m tin phi g dy buc:
Trong qu trnh m phi g b phn b tin pha ui, my s dng c cu qut tin i
qua cc cp diode hng ngoi ( mt thn), lm thay i in p diode thu, tn hiu ny c
a vo b x l, qua m s lng t tin c b vo trong my.
u im:
Tc m kh cao, khong 1000 t/pht.
Kt cu n gin, gn nh, kch thc hp l.
D s dng, bo tr, bo dng.
bn kh cao, gi thnh r
Nhc im:
Phi b dy buc tin khi m, do lm tn cng tho v buc dy gi tin.
Gp kho khn khi m cc loi tin cng vnh, gp nhn.
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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 n t ng ha sn xut GVHD.TS Lu Thanh Tng

Khi s dng loi my ny, ngi s dng phi tho b b phn b tin pha ui, do ,
trong qu trnh kim k, khng m bo c chnh xc khi c 2 hay nhiu t tin
dnh nhau, phi lau chi thng xuyn cp diode hng ngoi m bo khng c vt
cn gia cp diode ny trong qu trnh m.

HNH 1.1. MY M TIN DNG TRT

Hin nay chng ta cn c cc loi my m tin b ti, rt gn nh

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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HNH 1.2. MY M TIN B TI

1.1.1. My m tin khng cn g dy buc:
Nm 1957, nhn thy s bt tin ca cc loi my m tin phi g b dy buc, ng De
La Rue ngi Anh pht minh ra loi my m tin ht chn khng. De La Rue cng
chnh l ngi pht minh ra my ATM nm 1967.

HNH 1.3. MY M TIN HT CHN KHNG U TIN TRN TH GII

y l mt loi my m tin c ci tin t nhng u nhc im t loi my m tin
phi b dy buc.Thng thng cc ngn hng ngi ta thng buc tin theo tng lc, do
vic s dng my m tin loi ny rt hu dng, ngi kim k khng phi mt thi
gian g v buc dy gi tin. Thm vo tc m tin rt l nhanh, tc trung bnh
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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t c l 100 t/4 giy. H thng m tin ny c y cc thit b nhn din v loi b
tin gi, m bo chnh xc cao.

HNH 1.4. CC MODEL CA HNG MAXSELL(N ).

Tuy nhin loi my m tin loi ny u da trn nguyn tc ht chn khng nn kch
thc v trng lng my s ln hn so vi loi g dy buc. Tuy nhin, vic hn ch kch
thc cng c ti u. Thm vo , do s dng h thng ht chn khng nn phi c
bo tr bo dng thng xuyn.
Trn th gii hin nay ngi ta cng c nhiu pht minh mi v my m tin loi ny,
l dng my m s dng 1 con ln nh chic nhn. Mi ln trt th n s m, cch
m nay ging nh cch m th cng ca con ngi. C iu con ngi khng phi m
l c bao nhiu tin.

HNH 1.5. MY M TIN DNG NHN EO TAY

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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PHN 2

PHN TCH V CHN PHNG N THIT K

2.1.

PHN TCH SN PHM.

Trn th gii ngoi nhng sn phm my m tin buc dy qun, th trong khong 50
nm tr li y ngi ta ang pht trin loi my m tin khng cn g b dy qun. Hin
nay c nhiu model sn phm ca cc cng ty nh MAXSELL,GBTECH, SAGUN
ELECTRONICS NOIDA, TEXTRON (n ), TAY-CHIAN (i Loan), Hebei Huijin
Electromechanical (Trung Quc)..
Mt s sn phm ph bin trn th trng:

HNH 2.1. MODEL C-29 CA HNG SAGUN ELECTRONICS NOIDA

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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HNH 2.2. MODEL TC5500 CA HNG TAY-CHIAN (I LOAN)

HNH 2.3. MODEL XD-0372 CA BEIJING ROYAL AVIATION

TECHNOLOGIES
BNG 2.1. THNG S K THUT CA MT S MY TRN TH TRNG
c tnh k thut
Cng sut
Khi lng
Nng sut trn
STT
Model
Hng sn xut
(W)
(Kg)
100 t (s)
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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2
3
4

MX-600
Desktop
MX-600 Floor
TC 5500
TC 5500s

C-29

XD-0372

MAXSELL
TAY-CHIAN
SAGUN
ELECTRONICS
BEIJING ROYAL
AVIATION
TECHNOLOGIES

420

32

4.2

440
330
330

47
25
40

4
3.5
3

350

30

355

28

NGUYN L CHUNG CA H THNG M TIN:

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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MY M TIN

CCU GI TIN

TCH TIN

HTCHN KHNG

M TIN

CCU QUAY

CM BIN V TR

MCH M
MY HTCHN
KHNG

U HT

NG C

HTHNG BNH
RNG HNH TINH

HIN TH

HNH 2.4. TNG QUAN H THNG MY M TIN

V c bn cc h thng m tin u s dng chung 1 nguyn l tch tin, chng u s
dng 1 c cu ht chn khng v s kt hp ng b 2 chuyn ng quay ca u ht v a
quay cha cc u ht bi h thng bnh rng hnh tnh, nh h thng bnh rng hnh tnh
vi bnh rng ln ng yn to nn s chuyn ng ng b gia a quay v u ht.
Cc h thng m tin thng c nhng ci tin v b phn m v c cu gi, di y
l mt s phng n ci tin m ngi ta s dng.

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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C CU M

XC NH V TR
TIN C HT

CM BIN MNG
N HI

CM BIN
QUANG

CM BIN TIM
CN

HNH 2.5. CC LOI CM BIN XC NH V TR M

2.1.

CC PHNG N THIT K.
tng thit k my m tin t ng u da trn nguyn l tch ln lt tng t tin
c trong mt b, sau ln lt tng t c a qua cc c cu m s lng t tin, tn
hiu thu c c a qua b x l, xut kt qu ra mn hnh hin th.
C cu tch tng t tin trong my m tin b t ng l s dng 5 gic ht, c phn
b u trn mt a quay. Cc gic ht ny quay tng i vi a quay vi chiu ngc li.
Khi a quay quay, vi lc ht chn khng, cc gic ht vi chiu quay ngc li s ht ln
lt tng t tin, b cong chng v ln lt a qua cc c cu m t ng.
Cc phng n thit k c cu m ca my m tin t ng:
2.1.1. Phng n 1:
S dng mt cm bin p sut, nhn bit s thay i p sut tc ng ln mt mng n
hi khi tin c ht dnh vo vi gic ht. p sut sinh ra lm bin dng mng n hi, tn
hiu do bin dng sinh ra kch hot mt b m ln. Nh vy, ta m c s t tin trong
mt b.
hnh 2.5, mt b tin 1 (nhiu t tin c xp chng ln nhau) c kp cht phn
ui bi lc ca mt l xo thng qua mt ming m 2 lin kt vi mt c cu n hi 3.
ming m 2 c nh v trn mt thanh 2a, di chuyn trong mt rnh hnh vng cung
3a v ton b h thng ny dch chuyn c theo chiu kim ng h bi mt l xo. Do ,
phn ui khng c kp ca b tin s lun gi nguyn v tr vi c cu di chuyn b tin,
khng b rt ra.

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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HNH 2.6. M HNH TNG QUAN CA MY

H thng tch tng t tin trong b bao gm mt a trn 4 quay theo chiu ngc chiu
kim ng h dn ng bi mt ng c thng qua mt trc ngn. a ny c c nh bi
vt 5. Trn a 4 phn b u 5 u ht 6 c dn ng bi 5 bnh rng quay cng chiu
kim ng h pha di a 4. B mt lm vic ca mi u ht bao gm mt 7 v mt l ht
chn khng 8, n ln lt kt ni vi ngun chn khng bi mt ca phn phi khi a quay.
S b tr cc ca ht ny s c miu t chi tit nh sau.
B mt ca a 4 c lm kn bng mt vng 9 gn trn v hp ca my 10.
Bt u hot ng, ming m 2 cng c cu n hi 3 kp cht b tin nh hnh 1. Khi
ng c hot ng, nhng t tin ln lt c b cong di tc ng ca cc u ht n
khi tt c cc t tin trong b tin c b cong n v tr 1A. Mt t tin 1B dnh cht vi
mt lm vic ca u ht v c chuyn n v tr khc. Khi t tin ny c u ht b
cong, mi u ht sinh ra mt tn hiu kch hot c cu m, t tng s t tin c ghi
nhn.
Cu to chi tit ca a quay s c miu t chi tit trong hnh 5. n gin ha, hnh
ch biu din mt u ht, thm vo , cc b phn nh ng lt chng ma st v ln s
c b qua, khng miu t trong hnh c ci nhn r hn v nhng c im quan trng
ca my m tin t ng.

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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HNH 2.7. S LP CA MY
C cu a quay 4 c mt l khoan tm a 11 c kh nng quay quanh mt trc thng
ng 11, a quay 4 c mt rnh ch V 13 bn ngoi chu vi ca n t mt dy ai thang
truyn ng t ng c in. Trn a quay c khoan 5 l 14 cch u nhau so vi l
trung tm 11 lp phn ui 15 ca cc u ht hnh tr 6. 5 l khoan xuyn tm 16 c
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc
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khoan trn a quay 4 dng kt ni cc l 14 vi l trung tm 11. V trn thc t, n c
khoan bn trong v c nt li ti vt 17 nh hnh v.
Mi u ht c khoan theo chiu dc to thnh cc rnh dn 18 v n c nt li
u cc u ht ny bng vt c th tho ra c 19. Mt mng lc ( khng c biu din
trong hnh) nm bn trong cc rnh dn chn khng ny c tc dng lc bi. Cc l khoan
20, 21 thng vi 18, v ln lt thng vi ca ht 8 v rnh 16.
Pha cui ca mi u ht c gn vi mt bnh rng c c nh chc chn bng vt
23 v bng then, rnh then ( khng biu din trong hnh).
Trc thng ng 12 c gn mt mng-sng 24, cng vi b phn np 5 gn trn nh
bi vt 25. Phn ui ca trc c lm ren ti v tr 26 gn mt ai c 27 v long n 28.
B mt lm vic ca trc c thit k vi 4 cng 28, 30, 31 v 32, tt c thng hng vi
rnh 16 trn a 4 ; v tr chnh xc ca cc ca ny s c miu t chi tit t hnh 2 n
hnh 4. Ca 29 ( ca ht) thng vi mt ngun chn khng thng qua cc l dc trc 33 v
34 c khoan trong trc 12. Ca 30 ( ca cm bin) thng vi mt cm bin p sut S
pha ui trc bi mt l dc trc 35 v 36 pha ui trc; ca x 31 thng vi ca 32 qua
ng 37 bn trong, ca 31 v 32 to vi nhau 1 gc 720 theo hng chiu t trn. Cc l
khc bn trong trc c miu t trn hnh 5 nhng thc t chng c khoan v lm kn
sao cho ph hp vi cng dng ca my.
Cc u ht 6 quay quanh cc trc ring bit nh vo s n khp trong ca h thng bnh
rng hnh tinh 22 v mt bnh rng c nh 38. Bnh rng 38 nm bn trong mt hp hnh
ng 39 dng hnh trn, pha y ca hp ny c khoan ti tm y t phn ui c ren
26 ca trc 12,c c nh bi nt 27. Mt l hng tm 41 trong y ca hp c nt ti
v tr 42 v thng trc tip vi c cu lc F qua l 43. Nh , s c s lin kt gia c cu
lc F ny vi rnh 33. B phn lc bi F c lin kt vi bm chn khng P qua u ni 44
v ng 45.
on c lm ren pha ui ca trc 12 c nt li bi nt chn 46, on ren ny
c thit k ph hp vi ai c 27. Nt chn 46 c khoan mt l ngay tm v c
lm ren 47 c th lin kt vi mt bch bng nha 48. Mt bch 48 c khoan dc trc
gi phn u vo ca c cu cm bin p sut S ( s c trnh by chi tit hnh 6 v 7).

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HNH 2.8. CU TO CA CM BIN MNG

C cu cm bin p sut c cu to bao gm mt tm khung hnh ch L bng kim loi
c 2 b mt bng phng 59 v 50. Mt 49 c khoan l gi u kt ni hnh ng 51 v
vng m cao su 52. u kt ni 51 ny c c nh bi mt nt 52a. Bn trong u kt
ni c khoan l dc trc 53 thng vi mt hp cc mng mng n hi lm bng cao su
(bellows) 55. Cc mng n hi ny c kh nng hot ng vn tc cao, tt nhin trong
iu kin khng cn bi trn. Pha ui ca hp mng 55 c bt bi mt b phn lm kn
c vt mp 56, l khoan 57 nhn mt li cng tc tc ng 58 ca mt cng tc 59.
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Mt 50 c khoan v lm ren 2 l 60 v 61 gi c nh cng tc 59 bng cch dng 2
bulng gn cht cng tc ny vi mt 50 qua mt ming m 62. Trong qu trnh hot ng,
khi c tc ng bi ngun ht vo bn trong ca hp mng, do tc ng mt lc ln li
cng tc tc ng 58 v ng mch iu khin bn trong cng tc 59. Cn phi iu chnh
chnh xc trnh s tho lng ca bu long 60 v 61 lm cho cng tc v ming m dao
ng quanh bulong 60. V tr chnh xc l khi mch cng tc phi trng thi m khi cc
mng n hi trng thi tnh, tc l khi cha c p lc no tc ng ln mng.
Trnh t hot ng ca h thng cc ca ht s c trnh by ln lt t hnh 2.8 n
hnh 2.10.

HNH 2.9. V TR BT U HT
hnh 2, mt u ht c v v tr ban u ca n trong chu k hot ng; c ngha l
b mt 7 ca mi u ht ny tip xc trc tip vi t tin u tin trong b tin 1 v c lc
ht t ngun ht i qua bm P v c cu lc bi F, ca ht 29, rnh 16, v sau i qua dc
trc ca u ht qua l 20 v ca 8.

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HNH 2.10. V TR TIP THEO CA T TIN

Khi a quay 4 quay ngc chiu kim ng h, t tin dnh cht vi u ht nh lc ht
s c nhc ra khi b tin, ngay lp tc, ca ht 29 v ca cm nhn p sut 30 s thng
vi cng tc cm bin p sut S. Khi ca cm nhn p sut hon ton kt ni vi cng tc S
nh hnh 3, p lc do p sut sinh ra s tc ng ln hp mng n hi 55, ng cng tc 59
v do kch hot b m C.

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HNH 2.11. V TR HON THNH MT CHU TRNH

u ht mang t tin tip tc quay, rnh 16 lc ny khng thng vi ca cm nhn p
sut 30 na m thng vi ca x 31, c p sut bng vi p sut khng kh. Do , t tin
khng cn c ht na nn c th ra v mng n hi tr v trng thi cn bng nh
hnh 4. Trn hnh 4, rnh 16 lc ny hon ton thng vi ca x 31, ca 32 do p sut
trong rnh 16 v ca ht 8 bng vi p sut khng kh. Sau khi t tin c th ra, t tin s
khng th t ng quay tr li b tin 1 m n s c gi li ti v tr sau cng 1A trnh
hin tng mt t tin c m 2 ln.

2.1.2. Phng n 2:
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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Nh trnh by v loi cm bin Cm bin p sut mng phn hi tn hiu t tin
trn. Th di y cng l mt ci tin trong vic s dng cm bin l cm bin quang
( Optical sensor) .
Nguyn l hot ng : Khi 1 t tin sau khi c ht v nh ra khi u ht 4, th s i
vo vng m tia sng s pht t u pht 5 i qua t tin v b khc x n u thu 6.
Khi u thu 6 nhn c tn hiu th n s to ra mt xung kch cho b m.

HNH 2.12. NGUYN L M S DNG CM BIN QUANG

C cu 11 gip t tin lun thng ng u thu 6 c th nhn c tn hiu t u pht
5 khi t tin c ht v nh ra.
2.1.3. Phng n 3:
C cu m c thit k nh sau: trn chu vi a quay, ta thit k cc 5 khi nh bng
kim loi li ra khi chu vi ca a quay, nm cch u nhau mt gc 720. v tr vung gc
vi v tr m, ngi ta s b tr mt cm bin tim cn. Trong khong thi gian t tin c
ht th cng lc khi li s i ngang qua cm bin tim cn, to ra 1 tn hiu in. C
mi ln nh vy cm bin tim cn s to ra 1 xung kch cho mch m.
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HNH 2.13. NGUYN L S DNG CM BIN TIM CN

2.2.

CHN PHNG N THIT K

Ba phng n u s dng c cu gic ht ( l nhng.nh ngha) ln lt tch cc
t tin ra khi b tin. cc gic ht ny uc phn b u tren mt a trn, dn ng bi ai
thang, lm a quay theo chiu kim ng h. Pha di a l h thng bnh rng n khp
trong tng ng vi mi gic ht phn b trn a. H thng ny lm mi gic ht quay

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ngc chiu vi chiu quay ca a, s ht ln lt tng t tin trong b, m khng rt hn
cc t tin ra khi b.
Phng n 1:m bo chnh xc cao, ch khi no gic ht ht c t tin th b
m mi c kch hot. Tuy nhin cn phi lu n vt liu ca mng n hi v
yu cu ca my phi hot ng vi tn s cao, nn tui th my s gim, cn phi
bo tr thng xuyn. Thm vo , vi loi ny th kt cu h thng cc ng ht
thit k rt kh, cn chnh xc cao.
Phng n 2: Kt cu my n gin, chnh xc. Tuy nhin n ch s dng c vi
cc loi tin polime c tnh phn x cao, cn i vi cc loi tin giy th kh m
bo tnh khc x. Vic xc nh v tr phn x cn phi chnh xc, do cn phi
iu chnh v tr u cm bin quang pht ra v u thu nhn tn hiu.
Phng n 3: s dng nguyn l cm bin tip cn, kt cu n gian. Khng phn
bit loi tin. Tui th cao do khng tip xc. Tn hiu n nh. Gi thnh cm bin
tim cn loi in cm kh r.
Tng hp ba phng n trn ta thy rng phng n 3 mng li hiu qu v nng sut, p
ng yu cu v k thut v kinh t. Nhm quyt nh chn phng n 3 cho vic thit k.

PHN 3

THIT K S B
3.1.

CC B PHN CA MY.

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M hnh chung ca my

HNH 3.1. KT CU CC B PHN CA MY

Ghi ch:
1.Trc cha u ht.
2.u ht.
3. Vt c nh trc chnh.
4. Trc chnh.
5. a quay chnh.
6. u nhn bit v tr.
7. Cm bin tim cn.
8. ai c M16.

9. My ht chn khng.
10. Bulong M6
11. ng dn kh.
12. L thng vi khng kh bn ngoi.
13. ng ng dn kh ln cc u
ht.
14. L ht.

3.2. NNG SUT LM VIC:

Nng sut m ca my l 100 t trong vng 4s.
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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Gi s 1 vng quay my m c 5 t tin (a quay gm c 5 ng ht). Do 100 tin
th cn 20 vng vn tc ca a quay cn thit

n1 =

20
60 = 300 ( v / p)
4

Vy vn tc n1=300 (vng/pht)
-----------------------------

PHN 4

TNH TON NG HC V NG LC HC
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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4.1. TNH TON V THIT K NG HC.

4.1.1. Ni dung thit k ng hc.
ng hc my l bao gm cc chuyn ng v s phi hp gia cc chuyn ng to
ra tc , chiu quay nh mong mun
i vi my m tin th vic lm u tin l chng ta phi tch ring l tng t tin ra
sau m, do phi c c cu tch bng lc ht kt hp vi chiu quay ca trc ht.
to ra c chiu quay nh mong mun th phi c h thng truyn ng : ai, hp gim tc
t ng c n c cu v b bnh rng hnh tinh to chiu quay nh mong mun.
Nh vy ta s phi tnh ton t s truyn cho cc h thng truyn ng m bo chiu
quay theo nh thit k v m bo tc theo yu cu
Vic nghin cu cc nguyn l truyn chuyn ng chn cc b truyn ph hp cho
tng giai on, tng v tr khc nhau va m bo truyn c chuyn ng v momen xon
va m bo kch thc nh gn kinh t.
4.1.2. S nguyn l.
Trc tin l hnh th hin c cu truyn ng ti b phn cng tc
ng c quay s truyn chuyn ng qua b truyn ai cung cp chuyn ng cho a
ln s 2, trn a ln s 2 s mang cc trc ht tch cc t tin , vic tch cc t tin s
c th hin r hn cc hnh 4.2, 4.3(2) v 4.3(3) bn di.

HNH 4.1. S NGUYN L CA MY

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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HNH 4.2. M T NGUYN L HT V TCH T TIN

M t s v nguyn l : a s 2 v trc ht 2 phi quay ngc chiu nhau tc l a s 5
quay ngc chiu kim ng h v trc ht 2 quay cng chiu kim ng h . Ti sao li nh
vy ? Cu tr li l cho mt ht ca trc ht lun c th hut c tin ti v tr nh trc
ht a. Khi trc ht quay ti v tr nm ngang ging nh v tr ca trc ht a th trc ht s
c cung cp lc ht nh p sut chn khng v thng qua b phn ng ht s 5. Do a
ln s 5 v trc ht 1 quay ngc chiu nhau nn sau mt khong thi gian ngn th trc ht
a s ging nh Hnh 4.3.1

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(1)

(2)

HNH 4.3. CC V TR CA T TIN

Hnh 4.3.1 cho thy lc ny tm ca trc ht a s quay i c 1 gc so vi tm ca a 5
v ng thi tin vn cn dnh trn trc ht a. Khi trc ht a v tr ging nh hnh 4.3.2,
tc l ng ng ht ca trc a v trc b thng vi nhau va thng vi khng kh, tc lc ny
p sut ht s b cn bng vi p sut kh quyn do lc ny lc ht trn t tin s
khng cn v n s b tch ra khi trc ht.
Tip tc trc ht e s lp li qu trnh ging nh trc ht a

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4.1.3. S ng hc.
u ht
B truyn ai

Bnh rng nh

Bnh rng ln ng yn
ng c
HNH 4.4. S NG HC
4.1.4. Tnh ton vn tc v t s truyn:
T s nguyn l ta thy rng, vn tc quay ca u ht phi ln gp 2 ln vn tc quay
ca a quay. Do ta cn phn phi t s truyn t c vn tc yu cu.
Ta c O v A l 2 im ng yn, O thuc trc chnh, A im thuc bnh rng c inh.
Vn tc quay n2 l do vn tc quay n1 lm cho im B c vn tc di VB/O, do cc rng ca
bnh rng nh n khp vi bnh rng ln c nh, do n s lm cho im A c vn tc
tng i vi im B l

r
r
VA/ B = VB / O

, nh vy bnh rng nh s quay vi 1 vn tc n 2

ngc chiu vi n1.

Ta chn bnh rng nh c s rng z 2=16 rng, v bnh rng ngoi z1=48 rng, c 2 u c
module m=2.
Ta c cng thc tnh h vi sai sau:

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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i12c =

0 nc
Z
16
= ( 1)0 2 =
n2 nc
Z1 48

nc = n1 = 300 (v / p ) n2 = 2n1 = 600 (v / p )

u ht

Bnh rng nh Z2

Bnh rng ln c nh Z1

VA / B
A

n2

n1

VB / O

HNH 4.5. S NG HC

Kt lun:

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n1 = 300(v/ p)

n2 = 600(v/ p)

nhra
ngnhoda1 = 32mm,Z1 = 16ra
ng, m1 = 2
Ba
Ba
ngl
nd a2 = 96mm, Z 2 = 48ra
ng,m2 = 2
nhra
Chn t s truyn ca b truyn ai l u = 4
Tc s b trc ng c s l : ndc= 300.4 = 1200(v/p)
4.1.4. HOT NG CA MY:
Qua trnh tch cc t tin l 1 s hot ng ng b gia s vng quay ca a quay n 1, s
vng quay ca u ht n2 v cch b tr ca u ht. S vng quay n1, n2 c c l do c
cu bnh rng hnh tinh. Nh s b tr hp l v tr ca 5 u ht to ra s thng nht n
nh trong vic tch v m cc t tin. Cc gic ht ny quay tng i vi a quay vi
chiu ngc li. Khi a quay quay, vi lc ht chn khng, cc gic ht vi chiu quay
ngc li s ht ln lt tng t tin, b cong chng v ln lt a qua cc c cu m t
ng.
4.2. TNH TON NG LC HC V CHN NG C
4.2.1. CM HT
ht c t tin th cn 1 p sut chn khng ht. Vn tnh ton p sut chn
khng rt kho khn trn l thuyt. Do lc ht cn thit chu nh hng ca nhiu yu t,
n bao gm:
Lc ma st gia cc t tin.
Lc dnh t gia 2 t tin do m ca khng kh.
Nhit khng kh.
Loi tin: tin giy, polime
Do vic tnh ton chu nhiu yu t nh hng nn vn ci t p sut chn khng
c thc hin trn thc nghim. Ta iu chnh valve chn khng iu chnh lc ht.
Nhm tham kho 1 s bi bo v patent trn th gii, th lc ht ht t tin giy
loi Polime nm trong khong t 495mmHg n 609.6mmHg. Khi s dng th gi tr ny
s c iu chnh li lc ht ny ln nht.
MY HT CHN KHNG
Yu cu:
Cng sut: 70W
in p: Xoay chiu 1 pha, 220V AC
p sut chn khng: 31 mbar (29Hg)
p lc nn: 50 psi (3.5 bar)
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Khng s dng du:
n: Thp nht ti 8 dB
Chn la:
BNG 4.1. MY HT LOI GAST - Diaphragm model DOA - P504 BN

Chn loi: MAA(AC)

Cng sut (W)
MAA(AC)

50Hz
70

60Hz
90

Lu lng kh
(l/min)
50Hz
60Hz
40
45

p sut
MAX(bar)

4.2.1. TNH CHN NG C.

Yu cu:
ng c DC khng chi than.
Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

3.5

chn khng MAX

mbar
48

Hg
28.5

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Khi lng nh, kch thc nh.
c tnh c: S vng quay khng i, c lp vi moment xonChnh xc khi m
tin.
Chn la:
Chn ng c cng sut 100w.

BNG 4.2. BNG CHN NG C BRUSHLESS

4.2. NGUYN L M TIN.

4.3.1 Cm bin tim cn:
Cm bin tim cn bao gm tt c cc loi cm bin pht hin vt th khng cn tip xc
nh cng tc hnh trnh m da trn nhng mi quan h vt l gia cm bin v vt th cn
pht hin. Cm bin tim cn chuyn i tn hiu v s chuyn ng hoc xut hin ca vt
th thnh tn hiu in. C 3 h thng pht hin thc hin cng vic chuyn i ny: h
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thng s dng dng in xoy c pht ra trong vt th kim loi nh hin tng cm ng
in t, h thng s dng s thay i in dung khi n gn vt th cn pht hin, h thng
s dng nam chm v h thng chuyn mch cng t.
Nguyn l ca cm bin tim cn:
Cm bin tim cn dng pht hin vt th kim loi t tnh, kim loi khng t tnh (nh
Nhm, ng..) s dng cm bin loi in cm (Inductivity Proximity Sensor) v pht hin
vt phi kim s dng loi cm bin tim cn kiu in dung (Capacitve Proximity Sensor).
ng thi c sn Model p ng c hu ht cc iu kin mi trng lp t: nhit
cao, nhit thp, chng nc, chng ha cht
Nguyn l hot ng:
Cm bin tim cn kiu in cm:

HNH 4.6. NGUYN L CM BIN TIM CN DNG IN CM

Cm bin tim cn kiu in cm pht hin s suy gim t tnh do dng in xoy sinh
ra trn b mt vt dn do t trng ngoi. Trng in t xoay chiu sinh ra trn cun dy
v thay i tr khng ph thuc vo dng in xoy trn b mt vt th kim loi c pht
hin.
Mt phng php khc pht hin vt th bng nhm nh pht hin pha ca tn s.
Tt c cc cm bin pht hin kim loi u s dng cun dy pht hin s thay i in
cm. Ngoi ra cn c loi cm bin p ng xung, loi ny pht ra dng in xoy di
dng xung v pht hin s ln thay i dng in xoy vi in p sinh ra trn cun dy.
Vt th cn pht hin v cm bin khi tin gn nhau ging nh hin tng cm ng
in t trong my bin p.
Cm bin loi in dung:

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HNH 4.7. NGUYN L CM BIN TIM CN DNG IN CM

Cm bin tim cn kiu in dung pht hin s thay i in dung gia cm bin v
i tng cn pht hin. Gi tr in dung ph thuc vo kch thc v khong cch ca i
tng. Mt cm bin tim cn in dung thng thng tng t nh t in vi 2 bn in
cc song song, v in dung thay i gia 2 bn cc s c pht hin. Mt tm in
cc l i tng cn pht hin v mt tm kia l b mt ca cm bin. i tng c th
c pht hin ph thuc vo gi tr in mi ca chng.
CHN CM BIN TIM CN:
Cm bin tim cn loi in cm: pht hin cc u nh ra bng kim loi

BNG 4.3. CC LOI CM BIN TIM CN DNG IN CM

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Chn model E2E ca hng OMRON, loi DC 3 dy ni thng loi E2E-X5E1

4.3.1. Nguyn l hot ng mch m:
Qu trnh m tin c thc hin nh sau:
Ti thi im ban u, my s kim tra trng thi ng yn ca ng c v trng thi
ng ca valve chn khng.
Sau khi ta thit lp s tin cn m, nhn nt ON bt u m. Tuy nhin my s kim
tra v tr HOME (u nhn bit trn a nm trng vi v tr cm bin tim cn), nu khng
nm v tr HOME, mt Relay thi gian s lm tr qu trnh m, thay vo ng c s
quay chm n ng v tr HOME.
Khi ng v tr HOME, Motor s c kch quay vi tc thit k, ng thi
s m Valve ht chn khng, qu trnh m thc s bt u.
Khi cm bin nhn c 1 tn hiu th n s to ra 1 xung kch mch m ln 1 n v.
Khi s tin cn m hoc khay m tin ht tin th motor s dng v ng Valve
chn khng.

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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START

Motor ng yn
Valve chn khng ng

Nhn ON

NO

YES

SET HOME

Tn hiu
Sensor?
YES

Motor quay
Bt Valve chn khng

NO

Tn hiu
Sensor?
YES

NO

s
lng?

YES

Dng Motor
ng Valve
chn khng

HNH 4.8. S NGUYN L M

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PHN 5

QUI TRNH VN HNH, HNG DN S DNG, BO TR

5.1.

QUI TRNH VN HNH

My m tin t ng c qu trnh iu khin kh d dng. Nhng my hot ng mt

cch chnh xc, an ton, khng gy h hi, rch trc b mt tin, nng cao tui th v bn
ca myyu cu ngi s dng v ngi bo tr my phi thc hin ng cc quy nh
sau:
i vi ngi s dng:
My phi c t ni bng phng, khng rung ng trong qu trnh lm vic.
Mi trng lm vic khng c nhiu bi.
Ngi s dng phi thc hin ng quy trnh vn hnh my.
Khng t iu chnh my.
Reset my v 0 khi bt u chy my.
Khng a tay vo vng hot ng ca my khi my ang chy.
Cc thao tc iu chnh my nn c thc hin khi my dng.
Khi my bi kt th phi nhn nt dng my ngay lp tc trnh h hng.
c k hng dn trc khi s dng my.
i vi nhn vin bo tr:
Thc hin ng cc quy nh v chm sc k thut v bo tr my.
Thc hin bo tr nh k 6thng/ln.
Trong qu trnh bo tr:
+ Thc hin y vic bi trn, xit c h thng truyn ng.
+ Khng bi trn cc gic ht trnh du vng vo tin trong qu trnh hot ng.
+ Kim tra b ht chn khng (p sut, lm sch bi cc ng ng dn trong h thng.
+ Lu : khng c du hay cht bi trn lt vo cc ng dn ny.
+ Kim tra k lng hot ng ca cm bin tim cn m bo chnh xc.
+ Kim tra tnh trng k thut ca cc thit b iu khin: nt nhn, mn hnh
+ Kim tra tnh trng dy ai truyn ng.

5.1.

HNG DN S DNG:

Ngi s dng my nn thc hin ng quy nh vn hnh my v tun th tun t theo

cc bc sau:
u tin, xem xt k lng c vt g t ln trn thng my v vng quay ca my
hay khng?
Cm in s dng my (my s dng in dn dng 220V).
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Mn hnh my hin s 0 tc l c th bt u s dng. Nu mn hnh my hin s
bt k ( ca ln m trc) th nhn nt RESET mn hnh tr v 0.
t b tin cn m vo c cu gi tin ca my. Sau , nhn nt START my
hot ng, my s t ng y b tin vo vng quay ca gic ht.
Khi m xong b tin, mn hnh hin ln s t tin trong b, ngi s dng ly b
tin ra khi my. Sau , nhn nt OFF nu khng s dng my na.
Nn thc hin vic m 2-3 ln/b m bo chnh xc trong qu trnh kim k
tin.

5.1.

BO TR:

Vic bo tr my nh k rt quan trng. N gip cho my hot ng tt hn, tng tui th

v bn ca my. Nn bo tr my ng thi gian quy nh 6 thng/ln.
Nhn vin bo tr my yu cu thc hin ng cc thao tc sau:
u tin, ngt ngun in s dng ra khi my m bo an ton.
Tho cc bulng trn hp che cc b phn bn trong, nhc hp ny ra ni xa
tm tay.
Tip , thc hin cc thao tc kim tra, lm sch, bi trn nh nu trn.
Khi my c h hng, lp tc lin h vi nhn vin bo tr sa cha, khng t m, tho
lp, iu chnh my.

PHN 6
M PHNG
M HNH TNG QUAN:
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Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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C CU A QUAY:

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 n t ng ha sn xut GVHD.TS Lu Thanh Tng

C CU BNH RNG HNH TNH.

H THNG HT:

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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 n t ng ha sn xut GVHD.TS Lu Thanh Tng

C CU GI TIN:

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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 n t ng ha sn xut GVHD.TS Lu Thanh Tng

PHN 7
TI LIU THAM KHO
[1. Trn Vn ch: T ng ha sn xut. Nh xut bn gio dc, 2003.
[2. Pattent 4385229: Sheet counting apparatus with time delay, 1983.
[3. Pattent 3983367: Sheet counting machine, 1976.
[4. Trnh Cht L Vn Uyn: Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh, tp 1. Nh xut bn

gio dc, 2003.

[5. Nguyn Hu Lc: C s thit k my. Nh xut bn i hc quc gia TP. H Ch Minh,

2004.
[6. Trn Hu Qu: V k thut c kh, tp 1 v 2. Nh xut bn gio dc, 2001.
[7. Kin Quc (ch bin): Sc bn vt liu. Nh xut bn i hc quc gia TP. H Ch

Minh, 2004.

Nhm 01 H thng m tin t ng khng m dy buc

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