TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).

2010

TNH TON, THIT K H THNG THNG TIN SI QUANG N CC H GIA NH FTTH (FIBER TO THE HOME) THNH PH NNG
CALCULATING AND DESIGNING THE FTTH SYSTEM IN DANANG CITY L Anh Khoa, Nguyn Vn Tun
Trng i hc Bch khoa, i hc Nng
TM TT Bi bo xy dng m hnh truyn dn quang n cc h gia nh (FTTH) c dng hnh sao v sao m rng gm cc b khuch i quang si EDFA mc chui. Trn c s tnh ton cng sut tn hiu, cng sut nhiu pht x t pht tch lu (ASE) v t s tn hiu trn nhiu (eSNR) ti u my thu t ti v tr bt k trong h thng; lp lu thut ton, tnh ton thit k h thng thng tin si quang FTTH cho 50.000 thu bao trong phm vi thnh ph Nng vi cc tc bt khc nhau: 155Mb/s, 625Mb/s v 2,5Gb/s. Sau , s dng phn mm chuyn dng (OptiSystem) kim chng v nh gi cht lng tn hiu trong h thng. S ph hp gia kt qu tnh ton l thuyt v kt qu m phng chng t tin cy ca m hnh truyn dn, cc biu thc tnh ton v lu thut ton c xy dng. ABSTRACT In this paper, we built a model of the star and expanded-star Fiber To The Home system (FTTH) including cascaded Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA). We calculated the signal Power, Accumulated Spontaneous Emission (ASE) noise power and Electrical Signal-toNoise Ratio at the receiver located at any place in this system and then built an algorithm chart, calculated and designed the Fiber Optic Communication System of 50,000 subscribers in Danang City with different Bit Rates of 155Mb/s, 625Mb/s and 2.5Gb/s. A comprehensive software (OptiSystem) was then used to check and evaluate the signal quality in this system. Approximate results of theory calculation and simulation demonstrated the reliability of the calculating model, algorithm chart and calculating expressions that had been built.

1. M hnh tnh ton h thng truyn dn quang FTTH M hnh tnh ton ca mt nhnh tiu biu trong h thng truyn dn tn hiu vi cc EDFA mc chui c m t trn hnh 1. Cu hnh ny gm c my pht c cng sut PTX , k b khuch i quang EDFA c cc h s khuch i G1 , G2 ,...Gk khc nhau. Trc mi EDFA c mt b lc quang nhm hn ch nhiu quang ASE vi bng thng quang ln lt l Bo1 , Bo 2 ,....Bok . Tn hao cng sut t my pht n EDFA1 l

0 , tn hao trn k phn on tip theo l 1 , 2 ,... k v tn hao cng sut t u ra b

EDFA th k n my thu cui cng l k mythu . Tn hao cng sut t cui phn on th k n my thu cui cng l s .
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

2. Xc nh t s tn hiu trn nhiu (eSNR) ca my thu trong h thng phn phi tn hiu vi cc EDFA mc chui Cng sut nhiu ASE tng ti u vo my thu do cc EDFA to ra nh sau [1]:

0
My pht

G1 F1

1
1 h Trm trung gian

G 2 F2

k 1
1 h

G k Fk k

k maythu

Trm trung gian

s
n
n my

n
n my My thu 1 My thu n

n
n my My thu 1 My thu n My thu 1

n
n my My thu n

My thu 1

My thu n

Hnh 1. M hnh tnh ton ca h thng truyn dn tn hiu FTTH [1]

PAse = P
j =1

j Ase

k 1 k 1 = k maythu ( PAsej i Gi +1 ) + PAsek i= j j =1

(1)

j Trong : PAse vi (j=1,2,k) l cng sut nhiu ASE ti u vo my thu do

EDFA th j gy ra. PAsej = mt n spj h (G j 1) Boj : cng sut nhiu quang do bc x t

pht ASE ti u ra ca b EDFA th j , trong m t , n spj , G j , B oj : ln lt l s mode lan truyn ca qu trnh phn cc, h s pht x t pht, h s khuch i ca EDFA th j v bng thng quang ca b lc quang th j. Mt khc, y cc thng s thit k h thng c xt trong min in ca b thu quang. Trong min ny h thng chu tc ng ca nhiu loi nhiu khc nhau lm nh hng n nhy v t l li bit BER ti u thu: + Nhiu lng t: + Nhiu phch tn hiu-t pht: + Nhiu phch t pht-t pht:

sh 2 = 2eBe ( I s + mt I sp )
2 s sp = 4
Be I s I sp Bo

(2) (3)

sp sp

=2

Be Bo
2

B 2 I sp Bo e 2

(4) (5)

+ Nhiu nhit:

2T =

4k B TBe RL

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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

T cc biu thc trn ta tm ra c t s tn hiu trn nhiu in cho b thu quang: eSNR = Ps
2

B B B 4k TB 2 4 e Ps PAse + 2mt e2 PAse ( Bo e ) + B 2e Bo 2 RL .R Bo

(6)

Vi Be , Bo ln lt l bng tn in v bng tn quang ca h thng, k B l hng s Boltzman, T l nhit tuyt i, R L l in tr ti ca b thu. Mt khc h thng thit k phi m bo v qu cng sut v qu thi gian ln theo biu thc: Qu cng sut :

Ppht Ploss + Psen + Pduphng

0,7 BW

(7)
(8)

2 2 2 Qu thi gian ln: 1,1Ttinhtoan = 1,1 Tnguon + T fiber + Ttachsong < Thethong =

3. Tnh ton thit k h thng FTTH cho 50.000 thu bao ti thnh ph Nng

Begin

Nhm nng cao khong cch truyn dn v s thu bao, p ng nhu cu s dng thu bao rt ln trong thnh ph, ng thi da vo kt qu kho st v tnh ton cho h thng phn phi c cc b EDFA mc chui trn, bi bo tin hnh mt s gii php di y: + Trn mi phn on ca tng nhnh t mt b EDFA c h s khuch i G ng bng cng sut trn phn on . Ngha l G = 1 (ln). Chn G = 15dB. Vic chn nh vy nhm hn ch cc thnh phn nhiu lin quan n pht x t pht ti cc my thu [1]. Ngoi ra, tn hao cng sut 15dB chnh l lch cng sut gia hai my thu t u u v u cui mi phn on bt k. Vic chn lch tng i nh ny nhm trnh yu cu kht khe v di ng cho cc my thu. ng thi khi chn G = 1 th cng sut tn hiu n cc my thu cc v tr tng ng nhau trn tng phn on l bng nhau, bt k phn on gn hay xa i pht. y l im mu cht cho php tng cao s lng thu bao trong thnh ph.
168

Nhp cc thng s ca h thng: S hao, CS pht, tn sc, bng thng

BER= 10
Tnh

12

. Tnh

Ps , gn s

k:=k+1
Tnh

PLoss , PT

S ng
Sai
Tgian ln Tr < ng

Tsys ?

ng
Xut t hp tha mn

End

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

+ Khc vi cc thnh ph ln cc nc pht trin, mt dn c cc thnh ph ln ca nc ta nh H Ni, TP H Ch Minh, Nng, Hi Phng u tp trung rt cao trung tm thnh ph nn trong thit k ny bi bo chn khong cch gia 2 trm trung gian l 200m. T mi trm trung gian s c b chia quang hnh sao 100 nhnh cung cp trc tip cho 100 thu bao ln cn. Chiu di tuyn l khong 20km. + T cc c s phn tch trn, bi bo chn s thu bao bc u l khong 50.000 vi tc bit trn ng truyn l 155Mb/s (chun STM-1). T l li bit BER cho php my thu cc thu bao l 10 12 . Sau , tnh ton tng t vi cc tc bt cao hn: 625Mb/s(STM-4) v 2,5Gb/s(STM-16).
+ Thut ton: 4. S khi thit k mng FTTH v cc kt qu thu c t vic m phng

Hnh 2. S khi thit k mng FTTH ti Thnh ph Nng

Sau khi tnh ton, thit k, tin hnh thc hin m phng bng phn mm chuyn dng kim tra tnh ng n ca cc thng s, ng thi xy dng c cc biu th hin mi lin quan gia cc thng s a ra cc xut cho vic tnh ton thit k tuyn. T hnh 4 v hnh 5 ta thy mun tng h s phm cht ca h thng (tc l
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

Hnh 3. S khi thit k ca mi phn on

Hnh 4. S thay i ca Q theo cng sut pht v cc biu mt ti my thu tng ng vi 3 tc bit khc nhau v cc cng sut pht khc nhau.

Hnh 5. S thay i ca Q theo khuch i ca cc EDFA trong h thng c tc bit 155Mb/s

gim t l li bit BER) ta c th tng cng sut pht hoc tng khuch i ca cc EDFA. Vic tng khuch i ln 1 gi tr rt nh cng c th lm cht lng h thng tng ln rt nhiu ln. ng thi, ng vi cng mt cng sut pht, h thng c
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TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

tc bt cng cao th c h s phm cht cng nh (tc l t l li bit BER tng). iu ny l do cc h thng tc cao chu nhiu nh hng ca tn sc v khi tc bt cng cao th bng thng yu cu phi cng rng lm cho cc loi nhiu u tng ln. Mt khc, h thng 155Mb/s ta c th thy nhng gi tr nh, Q tng chm, nhng ti nhng gi tr ln ca cng sut pht v khuch i th h s phm cht tng rt nhanh. Trong khi , cc h thng tc bit cao hn (c bit l tc bit 2.5Gb/s) th vic tng cng sut pht khng lm Q thay i nhiu v r rt nh h thng 155Mb/s. Tuy nhin, nu tng cng sut pht hoc khuch i ln qu cao s gy ra cc hiu ng phi tuyn v di ng ca my thu s khng p ng c. V vy, ty thuc vo gi tr BER cho php m ta s chn cc thng s thch hp Hnh 6 biu din quan h gia t l li bit BER v cng sut ti u vo my thu ca h thng tng ng vi cc tc bit l 155Mb/s(STM-1), 625Mb/s(STM-4) v

Hnh 6. Quan h gia BER v cng sut ti my thu ng vi 3 tc bit khc nhau v cc biu mt ti my thu trong 3 trng hp ti cc nhy my thu khc nhau.

2,5Gb/s(STM-16). Ta thy t c cng mt t l li bit BER th cng sut ti u vo my thu cui tuyn tng ng vi tc bit cao hn phi ln hn. Da vo th ta c th tm ra c nhy ca my thu quang ty vo BER cho php ca h thng. Trong h thng FTTH c thit k, t l li bt BER cho php l 10 12 , v vy ta c th d dng tm c nhy ca my thu thng qua th tng ng vi cc tc bt 155Mb/s, 625Mb/s v 2,5Gb/s ln lt l khong -29,6dBm, -26,5dBm v -22dBm (tng ng vi 3 biu mt trn hnh v).
5. Kt lun

Bi bo thit k v tnh ton mt h thng FTTH ph hp cho 50.000 thu bao ti thnh ph Nng. V cc iu kin phc v cho vic o c, kim tra trong thc t cn rt hn hp nn vic m phng bc u (c so snh vi cc kt qu tnh ton) cho ra cc kt qu kh quan cho thy bi bo mang tnh thc tin cao v c th p dng c vo thc t. Mt khc bi ton c th m rng nhiu nhnh tng ln hng trm ngn thu bao, p ng vi nhu cu thng tin lin lc ca nhn dn cc thnh ph ln.
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TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Nguyn Vn Tun, Nng cao nhy trong h thng thng tin si quang
Coherence tc cao, Lun n Tin s K thut, Trng i hc Bch khoa H Ni , 2002. [2] David Gutierrez, Kyeong Soo Kim, Salvatore Rotolo, Fu-Tai An, Leonid G.Kazovsky, FTTH Standards, Deployments and Research Issues, Photonics and Networking Research Laboratory, Standford University; Advanced System Technology, STMicroelectronics, 2005. [3] V Vn San, Nng cao nhy thu quang gii phng bng tn trong cc h thng thng tin quang. Hc vin cng ngh bu chnh vin thng, Lun n tin s k thut, m s 2.07.14, H Ni-2000. [4] Chinlon Lin, Broadband Optical Acess Networks and Fiber to the Home, Center for Advanced Research in Photonics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006.

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