You are on page 1of 80

2

123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
M.A.,
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789
123456789012345678901234567890121234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789

ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc

~f
*u+G Ki`

(p# H*u+G q+ O@=)

uO^ O_`
` q^g} `~"^O`^s}
|N "_=~ O`=~

O$`"

K~} H~

< : 2465253

Q_ g~q <
a+~ JO_ |H ~

H@Q=O ~[=O_ 533 101

ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc

ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc

H~\]
2009
" : 120-00
ccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc

~f *u+G Ki`
^==^} : 2009 q[^q
uO^ O_`
` q^g} `~"^O`^s}
|N "_=~ O`=~, M.A.,O$`"
J=^^ (Q[~`)
" : 09998344758
D "~ Sampath2016@ yahoocom.
=Yz` :

H.a. H+<
~[=O_ 533 103.

QO^ =^} :

=s O\OQ O_OQ =~
~[=O_ 533 104.
=Yz` =^} :

D~ QH
~[=O_ 533 103.

H :

Q_ g~q <
H@Q=O ~[=O_. 533 101.

N Q~ #=

Lz`O

J=^` "#O^ ~f q

*#^H}

Lz`O

D HOk O $` QO^= "``, O $`


O_` , *u+ O_` J^ = xq`= Lz`=Q
W=|_#. D QO^= \< K |_#q. ._.
##q. H=#"~ OkOKO_.

"_=~ O` =~ 099983 44758


[##O :
3031897

=~}O :
2911998

"#O^ ~f q
''O^` H~
HjO_` *u~},
J<H ^" u x~ ` O=`~
~+ < *u+ Q~= J~#
|N PHO_ "=i ^Ou Qi
D

''~f *u+ G Ki` H=#


H = OQ =i<#

"_=~ O`=~

*u+ QO^=
14. ^=[=O
1. |$`O`
15. q" @O
2. |$*`H=
16. H~}H
(\`"M)
3. |$*`H = (<H"Y) 17. ~^O`O
18. ^O`t~=}
4. =^=#*`H=
19. H~}`=
(g#~A)

5. ~=o
"^~"^ QO^=
6. nH
20. ~ [xk
7. OH`xk
8. q^=^gO123 21. P#O^HO^O
22. ~x+`
9. =~ ~`O
23. ~OH`HoH
10. =~ ^~}O
24. `_~#O^O
11. =~ zO`=}
25. ~ ~`~H=
12. *`H t~=}
26. ~nH
13. *`H`` O

27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.

K~HO` 123
46. =~=O[i
JOQ$^O 123 47. ~=~~
HO` (q+~O) 48. =eh q[`~ `O`O
$`O`1
49. =eh q[`~ "iHO
~OQ^~ O`
50. = zO`=}
=^=x^#=
"Q= QO^=
^^O
51. ^nz O`
s`O` (1894OI) 52. =H O`123
UHH=eH
53. zO`Q=O
Q ~`=o (1909) 54. ~~"Q=O

55. q=Q=O
Hj~ t"^` QO^= 56. xHiH
36. t=^$+
57. =`OQ ~"~O
37. t=`=
58. KO^*#O
38. `a*$^O
59. =\Q=O
39. k`~
60. Q=O
40. D~ `a*
61. HqHQ=O
q=$u q=ix 123
62. "`Q=O
41. O^HiH
W`~=
42. O^ O^O
63. #`=~ O`
43. O^x~O
64. #` *fO
44. t= `=o
65. =~ `O`O
45. ~uOtH

66. =~ O`
67. <@GO 2
(Ja#=~u)
68. "K`O 1
(`~<^ `~"Ku)
69. PO^"K`O 3
70. P~=OA
N=HO 123
71. QK~q
72. J^=[OQO
73. ^#=1
74. qk=~
75. ~~= H`O1
76. ~`sH
77. ~"Y
78. |$^t
79. ~Qq^

80. t"~# KOkH


81. O^s~HO
82. H}^`O
(KO^#Ok"M)
83. Hg=O "Y
84. +`=o
85. +` ~`O_Q~O
86. K`~~ zO`=} 12
87. ^ OK^tH
88. `O`=@^xH
89. H=`O
90. ~= `O
91. |Q^= (10=O_=)
92. J^~"^= (On)
93. ~[=$QOH=(*u+O)
94. ^O (HO)
95. ~q[O (~`H~)

II t"~}= II

|aQ
1. N` "_=~ | (= ``Q~)
(ue K# `` QO^=)
2. PK~ H=} ^ "#
O $` QO^O ~f *u+ u (1990)
3. OH~ H$+ nH` ~f *u+O
4. a.q.~=< Qi, JlH "Q*#
5. ~|~ " k Dl H_ (2006) O_<
6. =^~H$+=i J<O K~1
(J#"^O) 2007
7. O $` "VO
8. WO@~ <\ HiOz# =K~=

q+ zH
*u+G qH=
@QO^=
*u+ `u
|Q^=O^ Q} =#
|Q^ *u+O
A~^ *u+=
O~=
J^~ *u+"
W`~ "^OQ= *u+O
=~` =O^ *u+=
p# ^O` OKH"
P^xH ~^O`=
= ^O`=
P^xH =t+ ^O`=
P^xH ~= ^O`=
HH | ^O`=
P~\

O
K~x n=$k^ `O`O
=~q~x, OK ^OuH
N+} q+ KO^
|Qx @ ^O`=
YO_M^H~}"
^<x c[Q}`"
=O*x |$<#O
=O*_ `# QO^=
~O_= P~@_, ''=^`=

17
21
21
33
35
37
39
39
40
42
47
54
55
56
56
57
57
58
58
59
59
61
62
63
63
64

10

$^^H_
\`_
q[#Ok ''H~}uH=
#@ ''~# `O`O
^< q
Nu
=~}K~_
[^=x ''~[=$QOH=
^|x ''H~}H= =~O_=
|^=x ''H~}H
`#O^x ''u
H~}`= H~}"
=~x ''Y~=
"~_, =^=_, ~K~_
H=O b=f Q}`=# Q "M#=
=^= i}
O` ~`=o
=H~O^
H=x ''QH`H"
Q}x ''Q ="
*#~Ax ''^O`Y~"
#$O, ~<^x ''^=O[i
<Qx ''Q ^=
=h~x ''^O` ~=
k"H~x ''=H~O^ q=~}=
x`#O^x ''~ ^O`~[=
~OQ<^_
H$+x ''H~} H=

64
65
65
65
65
66
66
66
67
67
68
68
69
69
70
72
72
72
73
73
74
74
75
75
75
76
76
77

~`HO~x ''OKOQ H`H=


[\^~x ''` H
[O_ ''^O` =\ ([Q<^ }`O)
OH~x ''H~}QO^=
=}~=_, | ^O`~=
=^~<^x ''O` ~[@<
zO`=} q~z` ''Q#O^=
~=x ''M@H$u
t=x ''uk i*`=
k#H~x ''Qq*# i}
^=_, hO|~_, q<_
^H~_
OH~ H$+x ''~f *u+=
^O` QO^=
H~} QO^=
O`O^=
<~^ O`, |$`O`
~`H=, ~`=
~[=~O_=
J^` Q~=
==~ n=
*ui^~}=
q" |$O^=#=
q" @
=~ ``=, q" @=
*ui|O^=
*u+ ^~}=
=~ =~O_=

77
77
78
81
81
81
82
82
82
82
83
84
84
85
86
88
90
91
91
91
91
92
93
93
93
94
94
94

11

`_~#O^, =~ zO`=}
=~ K_=}
=~ H^O
=~=
=~ nH=
H`, =~ Q}u
=~ O^
#~u [K~ ~^=
=~~=, ~O^=

12

94
95
95
95
95
95
96
96
96

98
99
100
101
102
102
102
103
103
103
104
104
104
105
106
106
106
107

*`H QO^=
|$`~ ~GO
$QO`, Q~ O`
=# ~G=
=}`x ~G=
r=~ ''~G=,
`K~x ''~G=
q+Qx ''~G=
^=q ''~G=
^#x ''~G=
=<~x ''~G=
^~}x ''~G=
*qx `=
^$=<_
|$*`H=
*`H=
+\ OKtH
*`H~=
~=o

*#"
Nu ''*`H^u
=$^*`H=
~~ zO`=}
*`H i*`=
H=x ''*`H^u
*`H~}=
*`HOH~=
~~`=
`lHG=
`lH `O`~=
`lH hHO~

`O` "

<~k
~=
=}H=
H~=`"
=kH G"
~=G=
G=

107
108
108
108
108
109
109
109
110
111
111
112
112
112
113
113
113
114
115
115

134
138
148
152
155

Q^=i
|Q^ *u+=
J<O
x~# ~=f #H`^$==
J<O#, "^\ H#Q#k Dl"~?
KO^i x~Oz#k

~f *u+G Ki`

13

~f

*u+ G Ki`
O $` "OQO, q"OQ =^O t~
#= ##k. =# O $`= x q+= =~+
# =. ~f q^ =Y=Q ~q^. J~q^x
~O_ q^=Q ##q. ^~~H= "H=< K`i^
~~=, ^~= |kq+=, ^k"HH}`=,
J~= s~ q+ =, ==~H} = H== =<q+ =,
QH}="H= P`q+=, K~= ^Y x=$uH}=.
W=x =#=Q =#=_ qOKe. ''H H
#~ [# Jx P~H. "H= ` qye# =_O\
XH ^xO^ ~H HeyO_~^.
^~ `" # ^# O^#, J\ ^# =` Q=, Qq~H
=# JO`= "H= OK#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

14

~f *u+G Ki`

"^=# Q P~ JOQ= ''*u+G= <`


#= =OKK#k. "H~}
= =Y=, KO ^ ^=,
''~Ok }O ##O ^#O Jx KC@K, Jx WOk
= <`= ^#"#@Q Jx G=# ''*u+
G= ZO` Qk.
Jiq`" # QQ# =O_=#O^ Q H `*= aO|
= H q+Q ''*u |= K K |_K#q. ZC _
UH~ =Q <O_#q #H `=x, uk#= a# a#Q` #
O^ "xx Q =x K |_K#q. g\ _ Hx J=$`
=H~}
= Qq, Hx q+=H~}
= Qq H=. Hx
L`H=. Hx L ^~#=.
D q^=Q #H` Q`~Hk *u O_= uQu
"^# =iOK G" ''*u+G=.
*uO+ JOu, q"Kh `# Wu `^k H$`H$` QO^
*u+ ~ ^O`k.
*u J#Q `[ WO^, ^ g\H Q= H#H
^x <^~=Q K|_# QO^= *u+=. ~^O`=
"II nxx J#Q D G=# Kkq#"_ ^ `e#"_
''*u+H ^ ''*u+ (J}`O).
D G=#O^ "^\ QO^= ''Q^=i ~zOz#
''"^OQ *u+= D G=# =~ Q ~k J^
|+ iO|_K<~. Q^x =@ P~@
|Q =~q~ Nu ~K~ =h~
*#~[ H=H~@ =Y=Q iO|_K<~.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

15

#g# hO|~ ^= ^H~ OH~ H$+


nH` =>~ =O[ H`~ P "II"~ =Y.
D G= ^O` O` ~ Jx =_ O^=
Q qlO|_#k. H#H< nxx ''uO^ *u+"
Jx ==~= H^.
WO^ ^O` O^=# Q}`=x _ ==i_.
Wk =~ 1 QQ}`=, 2 \Q}`=, 3 c[Q}`=
Jx =_ q^= . g\H | =t+_ =_ ~_
=~Q iO|_K<~.
J#O`~= P~@ |Q =~q~ ~
K~ H=H~ @ "II q=iOK~.
p#"#k
~^O`=
P~@_ ~zOz#k
P~\ O
|Qxk
|@ ^O`=
=~q~_ ~zOz#k OK ^OuH
~K~_ ~zOz#k ^O` t~=}
H=H~@ ~zOz#k ^O` `` q"H=
WH O`O^= =~k HKH= q=iO
|_#. ~` H <~^ O` `= aOK
K#q. WOH# J=k` p# O` Z< Q=. WO^
=~q~_ "# ''|$`O` 108 J^=
=}H=Q ##k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

16

~f *u+G Ki`

WH =_= O^"# ~O^= *`H `[H


^=Q ~O_ q^=. W^ e` *u+=# ~`
H= Mu Ok#k. =~q~x |$*`H=
hHO~x `lH hHO~ =}H=.
~G= H L Q= |=Y=Q #O_@K
Z= P^~} Hey#k. Q= H J=Q`k
x~=K, H~O^# xq`"# =~^ q=iOK@,
e`= KC@ Wk `H x^~#=Q ##k.
G ^$ ==~ ^$ _ Wk |=Y=Q
L Q_ @K "^O`= PiO\ =~# #= Ok#^x
''Q^=i W@ K<_.

II ^tM =~}O
<Q<O =} ^
`^^^OQ }O
*u+O =i O`"II
WK@ *u+ G= <Q=}`#, =~tY`#
L=#= KC @=#, *u+G Jk^= ` ''|}qQ
=#O QiOK=K#. Wk O^=Q =KK#k.
|}# =# q +*#=, *u+G g}=
HQ#. Q= H *# "~Q H~_# H`", D
*#=# HeyOK#. ~^ O Q }= =~* #=
kH*#= uk"~k *#= *u+G= =#<
`e|_#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

17

H#H< ~ KO^ D *#=# `HQ


W@ K|_<~.

II `HO *u+O GO KO^~ `H}


Q}q+O#, Q` q+O#, q
~, K#, JHK #= q+ =#, q #Oz Q =
^~O q+=# D G=#O^ =oH ^O`=#q.
<\ p# Q}` = <\ < J#|_ YQk q=~=
` i=K#k.

*u+G qH=
l* J#Q `H"< HiH. W^ *#=# Pq+
iOK#. Q#H` q+H l* *u+G Pq~==
# `"#k.
D *u+G qH= "^H=# ~= "^
O`H= "^OQ ~K< H= ^O` H= P^ xH
H= Jx qlO=K#.
Q^ x "^OQ *u+= "^Hx P~@ x P~\

~K< H= =~ PkH=x K=K#.
hO|~x K uH}Q}`=, ^=x ~ uH}
qu H= #O_ P^xHH=x K=K#.
=~q~x (H.. 600) =# ==#k. "ix
|+`Q qOK_. `lHO =# G=#@
O^= ^.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

18

~f *u+G Ki`

"^= [= H~ =$u Hq. [= H#


~=Q K=#. J\ H= *u+G= =#<
`e|_#.

II "^ *~=a=$`
H#~ q` * I
`k^O Hq^#GO
*u+O "^ "^ *<II
HO^~ ^O` O` ~Q= =i ~O_
J^#=Q Ki (1 H~o, 2 #=) OKO^ `=Q
KCK<~. Wk JO` K~= ^.

II OKO^q^O GO ~Q}` O` I
H~o #= O=^Ou =h+}II
^O` Q=#H ''`O`O Jx =~H ~ H^. D
`O`= QQux q=iOK#. =^Qu uk #H`K^=
@Qu. u= KO^~Q}=, L^=#=
$OQ#u =Q== `~OQ Q= `O`=#O^
KiOz x~iOK|_#.
`\ "^Hx O`H= =~ QK~=
Q}OK|_#. ijeOK@ Hx O` x~}= _
K|_#. g\x D H= q=iOK~.

II `$\k O`HQ}< =# ^H=


K~ ^+^Ok^ KQ}`O ^ `~ I
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

19

k+ QO` H^#O O`k `K`


''^O` L^$`7` Q}`O^ |O^|^II
WH ~O^= #O^ ~t ^ = Q x P^#O
[# #H`O O=`~O =O QuO
Q ^$+ O Ji+q K~O P~ O ~[Q= "II
q=iOK|_#.
WH O` O^=#O^ W`~ ~O_ O^= OH
q+ =`@, O=`~ `O =~ O Q Q` =#
q Oq OK i}== `HK H "\ e `=
=~H$`= O@ =~^, HO= _Q@
=$H~^= #qK~= uk e`= "II J<H
q+= q=iOK|_#.
^O` O^ QO^= P~@x ''P~\"
"@"^\ HH QO^=.
~ O^= =~q~x ''|$*`H" "^\
HH QO^=.
O` O^= _ =~q~x ''|$`O`
"^\ QO^=.
WH ~^O` <~^ O` H O` "II
QO^= |+H=Q P~=.

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

20

~f *u+G Ki`

^O` O^= O` O^= ~O^=


~^O`=
P~\ =
t+n=$k^ `O`O
OK ^OuH
@ ^O`O
~[=$QOH=
^O` Y~=
H~}H
u
^O` t~=}
^O` ^~}=
Q==

Q~ O`
|$*`H=
=t+ O`
~~`=
$QO`
*`Hi*`=
H O`
`lH hHOs
<~^ O`
=`=
|$`O`
*`HOH~=
~i
*`H ^u
~=o
"II
~= #=~`=
=~=~O_=
=~ zO`=}
#~u[K~
~^=

^O``` q"H=
\Q}`=#O^
b=u
c[Q}`=#O^
K uH}Q}`=
~ uH}qu
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

21

@QO^=
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Q}H`~Oy}
~f *u+O
~f *u+u
O^Q}` u
~f *u+O
O $` u

^H~_
OH~ H$+ nH`
Q~H^
Q~H
<qKO^
|^=

*u+ `u
[^# xq`= K` ~Y | D *u+ G=#
=O^Q <~^ xH L^t OK#. HO^~ D G=# ~_
=~xH kOK#x KCK<~.
''H O` ##iOz *u+G =~ 18 =Ok
H~, "~.

II ~ `= " =t7u ~~
H <~^ Q~ =sz~# ~Oy~ I
~" e= K=< =<$Q
#H7^` *u G=~H II
''~~ O` O^ P H== W@#k.

22

~f *u+G Ki`

=#~K~ e #HOy~
Q~ =sz i`` * *u =~HII
''|$`O` O^ =~q~_@ LdOK#.

II =xq~z` q^qu z~O`#O


^# =#[Qk`"
`~ H~^ ^=O`H H qHII
"^= O^ k"~`=, Q=, |~ q^=
Q< $+Oz#@#k.

{ ~KO^ = ^` ^~=H` I
k=OK $kgOKO`iH =^ II

|Q^=#O^
^"<O ~ Q 7` ^*`
^"<O Q ^"7` ^*`II Jx H^.
10222

A~^=#O^
JO`iH=O^ Q, "=, =~= =iOK|_#q.
#" ~^ kq O =~ q+= 1664
#" ~^ O`iH O"` W+= 1665

`^ }=#O^

II q$H <~^ " =t7u~~


= =< ~ K=# H $QI

''W= " H ~` OKq= = H~` OK` W`


" J=~ O ~ ` OKu ^ =O 7 =` =$+~ = u `==
` =$+O `k= JO`~} *O` 74221

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

23

Q|= Hq+ "KH=Q K|_#k. ^=QO


=#+Q ^= _ q=iOK|_#k.
''uQO ~ Jx K |_#K@ Q| = ` ``
^~Q~ ^H= =`".
"[< O` O^
''JH~* H`=O H$`k #=^~O `` He#O
^~Pk He#O .....1 30/18.
S`~ }=#O^ 4 Q= Qi W@#k

II He <=u O[# ^~
Lu+O` =u H$`O O^` K~<II
K~"u K~"u 33 15
XH =$`=x 360 _w qQO, ~_ ~A XH
_w (XH Q) KC#, OKiOz O=`~H= 360 ~A
XH =$`~ Q}=# K\ =K#.
W\ 360 ~A ~u Q Jx q|lOz# 3602
720 =K#. W^ ''|Q^= 12 J~ Q KH=. (12
< H=)Q =iOK|_#k. JO^ 720 ` H~@.

|H ^^~O `[~ =~u KHO i^=$` I


P ` JQ q^< J``x qOu `
116411
Dq^=Q O=`~= |`= < Q
~u, Qi "^=O^, }=O^ J<H =~# H=.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

24

~f *u+G Ki`

"^H=#O^ 12 <` _# 360 ~A Q ''~


=~= ==~= LO_k. < =`= KO^=#=Q<
QOK"~. KO^_ XH~t O^ 21/2 ~A OKi_.
KO^ O=`~= 354 ~A.
6 |`= XH iH=}= [~Q@ 365 ~A
@#. JO^=# ~O =`~= 365 ~A, KO^ O=`~
= 354 ~A [~Q#.
"^=O^ JkH== Qi O~ JOu |=
yO|_#q.
XH == H"#_ ~O_ JkH== =K#.
JO^ " ^ \ k O ~ =x, ~ O_ = k JO u Jx
==iOK"~.
'JOHOu ~k OHOf O~Of =II
OH~ H$+nH`. KO^ ~ O=`~= HO_
=#=~= _ ==~= LO_^x x~OK~. =#
|= =# ([=) O|O^"#k.
~^=#O_ =~ ~^= H= =~
Q == ''=#k#= J#|_#. JO^=# =#
|= J~`HH=QK#k.
=# O=`~=#O^ 360 k#=O_#.
''` f} K `x ++ f=f O=`~ ~`
``s O` 751
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

25

Hx, KO^=#=#O^ < 291/2 ~A ~ O_ <


59 ~A LO_#. =# =^ =#O^ 60 ~AO_#.
g\ gH~}= H~ 1 O=`~= =K 6 ~A @#
L`~qkQ ''J#`= K^~. H#H< "kH H=O^
=# KO^ ~ O=`~= ==iO|_=x
KQ=.
*k H~=
=# O=`~=
x`<quH H~= KO^=#=
W`~ ==~= ~=#=
"^H =#O^ =iOK"~. #H ` ~ ` =#=
Qi Ug K|_^x HO^i JaO. Hx

''#H`} O=`~ u
``s }O 311113
Jx K|_@K #H` O=`~= _ ==iO
|_^x `eK#k.
#H`= 27, nxx 12 K Q}OKQ #H` O=`~=
#O^ 324 ~A U~_#. Jal`# H Oz 28 #H `=Q
HOz# 336 ~A U~_#.
~_ q+=$`= # L`~ = Q L#C_ L`~ }=,
^H} =Q ##_ ^H} #= J#|_#. ` ^ }#
~= L`~ }=#O^ =O` w+ =~ |`= Oq O
K#. ^H}#=#O^ ~` =O` t~ |`=
U~_#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

26

~f *u+G Ki`

` = L`~ }=#O^ t~ =O` w+ |`=


OqOKK#q. ^H}#=#O^ =~ ~` =O`=
U~_K#q.
"kH `=O^ J# i=~#= Qi +=Q
K |_^ . `` s }#~=Q L`~ h O=`~=
# =Y=x, ~ x K= x K |_#k. ` ^ }=
#O^
''U " O=`~ ^= ~u~` h ~=
(6218) Jx L#k. =O` |`= ZC_ "^Q#q
+=Q ^.
=~q~_ ~q ^x #H` "=K L`~}
=x, P+ 3= ^ "=K ^H}#=x ~ Ja
=Q K#. Hx Jk O= = HH=@K, ` =#=
=H~~t ~q "= L`~} ~O=x, H~@H~t
" = K ^H} # ~O= QK#^x ''|$`O`II O^
K<_.

II P~^H} =`~=#O ~"~xO


##O H^z^^<HO ~+ I
O`= #O q` H~\^O =$Qk`#`
LH" qH$u `H sH}~HI
^~ z^ ^^7=7 O
K " x~=z~ =O_=uII
|$`O` 313
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

27

~~ `O`=O^: qkQ tt~= K |_#k. ''t


^` O`O K~` tt~ =O` O `` ~}O`O,
=^` ~~O w+, =$\ ~~` O`O, z`^
kO^O`O ~` =O` *~^ "+"O`quII
QOQ^~^, "kHQ=#O^ =$Qt~ ~q
"=K =O` |`=x, (=O` q+=` J#Q Q
~` =#=Q #O_ ~A) ~^ O^ =~t~
== L`~} ~O=x TOKK<~.
J#O`~ HG `= H$uH O^ =O` q+=`,
J#~^
O^ ~` q+=` Jx x~t OK|_#k. D q^#=
L`~ }~O= # ==< =K#. # ~=
#O_ #`# =`~= ~O=x gi P=.
=~q~x H= Jtx #H ` ~O= =O`
q+=`, z`~=O^ ~^ q+=`, L`~_ #H`=O^
L`~}= ~O= #~ #H`=O^ ^H}#=
[iQ_q.
`H= ~^ O^ =O`q+=`,
#H`=O^ ~^ q+=` ~_ O^ L`~}=,
P~O^ ^H}#= [~QK#q.
D <Q q^#=, W@ XH \ H zO|_
K#q.
~_ "tOK #H`=Q nxx `H#=#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

28

~f *u+G Ki`

J# ~OO
q+=`
"O`O ~^O L`~}O^H}#O

^=O =$Qt~ = II^ L`~x


kfO H$uH
J#~^ ^xk P~
`$fO Jtx z`
L`~_ #~
`O ~^
~_ P~
"k H `=#O^ HxK@ J~^ |`= HxK@
P~ |`= K|_~. =^"K~ O~=# _
HOz q^=Q ~<_.
|Q^=#O^ =_ |`= =O` w+ ~`
K|_~. =~HK@ =~ =O`= LdOK|_~.
W`~ "^=O^ ^~}=Q P~ |`= K|_~.
"kHQ= 12 < ~ W@#q.
9
5 #
1 =^
10
6 #
2 =^=
11 `
7 W+
3 H
12`
8 T~
4 z
JkH== =z#C_ "^\ k O~=x, ~O_=k
JOu Jx ==iOK"~.
OH~ H$+ nH` ij# "~ "^= #O^ ~
"k <== =. ~t KH= _ ~#|_^ . "~=
<== "^=O^ ~#|_^. "~|=#k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

29

|Q^=#O^

30

~f *u+G Ki`

z` H ` << =<I *uO [<


` xq`<I ~K< ~K=# #
=# H} II
3101

''Pk ` ~` *u+Ou "~" I


~ k^` k"II 8630
q+=` |=#k. Wk O=`~ =^# =K#. S`~
}=#O^

#H`= 27 Jx +=Q =^Ok# "^=O^


~#|_Ok.

''UHqO "`^~Ou q+=O`O


=^ O=`~
1818
^ " ~+ U+ q+"O ^ ^H}~U=
~~ q+=` ^`~ ~O U==`~ ~q+=`
^`~ W`KH` ...... t~ U=q+"<II
1822

"` "=< QO^~ qOu 97


#H`} `"7yt`I `x " U`x qOu
~H`} qOu qOu~ #H`} UHHO
#H ` =#u+O ` `x K K `x qOuk
+\ uO``
x...... ` ^ }O 10545

k#= S^ Q=Q, ` OQ= =^


J~ O ^ = Q, `` s }=#O^ 153
~#|_#k.
k#=#= 30= Q= ''=~O J#|_#.

f #H`=# XH L#H`= _ JO^ u


kOK|_#k.
H$uH = P J#~^ P_ q+ (^x+)
+^ (~^) J~} #H`= |=K#=#O^,
#~ x qY JH k=K# Q=
#O^O_@ =# "\ L#H` ux ^$=~KK#q.
H$uH Q U_ L#H`= ~ _, 1 JO,
2 ^, 3 x`f, 4 J
Of, 5 " Of, 6 =~
Of,
7 K}H Jx, `` s O` 4451 #O^ Ld OK|_#k.
#H `= ^=`# _ "^= ~#k. Q$`=
#O^, =~`= #O^ #H `= Q}# =}O #O_ ~OaO
K|_#k.

~=^O "= K =
|`=s~ =~ ""
O^ =K|$f =h
=~ tH#II
|Q^= 3335
``s }=#O^ =~= ~ _
K|_#q.

''z`O H`~~` ^` q` q
#=O`uI U+ U= ` =~ I U+~`
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

31

~f *u+G Ki`

#H`=#Q #H` Wu `#H`qkI H= Hxk Jx


J~= . ` ^ }=#O^ K |_#k. W^ q+ = ''Q^
}= #O^ `#H `}O #H `` O # H
Ou 318
Jx K|_#k. `O_ }= 23233#O^ ''qOu
~H`} Jx ~#|_#k.
H$uH ^=O I qM L`=OI `x ^=#H`} Jx
``s }=#O^#k. 1527 J#~^ ^=OI
J~} ~`=O I `x =#H`} "^=O^ #H`zH
W@#k.
OY ``s
1. H$uH

"`}
H$uH

H~H
H$uH

J^~ `II}O
H$uH H$uH

2.

~}

~}

~}

~}

3.

=$Qj~O

W#Q

W#H

=$Qt~ W#H

4.

P~

P~

5.

#~

#~

#~ #~ #~

6.

u+

u+

u+

u+

7.

8.

9.

<

. < ~<

10. <

LII

11.

z`

~}

L`~<

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

32

OY
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.

~f *u+G Ki`

``s
z`
u
qM
J#~^
~}
q=$`
P_
P_
..........
}
q
`a+*
+^
+^
~=f
J*
J~}

"`}
z`
x+ "
qM
J#~^
*
="
P_
P_
Jal`
}
q
`a+*
+^
+^
~=f
J*
~}

H~H
J^~ `II}O
z`
z`
z`
x
u
x
qM qM
qM
J#~^ J#~^ J#~^
*
*
~}
= =
=|i}
P_ ~_ ~_
P_ L`~_ L`~_
Jal` Jal` ...........
J` =}" }
q q q
`a+* `a+* `a+*
+^ ~+ ~+
+^ L`~+ ~+
~=f
~=f
~=f
J* J* J*
J~} ~}
J~}

"^=O^ #H`= H~= xq`= ^=


= #H`=Q ~O_Q qlO|_#q.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

33

|Q^=O^ Q} =#
|Q^=#O^ 5= =O_= 40= H= #O^ ~
Q} =# L#k.

34

~f *u+G Ki`

=O`=# Lu Q}` *u+= ^~ W


q=iOK=K.
N
Y= Log yx
Dy/dn = 1/4 = X-1

O " ~ ~#=7q^^~ I
J`=#qO^# < J=<II
WK@ ~_ ~=K PKk`_#@ K|_#k.
`O_}O 4 613
Q^ }O 819
`^ }O 5322 #O^, Q}= LY#
=#k.
H A~^=#O^ K#H# x~= H^. UHK"
u " OKK" K" #=K" ............... ` O K "
*# HO`" 1824.
XH\ =_ J~^ U_ `qk ......... =k
=_ (33) =~ H=. nxx N~[ <~} W
q=iOK~.
OY
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
=~= 0 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81
JO`~O 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17
OY 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
=~= 100 121 144 169 196 225 256 289
JO`O 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

dy2/dn2 = x (-1)n2

J^q^=Q
d2y/dn2 = (-1) (-2) (n-1)
xn
= (n-1)(-1) -n-1
xn

JO^K` n1 1 2 3 4 0 (1)
uH}qu (Trignomentry) ~MQ}`= (
)#
LyOK =$`ik (3600) D HOk =O`= ^~
`eK#k.

^^ ^=H"HO f}<x H L `zH`I


`< HO uO` # OH"i` ++~ KKII

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

35

|Q^ *u+O
|Q^ *u+=# Q^ =i ~zOK#. WO^ 36
HiH#q. g\H =H~_ ~zOz# q $` "M,
"Y aOKK#q.
"M i = O^ ''+H$` "^OQ *u+O
=" Jx L#k. D Q^_ Z=~? =H~_ Z=~?
+_ Z=~? J##k `e@^.
Q^ }`"# QO^=# +xK OkO|_#k
H=K#. ''H*#O =Hq Q^ =`# Jx ~O_=
H= K |_#k. ^H~ x "M#= _ aOK K#k.
(it+=#O^ ''|Q^ *u+= =~= K~|_
#k "_=~ O`=~)
|` J#= "II q+= KiOK|_#q.

II ^` q^ ~ KO^= =^H I
~~O ^H}~ ==} ^II

36

~f *u+G Ki`

S^ O=`~= XH Q=Q O[ K|_#k. "\


~: 1 O=`~, 2 i=`~, 3 W^=`~, 4 J#=`~
5 W^`~ L`~} ^H}#= OqOK#_
~KO^O_ #H`=, u^ W@ ~#k.
L`~} ~OO ^H}# ~OO
uk ~ #H`O
O=`~ uk ~ #H`O
KO^ #H`O
KO^ #H`O
1.O=`~ = H
_q
2. O=`~ = H
`^t
3.O=`~ = H$+
^q
4.J#=`~ =H
q
5.W^`~ = H$+
K`i

^x

^x
^x
^x

=}^ P~
^x+ q
=} P~
K`i
P~ =}^ P~
u=`
Jth =}^ P~
`^t
L`~ =}H$+ P~
h ^q

z`
.^
z`
._
~}

^x~O=#O^ ~KO^ L`~=Q KeOKK


P~=#O^ ^H}=Q KeOKK<~x ==.
nx##iOK =~q~K~ "~ |$`O`
L`~} q=~= p# q^#= q=iOz<~.
|Q^ *u+ q+= HKH x~}". WO^
Q= ~ K|_^.

D ''|Q^ "^OQ *u+ QO^= H ~K<H=


Qi ` O_` W@ q=iOK~.
1 =H=~
H.. 307 OII=
2 "|~
H.. 507
3 q\
H.. 1337
4 H|H
H.. 1417

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

37

~f *u+ QO^= Jup#"# k. D ''|Q^


*u+ QO^" J#@ O^= ^.
HIIII 1410 OII L`~}=, ^x #H`=
~O=^x, =~q~x K#"~ OH~ H$+
nH` Q}` s ` q=~OQ ~<~. H#H D "^OQ *u+=
PH= <\^x qOK=K.

A~^ *u+=
Wk _ |Q^ *u+ QO^=` i=K#k. WO^
49 H=#q. 30 H= HO` ~O`~= |Q^
*u+= #O_ QO|_#q. nx [#= _ H
KHQ}#".

II Q OK=~} H*#O KH` II

38

~f *u+G Ki`

~^=
1830
KO^H==

62
#H`^=
1835
KO^x J#= 134
~=
124
~=

67
JkH= q+= Qi

II ^#O k++~Q# O
~` ~=}"I
` H$` L*`
=^KO` Kk=HII

32

Qx~} Qi

II u`O +\ ++~|
+_ |`"7< I
=^^ ~
~`` OKQ}OQ" II
A~^ *u+O 27
O=`~=# 366 ~A, P~ |`=, ~O_
J#=, <O_ ~== JQK#q. g\x J~^
OYK Q}Oz# XH Q= J#|_#. 3665 1830 ~A.
|`= =, J#= k, ~== J~".
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

=#k# =#=O^ 62= QqQ=K qye#k uk


QK#k. J^ =#=#= OQ=K ~k#=QK#k.
~k<H uk `= }= Hk. H#H Q=^
z=~ JkH == =K#.
uk 1830
62 30
~== J~", KO^== J~"~O_, JkH
== ~ O_, =#k#= 1830, u^ 1860, H
u^
=, #H` == J~=k U_, #H`= 1809, =$^
#H`= W~=kXH\ JQK#q.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

39

O~=
"^OQ *u+=#O^ ~KO^ Qu "MxO|_
#k. JO^< =^= =#" x~tOK|_#k. +=#= H^.
=^ =<H
+ u ~xH ~ O_ JO`#, KO^xH
8 JO`# "#H =O^ JQ#. D ~O_O\ JO`~"
O~= J#|_#.
|Q^ *u+=O^ O=`~ =~ |= yO
|_#q. A+ *u+=O^ J||= _ LyO
|_#k.
HOu =$`=# Hu[OQ =" ``eH Q=#
|_#. ~^O`^O^ qH H JO ~t =$`
i^K HqQ= K|_#k.
"^OQ *u+=O^ \H k# = =~=K
HqQ= K|_#k. H~HO_ x~} D =#"
qxQ= ##k.
~O_ =#=# qH , H\H JO
k#=, ~t P==, =$`ik O=`~= (=~=)
=#" Q#.

J^~ *u+"
Wk e` *u+=# O|OkOz#k. WO^ 4 H~}
=, 162 H= Q=. Wk `= H O"^
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

40

~f *u+G Ki`

~=Q ##k. HqQ= ~^ = H~Q


#H`k LY#= H=. H~}^ q=iOK|_#q.

II uk~H Q}H #H`OK K`~}O


"~+ Q}H H~}O _x`" I
^uO^Q`~ ++ =x`
KO^ `Q}H KO^ ||" II
KO^ |" |=. KO^|= ##iOz, Q=
e`=# WK#. H$+ H=#O^ KO^|=
H}OK#.
D QO^= HO` J~p#=x K=K#. WO^ _
"k~ K|_^.

W`~ "^OQ= *u+O


W`~ "^OQ=# H "H~} x~H G=O^
OQ#~= *u+O q=iOK|_#k.
H`= O^ ''=}O ~=O =}H~
(P# Q$`O 211) Jx K|_#k.
''^$==~O^fO sxu ^$ "KO q$*` Jx Q$
`= 1722 #O^#k.
JQ^<~= Hx xi+ #H `= K |_#q. ^#
`=#O^ g#"k ~ 32 ~#|_#q. ~ ~ Q$
`=O^ ''*O H`H~}O 216 Jx q^#= K
|_#k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

41

}h "H~}=O^ OQ==#, =~H K


5188, ^=<O`K 4127.

=< ~=u 4221


eOQ K~ =iH 339
+u #H` 31116
q h =} HiH Kf 4223
#H`} H H 423
KO^ #~~ H=K#" 1261
"^#q H=.
x~H= O^ ''| +}x *fO+ 1026 Q O`
=~ |} q^, ~uO Q O`O ` ~`
q^[< 144, Jx LdOK|_#k.
~~ Q$`=O^ ''=O ^" `~
kf =` $f ^#^# K`~ H = O
}w` 121) Jx H^.
`~G= #O^
$u QO^= O^, *u+ q+ H K~ ZO` q=Q
##k. PK~^=, t` OQ= Q=#
uk "~ #H` QH~} Q=~k q=~= ~x~
q+" q $`=Q ##k.
[= $u O^ #=Q q=~} #k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

42

~f *u+G Ki`

II ~ " =` =` |$u I
H <~ ~ H`` Q $`II
[= $u 1295
HOu=$`= 12 Q=Q WO^ ~#|_#k. #H`
q+ " ''H$uHk ~ } O`" 1268 Jx H$uHkQ K |_#k.
Hx "k ~t<== WO^=.
^ q+" L`~`~ kH=Q D H= q=iOK
K#k.

II J="+H =$k H$+H7#^" I


^=O } Ou q+=` ~OH=I
=f` Q[KQ}O KO^~ II
1297,298
W^ q^=Q W`~ $u QO^=O^ =<==#
J<H *u+ q+= H=.

=~` =O^ *u+=


~=} =~`= O^ Z< *u+G q+ =
#q. ~=}=#O^ =~= K|_#q. =
~`= XH qH" J#@ O=^.
=~`= =_ ~=Q K |_K#k. XH\
[=# Wu= Wk "_ "O#xH K#k.
~ O_=k ~`O J#|_ PM#= Wk " O _ [#["xH
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

43

qxOz#k. =_=k =~`O J#~` HH=`


##k. Wk uK #Hk =~ K|_#k.
Ou ~=O^ ''O=`~H =# H^. Wk 85
OII HHi OqOK#.

II J^ O=`~}OK =<OK HO`^ I


HHO `^ ^$ k#<OK OH"II
Ou~O 30146
= ~`=O^ "k ~tqk HOu =$`= 12
Q=Q Q` =. 12 OII ^u ==~=
LO__^x HO^~ i^OKK<~. Wk Q~Q
OK~=K `e^Q#.
+Qu H *#= x^ H= x~= K^.
^=H` L` = q=~=#q.
=^= H P@@ KO^xH Q O|O^=,
q =~ `=, $+ Q= KO^x J^$`= =iOK
|_~.
=~`= #O^ O`O^ q+= Z=Q ~#
|_#q.

` "~` ~ ` H` [
Ou~O 10020
J^+Q= uKO^= I
}O H$O Q$}^ ~" II
Pk~O 1985
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

44

~f *u+G Ki`

J# O=`~O *` O_" ~`= I


O_` =~[O` OKO=`~ W= II
Pk~O 13424
5 OII ~O_ JkH== "^OQ *u+= s`
=K#. ^x q=~} q~@~= 523, W L#k.

II `O Hu~H} *uOK =uH=`


OK" OK" =~ ^== *`II
U =kH = OK K^^H
`^<O =~}O Wu" =~` =uII
k+~x [# =~=

II SO^ KO^=~ =~ al^+"


k" =^Q` ~ u^ ~ul`II
Pk~O 1236
Q= =~`=, "\ = W
K|_~.

II *`O #H`O Q H =^u I


<~ _u _< }< kH" II
H$`KOQ~H =HO *O =^^#
J#~^O~` "`O OQ=x=II
##O =^O H$+ ~}O =`"
q+} =~ z`O _` QI
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

45

46

~f *u+G Ki`

= H "=$`O ~~~=uK
k=~ `O`` x~` HO<II
L^Q~O 1438, 11

D O@# 13000 OII HO^@ OqOz#k. D q+=


` YQ Q}`A _ |~zi.
Pk~=#O^ 71 34

XH QQ=

II KH~#KHO" ^#H` O^ I
u=} ~} #H`} KH~II

II $ Q` ^~ ` t*# =x`II~ O 1118


13 ~A =z# H= Qi W@#k.

II K`~jO OK^jO `~O ` _jO


W=O` <a *<OX J="O `^j"II
KO^~=Q UH=O `^j"

J"^ ~= #O^ 442

II J ~O ``~u~ H^ $`I
=}nx |H} |`= tt~^II

J## ~O 10617
#H ` Q}<H==# Qi ''=#~ = #O^ 7= J^
= q $`=Q ##k. P H= ==, "|_K#k.
PH= Jal`` He 27 #H`= Q}# LO_k.
H==# Jal` x[= HQ 27 #H` ~ H~ H$uH#
Q Oz~@. ~= ~} "^Q #H ` ~O= O_#^@,
"M` J~# ''hHO~_ W "_.
'' #H` P^H} KO^ ~ Q~}O Q^
Qk #H`O, `K ~O ~}` I `^` ^x+uI
D q=# Qi OH~ H$+ nH` W@ ~<#.
''Jal#H`=#L`~=Q 61 JO=. O` Qu
[x` #H` =O_ =}=O^ XH<HC_ Jal` ^$= #
=# =K#. JC_ =$`= #O^ 26 #H`= LO_#.

nx=# `e#^=#Q, "^O` H=#O^ L`~


}= =$Qt~ #H `=O^ ~O= k. WK@ _ ''KO^
~ Q~Q^Qk #H`" J<k ^O`"H=.
Qk #H `= f 960 OII "#H [~QKO_#.
H#H< L`~ "kHH=O^ ~} Qk #H`=~#k.
}= ~K< H= Qk #H`= H$uH J~#k.
J@ =@ H==Q "^OQ *u+H= <\H ''^x+
Qk #H`=~#k.
=~`= H J"^ ~=K# H=<\H
Qk #H `= =}= J~#k. XH<H H= L`~ _
J~#k.
`O <\ H= ~_ J~#k. (=~`=
#O^ J<H *u+ G q+=< #q. QO^q~ cuK
q~qOKK<#
"_=~ O`=~)

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

47

W`~ ~}=O^ _ Z< *u+G q+=


#q. WH Hx p# QO^= q=~} `e*#.

~[
Wk H$` + ~zOz# *u+ QO^= . nxH =yi,
O $` \H ~zOK_. WO^ ~Q=#O, P= i"~
OY x~OK_. ~^H#, KO^^H#, 28
#H `= q=~} WO^e ` HO=. OK=~` H= Q=<
K|_#k.

KO^ [
WO^ KO^ O|O^ q+= =Y=Q K|_~.
~_ uk#= [#Qu #_K #x q=iOK#. h_##iOz
Q\ == `H# q^#= K|_#k.

*u+ H~O_H"
Wk JO` p# QO^= H^. Wk =Y=Q ^O`
O^=# O|OkOz#k. \`_ nxx LdOK_.

p# ^O` OKH"
=~q~_ ~`#=# J~^ ^O`=# W@
~<#.

II eH~=H "t+ ~`= OK^O`II


OK ^"^ "M` @^"#II
`=_# |, "^ ~=# =t+xH kOK#.
Jk `=^O`=. Wk Ju p#"#k. D ^O`=
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

48

~f *u+G Ki`

H= d=Q@ Kz |Q_ ^xx @^O`=Q


QO^= K#.
~K~_ `# ''^O` t~=} O^ nx<
HiOK#.
<~}_ HKH= x~O`~ =~# H~ ~#
L ^ t Oz#^ ''~ G= nxx P~ @ _ H i Oz
''P~\ = ~zOK_.
|K L^tOK|_# Q}`= =t+_ |kQ=K
~~ # kOz#k "+ ^O`=. ~~ _ ^xx Q~k
==# kOKQ JO^ ex K#k ''e
^O`=.
=#*` |=K [xOz# ~_ ~=H
#Q~=#O^ ~=# q $`=Q kOz#k ''~=H
^O`=. g\ e ~=H ^O`= ''@^=_
"M#O ~zOK_.

1 `= ^O`=
D ^O`#~= ~KO^ J~^ O=`~=
1 Q=x, 30 < XH JkH== 63 Q XH H
k#=x `e^Q#. (OK ^OuH 121)
(WK@ 30 < XH JkH ==##k qK~}O.
ZO^H#Q 32 1/2 < =`" XH JkH== =K#
("_=~ O`=~)
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

49

`= ^O`=#O^ J~} ^# W@ q=iOK


|_#k.

II ^#O HO^HO OKd


~_^$` +O =~}O
^=}O = `^O
~^ ^Q}O `^^`II
OK ^OuH 122
H OII 2 f" 5 K Q}Oz, JkH= = `yO z
=^ _q ~^ H=# J~}=Q#. WK@
H H= KC@K D ~K# J~p#=x qOK~^. Wk
H~= H~ =~q~_ == K<_.
D ` = ^O`= "^OQ *u+=# J#iOK#.
`= =_ | ^O`= aOKK#q. 1 |
Qx k, 2 H_ ~zOz#k 3 q+^ ~ `~ ~}=#O^
K#k. WO^ |Q_ ~zOz#^ p#=).

2 "+ ^O`=
| #O_ Ok# *u+*#=# =t+_, ~~xH
kOz#^ "t+ ^O`=. WO^ ` = ^O`= =<
KO^~Qu, uk #H` J#^u, ~O H=#=
HO` qH}=Q q=iOK|_#q. KqK~= JkH=Q
K|_#k.
"t+ ^O`= p# #g# ^=K ~O_ q^=Q
aOKK#k. WO^ #O_ Q`=~ Q}=# QOz
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

50

~f *u+G Ki`

q+K O ^_ "t+ ^O`=# xiOK#. |Qx H=#H


~O_ "t+ ^O`=#q. JO^ "^\ k =~q~_,
OK ^OuH ~#k. ~ O_=k @^=x #O_ ~ KO^k
=^^# QOz p# "t+= #O_ Q^#,
=O^Kik ` +H ~ }
^# P~\
= #O_ HiOz
q+KO^_ "MxOz#k. `= aOK ''"t+
^O`= ~O_O\ HO> qH}"#k. WO^ 94 H=
#q. Hx =~ K~ K|_#q.

3 ~=H ^O`=
D ^O`= _ p# J~p#=Q ~ O_ q^= Q
##k. p#"#k. =~q~_ K#k. J~p#=
N+}_ OkOz#kQ |Q_ ~#k.
~=H ^O` =# =## gix `H =#O
iOKH"e. =<K~, `~ ^ =~ (~)
`=} (\g) J=} (Jx) W`_ 1080 #H `
q=~=# XH i}Q ~zOK_.
1 O=`~=# Q ~A a#a# ^O`#~=Q
W@O_#x OH~ H$+ nH` q=iOK~.
"^OQ *u#~=
`= ^O`#~=
"+ ^O`#~=
e ^O`#~=
~ ^O`#~=

1 OII#
1 OII#
1 OII#
1 OII#
1 OII#

3600000 ~A
3652125 ~A
3660 ~A
3651530 ~A
3651448 ~A

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

~=H ^O`#~=
J~p# ~ ^O`#~=
~[=$QOH#~=
H~}`#~=

1 OII#
1 OII#
1 OII#
1 OII#

51

3651448 ~A
35615313124 ~A
36515317171/3~.
36515317171/3~.

4 e ^O`=
~~ x =# Ok# *u+*#=# Ju=i, Q~k
==# q=iOz#^ ''e ^O`=. WO^ J~}
^# ~=H ^O`=` ==#k. nxH @^=_
"M#O ~zOK_.
\ ` _ _ |$`O` D QO^ ^ O` q+ H
H= Hx L^ iOK_. ~KO^uiH Q = =H` =
Qi q=~} L#k. =# K~YO_##=, K~YO_=
=# k#=<##= x~tOK|_#k.
^O`~ O~= KHQ q=iO|_#q H~}= K
|_#q.
J<O# "^\ iQ H Oz#"_Q qOK|_`#
~ (H.. 127) w^j_. (J<O# "^\ iQ
H#Q#"~ D l #, ~H^, D q+ = J<O
H~}O q=~OQ `e*# "_=~ O`=~)
HIIII 1017 #O_ 1030 =~ ~`^=O^ x=Oz#
^ Ki`H~_ J~x (J~=~}) e ^O`=.
e J< =#xK (w^j_) ~zOK|_ ~`^=
Ki#@Q "<_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

52

~f *u+G Ki`

H#H< |Q_, ~=He ^O`= $u


q~^=x u~iOz<_. JO> P<\H D ^O`=
@^=x "M#=#@ `eK#k. HIIII 127H KOk#
~ H J<H=Ok t+ e_ XH_x, J`x
=Oj, ^ J# ''O_ ^= L<~x Ki`
H~ qOKK<~. "i ~ z=~ ''e KiO_@
XH `=Q qOKK<~.
Q~=x e G ^O`= #^#= K ~`
^= K~= HqOK#x HO^i "^# Q~= K#=Q JO^
D "H= =}=QK#k.

II "K =<+ =H Gq^O `"II


D "H= =~q~_ ^ iOz<_. ~=<
Jx J<H K@ "ix Oz<_. ''|+=` [O` Jx
P^iOz<_ _.

5 ~^O`=
OK ^O`= W^ +`==Q ##^#@
O^= ^. D ~^O`= =_ q^=Q ##k.
XH\ P~"# `= "t+ =HeH"#k. ~O_=k =~
q~xK ''OK ^OuH O^ q^= Q "MxO|_#k.
=_=k J~p#"#k.
"^\ ^xx Qi KiOK=. aOK@ ^ H#H.
kO^ q+= ~# HKHO ~ =# L^t Oz
#k. P "^\ ^, J^ ~Q}`=x ~ ~xi.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

53

|Q_ , =K~x _ Q}` K~xQ ~#@K


` ~^O`= |Qx HO> ~=#^x qOK
=K#. D ^O`= ^$Hf` q+=Q@K + `= QO^
=x =~ qOKK<~. H#H< OK ^OuHO^
''+`~ q` Jx OOK|_#k.
~ ^O`#~= =~=#= 368153130
~AQ =^~u #O_ ~O=Q#. J^ Q~O=
_ J~p# ~ ^O`#~= OII=# 3651531
1548 ~A JQK#q.
XH =Q= 4,32,000 OII

p# ~
^O` s`

J~p# ~
^O` s`

1582237800
4320000
1577917800
57753336
488219
2296824
17937000
7022388
1465164

#H` =}= 1 5 8 2 2 3 7 8 2 8
~q Q}= 4 3 2 0 0 0 0
=# k#= 1 5 7 7 9 1 7 8 2 8
KO^ Q}= 5 7 7 5 3 3 3 6
=OQ Q}= 4 8 8 2 0 3
|^ Q}= 2 2 9 6 8 3 2
Q~Q}= 3 6 4 2 2 0
H Q}= 7 0 2 2 3 7 6
xQ}=
146568

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

54

~f *u+G Ki`

p# ~
^O` s`

J~p# ~
^O` s`

51840000
1593336
53433336
1 6 0 3 0 00 0 8 0
25082280
........
........

~==
JkH==
KO^==
u^
H=
KO^ HO^=
KO^`=

51840000
1593336
53433336
1 6 0 3 0 0 0 08 0
25082252
57265133
232238

P^xH ~^O`=
Wk Z=Q P~\ =#iOz#k. WO^ 14
JkH~=#q. Wq 1 =^ =, 2 +, 3 kQ H , 4K^ H,
5 KO^ Q }, 6 ~Q }, 7 Q u, 8 Q u,
9 L^, 10 KO^ $OQ#u, 11 `, 12 Q,
13 *u+, 14 Lx+`=#, O[Q ##q.
=^ =kH~=O^ Q=#O, Q } = KO^=k
===, ~=~, Q^=, ~=~Ok q+= q=
iO|_#q. =#=Q =^ =kH~=O^ Q = =^ =
u q=iO|_#. kH~=O^ Q= ``eH u
=iOK|_#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

55

`= D QO^ == ^O` *u+=O^, H~}


QO^=O^ JkH=Q H^. nx J<H \H, "M#=
#q.
~OQ<^x
Q_~ HtH
(1525)
#$O ^=Ax ~+O
( 1542)
q<^x
Q<~ HtH
( 1550)
^^~
H~}=o
(1641)
^~x
^i
?
g~QH P~@ ==@ =eH~# Z `=
$` ~zOz# \H#@ `eK#k. Hx aOK@^.
`= ^H~x ^=i}, H~x N`` =$`
"M k L#q. K q=~=Q P^x J~=Q
su ~zOK|_#q.

= ^O`=
KO^_ ## L^t Oz#k, t+~O O z#n
=^O`=. Wk 10 J^= L#k. 335 H=
#q. |Q_ _ D =^O`=# ~#@K Wk
_ p#"#^x `eK#k.
H=H~@ W q=iOK_.

56

~f *u+G Ki`

=O_" =t+ O[H=x


~=`II
WO^e q+= ~^O`= Z=Q UHqOK
K#k.

P^xH =t+ ^O`=


Wk ~O_ q^=Q aOKK#k. XH^xO^ 5
J^= 94 H= H=. Wk =t+ =O_==x
O"^~=Q ##k. ~OQ<^_, =t+ ^O`=
=$^ =t+ ^O`=Q ~<_.
Q} q+" L*u KO^ Q ~O_ H=#
^ iOz<_. ` QO^= J#+ KO ^ ##k. ~ O_=
QO^= =^=kH~= =`" aOKK#k.
=$^ =t+_ `# "=^=# Ku#x WO^ H^. D
q^=Q =t+xK =O^Q ~~# =@ "=^=#,
=O_=# kOz#@ =_ H^#=#q.

P^xH ~= ^O`=

II | K <~^
=Q~` #H=OI

q+= D *#=# =t+xH, ~=# WK#x WO^


H^. = |+ ~} ^_.
~=} Ou J Wu. ~=I =`s ' `OI
D QO^=O^ 11 J^= 374 H= H=. Q}

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

57

=k q+= ~^O`=< J#iOK#. J#+


=$`= ~zOK|_#k. J~p#"#k.

HH | ^O`=
WO^ 6 J^=, 764 H= H=. *u+G=
8 =Ok =# "=iOK|_#^x WO^ H^. 1 H_,
2KO^_, 3 _, 4 ~_, 5 ~=_ 6 =t+_ ,
7 Q~ |+, 8 |$u.

II =k ^=O =~O ~O H ~^ I
Jx WO^ H^. O=`~ Q}# ~ ` =##=
~=<^~=Q ''=k "^\ =`~=Q#x K|_#k.
~ _ ~Q= HeOK@ WO^e qH}`.
*u+G=O^ ~ P~\ |Q ^O`
= =_ =Y`# O`iOKH#q.

P~\O
P~@ x ''P~\
O *u+ ^O` QO^= ^=
QO^=. WO` =O^ ~# QO^=. |+H=Q
Mu KOk#q. W`_ =~=O^ (@b`O, <\ \
c~) HIIII 476 #O^ [xOK#.
P~@ W^~ H~. ~O_="~ =^O` H~ P~
\
~K~ ` W`_ H OII 875#O^ [xOK#. D QO^=
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

58

~f *u+G Ki`

1 wuH^O, 2 Q}` ^O, 3 HH ^O, 4 Q^O


Jx <Q ^= ~zOK|_#k. "`O H= OY
121 (13{33{25{50)
OY `_xH JH~=# yOK_.

K~x n=$k^ `O`O


P~ @ ^ O ` = # K ~ _ c[ O ~ =
QqOK_. =^ =u + ` =^ Q `_ Q =#
K O~=#|_#.
Q=#, ^O` Q` "^Q` `O`~= Hey#_,
^xx OiOK> c[O~=#|_#. Q= =_
` O_#. 1 =^ =u , 2 + u , 3 ^~ u . "^\ k
^O`#~=Q #O_#. ~O_=k H~}#~=O_#,
=_=k "^#~=Q #O_#.
J#K# q+ = D QO^O =#O =OzOk.
K~_ ''~`H =< O` QO^O _ ~zOK_. nx
<^~=Q K Hx Nu 961 H OII ''~` = ~zOK_.

=~q~x, OK ^OuH
*u+G=O^ =~q~xH Ju Q#=#k.
W`_ ''*`H~=O < H~} QO^= _ ~zOz#@ `e
K#k. |$`O` 110, `# H~}
QO^= "#@ W
~<_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

59

II =H#=H=^^~
Q}O H~} =HII
=~q~_ ~zOz# ''|$*`H" *`HO^
t~=}Q "QO^K#k.
=~ q ~ _ ` # Q O ^ = ^ O ` q+
O Q=#, ^ = q[#Ok @ ^"^# ~Q
iOz Q~qOK_. O` ~ q+OQ=# =
=# =}` H q+Q ^=q ^# r=~
`K~^# Q~==O` ~<_.
W`_ J=Of #Q~=#O^ ~G=# ~zOK_.
Pk`^ `#_ `O_ =^< *u+GO J OK_. ~
_. H` #Q~=O^ (
) ~#QO O^_.

N+} q+ KO^
@^=_ eH ~=H ^O`= "MxOK_.
q[ #Ok =t+ ^O`=# "MxOK_. JQ N+}_
@^=x QO^= #O_ q+ =# Q Oz, P~^O`=#
HO` QOz ~=H ^O`= ~zOK_. g\#x\h QOz
q+KO^_ "t+^O`= q $`= K_.

|Qx @ ^O`=
|Q_ =*u+_. Q "^_. W`_
''|@ ^O`=# ^O` QO^=#, ''YO_M^ =#
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

60

~f *u+G Ki`

H~} QO^=# ~zOK#. ''^#Q =# e` *u+


QO^=# _ "#@ `eK#k Hx aOK@^.
W`_ Q[~`x N= Q="=_. `O_~
''l+= HIIII 493 ''|@ QO^=# ~zOK_.
W`x J#O`~O #`# ^O` QO^= Ug ~zOK|_
^ . J#O`~ O_` # ~K~ H=H~ \ ^ W`x<
J#iOz "MxOK~.
[O O_`_ =`O K_ Hx ^~^.
W`x ~}K [Q<^ O_` _ ''^O` =\ uOK_
Hx Q #"#k. W`_ H OII 1650 <\"_.
JQ IIOII 1749 ~ <^ _ iqOK_
Hx _ H^. =@ ^H~k"n (H OII 1782)
_ uOz q_<_. Dq^=Q J<H=Ok =~
uOz <QH~. |Q_ z=i ^O`H~Q qye
_.
|Qx QO^= 24 J^= 1008 P~KO^
H= ~zOK|_#k. q+ u^# O^QH, ~
=O^ _ Wk W`~ QO^=HO> qH}"#k.
WO^e "^\ 10 J^= JO^~ JkH~, Hx
qye# "\H JOHQ}` c[Q}` "II G*#= `xi.
QO^=O^e "^\ Hq@#k.

II [u }`~~ Hs@~` Ki`^ I


H~ [Q^`u u q<O =^=II

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

61

D QO^= ''$^^Hq ~zOz# ''uH"Y


aOKK#k.
| ^O`#~= HkO^ Jx =^ =Q =
XH aO^= #O^O_#. nxH q~^= Q ~P~ ^O`=
O^ Q = UHaO^ u `= HeQ~O= # ^~#.
| ^O` s` OII# Q ~A P~ ^O` OII#
Q ~A `_Q LO_#. | ^O`= 52 1/2 q
`=. = `"# ~ ^O`=HO> 67 1/2 q
`=.
Q}`= }"< x~}"< Hk J~<, H
~O J#O`~"< "+ OH=} H=, Hu[ ~aO^=
#O^ ~^=Q H" "+OH=} H=#@ Ug
quu ^.
|Q_ #=#iOK#x HO^i ij =#.
c[Q}`=# =O^Q LyOz#k |Q_ J#@
O^= ^.

62

~f *u+G Ki`

"^\ Q=O^ `qk JkH~= H=. ~O_= Q


=O^ J~^ JkH~= H=. YO_M^=O^ =~=#=,
~ ^O`#~=Q 365 15 31 30 ~A HiOK
|_#k. Q=~#O J~~u #OK ~O=Q#x =`
q~^=Q K|_#k.
D QO^= \` $^^ \H#@ `e
K#k. Q= ^$H J#~= ^h=x WO^#k.
|Q_ D QO^=#O^ KH\ #`< q~=
ukOK_. W`x KH K`~[ "=, ~f
c[Q}`=O^ qt+=# `e*K#q.
* O_ [H\ *# `H#QQ_O, *
#O_ K##O, ~ ^==Q |Q_ x~OK_.
(HOu`=) J<O =#=Q 65 OII, XH
Q t=kQ [~Q#. D q+ = "^\ iQ =O*_
H#Q<#x ~K~x =# `eK#k.

^<x c[Q}`"
YO_M^H~}"
Wk _ |Q_ ~zOz#^. Hx |@ ^O`O
`K= x JQ=x K # P~\
^O`=# WO^ HiO
K_O P~O HeyOk. ~~O L`~~ ^=Q D
QO^=#k.

HIIII 700 OII# ^ < _, c[Q}` QO^= # ~zOz


#@ ~K~x QO^= =# `eK#k. j^~_, =
g~_ _ c[Q}` QO^ ~zOK~. =g~x =HQ } ` = ,
=#= |=#= J#H~}
QO^= , | ^_ | nO,
q`~_ H~}~ QO^= ~zOz#@ qk`=QK#k.

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

63

=O*x |$<#O
=O*_ _ |Qx =< `O` Pq~=
HqOK_. W`_ 8= `|=# KOk#"_ |$<#=#
H~} QO^= ~zOK_. J<O q+= W`x H$+x
~K~_ W Q~==O` LdOK_.

II q+=` HOu = O` HOu``I


`^Q} ~H = J` `OH II
J#K#O ^HO =O*^ U"O
``H `^Q} H QOQ~#O^QKO^I
``O*`O `OH M> 7= ^II
Q^O 17, 19

=O*_ `# QO^=
II L`~` =kO =O ``^# =kQQO
i~`O QQ#^O K#O HOz^"^" I
q+=^ H= =O_O` p "^
`k ~#~H=O= HII
~t`O`~`7H~k~#H=< =$Qk
``K ~= HOui#Q q`7^ ``= I
xi# Ok#O``= O=uII
`^Q} H~~ ~QOH KO^q`II
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

64

~f *u+G Ki`

=O*_ '=#O J< ^O` QO^=, =#O


J< H~} QO^= ~zOK_. "^\ k P~KO^#,
~O_=k J#+ KO^# ~zOK_.
=#=O^ 60 H=#q. =#=#
\`_ H O 894 \H ~zOK_. =O*_ H
OII 444, <<O =~=Q (J<=O ^ r~
_w J<O) ~<_.
=h~_< ''=sz QO^ ~K~` =O*x Q~=
=O` iOK_.

~O_= P~@_, ''=^`=


|Q ~K~ =^H= XH P~@
LO_#. W`_ Ki` k ~O_= P~@. W`x ^$H}^
^O`=# ~K~_ ~<_. ^$H}= (^H}=x
"_H) ~t =_= Q=Q#.
W`x ^O` QO^= ''=^O`=x ~Ok#k. W`_
H II= 875 (HIIII 953) KOk#"_. W`x QO^=O^ 18
J^=#q.

$^^H_
W`x QO^= aOK@ ^ . W`_ @ ^O`=
# "M#= ~zOK_. H OII= 850# KOk#"_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

65

66

~f *u+G Ki`

\`_

Nu

W`_ Hj~^j_. O $` H== =e<^_


Z@=O\ qt+ "M#= " ~ QOK<, W`_ J^
q^=Q *u+ G QO^= KHx "M#= "<_.
YO_M^= |$`O` |$*`H= "II J<H
QO^= "M#= ~zOK_. H~}QO^= _ ~zOz
#@ `eK#k. Hx Jk aOK@ ^. W`_ uO^
O_`_.W`_ HIIII 10= `aH KOk#"_.

W`_ HIIII 10= `a"_. ^O` Y~O nH\^


H~}= ~`= *`H^u QO^= ~K~`. ^O`
t~=} QO^=#O^ ~K~_ ZO` Q~==O`
iOK_. ^O` H= O^ P~^O`= ##iOK_. QO^
~K< q^#= K~x =`=#iOK_. J<H QO^=
O^, W`~ QO^H~ =h~, "<"iH H~^ W`x
H= ^iOK~.

q[#Ok ''H~}uH=

=~}K~_

W`_ HIIII 10= `a"_. H~}uH=# QO^=


~zOK_. J~} ## ^u =^ =Q ##O Q }
y ~q KO^aO| ^# =` Q}`= W`k q+
= q=~OQ edOK_.

W`_ HIIII 11= `a"_. YO_M^ QO^= # KH \


\H ~zOK_.

#@ ''~# `O`O

W`_ HIIII 11= `a"_. |Qx ^O` QO^=


#, ~[=$QOH=# H~}
QO^= ~zOK_. WO^ =^ =Qu
+Qu J# ~O_ JkH~=` 69 H=#q. |
Qx ^O` QO^=# c[O~= HqOK_. QO^=
z=~ W@ ~<_.

W`_ HIIII 10= `a"_ ~# `O`O uHO


J< H~} QO^= ~zOK_. YO_M^ \HH~_# =~}
K~_ ~# `O`= #O_ Hx H= ^iOK_.

[^=x ''~[=$QOH=

^< q
W`_ ''==~ nO, ''O`=~O QO^=
"#@ `eK#k. q=~= `e@ ^.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

II W`su |$O^=Ok` ^^O^# ^|k< I


N*# H$`O =$QOH H~}
O *ui^Ou^" II
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

67

WO^e H~} ~O Hb# =O^K`= | ^O`#


~=Q ##k. "^\ iQ c[O~= `~
K#k`_.

J<O# H#Q< q^= W@ `e<_


II H OKa "^# ++H - <OHII
`[H~=O^ W`x QO^= LdOK|_#k.

II N ~`` H~}`=^
Q~[=$QOH`"II

^|x ''H~}H= =~O_=


W`_ 11= `aH KOk# ~[=Oj_. W`_ H~}
H= =~O_=# QO^= ~zOK_. WO^ k JkH~=,
279 H= H=.
J<= O=`~=Q H OII 444 HiOK_.
J<O Qu O=`~=# 01 HQ x~iOK_. QO^O`
=O^ `# QiOz W@ q=iOK_.

II =# O*` q~K# ` n I
W^O ^| N=< KHH~} ==$`"II

68

~f *u+G Ki`

II #` =~@ G=OH~q I
N |^=Q}H H~} H"II
W`_ HIIII 11= `aH KOk#"_. QO^=#O^ 9
JkH~=#q.
<<O O=`~=Q H OII= 445 HiOK_.
f OII=# J<OQu XH HQ ~<_.

`#O^x ''u
W`_ HIIII 11= `aH KOk#"_. =~q~_
OiOz# ~ ^O` O|O^ H~} QO^= ~zOK_.
WO^ Zxqk JkH~=#q. HH QQ` Q}H
[H= `O ^u edOK_. ~KO^ Qu` #
#H``H=Q#, *kQQu `# ~`H=Q#
edOK_.
D QO^= 1 |^x ''kx (H 1330), Jx
~^ "Y (H 1417), =^=x "M (H 1442), QOQ^~x
"Y (H 1607) H=.
J<= O=`~=Q H OII= 450 HiOK_.

|^=x ''H~}H
H~}`= H~}"
W`_ P~ ^O`#~= H~}
H J< H~}
QO^=
~zOK_. =Q P q+=# W@ ~<_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

D QO^ ~K~` Z=~ `e^. nx =# ~`=


QO^= # =^=_ "# \H =# D QO^q =~= `e
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

69

K#k. D QO^ ~K<H= HIIII 11= `a. Wk P~


^O`#~= "|_#^x O_`OKK<~.
<<O O=`~=Q H OII= 438 HiOK |_Ok.

=~x ''Y~=
W`_ HIIII 12= `a"_. Y~=# H~}QO^=
~zOK_.

"~_
W`_ HIIII 12= `a"_. =#=# H~}
QO^= ~zOK_. Q ^# J~} ^# q=~=Q##=@.

=^=_
W`_ ''^O` t~=} J# QO^= ~zOK_. D QO^
=# ~K~ ~<_. `= aOK@ ^.

~K~_
W`_ x[OQ *u+~_. W`x ^O` t~=} J<
^O` QO^=, H~} `=< H~} QO^= 950
OIIQ k Ok K~= L<~. W`_ HIIII 11=
`aH KOk#"_.
W`xH =O^ XH ~_< *u+ QO^ ~K~` H^.
J`_ P~\ +O, =sO, sO J<
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

70

~f *u+G Ki`

=_ QO^= ~zOK_ W`_ ^H} `_. |Qx HO>


~_.
~K~x ''^O` t~=} O^ <Q Q=
#q. z=i ~O_ Q= QQ}`O Q^O W"
^O` Q=Q ~Ok#q.
"^\ ~O_ Q= \Q}`OQ (b=f c[Q}`O)
(b=f JOH Q}`=x) ==i~. WO^ 278 H=
#q. JOHQ}`=x ^ H=. XH\ k =O^
"~ k" H kH H\ W 1 H# 17
< =~ Q OY ~ W q=iOK_.

II UH^ `` H ` H@ I
[kO`O =^O ~~qu ^Q}`~O*II
O~ ''^O` t~=} QO^=# ~^x
''^O` nH, ~OQ<^x ''q`+} (H.. 16= `a),
H ^x ''H~}
`` zO`=} (HIIII 15= `a), q<^ x
L^~} "Y, ^ = WOH [H }_ =~_
"#^ H <^_ "Ku q i~_
O~ "Y ~zOK~.

H=O b=f Q}`=# Q "M#=


Q=~#x
Q}`=$` Qs"M (H..14= `a)
Q}^=Ax |kqx (HII O 1467)
^<~x
b=f+}O
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

71

=^x =^ (H. 15= `a)


=h~x
b=fq=$u 1557
=^~x
b=f q=~}O 1560
~=H$+x
Q}`=$`i 1268
<~}x \ Q}`H=k 1299
~=H$+x
=<~O[<
~=KO^x b=f +}O
q~x
x$+^u
~^x Q}`=$` H
KO^Y~x L^~}O
q~x
L^~}=
\H~=x
KO^H
W"QH, ^"^~, ^= ~~= ~=^`
H <^ |$O^=# N^~^ KHx "M#=#q. c[
Q}`=, H$+x c[#"O~O (1524) Wk c[==x
H`=~=x ~QOz#k. ~=H$+_ c[^= (1570)
~=Y_ c[q=$u H`, H$~=_ L^~}
"Y k O^~.
''H~}` QO^= _ ^< OH~^
\H ~zOK~.
b=u HII 1452 i < +xH J#"^= K
|_#k. c[Q}`= (HIIII 1550) i< #"^=
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

72

~f *u+G Ki`

Ok#k. D ~O_ QO^= HIIII 1698 WOw+xH


J#"^= K|_~.
*u+ ^O` ~K~` ~_ JOu= PK~_.
~x = ~O"#k ~x`< =y#k J#@ Ju
H ^. *H.
~K~ J#O`~O JO^~ "M~K~` Hx,
^O` ~K Z=~ ~.

=^= i}
Wk =^=_ ~zOz# | ^O` H
H~} QO^= .
WO^ 43 H= #q. WO^ H =O =^ =, +, Q ^# "
q=iOK|_#q.
...^=x =~_# XH =^=_ P~ L
H ^H=Q 'H=^#H~} =< QO^= ~zOK_. WO^
35 H=#q. nx ~K<H=, H 1289.

O` ~`=o
H 1320 H KOk# ^<_ ''O` ~`=ox ^"
^~ _ ''@ ` H~} = (H 1339), QOQ^~ _ ~ ^O`
#~=Q ''KO^=#O QO^=# (H 1353) ~zOK~.

=H~O^
~ ^O`#~=Q OKOQ= ~zOK q^#=#
H 1400 =H~O^_, =H~O^=# Hj ~zOK_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

73

P q+=# `< W q=iOK_.

II N~ ^O` =`# =y
H~ Q~^`I
u^k`O q`<u HO
P#O^HO^ =H~O^<=II

74

~f *u+G Ki`

*#~Ax ''^O`Y~"
=~= # ~ ^O`#~= D QO^= ~zOK|_Ok.
W`~ QO^H WO^ "t+ "g^. Hx c[O~=
=`= ~<_. ~K<H= 1425.

D ''=H~O^ QO^=# k"H~_ 1540 =H~O^


q=~}=< \H ~zOK_.

#$O

H=x ''QH`H"

H 1480 W`_ =^=x Q k QO^= # =^ =


Qk J< QO^= ~zOK_.

Wk XH qt+" # H~} QO^= . Wk 1418 ~zOK|_Ok.


`< nxH XH \H _ ~zOK_. H=x *`H^u `lH
^u =~`` O _ ZO` k O^~. WOH =~
Q k ukk Q K# Q}` n H PK~^ u O_+
H}=< QO^= _ ~zOz#@ `eK#k.

Q}x ''Q ="


Q} ^= Ax Q =" H~} QO^= H ", ZO`
"_H ##k. W`_ H= ^=Ax =~_. W`_ _
k =~ *u+ QO^ ~zOK_. D QO^~K< H= H
1442 OII=.
Q==# QOQ^~_ (1508) =i (1524),
q<^_ (1534), `~=_ \H ~zOK~.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~<^x ''^=O[i
Wk H H~}QO^= ~K<H= 1484. =
@x =~_# =~H ~<^_ ~ ^O`#~=
''=}n =< H~} QO^= ~zOK_.
k#H~x M@Hk KO^~ QO^= ~[=$QOH#
~= ~zOK|_#q. ~=@x ~=q<^= (1512) ~
^O`#~ H~}
QO^= . W`x =~ zO`=} H
QO^"#k.
N<^ x ''Q
zO`=} ^Of H~} QO^= Q
ij qOKK<~. q+=< Q}_ ~H H~}
QO^=#, =i (1547) Q==# ''HHu
H~} QO^=# ~zOK~.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

75

q<^ _ _ \ ` x =< Q \HH~_. ^O`


t~=} "II 18 QO^= \H QO^= ~zOK_.
#$Ox (1508) ~+O "<"iH QO^= k
O^~.
~OQ<^x ''Q_~ HtH J< ~^O` \H _
K~O OkOk. Wk H 1525 ~zOK|_#k.

76

~f *u+G Ki`

q=iOK|_~. Wk ~ ^O`#~= "|_#k. W`_


~^[ Qu_# =~R }_. ~K~x
L^O`~ O~=# ^+OK_.

x`#O^x ''~ ^O`~[=

<Qx ''Q ^=

H O 1561 Wk ~zOK|_#k. WO^ Q}`^=


Q^=# ~ O_ J^=#q. H~O= #O_
90, 410 OII HOK_. `# q^#= W@ +~z<_.

WOk Q "#~=Q "|_# H~} QO^= . Wk


H 1541 "|_#k. WO^ H =O Q kH ~" q=iOK
|_#k. nxH ^=_ L^~}O ~zOK_.

II ^$ ~=H^O`O ~OK |QH" I


$^H < Q < *` ^O`O x~" @"II

=h~x ''^O` ~=
Wk H 1558 ~zOK|_#k. W`_ b=uH ''x$+^ u
~x Q}` , Q^= ''=sz "Y ~zOK_.
''\~= _ W`_ ~zOz#^ W`x =~H~ q~_.

k"H~x ''=H~O^ q=~}=


H 1528 D QO^= ''=H~O^ QO^=# q=~}
\HQ ~zOK_. W`_ 1547 ''^*`H =< QO^= _
~zOz#@ `eK#k.
H=H~ x ''^O` `` q"H= Wk H 1580 ~zOK
|_#k. WO^ Jx *u+G q+= ~OQ ~=Q
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~OQ<^_
W`_ H=H~x Hx+ ^~_. H OII= 1565
''^O` K_=} J< H~} QO^= ~zOK_. W^QH $ Ow
qOy Q YO_#O YO_#O J< =_
QO^ =h~H$` ''^O` ~= YO_#~OQ
~zOK_ ^= HO W ~<_.

II JQ}` Q}`[ ~=O


HQ}O H=H~O }= I
H$`==~ =h~} QO
`== H~"} *`"II
$OwqOyx ^= Hq L#k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

77

II k"H~^< Ja=O^ |O^O


Q~O NH=H~OK I
=h~## O[<~O
$Ow qOw H~}^`7II
Q YO_#O _ `# L^O W q=iOK_.

II Ja# Hk` k+^


O O^#=^~ I
JY~ Q~} =h~}
`` YO_#O K~H~O H~qII

H$+x ''H~} H=
=^=x =~_# H$+_ H OII= 1575 D
QO^O ~zOK_. Wk QH`HO Q==# J#
iOK#. H OII= 450 (HII 528) J<= =~=Q
~<_. "iH J#Qu 60 q=. Q = QO^=
# qs`=Q WO^ *, K L Q= q=iOK|_~.

~`HO~x ''OKOQ H`H=


Wk YO_M^#~= H OII= 1580 ~zOK|_#k.
Wk OKOQ i} QO^=. nx #yOz ~O_ ~A<
OKOQO "=K#x WO^ ~<_.
''"iH`O` =# QO^=# q}_ ~zOK_. nx
~K< H= `e^. Wk ~ ^O`#~=Q "|_
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

78

~f *u+G Ki`

#k. =H~O^ QO^=#O^ c[O~= |}`H"` WO^


^<`H=. [Q=# c[O~= W=|_^. nxH
J*` H~ $H"# XH \H _ aOKK#k. W`_ "#^
''Q}=~= J# =~H QO^=#@ `eK#k.

[\^~x ''` H
H OII= 1627#O^, Q_# ieOz# `
P*#~= D H~} QO^= "|_#@ `eK#k.
H OII= 1641 ^^@_ ~^O`=#
''H~}=m \H ~zOK#.

[O_ ''^O` =\
([Q<^ }`O)
W`_ =`^ (Xi) =. Hj "II =O^
"^ xiOK_. W`x P#= J<H=Ok *u+
O_` LO_"~. "i [Q<^ ##M^
=Y. "^ ##iOz ''^O` =\ J#QO^= H
OII= 1653 [Q<^ O_`xK "~OOz<_.
LH== #O^ ~ O_ J^= YQ Q=
=iOK|_#q. ^=^= 14 H~}= 16 H`=
L#q. kf^=#O^ 13 H~}= 25 H`=
H=. WOH O` Kk ~MQ}` ^ u =^=
^= q=~=Q "|_#q.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

79

W`_ # =~=#O QOK_. J<O "iH Qu


51.4. ^O` H=O^ D QO^= c[O~=` ~
^O`= ##iOK#.
[Ox P[K ## M^_ _. ''H@~
J< QO^= ~zOK_. WO^ =_ J^= 59 H `=
L#q. W`_ J~c +O^ ''l[==^ J# QO^=
_ "# (?)

II

II

II

II

^O` =[ QO^ ~O H=
~*k ~* [^= O
N=` ^ku =\ I
N~= ^O|[ ^`z`
*^ ^#~ jII
Qk O`+ #g# H
K~^H Q}`Q=[ I
` `~` H$
Q` [uH=~" II
^~ Q}` g}<
*ui^ Q qK~^H<
H~O ^= KH~ "^O
Qk O`^ ^OK <"II
QO^O ^O` =[O =\ ~Ku @"
`+ N[O [Q<^ H$fII

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

80

~f *u+G Ki`

J~c +QO^ q* <=H `


Q}H<O ^ w~} H\ H$`II
[O ^u Q= H `=Qu*#= O^
=K#. [Q<^ O_`_ ^H} O`="_ [O_
` H=Q W`xx `# P#=# ~zOz <xOz P^iOK_.
[Q<^ x P^= K ''H=} J< Y_ H OII= 1649
^O` =\ edOK_.
[O_ ~`^ O J<H K@ "^ xiOK_.
HjO^ ^"^\ g=# =#=Ok~= =^ XH
"^ xiOK_. g\#x\h q=i J^ XH QO^==`Ok.
WO` H$+ K## <\ H OKOQH~ L`~_
kf ^=#< ~^Q
#O "K<~. NH$+ q
+= Q ~_
O^ ~x L`~ } ~O= x `
H q=~ K Q, =~q~x H J#=# P~OK@
^O`"` #~zOK=#x HO^x Ja=. ~
<^ _ D q+ " `# rq`=O` H$+ K_. ^O` =\
QO^= #O^ J<OK# "iH Qu 51.4 qH xi+"
##, Z=Q 50.2Q HiO|_K#k.
|Q_ D q+" P<_ W L^kOK_.

II ka< ^O` ~
OHO`7 ^=I
$+ ~O q+=`~^ II
@ ^O`O 244
|N "_=~ O`=~

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

81

82

~f *u+G Ki`

OH~x ''H~}QO^=

K`< ''*u+ ^O` i} _ "|_#k. WO^ 8 J^


=#k.

H OII= 1688 q+Q =`#~= D QO^=


"|_#k. WO^ 300 H= #q. Z=Q ~ =`=#
iOKK#k.
<# =~=Q H OII= 445 ~<#.

zO`=} q~z` ''Q#O^=

=}~=_
H OII= 1696 W`_ ''Q Q}` zO`=} ~zOK_.
WO^, =^= ~q KO^ +H~} Q+H~} Qk
^# KO^Q} ~Q} iY KO^^~# #eH
|O^k $OQ#u L^ `k 12 JkH~=#q.
=^= Q=O^ ~MO`~ O~= K|_#k.

| ^O`~=

H OII= 1713 zO`=} nH` "^


O` q+ H
"# Q#O^ QO^=# ~zOK_. D QO^= *~_
"# \H _ aOKK#k. Wk ~ ^O`#~=Q
~zOK|_#k.

~=x ''M@H$u
H OII= 1732 < #Q~"=_# ~=_<
O_`_ ''M@H$u H~}QO^= ~zOK_. Wk Q"#
i. H H OQ qQ^K u^##qk zOK|_#k.
=^= Q^#= =~Q}=` K|_#k. WO^ H=O
=^= QkH~" x~OK|_#k. W`_ 1739 OKOQ
~=, 1740 ^u KOkH _ ~zOK_. Wq aOKK#q.

H OII= 1703 '' J< O_` _ |^O`#


~=Q D QO^= ~zOK_. WO^ 12 JkH~=#q.
^=kH~=O^ ^O` t~=} ~=# OH=Q
q=iOK_.

H OII= 1737 =^=x =~_# t=_ D


QO^=# ~zOK_. Wk Q"#~=Q ##k.

=^~<^x ''O` ~[@<

k#H~x ''Qq*# i}

H OII= 1704 D H~} QO^= "|_#k. "^


O` x~} Q=. WO^ KHx q=iOK|_#k. W`x
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

H OII= 1734 D QO^= ~zOK|_#k. W`_ ''=


"i} (1744), Qi} HOui} (1753), KO^^
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

t=x ''uk i*`=

~f *u+G Ki`

83

84

~f *u+G Ki`

OH *= (1755), ^$H~i} (1758), Q}OH*=


(1755), `i} \H (1761), O` zO`=} \H QO^=
~zOK_.

H OII= 1830# KOk# q<H O_~OQ_.


''^O`~O ~zOK_. WO^ P^ xH =`#~= =k
Q`# q=iOK_.

^=_

^H~_

#$O_#_ W`_ J<H QO^= ~zOK_. JO^


''~ uH}qu K k OkOk. H OII= 1743
W`_ [xOK_. =~ 12 QO^= ~zOK_.

H OII= 1745 [xOK_. ''QHO QO^O


~zOK_. WO^ *`u uH}qu K~MQ}`=
K uH}qu , J< J~^ J^=#q.

H OII= 1782 [xOz# ^H~k"k Z< *u+


QO^= ~zOK_. n~= $` H} O (1800), qz` O Q
(1801), "= KO^ $OQ#u ^#O (1802) ^K~
(1804), O_ H~ (1807), = ~M x~}O, ^~ =
Q}H~}O, Qm ~MQ}`O, u^HO, J< QO^=
~zOK_. W`_ "# ''Q}H `~O y} *u+ Su q+ =
# q=iOz#k. W"QH ''OK^OuH "II QO^=
"Y "#.

q<_

OH~ H$+x ''~f *u+=

H OII= 1772 Q^# H+HO J< QO^O


~zOK_. WO^ ~ ^Of =~=#=, #Q Q`
q=iOK|_~.
H OII= 1749 ~<^ # OKOQO
~zOK_. ^# OKOQO _ H\ OK_.
H OII= 1750 [xOz# H$+ ''*uG=<
QO^O ~zOK_. W`_ =^= KO^~ ` ##iOz
OKOQ x~} K@O^ P^~= H\ Oz<_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

H OII= 1818 OH~ H$+ nH` ''~f


*u+O J< Ki` q+ H QO^= K iOK~. WO` =O^
D q+= ^=_ ^H~k"k ~K# K~. "kH
O` H=#O_ `# H= =~ q=~OQ ~zOK~.
Wk ^O` Q}` ^=Q ##k.
~ H~~O ^O`, H~}QO^= \ H

hO|~_

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

85

86

~f *u+G Ki`

^O` QO^=
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.

Q^x "^OQ *u+=


H.. 1400 OII=
P~@x ''P~\ =
H.. 476
=~q~x ''OK^OuH
K~x ''t+n =$k^`O`O
@Ox ~^O`=
N+}x ~=H ^O`=
q+KO^x "+ ^O`=
|Qx @^O`= H.. 622
x n=$k `O`xH c[(P~=`O)
P~@x =^O`=
H.. 953
Nu ^O` Y~=
H.. 1039
~K~x ^O` t~=} H.. 1182
=h~x ^O` ~= H..1646
H=H~x ^O` `` q"H= H.. 1658
~OQ<^x ^O` K_=} H. . 1658
x`#O^x ~ ^O` ~[ H.. 1639
[Ox ^O` =\ H.. 1728

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

H~} QO^=
1.

P~@x

P~\ H~}=

H.. 478

2.

=~q~_

OK ^OuH

508

3.

|Q

YO_M^O

665

4.

=O*

=#O

932

5.

Nu

nH\

1039

6.

[^=

~[=$QH H~}=

1042

7.

^|~[

H~}H= =~O_=

1058

8.

|^=

H~}H

1092

9.

`#O^

1099

10. =~

Y~

1108

11.

H~}`=

1116

12. ~K~

H~} `=

1183

13. H"~

H~} HOs~==

1242

14. "q HK#

H~}=

1308

15. =^=

=^g i}

1316

16. =^=

H=^#

1357

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

87

88

~f *u+G Ki`

17. ^"^~

@`"

1417

O`O^=

18. =H~O^

=H~O^ i}

1478

19. NH=

QH`H H~}=

1496

20. Q}^=[

Q==

1520

21. ~=KO^

H^==

22. J#O`^=[

J#O` ^~

1525

23. ~<^

^=O[i

1562

24. ~<^~

=}n

1565

25. k#H~ ^=[

M@HkKO^s

1578

26. N~=^=[

~=q<^

1580

27. N<^

Q zO`=}

1580

28. q+^=[

q+ H~}"

1608

Q k ` # `eKk ^O` O^= x WO` =O^


`H<=. WH Q = =H ==# `e*k
O` O^=. Wk ~uH q+=. =H Q=
==# `e*k ~O^=.
D O` Q= XHq^=Q ^O` QOHO> p#
"# ^x K =K#. JO^ P^~= "^ O` aOK
K#q.
"^= *~= K|_#q. [= K@ L
H" # H= H=#. JO^ =~* #= J=~=
JO^ H~H *u+G= Pq~qOz#k. J#O`~ H=#O^
^O` Q= U~_#k. J@ =@ J~p#H= ~
Q= U~_#k.
`H H~xq`= =~= LO_= =z#k.
J\ H q"K#= |Q^=#O^ ~#|_#k.

29. N<Q

Q ^

1619

30. N~OQ<^

^O` K_=}

1643

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

P^= =~} <=O


` =^ g~= =^"I
Jk^O a~= OY
DOY= H"II
|Q^= 7883
#H` =a`O =#
O<7aK~ = O`H$`I
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

89

O< xM` = =
^ ~ = < =O` II
O< QO^= =k` ~}I
O< =$`~=H` ~^Q` [II
J^~"^O 1997, 9, 10
H$uH #H`=O^ JyH~O Kx, `^ }=
#O^ K|_#k. `# =~# Hi# =~xH f #H`=
#Okz q"= K# =Q#x ``s }=#O^
152 K|_#k. ^#= K@ _ #H`=,
==O, J^#O "II PKiOK@ #H`, H=
K|_~.
~= ^=H~= q`=x, J~= `$
H~= =x `^ }= 2131 #O^#k.
H =O O`O^QH H ` ^~ Q$`=
O^ _ H~= K^Q J# = H uk
KO^#H` q+=< H=.
=~k Q= Q i=~<^ q=iOK|_~.
=~q~_ `# ~# Q~~~ J` ^=
=$^Q~ H $Q =t+ |$u =# =
~ ` |+ ` "II "ix O` QO^H ~Q ~<_.
|$`O` "M#H~_# \`_ J^#OQ "
#@ q+Q q+KO^ =# ~= ^#
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

90

~f *u+G Ki`

^ #Ok#Ql` "II"ix O` QO^ ~K~ `Q


~<_. Hx P QO^= aOK@ ^.
`=, <~^O` ~~O` Q~O`
$QO` HO` =+O` a<~.
~=} =~` QO^= O^ _ Z< O`
q+=<~.

<~^ O`
<_ aOKK# D QO^= HO` J~p#=Q< qOK
|_K#k. WO^ 55 J^=<~. ^=[ H}=,
Q LQ qK~=, QK~ q"H=, =~ qK~=
"II Z< q+ =<~. O` $ QO` PH~=#,
q+ O K ^ k . ~ + Q O ^ = =~ q ~ x
|$`O` ^= QO^=.

|$`O`
nx< "~ O` Jx _ JO\~. Wk H OII=
427 (H.. 505) ~zOK|_#k. WO^ 108 J^=#q.
\ ` _ nxH "Y ~zOK_. =~q~_ ~zOz# W`~
O` QO^= Q` q"@O q"YO_
_ HxH `Q =O_ @O= O` "II#q H=.
x+H= "^Hx <O` O~= q ^#@O
"^Hx ^#O WO\H f=KO`=~ , Q$~O= #O_
Q$"= =~ =~k q=~=, L`=,
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

91

~x U~_=K, "~ OII HHi ^~#qK `H


KH q=~= "II Z< q+ = D O` QO^=
q=iOK|_~. =iHx =~ QO^= _ J<H= OkK
~zOK|_~. "\ q=~=e@#q.

~`H=
H OII= 560 #O^ K~_ D QO^= # ~zOK#.
nx <^~= KHx Nu ''~`=# ~zOK_.

~`=
Wk H OII= 961 Nu nxx ~zOK_. nxH
=^= _ ~zOz# \H aOKK#k. D \H H OII= 1185
~zOK|_#k. WO^ ~ QO^=#, ~QO^H~
q=~= H=.

~[=~O_=
nxx [^=_ H OII= 964 ~zOK_. W`_
''q^[# ==# _ ~zOK_. ~`= \HH~_
=^=_ nx #dOK_.

J^` Q~=
Wk x[=Q J^`Q~". nxx =OQ ^ku H
OII= 1089 H }#_ ~zOz JO~=Q #O_Q,
qye# ^xx J`x =~_ |#_ iOK_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

92

~f *u+G Ki`

JO`iH O|O^"# Z< q+= WO^ H=. u


~ i"+ WO^^# ~t^O_ QO^~#Q~ x~`
kQ K `"^= h~ q^` "`
" "Q~ =~} Ju=$+ HO|O^^` "~ "II
q=~=Q `|_<~.
L`~} ~O= W`x H=#H ~_
`$f ^=O^ ^# ~O =QK#@ +=Q
`|_#k.
D QO^= # N=~m^~ ~ ikOz Hjx Hs
=^= ^~ KiOK~.

==~ n=
Wk =~ q+ H QO^= . H OII= 964 J#O`~=
^< qK ~zOK|_#k. W`_ Hj "=_# H$+^=x
=~_ Wk ZO` K~= OkOk.

*ui^~}=
Wk Ho^ q~z`=. W`_ =Hq Ho^ HO> a#_
q+ x~} D QO^= =}H" J~## QO^H ~_
`## p#_Q qOK@ Hx H# HqOK#x ij
JaO. Wk He Q` 3068 OII ~zOK|_#@ ~zOK|_
#@ ~#|_#k. Wk =~ QO^=.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

93

94

~f *u+G Ki`

q" |$O^=#=

*ui|O^=

H OII= 1165 H=_ nxx ~zOK_. q"


O|O^ q+ =#q. W`x `O_ ~ ~}Q ``~ t
k`_. W`_ H~} HOs~==# QO^=# _ ~zOK_.
Wk K k Ok# QO^=. Q} ^=A_ nxH "M#O
~zOK_.

H OII= 1446 t=^_ nxx ^~G O|^


=~ q+ H QO^= Q ~zOK_. Wk q" @ "M
J~# x~=$`=#O^ iOK|_#k.

*u+ ^~}=

q" @

H OII= 1479 ''OK J< *ui^_. nxx


Q^ ^`H=Q (KO) ~zOK_. W`_ \=<
QO^O _ ~zOK_.

H OII= 1400 ~OQ^~_ ~zOK_. nxO^


=k =^= $` iOK|_~. Wk =~ QO^=.

=~ =~O_=

=~ ``=
H OII= 1400 #O^ H=H~x =~_, H=_
nxx ~zOK_. nxH Q} ^=A_ \H ~zOK_. WO^ <H
x~}, [ "`=~}, [` q+H =~=
q+= Q K |_~. W`x *`H ^u `lH^ u QO^=
ZO` k O^~.

q" @=
H OII= 1444 [Q<^x `_# `O|~_ D
QO^=# ~zOK_. nxH =Q x~=$=< \H _
~zOK_. WOH W`~ \H _ L#q.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

H OII= 1463 <~}#K D QO^= ~zOK|_


#k. Wk ZO` Hk OkOk. WO^ k H~}=#q.
160 H= H=Q} QO`= q~l`<~. nxH
=~O_ == < \H _ ~zOK_. qk KOk# H ~
''=~O_ HtH J< \H ~zOK~.

`_~#O^
H OII= 1509 hHO~_ nxx OH#O K_.
Hx Wk ~=^=[ OHe`=x HO^i ij =#.

=~ zO`=}
H OII= 1522 J#O` ^= Ax =~_# ~=^= A_
nxx ~zOK_. ZO` k Ok# QO^qk. nxH K=Ok
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

95

\H ~zOK~. g\ QO^H ~ ~zOz# ''q`H~ QqO^x


''+^~ ^=. Nu ~zOz# ~`= QO^=#
Wu uaO|=x ^H~ k"k zOK~.

=~ K_=}

96

~f *u+G Ki`

=~ O^
H OII= 1805 QOQ^~ nxx ~zOK_. WOH
D =~ QO^= ~*=o[Q<#O = ^O
[#O #~O^=e "II ^ QO^= H=.

H OII 1540 t= ^=A_ nxx ~zOK_.

#~u [K~ ~^=


=~ H^O
H OII 1545 q~ nH`_ nxx ~zOK_ QO^H~
nxH 1549 ''=O[i J< "M _ ~zOK_.

=~=

H OII= 1099 #~u ^=A_ nxx ~zOK_. WO^


G OQ =`~ ^^ "iHk~ KH|O^
| Ou, J< P~^ =#k. D QO^= # i=O_
"# [H , #~i "#k. Q}^`x kx, ^~
\H, ~=<^ \H Q=.

H OII= 1582 ~<^ ^=A_ nxx ~zOK_.

=~ nH=

=~~=

H OII= 1583 =^=_ nxx ~zOK_. OQ


\H _ ~zOK_.

H OII= 1671 <q~} "# ~^x


=~_ ~=_ nxx ~zOK_. Wk ~G O|O^
*u+= nxH ~`_ "# \H Q^.

H`
~O^=
H OII= 1564 ~^@x =~_# =^=A_
~zOK_.

=~ Q}u
H OII= 1607 Q[~` }_# Q}u ^=A_
QO^=# ~zOK_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

=#=x [#= ^^~=Q edOK Qu ##


iOz "i"i Y^Y=# =O^Q `e*#^ D
''~O^= W^ Z=Q =#[# kx,
P^~= # K~Q#k. f"iH [~Q= q+ = =O^Q
`H#=#x O_@ [".
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

97

D ~O^", e` *u+=x _ "_H ##k.


~|= "H~}G s` W@ kOK#. ''~ O
O=~} Jx ^`=. ~^`=# K^p `O
K \ K# ~fu ~ Jx kOK#. =~H q^=Q
_ kOK#. ~^`=# & `O K \ K#
~` Wu~ Jx kOK#. nxH Q=x, ~~=x, ~M
G=x J~=x ''"kh xO@= #O^ H^.
D G= =Y=Q ~[# H~i` e `=
# `e*#. ^+ i~= _ D G=#O^
zOzi.
*`H O^=# J~^ Q=Q =#= `H#
=K#. 1 *`HO , 2 `lHO 3 ~=O, 4 , 5 #=
(e`= _ WO^ =K#). g\x\ *`HQ=#H
[ P^~a=#= Z=Q #q.
=#=xH +_# #H`=O_#. Q` 9 13
O^ =~q~_@ q=iOK#. L^~}:
1. [##H`= \# #H`=
^x+
2. H~#H`= [##H`=# ^=k =$Qt~
3. OuH= [##H`=# 16=k |
4. =^H= [##H`=# 18=k
5. "<tH=
[##H`=# 23=k *+
6. =#=
[##H`=# 25=k ~_
D #H`= =#K e`= xK#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

98

~f *u+G Ki`

*`H QO^=
|$`~ ~GO
Wk ~~ H= Q k Ok#k. Wk ~~ " `
O"^~=Q J#O`H=O^ OH#O K|_Ok. ~
^=#q. Hju ^"#k. WO^e LO~^=
#O^ D G= =O^Q | <~^# L^tOK#x,
J@=@ <~^ x=# #_, J ~O ~ ~~ xH
K~Q J`_ "`# kOK#x q=~} H^.
WO^ H= Hx H=x O_` Ja= \
`_ |$*`H "Y = ^=x #==H "M#
O^~ = # ''~s O` H == a ^$, # *`H" ,
` O^`qu ~~u Jx LdOK_. J#Q
\`x H=#H HIIII 10= `aH ~~ ~ `#
K_^ x , H =O ~~ O` =`" `# KK#x, J~`
~~_ O^`=#O^ QO^= ~zOz#@ qxH_
#^x ~<_.
=~q~_ _ ~~ G=#@ ~<_. D
~~ ~G=# ~O J#^y#k ''~i
L#k. nx< HO^~ ''L_^ n= Jx _ ~.
JO^ W@#k.

II =O~s ~ =#$` ^=u


L_^nYO ~^= q^O=^II
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

99

WO^ 5 J^=#q. "`O 45 H= . \ ` x


`~"` H=<\^x qOK=K.
''=^ ~i Jx =~H QO^= H^. WO^ 8 iK^
= H=. QO^k H= W@#k.

II ~~ =xO#` `~O xsH K I


=H7_ ^=~O ~#~`II
|k J^ *u+ =~ O^` O|O^
=K#= ~ QO^=O^ LY#=Q aOKK#q.
<~^_ _ XH ~QO^= ~zOz#@ `eK#k.

$QO`
$Q=i O^ `=H. Hx `= e`Q
q+" $QO` aOKK#k. WO^ 74649600 *`H
KH=#q f *`HKH=# 60 H= e`=
K|_~. Wk <x M@O_ l ''g__ Q=
"=_# O_` ^g^ @~ =^ H^. Wk K
|$`H= Q QO^=#@ O^"g ^.
=~H ''$QO` aOKK#k. WO^ 200 *`H
KH=` e`= q=iO|_#q.

Q~ O`
Wk \`^ iOK~. =x ~G= _
#@ `eK#k. Hx aOK@^.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

100

~f *u+G Ki`

=# ~G=
=~q~_, \ ` ^ =# ^O` "H=#
L^ iOK~ l^ A_ =#_. =# |= K w^j
# ~ (H.. 127) \g (H.. 200) "II YQ
K~ iO|_K<~.
=~q~_ ~# =#|= w ^j q^O
Qi x Jk Ja= =O[". = ~`
=`~}#~= ''=# u =Oj. P H^
W@#k.
uH J~^ Q~ `, 1 ^, 2 ~, 3
`~, 4 ^, 5 J#, J# ~ H"~. gi ''~=
` qye# #Q~ `$kH~= K ~*#~` =# "K
#<~x `eK#k.
~= #O_ ~= =O= U~_, JO^ ^+O`
~`^ ^ i . `~x =# `~+, =# Heyi.
^x =# A, ^= =# ^=, J#= =#
"K*` Hey#=x ~}=K#=.
~[x O@H~_ =# |= # Q^ =`~+ J~=
# K#. ''q+~}= #O^ =# Hux, "ix
Q~~A ~t~=O_#O K, ~^~~`# K OQ
"~ "K<~x H^.
W^ q+= q=~= ''=#^~G= #O^ W H^.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

101

II #H H^g Hu *`
=$+`O Q`H }< =^~<` II
O_H _ ^q_ HO* =< H
~^ "j< Hi` ^~^ YII
=#^~GO 1043
D q+ = ^`^= Q ''i=O= _ ~#k.
"~ ^ =+\H~ #<~@. J~=O_#O,
=# HO*^ i t~=O_#O HqOz#@ JO^#k.
''^#_ _ g~ H`^~= q_z "K#@
~<_.
=~q~x H=# L# =#G=, ^~ =,
\`x H=# J#Q HIIII 10= `|=# =x
J`x "M#= =# `eK#k. =~q~_ ~#
=#, p# =#x `e=#.

=}`x ~G=
=}`x H= Qi `e^. =~q~_ W`xx
~<_. ==# =}` H ~ 71 \`_
`# "M#= =}`x H=# W L^iOK_.

102

~f *u+G Ki`

hK+^ |=#`# `` H~"


P~ q^#O ~HO ~t`=}II
\ ` x ==<\H =}` x ~G= aOK^x
nx=# `eK#k.

r=~ ''~G=
r=~ ~zOz# ''~G= =~q~x =# `e
K#k. |$*`H "M` \ ` _ r=~ ~zOz# QO^=
#O_ Hx H= L^iOz<_.

II ^H k= =" "^Q QO^}O


=~7K<O hK# =`7~O ` I
=^7#`` ^##O +=`` HOz`
O_+ W" H~O `` ~O Q}``*II

`K~x ''~G=
D QO^= #O_ Hx H ^=# =~q~_
^ iOK_. \ ` _ P~ q+ = `K~ q^#
q=~} O^~OQ W LdOK_.

II ~OH OQ^i =`Q^^II

`^ K=}`

q+Qx ''~G=

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

D QO^= _ =~q~x LY #= =#< `e


K#k. \`_ q+Qx Hq@ ^iOK_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

II #=~ ~=^7~ OK~H H=


~ =H$u OM ~n<O `OQ+
|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

103

II ~"KQ` ~s< g<O O` I


"K=$+Q *` ~= r=uII
q+Qx <=O`~" K}_x ij `K
K<~. W`_ KO^Qx Q~=Q ^_.

^=q ''~G=
|$*`H= P~ H~}=#O^, =~q
~_ W`xx Ld OK_. \ ` _ ^=q QO^= #O_
D H=# ^iOK_.

II ~^~KQ` g< g<O O`Q


" =$+O ` *` ~=~uII
D ^=q, q+Q_ ^x q`x, =^
~H=< O $` <@H QO^= `|_#k.

104

~f *u+G Ki`

`_ `# \H += Q ~<_. ~=o ~K~ ` H}


=~ _ l^Ax L^iOK_. J~` |$*`H=O^
~# ''=< Jx ~# =#O^, "~ p##
=#x HO^~ qOKK<~. =<~x H= H
OII= 144Q ij `KK<~. ''=$^
=# *`H=
g#~A ( ) ~K# aOz#k.

^~}x ''~G=
\`_ `# |$*`H "M#= ^~}x
~G= #O_ D H=# ^iOK_.

II ~O HQ}` ^^#=a~ Q}I


^^ $`=+O^= k#<_H H=II

*qx `=
^#x ''~G=
|$*`H= 77 #O^ D QO^= ^iO|_#k. ^
#x H=# \`_ ^iOK_.

II g< ~=OQ` " Qq OK=~q


~ ~"KQ`~` ~= ~uII

=<~x ''~G=
=<~_# l^A_, |$*`H=#O^ =<~
|=` L^iOK|__. =<~_ ''l^A_x @
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

Wk `= aOKK#k. `~=Q ## D
QO^= 4 J^=Q ##k. nxH K "M#=#q.
H~ O`=O^ D q^#= | k Ok#k.

^$=<_
Wk `K~K ~zOK|_#k. <_ QO^= 12 =~
aOKK#q. "\x\ Wk =}H= x ij qOK
K<~. 70 Q=Q##^x qxH_. =^ FiO@
=# |s 48 Q= "``Q ##k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

105

|$*`H=
Wk ~+ *`H QO^= "^\ k . WO^ 27 J^
=#q. LO~^=` 28. Wk #H`= 27 OY
Jal`` 28 OY# zOK#.
D QO^= # J<H \H #q. \ ` x q=$u, QqO^
=l ''^^~ ~^x <H\H ''(HIIII 1525) K
^=. WOH |^ =^~ =^^ _
\H ~zOK~. kh \H =^Hi "II H=. WO^e
"^\ H=.

II =i` iHe` $` =~#~#<


=```q^O H` [`O ~ =~*u"I
H<O ^=u q<H^ $`
"KO # ^^` <HH~} Hn ~qII
D H= Z< ~ q+=# ''<H "M#
= ~^@ ZO` q $`OQ q=iOK~. "M# ~O
=OQ H= W@#k.

II N ~n< O"^xQ#Q< Q<


[Q`$+ u *#`#I
N=^ =~q~ ~ ``~Q~
^~ ~` O^ \H ''<H qK~`II
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

106

~f *u+G Ki`

*`H=
Wk |$*`H=# OH~=Q =~q~_
~zOK_. D q+O W q=iOK_.

II ~GO =$`~ x|^O xsH }


`~a ~=O O=HqII
QO^ [#=# KHQ W ukOK_.

II ^ z` =#[#x O ` H~ } OH" I
=O[u G"`` `= ^"} n W=II
D *`H= # _ \ ` _ "# \H #k.
*`H= _ =~q~_ "#@ \`x =#
`eK#k. Hx aOK@ ^.

+\ OKtH
Wk =~q~x =~_# ''$^_ ~zOK_.
WO^ 7 J^=#q. ~ Q=Q= [~ [
"zO` #+ qtH^= H=. "`O
56 H= H=. $^ x H= H OII 460 D QO^=
# \`_ "Y ~zOK_.

*`H~=
nx ~K~` Z=~ `e^. Wk L==~ O"^
~=Q ##k. ~ H`= WO^ H`=
K|_#q.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

107

~=o
nxx H OII= 550 H}=~ ~zOK_. WO^ 54
J^=#q. PO^^= k Ok# QO^=
Wk XH\ . qq` =i *u+G QO^ =~xQ
541012 ~<_.

II ~K~ xi` `==H =^O ` ^= [


e =t+ ~= =# ^~} H I
Ju ~^* qq` Q}yH K
Q~ ~ r" U`~< q~O ~z`"I
H^u $HO *`Hqu z`QH$`"II

*#"
Wk \`_ ~zOK_. nx ~K<H=. H OII=
890 QO^ ~O H=@#k.

II ~q t[ |^ Q~ `~q[ Q}< }`H^I


=H7O $+`~O *#O ` ^=`"II
QO^ = O^ t+H~ D QO^= ~zOK_@.

II \`# t# HO=H ~}
P~`=O *#O =` ~z`"II
|$*`H "Y q=$ux H OII= 888 ~zOz#@
+OQ W q=iOK_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

108

~f *u+G Ki`

II # kf =`OQ~i< I
=+q` H H$`O q=$u~II

Nu ''*`H^u
H OII= 921x, Nu O_`_. ''*`H^ux
~zOK_. nxH =^=_ \H ~zOK_. W`_ H OII=
961 nH\ H~}QO^=# _ ~zOK_.

=$^*`H=
D QO^= Qi, Nu H ~`= QO^=#,
H OII= 1185 =^=_ "# \H =# L#k.
WO`HO> q=~= `e@ ^.
JQ q^~} }`"# ''=x~= _ =
=# q=iOK#kQ `eK#k.

~~ zO`=}
H OII= 1250 H= "_# "OH\k ^=A_ QO^
=# ~zOK#. W`x =~_ "^<^_ *`Hi*`=#
~zOK_.

*`H i*`=
H OII= 1300x "^ <^ _. nxx 18 J^=
~zOK_. D QO^= H~_ "# ''^eh \H
K k OkOk.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

109

H=x ''*`H^u
H OII= 1410 ''#OkQ= "=_# H= ^=A_
*`H^ux ~zOK_. WO^ 40 H=#q. QO^O z#
^~< ZO` K~O OkOk. =^# |^# J+H
=~ "II q+ q=iOK|_~.
nxH H =_ q<^ _ <~}_ k"H~ _ "#
\H#q.

*`H~}=
H OII= 1460 _O_~A nxx ~zOK_. W`_
#$Ox =~_ *#~A H t+_. WO^ Z=Q
e` q+=#q. 2000 H=#q. p#"# \H
q =.
H OII= 1450 J#O` ^=A_ ''*`H^u J<
e` *u+ QO^O ~zOK_. JQ t=^ ^=A_ ''*`
H`=O ~zOK_. Q}H~_ ''*`H^= q<^_ H
OII= 1500 ''~O^ x~}=, #$i ^=A_
''*`H~= ~zOK~.

*`HOH~=
H OII= 1535 Q} ^=A_ nxx ~zOK_. WO^
P~^ =#q. nx ''~ # "# \H aOKK#k.
H= H=Q}=` ~lK#q.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

110

~f *u+G Ki`

H OII= 1547 k"H~_ ''^ *`HO J< QO^


=# ~zOK_. WO^ 104 H=#q. H OII= 1559
~^@ ^=Ax =~_# =^=A_ ''^u+}O
~zOK_. nx k#H~_ "# \H aOKK#k.

~~`"
H OII= 1557 |^ ^=A_ nxx ~zOK_.
WO^ 10 J^=#q. =~ 90 QO^=, QO^H~
=#, L^~}#q. ZO` K~O Ok#k.
H OII= 1600 QqO^_ ''~H= #
~zOK_. JQ H OII= 1600 <~}_ ''~~
^xk ~zOK_. H OII= 1670 Hj~* t`_#
~= #O^ ~H ''=}H= J< QO^O ~zOK_. Wk
<Q Q= ## q $` QO^=. z=iQ= ~K~`
=~_# ''L=uK i K |_#k. Wk ZO` L`= QO^
=x ijx Ja=.
~ =_ ''^uKOkH, H OII= 1780 QqO^Ki
''^#^O, H OII= 1780 r=<^_ ''=`
O 17 J^= QO^O , H OII= 1798 J#O`K~
''J#O` ^~}O *`H `lH Lq+HOQ ~zOK~.
^H} `_# XH O_` _ ''*`H^= ~= J< QO^O
~zOK_. H OII= 1800 ^= (#$O_) ''e `
qK~= ~zOK_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

111

112

~f *u+G Ki`

`lHG=

`lH hHO~

=<K~_ ~H + (i<) *u+GO


=~ =#, O=`~k k# " Q= ##iOz e `=
q=iOK@ "II q+=# ~zOK_x, Jk `lH=x ==
iOz#@ ''#~`O J< QO^O q=iOK|_#k.
H OII= 1200 `~ "`< D `lHG= q $` K~
=xH =z#@ i^ qOKK<~. D ''`lH|= ,
''``eH J# O $` |=# JO~=x HO^i
=#. =# `lHG= O*`O`O =~`O`O
`O`O Jx =_ =Y qQ=#q. J~< Z=Q "iH
q+=Q< Wk K~= ##k. Hx `lH QO^=#
ije^O.

Wk ZO` k Ok# QO^= . Wk OII= 1509


hHO~xK ~zOK|_#k. WO^ O* =~ ~=Q
=_ `O`= q=iO|_#q. Wk =}H QO^=Q
JO^~ P"kOK~. nx hHO~x =~_# QqO^_
H OII= 1544 ''~ "Y, =#=_# =^=_ H
OII= 1555 =~H "Y ~zOK~. q<^_ _ XH
\H ~zOK_.
D QO^=O^ ''# O^~O J< QO^O L^iOK
|_Ok.
H OII= 1571 H$+_, ''`lHHO ~zO
K_. JQ <~}_ H OII= 1660 ''`lH xk
~zOK_.

`lH `O`~=
H OII= 1356 ue HqOK|_# D QO^=#
=~O_ ~zOK_. H OII= 1300 ''^=*OH$ux
`[O_, H OII= 1415 ''`lH^ux H = ^= A_ ,
H OII= 1445 ''`lH~=# i@ ~zOK~.
H OII= 1480 _ O_ ~[=~_# Q} _ ''`lH
+} ^u
x ~zOK_. ''O `lHO J# QO^= _
J*` H~ $H=Q aOKK#k.
H<| x"# (H<*) |^ q H OII=
1500 ''#~`O Jx `lH QO^= ~zOK_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

`O`"
~G=x =~H qQ" G=. Q
=^~= KHx e`=# q=iOK#^ G=#
|_#. D qQ=#O^ _ Z< QO^= "=_~.

<~k
<~^ }`=Q D QO^= K~= ##k. WO^
32 H= #q. Wk <~^ O ` XH JOQ=x HO^i =#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

113

\ ` _ ~zOz# '' *# QO^= G QO^=


"@" ^\ ~+ QO^= . WO^ 72 P~=$`= H=
#q.

~=
H OII= 1550 #$O_ nxx ~zOK_. WO^
Q~ q K~= q^ q"qK~= Q ^ qK~= [
~[ qK~= `qK~= H qH qK~= "II
q+=<~. QO^O` Hq@#k.

II N=` ==x =O_


H$H~K~ #`O^I
N~OQ<^#*# `
#$O<=7uH$`O ~"II

=}H=
H OII= 1670 ~=#O^ ~H nxx ~zOK~.
WO^ <Q Q=#q. z=iQ= ~K~` =~_#
L=uK i K|_#k.

H~=`"
Wk H~o ~zOz#k. qH}"# QO^=. D q^#=
H~ K QO^=#q. H~ OQ QO^=
#O^ D q=~}#k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

114

~f *u+G Ki`

II `H ^ #k"# K
uHq+ H H~ #=II
''H~ OQ QO^= K k ##k. Wk
~`~ Q=` aOKK#k. ~Q=O^ 68 H= ,
L`~Q=O^ 75 H= L#q.

=kH G"
=kH G= _ ~G= XH JOQ" . =~
q~_. |$`O` 671, D G=# q=iOz G
=}H` # ^$ gHiOK_. =^_ ~zOK@K nxH =kH
=x ~ =z#^x \`_ ~<_.
=~`= ^~^< ^# =iOK O^~ = Hx
=kH =K#=#q.
`O ''"^q[Q} ~zOz# Or=# QO^=.
=}H "#kQ ij Ja=. Wk H OII= 1602
xk. kh \H` Q}^` KiOK~. D JOQq^ 8
q^= # LqQ=#@ D HOk H= =# `eK#k.

II JOQq^ xq`<=< = w` I
=M *< <~^k x"k` II
JOQO ~OK= =O =O[#H}
L`` JO`iHOK xq`O$`=+H"II
e`= KC@, ~G= (J#Q _ Z_=
= ~O^= OK Qe ##iOz ~<_ KO^
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

115

<_ e`= q=iOK@), `HKH e`= PH=O^


QKiOK qz`H~ e`= "II#q _ *u+G=
#O^ q=iOK|_#k.

~=G=
nx< zHq^ Jx _ JO\~. Hx Q_ edOz
"\x Z#H#@ zH "Qx, Q= "Qx x~~Oz
`^# ~=Q e `= KC @, H# =Hx "e` Q_x
$tOz ^x##iOz _ e`= q=iOK@< ~=
G= JO\~.
\`_ D qQ=#O^ QO^= ~zOK_. W^
"^\ ~+QO^= . Nu _ D qQ=#O^ QO^~ K #
K#@ ''PH O $` QO^ zH =# `eK#k.
H OII= 1550, zO`=} ^= A_ ''~= zO`=}
J# QO^= # ~zOK#. WO^ 700 H= #q. H OII=
1667 [~= O_` _ ''~==$`=# ~zOK_. WO^
800 H= #q. H OII= 1722 ~= M^_
''~= #=~`O ~zOK_. Wk K Mu OkOk.

G=
=, q+` KH=Q #O_#x p# H=
#O_ "_H ##k. P~ ^+==#, =#H zO`#
=# Hx = Hey##, Hx = `H K
H=Q #O_#x J#== |A=QK#k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

116

QO^H~

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=

`=
~
Q^

`=O`
~ O`
|Q^ "^OQ *u+=

<~^
Ju
$Q
=t+
H

=
^~}
#H
Q~
~~
=
=#
q+Q
^=q

<~^O`
Ju O`
$QO`
=$+O`
H O`
O`
= O`
^~} O`
#HO`
Q~O`
~~O`
=O`
=#O`

H=
H..
H..
H..
1500OII

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

117

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~
^#
e
~=H
r=~
`K~

l^[
@^=
P~@
=~q~

~zOz# QO^=

H=

118

QO^H~

eO`
~=H O`
^$=<_
(Wk =^ FiO\
|s 48 Q=Q
ed`u L#k.)
=# ~G=
e~=H "Y
1 P~\ O
2 P~\ H~}O
1 OK^OuH
2 |$`O`
3 *`H~=O
4 =O`
5 Q`
6 |$*`H=
7 *`H=
8 q" @=
9 q"YO_=

H.. 200
HII. 475
HII. 505

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

@O
$^
(W`_ =~
q~x
=~_)
H}=~
K~

~ 1

|Q
=~O
^<

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=
10 _HxH`
11 Q=O_O
12 OKH
13 *`H=
1 ~^O`=
+\ OKtH

~=o
1 t+n =$k^ `O`O
2 ~`HO
3 *`H~O
1 = sO
2 sO
3 P~\ +O
1 @ ^O`O
2 YO_M^ H~}O
`lH `O`~=
1 ==~ n=
2 c[Q}`=

H=

HII. 538
HII. 568

HII. 608
HII. 603

HII. 608

HII. 628
HII. 678
HII.778

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~
N^~K~

=g~

~zOz# QO^=
1 uuH
2 =H Q}`=
3 *`H^u
~OQ

119

H=

120

QO^H~

HII. 803

HII. 853

1 QQ}`=
HII. 878
2 |^ O`
3 |^ ~G=
4 YO_M^\H
5 |<#=
6 |$*`H \H
7 @ ^O` \H
q`~
H~}~=
HII.899
=O*
=#=
HII. 932
P~@2
=^O`
HII. 953
$^^H
1 @^O`\ H
HII. 958
2 *`H \H
3 |$*`H \H
4 *#O
5 ~<H~}=
6 H~}`=
7 |$<#\ H
8 += (#GO)
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

\`

|^

q[#Ok
\`
#@
Nu

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=
9 ~=~=
10 |$`O` \H
11 YO_M^ \H
1 |$*`H\ H
2 *`H\ H
3 +@KtH\H
4 *#O
5 ~<H~}=
6 H~}`=
7 |$<#\ H
8 += (#GO)
9 ~=~=
10 |$`O`\H
11 YO_M^\H
12 Q` \H
H~}uH=
|$*`H \H
1 uH H~}=
2 ~# `O`=
1 ^O` Y~=
2 nH\H H~}=
3 ~`=

H=

HII.966
HII.966
HII. 978
HII. 1039

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~

~zOz# QO^=

121

H=

4 *`H^u
5 \Q}`=
6 c[Q}`=
7 ~=^u
=~}
YO_M^ \H
HII. 1040
*^=
1~[=$QOH=
HII.1042
2 ~[=~O_= (?)
3 Pk` ` ^O`=
4 q^[# ==
5 ~=~`=
^|
H~} H==~O_=
HII. 1058
|^=
H~} H
HII.1092
`#O^
fH~}=
HII.1099
L`= (?)
H~}`==
HII.1116
=~
1 Y~=
HII.1118
2 *`H \H
3 e` *u+=
4 u qk nH
5 =$``O(=~QO^O)
"~
Ja+`~ zO`=}
HII.1119
=^=
^O` K_=}
HI.1138
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

122

QO^H~

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=

q+^=
~K~

c[Q}`=
1 ^O` t~=}
2 H~} `=
3 q" @=
|#
J^`Q~
#~u
#~u [K~
J#O`^=
1 |$*`H \H
2 | ^O` \H
Ho^ ^=[ *ui^~}=
H"~
1 H~} HOs~==
2 q" |$O^=#=
=^=
Qk
=O^i O`~[
=^=
H=^# H~}=
<~^
~ ^O` \H
`[O
^=*OH$u
^<
O` ~`=o
^"^~
@`H~}=
"^<^
*`Hi*`=
QOQ^~
1 KO^=# `O`=

H=
HII. 1153
HII. 1160

HII. 1168
HII. 1168
HII.1198
HII. 1213
HII.1278
HII.1316
HII. 1338
HII.1367
HII. 1378
HII. 1378
HII. 1398
HII.1417
HII. 1428
HII.1434

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~
=H~O^
~OQ^~
H=2

Q}^=[

~zOz# QO^=
2 b=u \H
1 =H~O^ H~}O
2 =H~O^ i}
q"@
1 QH`H=
2 =~`` =
3 Hg *`H^u
4 Hg `lH^u
5 QH`H \H
6 =~Qk
7 ukk
8 Q K#O
9 Q}`nH
10 *`H ^u \H
11 ^O` ~H
12 PK~ ^u
13 O_+ H}=
1 Q==
2 |$uk zO`=}
3 uk zO`=}

123

H=

QO^H~

HII. 1478
HII.1478
HII.1496

~=KO^
H ^
*#~[

HII.1520

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

124

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=

H=

4 b=f \H
5 ^O` t~=} q=$u
6 =~ `` \H
7 H$+g x~O
8 eH x~O
9 `~h =O`HO
10 ^qk
11 ~x~O
12 zO`=}
H^= H~}=
Q}` `` zO`=}
1 c[Q}`=
2 ^O` O^~O
3 *#~[ *`H=
1 ~H
2 Q}`=$` H
(b=f \H)
3 Nu ^u Q}`=
4 c[Q}`=
5 `lHOH~=
6 ^O` t~=} \H

HII.1498
HII. 1500
HII.1563

HII. 1541

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~

i@
`O|~
t=^
J#O`
J#O`

#$O
Q}
HOK\
~<^
~<^
H$~=

~zOz# QO^=
7 Q}` =u
8 ^O` O`~
=K=
9 Qq<^=
`[H~=
q"@=
*ui|O^=
J#O` ^~=
1 *`H^u
2 ^H~H~} K+H=
3 Q"^~}=
4 QHu
5 OKOQO
6 O_H` (?)
=^= Qk
`[H+} ^u
*u+^~}=
^=O[i
=}n=
1 ~~zO`=}
2 OKH \H

125

H=

HII.1523
HII.1522
HII. 1524
HII. 1525
HI7.1518

QO^H~

<~}
k#H~
#$i
QOQ^~
hHO~
~=@

HII. 1558
HII. 1558
HII. 1557
HII. 1562
HII. 1565
HII. 1568

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

126

N<^
QqO^^=[
q+
=i
~OQ<^

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=
3 =~`` \H
4 " KOkH
5 c[Q}`^~}=
6 =H~O^^~}=
7 O` zO`=}
^~}= (?)
=~ =~O_=
M@H k
*`H~=
Q= \H
1 `_~#O^
2 `lH hHO~
1 ~= q<^ H~}=
2 =~ zO`=}
3 O` H
QzO`=}
+^~
(=~ zO`=}\ H)
q+H~}=
Q=\H
Q_~ HtH

H=

HII. 1657
HII. 1578
HII. 1583
HII. 1586
HII. 1587
HII. 1600

HII. 1590
HII. 1603
HII. 1608
HII. 1602
HII. 1603

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~
Q}
H$+
#$O
k"H~

<~}
<Q
QqO^
t=
q<^

~zOz# QO^=
*`HOH~=
1 c[#"O~=
2 *`H^u \H
1 ~+O
2 "<"iHO
1 ^*`H=
2 *`H^u
3 Q}` `` zO`=}
4 =H~O^ q=~}O
H= ^u \H
Q^
~\H (hHO~)
1 =~ K_=}
2 J#O` ^\H
1 `lH hHO~ \H
2 ~^O` \H
(Q<~ HtH)
3 ^O` t~=} \H
4 H~} ` \H
5 =H~O^ \H
6 Q= \H

127

H=

QO^H~

HII. 1603
HII. 1628
HII. 1601
HII. 1606

HII. 1618
HII. 1619
HII. 1622
HII. 1618
t=
HII. 1628

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

128

q@nH`
=h~

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=

H=

7 `~} \H
8 J#O` ^~ \H
9 ~=q<^ H~}\H
10 ~O^ x~}=
11 q+ H~} \H
12 Hg *`H ^u \H
13 =^O` \H
14 uk zO`=} \H
15 KO^=# `O` \H
16 |$*`H \H
17 Nu ^u \H
18 "t+ O` \H
19 |$`O` \H
1 J#O` ^~ \H
HII. 1618
2 =~ K_=}
=~ H^=O
HII. 1627
1 ^O` ~=
HII. 1628
2 ^O` ~= \H
3 \~=
4 x$~^f (b=f\H)
5 =sz

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~

~zOz# QO^=

(^O` ~=\H)
H=H~ @ ^O` `` q"H=
=^=
tkh \H (hHO~)
=^=[
1 ^u +}=
2 H`
~OQ<^
1 ^O` K_=}
2 Ow qOw H~}=
3 Q YO_#=
4 Q YO_#=
x`#O^
~^O` ~[
H$+
`lH H=
|^
1 ~~`O
2 #~`O
H$+
1 H~} H=
2 `O` ~`=
~`HO~
OKOQ H`H=
~<^
=~=
q^}
"iH`O`O
=^=
=~nH=
QqO^
1 ~H=
2 |$*`H\ H
Q}u
=~ Q}u

129

H=
HII. 1628
HII. 1633
HII. 1637
HII. 1638

HII. 1639
HII. 1649

HII.1653
HII. 1658
HII. 1660
HII. 1660
HII. 1661
HII. 1678
HII. 1685

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

130

QO^H~
zO`=}
[^~
^^@
<~}

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=
~=zO`=}
` H
H~}=m \H
1 ~~ ^xk
2 ~*`H "Y
3 `lH ^xk
4 Q}H (QO^O)
5 ~Q~=
=}H=
^O` =\

~=#O^
[Q<^
##
M^ H@~
[O

~=
^u KOkH
[~=
~==$`O
H u

||P *u+
OH~
"+=H~}O
H$+

~=M^
=}~=
QQ}` zO`=}
=
|^O`~O
=^~<^
O`~[ @#=

H=
HII. 1685
HII. 1704
HII. 1719
HII. 1738

HII.1738
HII. 1738

HII.1740
HII. 1745

HII.1766
HII.1768
HII.1774
HII. 1781
HII. 1782

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~

~zOz# QO^=

131

H=

zO`=}nH` 1 ~ ^O`i}
HII. 1783
2 Q#O^=
~=
1 M@H$u
HII. 1810
2 OKOQ~
3 ^u KOkH
t=
uk i*`=
HII. 1815
k#H~
1 Qq*# i}
HII. 1812
2 =" i}
3 Qi}
4 HOui}
5 KO^^OH*
6 ^$H~i}
7 Q +@*
8 `i} \H
9 O` zO`=} \H
"r
^O` t~=} H= HII.1818
*~
1*u+ ~} q~^=~#O HII. 1818
2 Jq~^H q"H=O_#O
3 O`~["< (?)
4 `~=eH
5 =}HOu
6J#qH
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

132

QO^H~
#$O
(^=)

~f *u+G Ki`

~zOz# QO^=

H=

1 ~MQ}`=
HII. 1821
2 uH}qu
3 #"^=
4 *uK~=~#O
5 J^ qz`OQO
6 `` q"H sH
7 JOHQ}`=
8 e` *u+=
9 =#=Ok~
O`=~#=
r=<^
1 ~ c[\H
HII. 1822
2=H
hO|~
QH
HII.1823
~<^
# OKOQ=
HII. 1828
~<^K~ *u+ zO`=}
HII. 1829
H$+
1 *u+zO`=}
HII. 1829
2 *u+GO
q<H
(H~H }K`) Q^# H+H=
HII. 1854
QOQ^~
=~O^
HII. 1859
"OH>H`~ *u~}`=
HII. 1879
"=#H$+
|$`OKOQ
HII.1889
^<^~}=
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

QO^H~

~zOz# QO^=

QOQ^~uH P~}O (
q<HO_~OQ 1 "<H ^^^~
2 O_~
3 J~HO_=
4 ^O`~=
^H~k"k 1 n~=$` H}=
2 qz`
3 "=KO^ $OQ#^#O
4 ^K~K~
5 O_ H~
6 =~Mx~}=
7 ^~=
8 QH~}=
9 Qm ~MQ}`O
10H_ (J#"^O)
11 Q}H `~Oy}
12 u^HO
OH~H$+ ~f *u+=
iH$+
|$* u~="
N^
J<O `` q"H=
"OH@~=}^=[

133

H=
HII. 1889
HII. 1889

~f *u+G Ki`

Q^=i
|Q^ *u+=
J~ *u+O ~`

HII. 1899

HII. 1908
HII. 1944
HII. 1945

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

134

II OK O=`~=O Q^HO *u I
k#~# =OQO }= t~zII
1
}= t~HO Ja"^ ~fO
H*#O =Hq Q^ =`#II
2
*u=#O H$`O =H=# ~
q}O =`OH [ H~ ^II
3
x~HO ^^~|O kQ}O Qu O[HO
+ +`O ^O ~}O~t~K`II 4
~H"` =~ ^HO ""
`^kQO = `H (#^H)II 5
^` q^ ~KO^ ==^H
~~ ^H}~ ==}^ II
6
^~=$k ~O H L^Q`
^H}` q~ +}~<`II
7
(kQ}O) = OK ~ <^ ` ^(O)
K`~O^=O(K) k~Q^O |"`II 8
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

135

= "[ q` ~t< [O
^`H<^ J~OK= |`II 9
II O~+H H~ H^^ H^`
UH^ Q}# H~ KO^"kII
10
H~O+H < H SH# qOu
T#< uu=^` =# q`II
11
`O k#O Q `~ ha#"
~kH KQ` ~O ^=`" #=H~"^"II12
H^ OK^K~O `^ Hqu x~`
#=a Q`O ` ^<O ^kH#` II 13
^ M ~+
z< =+} =^} I
~=$ [ H$
*O Wu |HeVII
14
*"^O =O q^` ~~ ~`~I
^#O` K`~ H<O ^q< HII 15
H^ qO` ^=~ <_HI
^uO` ``<O `+\f `kHO"`II16
<_H^ =~ OK`=_HO
P_H` OH^} @~~` uaII
17
HO H = ~^x `^
#==x # OK H OKH~ $`II 18
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

136

~f *u+G Ki`

qO Q}< yQ< qxi`


~ < =< + < q^KO^=< |`<II19
II Jf` ~Q ^^ kQ}OukO
`+ =O_Q+ ukxOQ` ~qII
20
~ ^# H Q}OukO
H` `` = q^^^xH HII 21
^`~ #` Q`O`
+O`` ^H}`7#I
`^H + kQ}O qHO
^^O^ k==}"II
22
^~O k#Q<O ^~} ~}
|`+O ` `^ q^` OM ~ }"II23
W` =^ H`
V~t Q`O q*` V# ~t<II
24
Jy *u " ~^7ku |$u
~ `~= Q "~= K II
25
k``k " kO^w q` U=K
WO^x~u ~" q^" ^=K II
26
q+~" =~}7*H` ^= K
J~|^ `^ Jt< = U=KII 27
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

137

#H` ^=`U` U`a~[ H~}


[=# G* ~~ #H` [$`"II 28
W`=O = =~}O =~^ ~}O
k#~# =OQO "M#O Q^7|g`II 29
II =~ Ki`O HH =`O
= ~ Ki`O q^< "^q^`II
30
q+=O `^Q}O ^O ~#O` +_}O
O`x ~} u^~O uk~"`II
31
=H =$` +H$+ =#
Q OK=~ H*#O KH`II
32
`$fO #=gOK= ~= =^`
++OK q+"< H ^^jOK =O"`II 33
K`~j ==^^ "^^k`
k#=u KO^= I
=HH H qOK "iH"II 34
^tM=~}O <Q<O =}^
`^` "^OQ }O *u+O =~ x`"II35
"^ *~ =a=$`
H# ~ q` *I
`k^O Hq^# GO
*u+O "^ "^ *<II
36
II Wu J~ *u+O ="II
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

138

~f *u+G Ki`

J<O
PH= #H `= ~ = Q #O_#. Wq `~ #O_
_=~ Jtx "^Hx ~=u =~ 12 ~Q =
H~=Q ##q. nxH HOu=$`=x ~. #H` KH=x _
JO\~.
D =$`= 360 _wQ ##k. XHH #H `=# 13.20
Q. e =}=#k. XHH #H`= ~O_ =_ JO`
HO> JkH"# #H` ==Q L<~. Hx #H`=
XH #H`=Q L<~. g\x UH`~ JO\~.
L^~}: z` u P~
XH #H`= Hx z# #H`= ==#_
"\ Jx\HO> ^^# #H`" P #H`=# ''Q`~
J#|_#.
q `# K@ `# u~Q` ~x K@ u~Q
K#k. J~` q iQ QO_=Q ^ . L`~ ^H} ^$ ==
O^ <Q LO_, `~ _=~O^ L`Q #O_#k.
=i =}= 231/2 _w =O` OY PH~=
iqOKK#k.
27 #H`= "^\ #H`= Jtx "+~t H#H
nxx "kQ ==i~. WH q+=` J#Q k#= ~u
=#=Q 12 QOII QH=, q+=` OII# ~O_
~ =K#. Jk =O` q+=` ~` q+=` J#|_#.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

139

WH <_=$`=`# Qi q=i#. PH=#O^


L`~ = #, L`~ ^$ =_x, ^H} =# ^H} ^$ =_x ~ O_ #H `=
H=. D ~O_ #H`= Q ^~= 180 _w#k. D
~O_ #H`= =OQ =^# XH =$`=# edOz#K
^xx <_=$`=O^~.
=O^ K |_# HOu =$` <_ =$`= U ^ =
<## XH^x` <H\ HH#@ OqOz# Z_ P H
Hx# ^=# 180 _w ^~= P ~O_ =~ H
H#@ OqOK#.
Wq `~ Hu[=#, t= Hu[=# H
H##. D HHx# ^=# O`=x ~. `~#
Hu [= Oq Oz# O`=# ''# "k x
HOu `=x ==i~. D #"k< "~
DH<H (=O` q+=`) Jx JO\~.
t= Hu [= Oq Oz# O`=# # `k
x HOu `=h ==i~ . D #`kx P@=
DH<H (~` q+=`) JO\~.
HOu =$`= `~Q#, t=Q# KeOKKO_@ =#
D # "k ~ = Q #O_^ . #"kxH #
`k xH ~_ =z#_ ~uO|Q =#=Q
#O\~. D O`= q+=`x ~ =z#k.
`= D #"k L`~^ #H`= ##^x
`eK#^xQx, Zx _w L#^ `eH#@ H =Q@^ .
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

140

~f *u+G Ki`

=.q+
#H` =$`O

q
~`. q+

Jt<k #H `= "x Q`~ "x ~O #=


=. ~O #=# Hx _w ^~= ##q. Jx
Q`~ ~O aO^=# `~Q 8 _w ^~= ##k.
~ =f #H `= 32 #H `= ==Q ##k. ~ =f Q`~
~=u z=~# t==Q ##k. ~=u ~O= #O_ 13
_w ^\#k. D q^=Q #H`= <^~= KHx
x~~OK O`". x~# "k J#|_#.
# x~# "^ HOu =$`= Q _w
^~=# ''J<O x ~. W\ J<O ^< <O
x, |}<Ox ~O_ q^=. HOu =$`= `~Q
KeOKK# _ #"k x~# "kH t=kQ
#O_#. JC_ J<O ^< <OQ #O_#. ^<
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

141

142

~f *u+G Ki`

<O# Q= _w H=#. |}<O#


Q= f"=#.
J<O ^<`H=#_ # OH=}=
x~# OH=}= HO> =O^Q U~_#. J<O
|}`H=#_ # OH=}= x~} OH=}"#
=@ Oq OK#. =~ 3600 OII J<O #
=Q#. P==# O`= (# "k) Jt<k
(x~# "k)` H=#. ~O\ s` OH=}= J<
aO^= #O^ OqOK#. nx< J<= OII=, r~
_w J<O, x ==i~.
WH ^$H^"# J<O ^# p# =`q@K#k.
#H `K H= (HOu=$`= ) `~Q HO`H=, _= ~Q HO`
H= L = u~QKO_#. O` aO^= KeOK@
^x ~k ^O`=O^ K|_#k. HOu=$`= `~Q
[~Q@ ~OaOz# 1800 OII= 27 _w ^~O [~Q#.
JK@ #O_ uiy "#H =o 1800 OII |^i# ^
=# K~#. W@ ~O_~ L= ~O_ P=$`=
~#K 7200 OII XH Q}= i Q#. (D Q}
~= QQ}= HO> a#"#k) W\ Q}=, HOu
=$`= `~Qu u~Q#_ XH =Q=# (4,32,000
OII) 600 Q}= OqOK#.
HOu =$` "iH J#Qu 54 H#x ~^O`=
"II QO^= #k. Hx H^ = =# ` = ^$H^ J#
Qu 50.3 Q ##k. (2009)

|^O`= =^O`= "II QO^= O^ HOu


=$`= `~ _=~Q u~QK#@ K|_#k. ^<
<O |}<O K|_~. ~=<O 27
_w. "iH#Qu 54 H#. =Q=# 600 Q } =
O_#x ~#k. O` q+= K|_^. =$^ =t+
^O`=O^ _ # ~# q^=Q< Jh K|_#q.
~^O`= D q+ = += Q W@ Ld OK
|_#k.

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

II uO` H$`Q<O KHOH iO|`I


`^}^ k<~H ^Q}^^"` II
`^ ^O q* J<a^II
HOu=$`" u~QK#^x, O`= KeOK@^x
p# ^O`=. P^x HOu=$`= ~=Q ##^x,
O`" KeOKK#^x JO\~. ~ O_O\ Uk u~QK##
e ` q+ = ^ " g^ . Hx ~f O` K#=
JOwH~= H^.
O` aO^= ZC_ t=a=Y=Q HK
Q= u~QK#> iqOKK#^x 25,868 OII
HOu=$`=# K\ =KK#^x, ~=<O= 360
_wx, J<O= ZC_ ^#`"Qx, |}`=
^x ` KCK<~.
Hx, 180 _w J<O =z#_ ~ |`^~ =
q~ =Q#x, "#= ^^ ==Qx Pt#==
|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

143

144

~f *u+G Ki`

Qx =K#x, J> `#= }=Qx, K `==


Qx H=K#x, JO^=# =O` |`= H=#O^ ~^
|`^~= HQ#x, Wk qs` ^~=x H#H ~=
<O 360Q, QOK~^x ~f ^O`=.
P~^ O`= J#Qu OII=# 54 H#. "^
([~) sHO KQ `e#k 51 H# ` = 2009 <\H,
` ^O`s`, 51.3
H^ = =# "iH#Qu =~KO_#. JO`QH Hx
Jxi+ K#==#, H$uH , JuHO "II "\
=# = } JH= HkQ KeOK#h, nx =# _ =~
O==x `eK#k.
D q+" ` K f==Q i^# KK <~.
# x~# "^ Q ^= J<O=
H#H # x~# ^"O`~= J<O=x K
=K#. =# p# QO^= x~# #H` ^== K
|_#q. Hx Jt<k Jx #H `= K |_# #H `^$ ==
f ^O` a#=Q ##k.
~ | = =$^ `= =^O`
OK^OuH =s |Q ^O`Y~
*ui^~} ^O` t~=} Q=O ^O`
OQ O ^O` ^~ }O ~#O^H~ }
O *u~}
` O H `H
Q Q}` O Q ^# H+H O ~^O`O (|~ " M#O)
D Jx ^O`=O^ UH"H` ^.

=# p#K QOK|_# Q`~ ^== H^O|


f=x HO^~ , ^ =f=x HO^~ " <~.
J<O iy#Hn ^=f= Hk =~ HQ
KO_#. g\x OiOK= O_#.
#H`^$== q+= ~ | = =$^
=t+ ^O` P~ L`~ x ~_ #H `^$ ==
=`= ~ ~ ^ = H#|_K#k. qye# #H `= ^ =
^. Wk YH =^^+= =# [iyO_=K#x HO^~
`KK<~.
D <Q ^O`= K |_# ^$ == `=H
^$ ==# K `_ #k. Wk H^ = =# HeyO_
=K#. D `=H ^$==K Hk =~` |Q_
"^Q p<K~ QOz<~. p#H= "^
K O`= =K`#, "^ #O_ `=K`#,
"i "i ^$== ~~^= HeyO_@ [".
#H` ^$== D #H` ^$== =#< kOK|_#
J<O=K QOK=#x KC@ Z=iH H=H^. D
#H`= =#< J<O=# kOK=## qk "H"n
^.
JO`QH #H` ^$== _ Z\HC_ `=`=
H= "^K sHO KH"x, ``` H "^ ^ #H ` ^$ ==
=#< P H=O^ ==iOKH<x ~^O`=
#O^ +=Q L#k.

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

|N "_=~ O`=~

145

~f *u+G Ki`

II QO|^ sH` qHO^$=HO@"I


~^O`O Qu12
J~` "^ KO_< QO^H ^$== QOz H`~
"II"~ z` #H ` ^$ == Q Oz J<O kOz<_.
W^ `= K`H J<O=x ==iOK|_K#k.
Wk ^$Hk=H^. H#H QOK~^.
z` #H` ^$==# P p# QO^=, J~p#
QO^= W@ ~<q.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

~^O`=
| ^O`=
= ^O`=
=$^ ^O`=
`= ^O`=
OK ^OuH
|Q ^O`=
^O` Y~=
^O` t~=}
Q==
t+n =$k^=
*ui^~}=

180 _w
180 _w
180 _w
180 _w
183 _w
181 _w
183 _w
183 _w
183 _w
183 _w
184 _w
183 _w

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

146

13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.

~f *u+G Ki`

~O_= P~\ =
^O`^~}=
OQ=
H`~
*u~}` ~=`HO
Q^# H+HO

182.50 _w
179 _w
183 _w
180 _w
184 _w
203 _w

z` #H`= UH`~H"## p#, #g# _


^$==# a#a#=Q ZO^ K<~ H~}= `e^.
H#H #H` ^$==# P~OKHx J<O= kOK
_^x +=QK#k.
UH#H `= P~ z` u qye#q |`~H=
Wk ~ ^O`=#O^ _ K |_#k. #H `= Q`~
x~} K#_ u #H`=# K|_# `~H
=^= Jx\HO > ^^ # #H `" P #H `=# Q
`~x `H#=#x ~k ^O`= K|_#k.
~=f #H` Q`~ q+= q"^^=Q ##k.
~=f #H`= H Q`~ kO^#^x, z` #H`
Q`~, ~=O^#^x = k+ ~^O`=
+=Q ##k. JO^=# x~# "k ## ~=f
#H`=# #"k ZO` ^~= ##^ x~#
`k ## z` Q`~ JO` ^~=< # `k
#^x `eK#k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

147

J#Q k## ~=f Q`~ #O_ ~=O^# z`


Q`~ =~ 180 _w JO`~= #> (^~=) ~= O^#
z` Q`~ #O_, k## ~=f Q`~ =~ JO`
^~= (180 _w) LO_=#. Hx J@O_@^.
Q=xOKO_.
D ~ O_ #H `= # x~ # ^$ == "\ =#
kOz# J<O= W@#k.
L^~} :1945 OII=#
# ~=f ^$== 19.13.43 # z`^$== 203.12.43
x~ # ~ =f ^$ == 359.50.00 x~ # z`^$ == 180.00.00
19.23.43
23.12.43

~=`<O= 192343, K`<O=


23.12.43, ~O_O\H JO`~= 3.49.0
Wq ~O_ =#=Q LO_e, J^. WO^ Uk
QOKe? J#q+= ^$H^"#^ QOKe. JO`HO>
"~ =~= ^.
WO` =O^ z` #H `^$ ==# q=iOK#. WH ~ =f
#H ` ^$ ==# q=i#. D ~ =f #H `^$ == ke K
`Q JO^~ K <~ Wk O`~" . z`^$ == J
QH Hx ^O`= 180 Jx, Hx\ 179 x,
=iHx\ 181 Q=x WOHO^~ 184, 185 W a#
a#=Q K<~. D H~}=K` z` Q`~ ~
=O^ (x~#`k O^) ^x +=QK#k.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

148

~f *u+G Ki`

H#H ~=f ^$= k`<O= QOz, P O`


~=# OiOz QOK=Kx `K#k. K`H<O
= =, "==, ^$H^= HH=@=#
QOK~^.

x~# ~=f #H`^$==


1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.

~ ^O`=
359.50 _w
| ^O`=
359.50 _w
= ^O`=
359.50 _w
=$^ ^O`=
359.50 _w
`= ^O`=
360.00 _w
= ^O`=
360.00 _w
OK ^O`=
360.00 _w
=s=
360.00 _w
|Q
360.00 _w
K~
360.00 _w
^O` Y~=
360.00 _w
*ui^~}=
360.00 _w
^O` t~=}
360.00 _w
Q=O
360.00 _w
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.

^O` OQ=
^O` ^~}=
~#O^H~}=
*u~}` (~=`)
H`HQQ}`O (K`)
Q^# H+HO
~^O`O (|~)

149

360.00 _w
360.00 _w
360.00 _w
360.00 _w
359.18 _w
195.20 _w

Dq^=Q #H`^$== p# J~p# K


<~. W^QH =~H q+= _ Q=xOK=#k.
Jk, t~=} H~ J~# ~ O_= ~K~ Q "^# H^O |
f =$`=K K#@ "<~. #H`^$==# ^$=
f=$`=K K@# =iOK#.
#H ` ^$ == ^$ =f = Qx H^O | f=
H= Jx +=Q K J<O ^=# OiOK=#x
zOz<_.
nx <^~=Q KHx K=Ok, #H` ^$==, ^$=
f=x +=Q "i "i QO^= "<~.
=iHO^~ #H` ^$== _ H^O| f=x
"<~.
Dq^=Q Wk q"^Q" ~O_ ~H= q^#=
K~= ##q.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

150

~f *u+G Ki`

nxx =^ |k` q=iOKQ #H`^$== H^O|


f=< K=O_#. ~K~ K#@Q
J# qH~= OiOz#O` =`=# Jk ^$H^=Q#.
H#H "^ K#=~=^ Jx KC@ g^. "\
_ HO`~= _f~#.
H^O| f=` P^$== =~ KO^O_
ZC_ XHq^=Q #O_#x KC@ g^. JC_
=~ KO^=K#. ~H^$== `= ^O`=<\H
=~ KOk#@ +=QK#k.
^$ == ^$ =`=x P ^O`= K |_ O_
^. Q= H^O| f=Q@ =#, ^$==#
H^O| f= O_H `H=@ =# H^O|f
=x "~Q K=# x^.
Dq^=Q q^=Q KiOz# N^ "OH@ ~=} ^=[
~ ^$H^"# J<O# =`" QOK=#x, ~=`H
K `H J<O= ~ O_ ^$# i=x J"= x,
Gq~^=x, H#H< QOK@ `Q=x x~Oz<~.
K~x kOz H~}~x OiOK@ =# =z#^
Yz`"# J<Ox ^O`=.
WH P^x HO^~ HO` i^# K r~ J<O
= O=`~=# W@ q=iOK~.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

151

H~
.....
388 HII.
_II_q_<
.....
317 HII.
l. =
.....
255 HII.
n~<
.....
125 HII.
. H<
.....
0 HII.
. Q<
.....
213 HII.
i
.....
285 HII.
H$+=i
.....
291 HII.
..~
.....
319 HII.
i
.....
498 HII.
H~
.....
499 HII.
KO^i
.....
238 HII.
OII=# J#K# q+= _ P^x
=`^=#q. p# "iH# Qu W q=iOK~.
54.0
P~@
461.31 ~^O`
59.9
~~
46.5 ~
=~q~
50.0
P^x a.q.~=< 50.3333
H.. (#HO) 50.2388475
H=O J<O q+" J"iHx Hei
"~. H>< _ < i^# K K XH "\ ~OkOz<_.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

152

~f *u+G Ki`

f OII= XH JO`~f ="= # U~@ K K<_.


nxx ..Z.H. JO\~. J#Q ''H#~< P< +< JO_
UxO\ <_
D OII= D ="= 10 JH|~ 2009 [~Q#.
WOH i q=~= `H#Q~"~ D HOk "\
^iOKO_.
w.w.w. binary researchinstiture.org

J# K#= H H\ #@Q `H=Q ^iOK@


D HOk "\ ~OkOK~. WO^ J<H
q+ =
KiOK|_K#q. w.w.w. carnaval.com/precession.

J<O#, "^\ H#Q#k


Dl"~?
WH D J<O q+ =# Hx\# "~ w^j_#
''~ (H..127) `eiQ D J<O# H#Qx#@
YQG"` KCK<~. ZO^K`##Q W`x QO^=O^
"^\ i nx =# H#|_K#k.
Hx W`xHO> K O=`~= =O^Q< Dl"iH
J#K#= `e#x, "i =^ ~ <~ H<#x ''~|~
" ` # ''k Dl H_ (2007) J# Q O ^ =
=}=Q x~Oz<~.
JO`QH HII 410485 H KOk# x+" J~#
w O_` ''H _ _H J<O K# q+ =
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

153

154

~f *u+G Ki`

=O^Q Hx\#k ~ H^x, J`_ Dl "i=^ <~


H<#x +=Q "<_. H __H, H_ Q}`=
# J^`"# "M#= "<_.
~ `# Dl ~ @# JQO_ YQG=
#OK#. ~|~" HO> =O^Q< HII. 1820 OK
YQG"` ''r< p# Dl ^j J~<O
K#= `e#x "<_.
W\=< ~+ < YQG"` _II JQO_~ Q~< (WO@~
+# J< qH, x<, " _ O \) p# Dl" iH
~#H`=, q+=K#= Qi ZO` J=Q# #^x
x~Oz<_.
WOH W\e< YQG"` ye=w, J"iH< YQ
G"` W..H$ "II ZO^~ GA p# Dl ^j
J<O i*#=# Hx_<~.
i #H `^ =, ^xH#Q}=Q xiOz# ~q _
WO^ H =x "~ x~OK~.
ZeO\< n=x u ^"=, ^O_~x S
^"=, H ~ g= ## `` HO_ ## ~
^"=, qq^ ~q _ Q_ "# ~Q H "`
= Wk `=x |A=QK#k.
HII~O 5000 OIIH`O q H JH= _Hx
`< #H `=#O^O_^x P<_ Jk Dl # ^$ =#H `=x

`eK#k. <\ H 12,000 OII `~"` qH L`~


^$=#H`= "~x "Q (
) J=`O^x GA KC
K<~. ` = ^$ =#H `= L~"# ~x i #O^#k.
H#H< =# ~}=O^ ^$=_ PH= 26 "
OII #H `=Q "QO^#x q+= =~qz#@ "|_#k.
=# ~}=x K q+= YQG O|O^
"#"#x ZO^~ GA i^# K q=iOz<~.
~q_ Jup#"# ''H~ "@~q_ XH YQ
"^ x, ==# ^~ K ~q _ H^x x~OK|_#k.
`^#O`~ H= P ~q_ ^~z# == H P`
i "II #H`=# K~#x JO^ q= |^i,
~q_ "Q~=#q.
p# Dl "i ~~^# ~O #k P=[
"i ~, O $u, ijeOz#K Ju~`# H= "~
~`^= #O_ = "o#"~ J#@ O^= ^.
''@~"< < J# [~< WO_l (17961840) Dl#
WO_` `<`H^#= K i_. O^ ~}
= Dl ''OYn= Q K|_#k.
Dl ~[=O_ =<. ~`^O "^\ "_
=#=. H.. #Oz Dl"i` ~f O|O^ O^
", "~= LO__=x `#k. W@ q=iOz#K
K ^ QO^=Q#. Ja+ l* H"~ DHOk H
= J^#O KO_.

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

|N "_=~ O`=~

~f *u+G Ki`

155

1.

The Complete Pyramids - Mark Lehner 1997.

2.

Myth and symbol in Ancient Egypt - R.T. Rundle Clark- 1978.

3.

The Orion Mystery - Robert Bauval & Gilsert 1994

4.

The Egypt code - Robert Bauval - 2007

5.

Abusir-Realm of osiris - Miroslav Verner 2002

6.

The Death of Gods in Ancient Egypt - Jame. B.seller -1992

7.

The Cult of Ra- Stephen Quirke- 2001

8.

Journal of Egyption Archaeology


Vol 3 - 1916, Vol 17- 1931, Vol 63 - 1977

9.

The Ancient Gods speak - Donalld - 2002

10. Echos of the Ancient skies - E.C.Krupp 1994


11. Gods in the sky: Astronomy from the Ancients to the Renaissance A.Chapman - 2002

W WOH K i~< L<~. =Y"#q. Hx


=`" q=iOK#.

KO^i x~Oz#k
N KO^ i J<O Qi =_ H = ~zOK~.
1True Ayanamsa,
2 ~tKHO(=O),
3 Hindu Zodiac and Ancient Astronomy (2003)
238 A.D. r~ J<O OII=x g~ x~OK~. WO^
i J~<OHO> 46 xq+=. Z=Q O@Ok.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

156

~f *u+G Ki`

Q}` s ` J<O iQ 360 _w i H"O> 25758


OII _`Ok.
~td =}= 1385 J=`~. ~= H
x~} H=}= 6992977 ~A.
360 _w J~# K#=/ 25758 OII
J~` 120 _w 8586
1 _wH 50.3144651 JQK#k.
P^ xH ^O`s` O=`~=# ~A #x~ #
s` W@#q.
x~# OII= 365. 2563625 ~A.
# OII= 365.24219 ~A.
Wk p# ~ ^O`=# ^Q~Q ##k. JO^
365.25875 Q K|_#k.
Q O=`~= _ J#K#=# `H#=Kx
''KO^i zOK~.
HeQ =}= 432000 1203600 120B
120 _w 8526 OII
D q^=Q qye# Q= _ W@O_#.
HeQ= 4,32,000 1200 8586 OII=
^~Q= 8,64,000 2400 17172 OII=
``Q= 1,296,000 480 25758 OII=
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

~f *u+G Ki`

157

H$`Q= 1,728,000 1200 85860 OII=


1 =#O`~=# 864000
H=# 3360
HeQk #O^ 4600. 401 J<OQ qOK=K.
| [##= ~} #H`=#O^#k.
nxs` r~ J<O W@ kOK=K.
4600.401 (8586120) 3339 OII=
D 3339 |Q^ OYQ J<H=OkK x~OK|_#k.
3339 =Ok ^=` Jyx u Oz#@#k. H#H He "t Oz#
3339 II r~ J<O U~_#k.
HeQ ~OO 3101 B.C. r~ J<O 238 A.D.J#Q
3339-3101 = 238 A.D.
U O=`~=#H< J<O H#Q< q^#O Dq^= Q
''KO^i x~Oz<~.
(OII= 238) (120/8586)
OII= 238/ 71.55
WH_ =z# 71.55 Wk =#=x $^O^# XH
xq+=# 7172 ~ J##k Q~ KK#k. =#=x
$^O^# q` J#O^#=Q@# =~H =Y
KH=Q ##k.
L^~}: 1995 OII# J<O `H=##
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

158

~f *u+G Ki`

1995238/71.55 24.55625437
240.331.2211.52 H# =K#.
i J<O 1995 OII=#
23.411.3011
KO^ i J<O i J<O 46 xq+=
`_ =K#.
p# ~^O`` s` q+=` =$`= 21600
OIIQ ##k.
(25758 OII |^Q) nx< QH= #
J#O^#= K#K
HeQO 4,32,000 21,600 20
=Q=# 4,32,000 21,600 200
120 _w J# K#= 4,32,000/600
7200 OII (8586 OII= |^Q) =KK#k.
"+OHOu LQk p# ^O`= HO> `qk ~A
37 =O^Q =K#. (90.371) p# ~ ^O`s`
OII=# J#K#= 501.
~+H=# Qi _ ''KO^i Hx qt+ u
^# K~.
j~~+ H ` J#^xH
|=# "~ Jx OM"KH= H^x ''=$`=
Jx J~=x W@ q=iOK~.
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
|N "_=~ O`=~
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

..

..

~f *u+G Ki`

159

` ^ }=#O^ _ WO^ ^H=Q P^~


=#k. J_ "`= J~= W@ =K#.
j~ ~+ =Y =~O__
H
q+=$`= Celestial Equator
`
Q}` =$`= Nodal Circle
q
Hu[= Horizon
q`=$`
HOu=$`= Ecliptic
D q^=Q ~+H=, YQG i*#= `e
*K#k. "^=O^e Hx H= W>, YQG=#
O^+ `e*CK#q. O_`=`@, Q=^#
Q= Hey# ^ =`" g\ =iH~= q=iOK
=~Q^~.
II t"~}= II

E
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

160

~f *u+G Ki`

==^ aOK "^=i =O`G=


N^=q^
N ~= `O`=
J#= =O`O``O`t~=}
J#= =O`O` zO`=}
J#= =O`O` GO
"=K~O Hm H~~`O`O
H}`O` ~OL_`O`O
`O`"x `O`=O[i
NH `O`OHH KO_~`O`O
H=~` `O`O=[ `O`=
J| `O` QO^=
"~`O` OQ=
`O`G QO^=o (8 `O`)
PH ~=`O`O
HK~O, h~f`O`O, H=M`O`O
|$h `O`O
=Q} HtH(g@i "^=)
O|~r= (P~^O)
J=$`~O
P~^ z\
O~ P~QxH P~^O
q Q$"^O
H =eH zH`
H =Q} nH

39500
39000
7500
4500
1500
3600
3600
3600
3600
3500
3500
3500
8000
4500
3600
15000
60000
7500
3500
1800
2100
8000
1800
4800

1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678
1234567890123456789012345678901212345678901234567890123456789012123456789012345678

|N "_=~ O`=~

You might also like