Manthan Patel(731) Pranjal Shah(742) Puneet Kumar Singh(732)

What is USB?
USB stands for Universal Serial Bus
Provides an expandable, fast, bi-directional, low cost,

hot pluggable Plug and Play serial hardware interface Allows users to connect a wide variety of peripherals to a computer and have them automatically configured and ready to use Implemented to provide a replacement for legacy ports to make the addition of peripheral devices quick and easy for the end user

History of USB
Developed and standardized by a group of leading

companies from the computer and electronics industries in 1995 USB specifications were developed by Compaq, DEC, IBM, Intel , Microsoft, and NEC, joined later by HP, Lucent, and Phillips These companies formed the USB Implementers Forum as a non-profit to publish specifications and provide a support organization and forum for the advancement and adoption of USB technology

History of USB
There have been three versions released prior to 3.0 USB 1.0 in January 1996 data rates of 1.5 Mbps and 12 Mbps USB 1.1 in September 1998 first widely used version of USB USB 2.0 in April 2000

Major feature revision was the addition of a high speed transfer rate of 480 Mbps

Important note all versions are backwards compatible

with previous versions of USB

Key Features
Easy to use The single standard connector type simplifies the end users task of figuring out what plug goes into what socket Automatic driver loading does all the work for the end user Low cost The host handles most of the protocol complexity, making the design simple and having a low cost

USB Now
The next generation of USB hardware and

specifications is USB 3.0 Version was announced by Pat Gelsinger at the Intel Developer Forum in September 2007 USB 3.0 Promoter Group announced in November 2008 that version 1.0 has been completed Now transitioning to the USB Implementers Forum, which essentially means it opens the specifications for hardware developers for implementation in future products

USB 3.0
Upgrade from USB 2.0 Backwards compatible Nicknamed SuperSpeed USB because of the

significant speed improvements over existing USB specifications New communication protocols for devices New transfer modes New power management features Longer maximum cable lengths Similar to PCI Express 2.0 technology

Why the upgrade?

Mainly the need for faster transfer rates in devices such

as hard drives, flash card readers, and DVD, Blu-ray, and HD DVD optical drives User applications demanding a higher performance connection between the PC and peripherals Need for greater energy efficiency in todays greener world

USB 2.0 vs. USB 3.0 Hardware

USB 2.0
Cable is thinner Has 4 primary conductors Half duplex data transfer

USB 3.0
Cable resembles an Ethernet

cord by thickness Has 8 primary conductors

Three twisted signal pairs for

mode

data paths and one power pair Full duplex data transfer mode

USB 2.0 vs. USB 3.0

USB 2.0 vs. USB 3.0

USB 2.0 vs. USB 3.0

A side note on the USB 3.0 cable: Even though the USB 3.0 specifications are designed for backwards compatibility with USB 2.0, the USB 3.0 cables are not compatible with the regular USB 2.0 connector

USB 2.0 vs. USB 3.0

Proposed plug and receptacle compatibility
Receptacle USB 2.0 Standard-A USB 3.0 Standard-A USB 2.0 Standard-B USB 3.0 Standard-B USB 3.0 Powered-B USB 2.0 Micro-B USB 3.0 Micro-B Plugs accepted USB 2.0 Standard-A or USB 3.0 Standard-A USB 3.0 Standard-A or USB 2.0 Standard-A USB 2.0 Standard-B USB 3.0 Standard- B or USB 2.0 Standard-B USB 3.0 Powered-B, USB 3.0 Standard-B, or USB 2.0 Standard-B USB 2.0 Micro-B USB 3.0 Micro-B or USB 2.0 Micro-B

USB 2.0 Micro-AB

USB 3.0 Micro-AB

USB 2.0 Micro-B or USB 2.0 Micro-A

USB 3.0 Micro-B, USB 3.0 Micro-A, USB 2.0 Micro-B, or USB 2.0 Micro-A

USB 2.0 vs. USB 3.0

Characteristic USB 2.0 USB 3.0

Data Rate
Data Interface

Low-Speed (1.5 Mbps), Full-Speed (12 Mbps), and High Speed (480 Mbps)
Half-duplex two-wire differential signaling, unidirectional data flow with negotiated directional bus transitions Two for low-speed/full-speed/high-speed data path Host directed, polled traffic flow; packet traffic is broadcast to all devices Port-level suspend with two levels of entry/exit latency, devicelevel power management Support for low/high bus-powered devices with lower power limits for un-configured and suspended devices Port hardware detects connect events; system software uses port commands to transition the port into an enable state (i.e., can do USB data communications flows)

SuperSpeed - about 5.0 Gbps

Dual-simplex, four-wire differential signaling separate from USB 2.0 signaling; simultaneous bi-directional data flows (Full Duplex) Six four for SuperSpeed data path, two for non-SuperSpeed data path Host directed, asynchronous traffic flow; packet traffic is explicitly routed Multi-level link power management supporting idle, sleep, and suspend states Same as USB 2.0 with a 50% increase for un-configured power and 80% increase for configured power, about 900 milliamps Port hardware detects connect events and brings the port into operational state ready for SuperSpeed data communications

Cable Signal Count Bus Transaction Protocol

Power Management

Bus Power

Port State

USB 3.0 vs. Other Standards

FireWire 800 has a maximum data transfer rate of 800

Mbps eSATA bus a a maximum data transfer rate of 3.2 Gbps Example:
Intel demonstrated transfer of a 25 GB HD movie in 70

seconds using a USB 3.0 bus versus the USB 2.0 transfer time of about 4 hours

Let Us Understand The Basic Terms

Multimedia-combination of different content forms.

Interface-point of interaction between two systems or work groups.

High definition- refers to video having resolution substantially higher than traditional television systems.

Definition And Need Of HDMI

HDMI is a compact audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data. HDMI connects digital audio/video sources.

Its a single cable and user friendly that replaces the maze of cables.

Overview of HDMI

High quality sound or vision without compression of a video or audio signal. HDMI pictures are smoother and sharp. Sound is also crisp and taut, without any distortion.
HDMI works well with fixed-pixel displays such as LCD, plasma or DLP screens and projectors.

A HDMI cable allows to match pixel-by pixel the native resolution of the screen such as 16:9 or 4:3.
HDMI signals are digital in nature. TVs and radios operate on analog signals. HDMI has some built-in smarts.

Versions of HDMI
HDMI 1.0 - combines digital video signal with 2 channel audio signal. HDMI 1.1 - transfer Dolby Digital, DTS, and DVD-Audio surround signals,7.1 channels of PCM audio.

HDMI 1.2 - to transfer SACD signals in digital form from a player to a receiver.
HDMI 1.3 - increase the video bandwidth, transfer color depths up to 48-bits, the 1080p resolution in use today.

HDMI VS DVI
HDMI
Technology does not incorporates content security that is called High Definition Content Protection.

DVI
HDMI technology incorporates content security that is called High Definition Content Protection. HDMI can support audio and video on the same cable.

That DVI can only support digital

video on a single cable.

Pin Configurations

Pin Descriptions
TMDS Channel/TMDS Clock It was developed by Silicon Image. Transfer huge amounts of data through a shielded cable. each are capable of transfer rates up to 3.4Gbps a total 10.2Gbps. Up to 48-bit resolution. pixel clock for timing the data stream.

DDC channel & EDID chip

determine the audio / visual capabilities . achieved by reading from an EDID ROM chip. automatically adjust the video and audio output. HDCP utilizes the DDC channel to initiate a "handshake.

CEC-Consumer Electronics Control

One Touch Play.

System Standby.
One Touch Record. Deck Control. Tuner Control.

Content Protection - HDCP

by encrypting the digital content being sent from the source to the receivers.

the source and receivers initiate a "handshake" and validate that each device is an authorized one.
exchanges a special key called a Key Selection Vector or KSV. XOR operation is applied to encrypt each decoded pixel with a 24-bit number.

Hot Plug Detect Signal

high voltage level when the E-EDID is not available for reading.

asserted only when the +5V Power line from the Source is detected.
A Source may use a high voltage level to initiate the reading of E-EDID data. An HDMI Sink indicate any change of the E-EDID by driving a low voltage level for at least 100 msec.

HDMI Plugs/connectors
TYPE A -Nineteen pins, with bandwidth to support all SDTV, EDTV, and HDTV
modes.

TYPE B - This connector (21.2 mm 4.45 mm) has 29 pins and can carry double the
video bandwidth of Type A.

TYPE C - all positive signals of the differential pairs are swapped with their corresponding shield. TYPE D - shrinks the connector size to something resembling a micro-USB connector.

Advantages
Higher Quality. Intelligence. Authentication and Encryption. Deep Colors.

No Compression.
Dolby/DTS.

Disadvantages
Distance Limitations

Switching Delays
Field Termination Costly

Applications
Blu ray discs/HD DVD players

Personal computers
Wireless HDMI with low-latency, lossless H.264 video codec Relationship with Display Port

Sources
http://www.usblyzer.com/brief-usb-overview-and-history.htm http://arstechnica.com/old/content/2007/09/intel-announces-demonstratesusb-3-0.ars http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-262047.html http://arstechnica.com/hardware/news/2008/11/usb-3-0-specification-finalizeddevices-in-2010.ars http://www.usb.org http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/english/NEWS_EN/20090310/166949/ http://www.reghardware.co.uk/2008/01/09/ces_usb_3_revealed/ http://arstechnica.com/old/content/2007/09/intel-announces-demonstratesusb-3-0.ars http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usb http://news.cnet.com/8301-17938_105-9780794-1.html http://thefutureofthings.com/news/5739/25gb-in-70-seconds-with-usb-3-0.html http://www.intel.com/pressroom/archive/releases/20080813corp.htm