Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009

Vin khoa hc v cng ngh gtvt

TRUNG TM THNG TIN
KHOA HC K THUT GTVT
Thng tin Khoa hc cng ngh
Giao thng vn ti
S 11 - 2009
Xut bn t nm 1985
CHU TRCH NHIM XUT BN
v ng it
tel: 04. 37664764
bin tp & trnh by:
phng thng tin khcn
tel: 04. 37664771
a ch to son:
1252 - ng Lng - ng a - h ni
Tel & fax: 04. 37664765
Ti khon: 002.1.00.079373.1
ngn hng ngoi th- ng h ni
chi nhnh thnh cng
Giy php xut bn:
146/GP.XBBT ngy 13 thng 4 nm 2004
NI IN: c.ty c phn in ng bc
MUC LUC CONTENTS
nhng vn chung general issues
3. Sn bo v cu thp v kt cu thp: Mt s vn
cn bn
Protective paints used for steel bridges and
structures: Some matters need be discussed
4. Cc bin php gim kh thi cha Carbon Dioxide
t cc phng tin vn ti
Ways to reduce Carbon Dioxide emissions from
transport
5. Sng m thanh gip tit kim chi ph cho ng b
Sound waves save costs for roads
7. Hng Air - Baltic chng suy thoi kinh t
Air - Baltic carrier props up against the economic
recession
7. Cc hng bay tch cc ngn chn i dch cm
ln ly lan
Air carriers prevent spread of the swin flu great
epidemic

vn tI transport
8. ng t Egnatia Odos (Hy Lp)
The Egnatia Odos road line (Greece)
9. Lin doanh tay ba AirFrance KLM Delta Air
Lines nng cao hiu qu ng bay xuyn -
i Ty Dng
The triple joint venture AirFrance KLM Delta Air
Lines for increasing efficiency of the Trans -
Atlantic flight line
10. Boeing v c Airbus u gim sn lng
Both Boeing and Airbus reduce their productivity
10. Cc hng bay a phng Hoa K chng tc
ng ca suy thoi kinh t
USs local airlines resist impacts of the economic
recession
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


11. Tu in Kuala Lumpur thng ngon
trn cao
Kuala Lumpurs trams taking pleasure
on top of the city
12. Nh xe dng nng lng mt tri
Garage using the solar energy

Cng nghip GTVT Transport industry
13. Nhng cng ngh ni bt trn
Mercedes E - class mi
Prominent technologies on the new
Mercedes E - class
14. Mi tt c ln tu u n I-Bullet
All aboard the I - Bullet
15. Xe but chy hai loi nhin liu u tin
ca Anh s gim c mt na lng
kh thi
Britains first dual fuel Bus will cut
emissions by half
17. Cng ngh ch to xung polime
composite cu trc li t ong
Technology used for building the polimer
composite canoes with structure of the
bees nest core
18. Thit b t ng ha dn ng h tr
trnh bo cho tu thuyn trn bin
The automatic navigation device helps
ships and boats to avoid storm on the sea

Xy dng GTVT transport construction
20. Bt ng trong chn v tr xy ng
st trn cao Th H Ni
Divergences in selection of the location to
build the elevated railway in Hanoi
21. Nhng vn hm ng b v cu
vt
Problems concerning road tunnels and
flyovers
23. V sao m cu London Thin nin k b
lc l?
Why did the London Millennium bridge
wobble?
24. ng st xuyn s ni lin vo nm
2015
The trans - Asia railway to be linked by
the 2015
26. Cu Millau, tc phm cng ngh v m
thut tuyt vi
The Millau brigde, a wonderfull work in
technology and fine art

An ton giao thng traffic safety
27. Hi tho an ton giao thng khu vc
chu Thp k hnh ng v an ton
giao thng ng b
The workshop on traffic safety in Asian
region: The Decade of action for the road
traffic safety
28. Bin tn hiu thng minh gip ngn
chn cc v va m xe c
Smart traffic sign stops collisions
29. Xe thng minh c th hc c t
cch li ca ch s hu v cnh bo
c khi thy c nguy c tai nn
Intelligent car able to learn from owners
driving and warn in case of accident
hazard
31. Chung quanh v tai nn my bay cht
50 ngi ngy 12-2-2009 ti Hoa K
Around the aircraft accident that killed 50
people on Feb. 12, 2009 in the US
31. Php chiu phim v an ton giao thng
France presents films of traffic safety

Trang tin vn news in brief
- Ba 1: Cu cho ngi b hnh Florida
- Ba 4: Du thuyn Rissing
nhng vn chung GENERAL ISSUES
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


Sn bo v cu thp v kt cu thp: Mt s vn cn bn
hng nm gn y, do thc trng cc cng
trnh cu ng st khai thc lu nn
xung cp m yu cu vn ti th ngy mt nng
cao, v vy B GTVT, Tng cng ty SVN rt
ch trng n vic u t thay mi, gia c sa
cha. Trong , cng tc sn bo v cu l mt
yu cu khng th thiu.
Theo nhn nh ca cc chuyn gia u
ngnh, sn bo v l mt trong nhng yu t ht
sc quan trng tc ng trc tip n tui th
ca kt cu thp nht l trong iu kin mi
trng, kh hu khc nghit v cng tc duy tu
bo dng cn hn ch nc ta.
Trong thi gian qua, B GTVT thc s xem
vn sn bo v l vn quan trng. B
ban hnh cc tiu chun ngnh quy nh v loi
sn, phng php th, quy trnh thi cng v
nghim thu. Tng cng ty SVN cng c quyt
nh s 751/Q-S-QLXD ban hnh quy nh
trong ngnh S v sn cu thp v kt cu thp.
Cc n v t vn trong ngnh cng ch
trng hn khi a nhng quy nh, tiu chun kh
r rng v sn bo v vo n thit k.
Theo , cc n v thi cng c rt nhiu
c gng trong cng tc chn sn tt trn th
trng (k c dng sn ngoi nhp), trang b y
thit b my mc thi cng nh thit b phun
ct, thit b sn, my nn kh c lc nc.
Nhng trn thc t, sn c mt nhp cu
thp va bn, p li va tit kim cn nhiu vn
cn bn. Ngoi vic chp hnh ng cc ch
dn, cc quy nh hin hnh th yu t con ngi
(ngi thc hin cng tc sn) l im mu cht.
Cc khu thc hin cng tc sn nhn qua th n
gin, d lm nhng sn ng, sn p, sn
khng lng ph l iu khng d dng cht no.
Do , t khu gim st cht lng, cn b
k thut, n cng nhn lao ng u phi a
ra tiu chun chn ngi c thc trch nhim
cao, c kinh nghim. Kho st thc t trn mi
cng trnh, mt s n v cn nh gi thp v
cng tc sn, thng xem nh vn ny. Bi
vy, nhng n v thi cng nn t chc o to
th chuyn mn t cng tc lm sch b mt
n cng tc sn, t chc thnh b phn chuyn
thi cng sn.
Mt lnh o ngnh S cho bit, thun
tin cho cng tc thi cng, kim tra gim st, cn
c quy nh mi mt lp sn trong cng trnh
dng mt mu sn khc bit nhau. Bn cnh ,
cn trang b my mc hin i nhm phc v
cng tc kim tra cho cc b phn KCS (kim tra
cht lng sn phm), gim st cht lng, nht
thit phi c my o dy sn.
Mt khc, c c sn tt, ngoi vic chn
b sn ng quy nh, ph hp vi cng trnh,
phi kim tra chng ch ngun gc, ly mu th
nghim i chng cc c quan t cch php
nhn; Phi dng ng l sn c th nghim
v ch cc ch dn s dng v sn, dung mi
ca nh my sn xut sn. Khi dng sn ca nh
sn xut no, nh thu cn hp ng cht ch
c cn b k thut ca nh sn xut n thc
t cng trnh hng dn pha ch, thc hin sn
ng yu cu k thut cng nh thc hin tt
cng tc bo hnh sn phm sn.
Hin trn tuyn ng st Thng nht cn c
mt s cu c c sn t trc gii phng
(trc nm 1975), thng c lp sn lt mu
gch, khi co khng bong tng lp m ch bay
bi, lp sn ph mu en nh sn hc n. Mc
d tri qua rt nhiu nm khai thc nhng sn
vn cn tc dng bo v.
Thit ngh, cn c nhng nghin cu, phn
tch, tm hiu v cht thp, loi sn, cch pha
ch, phng php thi cng c c nhng
loi sn ph hp vi iu kin kh hu ca tng
vng min nc ta v t c nhng ti
thit thc hn, hiu qu hn i vi cng tc bo
v cu thp v kt cu thp trn tuyn STN.
P.T.
Theo Vn
N
nhng vn chung GENERAL ISSUES
4

Cc bin php gim kh thi cha Carbon Dioxide
t cc ph- ng tin vn ti
ic m bo cc ngun cung cp nng
lng v s thay i kh hu lun chim mt
v th cao trong chng trnh ngh s v nng
lng ton cu. V ngnh vn ti cng khng phi
l mt ngoi l khi m hu nh mi phng thc
vn ti: Trn b, trn khng v trn bin, u dng
n cc loi nhin liu ho thch v do vy th u
thi ra kh CO
2
. Mc tiu th nng lng cho cc
mc tiu vn ti chim ti 20% tng lng tiu
dng nng lng ca th gii.


iu quan trng nht hin nay l a c
ngun nng lng c th phc hi (ti to) vo s
dng trong ngnh vn ti v lm cho ngnh ny
ho nhp c vi h thng nng lng ny. Mi
phng thc vn ti: Trn b, bng ng khng
v trn bin, u c nhiu c hi c th gim
lng kh thi CO
2
. Di y l nhng bin php
c th vn dng cho tng loi phng tin c th.
Vn ti trn b
Loi xe con: S lng xe con trn th gii
ang gia tng nhanh chng. Khng bao lu na
ngi ta c th lm cho chng tr thnh loi
phng tin c hiu sut s dng nhin liu cao
hn nhiu. Chng hn nh v lu di th loi xe
con chy in np bi cc tua bin gi, c th l
mt gii php tt i vi h thng nng lng
ton cu. Trong mt tng lai khng xa, loi xe
chy bng pin nhin liu v bng kh hyr c th
s b sung cho s xe chy bng in. Ngoi ra,
cc trm np nng lng dc ng cng gip
cho vic: - Gim lng kh thi CO
2
, - iu ho
giao thng, v: - Gim mc nhim cc b.
Mt vn cn c ch trng l lm sao c
c nhiu loi nhin liu thay th hn na,
cho cc hot ng vn ti thit yu khng cn b
nh hng ca tnh trng thiu cc ngun cung.
Xe hm kn v xe ti thng: Cho ti nay
loi xe chy ng c diesel vn l phng thc
hu hiu nht ca vic vn chuyn hng ho
bng ng b. Mt gii php tt c th l dng
kh ga. Cng ngh c quy ca ngy hm nay
khng cn thch hp vi cc xe ti chy bng
in. Tuy nhin, c th dng loi xe hm kn c
nh m nhim vic phn phi hng ho
trong cc th. C th cn phi o to cc li
xe v cc kin thc s dng nng lng sao cho
hiu qu. Vic p dng cc mc thu v cc loi
ph mt cch ph hp c th to ra nhng gii
php vn ti tt hn v thng minh hn vi
lng tiu dng nhin liu thp hn.
Vn ti ng bin
Hng hi quc t: Chim 90% khi lng vn
ti hng ho ton cu. Nhm gim lng kh thi
CO
2,
vn ti bin cn c iu chuyn sang hot
ng cc vng nc nng hn, cng nh cn
c mt quy hoch tt hn v cc tuyn hng hi
v v h thng tip vn. iu ny c th gip tit
kim c 10 15% lng kh thi CO
2
.
C l s phi ng nhiu hn na loi tu c
chn vt tt hn, v tu c sc cn nc thp hn
v cn s dng cc loi sn mi, bng nhn hn
sn ph y tu. Ngoi ra, cng vi cng ngh
ng c tu thu tt hn, cng cn s dng nng
lng gi v nng lng mt tri. iu ny c th
tit kim 10 15% lng kh thi CO
2
.
iu th ba l, c th phi xy dng khung
php l nhm t ti cc mc kh thi CO
2
thp
hn. Vic ny cng c th tit kim c 10
15% lng kh thi CO
2
trong ngnh vn ti bin.
Khng nn lm sai lch i hot ng cnh tranh,
vic xy dng th ch php l ny phi c s
ng thun trn bnh din quc t.
V
nhng vn chung GENERAL ISSUES
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


Vn ti hng khng
Vn ti hnh khch bng ng khng: C
th lm cho cc my bay ch khch tr nn c
hiu sut s dng nhin liu cao hn rt nhiu.
Cc vt liu cu thnh my bay c th nh hn.
Sc cn khng kh i vi my bay c th c
gim i. Nng lng mt tri c th c s dng
theo mt cch thc tt hn rt nhiu. Cc ng c
thu lc c th c thay th bng loi ng c
in. Cc pin nhin liu c hiu qu v thn thin
vi kh hu c th sn ra in cho tt c cc thit
b in mt chic my bay. Vn tc bay c th
s c gim i, nu hnh khch vui lng chp
nhn l thi gian bay s di hn. i vi cc l
trnh di 88 km, c th dng cc on tu cao
tc thay v vn chuyn bng my bay. Cc loi
nhin liu ho thch dng cho ng c my bay
c th c thay th bng loi nhin liu sinh hc.
Vic kim sot khng lu c th c ti u
ho sao cho cc my bay trnh c vic ch
i ti cc sn bay trc khi khi hnh, hoc
phi bay ch trn khng trung trc khi h
cnh. Ton b khng phn c th c s dng
tt hn, sao cho cc my bay khng phi bay
cho i trnh khu vc cm bay. Cui cng,
cn xy dng khung php l nhm gim bt
lng kh thi CO
2
t hot ng hng khng,
song iu ny phi c thc hin bng hip
nh mang tnh ton cu khng lm sai lch i
hot ng cnh tranh.
Anh L
Theo ScienceDaily
Sng m thanh gip tit kim chi ph cho - ng b
chu u mi nm c kh nhiu ng b
c xy dng v sa cha vi s tin ln
ti vi t Euro. Hin nay trn th gii ngi ta
ang c gng rt nhiu t c tiu ch vi
s tin ca anh th phi lm c nhiu con
ng hn bng cch pht trin ra nhng
phng php hon thin hn v c hai phng
din: thit k v kim sot cht lng ca cc
loi vt liu. Mt vn hin nay l cha c cc
bin php hu hiu kim tra xem: bn
chc v s an ton ca nhng con ng c
xy dng l mc no. V th m nhiu tuyn
ng thng khng c tui th lu di nh
c k vng, v ngi ta li phi chi ra nhiu
tin hn cho vic lm ng.
Th nhng hin c mt nh khoa hc tr
pht trin c mt phng php, trong dng
cc nhng sng m thanh c th lm l din
phn bn di b mt mt con ng trng th
no v nh vy m cho thy l liu con ng
c c xy dng theo ng quy cch hay
khng. Theo Cc ng b Thy in, phng
php ny, c k vng s tr thnh mt chun
mc mi, c th mang li mc gia tng v cht
lng v nhng khon tit kim ln v chi ph.
Bng cng ngh ny c th pht hin c hin
tng h hng ca cu, hm, v cc nh my in
ht nhn, v nh vy c th phng trnh c cc
s c nguy him. Ngy nay a s cc d bo u
da theo nhng phng on c c rt t
kinh nghim trc v thng l sai lm. i vi
mt con ng th v c lm t nhiu loi vt
liu khc nhau nh: - Si, bi-tum, khng kh v
nc - nn rt kh d bo l lm sao m n p
ng c lu lng giao thng v cc tc ng
ca mi trng trong tng lai. V nhng con
ng th khc vi cc cng trnh khc, chng hn
nh to nh, ch l chng c xy vi vo
trong nn t, nn rt kh kim tra hin trng nu
nhn bng mt thng.
Song vi cc sng m thanh, i th nh l
cc tia X quang v siu thanh, th bn c th bit

nhng vn chung GENERAL ISSUES
6

c thng tin v thnh phn v cng ca vt
liu qua mn hnh my tnh. iu ny cho php
bn quan trc xem cng trnh c c thc
hin hp chun hay khng, nh vy m c th
on chc l con ng s c tui th lu di v
chu c cc ti trng theo nh thit k. Hin
nay, thay v vn dng th nghim kiu khng ph
mu nu trn th cc nhn vin kim tra thng
phi khoan ly li v lm th nghim ph hu i
vi cc mu at-phan v mu b tng, Nils
Rydn, mt nh nghin cu v a cht cng
trnh ti Khoa Cng trnh, i hc Lund, ngi
pht trin ra cng ngh ny, gii thch.
Theo Nils Rydn th: Mt s con ng ch
duy tr khai thc c mt i nm, l v cc vt
liu khng rn chc cng nh do nn
ng qu mm yu, hoc l trong thi gian thi
cng ng th gp phi ma, m tnh trng yu
km th li khng c pht hin ln kim
tra cui cng.
Mt mt th: Phn ln kt cu h tng Thy
in c xy dng t 40 n 50 nm trc y
v chng bao lu na s phi c sa cha,
mt khc th: V chng u b h mn v
c tui i trn 40 nm m thi im th cc
tiu chun xy dng ni chung cn lc hu. Thi
k y gi li xa v mt cu hi ny sinh l:
liu nhng kt cu c th v cn s dng
c bao lu na. Cc mng b tng ca cc
trm nng lng ht nhn ca Thy in cng
tnh trng tng t; ng thi cng cha c cc
phng php kim tra v xc nhn xem
chng cn trng thi tt hay khng.
Mt con ng th khng th st xung t
v to thnh mi nguy v an ton ging nh mt
cy cu hoc mt cng trnh thu in, nhng
th m trn thc t b sp nh xy ra mi y
Hoa K v nc Nga. l nhn xt ca Nils,
ngi gip cho Cc ng b v cc cng ty
xy dng khc Thy in bng cch iu
chnh cng ngh ca mnh c th ng dng
c cho nhng yu cu c th ca h.
Nils Rydn cm thy b thi thc phi th
nghim kh nng kim tra ng b bng m
thanh t khi ang vit lun vn thc s ca mnh,
vo nm 2000. Theo ng, thi k cng c
nhng d n tng t ang c trin khai
nc ngoi, chng hn nh Hoa K, song ti
nay th phng php Thy in ny vn l cng
ngh tin tin hn c. Mc du, cc sng m
trc y c s dng kim tra vt liu
trong ngnh cng nghip t v my bay v
pht hin cc m du v kh t trong lng t.
Vn tt v cng ngh
Cng ngh kim tra khng ph hu, c dng
sng m thanh da trn c s o phn tn ca
cc sng m trong cc kt cu xy dng ny, gip ta
nhn thy c (i th ging nh cc kim tra
siu m trong y t): cng v dy ca cc vt
liu c lin quan cng nh quan st c mi vt
nt bn trong v.v.. Vn tc ca cc sng m th
ph thuc trc tip vo cng ca vt liu, v s
khc bit v cng s to ra nhng phn x c
th vn dng o dy ca cc lp vt liu v
pht hin nhng h hi tim n. Trong trng hp
ny c th s dng cc sng m thanh, ng hn l
cc tn s thp (50 - 10.000Hz), vo vic o c ni
trn. Cc tn s cao hn 20.000Hz thng c gi
l siu m. L do v sao m cng ngh siu thanh
hin c li cha th s dng c vo vic ny l v
nhng sng siu thanh ny s b bin mt, ngay sau
khi thm nhp c mt vi ximet, vo trong at-
phan v b tng. Cng c th s dng cc tia X
kim tra cho b tng, v cc vt liu khc, song vic
ny cc k t tin v phc tp so vi dng sng
m thanh.
Anh L
Theo ScienceDaily
Hng Air-Baltic chng suy thoi kinh t
nhng vn chung GENERAL ISSUES
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


m qua, lng khch bay th trng ni a
Latvia gim 70%, n nm 2009 hng
AirBaltic i hng hn sang phng thc trung
chuyn, nn qu I s lt
khch th Riga tng
c 36%, hy vng c nm
2009 s tng hn nm trc
chng 10% v c li. Nh
cm quyn ti y cng h
tr bng cch gim l ph
cng v, khin cho phi cng
Riga c l ph thp nht
chu u. Kiu tip sc bay th ny khng phi
l mc tiu chin lc, song nht thi cu vn
c tnh th kh khn. Hip hi bay a phng
chu u (ERA) vi 60 hng bay thnh vin cho
bit Bc u, ng u cng c ni vn dng
gii php y, nhng hiu qu khng r, nm
2008 lng khch gim 0,4% v u nm 2009
ang tip tc xu hn.
AirBaltic ch trng
bay tip sc gia Phn
Lan, Na Uy, Thy in
vi cc nc thuc Lin
X c. Hng cng ct
gim chi ph km sinh li,
tng c s h tng ti phi
cng Riga nng cao
nng lc thit k t 2 triu
lt khch ln 4 triu, c bit l cc ph ti
10% so vi hng EasyJet l hng bay gi v r
ln th nh ton chu u.
V Phi
Theo AWST
CC HNG BAY TCH CUC NGAN CHAN AI DICH CM LON LY LAN
m 2003, qua dch Hi chng vim h hp
(SARS), cc hng bay trn th gii thy r
phI c k hoch khn cp bo v sc kho theo
quy chun xc nh. n nm 2009 ny, i dch
A/H1N1 vi sc tn ph d di v mau l, sm
thc gic cc hng bay phi c nhiu i sch
hu hiu mi, c bit l kim tra st sao, thng
bo kp thi v chun xc gia cc hng v cng
hng khng, cc c quan chc nng quc gia
Khng mt quan chc no khuyn co rng ngi
dn khng nn bay, song trn thc t cc hng
hng khng, hng dch v du lch vn phi ct
gim hoc tm nh ch, c bit l Canada,
Mexico, Peru, Costa Rica, Hoa K, v.v
Thnh th, s rt ng lo ngi v ti chnh
cho ngnh hng khng dn dng nu khng sm
ngn chn i dch cm ln. My o thn nhit
c b tr ti cc phi cng, Trung tm phng
chng bnh hi Hoa K (CDC) son tho xong
cc quy tc cm ln. Kinh nghim phng/chng
dch SARS nm 2003 v dch cm gia cm nm
2005 cho thy r: Hi chng SARS khng ko
di, khng gy nhiu tn tht sinh mng nhng
tc hi n hot ng kinh doanh ca hng
khng th gii th nghim trng gp bi v dai
dng qu lu.
Hnh An
Theo AWST
- ng t Egnatia Odos (Hy Lp)
N
N

vn ti TRANSPORT
8

ng t Egnatia - Odos di 670 km c
coi l mt d n giao thng nhiu tham vng
v ln nht chu u hin nay.
Tuyn ng chy ngang qua Bc Hy Lp t
im u lgoumenitsa ti bin gii Th Nh K.
N i theo tuyn ng La m c, Via Engatia.
c thit k vi cc c im k thut ca mng
li ng chu u, chiu rng 24,5m vi hai ln
xe chy v mt ln khn cp mi hng. C 9
trc dc ni ng t vi Albania, Bulgaria v
Th Nh K.
Hn 1.700 cng trnh s
c nh du dc tuyn
gm 76 hm vi tng chiu
di o l 99 km v 1.650
cu vi tng chiu di l
40km, 43 im vt sng, 11
nt giao ct vi ng st v
50 nt giao vi ng hin
c. D n c chia thnh 3
phn (Ty, Trung tm v ng) vi mt qun l
chung v 3 cng ty t vn quc t gim st mi
phn: Trong giai on t 2/2000 n u nm
2006 c 446 km ng c m. Trong nm
2006 c 34 km ng c m v 165 km
ng vn trong giai on xy dng.
Nhng on cui cng c xy dng vi 19
hp ng c tng gi tr l 2.098 triu Euro.
Tuyn Egnatia Odos to thnh xng sng
ca mng li giao thng Bc Hy Lp v ni vi
cc quc gia khc trong vng Balkan (Albania,
Bulgaria, Th Nh K) qua 9 trc dc ch yu. N
cng ni 4 cng chnh v 6 sn bay ca Hy Lp.
L mt phn ca mng li vn ti lin lc
a, Egnatia Odos l tuyn thu gom ca mng
li vn ti Balkan v Nam - ng chu u.
Hnh lang Berlin-Sofia-ThessalonikaX, Helsinki-
Alexandroupolis IX v Vienna - Belgrade IV tt c
u kt thc ng Egnatia. 49,5 km u tin
ca Egania Odos c chy ngm vi 69 hm
i chim 30% tng gi thnh d n. Phn ch
yu ca cc hm s c o cn li (ch 4,5%)
c xy dng bng phng php ct v ph.
Trong 76 hm ch c 15 ci di hn 800m vi ci
di nht l 4,7km (hm i Driskos).
Phn ln cc hm nm Epirus. Vng trung
tm v Ty Macedonia ni ng i qua ni
Pindus. Vng pha Ty c tng chiu di hm l
26,6 km, vng trung tm c 19,6 km v vng pha
ng c 3,3 km. Hm thit k tiu chun c 2 ln
xe, mi ln rng 3,75m v cao 5m.
Ch xe khn cp v im quay xe l rt
khc nhau ty thuc chiu di hm v lu lng
giao thng d bo nhng gn nh tt c cc
hm u c ng ngang vi khong cch 350m
ni ng hm pha ng v pha Ty cho
trng hp chy hoc khn
cp. B tng d ng lc to
lp v cui cng ca hm, n
c ngn cch vi lp
bi h thng thot nc s
gi cho hm c kh ro.
Gi thnh xy dng hm
ph thuc vo iu kin a
cht. N dao ng t 8.000
USD mt mt vi iu kin tt cho ti 32.000 USD
mt mt cho iu kin xu, trung bnh 11.000
USD mt mt. Cc h thng thng gi v cm
bin o cht lng khng kh cng c lp t
gim st v duy tr cht lng khng kh ni
chung v thm ch ht ht khi bi k c trng
hp ha hon.
Hon thnh vo nm 2007-2008, ng t
Egnatia c 1650 cy cu v kt cu dc theo
chiu di tuyn vi tng chiu di ln ti 40 km,
chim 20% gi thnh d n. Nhng cng trnh
c thit k vi nhiu c im khc nhau: 205
cu; 100 cu vt ng; 235 cu chui v 1.110
cng. D ng lc trc ca cc cy cu l theo
chiu dc (mt vi trng hp c dm ngang) v
c bi cc tr ni chung l rng. Mt cu
lin tc vi chiu cao kt cu c th thay i
c hoc khng thay i c u tin v cc
tr tch ri khi mt cu hoc l bn trt
hoc gi n hi.
H thng qun l an ton cu, hm, ng
c thit k v gim st o dc, ln cao tc,
qun l tai nn gim st giao thng, iu khin
giao thng, tn hiu, h thng thng tin giao
thng, h thng thu ph v qun l hm. Mt h


vn ti TRANSPORT
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


thng kin trc m c pht trin cho php hp
nht vi cc phng tin vn ti hin c ca
ng cng nh nng cp cng ngh trong
tng lai v hon chnh h thng khi thc hin
nhim v qun l v vn hnh khai thc.
Cc trm m xe RTMS, bao gm RTMS a
vng, cc my d xe trn c s ra a s cung
cp d liu tr gip vic lp k hoch v
a ra quyt nh. Cng ty ELS (Electronic
lntergrated System Inc) cung cp v lp t
trn gi 6 RTMS trn ng Egnatia gn
Thessaloniki. Nhng thit b ny c lp trn
cc ct in chiu sng hin c pht hin
ti 3 ln xe trn ng.
P.T.
Theo Vn
Lin doanh tay ba AirFrance - KLM - Delta Air Lines
nng cao hiu qu - ng bay xuyn - i Ty D- ng
ba thnh vin lin doanh u tuyn co
rng hnh thc hp tc cht ch ny s gip
nng cao doanh li tuyn bay vt i Ty
Dng, ng thi duy tr th phn ti cc a bn
phc v c gia lc kinh t ton cu suy gim.
Trc khi gia nhp lin doanh mi ny, Air
France KLM c nh gi l Tp on hng
khng mnh nht chu u, nhng nm qua
thua l nng sau 12 nm lin tc thnh t.
Khon l nm 2008 ln ti 1,1 t USD, gi nhin
liu khi th leo thang ngt ngng khi th t ngt
tt dc, cn i thu chi lao ao v xng du d
tr, m khch bay th vn tha vng. Tp on
AirFrance KLM va gim 5% lc lng phc
v khch v 11% sc ch hng, ct thm 3000
ch lm cng vi 2000 ch ct ngay t nm
ngoi. chng , phi iu chnh sc ch vi
nhu cu thc t cp nht ca th trng. Lin
doanh tay ba d kin mi ngy ch vn hnh 220
chuyn bay vt i Ty Dng vi 5 vn lt
khch Hnh thc hp tc ny cng c nhiu
hng lu i vi th trng Bc i Ty
Dng: Chng hn s t chc lin doanh gia
American Airlines vi British Airways, hoc
Lufthansa, United Airlines, Air Canada vi
Continental Airlines. U ban chu u s di theo
cht ch cc lin doanh ny, c bit v phng
thc cnh tranh.
Ni chung, mi ngi u cho rng lin
doanh l phng thc hp l nhm phc v li
ch mi ngi nh c minh chng nhiu
nI trn th gii. Lin doanh Air France KLM
Delta d tnh doanh s hng nm s l 12 t
USD. Ngoi cc ng bay vt i Ty
Dng, cc thnh vin vn duy tr cc tuyn c
nh t Amsterdam n n , t Hoa K n
Tahiti Tho c thnh lp Lin doanh c th
kt thc nu nht tr trc 3 nm nhng mun
gii th th t nht cng phi sau 10 nm. Cc
ng bay mi m t Bc chu M n n ,
chu Phi, Trung ng, cng nh t chu u n
Trung M v Nam M s do 3 hng cng chia s.
S thnh lp U ban iu hnh v U ban qun
tr chung v 10 nhm lm vic, nhng khng
thnh lp chi nhnh ring iu hnh dch v
xuyn i Ty Dng.
V Phi
Theo AWST
Boeing v C Airbus u gim sn l- ng
o gim n hng, nn nm 2009 cc tp
on ch to my bay Boeing v Airbus
vn gim thm nng lc sn xut. Trong 4 thng
u nm 2009, Boeing rt thm 4000 ch lm,
C
D
vn ti TRANSPORT
10

tng s nhn lc ngy 30/4/2009 l 159.161
ngi so vi 161.965 hi thng 4/2008.
Tp on Airbus trc y d kin bn giao
189 my bay A380, nhng rt gn y rt xung
ch cn 14 my giao cho Hng khng Tiu vng
quc Arab, Quantas, Singapore, AirFrance. y
l ln ct gim ln th ba i vi sn lng nm
2009 : Ln u t 26 xung 21, ln th nh t 21
xung 18, ln cui t 18 xung 14. Hng khng
Tiu vng quc Arab l khch c n hng c
bit ln vi 58 my, nhng chnh Tp on
Airbus li khng dm cam oan giao mi thng 4
chic A380 c nm 2010 hon thnh k
hoch 45 chic, bi l cc khch mua hng
thng vp nhiu kh khn v thanh ton lm
cho tp on khng thun li trong chu chuyn
ti chnh. Trong iu kin qu nhiu ri ro hin
nay, cc d bo di hn v sn lng rt d sai
lch gy kh khn cho vic trin khai dy chuyn
sn xut. Nm 2006, con s ng k l 420
chic, n nm 2009 t hng l 200, v Airbus
mi bn giao 14 chic trong s .
V Phi
Theo AWST
Cc hng bay a ph- ng Hoa K
chng tc ng ca suy thoi kinh t
hng hong ti chnh v suy thoi kinh t
tc ng mnh vo ngnh hng khng, cc
hng bay d ln d u lo ci t kinh doanh v
qua mt s hng a phng tm c cch
tranh th thi c tm thi vt qua kh khn
mi mt.
a s hng bay ln phi ct gim hot ng
v thua l nng, mt lng khch bay phi
chuyn sang cc hng a phng. Theo quy
c my phn lc 50 gh tr xung xp vo loi
a phng nh, t 51 n 99 gh thuc loi
a phng ln. S liu ca Hoa K v Canada
cho bit my nm gn y cc hng ni a ngy
cng tng s my a phng ln. Mt khc, cc
hng ny cng ct gim nhn lc, Hoa K t
8/2008 n 2/2009 gim 4000 ngi, tc l
hn 6% tng s. n hng my 50 gh st hn
v do gi nhin liu qu tht thng s rt t kh
nng tng tr li. Hng Republic Airways thng
3/2003 c 221 my bay trong 130 chic t 70
gh tr ln. Trong thi gian 2000 2005, cc
hng a phng Hoa K tng s my bay t
2274 ln 2830 chic, nhng n thng 4/2009
ch cn 2324 chic. Sc ch bnh qun c tng,
nhng tng vn lng gim t cui nm 2008 ti
tng s 631 phi cng Hoa K. Ct gim mi chi
ph, dng my tiu th t nhin liu, cng ch c
tc dng cht t, cc hng bay a phng vn
phi n lc c bin php mi chng v
trng ch thi c mi.
V Phi
Theo AWST
Tu in Kuala Lumpur
Th- ng ngon trn cao
K
vn ti TRANSPORT
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


uala Lumpur - Th Malaysia c
nh gi l mt trong nhng thnh ph
nng ng bc nht chu . Cuc sng ni
y l s an xen gia truyn thng v hin
i. H thng giao thng cng cng y
kh pht trin v hin i, nht l tu in.
Ti Kuala Lumpur hin c hai h thng tu
in phc v song song vi gn 100 trm dng
chn ta khp thnh ph v vng ngoi . Hnh
khch c th d dng di
chuyn qua li gia cc
thnh ph ca Malaysia
bng phng tin ny.
Trn l trnh cc chuyn
tu in, d dng khm ph
tt c cc im du lch ni
ting Kuala Lumpur nh
thp i Petronas, China
Town, Lake Garden, ch trung tm, khu vc tam
gic vng, khu lin hp th thao quc gia v c
nhng a im mua sm ni ting. Thm ch,
nu mun, c th sang tn Singapore.
C mi im n, tu in s dng khong 2
pht. Sau , h thng t ng s bo cho trung
tm iu khin ca tu rng mi hnh khch
ln xung an ton. Tt c cc ca tu t ng
ng li lin mt lc. T mt im bt k, ch cn
chn ng tuyn ng mun i v ngi th gin
trong cc toa tu kh tin nghi, thoi mi.
Ti mi ga, h thng loa t ng s thng
bo tn ga cho hnh khch. Nhng nu c
ng qun, i qu ga cng khng phi qu lo v
ch khong vi pht sau li c tu chy ngc
li ngay.
V tu in a phn trn cao nn hnh khch
c th ngm nhn gn nh ton cnh Kuala
Lumpur. T xa nhn li, nhng chic tu in di
nh l lng trn khng. Trong th, tc
tng i nhanh, khong 40-50 km/h v rt
nhiu ga.
Anh Vng, hng dn vin du lch ngi
Trung Quc, lu vi nhng du khch trong
on trc khi thc hin chuyn tour quanh
thnh ph mt cch bng by: Nhng ta cao
c dng nh ang nm di bnh con tu ca
cc bn. C nhng on tu chy qua vng nng
thn ho lnh hoc qua nhng khu rng tha,
ting cnh cy qut vo thnh
tu ro ro. C on tu len
vo gia hai qu i vch
dng ng, chui vo ng
hm ti om, qua nhng bi
xe vi hng nghn chic
ngoi thnh. C rt nhiu th
cho cc bn ngm nhn qua
ca s.
Tin li nht y phi ni n h thng
bn v ti cc nh ga. Mi ga chnh ch cn mt
ngi bn v. Trn tu in hon ton khng c
ngi sot v i kim tra tng hnh khch
ging nh cc loi hnh giao thng cng cng
khc trong thnh ph. Hnh khch mua v s
c ngi bn v ng k vo mng my tnh
ca ng st v c cp mt chic th. Vi
chic th ny, hnh khch mi c th m c
ca kim sot t ng vo sn ga, khng phi
mt cng ct c ngi phng nhng v
khch lu v.
Tin li v hin i nhng gi cho cc chuyn
i rt r. Ch vi khong 2 ringit, bn c th mua
th vo nh ga v nu khng xung hn ga
no th bn c th ngi l trn c ngy m
khng mt thm ng no. Bryan Adam, phng
vin th thao ln u tin d ng ti Kuala
Lumpur c cc c hng dn quy thng tin
du lch tng cho hai chic bn thnh ph v
K

vn ti TRANSPORT
12

bn h thng tu in ngm. i nhiu nh
anh ch c cch i bng th mi c th tit
kim v nhanh c, ch i taxi th cht tin,
Bryan ni.
H thng tu in Kuala Lumpur rt c
a chung v s dng rng ri. Hin i bc
nht l tuyn cao tc ng - Ty ni Peoples
Park v Gombakl p ng nhu cu i li cho mt
s vng ng dn v tr ph. Mng metro ny
di 29km - l mng metro khng ngi li hon
ton t ng di th hai th gii.
P.T.N.
Theo Vn
Nh xe dng nng l- ng mt tri
u c xe chy in hoc xe hybrid, c l
bn nn gi n Cng ty Sankyo Tateyama
Aluminium ca Nht Bn. Cng ty ny bt u
sn xut nhng nh xe trang b h thng sn
xut in mt tri pha
trn nc. Vi nh xe
ny, bn va khi lo
chuyn sc in cho x
hp ca mnh, va gim
c gnh nng trn ha
n tin in mi thng.
Nh xe M.Shade
c th tip nhn ti a 2
xe v c nhng cy ct
siu chc chng sc nng ca cc tm pin
nng lng mt tri pha trn chng. Gia ch c
th gn tng cng 12 tm pin c kch c 5,6 x
5,4m, cung cp 2.235 kilowatt in mi nm.
Cng ty Sankyo Tateyama Aluminium cho bit
sn lng in ny p ng khong 50% nhu
cu in ca mt gia nh mi nm.
M.Shade c th l mt tng thn thin vi
mi trng, nhng gi sn phm ny kh cao:
40.000 USD cha k chi ph lp t. Tuy nhin,
nu bn c kh nng sm c xe chy in
hoc xe hybrid, hn y khng phi l vn
qu ln. Vi pht kin ca Sankyo Tateyama
Alimnium, ngi giu c s
gp phn bo v mi trng
trong bi cnh s thay i
kh hu ang ngy cng tr
thnh vn ng lo ngi,
trong khi khng nh i vic
mt i phong cch sng qu
phi ca mnh.
Hin Cng ty Sankyo
Tateyama Aluminium ang
y mnh qung b sn phm M.Shade ra th
trng th gii. Ngoi nh xe, cng ty ny
ang nghin cu sn xut cc sn phm mi che
li i, mi che sn thng, ca, hng ro... tn
dng ngun nng lng v tn t mt tri.
P.T.N.
Theo Vn
Nhng cng ngh ni bt trn Mercedes E-class mi
i t cch l mu xe lp rp trong nc t
nht, tng ng 116.900 USD,
Mercedes E300 Elegance s hu nhng cng
ngh vt tri nh n pha thng minh, h tr
xe.
N
V

Nh xe M.Shade
cng nghip gTVT TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


E-class l mu sedan cao cp nht c lp
rp ti Vit Nam. V
th, n c
Mercedes chm sc
c bit khi t chc
hai bui trnh lng
honh trng H
Ni v TP HCM hi
u thng 9.
Chuyn sang th h
mi, chic sedan
hng sang ny c
trang b nhng cng
ngh tin tin hng
u, gn lin vi c tnh an ton ca Mercedes.
H thng n pha ch ng (Adaptive High
Beam Assist)
Cng ngh gip chic xe t ng iu chnh
mc chiu sng n pha theo khong cch
vi phng tin i ngc chiu hoc xe trc.
Khi t ch pha, chm sng ca xe mc
chiu cao nht nn d quan st v an ton khi
i tc cao. Tuy nhin, trong iu kin c th,
ch pha lm chi mt ngi iu khin xe
ngc chiu hoc lm la mt ti x xe pha
trc khi h quan st gng chiu hu.
gip E-class "lch s" hn, h thng s t
ng gim cng v chuyn v ch sng
gn (ct). Vic ci Adaptive High Beam Assist rt
n gin nh cc nt iu chnh gn trn v-
lng. Sau khi kch hot (nc On), ti x xoay nm
iu khin n v trng thi t ng (A-
Automatic) v chuyn sang ch n pha. Khi
xe i trn 55 km/h, h thng ny bt u hot
ng.
Adaptive High Beam Assist c mt my quay
thu nh (camera), gn trn nh knh chn gi
(pha trong), gim st cc phng tin pha
trc. Nh ng dng thut ton x l hnh nh,
camera c th nhn
din phng tin pha
trc hoc ang n
gn v o lng
khong cch n
chng.
Hng dn xe
y l tnh nng
mi c nng cp,
da trn h thng cnh
bo bng m thanh
Parktronic tng xut
hin trn E-class th h
trc. Vi s tn trng khch hng, Mercedes
ch ny dng ty chn. Ngha l ti x
c th kch hot hoc tt ty nhu cu.
Vic ci t cng n gin nh vi n pha
thng minh. trng thi ny, cc cm bin
sng m s o chiu di ca khu vc trng
song song vi xe E-class ch , khi xe chy
di 30 km/h.
Nu khong trng thch hp c tm thy,
mt thng bo hin ln ti x sn sng cho
vic li. Trn mn hnh ng h cng-t-mt, h
thng ch cho ti x bit khi no th nh li v
khi no tr li. Mc tr li ty thuc vo bi
en ca mi tn.
Khng h tr hon ton nh Lexus LS460L
nhng vi h thng ny, E-class cng gip rt
nhiu ti x gim cng thng trong vic iu
khin.
Cnh bo li xe khi bun ng Attention
Assit
Trn nhng chng ng xa, ti x c th t
ch cnh bo trn E-class. Khi kch hot
Attention Assit, mt biu tng l tch cafe bc

E-class s gim cng sng, a v chiu gn
(ct) khi gp xe ngc chiu.
cng nghip gTVT TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
14

khi hin th trn bng ng h trung tm, nm
gia bng ng h.
Trong khong tc 80 km/h n 180 km/h,
cc cm bin ca h thng gim st s lin tc
phn tch hnh ng ca ti x. Khng theo di
mt ngi li bng tia laser nh gii php ca
cc hng khc, Attention Assit ca Mercedes
da vo thi quen b li nhn din kh nng
bun ng.
Chng hn nu thy ti x dch v-lng sang
tri ri git mnh chuyn v ln c, Attention Assit
s pht ting ku "bip" lin hi v hin th thng
ip trn bng ng h "Attention Assit. Break!",
tm dch l "Cnh bo s ch . Tm ngh!".
H thng chiu sng thng minh ILS
(Intelligent Light System)
E300 Elegance trang b tiu chun n pha
bi-xenon tch hp ILS, c th ch ng iu
chnh chiu sng tng thch vi trng thi vn
hnh v thi tit. n pha s t ng qut chm
sng theo hng sang bn tri hoc bn phi
mt gc ti a 15 , tng thch vi ng tc
xoay v lng ca ngi li khi vo cua hoc khi
bt n xi-nhan. Nh , chm sng s rng
hn, gip quan st tt ti nhng im m trn
nhiu xe khc s khng nhn thy.
Hn th na, ILS c th tng cng chiu
sng hn bnh thng khi xe chy t 90 km/h
trn xa l, hoc nng chm sng ln cao em
n tm nhn xa v rng hn cho ngi li khi
tc t 110 km/h.
V.V.T.
Theo Vn
Mi tt c ln tu u n I-Bullet
ng ty ng st Trung tm Nht Bn (JR
Central) ang y mnh cc n lc nhm
bn cng ngh tu Shinkansen
cho cc nc khc. Bng vic
cng b cc chi tit ca mt
phin bn xut khu ca on
tu Series N700 (c gi l
N700-I Bullet, tu u n
N700-I) ti Hi ngh cp cao v
ng st cao tc Lun -
n trong thng qua, Gim
c iu hnh Cng ty JR
Central l ng Tsutomu Morimura nhn mnh
s cn thit phi xem cng ngh Shinkansen
nh l mt chng trnh qung b hon chnh.
Theo ng Morimura th vi h thng ray hon
ton bit lp, c th s dng c cc on tu
rt nh, chng hn nh loi N700, m vn thu
c nhng li ch ln v phng din tiu th
nng lng.
Morimura cho bit loi tu N700-I Bullet
c ngh a vo s dng th trng
Hoa K trong thi gian ng
Ch tch Cng ty JR Central
l Yoshiyuki Kasaioc ving
thm Washington vo u
nm nay. Da vo cng
ngh c khng nh,
JR Central c nh xut
khu tu N700-I Bullet s
dng cho ton th gii,
Morimura ni, mc du
chng ti cn cha ch ra c mt th trng
mc tiu. Theo trnh by ca ng Morimura th
cc k hoch xut khu cng ngh N700 ny
sinh sau khi khai trng Vn phng T vn v
iu phi ca Cng ty JR Central cch y
khng lu; Theo d kin th d n ny nhm
kch thch hot ng kinh doanh v cng ngh
C

cng nghip gTVT TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


ca Nht Bn v s da vo kinh nghim thu
c th trng i Loan.
Mt phn do ti trng trn trc l thp (112
tn) m on tu N700 gm 16 toa ca JR
Central a ra mc trng lng tnh trn mt
n v gh ngi l 0,5 tn. Tu N700-I Bullet s
khc hn so vi N700 ch l n c mt dng
lp tu kh linh hot, thnh phn on tu c th
gm 8 n 15 toa xe v tc chy ti a t ti
330 km/h. Phin bn ca on tu 8-toa kiu ny
s bao gm: Tt c cc trc ca xe u c
gn ng c, s gh ngi dnh cho 636 hnh
khch v mc trng ti cht ln mt gh ngi l
0,57 tn.
Anh L
Theo Rail.gazz. international
Xe but chy hai loi nhin liu u tin ca Anh s gim
c mt na lng kh thi
hic xe but chy bng 2 loi nhin liu
(dual-fuel) l diesel v kh m tan sinh hc
(diesel-biomethane) kiu mi ny s gim c
mt na lng kh thi nhim v cc bc x
gy hiu ng nh knh. Ngi ta hy vng cng
ngh ny s c ph cp
ti cc on xe but trn
khp Vng quc Anh v
i xa hn. Chic xe ny
c trng by cng khai
ln u tin ti LCV 2009,
trin lm ln nht ca Anh
Quc v cng ngh xe
cacbon thp, ti Millbrook
Proving Ground
Bedfordshire thng 9/2009.
Cuc trin lm c t
chc bi Cenex (Trung
tm Cc cng ngh Vt tri v pin nhin liu v
cc-bon thp) v n c k vng thu ht c
khong 2000 chuyn gia v lnh vc cng ngh
cc-bon thp t khp ni trn th gii.
Lin danh (consortium) ng sau sn phm
xe but ny l do Trung tm Sng ch Cc-bon
Thp (LCIC) thuc i hc East Anglia (UEA)
ng u v bao gm cng ty khai thc xe but
c lp Anglian Bus, hng sn xut xe but
Optare plc, v cc chuyn gia hon ci ng c
thuc Tp on Hardstaff Group Nottingham.
Xut x ca chic xe chy 2 loi nhin liu
ny l mt xe bus Optare Solo loi tiu chun c
trung, chy diesel
trong on xe ca
Anglian Bus. ng c
Mercedes - Benz
nguyn thy ca xe l
hon ton chy bng
diesel, c hon
ci mt phn ln
thi gian (60-80%)
chy bng loi nhin
liu sch l
biomethane hm
lng cc-bon thp.
V tnh cht ho hc th Biomethane ging
ht nh Methane trong kh t nhin, song
Biomethane c to ra bi s tc ng ca vi
khun ln khi rc thi sinh hc. Biomethane
c chit ra t nhng khi nn t p hoc t
biogas sn ra h tiu k kh c xy dng c
ch ch.
C

Chic xe but mi chy bng 2 nhin liu diesel-
biomethane s gim c mt na lng kh thi
nhim v lng bc x kh gy hiu ng nh knh.

cng nghip gTVT TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
16

Tin s Bruce Tofield, ch nhim d n thuc
Trung tm Sng ch Cc-bon Thp (LCIC) ca
UEA, ni: Vic s dng b i nhin liu ny l
mt phng n rt hp dn. Nh c s chuyn
i linh hot m chic xe vn c th vn hnh
bng diesel, tuy nhin phn ln thi gian l chy
bng biomethane m kh t ny l loi nhin
liu sch hn v t gy nhim hn nhiu. c
bit l, ch ph ca vic chuyn i mt xe but
chy bng diesel sang dng 2 loi nhin liu ch
bng mt phn nh so vi chi ph ca mt xe
but chy bng kh t nhin mi. Vic hon ci
sang s dng 2 loi nhin liu l phng n rt
kh thi i vi a s, nu khng ni l tt c, xe
but chy diesel Vng quc Anh v, ng
nhin l, khp chu u v cn lan rng hn.
Vn cp cho d n ny mt phn l t mt
chng trnh Civitas c EU ti tr, trong
UEA v Anglian Bus l nhng i tc ca thnh
ph Norfolk, Hi ng Qun Norwich v nhiu
thnh ph chu u. S hin din ca sng
kin Civitas l nhm qung b cho hot ng vn
ti sch hn v tt hn cc thnh ph ca
chu u.
V l mt phn ca chng trnh Civitas nn
t 2005 n nay cc nh khoa hc ca LCIC
vn quan trc mc nhim khng kh
Norwich. Ging nh nhiu thnh ph ca Anh
Quc, Norwich ngi ta c bit quan tm
n lng kh thi ra t cc xe but. Cc nh
nghin cu cng lu n cch thc tip np
nhin liu bng kh t sch t nhin (methane)
cho cc xe but Malmo, Thy in (mt thnh
ph i tc ca chng trnh Civitas) ra sao,
ng thi gim thp ng k lng kh thi c
hi. S d Malmo c quan tm c bit l v
y l ni u tin s dng biomethane, ng
hn l kh t nhin, gim lng bc x kh
gy hiu ng nh knh cng nh l lng cht
thi gy nhim.
Nhng li ch ca vic dng biomethane nh
mt loi nhin liu bao gm:
Gim c khong mt na s lng
ht v mc bc x NOx so vi diesel nh vy
m lm cho khng kh sch hn cc th.
Gim c cc chi ph khai thc nh vo
tiu ch chun l sut chi ph tnh trn mt dm
(mile) hnh trnh gim i .
Gim c mt na lng kh thi gy
hiu ng nh knh nh s dng methane t khi
nn p, ni cha ph thi thc phm v rc thi
nng nghip.
Vic thay th ton b mt on xe but bng
cc xe loi mi l cc k tn km, th nhng i
ng chuyn gia ca LCIC cho rng Anh Quc
th mt gii php chi ph r hn l trong tm
tay. Cng ty k thut Nottinghamshire v tp
on Hardstaff Group l nhng hng hng u
th gii v lnh vc cung cp cc trm np nhin
liu kh ga t nhin v hon ci cc xe loi ln
sang dng b i nhin liu diesel-gas. on xe
ch hng nng ca Hardstaff, sau khi c
chuyn i sang dng b i nhin liu, chy
c trn 40 triu km v gi y ang chy bng
biomethane.
Hp tc vi hng Anglian Bus a phng,
LCIC chun b chuyn i cho mt trong
nhng chic xe Optare Solo ca Anglian sang
dng b i nhin liu. Cc bnh cha nhin liu
c lp t ti nh my Leeds ca Optare v
vic hon ci ng c c thc hin ti c s
Hardstaff Nottinghamshire. Ngoi ra, Hardstaff
cn cung cp mt trm np kh ga cho Anglian
Bus v s duy tr vic m bo biomethane cho
n.
Jim Sumner, Ch tch hi ng qun tr ca
Optare, cho hay: Vic ci thin hiu nng v mi
trng v hiu qu ca nhin liu l trng tm
ca chin lc pht trin ca hng. Optare coi
phng n nng lng - kh ga, v c bit l
cng nghip gTVT TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


biomethane, l mt la chn quan trng v kh
thi i vi cc xe but cc thnh ph Anh
Quc v nhng ni khc trn th gii..
Anh L
Theo ScienceDaily

Cng ngh ch to
xung Polime Composite cu trc li t ong
ng vi s ln mnh khng ngng ca
ngnh cng nghip ng tu trong
nc, cc loi tu xung bng vt liu
composite bt u c ch nghin
cu, sn xut v ng dng ti Vit Nam.
Vi v tu, xung c kt cu bng vt liu
ny s dng gia cng l cc loi si thy tinh
cao cp, si kevlar, si cacbon C th chy
vi tc ln, trt trn cc
bi san h mt cch an ton,
chu sng gi cp 4, 5 v gi
cp 5, 6.
Tuy nhin thc t cho
thy, ngoi tr mt vi cng ty
nhp ng b dy chuyn sn
xut v tu t nc ngoi th
cng ngh s dng trong ch
to tu xung composite nc ta phn ln vn
l cng ngh hand - lay up (cng ngh ln p
bng tay) v vt liu s dng thng l si thy
tinh trn nn nha polyeste khng no.
Do , cc loi tu, xung c sn xut ra
vi cht lng khng cao: Hm lng nha
trong sn phm ln, tnh nng c hc thp, cht
lng sn phm khng ng u, trng lng
nng Nn tc ca tu, xung b hn ch v
vic sn xut vi quy m ln l rt kh thc hin.
Compozit cu trc sandwich li t ong c
ch to bng cc cng ngh cao c s dng
trong cc lnh vc c bit i hi bn ln v
trng lng nh nh: Hng khng, tu bin
Vi v tu, xung c kt cu bng vt liu ny
s dng gia cng l cc loi si thy tinh cao
cp, si kevlar, si cacbon C th chy vi tc
ln, trt trn cc bi san h mt cch an
ton, chu sng gi cp 4, 5 v gi cp 5, 6. T
nm 2007, Trung tm cng ngh vt liu bt u
nghin cu cng ngh ch to vt liu cu trc
sandwich (nhiu lp) t cc loi si, nha cao
cp.
V tu thuyn c lm
bng composite cu trc
sandwich li t ong c nhiu
u im.
Th nht, vt liu ny rt
ph hp vi mi trng bin:
Khng st g, khng b n mn
khi hot ng lu di trong mi
trng bin v trong khng kh bin. N cng khng
b nh hng vi nhiu cht nhim mi trng c
sng v cu cng.
Th hai, nu thit k v thi cng ng tiu
chun th tu s nh tng ng vi tu nhm
v ch bng 50% trng lng tu g, lm tng
sc ch ca tu.
Th ba, bn ca tu, xung cao hn. V
tu c c thnh mt khi lin hon nn trnh
c cc loi mi ghp. Do tu m bo
cng vng v kn nc.
Th t, khng b tc ng bi mui hoc cc
ho cht c trong mi trng bin v cng khng
b nh hng bi hin tng in phn. y l
C

cng nghip gTVT TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
18

u im ht sc c bn m bo tui th ca tu
composite so vi cc loi tu bng kim loi.
Th nm, sn xut v tu bng loi vt liu
ny cho php thc hin c cc hnh dng phc
tp mt cch d dng v tinh t. Bng cch chn
cc loi si gia cng ph hp, sp xp si theo
chiu chu ng lc ti a to ra cc cu trc
ph hp, ti u v sc bn, trng lng v kinh
t. u im ny hn hn tu kim loi v g. Bn
cnh , vic lm v tu bng vt liu ny mang
li tnh do dai, n hi nn kh nng chu va
p cao. c bit, gi thnh lm v tu bng loi
vt liu ny r hn rt nhiu so vi lm bng g
v kim loi.
Vic sa cha v bo tr v tu, xung bng
composite rt d d dng, chi ph sa cha thp.
V vt liu composite khng b st g, khng phi
sn ph nh k nn chi ph cho bo tr, bo
dng thp, c bit l vi tu nh.
Cng ngh cho php ch to xung
composite cu trc sandwich li t ong rt nh,
bn trong mi trng kh hu bin. C th trin
khai quy m cng nghip trn c s trang thit
b t thit k, ch to v lp t trong nc
phc v cng tc cu nn, cu h. Cc xung
cu nn, cu h cho cc huyn o c th
nghim thc t, t tiu chun v cc ch tiu k
thut ra v c Cc ng kim - B T lnh
Hi qun - cp php s dng trn bin.
P.T.N.
Theo Vn
Thit b t ng ha dn - ng h tr trnh bo
cho tu thuyn trn bin
mt thit b dn ng gip trnh cc
vng bin khng an ton (nh vng nh
hng ca bo, p thp nhit i, vng lnh hi
nc ngoi hoc vng tranh chp) vi gi
thnh thp v d s dng l nhu cu cp thit
ca mi ng dn Vit Nam. Thit b t ng ha
dn ng, h tr trnh bo cho tu thuyn trn
bin - Vietnav-01, ti nghin cu khoa hc
cp nh nc ca Vin T ng ha k thut
qun s l mt trong nhng thit b nh th.
Vit Nam l mt quc gia c b bin di, hng
nm phi chu nhiu cn bo, p thp nhit i vi
cng ngy cng ln v din bin phc tp.
Tu thuyn ca ng dn Vit Nam i nh bt xa
b ch yu l tu nh, v g, my c cng sut
thp, do vy kh nng chu sng gi km. Trang
thit b phc v hng hi, khai thc v an ton trn
bin ca cc tu cn t do chi ph cao v c bit l
tnh nng s dng ca nhiu loi phng tin rt
kh. Nht l cc phng tin c hng dn bng
ting nc ngoi, th ng dn ch yu l truyn
khu kinh nghim. Cng vi thi quen, kinh nghim
dn gian, nhiu ch tu thuyn khng quan tm
n cc phng tin h tr.
Vin T ng ha k thut qun s nghin
cu thnh cng ti Khoa hc cp Nh nc
KC.03.04/06-10 sn phm VIETNAV-01 - Thit b
t ng ha dn ng, h tr trnh bo cho tu
thuyn trn bin, do Trung t, Vin Ph Vin t
ng ha k thut qun s lm CN ti. Thc
s in t vin thng Phng Ch Kin, mt thnh
vin trong nhm nghin cu ti cho bit: Thit
b ny c nghin cu hng n mc tiu to
gi thnh hp l nhiu ng dn c kh nng
C
cng nghip gTVT TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


mua c. c bit l giao din ca thit b bng
ting Vit, trc quan, thao tc vn hnh n
gin, ng dn c th nhanh chng s dng
thnh tho sau khi c hng dn, ph hp
vi trnh s dng chung ca thuyn vin v
ng dn. Thit b ny rt ph hp cho tu thuyn
khai thc hi sn ca ng dn trn c s h tng
thng tin duyn hi Vit Nam hin c.
Thit b t ng ha dn ng, h tr trnh
bo cho tu thuyn trn bin ca Vin T ng
ha k thut qun s c cc chc nng ch yu:
T ng thu thp thng tin bo bo, p thp
nhit i do h thng thng tin duyn hi VN
pht qung b (nm trong h thng thng tin an
ton hng hi v cu nn ton cu GMDSS) ca
t chc hng hi quc t IMO) c ly cch b
n 400 hi l; Lu tr, gii m, bin dch thng
tin bo bo, p thp nhit i, hin th bng ting
Vit v minh ha trn mn hnh ha; T ng
cnh bo cho thy th on bng m thanh, nh
sng khi tu thuyn trong vng bin khng an
ton v ch hng cho tu thuyn thot khi
vng ny; T ng truyn thng tin v tr tu
thuyn b nn hoc thng tin bo bo, p thp
nhit i cho cc tu thuyn khc hoc cho b
khi kt ni vi my pht VHF/HF; Tch hp hi
in t khu vc min ng, my thu GPS v
la bn in t.
Nhm nghin cu, ch to thit b cho bit
thm: Thit b t ng ha dn ng, h tr
trnh bo cho tu thuyn trn bin ny c tin
cy cao, c kh nng hot ng trong iu kin
v mi trng khc nghit. C ly hot ng ca
thit b ln p ng yu cu cc tu
thuyn khai thc hi sn xa b. Bn cnh ,
thit b khng i hi thay i hay m rng i
vi h thng thng tin duyn hi Vit Nam hin
ti c v phng tin thit b cng nh ni dung
thng tin lin lc.
Thit b t ng ha dn ng, h tr trnh
bo cho tu thuyn trn bin - Vietnav-01 thc
s l phng tin hu ch m bo an ton cho
ngi v phng tin, tr gip c lc cho ng
dn Vit Nam hot ng trn bin. Hn na, y
cng l mt thit b t ng ha made in Vit
Nam c nh gi cao ti Ch Cng ngh thit
b Vit Nam - Techmart ASEAN+3 c t chc
vo thng 9/2009 va qua.
P.T.N.
Theo Vn







Bt ng trong chn v tr
xy - ng st trn cao Th H Ni
xy dng GTVT TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
20

gy 15/10, ti bui lm vic gia Ban ch
o d n ng st th trn cao vi
nh t vn l Vn phng Hp tc quc t Nht
Bn JICA (Nht Bn), cng ng ch u t l
Tng cng ty ng St Vit Nam v Ban qun
l d n ng st th H Ni, cc bn tp
trung tho lun v v tr xy dng v hng tuyn
ca d n xy dng ng st th trn cao
ca H Ni.
Cc bn lin quan vn
cha th tm c ting
ni chung trong vic xc
nh v tr xy dng tuyn
ng st trn cao ti H
Ni
Hin ang c 3 phng
n v v tr xy dng c
a ra, gm: Cch cu
Long Bin 30m, 200m v
500m.
i din JICA a ra bo co khi u
cho 2 trong tng s 4 tuyn chnh ca d n,
trong tp trung vo vic thit k v tr xy dng
hng tuyn v 31 ga cho tuyn 1 (Yn Vin
Ngc Hi) v 2 (Ga H Ni Nhn).
Pha t vn JICA xut, nn chn phng
n 3, tc xy dng cch cu Long Bin 500m s
trnh c mt dy c i vi 2 cy cu cn
li (Long Bin, Chng Dng), ng thi s
gn kt c gia tuyn 1 v tuyn 2.
Cng quan im vi JICA, ng Lu Xun
Hng, Ph gim c Ban qun l d n ng
st th (n v ng ch u t) cho rng, nn
chn phng n 3 v s thun tin trong kt ni
cc tuyn vi nhau, khai thc s hiu qu hn
trong tng lai. ng cho bit, Tokyo cng c
kh nhiu d n kt ni hiu qu v Vit Nam
nn hc hi kinh nghim ny.
Tuy nhin, theo ng Hng, vic kt ni
hiu qu nht thit phi c cc d n kt ni c
lp i km nh trung tm thng mi, mua sm,
dch v nu khng th ngi dn cng khng
mun i trn tuyn ng st ny.
Trong khi , ng Nguyn Hu Bng, Tng
gim c Tng cng ty ng st Vit Nam
(ng ch u t) li nghing v phng n 1,
tc l xy dng ngay cnh cu Long Bin.
Theo ng Bng, vic xy dng gn cu Long
Bin s c nhiu u im vt tri so vi
phng n 1. C th, nu xy dng theo
phng n 1 s thun li
hn trong vic gii phng
mt bng v phn ln l
chy trn cc tuyn
ng st sn c, trn
cc tuyn ph nn kinh
ph gii phng mt bng
s gim i rt nhiu.
Cng chnh v gim
thiu c kinh ph n
b nn tng kinh ph ca
phng n ny ch mt khong 20.000 t ng,
trong khi nu xy dng theo phng n 3 s mt
khong 30.000 t ng.
Bn cnh , theo ng Bng, nu xy dng
theo cc tuyn ph c s thun li cho ngi
dn v s gn vi bn xe Long Bin v cc trc
ng chnh ca Th . ng cho rng, khng
nn a cc ga vo gn trong ph c v c
im ca nh ga trung tm l phi c ng ln
chy thng vo nh ga.
Theo ng Bng, v mt cnh quan th vic
xy dng 2 cu gn nhau s p v hi ha hn
l cch xa nhau. Hn na, xy dng gn cu
Long Bin cng s khng nh hng n mt
, v trong mt thi gian ngn na, cu Chng
Dng s c thay th bng mt cu ng
b khc v thc cht cu ny ch l cu tm.
Theo Th trng B Giao thng Vn ti L Mnh
Hng, la chn c mt phng n ti u,
hiu qu v tit kim nht l mt vic kh kh thi.
Tuy nhin, d theo phng n no th d n
cng phi tnh n iu kin thc t v m bo
N

M hnh ng st trn cao ti H Ni

xy dng GTVT TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


phc v tt nht nhu cu ca ngi dn Th .
Th trng Hng cng khng nh, nu theo
phng n ca t vn JICA th ton b tuyn i
qua cc ph nh Hng Than, Nguyn Trng
T, Phng Hng, vn hoa Hng u phi
gii to vo t nht 50m.
Do , theo ng Hng, phng n ca JICA
l tng i hp l v cnh quan, song li tn
km v kinh ph.
Quan im ca B Giao thng Vn ti l nn
xy dng theo cc tuyn c (nh xut ca
Tng cng ty ng st), s tn dng c ga
Long Bin, hn ch c kinh ph n b gii ta.
Tuy nhin, Th trng Hng cng khng
nh, B s xem xt k v cp nht thm tnh kh
thi v hiu qu ca phng n 1 trc khi c
kin cui cng v v tr xy dng.
B.T.
Theo Vn
Nhng vn hm - ng b v cu v- t
m ng b trong cc th l mt gii
php ht sc cn thit, khng ch gip
ngi i b c an ton, thun tin m cn
gip gim bt n tc do cc
nt giao ct nhng ng
cho ngi i b trn cc
tuyn ng xe c gii lu
hnh. Tu theo kh nng, qui
m, mc u t m mi
nc c nhng h thng
hm ng b ln, nh khc
nhau. Nhng nhn chung,
mc ch ch yu ca cc
tuyn ng hm ny l phc v ngi i b
sang ng c an ton m khng gy nh
hng ti cc phng tin tham gia giao thng
trn ng. Vi ngha , tt c mi cng dn
u chp hnh nghim chnh vic qua ng
bng tuyn hm i b.
Nu ai c dp n Th Matxcva, hn
s thy ht c tm quan trng ca cc tuyn
hm ng b ti y. Khng k tuyn tu in
ngm, c l vo loi ln nht th gii, th hm
ng b Matxcva cng gp phn quan trng
trong h thng giao thng. Tht khng th tng
tng ni nu gi s mt ngy no thnh ph
ny khng c cc tuyn hm ng b th giao
thng y s ra sao? Bi vo gi cao im,
nhng dng ngi c n n tun ln t lng t.
C cm gic nh lng
t ti y c xy
dng nh cu to ca
mt t kin(!) vi v s
ngch ln xung trn
khp mt t. Chnh h
thng giao thng ngm
ny lm cho cc
phng tin c gii lu
thng trn mt t lun
c thng thong, khng n, tc.
cc nc c, Php, cc tuyn ng hm
dnh cho ngi i b qua ng cng c xy
dng ht sc khoa hc. Thng ti cc im nh
ca ga, bn tu, bn xe l ni lu lng ngi tp
trung ng nn h thng hm dnh cho ngi i b
cng ln. Ti nhng im giao ct l ng nm, ng
by vi nhiu loi phng tin tham gia giao thng
th hm ng b li cng c coi trng. Nhng
con ng ny c khi di c trm mt xuyn di
lng t qua cc ln xe, tu in Chy ni pha
trn. Cng c khi ch vi mt ri c ca tri ln n
bn i mt loi phng tin vn chuyn no
H

xy dng GTVT TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
22

nm gia di phn cch rt an ton, thun li. Ni
chung, h thng giao thng trong ni ca cc
nc chu u thng ch thy xy dng cc tuyn
ng hm dnh cho ngi i b mun qua
ng, t khi thy c cu vt bc qua. Ch trn
cc tuyn ng cao tc ngi ta mi xy dng
cc cy cu vt cho ngi i b. C l ti cc
nc ny, ton b cc loi dy in, cp thng
tin u c h ngm (ngoi tr tuyn cp ca
xe in) nn vic mt cy cu vt ng nghnh
ngang trn ng l khng n. iu ny khc vi
ta l mi loi dy u c tm tm, bng nhng
trn khp mi ng ngch. T ng in h th,
dy in, in thoi, cp thng tin, cp truyn
hnh Ni chung l mi loi hnh dch v u
c ging, mc trn khng.
My nm gn y, lu lng cc phng tin
tham gia giao thng ngy cng tng. m bo
an ton cho khch b hnh khi qua ng, H Ni
cng xy dng cc cng trnh hm ng b v
cu vt. Th nhng thc t nhng cng trnh tn
nhiu cng, ca ny xem ra cng nng s dng
cha c bao nhiu. Ti cc im c cu vt
cho ngi i b nh ng Gii Phng, ng
Nguyn Ch Thanh, Cu Giy Vo bt k thi
im no trong ngy vn cn nhiu ngi bng
qua ng gia cc loi xe c ang lu thng. C
v nh nhng cy cu vt ny vn cn xa l lm
vi rt nhiu ngi. Cho nn thay bng vic qua
ng mt cch thnh thi, an ton trn cu khng
lm nh hng n ai, th ngi ta vn c chm
chm lao qua ng gia cc ln xe c, bt chp
s nguy him do tai nn c th xy ra! y l
nhng chic cu vt ni trn khng, cn tnh
trng hm i b chm di t cn th thm hn.
Cc phng tin truyn thng sau khi ra sc tuyn
truyn cho tc dng, li ch ca nhng tuyn hm
ng b v cu vt, cui cng li phi ln ting
v s lng ph ti cc cng trnh ny. in hnh nh
ti hm ng b Ng T S. y l cng trnh
trng im gp phn gim bt tnh trng n tc ca
ng pha Ty thnh ph. Tuyn hm ng b
y sau khi hon thnh c k vng l s lm tt
nhim v gii to bt gnh nng v mt giao
thng dy c ti a im c nhiu tuyn giao ct.
Th nhng thc t nhiu ngi dn khi i qua a
im ny vn "hn nhin" bng qua ng m
khng cn n vic c mt tuyn ng
hm dnh cho i b(!) Cn cc hm ng b trn
ng Phm Hng, Trn Duy Hng, Khut Duy
Tin Th hu nh cha c s dng. Mt phn
do cc hm ny khng c qun l tt dn n
tnh trng b b hoang ph, thnh ni rc hoc
ngi dn chim dng bn hng, Mt
khc do ngi dn cn xa l, cha c thi quen
qua ng di cc tuyn hm ny. Th l t s
bung lng qun l, t "thi quen" cha quen m
nhng chic hm ng b c u t hng t
ng tr thnh mt s lng ph di di, nm ny
qua nm khc.
B.T.
Theo Vn
V sao M CU LONDON THIN NIN KY BI lc l- ?
o ngy khai
thng, do c mt
lng ln ngi i qua
m cu London Thin
nin k thnh lnh b
lc l . Rt cuc th
mt nghin cu mi
y cng gii thch
c hin tng lc
l ca cy cu ny
V

Cu London Thin nin k nhn t b Nam sng Thames
xy dng GTVT TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


bng cch quan st xem lm th no m mi
ngi gi c thng bng khi ang i b.
S tng tc gia ngi i b v kt cu
theo cch tng t cng c ghi nhn trn
mt s cu khc, k c chic cu treo Clifton ni
ting Bristol. Hin tng ny khng lin quan
ti hnh dng kt cu ca cu, m ng hn l
c lin quan n hnh vi ng x ca nhng
ngi i b. Bi bo mi y ca cc k s
ngnh xy dng dn dng trng i hc
Bristol, c cng b trong tp ch Proceedings
of the Royal Society A (Nghi thc ca X hi
Hong gia A), cp n vic kho st cch
thc s ng m ngi ta gi c thng bng
khi ang i l nh th no.
S thng bng ca ngi ang i b, c
m bo nh s thay i v tr t bn chn
mi bc i, ch ph thuc vo s di ch (nhc
chn) ln cui v vo vn tc ca trng tm c
th bc i trc . Chin lc gi thng
bng ging nh khi i b bnh thng trn mt
b mt tnh c ngi ta p dng cho vic
i trn mt cy cu ang lc l theo chiu ngang.
Khng cn thay i tn s ca nhp bc i (tn
s bnh qun trn mt s ln chu k) m nhng
ngi i b vn c th tc ng mt cch hu
hiu, nh mt b gim chn tiu cc, vo s
chuyn ng ca cy cu, m dao ng ny ca
cu c th mt tn s khc. Do vy, ngi i
b c th v tnh tip thm nng lng cho
nhng dao ng ca cu. Theo Tin s John
Macdonald, ging vin cao cp v K thut dn
dng, th: R rng l s chuyn ng ca cy
cu nh hng n lc tc ng t pha nhng
ngi i b, ch khng phi n thun l ch c
ngi i b tc ng mt ngoi lc ln cu.
V i th th ngi ta ngh rng s lc l
ca cy cu Thin nin k l do nhng ngi i
b ng b ho cc bc i ca h vi s
chuyn ng ca chic cu. Tuy nhin, iu ny
li cha c khng nh t cc s liu o c
trn nhng cy cu khc.
Cc nh nghin cu phi ngc nhin khi
pht hin ra rng nhng ngi i b trn cu m
gi c thng bng mt cch h ho nh bnh
thng, li c th gy ra hin tng rung lc
mnh cho cu . Rt cuc, iu ny c v nh
gii thch c s pht sinh hin tng lc l
cu Thin nin k v a ra c mt cch nhn
mi c tnh xuyn sut v vic thit k cu
trnh c cc vn dao ng.
Anh L
Theo ScienceDaily
- ng st Xuyn s ni lin vo nm 2015
l tuyn b ca B trng giao thng
Malaysia - Chan Kong Choy ti Hi ngh
Tng gim c ng st cc nc ASEAN,
t chc ti Malaysia ngy 27/11/2008. Hi
ngh ln th 11 nhm cng tc c bit tuyn
ng st xuyn t Singapore - Cn Minh
t chc ti H Ni sng 5/10 va qua a
ra nhiu gii php nhm y nhanh tin trnh
ni thng nhng on cn li ca tuyn
ng st xuyn .
Hin ti tuyn ng st xuyn t
Singapore n Cn Minh (Trung Quc) c
bn hon thnh, ch cn on t Phnm Pnh
(Campuchia) n TP H Ch Minh l cha c

xy dng GTVT TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
24

ni thng. ng cai hi ngh ln th 11, lnh o
B GTVT khng nh Vit Nam ang tch cc
trin khai vic thc hin D n ng st xuyn
, hin hon thnh vic nghin cu on
cha c t TP HCM i Lc Ninh v t bin gii
Lo n Vit Nam qua Vng ng. pha Bc,
trin khai d n nng cp tuyn ng st H
Ni - Lo Cai ni vi Trung Quc ti H Khu.
Ti hi ngh ny, pha Campuchia cho bit,
ang xc tin xy dng on ng st t Bat
Deung - Trapeang - Sri ni vi Vit Nam ti Lc
Ninh.
Th tng Chnh ph Vit Nam cng va
iu chnh Quy hoch pht trin giao thng
ng st n nm 2020 v tm nhn 2030,
trong khng nh mc tiu thc hin D n
ng st xuyn ti Vit Nam. Tham gia vo
tuyn ng st xuyn s gp phn tch cc
vo vic pht trin kinh t, vn ha, x hi ca
Vit Nam ni ring, s thnh vng v ha bnh
ca khu vc ni chung.
Trc , ngy 11/6/2009, Hip nh Lin
chnh ph v mng ng st xuyn chnh
thc c hiu lc. Mng li ng st xuyn
ni lin 28 quc gia chu u v chu , ng vai
tr quan trng trong vic vn chuyn hnh khch
v hng ho ni lin hai chu lc cng nh thc
y s pht trin kinh t - x hi ca cc nc
trong cc khu vc. Vit Nam l nc th 9 hon
thnh th tc ph duyt Hip nh Lin chnh ph
v mng ng st xuyn .
ng st xuyn i t Singapore, qua
Malaysia, Min in, Thi Lan, Lo, Campuchia,
Vit Nam v Cn Minh (Trung Quc). on
ng t Poipet n Sisophon (Campuchia)
c khi cng t u nm 2009, vi ng ray
do Malaysia ti tr v chi ph xy dng do Ngn
hng Pht trin chu (ADB) ti tr.
Vic hon thnh on ng ny s cho
php ni lin Singapore vi th Phnm Pnh
ca Campuchia. ADB cng ti tr khi
phc v nng cp cc on ng cn li trn
lnh th Campuchia ni vi Vit Nam. Ti Vit
Nam, ngoi tuyn ng st Thng nht ang
hot ng ni thng vi H Khu (Trung Quc),
Lin danh cc nh t vn Trung Quc CMC-
CRCC hon thnh bo co nghin cu kh thi
d n ng st Si Gn - Lc Ninh, kt ni t
TP H Ch Minh n Bnh Phc. y l d n
nm trong chin lc pht trin ng st n
nm 2020 c Chnh ph ph duyt v cng
nm trong khun kh tuyn ng st xuyn
t Singapore - Cn Minh (Trung Quc).
Tuyn ng st Si Gn - Lc Ninh d kin
di 128,5 km i qua hai tnh Bnh Dng v Bnh
Phc vi tng mc u t khong 438 triu
USD. Tuyn ng s c khi cng vo u
nm 2010, sau khi hon tt cc th tc v thu
xp ti chnh. Tuyn ng st Si Gn - Lc
Ninh l thnh phn quan trng ca tuyn ng
st xuyn , ca ng kt ni Vit Nam v cc
nc ng Nam .
xy dng GTVT TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


im u ca tuyn kt ni vi ng st
Thng nht ti ga D An v kt thc ti ca khu
Hoa L (Campuchia), ton tuyn c 13 ga. Cng
vi l tuyn ng st Vng ng - M Gi
(H Tnh) ni vi Lo, c chiu di khong
119km. Trn tuyn cng s xy dng 12 ga, 7
hm v 24 cu, tng mc u t khong 4.523 t
ng. D n hon thnh khi s m ra c hi,
trin vng ln trong vic hp tc, thc y vn ti
v thng mi gia cc nc trong khu vc.
Sau khi hon thnh, ng st xuyn di
khong 114.000km, ni lin 28 quc gia. ng
st xuyn c nh gi l mt trong nhng
d n giao thng ch yu ca ASEAN nhm thc
y s pht trin mnh m v kinh t, vn ha v
du lch ca cc nc trong khu vc.
y cng l mt trong nhng ni dung quan
trng ti Hi ngh cc tng gim c ng st
khu vc ASEAN hng nm. Ch xy dng
tuyn ng st xuyn nhiu nm qua lun
c cc nc ASEAN quan tm c bit. Bi
mt khi con ng t la - u c phc hi
s thc y s pht trin v kinh t, x hi, vn
ha Ca cc nc trong lc a - u, nht l
cc quc gia khng c bin.
Theo s sch, con ng thng mi ny
c cch y khong 2.000 nm ni ch La M
pha Ty vi triu nh phong kin Trung Hoa
pha ng, m ra giao lu kinh t, vn ha
mang li thnh vng cho cc nc c tuyn
ng chy qua.
V tuyn ng st xuyn (Trans-Asia
Railway) cng c v nh tuyn ng st T
la (Iron Silk Road) s gnh vc mt s mng
giao thng quan trng nh tuyn ng t la
c t lu i. Chnh v vy, tt c cc quc gia
k kt Hip nh Lin chnh ph v mng ng
st xuyn u cam kt s lm ht sc mnh
d n nhanh chng tr thnh hin thc.
T.N.
Theo Vn
Cu Millau, tc phm cng ngh v m thut tuyt vi
u cn Millau l mt cu bc qua thung
lng ca sng Tarn gn Millau nam
nc Php. Cu ny do kin trc s ngi
Anh Norman Foster v k s v cu ngi
Php Michel Virlogeux
thit k v bt u a
vo thi cng ngy 10/10/2001.
y l cy cu cao nht th gii, vi nh cao
nht ca mt ct ca n l 343m, cao hn thp
Eiffel. Cu cn ny l mt phn ca trc giao
thng ng b A75-
A71 t Paris n
Bziers. Sau 38 thng
C

xy dng GTVT TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION
26

thi cng, cu ny c chnh thc khnh thnh
vo ngy 14 thng 12 nm 2004 v thng xe hai
ngy sau .
Tp on xy dng Php Eiffage, tng xy
dng thp Eiffel Paris b vn u t cho d n
cu Millau.
Cng ty Eiffage phi b ra khon tin xy
dng tr gi 524 triu USD c quyn thu
ph qua cu Millau trong vng 75 nm.
K t khi cu Millau c thng xe chnh
thc, mi ti x s phi tr khon ph 5,60USD
cho mt ln qua cu. Cu Millau tr thnh mt
im thu ht khch du lch khp ni ti tham
quan v hng ngy c t 10.000 n 25.000 xe
c cc loi lu thng.
Cc k lc xy dng
Cu ny ph 3 k lc th gii:
Ct thp tr cu cao nht th gii: Ct thp
P2 v P3, cao ln lt 244,96m v 221,05m, ph
k lc ca Php c lp trc bi cc cu
cn Tulle v Verrires (141 m), v k lc th gii
trc do cu cn Kochertal (c) nm gi, c
chiu cao 181m vo thi im n cao nht. Ct
cao nht th gii: nh ca ct thp P2 cao
343m.
Sn cu cao nht th gii, cao 270m trn
sng Tarn ti im cao nht. N gn nh gp i
chiu cao ca cu cao nht trc chu u,
Europabrcke o. N cao hn cu hm ni
sng New West Virginia Hoa K, vi chiu
cao 267m trn sng New.
P.T.
Theo Vn
Hi tho an ton giao thng khu vc chu
Thp k hnh ng v an ton giao thng ng b
ngy 7-9/10, ti Singapore, din ra Hi
tho thng nin ln th 7 v ATGT ng
b ton cu vi ch Hng ti thp k hnh
ng v ATGT (Towards a Decade of Action).
Hi tho thu ht hn 200 i biu i din cho 20
quc gia tham d.
Theo thng k ca Hip hi an ton ng b
ton cu (Hosted by the Global Road Safety
Partnership - GRSP): Mi nm th gii c
khong 1,2 triu ngi cht do TNGT v tng 50
ln s ngi b
thng. Vi s gia
tng dn s, s tng
trng kinh t v gia
tng mnh v tn d
li, nhng nc chu ang phi gnh chu
nhng hu qu nng n v s ngi cht v
thng vong do TNGT ng b gy ra.
Ti phin khai mc, ng Choi Shing Kwok, th
k thng trc ca B Giao thng Singapore ch ra
rng: Ch ca bui hi tho Hng ti thp k
hnh ng v ATGT nhn mnh n tnh ph hp
v kp thi ca tm quan trng ca vic duy tr cc
hnh ng cng nh gi tr ca vic lin tc, hot
ng tp th ca cc thnh phn khc nhau lm
gim s lng
thng vong.
Cn Gim c
khu vc chu
ca GRSP- ng
T

on i biu Vit Nam tham d Hi tho v chng
trnh thm nh An ton giao thng ng b

an ton giao thng TRAFFIC SAFETY
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


Rob Klein khng nh: Nu chng ta mun t
c mc tiu ca Thp k hnh ng l gim
nhanh cc v va chm cc nc thu nhp thp
v trung bnh, th tt c mi thnh phn trong x
hi phi hnh ng nhiu hn na. ng thi,
ng Klein cng lu rng thc t cho thy, ng
sau Thp k hnh ng y vn ang tn ti
s ch trch, bi s mt mt thng vong do
TNGT ng b thng khng nhn c s
quan tm thch ng tng xng vi nh hng
thm khc ca n.
Cn TG C quan an ton ng b
Malaysia, ng Datuk Suret Singh cho rng: ATGT
l mt vn quan trng, nhng tht khng may
n b b qua trong sut mt thi gian di. Hn
3% tng thu nhp quc ni trn th gii ang b
mt i bi nhng tai nn, nhng mi ch l
phn ni ca tng bng. Mt v TNGT xy ra c
3 giy, nhng li thit hi v ni s hi sut
i.
Nhng mt mt khng bao gi c th
thng k c. By gi l thi im thch hp
cho vn ATGT, bi v vn c xc
nh trong thp k hnh ng, tng t nh kt
qu m t chc an ton ng b cc nc
ASEAN va nhm hp trc khi din ra hi tho
ny - ng Datuk Suret Singh nhn mnh. Thm
vo , hi tho cng to c hi cho cc quan
chc chnh ph, chuyn gia ATGT, cc t chc
nhn o, phi chnh ph v cc i din ca cc
cng ty t nhn chia s kinh nghim, thnh cng
bc u cng nh tm ra gii php cho nhng
thch thc kh khn trong cng tc bo m trt
t ATGT.
Hi tho ln ny tp trung vo nhng vn
cp thit v thc t, cch gim ng k cc v
TNGT bng nhng hnh ng trn nhng a
bn trng yu. Ti cc phin tho lun nhm, ch
lm th no gim c TNGT lun c
t ra bi tnh thi s. ng ch l cc tham
lun ca cc i biu n t Nht Bn,
Singapore, Malaysia, Trung Quc, Vit Nam...
Cc tham lun ln lt lm r cc ni
dung c th nh: Th nht, nhng kinh nghim
thnh cng, nhng h thng x l d liu ng
tin cy c th gip cc quc gia gii quyt mt
cch hiu qu hn nhng thch thc v ATGT.
Th hai, cc bo co v qu trnh y mnh
nhng bin php m bo ATGT nh: S dng
dy bo him, MBH, x l v tc , gim t l s
dng cht kch thch khi iu khin xe, li xe hiu
qu an ton, gim thiu thit hi ti mt s quc
gia tiu biu.
Th ba, tranh lun v gii quyt nhng thch
thc v cch p dng nhng kinh nghim thnh
cng c c trong lnh vc ATGT a ra.
Th t, cp nht nhng thng tin v nhng
thnh cng c c t vic y mnh vic p
dng bt buc s dng MBH VN v
Campuchia, nhng n lc trong cng tc gio
dc v hng dn thi hnh v vn ny, thnh
cng trong vic gim thiu tnh trng s dng
cht kch thch trong khi iu khin xe t cng
tc gio dc v thi hnh Lut 2 thnh ph ca
Trung Quc. Nhng sng kin t chng trnh
s dng MBH vi s tham gia ca 111 cng
ng min Bc Thi Lan; Chng trnh hnh
ng ngn chn tnh trng s dng cht kch
thch trong khi iu khin xe VN v cc thng
tin t cc quc gia pht trin khc.
c khi xng bi T chc FIA, Thp k
hnh ng ATGT ng b ton cu nhn c
s ng h rng ri v chng minh l c hiu qu
nht l nc ang pht trin. Bi vy, ng Klein
cho rng, chng ta cn tip tc u tranh v an
an ton giao thng TRAFFIC SAFETY
28

ton ng b khi chng ta tip tc c gii ho v
pht trin ton din mi trng giao thng.
B.T.
Theo Vn
BIN TN HIU THNG MINH
GIP NGN CHN CC V VA M XE C
c nh nghin cu Vin Nghin cu Vn
ti thuc i hc Cng ngh Technion-
Israel pht trin c mt bin bo giao
thng thng minh gip cho li xe c c
quyt nh ng n v trnh c nhng va
m cc nt giao m cn thiu n tn hiu
giao thng.
Thit b gm 2 camera lp t trn mt chic
ct ti nt giao thng - mt chic hng v pha
ng trc chnh (ng u tin) cn chic kia
hng vo ng th yu (khng u tin). Mt
my tnh c t bn di s thng xuyn x
l cc d liu nhn c t cc camera. Khi c
nguy c va m xy ra, nhng chic n chp lo
trn 2 bin tn hiu ch nt giao s c kch
hot cnh bo cho cc li xe ang tin n.
Theo Tin s Yotam Abramson, nh sng ch
ra h thng ny th: Tai nn cc nt giao m
khng c n tn hiu giao thng thng xy ra
khi ngi li ang lao xe ln t pha ng
khng u tin m khng n bin bo giao
thng v khng thc c l h khng c
quyn u tin. Nguyn nhn khc ca cc v tai
nn c th l khi li xe c nhn ra bin bo giao
thng m khng tip thu c thng tin mt cch
chnh xc.
Trong c hai trng hp th ngi li u c
quyt nh khng chun xc, Abramson ni. Gi
s c n chp lo lin tc th s thu ht c
s ch ca li xe n chic bin bo v lm
tng s cnh gic cho anh ta.
Thit b ny c th nghim ti mt nt
giao ng t ng th Tel Aviv. Nt giao
ny c tm nhn hn ch v on tip cn tc
cao t pha ng u tin, v vic phn bit
ng trc chnh vi ng th yu l kh kh
khn. Ti nhng nt giao kiu ny, ngi li kh
bit c bng trc gic v quyn u tin lu
thng, iu ny s lm cho vic nhn ra v hiu
bit v cc bin bo thm ch cn kh khn hn.
Cc nh nghin cu tin rng thit b ny gip
gim c s v tai nn v cn - tai nn ti cc
im giao ct, m khng lm cn tr dng xe
ang lu thng trn ng u tin.
Ngoi ra h cn nghin cu v loi n tn hiu
thng minh c th t kch hot khi n pht hin
mt li xe ang sp chy ngang qua mt nt giao
bt chp c tn hiu n . Trong trng hp ny,
n s lo sng lin tc hoc s tr hon thi gian
n xanh hng kia. Theo Abramson th h
thng ny cng c th c s dng nh mt
camera theo di vi phm giao thng.
Gs.David Mahalel, Gim c Vin Nghin cu
Vn ti cho bit thm l h ang thit k mt loi
kt cu h tng thng minh m lin kt c
cc my tnh v h c gii ho vi h thng vn
ti. Ban An ton Giao thng Quc gia Israel s
cp kinh ph cho cng trnh nghin cu ny, cng
vi s ti tr ca s vn ti Tel Aviv.
Anh L
Theo ScienceDaily



C
an ton giao thng TRAFFIC SAFETY
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


Xe thng minh c th hc c t cch li ca ch s hu
v cnh bo c khi thy c nguy c tai nn
c nh khoa hc t 6 nc chu u
pht trin mt h thng my tnh mi, gi l
DRIVSCO, cho php nhng chic xe hc theo
cch x l ca nhng ngi iu khin chng khi
ang chy, bng cch , chng c th nhn bit
c khi no ngi li c biu hin x l khc
thng mt khc cong hoc khi gp mt
chng ngi trn ng v chng s pht ra cc
tn hiu bo ng cnh tnh anh ta phn ng
c kp thi.
Khng ging nh nhng d n tng t khc,
DRIVSCO vt xa mt h quan st bng my
tnh trong vic tr gip cho li xe. tng
c nghin cu k ny l lm th no mt
chic xe m n hc c theo cch iu khin
ca ngi li khi i din vi: Mt ch ng
cong hoc mt nt giao, mt ngi i b hoc mt
xe p ang n gn. Bt k kiu cch iu khin
xe ca ngi li: Phng khong hay bo th (theo
nh phong cch li ca anh ta), h ny vn c
c mt kiu x l tay li chun mc.
Thc vy, khi li xe vo ban m, nu chic
xe nhn thy c s chch hng khi ang chy
ti mt khc cong trc mt, th n hiu l do
tm nhn ca li xe b hn ch (v trong trng
ca cc tia sng yu nn tm nhn ca ngi li
cng b hn ch, tri li h quan st ban m ca
chic xe th mnh hn v c mt tm nhn di
hn nhiu). Nh vy m n c th pht ra cc tn
hiu bo ng cnh bo ngi li v cch x
l khc thng khi ang n gn mt khc
cong, hoc l nhn bit c l n ang i mt
vi mt vt th kh nng gy ra nguy him,
chng hn.
Cc tai nn vo ban
m
Nhng ngi ang m trch d n ny ni
rng: 42% cc v tai nn giao thng ch t
(khng trnh c) l xy ra vo ban m, theo
s liu ca Hi ng t chu u, y l mt
con s gy lo ngi cc k nu chng ta cho rng
s lu thng vo ban m th gim i chng
60%. l v, mt trong nhng nhn t l tm
nhn khi li xe vo ban m b gim i.
i din Ty Ban Nha d n ny l nhm
nghin cu thuc B mn Cu trc v Cng
ngh My tnh ca i hc Granada (Ty Ban
Nha) do gio s Eduardo Ros Vidal lnh o.
Ngoi ra DRIVSCO cn c s tham gia ca cc
nh khoa hc t cc nc: c (i hc
Gttingen, i hc Mnster v cng ty Hella &
Hueck), an Mch (i hc Southern Denmark),
Lithuania (i hc Vytautas Magnus), B (i hc
Cng gio Leuven) v Italy (i hc Geneva).
Nhm nghin cu ca i hc Granada
pht trin c mt h thng quan st nhn to
(phn tch kch bn) ch trong mt vi mch (con
chp). B phn ny nhn cc hnh nh u vo
v s to ra c: Mt bn dch kch bn u
tin nhn theo chiu su (tm nhn 3D), s
chuyn ng cc b, cc ng nt hnh nh,
v.v.. Mi th u trong mt con chp duy nht.
H ny c th lp t c vo trong cc loi xe
khc nhau c trong tng lai. Ngoi ra, ngi ta
cn s dng mt phn cng c th ti cu hnh
c, cho h thng c th t thch nghi vi
phm vi s dng mi.
Cc kt qu kh quan
Trong qu trnh th nghim, mt nhm li xe
s dng c h DRIVSCO ti mc chic xe
c th hc theo c
phong cch li xe ca h.
Ngoi ra nhng xe ny
C

Mn hnh ca h thng DRIVSCO.

an ton giao thng TRAFFIC SAFETY
30

cn c gn thm: mt thit b GPS vi sai (vi
chnh xc ti vi centimet), cc h thng d
tm ch r, h phanh hm, v.v.., Sao cho cc
nhm nghin cu c th kim sot c mt
cch rt t m phong cch li xe trong mi
trng hp v hiu nng ca h thng ny.
Nhng th nghim u tin cho cc kt qu
y ha hn v khng nh c s hu ch
ca tng mi ny.
Gio s Ros nhn mnh: Vi d n ny
nhm ca ng khng c nh nghin cu ra cc
h thng li xe t ng (v nh vy s rt kh i
vi cc hng bo him v cc cng ty t trong
vic i n mt tho thun, khi xy ra mt v va
m), m ch nhm pht trin nhng h thng
tin tin h tr cho vic li xe. Mc tiu cui cng
ca DRIVSCO l phng trnh cc v tai nn xe
c v gp phn vo vic cnh bo cho li xe,
hng s ch ca h tp trung c n mc
cao nht.
Mt phn kt qu nghin cu v d n ny
c cng b trn cc tp ch khoa hc ni ting
nh IEEE Trans on Image Processing, IEEE
Trans. on Vehicular Technology .
Anh L
Theo ScienceDaily
Chung quanh v tai nn my bay cht 50 ng- i
ngy 12-2-2009 ti Hoa K
huyn bay s 3407 ngy 12/2/2009 ca
hng Clogan Air, my Bombardier Q400
lm nn ti Buffalo (bang New York) lm cht
49 ngi trn tu v m vo to nh cch sn
bay 5 dm lm thit mng thm 1 ngi mt
t.
Tuy cha c kt lun ton din v nguyn
nhn, song qua nhn xt ca Cc an ton vn ti
ton lin bang (NTSB), da vo b ghi m bung
li ti hp en(CVR), thy kh r nt nhiu sai
phm nghim trng. Thm na, v c l cng
quan trng hn na, l pht hin nhiu nguyn
nhn su xa v ch lm vic ca phi hnh
on nhng hng bay a phng hot ng
ti cc ng bay ngn ni a. Tht vy, k t
thng 11/2001 n nay, cc hng bay a
phng gy 5 trong tng s 7 tai nn hng
khng Hoa K, lm 136 ngi cht. V
27/8/2008 do hng Comair lm cht 49 ngi; v
19/10/2004 do hng Corporate Airlines lm cht
49 ngi; v 8/1/2003 do hng Air Midwesr lm
cht 21 ngi, ni chung phn ln do sai phm
ca phi hnh on.
My Bombardier chuyn bay 3407 ch 44
khch v 5 nhn vin phi hnh on, s d lm
nn ch yu do trnh thp, thc cn trng
yu, tnh trng tm - sinh l km, c trng v s
quan c ngi khng t tiu chun mt s
t kim tra. V tn tht au thng ny i hi
NTSB phi i su vo cc nguyn nhn vi phm
phi hnh on, trc ht l ti hng Colgan
Air. Theo thng l cc hng bay a phng,
hoa tiu thng c tr xa tr s hng, lm vic
mi tun 3 - 5 ngy, mi ngy phI bay nhiu
chuyn. Hng Colgan c tr s ti Newark, trong
s 137 hoa tiu bay t Newark c 93 ngi t
tnh xa n (49 ngi phI i/v hn 400 dm,
29 ngi hn 1000 dm). Thi lng lm vic
thng ko di 12 gi mi ngy, nhng ti a ti
16 gi. Thm na, s gi bay yu cu ca
Colgan cng di mc ti thiu, nh c trng
chuyn 3407 khi k hp ng thng 1/2008 mi
qua 618 gi trong khi ti thiu phi l 1000 gi.
Vic iu tra v m rng iu tra nguyn
nhn ang tip din, song chc chn bt ngun
t tnh trng lng t lm vic nhiu, trnh
C
an ton giao thng TRAFFIC SAFETY
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


thp, c cu v c ch qun l yu km ca
hng bay.
Hnh An
Theo AWST
Php chiu phim v an ton giao thng
trung tun thng 9, i truyn hnh
quc gia Php bt u pht mt lot
phim cnh bo nhm tng cng thc ca
ngi dn Php v vic chp hnh lut giao
thng.
Tng cng 20 on phim, mi on ko di 1
pht c pht trn 4 knh truyn hnh thuc h
thng i truyn hnh quc gia ca Php. t
chiu phim ny ko di 6 tun. Theo C quan an
ton giao thng ca Php, mc ch ca lot
phim ny l nhn mnh tm quan trng ca vic
tun th cc quy nh trong lut giao thng.
Cc phim c tiu chung l: "Tai nn giao
thng khng bao gi ngu nhin xy ra", c
xy dng da trn cc v tai nn c tht, qua
lm ni bt nhng nguyn nhn v hu qu ca
vic vi phm lut giao thng.
Trc y, c ln i truyn hnh quc gia
Php truyn hnh trc tip ti trng quay cnh:
Mt ngi b bt mt, ngi trn xe m qu bng.
Xe ang chy, bt thnh lnh phanh gp, qu
bng ri ra, ngi ng di v pha trc. MC
hi, lc , anh on tc
ca xe l bao nhiu.
Anh ta tr li, t nht
10km/gi. Nhng thc t
xe ch chy c 5 km/gi.
Chuyn cho thy, tp
trung khi li v tht dy
an ton khi ngi trn xe
ht sc quan trng. l iu bt buc, nu
khng s b pht nng. Nht l ch ngi cnh ti
x, nhiu ngi gi l ch cht.
Nu c chuyn xy ra, phn ng t nhin ca
li xe s lo trnh cho mnh trc. Ban iu tra tai
nn (S Giao thng Php) cho bit, phn ln cc
v tai nn trn ng cao tc v ng ven ,
ngi ngi cnh, k c ci dy an ton phn
ln vn thit mng, hoc tn ph, mt t nht
28% sc lao ng. V vy, vic ng nhin sau
khi ng ca xe l qu tay ln ko dy an ton
xung v trn ng lun mt tinh tai thnh
trnh sao nhng phi nh li bt ng hay
phanh t ngt.
Tai nn giao thng xy ra phn ln l do li
ch quan ca con ngi. Ngi mt mi, bun
ng u tin mnh c th lt qua c, gng
c khi li xe. Ngi phng nhanh tin vo kh
nng li xe ca mnh. Ngi ni chuyn in
thoi ngh mnh c th kim sot c tay li. V
khi tai nn xy ra c hi tic th cng mun.
Theo C quan an ton giao thng ca Php,
cc li vi phm giao
thng nh s dng in
thoi, vt tc , bt
n xi-nhan sai hay ln
ln ng... L nguyn
nhn gy ra 90% s v
tai nn giao thng
Php. Nm ngoi, ti
T

an ton giao thng TRAFFIC SAFETY
32

Php c gn 4.300 ngi thit mng trong cc
tai nn ng b, gim nh (7,5%) so vi mt
nm trc .
Mt trong nhng l do khin s v tai nn
giao thng gim l nh cc bin php tuyn
truyn, vn ng gia tng thc ca ngi dn.
Vi t chiu phim mi ny, cc c quan chc
nng Php hy vng s tip tc gp phn gim
thiu tai nn giao thng quc gia ny.
P.T.
Theo Vn

S C TUYN NG ST TH
N SN BAY N BA V TRUNG
TM HA N
Lin doanh Tp on ITOCHU (Nht Bn) v
TRICC (Vit Nam) ang thc hin d n nghin
cu kh thi tuyn ng st th ni sn bay
Ni Bi vi trung tm H Ni. Hin ti trn tuyn
ny giao thng cng cng ch c xe but, taxi v
phng tin giao thng c nhn... Tnh trng qu
ti v ch tc giao thng xy ra hng ngy, nht
l vo nhng gi cao im.
Tuyn ng ny di khong 32 - 34 km t
Ga H ng n Ga sn bay Ni Bi T1. Trong
, c 26 km ng st c ci to, nng cp.
Phn u t xy mi t 6 - 8 km ni tip t tuyn
ng st hin c n ga sn bay T1, trn tuyn
c 3 ga: H ng, Ph Dim v ga Sn bay.
B.T.
TAU KHCH HA THN CHAY NHANH
NHT TH G
Tu khch 2 thn mang tn SHINAS c
ng ti nh my ng tu Austal (Austraha) cho
ch tu l Sultanate of Oman hin nay l loi tu
khch 2 thn chy bng ng c diezen nhanh
nht th gii. Tc ca tu bnh thng t ti
52 hi l/gi v cao nht c th t ti 55,952 hi
l/gi (103,5 km/gi).
Tu c th ch c 208 hnh khch v 56
xe t trn tuyn ng di 180 hi l gia
Shinas v qun o Musandam. Tu c v tr p
cho my bay trc thng h tr cho vic tm
kim cu nn trn bin. H ng lc ca tu
c trang b 4 my diezen MTU20, cng sut
mi my l 6.500 kw lai chn vt kiu phun
Waterjet loi Roll- Royce/Kamewa.A.T.
3 NGHN T NG CA LO CY CU
TRAM TU
Tng cng ty T vn thit k GTVT (TEDI)
c B GTVT giao nghin cu xy dng
phng n khi phc cu Long Bin, trn c s
kt qu nghin cu ca mt s t vn nc
ngoi trc y v chuyn i thnh d n u
t theo qui nh ca Vit Nam, va qua bo
co kt qu nghin cu vi B GTVT, Ph Th
tng Hong Trung Hi v cc c quan lin
quan.
Nng ton b cu ln cao 3 mt, m rng mt
cu, khi phc nguyn hnh dng nh trc nm
1965, x l nt giao pha H Ni bng cch xy
thm hm chui cho hng xe chy thng trn
ng Trn Nht Dut... L phng n khi
phc cu Long Bin c B GTVT xut.
B.T.
NHT BAN: CC BN PHP CANH BO
XE HYBRD CHO NG KHUYT TT
Mt y ban ca B Giao thng Nht Bn va
a ra cc bin php cnh bo an ton cho
ngi khuyt tt v loi xe hybrid, loi xe chy
bng c xng v in. Theo y ban ny, nhng
ngi khuyt tt thng kh pht hin ra xe
Trang tin vn NEWS IN BRIEF
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009


hybrid trn ng do xe pht ra rt t ting n khi
chy vi tc chm.
y ban xut vic lp t cc thit b m
thanh trn loi xe hybrid. Thit b ny s t pht
ting ng khi t chy vi tc khong
20km/gi. m lng pht ra tng t nh m
thanh cc ng c ca cc loi t thng
thng khc. B Giao thng Nht Bn s thng
qua k hoch ny ln cui cng vo cui nm
nay sau khi tham kho kin cng chng. B
Giao thng cng cho bit, vic pht trin thit b
m thanh mi ny s mt khong 2 nm.B.T.

MY PHT TRN THANH CNG MY BAY
DNG HYDROGEN
Hi qun M pht trin thnh cng loi
my bay s dng pin nhiu liu hydrogen. Pin
nhin liu hydrogen sn xut in bng cch kt
hp gia kh hydrogen v kh oxygen, trong
nhin liu h tr ch l nc v nhit.
Trong chuyn bay th nghim, my bay Ion
Tiger khng ngi li (UAV) bay lin tc 23
gi 17 pht m khng cn tip nhin liu. Hiu
qu ca ng c s dng nhin liu hydrogen
ny cao gp 4 ln so vi ng c t trong.
Cc nh nghin cu nhn mnh u th qun
s vt tri ca my bay UAV ny l gn nh
khng b pht hin t mt t v c th thc hin
cc nhim v c bit i hi tm bay xa.
Qun i M cng ang pht trin cng ngh
pin nng lng kiu nh UAV tng cng
nng lc ca cc phng tin trn mt t, trn
khng v di bin.
Cc nh khoa hc M cho rng thnh cng
ca UAV khng nh cng ngh sch c th
ng dng rng ri trong nhiu lnh vc k c
qun s.
A.T.
MY BAY U TN DNG NHN LU
TU KH TU NHN
Hng hng khng Qatar Airways ghi du
n ca mnh trong lch s ngnh hng khng th
gii bng vic thc hin thnh cng chuyn bay
thng mi u tin s dng nhin liu t kh t
nhin, m ra c hi y tim nng cung cp
nhin liu ny cho ngnh hng khng trong
tng lai.

Loi nhin liu c bit ni trn do Cng ty
du kh a quc gia Royal Dutch Shell PLC
nghin cu pha ch trong hn ba thp k qua.
Loi nhin liu ny p dng t l pha trn 50-50
gia nhin liu cho my bay thng thng vi
mt loi du tng hp nh chuyn i kh t
nhin sang th lng.
Chic my bay A340-600 c chn th
nghim loi nhin liu mi ny thc hin
chuyn bay an ton t sn bay London Gatwick
London (London, Anh) n th Doha ca
Qatar ngy 12-10 va qua.
L thnh vin ca T chc cc nc xut
khu du m (OPEC), Qatar cng l mt trong
nhng ni c tr lng kh t nhin ln nht th
gii. Quc gia nh b Vng Vnh ny hy vng
tr thnh nh sn xut hng u loi du tng
hp lm t kh t nhin khi a vo sn xut
thng mi loi nhin liu ny vo nm 2012.
Ngnh hng khng Qatar phi hp vi nh
ch to my bay Airbus, nh sn xut ng c
Rolls-Royce, Shell v Cng ty du kh quc gia
Trang tin vn NEWS IN BRIEF
34

Qatar pht trin loi nhin liu tng hp dng
cho my bay ni trn, nhm ci thin cht lng
hng khng a phng bng vic ct gim kh
thi.
D n kh t nhin dng cho my bay m
ra mt th trng tim nng mi cho ti
nguyn kh t ca Qatar. Tuy nhin, gi thnh
sn xut loi nhin liu mi ny vn cn cao,
ng ngha vi vic cha th cnh trnh ngay
vi loi nhin liu dng cho my bay hin thi.
Trc y, mt s nc cng tm cch
pht trin cc loi nhin liu thay th. Nam Phi
ch to c loi nhin liu cho my bay
c lm t than , trong khi nh ch to my
bay Boeing phi hp vi nhiu hng hng
khng th nghim loi nhin liu sch lm t
cc loi du thc vt.
V.V.T.




















































Trang tin vn NEWS IN BRIEF
Thng tin KHCN GTVT 11 2009