TeX in India

Looking Back, Looking Forward

Ajit Ranade
TUG 2002, Thiruvananthapuram

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September 2002

A Geographic Idea of India

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September 2002

An Economic Idea of India

Strengths
sustained growth at 6.4 for over a decade (but recent slowdown) strong export potential, current a/c deficit low healthy forex reserves low external debt low inflation regime
political consensus on reforms deepening financial sector knowledge base advantage, demographic surge
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Weaknesses
fiscal deficit high, debt gdp ratio high fiscal situation of states worse inadequate infrastructure, huge funding need unsatisfactory investment climate rising gap between rich and poor states dependence on oil imports, monsoons slowing of reforms, coalition compulsions social indicators below world average

September 2002

PPP GDP about US $2 trillion, fourth highest in the world

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

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GDP Growth Trend

GDP Growth (%)

India World

2000 2001
September 2002

High Service Sector Growth

24.8 1990-91

Agriculture 30.9

53.3

21.9

2000-01
Services 43.7
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Industry 25.4
September 2002

Indian Software Industry

accounts for about 2% of Indias GDP. In FY01, its share was 1.5% of the global market ($387 bn). In FY02, the size of the industry was Rs. 485 bn of which exports accounted for 76% and domestic software 24%. India exports software to 102 countries. An unexpected bonus of highly subsidised tech education?
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Size of Indian Software Industry (in Rs.bn)

500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0

Exports

Domestic

FY02 (in Rs. Bn): Exports 369 Dom. Market 116

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FY02 Growth Rate: Exports 30% Dom. Market 18%

September 2002

FY02 (E)

FY95

FY96

FY97

FY98

FY99

FY00

FY01

IT Enabled Services
Recently emerged as a major driver of software industry
Covers services like medical transcription, customer interaction service, data digitization, back office operations In FY02, showed 70% growth (Rs. 70 bn) Employs over 1,00,000 people Will account for 40% of all venture capital investment by end of 2002
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NASSCOM McKinsey Report 2002

Domestic Market Product and Technology Services ITES Exports

13-15

8-11
21-24 28-30
0 10 20 30 40

IT Services Exports

NASSCOM Estimates for 2008 (in $ Bn)

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TeX in India
TeX Users Groups of India is 5 years old Possibly the biggest TUG (?) All 13 Indic scripts can be typeset in TeX (but only 10 of 5000 fonts free) an estimated 8000 people work diectly on TeX for their livelihood Research and font development work almost totally done outside India in the past only one widely used TeX package done in India (pdfscreen)
TUG2002 September 2002

TeX and Scientific Publishing

Market concentrated, estimated value US $15bn Elsevier share about 40% total exports from Indian vendors for publishing as a whole is US$ 100m, doubled in 3 years Scientific publishing much smaller part Training is a main bottleneck TeX may be loosing to newer technologies
TUG2002 September 2002

Some TeX India case studies

Universities, research institutes Medialab Asia, Homi Bhabha Centre Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy TechBooks M.G. Antarrashtrira Hindi Vishwavidyalaya Focal Image India MacMillan, Thompson Press
September 2002

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Indian Readership

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September 2002

Readership Surveys
Sources NRS and IRS growth more than 10%, high in the Hindi belt 180 m readers, Kerala 70%, Bihar 15% average exposure only 16 minutes to media Dainik Bhasker, Jagran now largest dailies readership of dailies growth faster than literacy growth during 1999-2002 48% readership in 6 lakh villages
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Outlook for Readership

major book producing country greatest English language book buying potential in the world growing literacy, edu institutions, and purchasing power 248 m adults are literate but do not read any publication. FY03 may see a 20-25% sales growth in publishing

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September 2002

TeX in India: Looking Ahead

Increasing marketshare in publishing, higher billing rates and volumes Catering to domestic publishing demand technical documents in Indian languages standardised encoding for all Indic scripts Prof. Vidysagarss vision - right-click on a ps file to transliterate in any Indian font Open Type fonts for all Indic scripts TeX development from India
TUG2002 September 2002

TeX in India: Looking Ahead (contd)

Marriage of Unix/Linux localisation with TeX, also merge into Indic-computing effort same language subtitling e-books, simputer, text-to-speech training and outreach (the travelling TUG secretariat, summer schools) leveraging open-source (a la sunshine and solar devices)
TUG2002 September 2002