13

13.1

, : )
()
, )
/ ) - ,
.
,
, .
:

, ,
.

,

.

, ,
,
.

13-2

.
,
,
.
,
( 3 11),
.

, :
i)

ii)

,

(, ) .

iii)

,
.

iv)

,
.

v)

,
,
.

13.2

, .
( ), ,
(.. ).
, ,
.
13.2.1

( )

 13-

13-3

,
, 1990. ,

(ICBO, 1997, FIB-TG 9.3, 2001 ACI Committee 440, 2002),
.

Mirmiran and Shahawy (1997), Spoelstra and
Monti (1999), Toutanji (1999), Vintzeleou (2001), Fam and Rizkalla (2001), Xiao and
Wu (2000), Moran and Pantelides (2002), Mukherjee et al. (2004) Marques et al.
(2004).
(.. Mander et al., 1983,
Saadatmanesh et al., 1994, Samaan et al., 1998, Harries and

Kharel,

2003),

:
, , ,
, ,
, .

(fc-c)
13.1 (. 13.1):
fc =

(E1 E 2 ) c
1/ n

(E E ) n
2
c
1 + 1

f

o

+ E2

f cu' = f c + 6.0f r0.7[MPa]

fr =

2f j t j
D

E1 = 3950 f c'
E 2 = 245.6f c' 0.2 +1.3456

E jt f

D
f o = 0.872f + 0.371f r + 6.258[ MPa]
'
c

f cu' f o
cu =
E2
n = 1.50

(13.1)

13-4

: fc , c (MPa, mm/mm),
fr

(MPa),

fj

(MPa),

fc

(MPa),

Ej

(MPa),
(m),

(m).

tf

13.1
(Samaan et al., 1998).
(Seible et al., 1997, Pessiki et al., 2001, Wang and
Restrepo, 2001) ,
.
13.2.2


(, ,
). ,
Bonacci and Maalej (2001), Bousselham and Chaallal (2004), Triantafyllou and
Antonopoulos (2000),
(

 13-

13-5

,
,
).
Bencardino et al. (2002),
Pellegrino and Modena (2002), Vougioukas et al. (2005), Chaalal and Shahawy
(2000), Bousias et al. (2004) Iacobucci et al. (2003).
13.2.3

,
,
(Findik and Tarim, 2003, Walley et al., 2004, Ochola et al., 2004),
(Muszynski and Purcell, 2003, Her

and

Liang, 2004, Naik and Shrirao, 2004),

. ,

Kevlar (Erki and Meier 1999, Tang
and Saadatmanesh 2003).

,
. ,
.

.
,
.

,
, . ,

.
,
,

13-6

. ,
,
, .
13.3

13.3.1
,
.
,
( ) ,
. , ,
(, , ,
), , ,
.
,
,

,
/ .

,
,
.
-

, .
, , ,
.
,
,
. ,
,

 13-

13-7

(Harajli et al., 2002)

(Chen et al. 1995 Padmarajaiah and
Ramaswamy, 2002).
13.3.2
RILEM 162-TDF
(RILEM, 2003),
feq ( )
fR ( ), :
f
3 D BZ , 2 L
f eq , 2 =
2
2 0.50 bh sp

f
3 D BZ , 3 L
f eq , 3 =
2
2 2.50 bh sp

(13.2)
f R ,1 =

3 FR ,1 L
2
2 bh sp

f R ,4 =

3 FR , 4 L
2
2 bh sp

(13.2)
,
( ),

( 13.2), (Barros et al.
2005).

()

13-8

()

13.2
RILEM 162-TDF.
13.3.3
Lok and Xiao (1999)

2 (1992-1, 2002), .
13.3, (. 13.3),
cu 0.0038,
(13.4-):
2

f
= 2
fc
co

co

f = fc

co cu

f
= 2
ft
to

to

co

(13.3)

0 to

f f tu to

= 1 1
f t
f t t1 to
f = f tu

(13.3)

, to t1

t1 tu

(13.4)

(13.4)
(13.4)

:
fc , , cu

(2000),
30. MPa fc 50. MPa,

ft

,
(MPa),

to

 13-

13-9

ftu

(MPa),

t1

:
f tu =Vf d L / d

t1 =d

(13.5)

L 1
d Es

(13.5)

Vf ,
0.5% Vf 2.%, d
(MPa), 3.0 MPa d 7. MPa, Es
(MPa) L/d
, 30 L/d 100.

,
0.405 0.50 .

13.3 (Lok and Xiao,

1999).
13.3.4


,

13-10

. ,
, () , ,
. ,
,
Poisson.

Ramesh et al. (2003).
, Mander et al. (1988) (.
3), 13.6.
Ci,
(RI),
,
( ). :

A1

f
o
=
f cu

1.0 + B1

+ C1

o
o

(13.6)
:
1 = 2.1128, 1 = 0.1128, C1 = 1.0

1 = 1.6333, 1 = -0.3666, C1 = 1.0

>

fcu (MPa)
:
fcu = (1+0.55 Ci)(1.0228+0.1024 (RI))
= (1+5.2 Ci)(0.99+0.2204 (RI))(0.002),
:
Ci = (b-bb)(fv/fc) (b/s)1/2
b

bb

 13-

13-11

1.5 b,
b

(mm),

(mm),

fv= Es v (MPa), Es

(MPa)

0.0015+0.00067(b-bb)(b/s)1/2 .
fc

(MPa).

13.6 :

0.5, 75.

20 25 MPa, N/T 0.55

0.50, .

(RI) 0.0 2.96.

,

cc,t ( 10).
13.3.5 SIFCON SIMCON
, ,
. ,
(SIFCON),
, (SIMCON) (Bayasi and Zeng, 1997).
,
,
.
( 13.4)
SIMCON , ,
0.5-1.0% .
,
.
,

13-12

,
.
13.3.6

,
,
.
Pantazopoulou and Zanganeh (2001)
.
,
, (

(MPa)

, 25mm 1mm, ),

(MPa)

(0.01mm)

(mm)

13-13

(MPa)

13-

(mm)

13.4 ) )
SIFCON )
SIMCON.

, ,
.
58 MPa ( , /
0.45, 660 Kg/m3).

-,
,
. ,
,
.

13-14

13.5

() -

), ()

).

(SFHSC, HSC

(SFHSC, HSC

Xiaobin Lu et al. (2006),

, .
1.0% ,
0.5 mm 60.
70 MPa. ( 13.5-) ,
,
,
.
, ,
.
(. 13.3.8),
,
.
, Xiao Dong Hu et al. (2003)
13.6 ,

( (iv) 3).
,
.

 13-

13-15

:

0 . 5 % . .
1 . 0 % . .
1 . 5 % . .

13.6
(Xiao Dong Hu et al.
2003).
13.3.7
Lok and Zhao (2004)
Hopkinson.

20 100 s-1. , ,

,


. ,
,
50 s-1, , ,
,
.
Song et al.
(2005). ,
150/300 mm, 3.5mm
1% . ,
40. 28 66 MPa
(HSC) 76 MPa (, HSFRC). ACI

13-16

Committee 544 (Measurement of Properties of Fiber Reinforced

Concrete)
, .
HSFRC HSC,
390%,
420%. ,
.
13.3.8

Wang et al. (1996)

, .
, (30mm)
(50mm), 0.25% - 1.50%, .
102/102/356 mm,
10mm / 0.40.
,

.
,
, .
.
,
0.5% 0.75% ( ),
143%
.
:
,
, ,
,
.
Dancygier A.N. and Yankelevsky (1996)
(35 MPa) (110

 13-

13-17

MPa) , , ,
.
, 120 gr
85 230 m/s.
:

, ,
,
,

,
.

13.7.

(mm)

.
.
..
5

(m/sec)

13.7
(Dancygier and Yankelevsky, 1996).
(116
MPa 28 ) (72

13-18

MPa) , Luo et al. (2000).

, 300 mm,
400x400mm 500x500mm . ,
, 31 21 mm,
365 380 m/s.
. ,

,
.


, .
Zhang et al. (2005)
12.6mm 700 m/s
45 235 MPa.
().
/ ( 0.18) ,
10mm.
. , 150
MPa, ,

( 13.8).

 13-

13-19

( m m )

U S A S E
(V = 6 0 0 m /s e c )
U S A S E
(V = 7 0 0 m /s e c )
. N D R C
(V = 6 0 0 m /s e c )
. N D R C
(V = 7 0 0 m /s e c )

( M P a )

13.8
(Zhang et al., 2005)

,
P. ,
,
100 MPa
.
, Dancygier et al. (2007)
800/800/200 mm,
.
, 49mm, 120 gr
85 230 m/s.
40 MPa ( 22mm,
290 kg/m3), 8/200 8/100 .
:

( 120 MPa ,
, 100 MPa),

, 30 mm 60 mm (
60 67, )

13-20

: (
8/100mm 8/50mm ),
(4 6/100mm), .

, :
i)

,
,
. ,
,

.
, fc,
. ,
.

, ,
.

ii)

,
.

iii)

,
.
.

iv)

( )
,
, .

,

.

 13-

13-21

,

Hughes and Al-Dafiry (1995), lmansa and Cnovas (1999),
Nataraja (1999) Banthia et al. (2006).
,

.

. ,
,
,
.