12

Chapter Objectives
To analyze the stresses in thin-walled pressure vessels. To develop methods to analyze the stresses in members subject to combined loadings (e.g., tension or compression, shear, torsion, bending moments).

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THIN WALLED PRESSURE VESSELS

Cylindrical vessels

Spherical vessels

THIN WALLED PRESSURE VESSELS

t

Thin wall
r

** if thin wall, can assume stress distribution throughout the thickness is constant / uniform

Under pressure

Stress

CYLINDRICAL VESSELS

Longitudinal stress:

pr 2t

Hoop direction/circumfere : nce

pr t

h l

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SPHERICAL VESSELS

pr l 2t
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EXAMPLE 1
A cylindrical pressure vessel has an inner diameter of 1.2 m and a thickness of 12 mm. Determine the maximum internal pressure it can sustain so that neither its circumferential nor its longitudinal stress component exceeds 140 MPa. Under the same conditions, what is the maximum internal pressure that a similar-size spherical vessel can sustain?

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EXAMPLE 2
Why does the tear of this garden hose occur along the length shown? Assume the water pressure is 0.2 MPa.

If the inner diameter of the hose is 3cm, find suitable thickness to sustain the water pressure if maximum allowed stress at the critical tear area is not to exceed 1MPa.
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EXAMPLE 3
A spherical gas tank has an inner radius of r = 1.5m. If it is subjected to an internal pressure of p = 300 kPa, determine its required thickness is the maximum normal stress is not to exceed 12MPa.

Copyright 2011 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd