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http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com LU TRI I. CC VT DNG CN THIT DNG LU: 1. Tm lu : thng lm bng nilong, m, vi hoc cht liu khc. Hnh dng lu bao gicng phi l vung, hnh ch nht.Cng dng: che nng, gi, ma... nn tm lu c lm mi che cho bn. 2. Tm tri: dng tri di t ngi, vt dng khi i tri 3. Gy lu: c th s dng st hoc g hay tm vng t 1,6 - 1,8 m. 4. Cc lu :thng bng st, g, inh...ng t cng th dng cc st di 20 - 30 cm,t ct,mm... nn dng cc g 30 - 40 cm,nn xi mng th dng inh t 10 -15 cm. 5. Dy lu : dy nilon, dy m, dy d,.. S lng dy cn 6 dy: 2 dy chnh mi dy 3m -4m, cn li 4 dy ph mi dy di 1m5. 6. Ba: l vt dng ph nhng rt cn thit.Cng dng dng ng cc xung t, dng cht cy lm cc g, cc vt dng cho th cng tri, dn t pht quang 7. Cuc, xng: dn mt bng tri, o rnh thot nc h x, h rc, dn c khu vc tri... nn s dng loi cuc a dng II. TRNH T DNG V THO LU: 1. Dn t:- Nu t tri khng nh mun th ta phi dn v sinh, pht quang cy c, nht si, git bcnh cy mc gn lu...trc khi dng lu.- Nu t tri do ta t chn th nn chn t trit cc iu sau: + t phi bng phng, cao ro. Khng kin, khng si, khng mnh vn... + Khng qu gn cc cy cao c cnh cy mt,phi thong gi (nu h), kn gi (ng). Gn ngun nc (sui, sng) tin nu n, sinh hot. + Gn hoc c th nhn thy c lu BTC, cc lu bn, sn sinh hot, ni tp trung... Ni c ch b tr h rc, h x, nh bp thun li. 2. Chn hng lu: Suu Tam Trang 1 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Thng thng lu bt c 2 ca (tc l ni hng gy v dy chnh). Hng lu cn u tin cho cc iu sau y: + Hng lu ca BTC qui nh + Quay v hng ct c tri + Quay v lu ca BTC + Quay v sn sinh hot, lu tri.Ngoi ra ta chn hng lu trnh gi (ma ma, ma lnh) hoc n gi (ma h, ma nng). C th chn hng ng Bc Ty Nam . 3.Quy trnh dng lu: a. Tri lu: tri phng, ch hng lu , lu tm lu tri, lu mt. b. t gy: gy t thng hai u lu chiu di ca gy cng l khong cch ca cc chnh lu v chn gy. c. ng cc: 2 cc chnh ng chn gy chnh, cc cc ph ng thnh tng cp cho cn xng thng qua tm lu. Khong cch t mp lu n cc cc ph xa gn ty theo mun mp lu cao hay thp. Cc cn ng xin chiu ngc li vi lu khi ct dy ln th dy phi vung gc vi cc cc. (nn nh ch ng tm tc ng khong 2/3 cc). d. Ct dy: thng thng l cc loi nt: thng lng, thuyn chi,chy, b cu... u gy chnh ct nt thuyn chi , mp lu ct nt thng lng hay th dt , cc ct nt chy hay b cu . e . Dng lu : a gy sao cho u gy nm nh lu, chn gy nm v tr khi t gy cho 2 cc chnh v 2 chn gy nm trn mt ng thng.Dng ng gy cho 2 chn gy vung gc vi mt t ,iu chnh cc nt dy cc cc ph ,khi lu thng cn phing cc su xung t trnh di chuyn va vp. Dy th ct cht li c kha an ton (kha sng ). 4. o rnh, v sinh, trang tr lu. a. o rnh: nu i tri vo ma ma cn o rnh thot nc xung quanh lu, h chc nc, be b lu, p nn lu... Rnh lu nn o ni nc ma theo mi lu chy xung, cc rnh phi thng nhau v c dn n h cha, t o ln dng p b bn trong lu. b. V sinh: v sinh trong v ngoi lu, nh nht rc, pht quang cy c chung quanh ra khong 3 m, cc cnh cy trn nh lu trnh rn vo ban m, trnh st... Suu Tam Trang 2 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com c. Trang tr: rt cn thit trong thi ua th cng tri. Cn phi lm vng ro, hng ro, cng tri, tn tri, bp tri... va p, hay va trnh c ngi l vo lu ca mnh. 5. H lu, xung lu: a. H lu: nn lm theo cc bc:+ H gy ( m dy cc v dy lu)+ M dy (gm li mt ch trnh tht lc)+ Nh cc (m dy no th phi nh cc trnh b b qun mt cc) b. Xung lu:- Nn c 2 ngi nm nh lu (ni u gy) gi cao ln, r cho sch rc, bi...- Dng tay cn li nm khong cch lu theo chiu ng nhp i lu li ln na v cth cho n khi va .- Cun lu li bng cch nhp i 2 gc ang cm vo gia, tip tc cho n khi xong (cc mp lu phi c gi vo trong di chuyn khng b bung ra va xu, va khng an ton). III. CC TNH HUNG CN X L: Nu lu b chng do lu qu c, do ma t khc phc bng: lm thm gy ph, tng lc cc dy chnh v cc dy ph.Khi dng lu ct dy

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phi ct nt sng d tho dy, nu cn d phi thc gn li cho p, khng vng. cc dng trong lu phi b tr theo quinh. Th d: dng cc nhn phi xung quanh lu c khong trng cho sinh hot, hi hp, ngh, ng,... giy dp phi bn ngoi trnh bi, mi hi cho lu...Mt s iu cn trnh: + Khng nu v n trong lu ( phng kin vo ban m). + Khng phi qun o, khn... trn cc dy lu... s lm cho lu nhanh b chng v rt mt thm m.Suu Tam Trang 3 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 4 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com CNG TRI Cng tri l b mt ca mt tiu tri. Do chng ta phi u t chu o cho cng tri. Mi cng tri l mt s sng to ca chng ta. Tuy nhin s sng to ny cng phi c khun kh ca n. Vt dng lm tri khng nn qu cu k v t tin, nn chon vt dng bng tre na, g . Sau y l mt s mu cng tri cho cc bn tham kho. Suu Tam Trang 5 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 6 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 7 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 8 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 9 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 10 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 11 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 12 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 13

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14. http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com CCH S DNG DY CT V KT NI CC PHN

CA TRI Khi cm tri cc em phi s dng n cc loi dy ct v kt ni cc phn ca tri. Nu s dng khng ng cch th nhn n rt xu v c bit l khng chc chn. Sau y l cc cch s dng dy ct v tht nt. 1. NT CHU N. - Khng cho mt u dy chui qua mt l nh. - Dng lm im ta ko mt vt. 2. NT CHU KP. - Cng dng ging nt chu n nhng chc chn hn Suu Tam Trang 14 15. http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com 3. NT S 8. - Ging nh nt chu n, nhng do c xon thm mt vng nn chc chn hn. - Dng lm thang dy. 4. NT CHN CH - Dng thu dy - Nt chn ch cn gip ta lp i mt ch sn gia ca thn dy. 5. NT M CHIM. Suu Tam Trang 15

16. http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com - Dng ni tht nhanh 2 u dy mm. Rt chc chn

nhng kh tho 6. NT THNG LNG - Dng bt sc vt, neo dy vo mt khoen st hoc buc sit mt vt. c ng bi L Trn Ng V lc 5/13/2008 04:35:00 CH Nhn: Nt dy 0 nhn xt B nt ni 7. NT DT. - L nt ni thng dng nht th gii. - Dng ni hai u dy c tit din bng nhau Suu Tam Trang 16 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com - Dng buc , gi hng, buc kt thc dy bng cu thng. 8. NT B - Do cch lm sai ca nt Dt - Dng buc dy km gai hng ro. 9. NT TH DT. - Dng ni ch dt, ni 2 u dy khng bng nhau. - Dng buc gc mi lu c may sn vng dy vi. TH DT KHA SNG 10. NT NI CH CU. Suu Tam Trang 17 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com - Dng ni ch cu, ni 2 u dy trn bng nhau. - Dng ko mn sn khu hay rp ht. NI CH CU KHA SNG 11. CARICK N CARICK KP Suu Tam Trang 18 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com - Dng ni 2 u dy bng nhau B nt " Neo treo ko " 12. NT CHY. ( Cng lu ). - c s dng thng xuyn nht cho nhng gc lu vi cc nh. Trng hp dy ngn vn lm c. 13. NT THUYN CHI. - Dng neo thuyn vo cc trn b, dng buc u gy lu. - Khi u cho tt c cc nt rp ni cy. Suu Tam Trang 19 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com 14. NT B CU ( Cng lu ).- Khi cn tng lu mt cng ti a m ch c mt ngi lm, ta nn thc hin nt ny. - Thng th vi gy chnh ca sng

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lu, ta dng nt ny buc vo cc chnh. 15. NT KO G. - Dng ko g, chc nng xit nh nt thng lng. - ng dng cng dy phi hoc mc vng vo thn cy. 16. NT SN CA. Suu Tam Trang 20 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com - Dng treo phn gia dy ln mt x ngang hoc buc xit mt b ci ln ko i. 17. NT GH N. ( Nt cp cu ) - Dng ko mt ngi t di su ln hay th mt ngi t trn cao xung. - Cng dng ging nt gh n B nt trang tr 18. NT CHN NGNG Suu Tam Trang 21 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Sau khi s dng nt chy xong m cn d dy nhiu th ta lm nt chn ngng cho dy nm gn dc theo thn dy. 19. NT MC XCH Dng thu ngn dy, trang tr dy eo. L s kt hp ca nhiu nt thng lng. 20. NT HOA AN 21. HOA AN 3 CNH Suu Tam Trang 22 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com 22. HOA AN 4 CNH NT CC O NHT BN Suu Tam Trang 23 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com B nt " Ghp ni " 23. NT VN NGN ( rp cy dc ) Dng rp 2 cy ngn thnh 1 cy di theo chiu dc. Cch1 : Khi u bng nt thuyn chi Cch 2 : Khi u bng nt thng lng 24. NT VN DI Suu Tam Trang 24 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com 25. RP CY CH THP. - Dng rp 2 cy theo th vung gc vi nhau ging hnh ch thp. - Khi u bng nt thuyn chi, hoc thng lng. 26. RP CY CH NHN.- Dng rp 2 cy cho nhau hoc rp 2 cy vung gc vi nhau nhng cch ct nt theo hnh cho ch nhn. - Khi u bng nt thuyn chi, hoc thng lng. 27. RP CHC BA. Suu Tam Trang 25 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com - Dng rp 3 cy bng nhau li thnh mt king 3 chn. Khi u bng nt thuyn chi, hoc thng lng. - Khi lm th cng tri th nt chc ba l nt rt thng gp. 28. BN VN SN 29. GH XCH U Suu Tam Trang 26 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 27 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Tin nghi ti tri I. Khi qut: Trong nhng hot ng ngoi tri vi ngy nh : i cm tri, thm du, thm him th thcng tri l mt phn khng th thiu, v n gip cho chng ta c c nhng tin nghi trong cuc sng ngoi tri tht d chu, thoi mi v l th. V d nh chng ta mun c mt gi chn chn a kh ro hay mun c mt gh da ngh ngi th lc ny, bng nhng vt dng thin nhin v vt dng sn c th ta c thto ra c nhng th trn hoc nhng th khc m chng ta mun. Th nhng to ra nhng th cng tri y th chng ta phi c c k nng nht nh sao cho mt th cng tri m chng ta to ra phi t yu cu l chc chn v tin dng ch khng phi trin lm. Nhng vt dng dng lm th cng tri nh: Tre, tm vong, cy gII. Vt liu: 1. Vt liu n gin :- Tu theo iu kin thc t ni cm tri ca chng ta: Nhnh cy, thm , ng tre, lon sa,..T ta c th thc hin cc th cng tri n gin. VD: lm gh ngi hoc k nu cm; nhnh cy to cng tri ch qut rc.. 2. Vt liu c bn:- Gy, dy.. c nhiu kch c khc nhau. D thc hin cc vt dng tu theo yu cu sdng. VD : lm gh ngi, lm bn n.. III. Phn loi: c nhiu cch 1. Theo cng dng:Trang tr: cng tri, ct c, hng ro,..- i sng: lu treo ,lu sn, bp v cc phng tin khc.Gii tr: xch u, cu treo, bp bnh.. 2.Theo qui m thc hin: Suu Tam Trang 28 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com- n gin: s dng vt liu tn dng bng s suy ngh, sng to, gia cng khng tn nhiu cng sc v nhiu ngi. VD: ly gch nu cm, lm h cha nc, h rc..- Phc tp: l nhng vt dng c yu cu cao v m thut, k thut, thi gian, s lng, ngi thi cngVD: lu lin hp , cng tri khi. 3.Theo hnh dng:- Mt phng: v d ging ng, bng ca, b sng..- Khi 4 mt: v d nh sn, nh v sinh, ct c di ng..- Khi vung, ch nht: v d bn hp, bn n, cng tri.. IV. Cc bc thc hin mt vt dng th cng tri: 1. Cc bc thc hin:- V thit k: v tng th ri v chi tit tng b phn.- Tnh ton v ln bng k vt dng: vt dng no cn thit u tin.- Chun b vt liu.- Phn cng chi tit tng b phn thc hin.- Rp

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tng th cc chi tit. 2. Mt s lu khc:- Rp mt ng trc, mt ngang sau.- B sung k thut: y cc eke chu cc gc vung.- Mt chn phi t yu cu ph hp vi vt dng.- S dng k thut nt dy ng chv chnh xc.- Th cng tri c thc hin: thi cng nhanh d tho g.Lin i gii thiu cc bn i vin mt s hnh nh m hnh ca nhng tin ngh ti tri c lm tham kho. Chc cc bn c thm c nhng t liu phc v sinh hot d ngoi ca mnh. Trong cc k tri ngoi vic dng cng v ct c th phn thc hin cc tin nghi ti tri cng kh th v. Bng nhng vt liu th s, cc bn lm nn no l gh, bn n, h nc... Suu Tam Trang 29 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 30 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 31 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 32 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 33 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 34 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 35 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 36 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 37 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 38 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 39 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 40 http://www.huynhtruong-dmhcg.com Suu Tam Trang 41