12~.

a . For 0.
_0. ~

UYli

fo r-m
0

plc.!.VI e WQlJ e

", a.:t ~ H e-j~ti! E=o =: o.xq

1"\. ""'.

"

HI)
'"

Equivalent

tts =-

{-.2. n X 50. :::.-za.) '7 Ho = -0) 2J?

o

Ho

OVer aperture
elsewhere

12-2

CA. OVEr o..per~(e

b.
Le -= -2'[ Ho o..b· cos~ . (oS? .6~X
\

~l~where
.

S'y'f

"7"

I'1l

-;::;

.2)?

1-10

'0.·6 siv\lx' r

S·lYfX. SI'lI '( X -.-

_. 'fl Ho·Q·b kej'kr siVIrt. SrnX. sil1 'f J 2rrr" r X y

_',

1f Ho '0; b.fa
.21'p"

ei-krco~'" (oS'r
.
,1;1

6f s\YI.

X --x-' $'1'(11 y

2.27

, OVer

QPe-rture

elsewl,ere

12-4.

This Ms

is the sa.me prob(e~

o.s

" pro·O 2. -I) except .Eo.: Q:t Eo e-i*z r

o.pel"ture

E.~uiuo.lent
0.. .

M,netic (u.rr~Y1t
~o..

{-.lYl)(

= - o.~Z Eo

love
I

elsewhere

b.

Far field

EG ~ +j an r E}l! ~ - j

Eo·a.·b It -j4n..

. cosS!

S'IVlX

SIYl '(

Eo a. b
2~r

k e~j1tr (oS& SIYI.0"

StY! X ~.~

S I VI Y

X::: ~a. S1YlG Y= 12-5.

~

COS¢

sin£) SI'I'l,0'

Write o.n expressien

~ :;;: ~ Eo e)k.(~
S'Il')¢o -

for tne. 'incident field.

X (0$150)

At x

=0

E=

Eo eHt~'.si'l')pJo

Usin~ e<JuilIo.lent Thus

=:;

La. =

Sf My oss 6inps e J 4(ly'shlS siVl)1 + i'(Ose)

+2 Eo Cose &lhlt fb/.t. ei-it.<'CcSQ ell'
-bJ,..

t1 = -.2V\~ ~ = Ne:::' Nf4 -= 0

a~2EoeSk~'Si~

S o.;~jkJ'(Sjn%
_o./'l.

d~'~cl
e

+SineSin%~~1

(Continued)

228

Lp=o

2.23

b.

Fer).::
-

4lr

€b

f( J

tis

(r')

eR

-jk.,R:

ds'"

A pertu. re

Inihe fny- ion~

-:::'_a ejIr..TiW/2. 4n r

-w/2.. ... L/::....

-'fJ/.1

rY~r" ) e
l~

lEo

-jko~"'!!B dll I
C1

).,,(~/cosJi1oylsI9)SirtSd

d x/ry'

Q;r ~

211"

eJkorL WI2. eJ Ito IIIsiV1.0'sin ( yo

(I

rYiI..e3~/(CbSp!f
-

sin!} -

"i: )
'2,..

::: ce.
h Were
F9
=.

Y.

d;("

€o E;, L IN

ei~r S~(AJ sin (9)

2.1T'

:
-

=.

*1> L ( COSfJ Slntl '11

r ..'

o: -~)

8 -r-SLYl,.. Inc ~w ' I1ts' ,.,

:.

&. F =

Eo Eo uv
2rr

ejfto,,{ Cbse CbS,oJ SlVlCA).

'P ~

sincs) 1B
j 8)

rj21::; cltd::

-€",EpLW
.lIr

ej~.,..{
Y'

sinj21 SrMA) .sineS)}

A

E& ~ -jw?oF, =JEo-~

~4ror{Sin¢ .51~).Si~CB)

E% ~
C.

jw,o

Fe :: j Eo '-i:.

~-Lr

t esse

CbSj1

si~") .Sl~B)

l?a.d.icdioYl IYlfeYlS'rry is rnOJ(imurn when

B =0 ~ ¢ :::.0

A==B:.o.

A=o ~

sin!;)::=

if

---'> 8 = ~
~'Q

= 45°
2E" Thus

12-8.

" So.':::: Q!Eo,

" tls:: -2n)(

::-2.{h

...."XCl2 Eo = ~ "

My = 2 Eo N& ::: N, :: 0
I

Mx-= MJ! == J" ~ J)

= J~:.0
0

Le :;:

Sf r ~~ose
so.. .

CoS1 T My Co!;9sinp -~SU1e

= 2ED cose,sITl.¢)

t": lORY 'sin&sln,¢ d~' fbh e ·kl/CoSS d c/ e

J

J ei krrsiWl6S())0'"+

/ 1! OlSB

~fd~/

-O·IL

-bh

Lo

:::2~b

rCoS6Sln~ S~'f

61~~] , '(= ~.9ne·.siYl% I z:;

Cbs6

( Conti rlue4 )
230

12-8 (Coned)

L¢::)~ r-rfx°si"9S+MyCoS~]

e}k(fslne·si~ps

-+~Jcose)~/dcl

So. ::: z Eo' Q..b Ch!i:¢. S'lil 'f . SiYl:l ] y Z! Usl't13 ([2.-100..) - (12.- [of)

'Er -s-o
Epj::

EG ::: - )lC!:r [LpI-t~;fe'] = -j a.b~eJ

t,

-'fir

-'kr·'

[(pS'~. SI~Y
[-Cbse,si~

St~

2-

Iir ~ 0, He ~ -

3~eJ~t'[L& - ~ tl¢0] :::J' o.h-k. E"oejkr «~ ~r

¥-

SlY) Y • stYll y ~

H,¢:::' + ~
1\

12 - 9 ,

Eo. -= ax: Eo~ Ms -=

1\

-2 YIX

Eo.::::'

-2().~ xa" Eo == ai2E..

"" A

Thus

M~ :: 2Eo • Mx :: My

=- Jx: ::::: y = J-l == 0 J

~' ,

LQ :::::

Ne =N~ ==°0
S. .

~r

1\'

J~(;('s'tylecoS,¢+2ICOS6)

[~COS6'COS'~

+ ~ cose,gi~¢- Mz.,sIVleJ e

dx.~~1
_I /

::::: -2EoSlne

)0.12.
-0./2..

e)

'~cosed

La :: -2Eo o b [StYle· S;~X

j e - b/.2. . S~2 ] , x =- ~&necos(l)

Zl

rbla.

jltx/s'l'necospt

QlX

r.:

"i'" cosS
0

L,0 = ))
SQ, UsiV't'l 'El" ~ 0
J

E ~oSirl¢
EQ

-t ~;OS}Z!
([2-IOf)

J ej~c.x.'S;rt9COS~ +~/cose) dx/de/::=..

(12-l0a..)I

~"o "!:-4:~ [r.¢ t ~~e ] =

'R _'-kr
'11'0

Eps~ 3k€}~r( L -n~~] = ~i abkEoejkr 4lT r G -d"~ J 2 tn'"

Lsine,slnx_shll']
"
"e;

Hy ::0, H~~ - E,It I Hil ~ ~9 :::'0 12--10. T he on, diHe~., ce beiwee'rl this pl"O~e all tJ. I 2. ~8 l s "i:ho.t for -th~ ~ rn
'\Jo.rio..tions the LYlteqyol red.u.ces to J
( "'fl.

)-o.{l. Cos((t'~')e

1'[

i~/sln6S'll9f

d~/

=-

(lTo.,
"2.)

CoS

(k4

ySln

..

e SIl1~ ' n!)

,

C¥-.s\n6s.1'I~)~-(~.)1.
SlVl

Thus EI"'~o'_ff L-jkr a.s"( "" _),'_€J L ::::: ab'~Eoe [(OSJlS' j ~ 4' Ee 41ft % 41'" ('() - (,IT/.:z.)

lJ

' y= « ~s:meSlYl.¢
, -.::: 3:'

Ep5:!: S-kej'lttle=+jab-kEo·el~r[-Cosesin.¢ 41Tr4r

Nr
~O )

CO~(irM"_

CDS'!'

,.sl~lJ l:
b-

kb

(psG

He ~ - E,ESI'!

H, ~ Ee/1..

231

12-11.

The on~ difference

between
'h./=. -"i:"
('rra..)

this prol:ie~aY1dl.2
.Cbs(~cbSe)
(100...

1s thCi.t

for the

~ Ibria.tions
l!..'

the (nt~'rb.1 n?d.ucesto

~ cose) a

D.f~

a..t~

Ces( a. if)

jilfCoS(1

(1T)l...
y

Thus Er ~o

ej4cr ~ ~jn K c.~s ~ E ~ ,..._-k_41fr L, e -_ J o.b -h Eo eJ/tl"['C'lnll --x- (z) ~(!)l. l' -J 4r ... ~L"g .j(b ' ~ X = y sm8 CQs¢ > ~ =;L ~
Hr ':':0
I

EG~o

He ~ - E%/7

Hii' ~ Eel",! ~ 0
E-o

12-12.

a, §o.=a!Eo} tts::-~xg:a.=~Eo =>Mx;::::M~~o} Mr::' - J Eo . . r.. H " "E '" H - -A':. if .Is ==. nx _" = a... x (-a, "7.°)::: -(J.z IS _6. 77.0
j

"* J.:( == ~

~ 0)

J;J

= - Eo/"{

FromProb.

12..8·

. ~~i

La ~ Eo·n·b [COs6@n¢.-Si~ '(. N e :::: fr..._;AO ' ) [Ax

~
~,

y~ ~ ~rreSiI1% )

t::

~()se
~ t/ 'q
'J

L,.0' .:: E:o·a.b [cosps .s~'(. si.:.~]

('c)se

(1s,.0' + ~CoSe

oS(

n,0' - T~sme J e

jkc{sines;-iVl.tJ +..?"cost)d.

Eo;1 rsine .SiY'f . si~i- ] Nf! == r~ r-;:;~Yt~+ J{ cos;!> ]e-jk(~"sinasin~+~"coSfl)

::: +
S6.

d((d'2J.:::. 0
S'I 11~
•

E Q -"'-' - J ke) 4rrr

E~ "

s, :!!!::: 0

.-'oAr.

[lM + 'n N.aJ'

IV

:::;; )-k 4TTr Eoe

a..b.

-jRr ,[, ,SiVl 'f . G:.os¢+sme) _ y.,

(

J'

j~1:r [La -~j(p,'l: -1 ~Q~~;i.r[_Cosesln¢ , .. \~_e.S\~'I'

Hr ....... o

H€t ~ - Eg/'l
H}Y -b.
E,,:::

a~Eo,

E&/~ t1s:::

-n x fa. =8..zEo
-

~tv1x=::MJ-=o "l.

,Mol;::;

s,
_Eo

tlo.::. -t4
rrOrh

E ..

Problem J<..9

'r )

.;...S

J =Y1xHo.::A':·,:«-ia ..
J

E,'O)::_aiEo,. 9~J::;:.M::::'O}L.::;:

7f..

'Z..

2.32

12-12 C(QYlrd)

x = ~si'r1e

LJ1

== 0

Ne ::::

~a.

r~
~o

Cos:Jt. i

=:

~a. (Dse
o

[J.1{COS8C~

*s~Sir1.¢Y~l'1eJ -

»""

eilq(x(siYlecoS~ +r/COse)

dx'de

'

=: -

N~ =:=:

rr r- J.xS'n~T ~
So.
'.(

a. b [Cose cos,¢ , 8~;( ,Sl~f ]

CbS~)

eJl<c"x/sirl6CbSf!}+l'CbS"6)d;e'de'

;D a..b [sin,0 ,Si; )(,sen l- J

~

Er~O

Ee ~ -j
E~ ~ j

~;r[i";

+~NQJ ~ ;fla.~;~ej~r[ COS6CO~Ol~X - 'lN~)::;

l

S'l;! J
~ ~

*~~ [La

j *a.bEo ej-k.r[_~r'le+ .s'I'YI,0},s'iYlX'. sl"'~

Hr~o}
C. UsiYlj
q,

HQ -:::::.-Eft/~

H_I2)~Ee/t

Arrr

"

f>rd, /2.8 aY\ c( 12., I z (a.), We CaY! whte by Y'E>ferriYl~ i"o ~e fields: of Proble1'l1 /2.{o-thor
E,. ~o

Cb""po.rison between til e f le\J s

of

E'e =::: j o.b-kEo

-·k.r ~ ~j ab-kEoeJ [_ Cose.SlYl%'

ar

eJ r[CcoSJif-ts'ine)
j

'-4e

('()~(lT/2):L

cos '(

. siYl-C

e-

'f :: ~o."Sln8sm, 2'

01..
USIVlj
0.

Sit'

f. ~ a. Coss , H r

hl

("0 1_,,(_ -I) ~

Cos '(

:0)

lie ~ - EJ6/~ } H)!I ~ ~/'{

Corn/ldriso n betwee't'! -the

fields of Prolol Q·9 and

WE?

C'a.\1

l.O'rite ~ refE>1"riYlj To t"~e fields

of

12 ·1.2. (h)·

linble'01 1.2 .11

tta..t-

Er-':::::o E& c;

It ab Eo e-jlerr

ar

CoStHbS(t

'----X

Sin X.

COS 1(i-)~-

(rr/:J..YL

Eps := jkQ.bE.oe""itr [-(SIne +SiYl0).SiViX.

8r )(
X kb . = :T sma COSfI,
~

coS~
(c)~-(o/.2.):l

=-

~a

2'"

Cos9

HI"-::-o) He ~ - 'Erd'l. HI' -::=. Ee/7'{

233

12-13. sa.:;: a~ Eo CoscE:.tI) ~ t:ls:: -ri'x

Thus
I '

§~ :::. Eo C'os(~;e) Ox

~1;;'(.:. Eo eos(~ x/), My:; M~.::o (bI.2. rOJ.2. M:lC rose CbS% e ''' ~ Sme eos~ +~ sma &'m~) dx'd*/ "'C Ls ::. )
I"

Eo rose Cos% r~/~OS(~X')e3k;c'8;~a~

-OV1..

-bh -oy,_

'

J;(_I,.w2.e.j~tsI.YleSit1~J~/

lbh_

(ContillueJ)

231.{.

12-13 ((oyred)
l,;r -== {)

Us1n8 ((2-IOo.)-(I.2-IOf).

we oan write tV1a.r

. kr

E ~ - j~
G

41lT

fL + n Na]::: -J
!Z '(.
•

o.bkEo@

sr
_'

[&YlIi"CltCOSe)

0<,) ~(~)~
Cosx

cosx . SlY! YJ
'f
.-St'YlIJ
'(

E .:: ~~e}.jQr $if J4 [L9-~N0"]~-)

ll"f:

a.~E~(9)

LI

kr
f

8r

[CoSjtClt-ChS'!1'

'

')

(X)!.( ~)~

Hr ~o) He-.;;;: 12 - / 4.
Q.
2

E/5If.

H,r ~ Ee/"/_

0.:::

4 r.., b:::. 3.\

~b
sIn-I [2(7.7)
211(3)

From Appendi:( I. ~ S.'tlSs ~ '77 =* Ss;::: Si~-I 2(7.7)]::: [

J ::::.54.?85°

b.
C.

85 ~ .2~s
or ~
=; -

:; 2.

C,,4R85) = 109.57°
o.f:" ~ sinGs;;;:; 7.'7 ~ ,

From Appendix I) tr1.83 dB

ifb.(£ -pla.ne) ~ 114.6

Ee ::.0.1.2.833

Stri I,( O. ~?, ) = 16.18' ). D.'" 41,.53 = 191«zu 81dB

®h (H-pla;\'Ie)~ 114.6 SLYI- (O.4;,t3)

= [2.'T2

tl

16·r8([~.'T2.)

From Ta.ble 12.1., Do

=- 10.2

(~~)

=IO.2 (3)(4)

= l2..<.4

:: 2o.88dB

12-15

Usi~

0.

= b::

(12-3'7), O.

3A

=~

ab = 41TC~)~=

113.1 20.53<1B

UsiYlj the Covnputer pro~tam at the end of chapter 2

Do=-H9.4G
:::;~o.'77dB

12-16.

a::: b = 3 A
UsiYlj

C12-37) , D6 ~ t¥-ab;;: 4l[(3)~:::

OlYrlpLtter

113.1 = .'20. 53dl3

Us;', the

pro~I'hm a.t :the end of Chapter 2 .

Do:=
12-17.
0..
b.
0..
0.-::: b::

11~.aB :;: ~o.77dB

US1~ the

Compu:te.,.. pro3ra.VVI at ihe- end

~

of

chapter 2.

0:::3'1\.)b=.<.)-..

Do::S.2.43'l=I'T·95dB
00 =<13.174 =: IS.6~ dB Do=0·81 (4n)(3)(.2.)=
61.07::

31\..;

USIYl, Table 12.1

o.'=3A.~b=-zA.;

p.

o..=b=3 A..

:; Do::::' 0.81 (4n)(3)(~)

= 91.61 :;: 1~.6.2.dI3

{L7.85dB

235

12-18 12-19

Usirl~ the Cil'IMpu.ter pl'"Oj rOoWI o.t -the eVic;{ of Chapter 2 a.. a=. 3/\, b= 2...i\.; Do =. 63.961 ..:::8. 06 dB l

b.
0..

Q::::b=OA

:,

DD=94.306~18.'7SdB
;;:25.60"
'-=

a.~3A}

b=2A

CB>h CE-plavte).:: 50.6/2. ®h (H- plu..ne) ®n

(E ==.

b.
C.

68;8/3
114. 6/2.

22 .~3°

d.
eE

~ b7. 30" <HI n (H-pla.ne).:: I?!. ~/3 :::57.300 P lo.:l1e).::;;

(E - pla."Ile) -:;:.-1.3 . .2.6dB

f·
A..

Ep CH- pIO:l'le) =. -:.?3d6

Usll'lj the do.+o. fom

F1Jure 12. 13 a.nd /2.14 .

®,n (E -p!o.ne)
®h CH-p!&h&)

::: ~5.6"
~2.I"

b.
C.

12-20

®h crt - pla.ne) ::::60." e. E& (E - pkt.ne) .;::-13 . .26 dB :f .Eps (H -p lane) ::::-.26 dB d. From FijUJe 12.15
)J.:::: .ka.

®h

(E -plane)

:. c 0.0"

e 2. stnl,

.." kb, . ~ S.18 ::::. !lS(vt e~

j

for a 1'0

€!ff,'cien<y

For- 61 ;;:37/2.
a::b;

=18.5°
=:

12-21

..2(3 .. 8) .. 1 R .81)') (18.5")

3.11:f1\.

EG.=~

EoCOS(!:XI),Ho.:=::-~~o
(E x

COS({XI)

W eve ::::.!i<E

fi.o.d
E
&

.1. (b(""J. .. PrOod.._ 2. -bh -OJ.·~ J, o./z.

4"'1.

12") :::. D..l

=IEoI~ b [x'+.a sin (..2U X1)Joh :: a.b teo!

::.1:11' A -4/2..

1E.,I~cos~ (;:t') . I Eoll.. CDSl.(2.~ xl)d<'dtlI =. 1E.:.I~h n 0... a 2.11 .{

4~

,a to;L<
I~

I.

r.·

1+ CeS (~()]

2.

~I

From Table

ImBJe ..

IE I'nto.x

:::.

. -~kr 'k J r COS¢ -' .a o.b~Ttr- e-Hu"nN E.. .1lItox ;:. J"1T 21fr cos¢ =J.,2Q.be -Ie. Eo. .. ~ .2ahkEoe) - J 1f" ISL ~} . !Z rr""'" / .2... . .2... I ·,..4.lo.b)"u .:::; l. el~ ::...2(o.bY 18.012 r
12.1) G:;

at

DO

V I Ee
rClc1

IfllCI.K T U::~I III

41f

(i,I[

:1

Eo

r~ LIV.

7>

mo.x .2.'{ I
TTl. La

l'I().'(

(TT" 1\) 4;

1'{

Do :::. 41["Uftuu.::: p. .. A~'m :::. ltt:t.Do

o.b IEoI"'/41?'1.

(a.b)~

I Eol~ J/[ (lfN"'IlJ ;;. ~ r b ( 41f) J.

= ~2(ab) ==.

:2

)...:0..

Ap ::::::€a.p Ap
2..36

12-22
Tr'anju.lar : Ca.p ::-75 Yo::::: -3/4

Dc>:::: ~ (~)

:::

1·1781

= 0.7l!8

dB

Do ":::J.Irr81 ~

0 .elliS dB

b. Cosine Square ; Eqp::: 66. (;7 % :;;:;2./3 Po :=:ECip :!I :::.i C¥:) ~! 04-7.:2. ~ 0 . .2 ~B '::1:

12-23 _

D"

=::. I. 0472

Do ::::: 3<1B 2
e:t
=. ecd
eTo:::

et Do
_ I\~ 4lr -

er :;:0.9 (1)
=:

:::::102•3

= (85.5.26
-::0.'3

~ 0. .2 dB

0.9

((99 5U) :::: 17<).5'136

_ ]\.:l..

:: .22·54

dB

Aem 7\:;;:;

Aern, -::;lrr~ CI7:J.5736)::

8 a){ (lQ'i 0 lOx.

et

Do - 4lr Go_

i; "179.5736
p~ro.d.~'.w,

::: j~B. 6' I c"",,-l.

= 0.03
=::.

YIl

-=

3 C'l11

1224
'-

Eo.p:'::
'.

At>M

Ap

1.2.8.61 ::;: 0.6431 ... 64 .31 ;..

:LOO

0..

I a x 10' H l" Q::::O.9"==2.z86~::::

1\== 3xIO c""'/s = 3 c"""

10 '

f:: IOC-rh"t10 k.~

[A3'
,,'
,',
_.,.,_

b::.

0.76.2."0.4(( =: 1.016 Crm ':;:;:0.339 A

.# i

"
L<.. r"

112, LDAA,'

POlLlel" denstty for

isotr-opic source; w/m-:t.

=. I Wo.tt :: 7".96 XIO'o 41TR.~ 4rr(IOx(03)''" Dirf"ctiLli~ frOW! To.b1e 12.1,12.2.

Wo =.. Pro.~,

Do

=- ~[~~ab

J ':;:;:

~:2

(0862)(0.331)=2.63
Wi:::.2 .09 X 10

I.."Cident POlOOr density _ , w;,. :::;:WoDo ;:: Ul'76 x 10 I 0 W/m~) (.2.6 3) ~

,,'

-~ ,

w/'M-

;1.

b. 1'h€ 'maxlt'hl.l~ powertno.t

PTIl(.l): : Wi. AeM
P'rIlo.x .-=.

Co.\'1

be delivef'€>c.l to a. matchecl Qoa.J ..

3.'14X
[0

A&m == ea.p Ap ~ o.BI o.b ;;:: /.8B Xlo-4m..l.

;::
(.2

.09
-13 10

-1) -4 04) x 10 . w!",;,.(I·f?8 x 10 rtl;:

-13

..3.94 x

237

AeYrl :;::_ 0.81 - C O. 02286

= !.g B
X lO-+ t'h ~

){O.o 10 ()::

0.81 . (.2.3 ':l.lS7

J(

I 0-4)

The rnrucirn4W1 power

mo.tch ed

-Hwt ca..,. be delivered

7::0

!.,o..J

PmIAX ~ V./i. . A eY"tl

=-I.&ex

=
-8

C to -4 wa.tts/'h1-1.-)·

( 1·88)(

(0-

1-tI ..... )

10

watts.

O.OI88.f'Wo.tts.

238

12-27.
Q.

EGI.:: { ~ .lIS.
_

10,

(::I..

0. x:

I) +1

a.
I ~ (:

xl' .$ 0
fa.

o..~2Eo
1\

(2./)

-o:-x ... 1,

0 ~ x ::S 2"
" ax; 2E~

t1s = -2Y\X
M~
=:

...." ~o..'=' -2a.l xa~ E~ ==

Jx ~J~= Jr=o ::: {2Ec>(~X/~ 1), - ~~X',o .2 e. (-ii-xiT t) / 0 ~X" -i:.

Mi! ::

UsiYl

Ns = Nfl' =0 La :: r1' (Mx Ctlsecos¢ -+ Yljoase -sln.¢ ~t1eJ

(12 -/20.) - (12. -12. d)

0

e>kr/Q:lSlfds'

lQ

s
=2EoCoS&(bSpfb~
o

c:(-;l -o.t2. + J.
1.

}o (~.x/-t1)e)k.x15'r16(bS¢dx/

x' ~ i) e)

'k

x s"Sa>s¢ .lx'

'

1ei"ll
t,

sma
~

SI.,..d~
1:11

(~eiktsinBsi.~dr=

eitr,y''''·e",~
jksina·siVip

= e J ~&n&~
(;t
x'+1)

b. :Oi"( i,¥ sine sin ...)

stns sl'11%
CoS~

o
0 (~.x ,..

1)eilt>!s;~e O>S.o'dx'
JJ,::; €x d,u -=
.2.

-o.f2.
'+

e)~X'sl'&(b$"'lo -~
J A 5tn8
-0.;2

/ e ;1tx Si'l19 Cos,d:x.

j k,Sine CDS'p

IJ

d'V = e)lu.'Sln9 CoS¢ dx'

'\J ~ eJ ~x:'s\'l1e C(JSf/ jlr.&inG CoS!3
l

-tJ./1.

d r!

cr

L 0./2."I
o

(0 (£.xf_d)eJ*.l:'sit111COSJ1ldx. =
t Sivn! or ~

{1

3k S'IIlt:)
.- ~

Co sft

t 0.

~ [l_e-jysm(}W~J
~(~L.:-. -:l~---:---'rc;_S VIe
C'os.J¥)~

t
j

~Ob.(_ ~

x' +1)

ei"'" si.e C05Jtdx'= t

J

, -t 2. [1- e l ~ sinB =9f] }

l Jkstne CbS,
~

a.

(ksine (1)sp)'

Combil11 I'I~ terms

we

LG

= 2. Eo rose CoS ~

{b e· ~

(AYl wri.te -j'f' s.nr 1. 2

[l-

j~

ck S\YI e cos¢):l..

CoS c~slna cos¢)]

= 8Eo(~)CoseorsP!,e)~Sjyl'f,
[,

'(

~slnol.(~sIYleCbS%) (~s;'YIe COS¢) 2..

(I!g ~

La:: QbEo cess cos¢

' 'I

e)~ snff . s\n.l.C~slYleC'Os¢)

'f

si.. e cos~ t

)'f =

~si.e.si np

L, :: IS

S ImLor tf

[-M~sinp$ +~oCOS%J

ei~r'cosCPds!
( CoV\tlYlu«:>d )

s~

239

12 ~27 (Coned)

L,e

, = -a.bEoS(Yl¢e

-)'y StY) Y

"--y'

sln-l.(~ .sll'l~ cos;p5)

(~Sit1e, COS91 J J.

The electric field components (lye obtained l.{St~a. (I~-ICG.) -(I.2.-l0C) Thus Er=O Ee ::::-j Fe~tlr [I: +n~] =+j a.bEo €j~~~Y1P .e-.j~sinY . SiY1~(l£slV1e(JI~pj)
4lTr ~ '(!"t1

E~ .::.j .keJ

.kr

[La -~~]

A Ccord(Yl

. 4ITr

==j o.DEoE? (bse cosJ6 e

I_

2.i\.r

si /tr

(~ .. ine· cosf4)~ ~
1-

.J'(

~"r

s·!Yll. slYl.t(~siI'lBCDS"') y c'ko.sil1e.cosP1)""

4"

_ 1 Eoll.( o.b )2.. AlC(LIlO- 21l.·

J
M

(12-130..)

1(9

(a)

sx:

{csm
=

'.t~

C s~
C)

cos~)

[StY! 'f. sh'L~( S(V1,e -cosyt) ~

'(

(~6ine"cos¢)2.

'

]~

'mo.r

::.,U....

.,.o.It

(8.::0)

IEol2.(a.b)-l. 8 ~ ",:L

UslYl9

(12-3~a.)

Pro.r.I ~ ~ 't1OJ/e d?_ =

PrClc.l
=:

1;(H.b
lEol.1.ab

f:

(~x'+ 1)dx'd¥'-j-

I ;c!~ f.2.b (0
1{

(~;)::'+ 1).l.JX.' 10-/2..

t ::: Eol~a b 'l

I

fo bCt

~;t

'+.1) d.-c'J~'

~== 4rrUnto.l( ~ 4lT[~L(~)~J::.

~cA. Usin~ (12-40)
~ _ AeW! _

3tT~!

6"

ap - A p a. b 4iro.b 4lf'a.b J\:. as compared to 81 % for the Cosine disi-ributton.

*Do _
""

6~

I\~

Do =

r.: ~~ i-

'=

0.[15=115"1.

b.

~c..::'

a~ CoS~( ~ x') = a,!-Ec1s,

Eo COS'l.(~.x')
s.

---------....,,_t~---....---..._

E\A
~s
:=
It

z,

-lnx Eo. = -2~1

XD..~ E:f. = a.Zl

0

2.

Jx -= J~-;. -2- ~ Ml .:: Me I

M::( ::. 2 E<1 ~
Ne:::N¢::::o 21:0 C()S~(

r x:' )

r l~,-,-~

1-+'f~+-----~::C

240

sin '( y

241

242.

12-27 (Coni/d)

().:;:_0.,.

'I :.

2 . .286 C'YrI 0:

0.763 i\.

b =. o· 4" ~
0.

1·02.

CIY'n

== O.34o/\..

USl"~ -the Compu.t~rprograr" at -the end of Chapter 2.

~:::: 4.26'4 ;:;:_,..298ctB 6
frOM

To.ble i2.1 Do ==. (l.81 C 4rr (0.'763)

Q""

(0,340)

,,='<.64

= 4.

21'7 d8

12-29.
Q.

0.42/1-::

L067crm

=- 0·711 '}\..
==
O.288,A

b =- o. t 7" = 0.432 ('»1

U.sl~ "the CbmplJ.,~r

pro:ro.m

at- the end of

cla.ptey 2.

Do = .3,981
b

= 5.999qs
[2.

from Table

i
:::2.084 =.

tb =

0.8[

[4 n

C()·?II) (0.288)]

3.18~qB

243

12-30.

0.;:: o.g""

= 2.286
::=.

C..".~ 0.762.0
(!vrI

.,....

b ::: 0. 4"

t.ors

=. 0.338'7 ?\.

f :::0 ErHl! 1
Dt- ::. De·Do.

d. = 0.B5.A. Ro ~ -30dB

:. 31.6228
~ 'A.=

30XIO<f/(IOXIOY)

-::: 3Ctm

DQ

=::::

C.S 1 [4lT
2.Ro•

~~]
n.

= 0.81 (4-tr) (0.762DA) (0. 3387/-..) 7\:J..

:= 2.6270.=:.

4·1~47dB

D~=

1 (RCI~-l)f__L +
L-td.

f=

0.636 {

Ro cosh [./((0$111 Ro)=L IT.1. J 1

Tf.1. ]

:: 1 + 0.6'36 cosh-IRo ~

f 31~:U8Cosh [ .,j(A. .146et2.55 A.

)"2-

r';:
;;t.

1·1440
]

coSh-I (31.6=<.l.a) ==

:::;JnO;·a. 22~'1)

1." [31.62<B ± ~(-5:1.6.2.28);1.-1

=;

4.l468

L =. 3 Co.8S7\)'=:' Do. = :l. (31.6"uS

_
-,..... (~.S5tQ.e5)l\

1+[(31.6U8)~1](I·144)

< C 1,000) I + 336.1346

12-31

:::5.7323 =7·'732~dB Di-:: De Do. ~ 2.62700( 5, ~623)'= J5. 5B4~ =1 !.926~ dB

Dt
r-, I/W

:::

Dw (WQ.IJ£I9v.·tde] Do. (a.r rOo,1

12.1..
[4lT ~] 7\.... ::: 0. 81[Alr
1[2

FrOM Table

=~

ab) 1\""-

7\= 30X,lO" = 3clW)::: 1.181\"~o,-.::::~I\=o.~6.l0f\.)

IOXIO'l

1·1811

b= t.rsu 0·4 =
)

7l= O.~38rr/\.

Dw:::: a.SI [411

D.x::: Dj ~

0.76.20)..(0.3.18'1 A) ] =0.81
"l\.l..

(3· 242..?) :::.<·6.268

l~ From e,&(6-100)

4J1'4.2.d6

D6, == IT Cos9o D.z D~ leo~oo =- lf Dx D~

2N(.~')
=.

= 2(8)(

0.8;:'/\)

=13.6

(~ From To.ble

b'-?)

Po.. =:

1T

D.x DJ

TT(13. 6)( (,3.6) = 581· 06'3 ~ s81.e17 =.27. 642.dB

Pt ~ Dw· Do. ~

2.6268(58t.06~)
+.2

=- i,S~6.35 :::31·84 dB
'7. 642 eelB) :. 3\·836 d 13

~ 4 .19 4~(dB)

2lJ.1J

12-32.

Theresutts
0..

OlYi be obtuJy,ec{ by usin3

comparatille

o;"o.logy

between

the flelctof T~en:?fore

redo.ngt).iar aperture when not mOlmtEd and moul1te~

0

on o.n i'l1fil1;te fjrollYld plo.~e. These are lis1ed IV! Table12.1.

can wrCte tho:t t\lefields of tile clrcuklr apen:rh.tre Section 12. S.1 , when it is \'\\1t moumed on. D.iIl infin i.te <jrouVld o.re (' by usll'\~ C 12- 530.) - C 12,- S3 c.) J
WI:"

pla.Vle,

Er~O

EQ -::: J ·..·0

, Ro.~E
2

e.

-)-kr

1 (1+ CoSSo) sin¢ .

(I~cose)cosp!.

..

J.l C-ko..slYlB) ,. RQ. StYle iRa StYle

J
)

E,i'J ~ j.kQ2Eoej~r ~
2r

J.1(~dS1Vle)}.

Hr~O

He

=-

H.I';:;O

Evs /Y[ Ee /"1'{

12-33 .

E~ -cOTe"J LXII /~0..) Stn¢/ . .. - ~

E¢::::. Eo

J.'(X(I L)
0.

Cos"'" I } )()

Ee
0..
US~I"'j

:::;.0

C VlI - 7 b)
SIYlp-/'t- ERI Ql S¢

E-l( ::::.Ee COSf&/- E~sin~':=

;of ~,

JI(XI~ ~)Sln~/ - J/(X\~ ~.) SlnJ;¢IJ

COS'\2j1

E'j ;;::~

{== Eo
SQ.

t ~,1; (%~~ ) Sin")f' + Ji '(?C.; f)

e) fee '00 If' e/de 'dlt / ei Re 'Cos If

L~== Sf
So.

MJe} itr'('tlS11'd s'::: M:ce51rr/CoS if £lsi::::

-2 OJ!

SIMJ

Lx = f)'
So.

rr M:c

e d(dp/
Ex
1-

Ij = -.. 11x 1;.0. = 2

So.

x (a:t Ex + ~ E~ J::: -

~.l

clx.2 E~

MJ: ~

2.E~ ) M~ == -2E..:{;

J>'O ::} Jx == J~ ::::-l :::.0 J

Therefore
==:.

-s,

= - Eo

rl

(LV LQ { ~,}; ('X~~

(;x.~

f) t L.2.~in~/.ej~t 'eosIPd¢, f + Eo is.'C'!-I; ~) {~f)J.,s' ei ft(cos r ",de'

C Continy.ecl.)
2.11-5

)sill~/-

Jt(XI~ -k)sil1~/1 e;ttrcoscp e'de'd(6/

12-33 CCont'ct) However

If)::

LJ.;l~~4> l k(co.s4' d~' {r:~j(~'~ll'le ~ e - CVe) c~'SLl'leCoS(IiS/-% dfj t

=: ~ )_.2¢I)
f

~~J "t~~() d(2j I

Let tt~3

w-~::; ~
~j

~~ LOith the Q~clof (V-3S), It red.ucesto

=
'

1. {

l'

ej~¢

r»-(te .

9 dlZS I.::: d~ ,

(Of?

am wr-He

(J.Il'siM Cos&. J '~ \

+ :;.s)
'\

d~ - e J-2(

-ju:

(If.

-r;t. ) (iot:~/sinG:(j}s~ -.l~ ~I. ).

-%

a@ )

If) ~ ~
Uslnj
(V-tO)
(.:nr

~el.)~:'HrJ~(ke's'lne) ej.J.~ 2.1r. +

~/SlnEl)

r
e

we Cll.n I.()t-lte
• ~/(Os

it a.s
I "

. Io =. Jo slrt.2~el

L)i:::"
~. :::.

~ :::.-..2Tf,slt1J.j2!·J~('k(Sh'l&) , Th\'('i;: (G. [I Ie' 11'l.:..]d' eo' 2n'·siVl~.i3 Jb J:1.C "'e/se"'l!) . f Jl (,?!II cr) - J, (;t'l 0..)'

e/

"

flJd

US!Y1 j (V -I ~),

it rE'JlfCes +c •. 2lT x~ &1t'l-l,0 Eo C;l e' J.2.(we $1 I')e) J~ (%,{ ~) de'

Ip{1:r) do{ =:
'f.:(

Since -thehcX

r.l"" Jp(lItx)
0.

Jj(CAA) J'p--t(p:J ,- OC(JP--I(o<.x) J'plY' x)

J..._

L
~

= EQ·~n·Xra·Slrl.l.SJ, [~I;J:.(~aSlne)J"Ic.):,f}
(

Y;l.

- kCls'm8 JI(ko.SlilS)J".).CX'tO
kS'Ir1.6
)1_

B €l(~!i.e

J{ (xt.)·;:::

-J.i 'XI: ) - -k-~ (")\,);::;::0 ::) ::rl[X.( ) = 'XI[ JJ...-( ):,[

- ~o.shlElric *o.sll19)

(X1;;o..)l-

1
)

L~:::-.lll"o:Ec·sln:lRS . ::r~(~ft){ (x1a:tJl.(kClS,r)'6),

US1n9 0.. similar proc€'dure
.
1

I -. (-ka:slnB/XI\ ).l..

L.l- -= )$~ Mx
:;; -.4.-1fr.o.

rr

€OJ", Cos
,

.lan,

i~ can
.2

4' e'de'dj3":;:;
j,,'

ra. r I . '.Iv} Sll s, J. Jo te;J:(x,f~)Sln?"'T:r;I(?!I{t)<:oS~/le. o~·~(d'

(2.'11"
I .
['."

be

ShOf»Vl tka..t-

YI(1n)

I:"" (""" 1="

lS,II1lJ'J"ICn£l:StnG)

'f\:aSll'le-~

(:I(,01

1 ' J ·-CoS¢ ("V )J;.J1l.o I'll \t.,..asl'r)e))}

1

C.:x,~)2 L& :::: La =:

Lx COSB COS,0' + Ld CbS6Sinp
A,.UQ
I

[ 1- (kaslne/~li')~ ]

T.(x.() Eo CoSG('oS>'

Thus lJ.s;n~ CJ:2-I<lo.)-(I.2-IOfJ Er ~ ~ L.- I: J .(;x..")eJ kr. Ji CltaSine)

Es -::-J. 1{UQ, r I
) r
It '

r 1.-(~flSlneJ?!I~Yl.],)"
-ko..stt'lG

L.3 :;; - LxSiI'1,lli +~ Cos?, s\ '(kastYls) Lr#-41TCl,Ji{'xOE

I 10

s111¢

rl cka.sll'ls)
ko.slnQ

Hr~O

SIVI".'
1"..

E,s ~ .

I,.,.A ) f<U.EoJiCXI(e· """ji<r '(0

'

, S6 r._oS%·[1-(kGish1EI/.xI1)~

J.I (",O,Slrl(j L '

I

He ~ - E~ /"1 HJ<' ~ E& /» 'I.)

(Continued)

246

12-33 (Cont)d)
b. The results Ca.Vl be obta.iVlecl by USiVlS 0. Compa.ranl.€ al1a.lo&y betweel'1 the-fields ro.diQtec{ by" yectQ~\Alo:r aperture When not mounted O:hd mOl.{nted on uYl (nfil'ltte grouVld plane. These aYe /; sted in Tc:tble! 2.1 . Also compare Proble'frl 12.32... Therefore we co.Yltc:n-it.ethat the fields of tbe orcular apc:>rtLlre of SectioVl 12·6·2 .. Uneh it- is Mt mou~ted Ort o.n ihHnjn:. grouVld pla.ne, 0. re ChyUSing the results of ~rt g)

Er -:::'0 . -'kr ~.) Ell ~ ,~.Q,EoJlCrloeJ C1+Cosa)9~~ JiC ~me. J zr~CISlVl Q Jkt (i tCbS8) (OS,0)""{( koSlV18) E,0 ~ j 'No.. Eo SIC?"I!)

Hr~O

e-

He -::--

E~/7( EQ/~

12.-34. Ee =
E¢
=:

? Slrl.0CI+COS9)
I

::2.r··

[.1- C«aStYla/XII .Ji(~)

~

)2-]

)H¢ ~

c_;_ CoS?!, C 1+ Cose) . JI'(,.-) r

L- (~?',f)~

Z:::.~aslt'1e 'XI( :::.1.841

§* =. [~ . S~0 (ttease) 1;- (Ose
2

J/C~)

=:

Jo CZ:) - J,(:l)/Z

+ Q%

CO;! (1+ (oS s)

, O:'t :::; (0& SIYl~ +a~ (0S,0)

Er

[ci'e Sin¢ -+ ct, CoSj2S J =- (d6 S·n.,~ + cos~ Sh'l,i5 )

a,

Gr;:::
PLF ~

~ sln~ TCOSJ.._es

Qe SiVl.0' + ~

CosQ O>S¢
-. 2-

Si~~

+cos;1e et>S-/i1
Sin~T

I tlt . Url~:::;

J StYlJ..z + Co s~S CDS~/

cose cos·¢/

=.

(St",~-t
SlVl~

rosa

(bS~¢)J..

+ cos~ cos~~

247

12-35.
U.

Usi,

rhe computer projrOVVl at tl1e end DI;>= 11.24 :::;[D.5\dB

a! Ch~tE>r

2.

a,:;: 1)·51\. =>

0.:=

b.
c.
0...

0. =. 1·5.i\ =J DQ

3.07\ ~

Do =357.<78

= Y2. ?'o4

-== I" ·6'7 dB

=25.S3ds
[Zll" (0·5)]

USiYlJ Ta.bIeL:t.2.
0::: 0·5 A 9 Do-== (irrO; }\.)~ a::: I .5 7\.. -=} 4::;9.86'?6:= 9.943 dB
J;=

b.
c.

Do -

(.2.ITajx.)..l~

[.liTels)1

88.826.::: [9·4SS cl B

a. =3.0

J\ =i' Do;;;' (2tfa(i\.) J.-== l2IT (3)1;l._:;: 355.306

= 2S .506

d8

They

compare

4uife well G>XCPpt for

a= OSA

12-?£
o,
b.

USlYlj +he computer

pror

a.t't\

at the end of Cho.pter 2. _

io.5lrrclB

U:.D.o/-.,,* Do=IJ.264;
0..:= [.5" A. ~

Do =1'3. Vl'7 :=.11'·614 dB

356.815 :::; 2."1524

c.

a :)3. OJ\. ~ Do:::

With 9round pone
COVllpI.Lter

as
of

12--37.

USiV\5 lhe
0..

prorm o.t the el'ld

Chaptey 2. .

0.=0.5/\
Q:;:.1.

=}

DI;>= 9·f2.2.::=. Y·16GdB

b.
c.

E »: ::} Do'= 1f:5'.161 '= 18. (15~ da a ::3.0 A q Do -= ~Y5.0~6 ~24. 699 dB

Usin3 T o.ble I ~ . z. Q. a :::0.5"A. ~ Do -= 0·836 (.l.na/A) ~O.B36C9.8(;96) -==. 8 ·.<51 = <to t6S'dB b. a::: 1.5")..:;) Do::' OSa6(.2.rrQ,//\,) =-o.836(es·8l6.)~ 9'Q..:J.Sr= t8.'7o'7dB c u: 3.0/\:=) Do:: o. 9.36C..zrro../7\) ::::; 0.836 (35"5.306) :::::"<f'l.036::; 2/t. 7.2.fi dB WithOUt- 9rc1f"d plctVte
Usin j, ihe computer

proy-arn at t~e. eVld oJ Chaptey 2

=.

a. b.

a.:. 0.0 1\ => Do=' 8·82.44£

9. q,s '1dB
805

o..::!

1.s- A ~ Do == 75. Cf458 =. lB.

= 216.

clg

c..

a=- 3.o).._ ~ Do

~5y =- 2'1.'727 qB

2'18

12-38.
Q.

From Table !~.2

From F~s.

12.IS

12.J.O

HPBW

(E-plo.l'le);:, .2~·2jL':::

(~·4.\7°
==

HPBW

~.20"

b.
c.

!.,PBW C i1-plo.Yle)~ 31.0/1.5

24.6q'°
0

HPBW :::::.23.8" .

FNBW(E-plo.he)= 6«1·'l/1·5 =:46.60 FNBW CH-pl(.l.~e);:: ~8.o/ 1.5 :; 65.33

FSLMM CH-pla.'r1e) =: -26.~ qB

FNBW ~4~o

d.

FNBW ~6'Bo FSLMM ~ -17 d8

FSLMM '::::: --28.SclB -

e. FSLMM (E - plo.Vle)= -17.6 dB

f.
La ::

12-39. a.
.s

§a. ~

a~Eo [
(OS~

I - (e 'laP']

~ ~s ::

-.2n

Ec.. =

a:t 2.~

(' 1-

ce ia.)l..J

Sf (M;r cosa

T ~ocose -slYI,¢ - ~

S'lYlb) eJ~r'COS4'ds/
ro~1Teij(e;slne'Cos,0'lol.0'/

::: .2E .. cose

C()S~

roo,e'[I- £e'lo.)l..J "

J(

Usinj CV-35) It redu(@s, after S€Po.r-Q.ti~n3 l'rito two tt1te~V'CA.I~ +o

L& ;::
i"1nkil'lj

4U Eo cose Cosja'
0.

ChAn_)f> of variable of ttte forn-, X==-k~fs;Vle::=) dx:::~. sln&d(

ChSjl

[CCAe'

Jo(~e'sil'le)de' -

d:l. f r'\Jo (-ke'&h'l(~)detJ

!JJ~ O:tnwrite i t o.~

L9 ~ 41f r; Cosa

[co.e: J.O·e<sl

n 6)

de' -

d s, ( +!s\no)" I
0

~~

J.ttl dx ]

Llsl~9 (V-2.2) uYld (V-24) It fEldt/res to L := 81l' a..t Eo [eos¢ ass ,J.l (k Cls1 VIe) ]

In a. stl'lll1ar

mo.VlVIer-J (t aUI be shotUrt t n o..t

(ko. s)V16)

:l-

LRf::: r·[-Mx:sIYlJ2l' + Md CoS~] ej 'w,r1coS'I' ds/ =:. - 8ITa~Eo [. s. VI,-· J.:Lckasln e) \ (kasll1&) l.
SlYlce NQ~N%~O, we co.~ UJri~e t~e radiQ.tecJ. fields

f.s

uSlVlj ((.<..-tOo.)-(/.2.-lof)~

OS

t, ~ ~ .:L e)kr
Ee :: J 2.~a Eo· ~.
0.

r'

J..L(

Si Yl{t

kostnS) C-ko.S'ln e)

Epf ~ j .l-k

~Eo . e~r [ cose cos~ J"~( kasi VI 9)

He. ~ - E15/yt

H r-::!::O

J ~Q~"~~
lCOYltinued )

a;

H9 ~ Ee/ll

12-39. cCoY\t \1) b. Fol\OLIJ!l'lj 0. s-lmilul" proO?dtLYe} It- cal') be Eo. = 6.'~ Eo [(- (e 110./- ]
:t.

sh~Wh

tha.t

whel'l

-the ro.dw.tE>clfield are 31 LIe", b;1

Er ~o _'jIu\" (J~ , EQ ~ j 16 ko. ~ Eo ~ $(V1¢ v 3l'1asmfl) '. (.kaSiYle)3
r~j;!

~J'

(6

h a.:I.E or (osecos¢ ;r.~c~a.s1l'le) ] e1itrr

j

Ht"~(),

He~ -qlq

12-40

Ell =

uJ E. CI - e 10.)

H~ ~
=9

Ee/lt,

(kastn6)

3,

Hs =

ax 2 Ec

(I -

e'la,.]

L9' also

ha.-s so.Vlte. except

SlnpJ

fo

I"

jn>l'It

te

t)1'\ .

Lr.< = - 4trEo

,.,

f \, 1 ft-lSI)1.).&

1Clw..sinl7) + ~CUI~
~0

ex)"

x~
)

250

12-41, Eo.=-~
Ms :: nlltS

E¥nCblo.) ~,
-=0.

-2.~x!;

=-&ec ::::-.2. a'"l \( (-6'e _£_) :::: firr ~,r

(OS(%-r,1')

-b

where
\

c~
:::

G~b/o.)

2· ~/

q M.0'

~c
f{"

L& ':. ~ [JfrP°COSQ

s
'=.2 C ellsQ

USit1~ ( 12-4.lC)

+ MH Cose S·II'l(0-~I) , .,

rb }o. [ }o $1.'1'1(%-%') e)-kP/SIVl&

r-'l'lf

SCile] ei-k r'Cos 4'cts/

]

c<\SC,0-pl"' ..... <l%/

o(e I
of

BE'Ca.u..se oJ o..2irnllthcJ syY!1metry , the field tsn.o-t

0.

ful1.ctio\ll
CoS

J6.

ch OOS\l'1j

12S '=:; 0

l,*
L!J'

= .=
-=:;

2. C ~o.b[

rr [_~O s

.2c·c~e fo.b [-

C sin
1f

Q5.'

e i1I1~'Sln&-Cos2l' d_a!l'] de I .:: :J. C ds"

e L.b [0 J d (=. C

Str!(~_p")

1" M,CbS<}1-,¢/)] eikr'cosl}'

(o~1

= 2C
~ :::2. C ::::':1.C

e rr: r r C~s

("'1CoS ~ .. e3 ikfsirl6 J d.e (bSIJ' ei«e~ ill,.. d_' + n& CI>S9f' ei "f' S\~6lbS ";w] elf'
d¢'1

;Ie) ke 'sil1eCbS ¢ I'd!2J

I __

<let {d/I:: SZS'-tr ~di21lf=dl2i/ tlrCOS~/"" -j ~ SInS Co S ?'d [&

r.~
I

(bCJ1 O~e'&ina) -JI (-k(Sil1 e)] ~(=4C

very

r:~

>

1/

]4~/

(ke/s1n e) de

by 1A.s!~ (V-36) o.Yld (V-to). with t~e o.;d of l~: -4C. [ li~nQ (Jo(WbSin&)-Jo(~o.s!l'le») J
If hoLueuer -the Slot (s

CV-2.1)

t\'11"IJ LJ1 CQ.Y1 be approximated

b~

L_ ::::. C r:Jt(ke'Sine)de'~Ac. J( (ka's!n.&) 4

/.Onere 0.":= ((l~) UsI.YI~ (12-100,) - C1.2 -I of))

f:oIe/;:=

4C

cb -oj JI Ckc{st"l-l$)
«s

We Cb:n write the ro,d;a'ted f1elcls ::::.+'

Er

::::.0 4lft"

Ee :::.- j-k e;~r[~+ ~J._ ]

'yt'49

ce5kr [ Jo< kbS\r1,e) - To (~O$IV1e)]

IT I"

E,0

=-

1")ke)

, -'kr
4rrr

~ +j

(a.-b)C
ttl"'

L K

s\VI e -ikr J; cka./ sin e) E'

I

[L&-nN.0' .l

1 =D

Hr::'o...

He.:: -E~/1)

Hp: =: Ee/q
251

l 2-42
12-43 12-~4
0..

Us'IYl

U:;

J,.,·e l<o..sn

er Fi~lAre
.1

1.2.21
:: 3.;:) ~
"7

= ~' uSlnGl. ]\
~
2~

a,_3.aA. .....2lt.6iI1C3lt) ."" (·05).... .

JJ.:: ~aslne1. UStt'1~

(.2/\) sln (.20") :: 4 . ..<.18~

4· >3

Fij\..lfe 12 .Z\ ~
0..

Sewn efficle~cJ

-:::.. "''(810 '17

For
o._ -

&:juo.re aperture ece ~

.2.S~Yl(6Cn.2.

Bch. There:jOv-e

tt,e optirnul'11 dlmenstoVl is

-v

1_::::.

7':- .

:. ~.

-=- )-.. '>fa -= V3 -.. a 5'}17/"" .... ,

o..C(oyJ]Yl<t

p. TPe mox·{ml.(W\ directivity}

-to

((.2-!J1'),

Do -:
C,

Tr·

If

S'IYl~C:::

sin:t.(600) =

j IT ~
D

4· {8?.::;:"" 6 . 2.21 dB
3.

The
0..

12-45

U=

di rectivitj .,...

o.t e =- 60 i s :.
.-

tv.. ql3 from

=03387\
,

:t:io1 e

maxi.ntlA. ok W1

e = 0°

b.

D0 =

6.4l3·sh:rec
1·686lT .
S'Ul..:t

...

-3.413 S\I'1(60") (. D86

...

}-

8c:.

..

rr

..$\Yl:l. (60°)

=4.55"

.z;

6·58d8

c ..

pea =-0) Inn'(

f);::(;oc

=.

ColmA):"

Pte )\=-(2TI 0.)~

p(e~6oo)
':=.

{ 23,( ..

(2rro.)'"··

-i<o..Slne

-te,o.&I'l&) }.~. .

J
J

pce ::::;60°)= (2rro.t

J.

[2JI (I·83? l)
\

1·83"l2.

2 (0, set?)~.l.

=-l.llto.)"2:{o.

4004)

pce::ec0) P((~= )\.

~c

.~

12-46.

=6o~

4004

-= -3 . YlJb-C:(B
"" 0 A:2 .268 .",==

1.83'12

0.

=- .2J731:'SiYl(eJ\.~. 2.~5 8 gc::::6oO

1.~6.31r:::.
&trr-(&t)0

b.

00=

1..(63·lt:::
.75

5.2701./.
Q )).

7.235dl3

c.

Pce).:::

0.'75 (21To.)~. { 8 J~Cka.ISIYI

a7S·{'<l["o.)~

~ Uto.sin91.l.

~.

PC6::-0);;::

P (e -= 60°)=
pca '" 60°) ::. ..CB=OO) ..
I·

{8' J2 (:.:)/~ ...1\:"0== o. 75(2tto.~ 1

.

0.75'( .lU(l).4

.f S> :r~( ~I. a 4.2-'681\, ~in6"oo ) t:l.

\. [ ~. 004.2268 A' slYl'oO].I. .
J2.(.2.3)j(;.J)"

:::: o·75(..2.1TCA) .... {8'

f' -= 0.75(;)..,,(i

l.):".

(D.39182)

O.3'jlfJ2.

::: - 4.. 06~ 134

dB

B ~:WO

252

12-47.
b.
rr:_ ~o::;:' 0,

a.. o.=.

3. 06317'S'l11

e, =- 3.06317.(
0..

7\.

o.

86(5D)

-= 0·3?616 .J\..

To find.. the nHI,xlM~(lll'ec:..tiu'_:;1 cirrv..\a.r- a.pertlJh'"e

0....
.~
'jI;;Q

We Vleeo\ ;to
1,0 \ ic
to

dr",ve the
Oyl
"

fu....fLeld I. 1U''%

for

w"d-\.-}

po.tra.

taI"er

10 dB peJestr.J..
/(1.. .2:0:;'9fl.»)

[:

((

1.-

e' IU 1.20~7.o..r) =:) ns

'= - . 2.nX"

lE-o...= ~21Eo

)l.\

La ::;; 2Eo (oSS . coS,0 (.l. IT.rIX (I _( e') .l..) . (de JQ J {'lo~1a.
La =
41rEo",51)

Cosj6 [

r:
tI

dj6
(,-JD ~1-o.)~

e<L>C~I' si ~Qld~' tl-le

."

/"1~i~Q

cha)\Je.. 0) Vo.ricJie. of
I»t"tte. It G..S

form.

J.(Joe'si"6 ) de X= ~e 'S:I'o1 e d>J d.x= ~ St'r1 G'J.e

. KdSJlla

re'~
(X)

J
I

w~ CQ.'Il
La

= 4lTE.u>se M,. [

{ (l<S~6{
Cl:l.

tx~:O<)dx X

(,-'O~
l..

0.

f(i!" 6)'\{
,J.LC:) X

= 4lT EoCllStl.('oSo(r

Jon _ a ~

(1 . .20,1),1,.

so:) + . 20..

(1.20?")~

L x~JoCX)d x] 1
+

~ fXroCXldX= X J,ex)tc" fX3J.(X)~)('=

x~J,(x) -2)('_J~

c)

26.3

12-47. CCOYlH:l.)
d'lredi V \

. for

0..

c\rcu.io:( uper-tLt.re

LI)"l

th paro..b

0 1'1

c taper c.:JHh -100.13

~edesh-cJ, k-he normalise

ol power
o.s

pattern rnv.I-t·1 tieJ hy the. mo..xlmlA.W1 p

Can

be wfi1te'(J

PCe-) = 0,'1/761, c:mo.)2.{

For

CJ.03&O.z61[o.31664.7

~C()

+ [.366'7' ~~)

J~J

any
r,

o1-lter aYlj~e &=9c.

the t'tloxirnu.Yhof t"t1e FO-tt-ern

-io

.&

X:=

~as'I'r1

O<TUY"S

whe.y)

-RaSin9c.:= 2.0512

G·3166t?JICX) +1.366'7.J~()(),

has

mOXimlW"l]

Diy~di

vi,

0p"h1tn urn
is

I\.Q.O.

a: "'II'''?-.. "->

a-

..i!.O$P_

..2TT-sil1l1c

- -----

JI..
6"IYl&c

3.06.3f'7·

D-~
"The

0·9176[· J\~ IT·3'0631?.S/-rt8c

A1L..

(7\

)_

j·.2.~82.4'7·TT
(5i'rJ~c).L
'I

YlIa:.ciIl'lIAYl'I

~iyec.tlu\+1
(srYl

wl-th
2.

u.Der~l'"e
r

D .::
c
The tla.[ue. of

ro...d.iu.s of=.;>-" . ) I.: 3.0BI1.S1116oD

::;

.S

I. 22,824-7'

6o~J

rr ::::-5.

i.4.4B6tt

7. 113'7 d 8 clesire.J is

the

clirectiuiry at t-he edje

of

t{.,e.

COllerC>.j-e..

C&=8c=600),

rela.tive. ::to a·s 'YnClx)muWl v~e.e=o,

PCe=ec)
PC6=O) .

pce=:o)=
=l)(6c=6o
Q )

Q.9/'76\·C2Tra.)1..

-Wa..Sh1ec/:::

6("66 •

. (3.0:317

.~J

'S'IYle,

PC9:c6c)

(~1eaS'(}'18c:; 2.0512.)
P((k=60°)=o.~J761·C.2rra..2.)

(3·o38026)~ (0.316647

::t (2.051.2.)
(2.0512,)

J"~(2.0 s"ll~2..J "+"1·3667· (.2,Cl51L)4j

0.91161· (.21\ aJ..) [(3.()3eo26)~ [O.3166~? .(o·.2.7R3~) T 1·366? (0.086,fB

)J~ J

:=: o.~1761·(2TTo.L).[ (3.038026) .(0 . .'2.067252..2.)

J.2.

= O.'i176/
PCQ:cO)

(2Tro.L). ['0.31443]

PC(1=ftc) == 0.39443

=-

-4.0402<t7ydB.

25LJ.

12-48 .

for

circu.tnr ap e r Xu. re os ith pa.ro..holie - t a.pe r \\I u tf\ iY\ o.t i0 11 .

-pc..tterYl

the power- poJterl') C I2dal'we powe.r

djrectlvi tJ) , IS

:time~ t~e

o'l1tenl'lo...

8 itJe'n 'PJ
': ~

P(e)

=;:;

0.<75

(IT 20.)

8 J.2_C -ku&Y1 G ) r. ~
[~U&'iV1e

l',-

'

t.U~€'re. a is the. rad;_~s

Df

the aperture

It') CtX1ue~€YtjthsJ and

J.2._

is t~e Sie(on -order besse£ flltlctloh. d

lhe rnoximqi'Yj vJ.ue

[J~CX)/)(J

of pca) , fnr

a.ai:{J-eM

e)

occurs when ;t'he fundi o~

is q'fl'lCl..XIVl)LlI'Yl· ie ,

Do Cdirecti vi,) =

OJ75

\~
~~L

( tr a.~)

~ 0'75·
Dc
=

L~{8S;~(I),)J ~
If
'··11\1·~

0.75

(;~:;8)'C-S-'I:-re-C)-)~;I..

0.75·(!·68388) r.
.2 6 .2.

LS'm (0 c;

..:::::1·

'T rr /

S iYI :..~c

EO. C . (Re!o"tltJe

pOweJL.oJ:

(1 c,

pce= Gc)

pce'= 0)

O. S. ('If. 2{). ?
r8.1.(2.3

r c.vUL) 2 ~ [8. r;;~3~!)J i.

k
0

cm(1Jl(.! V)1 u,vYJ

OJ!S· au)"l. (rr

:::

(:1.3)

)]'=

[8{O.0'78244Jf
O.3i18159

::: (O.62!5i~2.)~=;:; -

4. 06<t dB

255

12-49.

a. One method "tlla.tam be used. Combines "the results of a. uel""ticcJ

In -the presence of
0.

dipole

thin ~p 10.."e) It'lf ;~;te} per fectl~ CoI1duct I I'lj

COVld.UC.tll1j electric.J.

etedric screen ~Uh a. horiiohh:d opeYlil'lj ClV\d, +kose 01 0. lIedkcJ. dipole

111 the pY'flseYlce of a..

fla.t) thi~l perfec.t~

vert(ccJ strip

as shol.Qnlr\. po.rk Q. of the fijuYe. The strip ho..s b~Vl n:>ta.teot TIl represent the vn~Ylet1C. ~uivaleVlt of the St:reen)s opeVl;\I'l~.
ver\;in-..I dipole IVI the p(e~eYlce of an E>ledri C (oVldu.ctina ScreE?YI (Q t th a. h or; ti)~ ted d\ pole IYlth e prese't1(E of a.horironta\ elflctric COrjd.ucth/lJ~rip) a.SsflOWY\ in pq_~~ of the fi~ure. The dipole has bee." rota."ted to IVltel"chClVlje the E. o.Yld !:i -fIelds OVld obta.l ~ the I'nU.s'ttet-k e~l.lllJo.leYlt f t~"€' actual ~ource. . o
Another
il

b.

rne-~~odCO.."b·l~t?S ~e V"esu~ of

\lerUco.! Eled:ric. Oi pole

_j

I
~er+kQ.\
Elf'd:ric Ver-1-(ccJ.

• 50 . I:!..

,
_j
_j

Dipole

6,jt'"

Eletl:-l'-jc~ Oil)ole.

EiE>dric

Q.,l1dLlctor

Sj" tit

lc. }It>

J;;dj'l.

Ver+ico1

ElectriecJ
Dipole

I
F\~. PI.2-49.

EH _5
> _~

.+

Dipole / ____/

Electl'"ic.A
S..

Hot-lZOhial

r Elechk p

Condud:or

Eo ,jJo

.'

E:.tt~
free-sp4ce

Vertlc~ electric dipole. in an unboltTldecl

~bir)et's

pHl'lcipie. ~1I6.lel'lt&.

256

12-50 .E ::-Eo'

o..x

r.

(-.bi~<: \1. .(

_ ~")( < 0./.2.

b;....

Q:::: (

O.lA

b""osA

x:

!.2.

X -::..-ka..s '[)e .Cos »: ( n<

~ Sm6
'$'tnflJ

)'(:::.

<A.

6.

At

JS::: ~o

';f-e- pia'r1e.)
0(

I Eece) [At
'(

)6=?o~

-'7

-cero

X ~a ~
=. ~

\S:II'lX/X :::. 1

s:\ n6
(X-~
b

-+ s'lY\

Y/ I

c.

At

6=10° [E& (~) 1_

At

plune)

cc .! CaS ¢. s~X .

e -90

=. O.I"I[·

coS'¢

.s~r

At

(I;. 0"

y== ~'S'nf C)(- c plane)

oC

I fE}OCS) I
At

At y)=' DO

l0 I

~ ~ero
S'tY1

e.

¢.::9oo,

Ii:~(Q)

(¥-~ plane)
=c

At~.=Yoo

cese

y,,= ]: sl Y) e .
~ plo.Y1e)
-0.:: (

'(

1.

At

6:::?oo (x(Ef6 (.0) IAt

6=Yoo

-'>

~ero

(Cent

II1U

eJ )

257

12-5 0 .cCo~tld) {Ea (8) (c:<: x

%=/
(

1. ~

~o
___
0

..:=...0+-

IE?(~)I~o
}lJ
=-0
0

I Ej6 (.0)1

e =10"

-,

258

12-51.

Refen-"l:)
lbop

to

l= iJ' 5 - 11

= IOO-jIOO

A((o'('qi"j to Bc.binet's Principle

ie·ls
'7

=lSlot'

lkoop
i

=t'"

z::stot ZSlr.-b=

=-

0:".

-Cl.oor

..

::::((37.?').t I .~ /'

IOO-jIOD

.. 1_

fJ7'1/"_

141'4.2L-4S0

~_j

::. <ol.2.7i4S0 17'1.65+JI7'7.65

12-52.
frOM.

50..
(12-

=:

clj E~(os(
IT"

-!l:)

f.=o
fj =

E. .

S¥~ r""'. t
-b/~-o../1.

1130..)o,net Ci.2-113b)
Cos

(0. x.:) e

j«(x/&llje(osJ1+~'sinesi"",e)

dZ/cl~"

=. ED

f'r>/:I. ej-Rt &inaslVI,(t

-b/'J..

[o./z cos( ~ ~~)e) «(:c:ls.~ecos:¢) 01 ;c/cl(1

-0/,,-

(" fCOSAX' eB..(~;(

=-

\.

L fO{1..

eB~(tKoSAX: + Ash,llx) ) A::"+ 13 L

_"f~COS o:"{·e

"11"",

14(..(1si~e(lls%

q;( -

1_

.!.....

z 0.. X 2._ (£):1..

C'oSX

v__. ,4.slt'l6CbSJ7 . ~C
f\
0&0 /

J).:::: s, (_!Clb).~~s(~)~. Sly

" " -me a.e a.nd. 0..0 COl'llpoYl~nt of

X -;:~~Si~CbS%
Co.,!,)

y= kb s~e-slnp'

E -field
X"-(~J~··
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