GII THIU V TIU CHUN IS0 9001 PHIN BN MI NM 2008

Ths. Nguyn Tri V

Hin nay, hu ht cc chng trnh gio dc ca Trng Cao ng Thng mi u c hc phn v qun tr cht lng, c bc trung cp chuyn nghip v cao ng. Cc hc phn ny c dn chiu v gii thiu cho ngi hc v Tiu chun ISO 9000 nhm mc ch trang b kin thc c bn v h thng qun l cht lng vn dng vo thc tin cng tc sau khi ra trng. Nay, vi s ra i ca b tiu chun mi ISO 9001:2008, Bn tin Khoa hc gi n bn c, ch yu l HSSV nhng thng tin tm tt v tiu chun ny tham kho. S lc v B tiu chun quc t ISO 9000 B tiu chun ISO 9000 c T chc Tiu chun ho Quc t cng b nm 1987. y l b tiu chun v h thng cht lng; n khng phi l tiu chun hay qui nh k thut v sn phm. S ra i ca n to ra mt bc ngot trong hot ng tiu chun v cht lng trn th gii nh ni dung thit thc v s hng ng rng ri, nhanh chng ca nhiu nc, c bit l cc doanh nghip. B tiu chun ISO 9000 l phng tin hiu qu gip cc nh sn xut t xy dng v p dng h thng m bo cht lng c s mnh, ng thi cng l phng tin m bn mua c th cn c vo tin hnh kim tra ngi sn xut, kim tra s n nh ca sn xut v cht lng sn phm trc khi k hp ng. ISO 9000 a ra cc chun mc cho mt h thng cht lng v c th p dng rng ri trong cc lnh vc sn xut , kinh doanh v dch v. ISO 9000 hng dn cc t chc cng nh cc doanh nghip xy dng mt m hnh qun l thch hp v vn bn ho cc yu t ca h thng cht lng theo m hnh chn. Trit l ca ISO 9000 v qun l cht lng l ''nu h thng sn xut v qun l tt th sn phm v dch v m h thng sn xut ra s tt''. Cc doanh nghip v t chc hy vit ra nhng g cn lm; lm nhng g vit; chng minh l lm v sot xt, ci tin. ISO 9000 c 8 nguyn tc: 1) Hng vo khch hng; 2) S lnh o; 3) S tham gia ca mi ngi; 4) Cch tip cn theo qu trnh; 5) Cch tip cn theo h thng i vi qun l; 6) Ci tin lin tc; 7) Quyt nh da trn s kin; 8) Quan h hp tc cng c li. Tnh n nay, ISO 9000 tri qua 4 ln cng b, b sung v thay th l vo cc nm 1987, 1994, 2000 v gn y nht l ngy 14/11/2008. Trong , ISO 9001:2000 thay th cho b 3 tiu chun ISO 9001, 9002 v 9003 (nm 1994). ISO 9001:2000 c tiu l H thng qun l cht lng - Cc yu cu, khng gi l H thng m bo cht lng nh ln ban hnh th nht v th hai. Tiu chun ISO 9004:2000 cng ng thi c ban hnh trn c s sot xt li tiu chun ISO 9004:1994. ISO 9004:2000 c s dng cng vi ISO 9001:2000 nh l 1 cp thng nht cc tiu chun v h thng qun l cht lng. ISO 9004:2000 a ra cc ch dn v i tng p dng h thng qun l cht lng mt phm vi rng hn.

Phin bn nm 1994 ISO 9000:1994 ISO 9001: 1004

Phin bn nm 2000 ISO 9000: 2000 ISO 9001: 2000

Phin bn nm 2008 ISO 9000: 2005 ISO 9001: 2008

Tn tiu chun HTQLCL C s & t vng

ISO 9002: 1994 ISO 9003: 1994 ISO 9004: 1994 ISO 10011: 1990/1

(bao gm ISO 9001/ 9002/ 9003) ISO 9004: 2000 ISO 19011: 2002 Cha c thay i Cha c thay i

H thng qun l cht lng (HTQLCL) Cc yu cu HTQLCL - Hng dn ci tin Hng dn nh gi HTQLCL/ Mi trng

Mc d vic chng nhn theo tiu chun ISO 9001 l khng bt buc nhng c tnh n nay c hn mt triu chng ch ISO 9001 c cp cho cc t chc thuc cc lnh vc t nhn hoc nh nc cho sn xut v dch v (k c gio dc o to) ti khong 175 quc gia v nn kinh t. Nhng nt mi ca Tiu chun ISO 9001:2008 Trn c s nhng tin b v qun l cht lng, nhng kinh nghim t c, Tiu chun ISO 9001:2008, Quality management system - Requirements (H thng qun l cht lng - Cc yu cu), l bn hiu nh ton din nht bao gm vic a ra cc yu cu mi v tp trung vo khch hng. (Tiu chun ISO 9004:2000, H thng qun l cht lng - Hng dn ci tin, cng ang c hiu nh v d kin s c cng b vo nm 2009.) So vi phin bn nm 2000, ISO 9001:2008 c s tinh chnh, gn lc hn l thay i ton din. N khng a ra cc yu cu mi no, vn gi nguyn cc mc, phm vi v cu trc ca tiu chun. N vn tha nhn v duy tr 8 nguyn tc ban u ca ISO. ISO 9001:2008 ch yu l lm sng t cc yu cu nu trong ISO 9001:2000 nhm khc phc nhng kh khn trong vic din gii, p dng v nh gi. N cng c mt s thay i hng vo vic ci tin nhm tng cng tnh tng thch (nht qun) vi tiu chun ISO 14001:2004 v h thng qun l mi trng. Nhng im tin b mi ca phin bn 2008 l: - Nhn mnh s ph hp ca sn phm; - Ci thin tnh tng thch vi cc tiu chun khc; - Lm r hn cc qu trnh bn ngoi; - Din t r hn cc yu cu: 6.4 Mi trng lm vic; 8.2.1 o lng s tha mn ca khch hng; - B sung tm quan trng ca ri ro; - Quy nh chnh xc hn cc yu cu: Tm quan trng ca ri ro; 5.5.2 i din lnh o; 6.2.2 Hiu lc ca cc nng lc t c; 8.5.2. Hiu lc ca cc hnh ng khc phc; 8.5.3 Hiu lc ca cc hnh ng phng nga. Theo thng bo chung ca ISO v Din n cng nhn quc t (IAF), tiu chun mi khng yu cu cc t chc p dng ISO 9001:2000 phi c nhiu iu chnh cho HTQLCL c xy dng c th ph hp vi cc yu cu trong ISO 9001:2008. Vic chuyn i theo tiu chun mi cng l mt c hi tt cho cc t chc nhn nhn li thc trng p dng cc yu cu ca ISO 9001:2000, t thc hin cc hot ng ci tin nhm nng cao hiu qu ca HTQLCL. Cc t chc p dng HTQLCL theo ISO 9001:2000 c hai tip cn la chn cho chuyn i chng nhn: TUN TH hay CI TIN HIU QU. Thi hn cc t chc chuyn i t ISO 9001:2000 sang ISO 9001:2008 ti a l 24 thng (n ngy 14/11/2010). TUN TH ngha l thc hin ng v y cc yu cu ca ISO 9001:2008. Cch tip cn ny ph hp vi cc t chc hon ton tha mn vi hiu qu ca vic p dng HTQLCL hin ti, hoc vi cc t chc mi ch quan tm n vic c chng nhn m cha thc s coi trng cc gi tr v qun l v ci tin cht lng m HTQLCL c th mang li.

p dng ISO 9001:2008 theo cch tip cn CI TIN HIU QA thch hp vi cc t chc m hiu qu ca HTQLCL cn thp. Trong trng hp ny, chuyn i theo ISO 9001:2008 khng ch l tun th m cn quan trng hn l p dng HTQLCL mt cch thc cht, trn c s thc hin tt yu cu v ci tin v nng cao hiu qu. Qu trnh ny i hi t chc phi thc hin tt nhiu vic hn so vi cch tip cn tun th. Vic la chn tip cn th nht hay tip cn th hai cho d n chuyn i HTQLCL theo ISO 9001:2008 l quyt nh ca mi t chc, ph thuc vo tnh trng ca hot ng qun l cht lng, nhu cu ni b v mong mun ca lnh o t chc. hiu r hn v ISO 9001:2008, cc chuyn gia v t chc c th nghin cu Ti liu gii thiu v h tr: Hng dn cc yu cu v ti liu theo tiu chun ISO 9001:2008 ca Tiu ban k thut ISO/TC176/SC2 (thuc T chc Tiu chun ha Quc t) theo a ch http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/management_standards/iso_9000_iso_14000/iso_9001_ 2008.htm Vic tham kho ti liu ny khng ch hu ch cho cc n v chun b hoc ang xy dng H thng qun l cht lng theo tiu chun ISO 9001:2008, m cn cung cp nhiu thng tin c gi tr cho cc t chc ang p dng HTQLCL mong mun c nhng iu chnh cho ph hp vi cc yu cu ca tiu chun mi. Ti Vit Nam, Ban k thut tiu chun quc gia TCVN/TC 176 ang tin hnh sot xt li TCVN ISO 9001:2000, d kin phin bn tiu chun quc gia mi nht TCVN ISO 9001 s c cng b trong nm nay.