1.

Programming Preliminaries
1.1 Higher level programming Language For Computers

The flow chart is an aid to the programmer to plan his strategy to solve a problem. It cannot be directly interpreted by a computer. A computer can interpret and execute a set of coded functions called machine language instructions. Let the operation code be 0110 and its memory location code be 10001110. Here 0110 is an operation code to load into a storage register in CPU an operand from location 10001110 in memory. Let the operation code be 0111 and its memory location code is 10001111. Now, the operation code 0111 instructs the computer to add the contents of memory location 10001111 to the contents of the storage register. Fortunately, it is not necessary to write programs in machine language any more. Computer programs may be written in a host of high level programming language. The instructions in a high level programming language are not coded numbers. They resemble ordinary English statements. Further, it is not necessary to refer to numerical memory addresses. Symbolic names may be used to label memory locations. Thus high level programming

language is an elaborate computer program which translates it in to machine language. This translating program is called a Complier or a Language Processor. The resulting machine language program is called object program and the original program written in the high level programming language is called the source program.