Bin Son: Im me

Cu 1: Cuc vn ng thnh lp ng (S kt hp gia 3 nhn t hnh thnh):

ng Cng sn VN ra i u nm 1930 l sn phm ca s kt hp ch ngha McLnin vi phong tro cng nhn v phong tro yu nc ca nhn dn ta.
Thng 6 nm 1925, Hi VN cch mng thanh nin (nng ct l Cng sn on) thnh
lp, hun luyn cn b, trc tip truyn b ch ngha Mc-Lnin vo phong tro cng
nhn, phong tro yu nc VN. y l t chc tin than ca ng.
Ngay t khi mi ra i, cng nhn tin hnh u tranh chng thc dn php p bc,
bc lt, nhng ch yu l u tranh kinh t. Sau chin tranh th gii ln th I, do Php y
mnh khai thc thuc a, gia cp cng nhn tng ln mnh m. Phong tro cng nhn c t
chc hn, nhng yu sch v kinh t gn kt vi khu hiu chnh tr. L lun cch mng
ngy cng c truyn b su rng vo phong tro cng nhn v phong tro yu nc, a
hai phong tro xch li gn nhau, phong tro cng nhn ngy cng pht trin n mc t gic.
Giai cp cng nhn l lc lng x hi, l sc mnh vt cht ca ng. Ch qua hot
ng ca giai cp cng nhn, l lun tin tin mi bin thnh hin thc sinh ng. c soi
sng bng l lun Mc-Lnin, phong tro cng nhn mi c kh nng u tranh chnh tr v
ginh c thng li.
Hot ng truyn b ch ngha Mc-Lnin vo trong nc, s pht trin bng bt ca
phong tro cng nhn vt qu kh nng lnh o ca Hi thanh nin mt hnh thc t
chc qu . T s phn ha ca Hi thanh nin, ra i hai t chc cng sn: ng
Dng cng sn ng (6-1929) v An Nam cng sn ng (7-1969).
T lc lng yu nc, cc thnh phn tin tin, xut sc tch cc tham gia vo t chc
ng Cng sn. Xt v pha cng nhn, s tham gia ca phong tro cng nhn cng chnh l
s tham gia ca phong tro yu nc vo vic thnh lp ng, v bn thn phong tro cng
nhn cng l phong tro yu nc. in hnh cho s chuyn ha t phong tro yu nc
thnh phong tro cng sn l t chc Tn Vit dn n s hnh thnh ng Dng cng sn
lin on (1-1930). Bn thn Hi thanh nin ban u cng l mt t chc yu nc.
S tc ng gia cc yu t thc y ln nhau, a phong tro cch mng VN khng
ngng pht trin, dn n iu kin ra i ca ng chn mi. NAQ ch ng triu tp
v ch tr Hi ngh hp nht cc t chc cng sn thnh lp CS VN (3-2-1930). Hi ngh
thong qua Chnh cng vn tt, Sch lc vn tt, iu l vn tt ca ng v li ku gi
ca NAQ nhn ngy thnh lp ng.

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

Cu 2: Qu trnh chun b v chnh tr, t tng v t chc ca NAQ cho vic thnh
lp CSVN.
Chun b v mt t tng chnh tr
Ngi vit sch bo tp trung ln n ch ngha thc dn v thc dn Php, vch trn
bn cht xm lc, phn ng, bc lt, n p tn bo ca chng, thc tnh lng yu nc,
ch phn khnh ca cc dn tc thuc a.
Trong nhng nm Php, Nga, TQ ngi va hot ng tch cc va nghin cu l
lun hc hi kinh nghim cch mng cc nc B l CM thng 10 Nga, v dn hnh thnh t
tng v con ng cu nc, gii phng dn tc. L lun Mc-Lnin v t tng HCM s
tr thnh nn tn t tng, kim ch nam cho hot ng ca ng v l c s cho hoch nh
ng li ca ng v sau.
Phc tho ng li cu nc tp trung trong tc phm ng cch mnh, nm 1927.
Ni dung c bn ca tc phm: i su vch r bn cht phn ng ca ch ngha thc dn.
Xc nh con ng i ln ca CM VN, lc lng CM (cng nng lm ch v bu bn l cc
giai cp yu nc khc), mc tiu CM (quyn lc thuc v nhn dn). Mi quan h gia CM
chnh quc v CM thuc a. on kt quc t, t CM VN l 1 b phn ca CM th gii.
Xc nh CM mun thng li trc ht phi c CS lnh o (phi vn dng ch ngha McLnin).
T tng ca NAQ c truyn b vo VN u th k XX, hng cc phong tro theo
CM v sn, dn n s ra i ca CS VN.
Chun b v mt t chc
NAQ cng mt s nh CM cc nc thuc a Php lp ra Hi lin hip cc dn tc
thuc a (1921), nhm tp hp lc lng chng tr thc dn.
NAQ cng nhng nh lnh o CM TQ, Triu Tin, n , Thi Lan thnh lp Hi
lin hip cc dn tc b p bc ng (1924)
Thng 6 nm 1925, Hi VN cch mng thanh nin (nng ct l Cng sn on) thnh
lp, hun luyn cn b, trc tip truyn b ch ngha Mc-Lnin vo phong tro cng
nhn, phong tro yu nc VN. y l t chc tin than ca ng.
Hi VN CM thanh nin v tc phm ng cch mnh trc tip chun b vee62
chnh tr, t tng v t chc cho vic thnh lp chnh ng v sn Vit Nam, dn
n s ra i cc t chc CS: ng Dng cng sn ng (6-1929), An Nam cng
sn ng (7-1969) v ng Dng cng sn lin on (1-1930). NAQ ch ng
triu tp v ch tr Hi ngh hp nht cc t chc cng sn thnh lp CS VN (3-21930). Hi ngh thng qua Chnh cng vn tt, Sch lc vn tt, iu l vn tt
ca ng v li ku gi ca NAQ nhn ngy thnh lp ng.
ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

ngha s ra i ca ng (use cu 1+2)

ng ra i nh du bc ngoc lch s v i ca nc ta, chm dt thi k khng
hong v ng li cu nc v giai cp lnh o CM u th k XX VN. N chng t
giai cp Cng nhn VN hon ton trng thnh v sc lnh o CM.
ng ra i l mt s kin c ngha quyt nh i vi ton b qu trnh pht trin
ca CM VM. y chnh l iu kin c bn quyt nh mi thng li ca CMVN.
ng ra i m ra mt thi k mi cho s pht trin ca dn tc, dn ch, gn lin vi
ch ngha x hi. ng ra i tr thnh ngn c on kt cc yu t giai cp, dn tc, quc t
to thnh sc mnh tng hp cho CM thng li.

HC PHN

S TC

LP HC PHN

NGY

GI

NHNG NLCB CA CN M-L (2-2)

ML007_2_25KT_2_T01

6/21/2010

13g00

A002, A003

TON CAO CP (2)

MA001_4_25KT_2_T01

6/23/2010

13g00

A002, A003

KINH T VI M

EC002_1_25KT_2_T01

6/25/2010

09g30

A103, A104

T TNG H CH MINH

ML005_1_25KT_2_T01

6/28/2010

13g00

A002, A003

LCH S HC THUYT KINH T

EC005_25KT_2_T03

6/30/2010

09g30

A101, A102

NG LI CM CA CS VN

ML006_25KT_2_T01

7/2/2010

13g00

A002, A003

LT XC SUT & TK TON

MA002_1_25KT_2_T01

7/7/2010

13g00

A002, A003, A004

K NNG GIAO TIP TRONG KD

MG001_1_25KT_2_T01

7/14/2010

13g00

A002, A003

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

PHNG THI

Bin Son: Im me

Cu 3: Cng lnh ca ng 1930

Hi ngh hp nht thnh lp CS VN thng qua Chnh cng vn tt, Sch lc vn
tt, iu l vn tt ca ng v li ku gi ca NAQ nhn ngy thnh lp ng. y l
cng lnh cch mng u tin ca ng ta. Cng lnh c nhng ni dung c bn sau:
V phng hng v mc tiu CMVN: ng ch trng lm t sn dn quyn CM v
th a CM i ti x hi cng sn.
Nhim v ca cch mng t sn dn quyn: nh ch ngha quc Php v bn
phong kin, lm cho nc VN c hon ton c lp. Dng ra chnh ph cng nng
binh , thu ht sn nghip ln (nh cng nghip, vn ti, ngn hng) ca t bn quc
ch ngha Php giao cho chnh ph qun l, tch thu rung t ca bn quc phong
kin lm ca cng v chia cho dn cy ngho.
V lc lng CM: ng ch trng on kt tt c cc giai cp, cc tng lp, cc lc
lng tin b, cc c nhn yu nc, trc ht l cng nng. ng phi thu phc cho c
cng nng v lm cho giai cp cng nhn sc lnh o CM, ng thi phi tranh th
lin lc vi cc tng lp: tiu t sn, tr thc, trung nng ko h v pha v sn. Li
dng b phn ph nng, trung, tiu a ch v t bn VN cha r mt phn ng. B phn
no r mt phn ng phi nh . Trong khi thc hin s lin lc tm thi vi cc giai cp,
tng lp khc khng c tha hip giai cp.
V on kt QT: Cng lnh khng nh: CMVN l mt b phn ca CM th gii; phi
lin kt vi nhng dn tc b p bc v qun chng v sn th gii.
V ng: Cng lnh khng nh s lnh o ca ng Cng sn l nhn t quyt nh
thng li ca CM.
Nhng ni dung trrong Cng lnh u tin ca ng t ra v gii quyt nhng vn
c bn, cp bch v nh hng chin lc ng n cho tin trnh pht trin CMVN.
Tinh thn c bn ca n l on kt ton dn, chng quc Php thng tr, ginh c lp,
hng ti x hi cng sn.
Tuy nhin s pht trin ngy cng cao ca CM i hi ng phi c mt Cng lnh
y , ton din hn.

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

Cu 4: S chuyn hng ch o chin lc ca ng Giai on 1939-1945

Hon cnh lch s
Chin tranh th gii th hai bng n, chnh ph Php tham chin. ng Dng,
thc dn Php thi hnh chnh sch thng tr thi chin.
Ma thu 1940, pht xt Nht trn vo ng Dng. Thc dn Php tng bc u hng,
dng ng Dng cho Nht. Php Nht cu kt nhau, bc lt nhn dn ng Dng nng n
=> mu thun su sc v cng thng.
Trc s bin ng ln ,ng kp thi iu chnh chin lc, nh ra ch trng ,
chnh sch mi ph hp tnh hnh mi.
Ni dung chuyn hng
ng rt vo hot ng b mt, chuyn trng tm cng tc v nng thn.
Hi ngh BCH TW ng ln VI (11-1939) v ln VIII (5-1941) ch trng iu
chnh chin lc CM TS dn quyn. Ni dung ch yu nh sau:
X/ tnh cht CM Dng lc ny l dn tc gii phng.
Tp trung gii quyt nhim v hng u ca CM l nh e quc v tay sai, ginh
c lp dn tc, v chin tranh thc y cc mu thun vn c ca x hi ln nh im,
i hi phi c gii quyt. K th c th, nguy him lc by gi l bn quc v tay sai
phn bi dn tc. => Nhim v gii phng dn tc, c lp cho t nc l nhim v trc
mt ca ng ta. Nhim v dn ch - rung t tm gc li, ch gi quyt c mc tp
trung vo nhim v gii phng dn tc.
Thng nht lc lng CM, ko phn bit giai cp, ai c lng yu nc thng ni u t
chc vo mt trn dn tc thng nht rng ri. ng quyt nh thay th Mt trn thng nht
dn tc phn ng Dng thnh Mt trn VN c lp ng minh gi tc l Vit Minh,
cc t chc qun chng c mt trn u ly tn l cu quc.
Ch trng gii quyt vn dn tc trong khun kh tng nc Dng. Mi dn tc
Dng s phi t ginh ly c lp, t do v trn c s c lp, t do m t quyt vn
li, hay tch ra khi lin ban Dng. Lo thnh lp Mt trn Ai Lao c lp ng
minh, Campuchiaa thnh lp Cao Min c lp ng minh tin hnh cuc gii phng
dn tc mi nc. Sau lp ra ng Dng c lp ng minh.
V th ch chnh tr, sau khi ginh c lp s thnh lp chnh ph nhn dn ca nc
VN dn ch cng ha, quy nh quc k, quc ca.
Chuyn hng hnh thc t chc, hnh thc u tranh: t u tranh chnh tr cng khai
sang u tranh b mt, bt hp php; ra sc chun b lc lng CM; chun b khi ngha v
ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

trang ginh chnh quyn l nhim v hng ngy ca ton ng, ton dn trong giai on hin
ti.
Hi ngh d bo thi c khi ngha. Phi i t khi ngha tng phn, ginh chnh quyn
tng a phng, tin ln tng khi ngha ginh chnh quyn trong c nc.
ngha ca s chuyn hng
Phn nh s lnh o, ch o sng sut, nhy bn ca ng, p ng nguyn vng ca
ton th nhn dn v cc dn tc Dng, c kh nng pht huy cao tim nng, sc mnh
tng hp ca ton dn tc trong s nghip nh Php, ui Nht ginh t do, c lp.
nh du s trng thnh vt bt ca ng v ngh thut hoch nh ng li chnh
tr, mi quan h gia 2 nhim v dn tc, dn ch c nhn thc v gii quyt hon ton
tha ng.
y l s khng nh, k tha, pht trin ln mt bc mi TTHCM v con ng gii
phng dn tc. TTHCM cng c xc lp v tr thnh ngn c t tng ca ng, ca
CMVN.
S iu chnh chin lc ng n ca ng c ngha quyt nh chiu hng vn
ng ca phong tro dn tc, trc tip quyt nh thng li ca CM thng 8 -1945.

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

Cu 5: Tnh cht, phng chm ca cuc khng chin chng Php

Thng 11-1946, Php n sung chim ng mt s a im nc ta, i kim sot an
ninh trt t th . Mnh lnh khnh chin c pht i, tt c cc chin trng trong c
nc ng lot n sung. Ch tch HCM ra Li ku gi ton quc khng chin(19-121946), TW ng ra ch th ton dn khng chin (22-12). Hai vn kin trn ch ra
nhng t tng c bn t nn mng cho ng li khng chin. Nhng t tng v ni
dung c bn c ng ch Trng Chinh pht trin y trong tc phm Khng chin
nht nh thng li (cui 1947).
ng li c i hi i biu ton quc ln th II ca ng (2-1951) khng nh
l hon ton ng n.
i tng, mc ch, tnh cht ca cuc chin tranh:
K th chnh l bn thc dn phn ng php ang dng v kh cp li nc ta.
Xc nh chnh xc i tng ch yu ca cuc khng l vn chin lc cc k
quan trng, nhm tp trung mi nhn tiu dit chng, on kt mi lc lng trong nc,
tranh th s gip ngoi ngc c lp k th.
Mc ch ca cuc khng chin l ginh c lp, t do, thng nht tht s, hon thnh
nhim v gii phng dn tc v pht trin ch dn ch nhn dn.
Tnh cht ca cuc khng chin l mt cuc chin tranh cch mng c tnh cht ton
dn, ton din v lu di. L cuc chin tranh tin b v t do, c lp dn ch v ha
bnh. l cuc khng chin c tnh cht dn tc gii phng v dn ch mi.
Qun trit mc ch, tnh cht ca cuc khng chin, ng ta ra ng li khng
chin, chin chng thc dn Php xm lc v can thit M l ng li khng chin ton
dn, ton din, lu di, da vo sc mnh l chnh; l ng li tin hnh chin tranh nhn
dn ph hp vi iu kin v hon cnh nc ta.
Phng chm tin hnh khng chin:
Tin hnh cuc chin tranh nhn dn, thc hin chin tranh ton dn, ton din, lu di,
da vo sc mnh l chnh.
Khng chin ton dn: Bt k n ng, n b, bt k ngi gi, ngi tr, khng chia
tn gio, ng phi dt. H l ngi VN th phi ng ln nh thc dn php cu t quc. Ai
c sng dng sng, ai c gm dng gm, khng c gm th dng cuc, thung, gy gc.
Ai cng phi ra sc chng thc dn php cu nc. Thc hin mi ngi dn l mt chin
s, mi lng xm l mt pho i, pht ng ton dn tham gia khng chin bng nhiu bin
php a dng, phong ph v ph hp, chm lo thc hnh nhng ci cch dn ch, gii quyt
tng bc vn rung t.
ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

Khng chin ton din: nh ch v mi mt: chnh tr, qs, kt, vn ha, ngoi giao.
+ V chnh tr: ng ta nhn mnh vn xy dng khi ton dn on kt. Trong
sut cuc khng chin, ng ta ra sc cng c khi lin minh cng, nng v tr thc,
khng ngng m rng mt trn on kt dn tc. ng c bit chm lo cng c v xy dng
nh nc dn ch cng ha, thng xuyn kin ton b my khng chin t trung ng n
a phng; kin quyt trn p bn phn cm v y mnh u trnah chnh tr c thnh th
v nng thn.
+ V qun s: ng chm lo v trang ton dn, xd llvt nhn dn, x nh lu di lm
phng chm chin lc, qun trit t tng tch cc tin cng, kt hp nh ch c bng
chin tranh du kch v chin tranh chnh quy, c bng qun s, chnh tr v binh vn. Phi xd
cho c ba th qun lm nng ct cho ton dn nh gic. Tin cng ch c ba vng
chin lc: nng thn, th v min ni.
+ V kinh t, ta va phi ph kinh t ch, va xd kinh t ca ta, gim tc, ci cch
rung t, xy dng nn kt ca ta trong thi chin. ng lnh o nhn dn ta vt ln
mi kh khn, xy dng nn kt t ch, bo m nhu cu ca khng chin. Kt hp cht ch
nhim v khng chin vi kin quc.
+ V vn ha: ta va chng li vn ha n dch ca ch, va xd nn vn ha mi ba
nguyn tc: dn tc, khoa hc v i chng.
+ V ngoi giao: u tranh trn mt trn ngoi giao, m rng quan h quc t nhm
tranh th thm nhiu bu bn, lm cho nhn dn th gii k c nhn dn php hiu v ng h
cuc khn chin ca nhn dn ta.
Vi ng li khng chin ton dn, ton din, ta to c sc mnh tng hp
nh thng thc dn php xm lc v cng chnh trong lng cuc khng chin, ch dn
ch nhn dn c xd v cng c.
Khng chin lu di v da vo sc mnh l chnh: Trong cc vn kin ni trn, ng ta
cng ch ra rng phng chm ca cuc khng chin l: khng chin lu di v da vo sc
mnh l chnh. y cng chnh l quy lut tt yu ca chin tranh nhn dn do iu kin so
snh lc lng gia ta v ch quy nh. ng ta ch r: ch mnh ca ch l qun s, ch
yu ca ch l chnh tr. "ch mnh v ngn, ta mnh v gc". Chin lc ca ch l nh
nhanh, thng nhanh. Ta dng chin lc nh lu di tiu dit ch.
Tm li, di s lnh o ca ng, nhn dn ta ginh c thng li trong cuc
khng chin chng thc dn php xm lc v can thip M. S lnh o ca ng th hin
ng li khng chin ng n: c lp, t ch v sng to. ng li l s kt tinh
nhng nguyn l ph bin sca ch ngha M-L v CM bo lc, v chin tranh nhn dn c
vn dng sng to vo iu kin c th ca nc ta. ng li khng chin tri qua thc tin
chin u c pht trin v hon chnh, l nguyn nhn a cuc khng chin n thng li.
ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

Cu 6: Ngh quyt TW 15 (1.1959) v Ngh quyt i hi III (9.1960) v vai tr

ca 2 ngh quyt ny i vi s pht trin ca phong tro CM min Nam.
v Ngh quyt TW 15 (1.1959)
Hon cnh: Sau hip nh Gi-ne-v t nc ta tm thi chia lm hai min, min
Nam quc M v chnh quyn tay sai Ng nh Dim ch trng ph hoi hip nh, chia
ct t nc lu di, thc hin n p khng b d man nhn dn. Trc tnh hnh T11959 BCH TW ng ln th 15 hp.
Ngh quyt ch r:
Nhim v c bn ca CM l gii phng min Nam khi ch thng tr ca quc v
phong kin hon thnh CM dn tc dn ch min Nam.
Xc nh r con ng pht trin c bn ca CMVN min Nam l khi ngha ginh
chnh quyn v tay nhn dn, l con ng ly sc mnh ca qun chng da vo lc
lng chnh tr qun chng l ch yu.
PP du tranh: kt hp u tranh chnh tr v v trang nh chnh quyn chnh tr
c ti Ng nh Dim, thnh lp chnh quyn lin hip dn tc, dn ch min Nam.
BCH TW cng nu r quc M l Q hiu chin cho nn cuc khi ngha ca nhn
dn min Nam cng c kh nng chuyn thnh cuc khi ngha v trang lu di v thng li
cui cng s thuc v ta.
BCH TW cng nu r cn tng cng cng tc mt trn m rng khi on kt dn
tc, cng c v xy dng ng b min Nam tht mnh v chnh tr, t tng v t chc
sc lnh o CM min Nam.
v Ngh quyt i hi III (9.1960)
i hi i biu ton quc ln th III ca ng hp ti th HN t ngy 5 n ngy
10 thng 9 nm 1960, c 525 i biu chnh thc v 51 i biu d khuyt thay mt cho hn
50 vn ng vin trong c nc. Gn 20 on i biu cc ng anh em trn TG ti d.
Trn c s phn tch nh gi tnh hnh TG v trong nc. i hi xc nh ng li
chin lc chung ca CMVN trong giai on mi l:
Tng cng on kt ton dn, kin quyt u tranh gi vng ha bnh, y mnh cch
mng XHCN min bc, ng thi y mnh cm dt dn ch nhn dn min nam, thc hin
thng nht nc nh trn c s c lp v dn ch; xy dng mt nc VN ha bnh, thng
nht, c lp, dn ch v giu mnh. Thit thc gp phn tng cng phe XHCN v bo v
ha bnh ng nam chu v tg.
Nh vy hai min c 2 chin lc cch mng khc nhau:
ng li CM ca ng SC VN

Bin Son: Im me

+ Min bc, tin hnh cch mng XHCN, xy dng min bc thnh cn c a cch
mng ca c nc.
+ Min nam, tip tc cch mng dt dn ch nhn dn nhm gii phng min nam khi
ch thng tr ca Q m v tay sai, thc hin thng nht nc nh, hon thnh c lp v
dn ch trong c nc.
i hi xc nh: hai chin lc c quan h mt thit vi nhau v thc y ln nhau,
nhm thc hin mc tiu chung trc mt ca CMVN l thc hin 1 nc VN ha bnh, c
lp,thng nht, dn ch v giu manh, u nhm gii quyt mu thun chung ca nc l
mu thun gia nhn dn ta vi Q m v bn tay sai ca chng.
i hi cng ch r v tr nhim v c th ca cch mng mi min:
+ Nhim v cch mng XHCN min bc c v tr quyt nh nht i vi s pht trin
ca ton b CMVN v i vi s nghip thng nht nc nh, v min Bc XHCN vng
mnh s l cn c a cch mng chung ca c nc.
+ Nhim v cch mng dt dn ch nhn dn min nam c v rt quan trng, n c tc
dng quyt nh trc tip i vi s nghip gii phng min nam khi ch thng tr ca Q
m v b l tay sai, thc hin ha bnh thng nht nc nh, hon thnh cch mng dt dn
ch nhn dn trong c nc.
i hi thng qua nhng nhim v v mc tiu ch yu ca k hoch 5 nm ln th
nht (50-65).
i hi bu ra Ban chp hnh TW mi gm 47 y vin chnh thc v 31 y vin d
khuyt. ng ch HCM c bu lm CH tch ng v ng ch L dun c bu lm b
th th nht ban chp hnh TW ng.
Hn ch ca i hi 3 l cha c d kin v chng ng u tin ca thi k qu
ln CNXH.
v Vai tr ca 2 ngh quyt ny i vi s pht trin ca phong tro CM min Nam.
Hi ngh TW 15 c ngha lch s to ln, lm dy ln cao tro ng khi Min
Nam, m ra bc pht trin mi, chuyn CM min Nam sang mt thi k pht trin nhy
vt.
C ngha lch s to ln chng nhng p ng nhu cu lch s, m ng cho CM
min Nam tin ln m cn th hin r bn lnh CM c lp t ch, s lnh o sng sut ca
ng trong nhng nm thng kh khn ca CM.
i hi ng ton quc ln th III c ngha ls rt to ln, l i hi xc nh CMVN
tin hnh ng thi 2 chin lc cch mng, i hi xy dng CNXH min bc v u
tranh thc hin ha bnh thng nht nc nh.
ng li CM ca ng SC VN

10

Bin Son: Im me

Nu ln c nhng vn c bn v ng li khng M cu nc.N c ngha lch

s to ln, n lm tin cho cc cuc hi ngh sau ny pht trin v c th ho ng
li,ch trng v phng php, a cuc khng chin chng M cu nc ca nhn dn ta
ginh thng li tng bc vng chc.
Nhn chung, sau 20 nm xy dng CNXH min bc bc u kin lp c 1 ch
chnh tr-xh mi, mt nn kt mi, mt nn vn ha mi vi nhng con ngi mi theo nh
hng XHCN.
Min bc tin nhng bc di cha tng c trong lch s dt. Thnh t c ngha
rt ln, lm thay i b mt ca min bc v mi mt. Vi thnh tu c bn , min bc
to c sc mnh vt cht v tinh thn ngi, sc mnh ca chin tranh nhn dn, nh
thng 2 ln chin tranh ph hoi ca Q m v chi vin c lc cho cch mng min nam,
lm trn nhim v ca hu phng ln vi tin tuyn ln, cng ng bo, chin s min nam
nh thng Q m v b l tay sai, gii phng hon ton min nam, hon thnh c lp,
thng nht TQ.
Ngi i chin trng yn tm vi hu phng vng chc. Nhn dn min Nam thy
c s chi vin ngy cng to ln, thy ngi cn b, chin s t min bc vo min Nam
chin u c nhiu phm cht cao p v ti tr vng vng, cng cng c c lng tin vo
thng li tng lai.
Nhn dn c 2 min cng ng tm nht tr, phn u kin cng thc hin li ku gi
ca ng v H ch tich.

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

11

Bin Son: Im me

Cu 7: Tng kt cuc khng chin chng M cu nc, ngha, bi hc kinh

nghim.
v c im:
t nc tm chia lm hai min, ng thi lm hai chin lc CM khc nhau, song y
l cuc khng chin ca c nc do mt ng lnh o, mt dn tc, mt qun i tin hnh.
Nc ta l mt nc nh, kinh t chm pht trin, phi ng u v nh thng cuc
chin tranh xm lc ca mt nc quc to ln, c tim lc kinh t, qun s hng mnh.
C hai bn ta v ch u phi va nh, va tm hiu i phng.
Do cng l cuc chin tranh CM, cng trong tin trnh CM dn tc, dn ch, nhn dn,
nn cuc chng M, cu nc s c nhng im chung, k tha cuc khng chin chng
thc dn Php. Nhng do nhng c im ring, cuc chng M cu nc s rt di lu,
quyt lit, phc tp. Tc ng ca n s rt su rng i vi c dn tc v i vi quc t,
khu vc.
v Nguyn nhn thng li:
C s lnh o ng n, sng to, c lp, t ch ca ng (th hin trong ng li,
phng php cch mng v s t chc ch o ca ng).
C nhn dn v cc lc lng v trang cch mng (gm 3 th qun) yu nc, anh
hng, kin cng, dng cm, bt khut, hi sinh v c lp dn tc.
C min bc XHCN khng ngng ln mnh v ht lng ht sc chi vin mi mt cho
min Nam rut tht.
C s on kt chin u ca nhn dn ba nc Vit-Lao-Campuchia v s ng tnh,
ng h gip ca cc nc XHCN anh em v nhn dn tin b trn TG.
Cuc khng chin ca ta l v chnh ngha, cn cuc chin xm lc ca quc M l
phi ngha.
v ngha thng li:
i hi ng ton quc ln th IV tng kt: "Thng li ca nhn dn ta trong cuc
khng chin chng M, cu nc l 1 trong nhng trang chi li nht trong ls dt v l 1 s
kin c tm quan trng quc t to ln, c tnh thi i su sc."
i vi dt VN: Thng li oanh lit ca cuc khng chin chng m, cu nc m ra
1 bc ngot v i trong ls dt VN. N kt thc v vang qu trnh 30 nm chin tranh gpdt v
bo v T quc bt u t CMT8 1945, chm dt ch thng tr hn 1 th k ca CNQ trn

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

12

Bin Son: Im me

t nc ta, lm cho T quc VN c lp, thng nht v to iu kin a c nc tin ln

CNXH.
i vi quc t: thng li y lm tht bi cuc chin tranh xm lc thc dn vi
quy m ln nht v di ngy nht t sau chin tranh th gii ln th 2, lm ph sn ch ngha
thc dn kiu mi ca quc M trn t min Nam; lm o ln chin lc ton cu phn
cch mng ca tn Q u s; nng cao uy tn ca h thng XHCN v c v phong tro cch
mng th gii.
v Kinh nghim lch s:
Thng li ca cng cuc chng m, cu nc cho ng v nhn dn ta nhng kinh
nghim lch s sau y:
+ Ging cao ngn c c lp dt v CNXH kt hp kho lo hai chin lc cch mng
dt dn ch v cch mng XHCN, kt hp sc mnh ca min bc vi sc mnh ca min
nam, sc mnh ca hin i vi sc mnh ca qu kh, sc mnh ca trong nc v sc
mnh ca TG.
+ Lin tc gi vng chin lc tin cng v th tin cng, song trong iu kin ly nh
nh ln, phi bit ginh thng li tng bc, ng thi to th v lc hn hn ch tin
ln ginh thng li hon ton.
+ Coi trng xy dng v ng vin cc lc lng cch mng min nam v lc lng
cch mng trn c nc (xy dng mt trn on kt ton dn, xy dng th trn chin tranh
nhn dn, pht ng cao tro hot ng cch mng ...)
+ La chn phng php cch mng thch hp v s dng bo lc cch mng mt cch
sng to, nhm to sc mnh tng hp chin thng.
+ Ch o chin lc v t chc chin u ca cc cp lnh o t TW n cc a
phng phi linh hot, sc bn.

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

13

Bin Son: Im me

Cu 8: Tng kt 20 nm i mi, thnh tu v bi hc. Lin h thc tin a

phng v bn thn.
v Nhng thnh tu
Kinh t tng trng kh, tng sn phm quc ni (GDP) thi k 1992-1997 tng bnh
qun 8,75%/nm. Thi k 2000-2007: 7,55%/nm. Nm 2008 do chu nh hng ca cuc
khng hong kinh t ton cu, tc tng GDP vn t 6,23%. Nng nghip pht trin lin
tc, sn lng ngy cng tng, t nm 1986 - 2005, gi tr sn xut nng nghip tng bnh
qun 5,5%/nm. Trong giai on khng hong kinh t, s tng trng ca NN nh tm
m do dai che mi bin ng, to thng bng cho nn kinh t. Cng nghip ngy mt
pht trin. Vic nui trng v khai thc thy sn, hi sn c m rng; h thng kt cu h
tng c tng cng, cc ngnh dch v, xut khu u pht trin. L nc t chu nh
hng ca cuc khng hong kinh t ton cu gn y.
Vn ha xh c nhiu tin b, trnh dn tr ngy cng nng ln, cht lng ngun
nhn lc ngy cng p ng i hi ca thc tin. Gio dc, o to pht trin c v quy m
v c s vt cht. Cc nhu cu thit yu ca nhn dn nh n, mc, , chm sc sc khe, i
li, hc tp gii tr ngy cng p ng tt hn. Nhiu vic lm mi cho ngi lao ng. Cng
tc xa i, gim ngho t kt qu ni bt, VN tr thnh nc c thu nhp trung bnh.
Tnh hnh chnh tr, xh c bn n nh, quc phng, an ninh c tng cng.
Cng tc xy dng, chnh n ng c ch trng, bc u to c s chuyn bin
tch cc trong c ba mt chnh tr, t tng v t chc, h thng c/tr c cng c.
Quan h i ngoi khng ngng c m rng, hi nhp kt quc t c tin hnh ch
ng v t kt qu tt. n nay Vit Nam c quan h ngoi giao vi gn 170 nc v
vng lnh th; m rng quan h kinh t thng mi vi 221 quc gia v vng lnh th.
Ngoi ra, Vit Nam cn l thnh vin chnh thc ca nhiu t chc kinh t quc t v khu
vc, v iu ng ni nht l nm 2007 Vit Nam tr thnh thnh vin chnh thc th 150
ca T chc Thng mi th gii (WTO).
ng ta tip tc cng c tnh hu ngh on kt vi b bn trn TG.
Nhng thnh t lm thay i b mt t nc v nng cao i sng ca nhn dn,
cng c vng chc nn c lp dt v nh hng XHCN, nng cao v th ca nc ta trn
trng quc t.
v Hn ch:
Tnh trng tiu xi lng ph ph bin v nghim trng. Vic huy ng cc ngun vn v
s dng cc ngun lc cn phn tn, km pht trin.

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

14

Bin Son: Im me

Tnh hnh xh cn nhiu tiu cc v nhiu vn phi gii quyt. Nn tham nhng, bun
lu, lng ph ca cng cha c ngn chn. Vic lm ang l vn gay gt. S phn ha
giu-ngho gia cc vng, gia thnh th v nng thn v gia cc tng lp dn c tng
nhanh. i sng ca 1 b phn nhn dn cn nhiu ni rt thp. T nn xh pht trin. Trt t
an ton xh cn nhiu phc tp, lm cho qun chng nhn dn lo lng.
Vic lnh o x/dng q/h sx mi c phn va lng tng va bung lng. Chm tho g
cc vng mc v c ch, chnh sch to ng lc v /kin thun li cho cc thnh phn
kt hot ng. Vic qun l kt hp tc, lin doanh vi nc ngoi cn nhiu s h.
Qun l nh nc v kt, xh cn yu. H thng php lut, c ch, chnh sch cha ng
b v nht qun, thc hin cha nghim.
H thng chnh tr cn nhiu nhc im. Nng lc v hiu qu lnh o ca ng, hiu
lc qun l v iu hnh ca nh nc, hiu qu hot ng ca cc on th cha nng ln
kp vi i hi ca tnh hnh. Cn nhiu biu hin quan liu, cha tn trng, thm ch cn vi
phm nghim trng quyn dn ch ca nhn dn. Nng lc v phm cht ca i ng cn b
cha tng xng vi yu cu ca nhim v. iu ng lo ngi l khng t cn b ng vin
phai nht l tng CM, tha ha v phm cht, o c; sc chin u ca 1 b phn t chc
c s ng suy yu.
v Bi hc kinh nghim:
Mt l, trong qu trnh i mi phi kin tr mc tiu c lp dt v CNXH trn nn tng
ch ngha M-L v tthcm.
Hai l, i mi ton din, ng b, c k tha, c bc i, hnh thc v cch lm ph
hp.
Ba l, i mi phi v li ch ca nhn dn, da vo nhn dn, pht huy vai tr ch
ng sng to ca nhn dn, ph hp thc tin, lun lun nhy bn vi ci mi.
Bn l, Pht huy cao ni lc, ng thi khai thc ngoi lc, kt hp sc mnh dn
tc vi sc mnh thi i trong iu kin mi.
Nm l, Phi nng cao nng lc lnh o v sc chin u ca ng, khng ngng i
mi h thng chnh tr, xy dng v tng bc hon thin nn dn ch x hi ch ngha, bo
m quyn lc thuc v nhn dn.
v Lin h thc tin a phng v bn thn:
..............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
ng li CM ca ng SC VN

15

Bin Son: Im me

...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................
Tuy nhin, khi ni v con ng tng lai ca Vit Nam v lm th no duy tr thnh
cng ca mnh, cc kin u cho rng thch thc i vi Vit Nam l ht sc gay gt. Bi v im
xut pht ca Vit Nam thp; cc nn kinh t trong khu vc ci cch nhanh hn nh Singapore,
Malaysia, Hng Kng; mt s yu t nh hng n kh nng cnh tranh... Nh nc vn trc tip
tham gia nhiu vo hot ng u t, kinh doanh v can thip cha hp l vo nhiu hot ng
kinh t khc. Mc khc, Vit Nam li bung lng qun l nh nc mt s linh vc cn thit.
Trong kinh t, vai tr ca nh nc u t pht trin hay can thip hnh chnh vn cha c kt
lun xc ng. Vi nhng hn ch nu trn, trong thi gian ti Vit Nam s phi xc nh li vai tr
ca nh nc trong nn kinh t th trng v tip tc y mnh hi nhp kinh t quc t.Mun cnh
tranh thnh cng trong tng lai, Vit Nam khng ch chy m phi chy nhanh hn cc i th,
tc l phi m ca, ci thin mi trng u t v kinh doanh hn na...

Bin Son: L Trn Hi Dng H25KT03

ng li CM ca ng SC VN

16