Da bi napravili prolo svreno vrijeme koristimo infinitiv i proli oblik (preterit) glagola.

pravilni glagoli

infinitiv work explode like

preterit worked exploded liked

past particip worked exploded liked Proli oblik svih glagola zavrava na -ed. Proli oblik nepravilnih glagola se ne tvori po nekom pravilu i ui se napamet.

nepravilni glagoli

go see sing

went saw sang

gone seen sung

Past particip nam nije potreban pri tvorbi prolog vremena.

Tvorba prolog svrenog vremena: a) potvrdna reenica: subjekat + glavni glagol u prolom obliku (preteritu) I lived in that house when I was young. (ivio sam u toj kui kada sam bio mlad) She played basketball last week. (ona je igrala koarku prole sedmice) b) odrina reenica: subjekat + preterit od "do" + not + infinitiv glavnog glagola He didn't like the movie. (nije mu se dopao film) Mary did not go to work last Monday. (Mary nije otila na posao prolog ponedjeljka) c) upitna reenica: preterit od "do"+ subjekat + infinitiv glavnog glagola Did you play tennis last week. (je si li igrao tenis prole sedmice) Did he watch TV last night. (je li gledao TV prole sedmice) Glagol did (preterit od "do") u svim licima ima isti oblik. I did not go to London. (nisam bio u Londonu) You did not go to London. He did not go to London. itd.

Glagol be nema u svim licima isti oblik, upitnu reenicu pravimo zamjenom subjekta i glagola. I, he, she, it was here. - Was I, he, she, it here? You were here. - were you here?

Ako glagol zavrava na suglasnik ispred kojeg stoji kratak naglaen vokal, krajnji samoglasnik se udvostruava: plan - planned skip - skipped Krajnje "l" se uvijek udvostruava: level - levelled call - called Ako glagol zavrava na "-y" ispred kojeg se nalazi suglasnik, taj se "y" mijenja u "i": worry - worried cry - cried Past Simple Tense (Preterite Tense) koristimo: a) da se izrazi radnja koja se desila u prolosti i potpuno zavrila pa nema nikakve veze sa sadanjou: I was in Liverpool last year. (bio sam u Liverpulu prole godine); b) da se izrazi radnja koja je trajala neko vrijeme u prolosti bez ikakve veze sa sadanjou: We went to school when we were children. (ili smo u kolu kada smo bili djeca); c) kada govorimo o stvarima koje elimo da se dogode ili bi trebalo da se dogode: It's time they were back. (vrijeme je da se vrate) I wish I had a new computer. (volio bi da imam novi kompjuter) d) u zavisnoj reenici ako je u glavnoj preterit (slaganje vremena): The policeman told me I drived to much. (policajac mi je rekao da sam previe vozio) Kada kaemo kada ili gdje se radnja dogodila, moramo koristiti past simple, a ne present perfect. to call - zvati I called (ja sam zvao) you called he, she, it called we called you called they called I didn't call you didn't call he, she, it didn't call we didn't call you didn't call they didn't call did I call? did you call? did he, she, it call? did we call? did you call? did they call?

prolo vrijeme glagola "to be" + particip prezenta glavnog glagola She was reading. (ona je itala) We were playing. (mi smo igrali) Odrini oblik se pravi dodavanjem rjeice not: She was not reading - She wasn't reading. Upitni oblik se pravi inverzijom: Was she playing? Were we playing? Nesvreni preterit se upotrebljava: da se opie pozadina, odnosno da se pred itaoce postavi scena prie pisana u prolom vremenu. Obino pria poinje nesvrenim preteritom, a zatim se nastavlja prolim vremenom, npr:

"James Bond was driving through town. It was raining. The wind was blowingwas walking in the streets. Suddenly, Bond saw the killer in a telephone box..."; hard. Nobody da se opie radnja koja je trajala do trenutka kada ju je prekinula neka druga prola radnja: I was having a beautiful dream when the alarm clock rang. (divno sam sanjao kada se alarm oglasio); I was watching TV when you telephoned. (gledao sam TV kada si nazvao)

da se izrazi promjena miljenja:

I was going to spend the day at the beach but I've decided to go on an excursion instead. (mislio sam provesti dan na plai ali sam odluio otii na ekskurziju)

za dvije radnje koje se deavaju istovremeno:

The children were playing whil their mothers were chatting. (djeca su se igrala dok njihove majke avrljale)

u zavisnoj reenici umjesto nescrenog prezenta ako je u glavnoj reenici preterit:

I knew that he was talking to her about her daughter. (znao sam da se sa njom razgovara o njenoj keri). Kod glagola koji se ne koriste u trajnom obliku upotrebljava se obini preterit >>. to call - zvati

I was calling. you were calling. he, she, it was calling we were calling you were calling they were calling

I was not calling you were not calling he, she, it wasn't calling we weren't calling you weren't calling they weren't calling

was I calling? were you calling? was he, she, it calling? were we calling? were you callingg? were they calling?

pomoni glagol "to have" + past particip glavnog glagola Present perfectom se izraava povezanost izmeu prolosti i sadanjosti, tano vrijeme deavanja radnje nije naznaeno, to znai da smo vie zainteresirani za rezultat radnje nego za samu radnju. Kada bi smo rekli kada se radnja odvija morali bismo upotrijebiti preterit (past simple tense). Present perfect se koristi: da se opie radnja ili stanje koje je poelo u prolosti i nastavlja se u sadanjosti: This website has been in existence for 8 years, 7 months, and 18 days.5 years, 5 months, and 7 days. (ova stranica postoji ve...);

I have lived in Sarajevo since 1970. (ivim u Sarajevu od 1970-te, i jo uvijek ivim);

da se izrazi radnja koja je zavrena u vremenskom periodu koji jo traje: I have been to Zagreb this week. (ove nedjelje sam putovao u Zagreb, sedmica jo nije zavrena); da se oznai radnja koja je zavrena nekad u prolosti, ali je rezultat radnje vaan: I have buoght a car. (kupio sam auto, vano je da je auto kupljen, nije bitno kada); uz priloge koji oznaavaju neprekidan razmak vremena: ever, never, yet, already, since, for: Have you ever been to Bosnia? (jeste li ikada bili u Bosni?);

da se izrazi radnja koja se upravo dogodila (uz priloge "just'' ili ''just now''): The guests have just entered the hall. (gosti su upravo uli u dvoranu).

Amerikanci ne koriste present perfect toliko kao Britanci. Amerikanci ee upotrebljavaju past tense umjesto present perfect-a. Amerikanac bi rekao: "Did you have lunch?", dok bi Britanac rekao: "Have you had lunch?".

to call - zvati I have called (ja sam zvao) I haven't called have I called?

you have called he, she, it has called we have called you have called they have called

you haven't called he, she, it hasn't called we haven't called you haven't called they haven't called

have you called? have he, she, it called? have we called? have you called? have they called?