Hundred Years of War 1337 1453

The 100 years war, in reality, was a series of wars between the English and French It lasted for a period of 116 years

Causes of the war

King Philip VI of France attempted to assert control over the English held territories The French also supported the Scots against England English angered the French by virtue of English King Edward III s claim to the French throne

Causes of the war

William, Duke of Normandy, led an invasion of England and crowned himself the King As Normandy was a region of France, he remained a servant of France which was humiliating for him Also, certain monarchs resented that the English King was holding some region in France Subsequently, the dynasty of the Duke was succeeded by the Angevin Kings

Causes of the war

John of England, part of the Angevin empire, had weaknesses which were exploited by Philip II of France Philip II was successful in getting back most of the ancient territories from England back These were the events that led to the whole rift and series of wars between England and France

Start of the War (1337)

Battle of Sluys - French fleet was destroyed by Edward III - Gave English control over the English Channel and ensured that England would not be invaded Battle of Poiters (1359) - Edwards son won over the French at Poiters resulting in the capture of John II, the then King of France Treaty of Bretigny (1360) - Was signed after the death of John II in captivity which resulted in brief period of peace

 The Battle of Agincourt, 1415 - English army of 6000 troops overwhelmed a vastly superior French army of some 20 to 30 thousand - The battle marked England s third great Hundred Years War victory English Conquest of Northern France, 1422 Victory of Joan of Arc at Orlans, 1429 - In 1428, the English laid siege to Orlans - In 1429, Joan of Arc, saved the city who was subsequently captured by the Burgundians who then sold her to the English

 Treaty of Arras, September 21, 1435 Reconquest of Normandy & Guyenne, 1450 1451 By 1453, the English had lost all of their holdings in France with the exception of Calais.

End of the Hundred Years War, 1453

Finally, Henry VI made peace with France in 1453 and the Hundred Years War came to an official end In 1558, the French took Calais.