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H ng d n th c hnh Bi 3: Giao th c Routing EIGRP

1. Gi i thi u giao th c EIGRP

1.1 Gi i thi u EIGRP l giao th c Routing c quy n c a Cisco, c cc tnh ch t: nh tuy n c mang thng tin

Ho t ng d i d ng Classcless, cc gi tin subnet mask. Khng s thay

u n g i gi tin nh tuy n m i 30s (nh giao th c Rip), ch khi c i trn m ng thng tin update m i c truy n i.

Metric c tnh d a trn 4 y u t : o Bandwidth: bng thng c a m ng o Delay: tr c a cc gi tin tin c y c a ng truyn (s gi tin b m t, h ng). Tnh tin c y t th p n cao)

o Reliability: t 0->255 (

o Load: T i hi n t i c a ng truy n. Tnh t 0->255 Hnh v d v cc y u t tnh Metric c a ng i:

Usec = 1 ph n tri u c a giy

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Cng th c tnh Metric nh sau:

Lu ta c th t thay

i Metric c a ng i b ng l nh "metric weights":

Bandwidth: Tnh theo bandwidth th p nh t trn ng i Calculated BW = reference BW / lowest BW (kbps) Delay: T ng cc delay trn ng i Calculated Delay = the sum of outgoing interface delays EIGRP Metric = calculated BW + calculated Delay

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1.2 Cc lo i gi tin EIGRP s d ng: EIGRP s d ng 3 lo i gi tin sau y: Gi Hello: dng pht hi n cc Router ln c n cng ch y EIGRP v duy tr m i quan h v i cc Router ny. Router khng u ng g i b ng nh tuy n cho nhau m ch dng gi Hello duy tr quan h Gi Update v ACK: Dng Update cc thng tin cho cc Router khc khi m ng c s thay i. Khi nh n c gi Update, cc Routers c yu c u ph i g i l i gi tin ACK xc nh n nh n c. Gi Request v Reply: Dng cho thu t ton DUAL, khi m t Router b m t ng i n 1 m ng, s dng gi request h i cc Router ln c n. Gi reply dng tr l i cc gi Request 1.3 Cch c u hnh EIGRP c u hnh giao th c EIGRP, ta lm cc b c sau: B1: Router(config)# router eigrp {AS-number} V i AS-number l con s c a khu v c t tr , c th hi u l 1 khu v c dng chung cc giao th c v do cng 1 Admin qu n l. V d ta s d ng con s b t k (100):
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Router(config)# router eigrp 100

Ch : M i con s AS ph i gi ng nhau khi c u hnh trn t t c cc Router thu c m hnh.

B2: Ta g a ch c a cc ng m ng c n Routing vo. C 2 cch g:

C1: G tng t nh cc ng m ng trong RIP. C2: S d ng Wildcard mask: Wildcard c th xem nh l 1 d ng vi t ng c c a subnet mask, khi "quan tm" n 1 bit no , ta s set bit b ng 0, v ng c l i cc bit khng quan tm ta set b ng 1. V d : Network 192.168.1.0/24 c subnet mask l 255.255.255.0 => Wildcard mask c a network ny l 0.0.0.255 Cch tnh nhanh: l y 255.255.255.255 tr i subnet mask c a m ng

V d ta Routing cho m ng 172.16.20.0/28: Router(config)# router eigrp 100 Router(config-router)# net 172.16.20.0 0.0.0.15

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2. Bi lab minh h a
2.1 M hnh

Lu : Cc a ch Lo l cc m ng. a ch IP, ngoi ra m i a ch khc u l a ch ng

V i bi lab ny, ta dng cc Router 3640 Card m ng c a cc Router c thi t l p nh sau:

th c hnh

2.2 C u hnh IP cho cc Router Ch : t l nh Clock rate cho 1 trong 2 u k t n i Serial.

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R1:

R2:

R3:

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R4:

2.3 C u hnh Routing EIGRP R1: C u hnh Routing cho t t c ng m ng

R2: C u hnh Routing cho t t c

ng m ng

R3: C u hnh Routing cho cc ng m ng ngo i tr

ng n i v i R4 (172.29.17.0)

R4: T m th i cha c u hnh Routing, ta s c u hnh Static Route trn R4 sau.

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2.4 Tinh ch nh auto-summary Ta xem b ng nh tuy n c a R2:

Ch : c s xu t hi n c a ng m ng 10.0.0.0/8, y l ng m ng b tm t t. V y, m c nh EIGRP cng t tm t t ng i khi i qua cc Major network khc. Tuy nhin ta c th t t tnh nng ny b ng cu l nh "no auto-summary" (trn t t c cc Router R1, R2, R3)

Sau khi t t tnh nng ny i, b ng

nh tuy t c a cc Router th hi n ng :

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B ng

nh tuy n c a R1:

2.5 Tinh ch nh LoadBalancing Ta th y, theo b ng nh tuy n c a R1, c 2 ng i t i ng m ng 10.0.0.64/26 (c ng Lo c a R2). Th t v y, v R1 n i v i R2 b ng 2 ng (S0/0 v S0/1) nn c i u x y ra. 2 ng i ny c Metric b ng nhau (2809865) Tuy nhin, EIGRP c kh nng loadbalancing trn c nh ng ng i khng cng metric. Ta can thip thay i metric c a 2 ng i ny b ng cu l nh bandwidth:

ho t Lu : Cu l nh BandWidth hon ton khng c kh nng lm thay i t c n c a c ng ( y l ch c nng c a cu l nh clock rate). Cu l nh ny ch c ch c nng bo hi u cho cc phng th c nh tuy t t c c a c ng (v cc thi t b khng th t detect chnh xc t c trn c ng serial), nh m tnh ton metric chnh xc hn. M c nh cc giao th c nh EIGRP xem c ng serial ho t ng t c 1,5Mbps Bo cho EIGRP bi t c ng s0/0 ho t ng t c 64Kbps

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Bo cho EIGRP bi t c ng s0/1 ho t

ng

t c

128Kbps

Ta lm tng t cho c ng s0/0 v s0/2 c a R2

Lc ny Router 1 ch ch n ng s0/1

n Router 2 (Do c bandwitdh l n hn)

Mu n R1 i c 2 con ng (m c d khc Metric), ta dng l nh Variance:

Cu l nh ny c ngha: b t k con ng no c (Metric/Metric ng i t t nh t)<=2 cng s ng ch n phn ph i t i.

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Ngay l p tc, c ng S0/0 c a R1 c a tr vo l i b ng

nh tuy n:

Ta cng lm tng t cho R2. Sinh vin t tm hi u thm cc cu l nh: show ip protocols show ip eigrp neighbors show ip eigrp interfaces 2.6 Tnh nng Passive Interface Tr c tin ta b t Routing ng m ng 172.29.17.0/24 c a Router R3 ln:

V R4 khng s d ng chung AS 100 v i cc Router R1,R2,R3, nn trnh ti t l thng tin Routing, ta c n b t tnh nng passive-interface khng cho cc gi tin EIGRP i ra c ng f1/0 c a R3

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2.7 C u hnh cho R4 thng t i cc router khc b ng Static Route v Redistribute Ta t thm trn R4 1 c ng Lo0: 192.168.1.1/24

C u hnh Static Route cho R3 t i ng m ng loopback c a R4

Redistribute cho cc R1 v R2 b ng cu l nh Redistribute static metric [Bandwidth] [Delay] [Reliability] [Load] [MTU] Cc tham s ny khng c n ph i g th t chnh xc, ch c n nh p vo sinh Metric ph h p i v i ng static c chn vo EIGRP ny. EIGRP pht

Ngay l p t c R1 v R2 h c c ng i R3

n m ng 192.168.1.0/24 c a R4, thng qua

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Lu : AD c a ng redistribute trong EIGRP b n a. Ta c u hnh Routing tnh Default Route

y ln thnh 170, khng cn l 90

R4 thng v i ton b m ng AS 100 cn l i:

Bi lab hon thnh

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3. Bi t p tu n 3
Thi t l p m hnh m ng sau y:

V i: X l 2 ch s cu i cng c a MSSV: V d 1011076 th X = 76 Cc a ch Loopback cho trong hnh l a ch IP, sinh vin khng c n thm ch s IP cho cc a ch ny. M i a ch khc u l a ch ng m ng. Yu c u: C u hnh cho t t c cc Router v Cloud thng nhau

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R1, R2, R3 c u hnh EIGRP v i tham s AS = 3 ch s cu i c a MSSV R4 c u hnh Static Route Ch : Th c hi n passive interface trn c ng n i ra R4 c a Router R2

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