Dysphagia ? Regurgitation ?

Dysphagia
Problems/ dificultty swallowing food or liquid or refers to the sensation of food being hindered in its passage from the mouth to the stomach

Act of swallowing
Oral preparation phase Oral transfer phase Pharyngeal phase Esophageal phase

 Cause of dysphagia (mechanical)

Structural defect
Typical cause more problems in swallowing solids than liquids Cause a fixed impediment to food bolus arise from narrowing within the esophagus (e.g stricture,web,tumor,etc)

Motility disorder
Motility abnormalities of the oropharynx or esophagus

Term of dysphagia Oropharingeal dysphagia -> transfer dysphagia Esophageal dysphagia -> non-transfer dysphagia Oropharyngeal dysphagia Neuromuscular diseases : Local mechanical lesions : inflamation (pharyngitis, absces,etc) neoplasma, conginetal webs, etc. Upper esophageal sphincter (UES) disorders Esophageal dysphagia Motility disorder : achalasia, scloderma, diffuse esophagea spasme Intrinsic mechanical lesions : benign stricture (peptic,radiation) carcinoma.etc Extrinsic mechanical lesions : vascukar compression, mediastinal abnormalities,etc