Navu Prabhat

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Lkwt
kk
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yk{ w kkLk {U
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kh
: - : - : - :
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u {kunkk Lknet fhku

ku Sku Lknet
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
I dedicate
this
: - :
-
:book
- :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - to
SPRAT
: DO NOTuniversal
COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
that grand,
emotion,
that
spirit,
: - : - : - :
which is commonly referred to as
: - : : - :
LOVE
: - : - : - :
Those
that
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- dont
SPRAT love
: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
dont live
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt kk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
{wMk{kLkkU fu ru
uk, EMkn ykih kk{eh fe
kwho yke
:
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
ku Mkwn k u hkk fk k{k Lkk fhu!
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
{ku.nMkLk unh
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: - : - : - :
{wMkrLLkV fe nkrk Wwo rfkkk
rkkku-Lk
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SPRAT : DO NOT
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: DO
fk COPY
kwshkke
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khNOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
fkf
: : - : - :
:
MkkuMkkExe Vkuh ku{kurxtk huLkkrxe
Mux -
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hksLkkh
Bku
k, LkkhkLkkh
z, kkze,
y{kk
- 380007
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY fku
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:
:
xurVku
Lk Lkt. :079-266
236 55
/ 66
/ 77 : - :
E {u : khitab@sprat.in uk : www.sprat.in
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
NAVU PRABHAT
: - : - : - :
SPRAT An
: DO NOT
COPY - for
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Appeal
Muslim
Introspection
and
Reform
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
What is a morning, if not the end of the

SPRAT night?
: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
:
: - : - :
M Hasan
Jowher
: - : - : - :
SPRAT :Gujarati
DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT of
: DO
COPY -recent
SPRAT
: DObook
transliteration
theNOT
authors
Urdu
: - : - : - :
KHITAB-E-NAU
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
by:- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT Published
: DO NOT COPY
:
- : - : - :
SPRAT
SPRAT Society
: DO NOTfor
COPY
- SPRATRationality
: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Promoting
: - : - : - :
Rajnagar Complex, Narayan Nagar Road, Paldi, Ahmedabad 380007

Tel: 079-266 236 55 / 66 / 77
: - : - : - :
E-mail: khitab@sprat.in Web: www.sprat.in

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fet{k
`100
kkk- : 3000
: fw
- : - :
SPRAT : DOMkku
NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT 2011
COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Rkyk
: - : - : - :
2011 fkf
: - : - : - :
fkukehkRx LkukrxMk
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nwfCOPY
wf {nVw-. SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DOMkkhu
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Price
`100
: - : - : - :
No. of Copies
3000
Year of Publication
2011
: - : - : - :
2011Publisher
:
: - : - :
COPYRIGHT NOTICE:
: - : - : - :
rights
reserved.
No part
of this
may
beSPRAT
reproduced
transmitted
SPRAT : DOAllNOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOTbook
COPY
-
: DO or
NOT
in any form or by any means (including photocopying, recording, or
retrieval)
without
written
permission
of the
: information
-storage
and
:

:
:
Publisher. However, no permission is required to reproduce, with due
SPRAT : DOacknowledgement,
NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY -for
the
SPRAT
: DOof
NOT
COPYand
up to three
paragraphs
purpose
citation
review.
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rkk[k
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: - : - : -
B{
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{kun
nMkLk
inh
rMkkBkh 2011
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
ku ^
: - : - : - :
: - : -PREFACE
: - :
: - : - : - :
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Table 5 - Mazaheb Aur Aabadi................................................................... 51
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Table 10 - Size ka Andaja ........................................................................ 144
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k
kfCOPY
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Mku Zu:hDO
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fkE
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ykih: DO
kk
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
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NOT COPY
. urfLk
WLnUYhk Lkn
Mku n{khu
hkLkufe.
n{khu
k Mkkhk
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:
n{
:
hk
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kukukLzk {kisw ni. WLfe ukMkkEx kh ne Mkk fwA kku hk kzk ni.
: - : - : - :
n{khk nf, n{khk rh~kk
nkt, ykk u kwA Mkfku nI fu n{U k nf ni yiMku MktkeLk Mkkkk WXkLku fk? ykkfku w:e
fhLku
:
-rfkkk
fu :{u
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:
fk?
{iLku yo
hk nf
wt kLkkk
ni fu{iLkue:
ykkfu
Mkkk yktMkw knkyu
hk rh~kk
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
ni ykkfu
MkkkCOPY
ofk,-
{uiLSPRAT
ku e fwA: DO
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yki- huSPRAT
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kwshkk
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fe
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NOTr{
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- SPRAT
DO NOT
f{ ELkk rfk fu WLfu Mkkk {iLku e yktMkw knkyu. kku {wu nf rSu fu {I fzu Mkk ykLku
ykkMku WXk ykih ykkfku WLk {U kr{ ft. ykk u e kwA Mkfku nI fu k {I keVkEz nwt,
k {I EMk kkk fk yn nwt yiMku Mkk kwALku fk? k {I w {wfB{ ELMkkLk nwt? fkE Lkn,
: - : - : - :
ykh XkuMk {kiekLkk ytk Mku t[k u kku rVh fiMku {I u kkk fun hnk nwt? u Mkk WXk hnk
SPRAT
nwt?: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
u : ni

: fu
:
{uhkyo fhLkk
fu {U
ykLkuykkfku
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nkk nwt ykih{w
u Lkk
ni EMk
Heritage
kh,
EMk
rhkMkk
kh
rsMfku
n{
Indo-Islamic
Cultural
Heritage
fn
Mkfku
. COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DOnINOT
kuneke
rhkMkk,
{w
u Lkkni uhkn
e siMku
kLkhkh rsMkLku
MkkLkfe
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: EMk{e

:
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:
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ykih {Tkn nwt {I kkrk ykih Ekk fe khe fk. {wu Lkk ni fwkwk r{Lkkh, kks {n ykih
: - : - : - :
kki kwBk kh. ykih V ni rnLwMkkLk fku {wM{kLkku fu ru nwyu ELk kkuVku kh, kh kh,
SPRAT
DO NOT
hSPRAT
DO NOT
COPYyki
-
: DOfke
NOT COPY
o SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
uh:kLke
kh, COPY
hkhu -yki
khkhu: kh,
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h SPRAT
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ykih -Ww
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kh nwt,: EMkfk
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: DO
NOT
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NOT COPYrnMMku
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
krhMk
nw
t
,
EMke
fu
k#
{w
kh
fw
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Vo
e
ykE
nku
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ni
.
yki
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fu
Lkkku
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u
Mkkkk
: - : - : - :
WXk hnk nwt. k EMfk {wu nf Lkn?
rVh {w Mku fkuE u kwAu fu k kw{ kkktu Mkki{kuMkkk, k y{e (Practicing)
: - : - : - :
{wMk{kLk nku? ykh {U EMk Mkk fk skk wt kku ykk Mkk ku u kwAUku fu k {I Mkwke nwt
SPRAT
DO NOT{ICOPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
SPRAT
NOT
-
: DO
NOT COPY
k :ry?
ykh-
u e
kkkw
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VktCOPY
nwt, kku- rVh
u kwA: DO
k yu
tkkCOPY
fu ukt
e SPRAT
nw k khu
e,
kkeke
:
:k
Mkw: V
nw kyununek,
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ykh
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nku kku
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nwt?: rfMfk
{whCOPY
e nwt.....?
fnkt Yfu:DO
kk fu
ELkCOPY
Mkk -MkkkU
fk rMkrMkk?
efk rMkrMkk?
SPRAT
DO NOT
- SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT rfhkh
COPY - fwSPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
(ku
[
khu
krfh
Lkkf
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nk
u
rSu
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t
Lkn
kkk
fu
yk
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M
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yki
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: - : - : - :
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nI
:
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WLfu
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krV?)
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kku
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kw
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t
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kzukk e fu {I fkiLk nwt? ykh {I {wM{kLk e Lk nkukk, {kunB{ nMkLk inh fu kyu {kunLk
: - : - : - :
nhe k {kEf nuLkhe swLkehe nkukk kku EMMku k Vfo kzkk? n{U yMke MkkkU Mku
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
n{khk
nkNOT
- 23COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO
:
:ni

:
WLfu
knhe
nfefkkU
Mku w
Lkk
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Mkk{Lkk
fhLkk
ni. n{U
yu
Mke{
EMku
k :fhfu
n
rLkfkLku
. (u-h:)
SPRAT : DO
NOT nI
COPY
fnu
kku kif
Mku fun: u
kk hnu
snkt - :
: - : fkrVh
urfLk Lkn fwkq kk kihe {wu.
: - : - : - :
ykEu EMk rkkk fu kunu kih {U [U snkt n{ WB{k fe {kiswk nkk fk k
SPRAT : DO
COPY hki
-
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY - t u
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: DO
NOT{UCOPY
UkuNOT
nfkEffe
Lke
{U. ykLku
EMk rkkk{u
nku: DO
n{NOT
ku COPY
fh hnu-
nI SPRAT
u n{khe
Mk{
:
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:

: {U
kwhe
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ykk
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SPRAT : DO
NOTfhU
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOTfkuCOPY
- Lkh
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: DOkkuNOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
kzkk
yki- hrVh
ykh
kfE
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ykyu
WMku COPY
n{khu -E{
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fe keV
WXku
t. nku Mkfu
kku u
Mkkkk
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fku yn{
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:
-kU

: nkeu

. :
kunkheLk yufkEkt
: - : - : - :
MkkMku kunu u kwAeu fu yiMku fkiLk Mku {wf nI rsLk{U suo i(Lke[u {wsk) wMkwMkekU
{kisw nI : (u nku Mkfu kku skk Mkkk Mkkk nkeu{U rku Eukk).
: - : - : - :
yiMku fkuLkMku {wfnI snkt n{ fh hunLkk, kMkLkk [knku nI? ykh n{U {wLkfe k
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- Ergkh
SPRAT : r{u
DO NOT
: DOnINOT
COPY
SPRAT[knU
: DO
E{ek
uLkfk
kku kuCOPY
fkiLkMku-
kkt[SPRAT
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n{ -kMkLkk
ku?NOT COPY
:
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fu : yAu

fu : s{nw
h
rfLk{w{krffu
k, ELMkkV
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(
Democratic
rights
)
Mkk
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nI
?
ykke
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fnkt
LkMkek
nI
nu
h
ekU
fku?COPY
fnktfe MknkVk,
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k kp yu
Lz ykuz
oh, fnkt
fk yrk
(ELMkkV)
khn ykk
:
uM: k,
:
kwh:e
ni, k yiMke ykke fu fhek ni?

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: - : - : - :
snkt fe yfrk minorities fku ykLku {nk kh, ykLku {Mkf kh [Lkufe kwhe
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYni-,
NOTfuCOPY
- SPRAT
ykke
yiSPRAT
Mku kkt[ :{wDO
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. : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
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: nI

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:
ku fki
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krf
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tolerance
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, Opposing
viewpoint
kku: t DO
fku Mknk
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SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY - hLku
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COPYni?- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ku
fki
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u
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: - : - :
kt
hkExM fe, MknkVekU fe, {wMkkVeLk fe, {kuykhueLk (Dissenters) fe kte{U kLkkLku fe
Ek nkrMk ni?
: - : - : - :
ykh ykkLku WLk {w{krf fe rMx kikh fhe ni kku n{ ykkMku ykk Mkk fhU. fu
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
[SPRAT
NOT fn
COPY
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NOT COPY
: DO kkkU
NOTnICOPY
k ykkfku WLk-kkt
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:
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un
hek
immigration
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n{ yki
n{khu k[u
nLkk,COPY
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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:

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ku {w{krf
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: DO
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: DO
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: - : - : - :
wt n{ EMk{e {wfkU fku Akuz fu kLkk{ {krhke {w{krf fku Lkk [knku nI.
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DO NOT
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NOTLCOPY
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disaster
relief
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: - : - : - :
k[kU
kE
fu eu
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fe NOT
kECOPY
fu ru
stke shkE{
fe Mkk
fu SPRAT
ru, kku: DO
wNOT
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: DOfeNOT
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- ,SPRAT
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: DO NOT
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k ykwke fu ftxku fu ru ykih yk{ kkih kh ELMkkrLkk fe Vkn fu ru? k ELk kte{kU
: - : - : - :
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: nI?
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:
-
:
fu
Harvard,
Oxford,
Cambridge,
MIT
. k:
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joy
rides,
amusement
park-
siMSPRAT
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uLNOT
z COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
: DO
Disneyland k MkVtk water or wind surfing k kkEf ykih {kuxh kizU, u Mkk [eu
: - : - : - :
{wM{ {w{krf {U rfkLke nI? nkt wkE siMku {w{krf {U yk fwA fwA kLke nI. wrLkk fe
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yki
:
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. : - : - :
h Mkkku
t fkMkk{Lkk
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
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: DOfnkt
NOT
: DOnINOT
SPRAT :rkzek
DO NOT COPY
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fu E{
fu Lku
niut?COPY
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? kunCOPY
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fnkt
:
:
- ,Encyclopedia
:
Mku
rLkfku
nI? rk
xurLkfk:
ykih
yuLfkoxk (Encyclopedia
Britannica
Lk he-
fhku
nit? ykkLku
rfMkeCOPY
fkrku
kukkh: {w
M{
kzek :fkDOr
Encarta)
SPRAT
: DO NOTfkiCOPY
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: DO NOT
- yi
SPRAT
DO
NOTELMkkEku
COPY - rSPRAT
NOT COPY
Mkw
L
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ni
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: - : - : - :
kuzwMko, kze-kze zeSx kEkuheMk fnkt nI? fkiLk nti ku kte{U u yks n{khu ki{kLku
SPRAT
: DO NOT k
COPY
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COPY
DO NOT COPY
standards
kLkkke
t. Lkkk:DOkkuNOT
fu COPY
k{eLku- ? SPRAT
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nit ku
ykih-
ku SPRAT
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nw
:
E ni? - : - : - :
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nI wrLkk
kunkheLk
ykih: DO
rhMkku
? COPY
MkkMku -yAu
xe.e.: DO
[uLk
SPRAT : DO NOT
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: DOfuNOT
COPYykkh
- SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
ykkfku
fki
L
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kku
nI
?
k
n{Lku
ku
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w
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,
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: - : - : - :
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fh fu y-sehk Lku ykLkk kiLkwyfk{e {wfk{ kLkkk ykih kfE fkrkuf fk{ WMkLku
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
n{khk
nkNOT
- 25COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO
:
:
h:
fu
rfk.
urfLk
kwhu kki
h kh:
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n{{skw
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nI rk.rk.Mke.,
Mke.yu
Lk.yuLk.yki
EMk khn
ekh
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fku u:DO
Lku fuNOT
ruCOPY
. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY [u
-
SPRAT
rLkk
fe
kun kheLk
rfkkkU
MkkLMk
ykih: xu
fLkku
kuS yki
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re
ke
: w:
u

kh
:
nI, k sLkh Lkkuus fu ELMkkEkurkzek nI, k ku Wwo, VkhMke, k yhke {U {kisw nI? S
Lkn, ykkfku ytkuS, uL[ ykih hrLk {U ZwtZLkk nkukk. sk n{khu kuMk rk{kh nkuku nI kku
: - : - : - :
kunkheLk yMkkk n{U fnkt r{ku nI? rfLk kh {wLknMkeh nI n{ ykLku Eks fu ru? fnkt Mku
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY -?rfMkLku
SPRAT
: DOrfu
NOTMkhkeLk
COPY -
SPRAT : DO NOTx-COPY
(LSDs)
E
(stethoscope),
ykkeNOT
nI {ki
k xkLku
ke kEkt
:
-? : - : - :
ykih MRI
ray
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOTLkk
COPY[knU
- kuSPRAT
COPY
- khkh?
SPRAT :fki
DO
ykh- n{
Mku k
k{U
kku fkiL:kDO
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ku n{khu
MkVh
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k
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Appendix
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--
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: - : - : - :
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Table 1: Feekas Qaumi Aamadani
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Hundred
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1.E+13
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(excerpts)
:
:
-
: 2009
- :
Arab
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fe yk{ fku RLkke kLkk LkMkek Lkn, ELku Yku e WLk fu kLku ku, rkk ku, rkkMk ku, hunLku
ku [o Lkn nkuku rskLku yfuu kkkorLkk {U fwkkU fu ru kkunVkU kh [o nkuku nI. kkkorLkk ku
:
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:

: kh
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NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOniNOT
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: - : - : - :
kzu yMkhytku ytk {U wt r rfk ni.(uh:)
: - : - : - :
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:
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: - : - : - :
Lkkuk ELkk{kk : n{ ykih nwe
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: - : - : - :
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DO NOT
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ykih knkuk wk fk{ fh hnu nit. y{urhfk fu {nwh Mxkuf kkufh kuhuLk kwVu Lku e ykLke kik
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: - : - : - :
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krMkh
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yu
n
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: - : - :
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x
u
Mku
kt
k
{i
kLkkU
{U
,
kt
kekU
fu
ke[.
ykh
w
r
kt
n{U
[kneU
kku
: - : - : - :
rVh: DO
kUNOT
LknCOPY
kLkkku-
n{SPRAT
W{k: kkfo
kUCOPY
Lkn -n{khu
LkMkek: DO
{U u
hu Mk{t
h -kkikkSPRAT
kkS,: DO
nkE
SPRAT
DO ?NOT
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
NOT COPY
Aktkut, kLkS stkk, kihk kEzk? rfMkLku {Lkk rfk ni n{U? ELMkkLk W{w{Lk WLne [eut fku
: - : - : - :
{Lkk fhku nI rsLnU ku nkrMk Lkn fh kkku. ykih nkrMk EMk ru Lkn fh kkku kU fu nkrMk
fhLku fu ru ku {unLkk, ku {LMkwkkut kh y{ Lkn fh kkku u Yhe nI WLkfku nkrMk fhLku fu
ru
:
. - : - : - :
sLkkk
nB{
fekfheh
:
-{nkrkh
: {ku
: - :
{wMk{kLkkU
feSPRAT
u nkku
khNOT
fk COPY
kkLk-
ykkfku
kkLkCOPY
Mku rkhkt
kwhk: DO
nkukk.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -
: DO
SPRATn{khe
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
ykkfku EMk
ru Aku
xe ke
ke.kku
n{ nkk
hnu
nI WMk
n{khe
: fyk
fu:
-nku
: ykEu

- u
Lku
:
{wM{ Mkk fk rsMfe nirMkk ykkfu ykih n{khu kuLkku fu Lkrf kkfkh ni. zkp.{nkrkh
{kunB{, {urkfu Mkkrkf ehu yk{ ykih yk{u EMk{ fu yuf si Mfkuh, ykr{
: - : - : - :
hunLkw{k nI. ku k funku nit? n{ ykLku u rkhkt rfku fwA ne uh {U k{k{ fhLku ku nI. urfLk
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY -zkp
SPRAT : {ku
DOnB{
NOT COPY
SPRAT
- kkkk
SPRAT :fuDO
NOT COPY
w: khk
u f{kk
.{nkrkh
fu kZ - rSu
. zkp:.DO
{kuNOT
nB{COPY
Lku n{U
sk
ELzrMx
:
: ELfkk
: WMkMku
kw

:
hukuwLkkMkLkyke
ykkkku{wMk{kLk
he khn
kukh
hnu.
ku
WLnU
AkuzNOT
fh COPY
ykku kZ
u :fkVe
n kf
sn- kLkk
n{khe
kMknke
fk. ku
nku nI fu: DO
n{khu
SPRAT
: DO
- kk
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- fuSPRAT
NOT COPY
fE
f{Mk{
hLku
ku
Wu
{
k
Lku
Vku
fku
yu
f
nrkkh
kLkk
rk
n{U
rkAu
hLku
f
k,
yki
h
yfMkh
: - : - : - :
WMfk kk EMk{k WLnkULku rfk. rsMkfe sn Mku {wMk{kLkkU fe khe Yf kE. kfu ue fu
ehu ehu {wMk{kLk khe ne fu rkV nkukyu. kkeene fu rkV nku kyu. Resistant to
: - : - : - :
change nkt kf fu Vkk rk Lku kk {k{we {k{we r[ut fu rkV.
SPRAT : DO NOT
: DO
COPY
- SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
kCOPY
ykk -ni
hkLkSPRAT
Lkn nkU
kuu uNOT
Lkfh
fu rkse
(Eu: fDO
rxMNOT
kexe)COPY
kf fu -rkV
Vkk
rk
kk
:
-
:
fhkh
:
Mkk
kk
ykih rksefk
{MskU
{U EMku
{k
Lkk
rk
kk kk!
[wLkkt[
u fkuE: keMk
kf: {Mkkrs
rkse
ykE
skNOT
fu ELkfu
rkse
Lku NOT
Lkqh rku
h hk
kk! : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT {U
COPY
- Lkn
SPRAT
: DO
COPYykhkV
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY
- SPRAT
rVh
k
ysk
fu
yk{
kki
h
kh
{w
M{
{w
{
krf
{U
kheke,
rkse
h
: - : - : - fe
:f{e
yki
ELxhLkux fk f{ EMku{k Mke EkuMkke f{kurhkt rkE uke nI. fwA MkVnkk knu ru
kyu xuk ykih kkV {U rkse ykih ELxhLkux fk EMku{k rkk kk ni. MkWe yhk siMku
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
n{khk
nkNOT
- 43COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO
:
Aku
:z
{w{
:

:
[t
yuf {w{krffku
fh kkfe
Mkkhu
{wM{
krf r{fh
e yfu
u y{u
rhfk
rskLke
rkse
h ELxhLku
x EMku:{DO
k NOT
Lkn fh
kkku-. SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOTyki
COPY
- SPRAT
COPY
A uhzkp
.{nkrkh
{kun
B{ fe
kfheh
Mkunx
fu n{U
k yk
hnkni
fu k[kLk
n{ Lku
: fw :

:
: Mku
{wrgV [eut fu kkhu {U MkwLkk fu Vkt ykih Vkt [es fu rkV Vkk ni. u EMku{k Lkn fe
Mkfke. ykih ske n{Lku EMku{k rfk WLnU kku yuf ku ku yunMkkMku kwLkkn fu Mkkk EMku{k
: - : - : - :
rfk, kn ku VkuxkukkVe nku, kn rMkLku{k uLkk nku k xe.e. uLkk nku k r{k[h k
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- {SPRAT
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY
SPRAT :ELxhLku
DO NOT
huesu
huxhCOPY
fk EMku
k fhLkk: DO
nku NOT
k {kuCOPY
xh MkkEf
kh ki:XDO
Lkk nku
. fBw
xh- furkV,
x fuCOPY
:
k
-ne
fku
E r[
:
kkE
:

: nI
rkV,
VkkU
fe Mkuk[
nku.
nkt n{
Rfhkh
fhku
fu u
Vku
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DOkuNOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO{wNOT
2010: fuDOwNOT
Y {U uCOPY
kt- fufwSPRAT
A W{kLku
M{COPY
n{UNOT
k uCOPY
kt k- Lkk
fu Lkn
. {kh
k- {E
kkeLk
fu
VkhkU
{U
fk{
fhLku
fu
rkV
yki
h
{w
M
k{kLkkU
fu
ke{k
u
L
ku
fu
rkV
Vku
he
Lkn
: - : - : - :
rfuNOT
? COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
{wgrV k {U, {wgrV kukkU Lku {wgrV Vku ru. urfLk fneu Lk fn, fkuE Lk fkuE
: - : - : - :
ykLku ykkfku {wVke funkk nwyk yiMkk Vkk u hnk kk ykih fwA kuk EMk Vku kh y{ fh hnu
ku. kku fkiLk rsB{ukh ni WLk kukkU fe kkknefk rsLnkULku WLk {w^kkU fe kkk MkwLke? EMk khkn fu
:
:fe

:

: MkLkT
2001
{U
{w
^kkut fe kuMk{e
yuf
oLkkfr{Mkk
n{U WMk
k
uLkufku r{e
sk
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
- {kMkw
SPRAT
: DOkE
NOT
kwsNOT
hkk {UCOPY
yuf -kLkf
k
ykkCOPY
kk. knku
k kkkne: DO
nwENOT
ke. COPY
knkukMke
{ LkU
k.COPY
yuf
{wVkeMkknk
Lku Vh{kk
u Mkkhe
wk fe
khVMku
WLk
kkU fu
ru
:
: fu
-kkkne
hyMk
:

: ku
Ekhkfk
{w
f
k{
ke,
WLkfu
kw
L
kknkU
fe
Mkk
ke!
ykh
yi
M
kk
kk
kku
Mkkrkk
nw
y
k
fu
nkt
Vki
k
nkuLkuCOPY
ku Mke kuk kwLkunkkh ku! {kh EkLku Mkkhu kwLkknkkh nkt Efak nwyu kU? ykih kwgk ktkkU
: - : - : - :
{U hunLku ku {nwhu {kLk {wsrh{ k[u kU?
ykih rVh snkt MkwLkk{e, kwVkLk, fu yk{, fnk ykih Mkikk kkkne kku nI krnh ni fu
:
:nI

{kikLkk fu {wkkrkf
u Mkk:
wk fk
Rkkk
nI, ykk
. ykih
ku Mkk
fu Mkk
kuk :kw
Lkknkkh
nI?
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
-{
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
- fk
SPRAT
kLkeNOT
kwsCOPY
hkk fu-{ku
e, kkukzek
Lkn, COPY
w {w
eLk fu kw
LkknNOT
WLkfe
kkkne
Mkkk: DO
kLkuNOT
? rVhCOPY
n{U
WLkMku ue kwA
Lkknku:
kk fu sLkkku
kk khe
{w{
krf{UyiMke
kkkn
Mkwhkku
t{U e
:
kVkk
:
fw:Lk
knku
k
f{
ku
k
{hku
nI
kku
EMke
ru
fu
Lk
fu
ku
Mkk
rLkMkkLk
Lku
f
nI
?
kku
ew
z
yki
h
nku
ew
z fuCOPY
MxkMko
u Mkunk {t
yki
h :t
ke W{
S uku nI kuMkk
k fu kw
kworkkLu
nI!
knku
wk!
s{kU
:
w:
:k
kh ku rAzfLkk kku fkuE WLkMku Mkeu!
Vku fk yuf fheke frLk ni uk k{kLke rMkVk, kkheV k krMkk fu (difinition)
: - : - : - :
Mkeu Mkku yVk ykLku rzLkhe {kLkkU Mku khu ykLkk yuf kMk {Vnw{ nkrMk fh uku nI, knuLk
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
SPRAT
DO NOT
- niSPRAT
DO NOT
uku NOT
nI. [wCOPY
LkkL[u -yk{
kwVku:kwDO
ykiNOT
h kkuCOPY
[k -{Ukk
Vun: r{kt
kikCOPY
nku ke
t. ykih :rVkLku
kkkCOPY
:
-
: Mku
fu :Mkkk
xxku
nkuku
nI. WLnfku
hk
Mkk: nx
fh,
hkMkk wu nLk
Mkku[
U, kkuzuMku Mkkkk
U kku
kkkNOT
fwA COPY
ykih rkE
u Mkfke
. {MkLk
Mk
knkuNOT
k yAk
rfMkNOT
{kLkkUCOPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DOniNOT
COPYu-fuVkt
SPRAT
: DO
COPYni- ,yAk
SPRAT : DO
{U
{w
f
hh
Lku
EMk{k
rfk
ni
nkt
?
Lk{ke
ni
?
yAk
yVMkh
k
kkrku
E{
ni
?
kkh
Lkn
: - : - : - :
{khkk? yAk fiMku? WMfe sk kf nk Lk nku WMfu {kLke kkuLku ku fu kMkwhkk fu ykih Mkwku
ku fu {VYk fu hneLku r{kk nkufh hun kyu Lkk? yk ykh yAk fe skun ykk f{
: - : - : - :
kwhk kk fh uU kku firVk fu swk rkE uke. EMk khn kwhk yk fwAf{ yAk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
44: -n{khk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOT
DO NOT COPY
kLk
:

:
yki
:
fe
fk: EMku
{
u
kk. EMke
khn
keMkkh
MkwhkkU
{U n{
Mknen
h kk
RMkknkU
k
nkt: DO
fhkuNOT
nI snkt
LkkrMkk
h Lkk{w
Mku :fk{
Mke yun: rkkk
SPRAT
COPYn{
- {w
SPRAT
: DO yki
NOT
COPYL-kkrMkk
SPRAT
DO [k
NOT Mkfku
COPYku- .yiSPRAT
DO NOT COPY
ru
e sYhe
kue Mku
kke
wrLkk
fe {kLke
E Mk[kEkt
xe
EMk
:
- ni
fu
EMk
:
{U
:f
nw :yks
w
Mkkrkk nku ke nI. Mkkrkk wk rkkuhe kf xwx hne nI. unkk n{U rfMke Mk fu kkhu {U
kMkwh fk{ fhku nwyu - ykih kkkihu kMk kwhk - kMk yunrkkk khkLke [kneu. value
: - : - : - :
judgement Mku k[Lkk [kneu.
SPRAT : DO NOT
- {ku
SPRAT
NOThCOPY
: DO2003
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
zkp. COPY
{nkrkh
nB{: DO
fe {fw
k kze- kwhSPRAT
o kfheh
{U {u-
rk{U
{wL:kyrf
yu
:
- fku
-EskMk{U
:,
:Mku
OIC
fu MU
WMfu
[ih{uLk fe nirMkk
ELnkU
Lku
f {nw
h yk{e,
LVhLMk
SPRAT
DO NOT
- fhku
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
SPRAT
DO NOT
{wM:k{kLkkU
fku COPY
{wkrkk
nwy
u fe NOT
ke. kuCOPY
kh -{wM{
hun:LkwDO
{kt NOT
nkt COPY
{kisw -ku. fE
{w{:krf
fu COPY
e kuELk {U.une
kfheh
ni SMk{U
WLnkU
fku yki
h MkikwLkekkfkkU
fku w
k
Mkhkhkn
:
:
-
Lku :{krhk

:
fkhk
kk. {kh
kfheh
eNOT
ni rsMk{U
kh {wMk{kLkkU
fkuCOPY
kzk Ykk
e kk.
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY u
- ne
SPRAT
: DO
COPY -kuSPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DOn{
NOT COPY
[wLkk EkuMkkkkk ku fh hnu nI EguMkkh fu Mkkk. r ku nkk h fh MkwLkeu.
WLkfk Vh{kLkk ni fu ky Wu{kyu rfhk{ Lku {nku EMk{ fk ELxhrxeLk, WMfe
khsw{kLke fwA EMk khn Mku fe ni u Mkne Lkn ke. yuf EMk{ fh fu yk nkh eLk kLk
kyu
:
:kh
-w
: fku
: yki
, nkt
kf fu EMkefu
Lkk{
yuf
{wMk{kLk
Mkhu{wMk{kLk
{khLku
kk.(kkrfMkkLk
h
SPRAT
: DOk
NOTykCOPY
NOT
COPY fku
- uSPRAT
DO rk
NOT COPY
SPRAT{w:VDO
NOT COPY
Ehkf
hnu -nILkSPRAT
ykkfku:?DO
). {w
Mk{kLkkU
rfLk :fhk
kk fu-
kheke,
rMke
, u n{khe
kfuEMke{un{khe
kE
fu
n{khk
: kMkk
ni
rfM{k
: ni
: Vkn

-ni.EMkMku
:rLkkxLku

ru
kMk
n{U
fw
A
hMk{U
kw
h
e
fhu
L
ke
nkU
ke.
fw
A
kMk
khkn
fu
fkzu
knLk
u
L
ku
nkU
ku
.
kku
z
e
Mke
hMk{U
yk fhLke nkUke. k rituals perform fhLku nkUku. ykih n{khe nkk k kku k uke ykih
: - : - : - :
Lkn ku kku n{khe rfM{k {kLk fh n{U hke k hkyu Ekne we we EMku fwkq fhuLkk
[kneu. zkp. {kunB{ Lkf fhku nI Mkwh: hy fe ykk (11)
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
k
EMkefu
{kLke
{ki
kLkk nke
Lku EMk
uh :{U
f{kt
rfk:
(uh:)
:
: fku
:
wkLku yks kf WMk fki{fe nkk Lknet ke
Lk nku rsMfku k ykk ykLke nkk fu kLku fk.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
: DO NOT
- mathematics
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
n{COPY
nkk- u SPRAT
hnu nI zkp: .DO
{kuNOT
nB{COPY
fk fu -[wtfu SPRAT
n{Lku MkkLMk
ykihCOPY
rhke
fku
:
- yki
hyku
:

:
EMk{
fu rkV
hk
fu ruLkwMkkLku
n{kLk
rk
EMkMku u nwy
k fu :n{
ykLku
nrkkh
kf kLkkLku
kf
Lkn: hnu
kfu COPY
n{ut nrkkh
Wxu :ykLku
w~{LkkU
Mku heLku
kzu!: fwDO
ykoNOT
Lk COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYfu-
SPRAT
DO. NOT
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
rMkVo
Mkknekkienkhen
k ELxh
WMfu
kunhu{kLku kueu
EMk{e
fe
:
:
rxeLk
- fhfu
n{Lku
:
:.
xe[k, EMk{e kke{kk fu {k fku, substance fku kkuz Vkuz fu Lk rMkVo EMfu rkkk k form
kh ne n{ Yf kyu ykih kku nwyu nkkk Mku rkfw ku kh, WMkMku rkfw kukkwf ykih
yuf kih kske kke interpretation n{Lku fe.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
n{khk
nkNOT
- 45COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO
: zkp
fk
:
fe
:

:
. {kunB{
funLkk
ni fu n{U EMk{
Yn fku
rVhMku sk
fhLkk
nkukk.
WMfe
kwrLkke
kke{kk
kukkhk
Mk{Lkk
nkukk.-
ykiSPRAT
h Mkkne: DO
khen
ihkk
fnLkk nku: DO
kk. NOT
WLkfkCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- fku
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
NOT fku
COPY
- SPRAT
funLkk
ni fuyks {w
yk{kkih kh
Mkkhe
rLkk
{U nefkhk
k kk
ni.
:
M{
:WB{k
fku

: w
-feLkh
Mku: u
kuEske nkuke ni WMfe. n{khu {nk fe ke nkuke ni, n{khu {wfMk {wfk{kk fku LkeMk
Lkkkw rfk kk ni. n{khe k ykih n{khe r{fkU, WLk kh kuk fkrk nku ku nI. n{U
: - : - : - :
{khk kk ni. wfk hk kk ni. n{ Mku hnkLkk ytks khkk kk ni. n{ kh w{ rfu ku
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRATrkkk
: DOhnu
NOTnI.COPY
nI. WLfk
u e -funLkk
ni fu: n{
{U MkuCOPY
knku-k f{SPRAT
nfefe: DO
{kLkkUNOT
{uut COPY
ykkke
:
:k
whku
kekU yki
h nw
ekU fu: w
{ fku
n{Lku
ykLke
rfM{k
ne {kLk
ek,
kfu knku
Mku {wMk{kLk
SPRAT : DO
COPY -ku
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
SPRAT
kku uNOT
e {kLkLku
nI fu ne
yknfe
{eo- niu yki
h n{U: DO
ykNOT
EMkeCOPY
khn -SLkk
ni. : DO NOT COPY
zkp
.
{ku
n
B{
Lku
u
e
fnk
fu
snkt
EMk
k
E
fe
u
kku
eMke
{w
M
k{kLkkU
nI n
: - : - : - fu :rkV

MkkhuNOT
nwCOPY
e yiMku-
LknSPRAT
nu. kfu
Mku nw-e kku
yiMku: nIDOfuNOT
rsLnkU
Lku w-EMk
kEe: DO
nwfw{NOT
k feCOPY
SPRAT : DO
: DOknku
NOTk COPY
SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
kkueMke fu rkV Mkkyu yunkus kwL fh he ni, kze ykk WXk he ni. zkp. Mkknk fe
: - : - : - :
yke ni fu n{ nh yuf fku ykLkk w~{Lk Lk Mk{ kiuXut n{ [wLk [wLk fu kuMk ykih w~{Lk{U k{e
fhU. WLkfk funLkk ni fu n{ ykLku {wfh fe kk{eh fhLku fu ru w Mku fkue fhU. {unLkk fhU n{
:
Mku:
:
:w
EMk{fe
Yn fkurVh
hk^k
fhUykih
yufkkEsk,
wkMkqhk, kkfkh
rLkk
ykLke
SPRAT : DO
NOTfhUCOPY
DOhNOT
- tkkUSPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO n{khe
NOT COPY
kk{eh
. ykih- kwhSPRAT
i fhU : yki
k[U COPY
yiMku ku
Mku u: n{U
u Mkkf
rMkkku
nI fu ne
rfM{k
ni.ykih ufu
w:: yki
h {w
VrMkene {UEMk{
h {w
Mk{kLkkU
fe kE
:
: yki
ni
: .
f{ku
ku
ne
kkkU
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.
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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NOT
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fk
k
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:
5 : Aur
Aabadi
Table
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kECOPY
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: - : - : - :

COPY
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: - : - : - :
VeMk
r{rLk
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2,100-
30.6%
: - 0.3%
: : - :
23
rMk
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14
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: : - :
1,100-
SPRAT
16.0% : DO NOT COPY
: - 0.1%
: -4
: - :
900-
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SPRAT
57
: - 0.8%
: :
- :
394
376
300
1.5%
100
100%
6,868
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: - 5.5%
: - : - :
4.4%
: - : - : - :


Table 5 - Mazaheb Aur Aabadi
: - : - : - :
kk
% ELMkkrLkk
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kkk
ni fu
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k ELMkkrLkk
Mku keMk
k
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:
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kw
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: - : - : - :
ku kZu EMk kkk fku kkh kkh MkwLkku nwyu fu, yuf {kur{Lk nkh fkrVh kh khe ni. yk{
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
52: -n{khk
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EMkekhn n{U
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: - : - : - :
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kh ke
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: - : - : - :
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knkU[e kku n fu rnLwykut Mku knkU[e, EMkkEkU Mku knkU[e. ykih wrLkkh Mku kku {eh fu
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: DOe
NOT COPY
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kk. kw
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: DO NOT
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nwfw{k{U {wMk{kLkkUfku Mkkf rMkkk kk ykih kkU kwshkkekULku, kwshkke rnLw knuLk
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sk COPY
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NOT
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sovereign
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: - : - : - :
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fe
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NOT
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u
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LkBkh,
2006
) COPY
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w
:
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: - : - : - :
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e
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k. ykih-
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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NOT
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NOT
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: DO{kkh
NOT COPY
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, rsLk{U
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:
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:
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:
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UNO
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E SPRAT
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f fk: DO
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kMkCOPY
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COPY
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: DO ni
NOT
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: - : - : - :
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:
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o yki
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ni. k
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COPY
- Mkfku
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: DO
COPYye
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: DOLkNOT
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fu kkhu
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nI?: DO
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kf Wh
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t fe
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{wnu
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:
:

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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTMkuCOPY
fkr{kk nkU, [u rLkkLkkk u fh ykyut. kzu yAu [iBkLk kLkU, khu khu Mkunk{t k[u,
: - : - : - :
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:
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:
:
ykE.ykE.xe
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COPY
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NOT COPY
: DOk{U
NOT
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: DOMkuNOT
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wko ykLke
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n{ yfMkh
:

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khn
:
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n
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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTMkuCOPY
ykLku
VwhMkk
fu {hkrn
khku
nwyu. wt nf knkU
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nf ykkfu Mkkk kktxk ni fu n{ kuLkku ykLku rkhukkLk {U ktfu, ykLku ykkMku kwtAU fu k n{e
kkukzek ykih LkhuL {kue fe khn fwA n kf rB{ukh Lkn nI, n{khe EMk nkk kh knkU[Lku
: - : - : - :
fu ru?
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT
: DO NOT
nh yfrk
fku: DO
yiMkeNOT
wCOPY
khekt -Lkn
uLke: DO
kzke
nI.COPY
rnLw-M
kkLkSPRAT
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:
hun: ku
e.
:
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ykih EskMku
nit. rMk
ykih siLkekE
kt
k re
Mkkk feLkLk
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ykut fk
kLkksy
nwyk, :keLk
nkhCOPY
fu fhek
fwMkwh :rMk
{khu COPY
kyu. krMkkLk
{k{u
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
- ku
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DO NOT
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NOTfkuCOPY
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f
h
rMkkU
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ku
t
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ni
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,
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: - : - : - :
kLkku nI ykih kzu kn^VwMku ELk {U Ekkk nkuke ni. siLke ske fu nh kuku {U ykku kZ hnu nI.
WLfe Mxze n{uut feLkLk kze ksu Mku fhLke [kneu. nkktfu rLk SLkMku EBkk kkko kk
: - : - : - :
ni, n{khe ne khn, ykih rnLwykut fk yuf kfk EMkkEkU Mku kzk kkMMkwk khkkk ni, kue
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
56: -n{khk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOT
DO NOT COPY
rLkMkkLk
:
nh
: nu
Mfw
:Mk,
-
U
:
{unVw nI,
Wxu
h {U
ykkfku
EMkkE
EMkkE
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r{
ku, yki
h
knku
k {wNOT
BfLkCOPY
ni fu nu
fu kkt[: kuDO
nkheLk
MfwMk -yki
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WLkfk
w{-khnkuSPRAT
kk nku :kkuDOrVh
SPRAT
: DO
- hSPRAT
NOT COPY
hSPRAT
: DO{U
NOT
COPY
NOT COPY
ku
t u Lknfh Mkfku
? (u:
h:) - : - :
n{
:

yuf kkh fe e kfeh Mkth Mkfke ni

ko u ni fu Mkefu Mku khkk .
: - : - : - :
Lk wU fu n{ fu EMk {wf {U EMkkEkU fku kk ne {MkkE hku nI u n{U nI,
urfLk kiLkwyfk{e Mkkn kh EMkkE {wLks{ nI, kkfkh nI. ne sn ke fu WzeMkk{U sk
: - : - : - :
yuf kkn{ MxuELMk Graham Steins fu kLkkLk kh n{k nwyk, WLnU kuhun{kLkk ykih
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- rfk
SPRAT
: DO
ze
SPRAT
COPYyki
-
: DO NOT COPY
ku: hkLkk
khefu
Mku f
kk
kku NOT
kwhe wCOPY
rLkk -WX
nwE: .DO
nwfNOT
w{ku rnL
h nwSPRAT
fw{ku WzeMkkLku
Vki
:
:fkrk
khkMk
kk
:
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fku kfzk
ykih
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2002
fu SPRAT
{wMk{kLkku
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kkU
Mku yuf: DO
fku e
ye
kf- Vkt
ke fe Mk
Lkn
kws: hkk
fu MkLkTCOPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
-
: DOfkuNOT
COPY
- {USPRAT
NOT
COPY
MSPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
Mkw
L
kkE
kE.
kfu
u
k
rk
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f
u
WzeMkk
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khkMk
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Graham
Steins
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n
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: - : - : - :
{wMk{kLkkU fku e {khk kk. rsMfe kh kf n{U Lkn nwE fE rLk kf, ykih sk nwE kku {n
EkVkLk!
: - : - : - :
nkrMku kwVkukw kMk u ni fu n{ dispensable kLke EkVe k fkrku EMkkMLkk nku
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
NOTnICOPY
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kyu
nI. NOT
kkshCOPY
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yk: DO
n{NOT
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Mkh yki- hkiSPRAT
hyn{: DO
nku kyu
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kh NOT
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nw
:
:
: EMk
fe.
EMk
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t, ykk
nI, n{
Mkk
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u EMk
kwhe fki
{ fknk nirsMkLku
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f ku nwf{hkLke
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fku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
NOT
NOT COPY
yrk
fu kuCOPY
nkheLk- ki{SPRAT
kLku ru: .DO
kze
kzeCOPY
nwfw{-kU{wSPRAT
nik fe,: DO
kzeNOT
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ik SPRAT
fe, kfu: DO
yks
land
revenue
reforms
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u
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n{U
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,
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: - : - : - :
kun:Mke,
fkLkwCOPY
Lk, fkhfw
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k. NOT
u COPY
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DO NOT
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: DOMkh
NOT
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: DO
NOT kkw
COPYfk,
- rk
SPRAT
kkne uku nI EMk kkk fe fu n{e fe {wLke{eLk ku, administrators ku, kLkoh ku. w
: - : - : - :
kwshkke kkLk kh n{Lku yuf Akuxe Mke Mxrz fe ke WMfu Zuh Mkkhu yVk VkhMke, yhke ykih
WwoMku ru kyu nit. rnLwMkkLk hk kzk ni {wM{ kk{eh architecture fu knfkhkU Mku : kks
{n,
: k
- kku
kwBk,
:
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: fw
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zeu:,
rfyk,
kku
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nw{kwt fk
kwk {eLkkh
kne
SPRAT
- fuSPRAT
: DOykMkkhu
NOT COPY
: DO fe
NOT
COPYnw-EE{khkk
SPRAT : Lk
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fkuE: DO
nuNOT
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knfkh
fe{k- {U SPRAT
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knku
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kzk
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s
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ni
.
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nh
ku
ku
kh
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k{kLkku
t
f
e
Akk
ni
, {ku
rMkfe,
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
rkkMk,
rkk,
kkkkk...
nh
khV.
{kh
rLkkkku
ke{kh
fu
kLkkLku
ku
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M
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ku
kku
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: - : - : - :
kkuk nrhke ne kue. yk {wM{ kMkkU {U ZwtZLku Mku e hg Lkn r{ku. fe n{ yn{
fk{ fhku ku, ykih yn{ {kLku ku ku. yk n{ Vswrkk{U Wu nwyu nI EMkru Vkr nI,
kE
: nI
, RkVe
nI! : - : - :
:
f
:
- : - :
Mk{kokyurkhkt
ELkk
fkrku
f n{khk
kk,- kfu
yk : e
nkt -yiMkuSPRAT
kLkkh
ZktNOT
[u COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DOMkh{kk
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO n{khu
NOT COPY
: DO
sw nI
, yiMke fkrku
rhkMkk
ni ykiuh yi
ke rhkkk
{kuswnI rsLkfu
ku n{
{ku
:
f
:
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:
kkw
:
sewf {wMkfrk kk{eh fh Mkfku nI. n{ nihkLk hun ku nI fu ne {wMk{kLk nI u ELke
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
n{khk
nkNOT
- 57COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO
:
:
- {U hu
nI u
:
kLks{e
ykih kukhkeke
Mku kU
kz kekU
nku :nI
ykih
ne {wMk{kLk
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ykLkLk
MkVU kLkk: DO
ukuNOT
nI: fku
E rLkkLk
kf Lknet
nkuNOT
kk, fkuCOPY
E yuB- kkh
Lkn :nku
kk,NOT
fkuECOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOTVkLkLk
COPYMkee
- SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
DO
kweMk
Lknnkuke,{kh
f
wkMkwhke Mku,fi
MkekLkkh
kLkke
nI. Lk{kU
ke nI,
:
rfMk
:
: Mkee
MkVU

: nku
ykih ELkunkE rzMkeeLk fu Mkkk. kzk wkkh {tsh nkukk ni kze s{kku uLkk.
ne {wMk{kLk nI rsLkfu nkt fkk ykih rVkhk siMku W{k Mkkur sMxMkfu rMkMx{
: - : - : - :
{kisw nI. u {wMk{kLk ne kku nI rsLk{U {ykhke rkkkk fu ru, Mk{kS {MkkE kh knMk
SPRAT : DO
COPY
fu
SPRAT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
fhLkuNOT
fu ru
sw{- y
wkku: DO
siMkeNOT
MkwhkCOPY
k khfek
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ni, NOT
{kh COPY
yVMkku- Mk! SPRAT
fu u rkkk,
WMfkCOPY
:
t[ Mkfkk,
: kU
-nku
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n{ kf
Lkn knku
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: DO
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kek
fku kkk
kk ni :fuDO
kNOT
fnkCOPY
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ni!NOT
ykihCOPY
rVh n{khe
yke: DO
kkk
EMkMku
{u
n
Y{
fh
rk
kk
ni
:
kkeLk
fe
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kf
knkU
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ne
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ni
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nh
skn
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LknNOT
ni. fE
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rMkrMku
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r
nkuCOPY
hne ni-.) SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DOyk
NOTEMk
COPY
- SPRAT
DO
NOT
yuf ykih yr{k khk fu {wMk{kLkkU fk u ni fu WLfe kheke WLfe y{ehefu yiLk
: - : - : - :
ke[ku ke[ kfyu ni. yhkkU YrkkU fe yfkV fe kU yks e kk k{k{ khk{U
rkhe kze nI. qx hne nI. Mk[h fr{xe Lku rkk ni fu fiMku yfkV fe kkU fk Lkk
:

: {U
:
yu
:
fu
5 khSMxzo
fV
nI ufkuE 6k
fz s{eLk
EMku
nMkknku hnk
ni. khk
fkuE SPRAT : DO
NOTnI.COPY
SPRAT
NOT
zSPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRATf{k
: DOEMk
NOTMkuCOPY
{krf
WLfe-rMkVo
rfkkke: DO
f{k
6 COPY
nh -fhku
YrkkU: DO
Mku E
nI. yki-hnkk
nkh
fhkuz
MkIfzkU
kwLkk.ykhELnU
kske
{kfu
ox k{kU
kh EMku
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rfk kkufkuE12
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:
YrkkU
fe
MkkkLkk
yk{Lke
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BfLk
ni
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khyMk
n{
rVk
rMkVo
163
fhku
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Yrku
f{kku
nI. kLke rMkVo 2.7%! fkiLk nI ku u n{U wt qx hnu nI? n{!
: - : - : - :
urfLk yiMkk e Lkn fu n{ {wMk{kLkkU {U yk rkfw e fkrku V nMkkt Lkn
hn.
: - : - : - :
se rnLwMkkLk {U Mkh kwhu ni s{nwrhk rnL fu. zkp. krfh nwMkiLk ykih VYeLk
SPRAT : DO NOTye
COPY
SPRAT
: DONOT
: DO
NOTykkfku
COPY -{w
SPRATfu:nDO
yu-n
{.
zkp. yw
fk{COPY
kzu zt- fu feSPRAT
[kux kh
ykLku
Mk{kLk
ku nINOT
. COPY
:
:
rk
:
rnLw
MkkLkfkMkk
Mku kzk
ELkk{
khk hLk
kk.
zkp. krfh nwM
kiLkfku:
kLk yw
SPRAT : DO NOTk^Vkh
COPY - kLk
SPRAT
NOTykw
COPY
- SPRAT
: DOfku
NOT
SPRAT fku
: DO
NOT COPY
fku, :{kiDO
kLkk
fk{
ykk
zkp.COPY
yw- fk{
, WMkk
rkM{kn
kLk
. - : - :
:
-
: fku
sMxeMk
nwyu nI:{wDO
Mk{kLk:
rnkkw
Mkknk
ykiNOT
h yunCOPY
{e Mkknk
SPRAT : DONOT[eV
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
- k
SPRAT
: DO
{w
M{
kkeLk
Lku
[u
yku
n
kU
ku
hMkkE
fe
ni
.
Lk{k
nu
kn,
Vkrk{k
u
Mkwe{
: - : - : - keke
:
xo fe ss
SPRAT : DO NOTfkuCOPY
- kLke.
fe
Vhk{ku
fh Mkfkk
rnLwMkkLk
yfkh
kLk
fu, y{s
fu
: - Lkn
:
ye
:
: ye
kLk
Mkhku fku, rkM{kn kLk fe unLkkE fku, krfh nwMkiLk fu kkk fku, k ykWeLk kLk
fu vocal k yu.ykh.hun{kLk fu po fku. ykih WMfu kk hun{kLk kku ykpMfh ykih ku{e
: - : - : - :
ELkk{kk Sk fh kkuk khk fu fhkuzku kukkU fu rkU fe zfLk ne kLk kyu.
SPRAT : DONOTn{U
COPY
NOT COPY
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
k-
hnuSPRAT
fu u: DOygkh
ykih fi-
Ve SPRAT
yk{e: DO
fu kek,
fe -kkw
Lke yki: DO
h {sYn
:
:
ye
: kLk
MkwkkLk kwh
e fu : Lk{u
,
kuVuMkh
ye
yun{
w
hku yki
h ykrk
fe
SPRAT : DO NOTEfku
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOTfeCOPY
- wSPRAT
: DO
NOT h
COPY
Lkkur{Mk,
EhVkLk
nkek
kkhe
rLkk h
{U {nw
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
58: -n{khk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOT
DO NOT COPY
:
fuMkk
:
k
:
-nI

Mke{ye nkt
Mku kzu
ykuhLkekkukursMx
krhLkU
fu {krnh
. :
SPRAT :DO yu
NOT
COPY
: DOMkku
NOT
- {nU
SPRAT
: DO nI
NOT
{.yu
V. nw-M
kiLk SPRAT
fe kMkehU
Lku MkuCOPY
kk
ke rkfke
. COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:

:
- r{ko
Lku: e

{ikLku u {Ue{wM:k{kLkkU
fk kMkk
Lkw{
kkMkh{kk
hnk
ni, MkkrLkk
ye
SPRAT : DO xu
NOT
SPRATt nI
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
rLkMkCOPY
{U in- hrkyu
. ekLk
yeLku- e
W{k xu: rDO
LkMkNOT
ukCOPY
:
:
Mku:
- {wLkkV,
w: M

rfux {U
kxkuze,
{w~kkf
ye,
whkoLke, rfh{kLke
ufh fi
V, neh,
kwV yki
h
kzk
f{kk
ni.NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO EhVkLkLku
NOT COPY
- Lkk{
SPRAT
: DO

yk fiMku rnLwM
kkLk Vhk{ku
fh Mkfkk
? fwhokwyiLk nih :fku
rsLkfku
:
:
-niELk
fkhLkk{kU
: fku
o r{k :kk.
Mkhkh-
Vhe
yki:hDOMkkrnh
wekLke
fe khe
SPRAT : DO kLkkeX
NOT COPYyu-kuzSPRAT
DOye
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOfku
NOT COPY
rsMkLku kwhu rnLwMkkLk fku rhkk ni.
swLkwke khk fu rMkk khk fu kk nh nuh {U nkt fu kkt[ kkkh kkhee
{wfk{kk {U ku k keLk {wM{ knek fk Mkh{kk Yh ni.
: - : - : - :
rfkLkk ywhk ku kk rnLwMkkLk, rfkLkk rVfk kkk ni u kkih kks {n fe wkMkwhke
SPRAT : DO fu
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOTMkwCOPY
SPRAT : DO
COPYhVe
- yki
SPRAT
DO NOT
, kki
h [kt-
keke
ykih: DO
hrk
kkLkk-
fu fkhLkk{kU
fu, NOT
{kunB{
h Lkqh:snkt
fu COPY
:
:
:keh
MkwhkUfu kki
h,
kkrkfe
khe
fu kki
h, ykih
snkt
fu ELMkkV
fu kki
h!
yLkr{x
yMkh
zk COPY
ni WLnkU- Lku khk
SPRAT : DO Aku
NOT
SPRATkh.

yfkhe
sk
fk ztf:k
kk Mkkhu
khk
kh.{w
k kkkn
Mkkhe wrLkk fu
kunkheLk
kne
:

:
:
rMkrMkkU
{U
w
{
kh
rfu
ku
ni
.

snk n{U
Lkkikfe
wLkU :k
nI, ne
xekwMkwkkLkyki
n{e
fu fkhLkk{u
n{fku
nI.
:

h fu:xLk
- e

: k
khek
rLkk{w
eLk -yki
k yki: hDOyiNOT
Mku knku
k Mkkhu
rVkyu: rDO
fhk{
SPRAT :DO nhk
NOT COPY
- Lkk,
SPRATnhk
: DO NOT
COPY
rSPRAT
COPY
- MkwSPRAT
NOT COPY
Lku
{ku
n
kkfk
ki
kk{
u
rnLw
M
kkLkfku
rk
ku
fhku
z
kU
fu
rkU
kh
yks
e
yMkh
yt
ku
: - : - : - :
ni.
uhkLke kkuk nh e {hkkk rnLw fk rkkMk kLk kk ni. Mkkh, fwkko, hkhk, khkhk
: - : - : - :
rfMkfe uLk nI?
nh kkt[ rMkkkhk nkux{U {wMk{kLkkut fu kLkku nwyu, E rfu nwyu kLkkU fk kzk
:
yunku{k{ nku
kk
ni. : - : - :
SPRAT :DO rnLw
NOTMCOPY
COPY
- {w
SPRAT
: DOfeNOT
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
kkLk fe-
fESPRAT
Lkw{kk: DO
ykihNOT
ELkk{
k^kk
Mk{kLkkU
yuf COPY
yAe-VunrhMk
fu :ru
:
ELxhLkux kh
{wknu:k
rfSu
: - : - :
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO http:\\en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list_of_indian_muslims
kku rVh k {kshk ni? kU n{ yk{ kkih kh yke keuAu nI? ykEu rVhMku
n{ ku Mkkf kZU rsMk khV khu {rf Lku Ekhk rfk ni:(uh:)
Mkkf rVh kZ Mkkfk fk, ykkfk, wykfk,
: - :
w:rLkk
fe
- :
rk
ukkkwMkufk{
E{k{kfk
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
2.
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u ykk.(3/110)
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f siMku VhkE
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
kwrLkk kh. yk krnh ni fu nh yuf fku fwA Lk fwA fkuBku{kE k Mk{kuku EMk rMkrMku {U
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: DO NOT
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: DO NOT
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ke
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ke NOT
u wMCOPY
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h EMkeCOPY
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kh- n{
kuh u:hnu
. COPY
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ni.
(uh:)
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ki
k
rfk
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fku
hLkk kkykfu ru fwA f{ Lk ku fhkuokkt
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -yki
hSPRAT
{nk
kunek
:
:
:
- kuni ku
:n
yuf ykih kun

w rsMku
n{u
t LkhMku yku
Lkn
nkuLku
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ek

k{w
ykihCOPY
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rV
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f kun-
ek
fu rkn
SPRAT
: DOLkNOT
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DO
NOT
COPY - fu{kLkLku
SPRATku
: DOfMkkt
NOT yu
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
h kiY
fkh nku
Mkfku nI. si:Mku
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MkkLk {U ktkk
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yki
h ktkku
fu
{wMk{kLk
f
yki
:

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: yu
kkLk kkuUku, {Ae kyutku, ykih {w{rfLk ni yuf siMku rU. urfLk sYhe Lkn fu yuf {nk
kh [ hnu nkU. kLke WLkfe kunek kku yuf ni, {nk {kh yk yk. {wgrV {krnkfu
: - : - : - :
{kLkLku ku yuf siMku r Mkfku nI.
SPRAT : DO NOT
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DO NOT
eSPRAT
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: DO
NOT COPY
WMfuCOPY
khyMk
e nku: Mkfkk
ni, COPY
kLke u-
{w{rfLk: DO
ni fuNOT
yufCOPY
ne {nk
fu {kLkLku
ku
eLku
: {U
f[h,
: WLkfe

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yuf{
swk,yk
yk
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: DO
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kku
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,
rkw
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sw
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rkkMk
knu
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kLku
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yk
yk
khn
fe
rkk
kLku
ku
kLke
hu
: - : - : - : kw
kkih: DO
Mku rkfw
yk
kkut COPY
fku yuf-ne
kh
s{k,
fne kkhfk
kkV
fhku
SPRAT
NOT COPY
- rLku
SPRATku
: DOku
NOT
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SPRAT
: DO
NOTyuCOPY
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: DO
NOT COPY
uk ni. u yufne {nk Mku swzu nwyu {kh yk yk kunek fu Lkw{kELu nI. kku kunek,
: - : - : - :
k{wLk k f[h ykih {nk k eLk ku yk yk kukkU fe [esU nI. kunek fk kkwf
MkkuMkkxe Mku ni, ykih yuf MkkuMkkxe {U, yuf {wf, yuf rku {U hunLku ku {wgeV {krnk fu
ku
:

-
:

:
kkU fk
yuf ne
f[h
nku u: {w
{rfLk
ni. ykh[u
fu
kunek
fk {nk
kh kzk
yMkh
kzkk
ni,
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
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SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
: kfu
{w
k fu ru
:
f yu
:
kkn{
u {w{rfLkneLkn
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e ni
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fkE {U
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kuNOT
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fku{SPRAT
Lk Zkt[:k DO
nku. NOT COPY
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COPY{krnkfu
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: DOkkU
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: DO
COPYk-
(yuku
wLk)fu Mkkk
knkukMke
khe
fki{
kU Lku ykkMke
: ELMkkLke
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ofk:
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:
Mk{kS kkwfkk fu rMkrMku {U ykLku socio-cultural aspects fku kLke MkfkVke kuneke
rhkMkk kh kk kuh rk ni, ykih EMk fku Eku{kE {k{k collective domain {kLkk,
: - : - : - :
ykih {nke {k{kk {U, {nke {k{kk fku WLnkULku ykLkk Mke zku{uELk k personal
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
COPY
- uSPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYk-
SPRAT
NOTMkuCOPY
{kLkk.- EMk
kVhef: DO
fk NOT
Mk{kS
kunw
ni fu Mke
yfe{
nfu
{U fku:EDOrfMke
domain
:
Lk:
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n
{:kE
kkkw
Mko Lkfhu (skk
U) yki
h ktk rMkVo
w
k fku
nku,skfuEku
yfe{
{U
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- ki
SPRAT
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DOyki
NOT
n{U NOT
yuf wCOPY
Mkhu fu-
yunSPRAT
MkkMkkk,: DO
nwfNOT
wf kku
ykk
hn fk: DO
kwheNOT
khnCOPY
rnk- hLkk
nku: kk.
h wCOPY
t
Lk fhLku
kh
{ykhk,
Lk yki
h n{khu
kzku:
e kf
n{MkukkkwM
ko fh
. yuf
:
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: fkLkw
: Mkfku
nI
yLkk
r{Mkk
u ni fu: DO
ykh
ykkLku
yk
Lk fe- kkuSPRAT
kzkue :uDOyuNOT
kuhkCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPYEMfe
- SPRAT
NOT
COPYfku-ELk{k
SPRATk
: DOkh
NOT
COPY
Lkn fh Mkfkk fu ykkfe EMk kuLk{ke Mku n{khe khfkk ku nku hne nI. EMk ru ykk nkt Mku
Vk nku U. urfLk ykh ykkLku ykLkk f[hk WMfu, k w ykLku h fu Mkk{Lku VIfk kku Lk rMkVo
ykkfu kzkue yukuhk fh Mkfku nI fu fkLkwLku {wf ykkfku Mkk e u Mkfkk ni.
: EMk
-rLkMkk
Mku: ykk
ykh
n{Mku
- kw
A

: hw
Uu fu {w: M
k{kLk
fkiLk,kku n{
rkk
fkx
fnUku
SPRAT : DO
COPYu
- ykLku
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: DO NOT
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: DO
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NOT COPY
nhNOT
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fe rhkMkk fu rkn nI, WMfu f[h fu Lkw{kELu ykih y{khkh nI, {wMk{kLk fu hr{k
: - : - : - :
e ykih kih {wM{kU Mku ykLku kkwfkk fu kihkLk e. u {w{rfLk ni fu yufne Mk {U u kuLkku
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:
rfk
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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
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: - : - : - :
fk{ kZke nit, rfMke Lk rfMke Vku fe {U sYh yk#. zkp. ywMMkk{ Nobel Leaureate
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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DO NOTfu COPY
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k fukk u Vku
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ru: DO
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zhU. COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
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khke Mku, rfhkh fwe fhLku Mku, Vku uLku k kunhkLku Mku, value judgement fhLku Mku ELkfkh
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n{
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:

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h:)
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ni ytNOT
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ke
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kku
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: - : - :
: - : - : - :
u {kunB{ Efhk{ Mkknk fe {kkyu Lkk kMkLkeV ykku fkiMkhMku u EkukkMk

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SPRAT : DO WB{k
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: - : - : - :
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SPRAT : DO
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ni kku k
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DO NOT COPY
Vfo fhku nwyu fwA wt fnk ni (uh:)
: - : - : - :
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nku -kukuSPRAT
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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
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kku ykLkk
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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- yuSPRAT
: DO NOT
: DO Mkk{k
NOT COPY
fe ku kufe hkU ni Vwkku
fe kk kh kk nI {wtn{U kku
fe kuf ykih Mkk nI WMfku kkkku
fe {khLku fku yMkk nI WXkku
: DO hNOT
COPY
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: - : - : - :
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ke.ke.Mke. ykih Mke.yuLk.yuLk. fku e ykk E{uLkkLk Mku Mkkhu kLkkLk fu Mkkk u Mkfku nI.
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: - : - : - :
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n{ yfMkh
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h:)
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: - : - : - :
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COPY - rfMku
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NOT COPY
ku :Lkn
w COPY
kkku Ehkf
fku ykih: DO
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yk yAk
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,
n{khu
ru kunkh ELMkkLke ku? ykkfku ykLku ViMku w fhLku nkUku. VkkUfe, ukMk fe kwrLkk kh
: - : - : - :
ske Lknet rkkk Mkfku yk n{ {e, u u kkk fwA kukkU fku Lkkkkh kwhu.(uh:)
EMk kkk Mku Lkkhk nI fwA kuk, fu n{ Lku
: - : kfeu

: rfk
rhkkk
MkuELfkh
ni - :
n{ ykr{u
kLkn
nI. n{
kkuu uku
nI EMkfku
e
kwhe khn
Mk{
kkku.
kku
:
- ki
:
-Lkn

:
ku :uDOfu NOT
n{ Lkku
rsMkfk
ne-Lkn
hku EMk
n{COPY
ViMku-
Mkkrh
fhU,: DO
u fiNOT
Mku COPY
SPRAT
COPYe
- Lkn,
SPRAT
: DOn{
NOTE{
COPY
SPRAT
: DOkh
NOT
SPRAT
LkkrMkk
ni.(uh:) : - : - :
{w
:
wt Lk kZeu fn fn Mku n{U,
n{ e ELMkkLk nI, rfkkk Lkn.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYfk- kfkk
SPRAT
DOuNOT
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY - ku
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
ELMkkV
iMku: e
ni fuCOPY
n{ rfMke
ku n{ :kk,
ku khkkh
kuk,:yk
k
:

: Mkfku
nI
- ku
: yki
firVkk
{U ne kfkkw
fh
, Lkk khkkh
k, nkkk
h firVkk
{U
fMkkt
{wfkkk
fiM:ku DO
{w{NOT
rfLk nICOPY
k?
rfMke: DO
AkuxNOT
e {Ms
sLk: DO
rfMkeNOT
kkurMk
u fuNOT
n COPY
SPRAT
- k
SPRAT
COPYfu- {ku
y
SPRAT
COPYfku-LMkrxk
SPRATfe: DO
{f
Wzk Mkfku nIfuku kku
rhk
ukknI {I kku
Lknet
kk? k
ELk
nhk
fku rhk
kk
fh
:
:

:u

: u
fkiLk? u kwhkE ykk fhne Lkn Mkfku, WMkfu Lk fhLku fk Mkkk k kU fh u Mkfku nI ykk?
EMke khn ku u yAkE e Lkn fuE{ fh Mkfku nI fu {I yuf Lk{k e fk Lkn fhkk.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 67COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
ykkfe
: {skw
:
-ykk

: u
yhu
kE u yAkE
heni, zwxeni, WMfke
kku Mkkk
Lkn
Mkfku
! Lkufe
ykihNOT
keCOPY
fk kkw
Ergkh
Mku nkuCOPY
kk sYh.
SPRAT : DO
- f SPRAT
: DO NOT
rVhu
Vkk
uLku ku
kuk VkukU
nI? WMfe
grVsw
nku Mkfke
nI.
: kku
:
u:ku
{wnkk:
kune sn kku knh nk u nkuke fu {nk fk rVk nku, {nk fk Vhkuk nku, kkkU Mku kukkU
fku hkufk . WLkfe hunkhe fe . urfLk sYhe Lkn fu nh nk {U ykih nh Vkk WLk yn{
: - : - : - :
WMkwkut fe rkLkk kh rk kk. ky Vku Vku nkuku e Lkn, yke nkuke nI k Vk yuf
SPRAT : DO
: DOhk
NOT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
{wyNOT
{COPY
fe, {ki-
eSPRAT
fe ke
neCOPY
nkuke-
ni.SPRAT
urfLk WMkfku
hkMkt
yLkkrMkh
Vkk
kLkk
fhCOPY
:
n{
:
:hu
MkkLk
:
ku
fhku nI. EMkeru
yke
fhkunI fu {nke
nLkw{k,
rkw
MkwMk
rnLw
{U, rMkkMke
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO
COPYnku-
sSPRAT
NOTfuCOPY
{MkkE
Mku Lk -WU
kku fki: {
feNOT
kunkhe
ke.SPRAT
{MkLk: DO
n{UNOT
kCOPY
ni fu- kw
hkk yu: MDO
kBke
Ru
Lk
fu
ki
h
kLk
ku
kw
kku
O
Lku
{w
M
k{kLkkU
Mku
yke
feke
fu
ku
Eu
Lk{U
kZ[Z
fh
rnMMkk
U
: - : - : - :
ykihNOT
fkUkCOPY
uMk fku -kux SPRAT
U. yk: DO
ku ykh
u yke
Lk e fhku
nkt
fk {w-
M{
{knku: DO
rkfw
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO kku
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOTCOPY
fkUkuMk fu nfne {U kk. urfLk ke.su.ke. Lku yVkfe EMk kih rsB{ukh khkek fku EMk f
: - : - : - :
WAkk, EMk f WAkk fu {n EMk yuf yke fe rkLkk kh kkU {e rnLw kux ke.su.ke.
fku r{u ykih fkUkuMk fku {oLkkf nkh fk Mkk{Lkk fhLkk kzk.
: fe
-fe

:
kku
Vkk
n{ yi
Mku {ki
fu khu
ku nI :yki
h WLk
kkkkU
kh
u
uku nI :snkt
ze Mke
SPRAT : DO
NOT
SPRAT fe
: DO
- SPRAT
DO o NOT
SPRAT
[f,
kkuCOPY
ze Mke -Mk{khe
kwtNOT
kECOPY
ke. {MkLk
fwA :yMku
f COPY
w.ke.- furfMke
{ki:DO
e NOT
Lku tCOPY
u
{kkh{
kZLku
kku
fu rkV
Vkk
u rk.
WMfe
{nke
Mkunk yun
{ek
{U u
rkLkk
:
t
:
- n{

:
:
u
yo
fhLkk
[knku
nI
fu
nkt
kh
kku
z
e
Mke
Mk{khe,
kku
z
e
Mke
[fkhe
fe
sYhk
ke.
(ykh[u
fu n n{ rnLwykut Mku u kwALkk [knku nI fu u {wMk{kLk Mkkhu snkt Mku yAk rnLwMkkLk
: - : - : - :
n{khk kze we Mku kkkk ni kku kU WMfe nwkwkLke fe tu {kkh{ Mku kMkef fhkE ke
ni? WMfk Mkwkqk {ktkk kk ni.) urfLk u nfefk ni fu tu {kkh{ yk EMk {wf fk fki{e kkLkk
:
h kfyu
: {U
-e
{w
Mk{kLk
: ne
: Mku
kLk
ne [wfk ni. {fw
kkLku ku
ku. nkt
kh fwA[fkhe
fk{
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
rkNOT
kkCOPY
kku WMkfku
EkLkk u: DO
kuNOT
k RuCOPY
Lk fu-
{kiSPRAT
fu kh Lk: WAk
kkkuCOPY
. (u-h:)
kkuze Mke
[fe
rVkhk
{U :
: - :
nku
:ELMkkLkfe

nh
kkk
ku
yzLku
fku
fu
n
ku
Lkn
w
khe
: - : - : - :
nkt kku ih {nke Lkwku Lkh Mku {wBfLk ni kwtkE e hne nku WMk Vku fe {kh
ky {hkkk Vku yiMke kk skn kh ru ku nI, rsMkMku Vkk uLkuku fe rLkk kh ne f
: - : - : - :
nkuLku kkk ni. ykih kU Lkn? rMkkMkk kt rkf Mkfku nI. Mkkn fkh consultants kk rhkkuxo
SPRAT : DO
NOTnICOPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
- kU
SPRAT
DOMkfkk?
NOT COPY
Lwh
hkCOPY
ku[ Mkfku
nI, kku ku
[khkNOT
{w^COPY
ke kke
Lkn: fh
u Mkfku
, scientists
:
eu
fu rfMk
:
-
:{Msfu

:
ELMkkLk
neni. u
khn
{wMk{kLk
kkkhe
kkuzLkukkUfkuykku
kZ kZ
fh
kuNOT
kkCOPY
hnu nI-.
rfMk
khn :ky
{wMCOPY
k{kLk-
Ehkf
ykih: DO
yVkrLkMkkLk
kkuCOPY
t
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY kh
- kkkne
SPRAT{[kLku
: DO NOT
fku
w
yk{e
fu
n
hnu
nI
,
kkkeh
nku
hnu
nI
.
kw
s
hkk
fu
VMkkkk{U
knLk
rkfeMk
fu
Mkkk
u
: - : - : - :
yn rsk yk{u Mkwqf rfk kk, WMk sw{ofe nkk fku r{xkLku ku e yuf {wMk{kLk
ELMkkuxh ne kku ku. nkfw fe kMkef {wMk{kLkkULku ne fe ke. kwshkk fu MkkunhkkweLk fu LkLku
: - : - : - :
f fu {k{u {U, rsMk{U {kue fu kMk eh y{ek kn fku EMkVk uLkk kzk, EMk{U hksMkkLk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
68: -rkhkx
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
kw
:
:
:
Xkfhu
: yki
eMk fu
yuf {wM{ELMkku
xh {w
MknI. u hi
khe
hnk
kku rfMke
rLkkk
h
e
kzek
fku {w- Mk{kLkkU
MkkMku
kzk
kuMk-
{kLkk
u: kk!
h:)COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DOkkuNOT
COPY
SPRATfk: DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO(u
NOT
ku
fnu
ke Vki
tn u
fh kwBnkhk : - :
:
hLk: {w
{Lk wk{e LkkMk{ kehkLku kkhMkkhk
: - : - : - :
rkhkx fe sn w{:
: - : - : - :
Ynu EMk{ khrkV hM{u EMk{
Form
: Substance
- Against
:
- : - :
n{khe rkhkx fe swnkkfu ksru {U, nwfwfw Ekk fu kk, uhu r ni wMkhk
yLMkh, form devoid of substance k Ynu EMk{ k{wkrV hM{u EMk{. Mkw{kk fku
SPRAT
: DO
- yku
SPRAT
NOT kki
COPY
: DO
NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
yk
fhNOT
uLkk,COPY
kkk
Z uLkk,: DO
knehe
h kh-
MkwSPRAT
kk Vo
yk
fhCOPY
uLkk rLkMkkLk
ykMkkLk
ni COPY
EMkMku
: fu
:

:
: kke{kk

EMk{
fu essence
k WMfe
Yn,
Mk{kS
skeMku
{w
kkfWMfe{hfe
kh: DO
y{
kihCOPY
k nkut. -n{
kwhkuh: DO
yVk{U
fnU-ku
fu SPRAT
EMk{: fuDOWLkNOT
kunCOPY
wykut -kh
rsLk Mku : n{khe
SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
{ykhke
ske
kh
yMkh
kzkk
ni
({MkLk
nfkku
E
,
{Mkkkk,
nki
M
kk,
kkw
h
,
yk
fe
: - : - : - :
y{k,
s{u COPY
hnuLkk,-
Mkkfk
kMkt: DO
e, hkkhe,
sku
sn,
ELMkkV
e,COPY
k-fe kkkt
e ki
hn)
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
-
SPRAT
: DO kMkt
NOT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
WLk kh y{ fh kkLkk Lk{kut kZuLku, hkuk h uLku ykih fkk u uLku Mku fn kk {w~f ni.
: - : - : - :
yhkfeLku {nk hyM n{khu rfhkh fku MktkhLku ne fu ru kLkku kyu nkUku. urfLk yk ku
SPRAT
: DOLkNOT
COPY
- w
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
hek
hunfh
ku
{knMk
kLk kyu
nI.- nh
hM{ fu: keAu
, nh COPY
YfLk fu-
keAu
fkuE :ye{
{Mk
:
-
:
ni
: by
Yh hnk nku
kk. {u:Lku
s{uLx
fe kkLk
{UEMku
fnk kk
Management
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
-
SPRAT
COPY ELku
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
kLke
ELku: sDO
k{NOT
fe krkh
{ Lkn
kfu
{Mkw
Mk {fkrMk
fu nw: MDO
kw NOT
fu COPY
Objectives
(MBO)
ru
ELku
k{!
{kh
yk
n{
EMk{
fu
{fMk
Mku
fky
Lksh
WMfu
kknhe
kkk
ne
kh
Yf
: - : - : - :
ku: DO
nI, NOT
kU fuCOPY
yiMkk-
fhLkk
rLkMkkLk
kkCOPY
ykMkkLk
. {kh: DO
ykNOT
kCOPY
yk kk
ni EMk :{wDO
~f
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- ni
SPRAT
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
fk{fku
Mkh
WXkLku
f
k.
khLku
rfMke
yki
h
rMkrMku
{U
u
kkk
fne
nku
,
u
r
fLk
rk
kMkk
nkt
e
: - : - : - :
{kiswt kke ni.(uh:)
ne kk Vfo kw {U ykih {w {U zwkLku ku
: - : ku
- kh,
{uh: e
he hU
ke Mkkrn
LkshU
ke kwVkt kh :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
{foe ykih swe
yuf n EMk ku[ek {k{ufk u ni fu n{ n{khe Mk{ fu {wkkrkf ykLku {nke

VhkE fku ku rnMMkkU {U kktx U. yuf fkuh core k yMke k {foe ykih wMkhk kuheVuh
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOTkLke
COPYyu-fku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
h
SPRAT
NOT COPY
(peripheral)
kLke- rs{Lke
k: RkVe.
u kr{
ni, Vo
ni,- yki
wMkhk: DO
ku u
n{khu
: nkkk
Mku n{U
:
k:
-
fu rnk
Eku
nk casuistry
kke
fe Ek
u
kk ni.:
nkkt
fu
fwy: koDO
Lk eLk
Mkn
h ykMkkLk
kLkkLkk
[knkk
ni: yeLkku
MkYLk.
fLkSPRAT
n{Lku : sw
e
SPRAT
NOT fku
COPY
- yki
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYu- r
DO
NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 69COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
{U

: fku
yk
:
-fukk#[u
:fe
{MkkE
rh fh
eLk
kMkk
ku[ek
fh rk.
kZe
k k{u
tkkE,
k
ktNOT
khVCOPY
Mku [Lkk
[kneu :fuDO
kktNOT
khV
Mku f{
kZkLkk :[kneu
, ykn
funLkk: DO
[kneu
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY -nkrV
SPRAT
NOTfuCOPY
wk
nkrV,
ELkkzkU
kz t
kkurVh fiMku
EMk{
fe Yn
khn{kherLkkkn
kLke hnu
ke?
:
:{U
(wk nkrVfe EMkukn kh yukuhk fhLku ku wk Lk kMkk kku uku nkU kku WLnU kze
kfeV nkuke nkuke! ykh ku rfMke {wMk{kLk fku Lk{Mku funkk nwk MkwLk U k kukk fk ykMkLk
: - : - : - :
fhkk u U kku k WMfku EMk{ ne Mku kknh rLkfk U!)
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
COPY fku
-
NOTfe
COPY
DO
n{U fhLkk
u nku:kkDO
fu NOT
n{ ykLku
h SPRAT
fku yiLk: DO
{nk
hki-Lke {USPRAT
uU :yki
h NOT
ykLkuCOPY
:

:ykLku
EkVe

: kkw
fu
yxw
:
peripheral
area
kLke
{k{kk
{U, rsLkfk
fn{khu eLk
x rnMMku
Mku
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
COPY
- yfrk,
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
hSPRAT
NOT
LknNOT
ni, WLnU
wM-khk o
uku :nwDO
yu NOT
reason
kLke
rationality
Mku -yki
MkkLMk: DO
fe hki
LkeCOPY
{U
n
Zw
t
Z
u
,
WMke
khn
{w
fe
{k{kk
{U
{w
f
fu
Mkw
h
constitution
Mku
{
U
,
kkLkekU
fe
: - : - : - :
khn.
kkLke
rLkS: ske
, yiLk- {nke
{U COPY
XuX kkLke
nI. u:rDO
fLk NOT
ykLkuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPYykLke
- SPRAT
DO NOT{UCOPY
SPRAT{k{kk
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
fkhkukkhe {k{kk {U ku uMxTLk nI, {krhke nI.
: - : - : - :
yk u Mkk kik nku Mkfkk ni fu n{ fiMku ksrk fhU fu n{khu ru n{khu eLk fk
yMk fk ni? fkih yurhk k ni? kfu fkuE kku u e kwA Mkfkk ni fu ykk fkiLk nkuku nI ykk fu
:
ku
: ?

eLk
fk fkuhk fhLku
ykk
WLkMkukx fh
kwA U :fu
ykk
fkiLk nkuku nI {uhu
eLk :fk
fkuh ki
fhLku
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
DO
COPYyo
- rfk
SPRAT
: DOWLk
NOT
SPRAT :{uDO
kuNOT
? {iut COPY
e {w-Mk{kLk
nwt.: si
MkkNOT
fu Wkh
kk,
Mku COPY
fneu - fu{nk
hk NOT
MkeCOPY
zku{
uELk niykih EMfu
ru
{I rMkVo
{uuhu {kkwfkuskk
un
nwt. ykih rVhrfMk
fkuh, rfMk
fk
:

:
:
fk:
yMk?
ELku
Mkkhu
rVhfu
,
ELku
Mkkhu
{Mf,
rnkk
EMk{U
fku
E
kfw
V
Lkn
fu
ykk
ykLku
nkkk
fu knk yiLk EMk{e Yn fu Mkkk ykLkk fkuh w k fhU.
: - : - : - :
r{Mkk fu kkih kh EMk kse kh kkih rfSu: {kLk eSu fu Mk {wMk{kLk u yuf
skn hunku nkU, Efu nkU, WLk{U Mku nh Mk yuf f{ WXkyu ykih fkk kh khSne yukukkh Mku
:

-nkuLke[kneu
:
top
ru
fu WMfu
Lkef
yu:f
Lkuf {w
Mk{kLk
fe k
Mk:
[e w
MkwrMkkk
? 10
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - yk
SPRAT
- 10
SPRAT
NOTyVhk
COPY -feMk
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
EMk: DO
khnNOT
ykkCOPY
fu kkMk
yk: DO
yk
Mk :attributes
characteristics.
kLke
100wMkwrMkkk
s{k
nkUke.
WLk{UMku fE{w
~khf
nkUke.
fwAfekhSnkk
ke,
fwA fk
:

:
:
: nku
sLk
f{
nku
kk.
WLk{U
Mku
keLk
k
[kh
yi
M
ke
rsLkfk
Lk,
hu
L
f,
MkkMku
kk
nku
.
WLnU
ykk
fkuhCOPY
{kLk
U. - : - : - :
:
wMkhe kse: Mk swk swk ksuo ske k yk yk kikkUMku swzu nwyu {wMk{kLkkU
Mku u fnk u fu ykk ykLke ske fe Mk MkkMku yn{ YhkU, MkkMku yn{ k{kk k
: - : - : - :
{kLkku nI, WLnU reu. ykih nh sYhk k nh Vheu fu Mkk{Lku u e r U fu WMkfku ykk
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
{nke
rkLkU- ku SPRAT
k Mkuw: DO
h.NOT
ykCOPY
WLk Mke
rMxkUf:u DO
Lkwfkk
fku COPY
Efk -fh
rSu.: DO
ykihNOT
rsLkCOPY
:
-kh

:
ykLkk
: fku
rsLk
yLkkrMkh
Mkk :Eku
Vkf
hkunkU fu u
{nke
nI
kku WLnU
Rfufhfu
h
yurhk
fh rSu
. u Mkkfu
kkfe
fu Mkkhu
Mkuw- h.SPRAT
EMk khn
SPRAT : DO
NOTkiCOPY
- SPRAT
: DOMkk
NOT{nke.
COPY -
SPRAT
: DO{k{kk
NOT COPY
: DO n{khe
NOT COPY
ske
fk
yu
f
kzk
rnMMkk
WLk
fkrkU
,
k
WMk
ki
ku
{U
kr{
nku
u
kk
rsMkfku
n{
Mku
wh
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
ru fk{ fh Mkfku nit. iMku yiMke nh {~f ykkfu ru Mkkf yk{ku Mkkrkk nkuke.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 77COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
{U: Mku

:kU
nw
e ne kku
ku!ykk
kyk
fkuyVk
feu: khkek
ySk
kekeLk?
fu ykk
fku
u swNOT
{k COPY
wt kZLku- feSPRAT
ykk :nkuDOkE
ni :COPY
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kfu
kke{
rxexefk
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NOT
- fkSPRAT
NOT
COPYMkkLxMx,
- SPRATrhu
: DO
NOT COPY
krf,
ykkxo
ykrhnw
enekku kk!.
kfu
kke{
e yi
kuhk
:
- ykELMkxkE
:
: kfu
kh
:
{w{rfLk kk! ykih ykh ku rfMke khn kfu kke{ ku e kku nwe kU fh nkuuku!
EMk sYhk Mku kk RLkVuhkrkLku n{khe Eku{kE ske fku kzk {wkkMMkh rfk ni,
: - : - : - :
n{khu EkhkU fku Mkg LkwfMkkLk knkU[kk ni. Mk{kS ykih Eku{kE {k{kk {U skkekke ykih
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT : DOwNOT
- SPRAT
DO fku
NOT
COPYkw-^
: DO NOT COPY
Mkkke
n{u- ,yLkkrLkkfk
{w,COPY
ELk MkkLku
n{khe :rV
n{khe
kku SPRAT
wLke discourse
:
fh
: kLkk
EMkLku
:
fku {w
:
fku {M
hk ni, zhkLke
rk
ni. kfu
kku kze
kze
kunhefkU
kkMMkh
rfk
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY Lkn
- SPRAT
DO NOT
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
ni. yki
h sYhe
fu yiMkk: fhLku
kuCOPY
kuk rn
ne nkU: DO
. fe
fe
Lkrhkke
Egu:DO
kVkkNOT
EMkCOPY
n
kf
ykku
kZ
kyu
fu
kw
h
e
kw
h
e
fki
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fe
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k
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{
kLke
: - : - : - : fu
MkhMkiNOT
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NOT
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kfe yt-
kuSSPRAT
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ku.COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO
DO NOT COPY
: DO NOT
yekZ ku kxwLk ku funk Lku ku. u kku yAk nwyk fu {kikLkk nke siMku kukkU Lku
: - : - : - :
MkhMki fe kze rn{kk fe ykih MkhMkiLku yVMkwhk r nkufh ykLku r{Lk fku kt Lkn fh
zkk. hLkk Lku khk {U rfkLku ykih {wMk{kLk yVMkh f{ rkE uku. k EMke ru WLkfu
:
:h:)
- : - :
nf
{U fnkkk nifu
. (u
COPY
- , SPRAT
NOT Mkw
COPY
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hts Mknu:,DO
kkrkt
Lk - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
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{ fu :kr{Lku
ykLkk
fk{ :
: - : u

fw fu Vku kku WLnkULku e knkuk Mku MkwLku, kfu rMkk{ heVe ueu fu w {kikLkk
re fu rkV Vkk rk kk re fu Wu{ky fu heu, kk k ysk fu ykkfku e fw fu
Vku r{U. skk {U ykk rMkVo u MkwLkk U fu. (uh:)
: - :

yhkt
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VkkU
fku fu {ILku :
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- SPRAT
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{kLkNOT
rkCOPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
kykMMkwk
w fku yAk ykih ykihkU fku kwhk {kLkLku fe ykk EMk n kf kZ kE ni fu yk n{U
kkuk skk fe kuhtxe ne r{ kE ni. keV ykih {kunLk fe EMk fnkLke Mku ykkfku EMk nfefk fk
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DO
COPY
SPRAT
NOT
kkkNOT
[uCOPY
kk. yw
keV : yu
f NOT
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kk-
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kk.COPY
:
-
:
:
ku
kkU fku ykk
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kk. kfu
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kkSPRAT
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ke SPRAT
fu ru : fk{
rfk.COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
DO NOT
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DO NOT
kfu
{w
M
k{kLkkU
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ru
kze
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yt
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.
n{Lku
yu
f
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fu
E{k{kU
Mku
kkk
: - : - : - :
fe, NOT
kwAk COPY
fu ykh
ni ku ku
kkU NOT
fk rfhkh,
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yt{- k
nkukk?
kku NOT
rkkCOPY
SPRAT : DO
- uSPRAT
: DO
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ykrhk
SPRAT : DO
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SPRAT
: DO
kfwV WLnkULku fnk fu, E knuhnk keV {kur{Lk nu. rVh n{Lku kwAk fu ykh {kunLk fk Lkk{
: - : - : - :
{kunLk kMk fh{[t kkte nkukku? fnk fu knuhnk ku {kur{Lk kku Lk ku! kkuk keV fe skk fe
s{kLkk ni, ykih {kunLk kMk fh{[t kkte fu ru skk{U fkuE skn Lkn!
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
78: -rkhkx
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
:
:

:
n{khu
yuf ku
Mk nI: ,
rek
kE,
kzunku
xerh
nI,
yAu{nke
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nI, yki
h
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fk -WLfk
fkuE Ehkk
LknCOPY
ni. kkn{
ku khMkkU
{kuCOPY
e fu EMke
kwshkk: {U
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DOMkuNOT
- SPRAT
DOnh
NOT COPY
MkkkEMkkt
hku
k hku
, ykLku
{wMk{kLk
kuM
kkut fu: Mkkk
k EVkkh
fh :fu
Lk{k
Mkk
:
:nI
-
kkfkyu
kZku nI. rfMke Mkkkfe krkh Lkn, kfu EMkru fu WLnU ykLku kuMkkUfu Mkkk ykLkkEk fk
yunMkkMk nkukk ni. kuMk w nkuku nI. ykih kfki WLfu, ykLku rsM{ fe MkVkE nkuke ni. yiMku
: - : - : - :
nkhkU rnLw EMke khk {U wt ne {wM{ kuMke ykih EMk{ kuMke fk Mkwkqk uku hunku nI. {kh
SPRAT
: DO{ki
NOT
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- fu
{w
SPRAT
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SPRAT
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COPYLkn!
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
n{khu
kLkkyku
kkrkf: DO
EMkNOT
Lkufe COPY
fk fkuE
WLnU: DO
r{Lku
n skR
EnMkkLkku
:
fk: {Vnw
{
:
Eyu
nMkkLk
kELnkULku Mk{kne
Lkn.- :
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
NOT
: DOhkNOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
fkCOPY
fu n{U- e
{nke: DO
E{
nkuCOPY
kk. n{-
EMkSPRAT
kh kkMku
fiMku fhU
? u-rfLk
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fu
EMkkE
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yki
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: - : - : - :
yku
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nI yki:hDOyAu
, Lku
f fk{
nI WLnU
rMkk -r{u
kk yki:hDO
WLnU
SPRAT
: DO
COPY hku
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- fhku
SPRAT
: DO WMfk
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
zhLkufe fkuE sYhk Lkn. k kkte fk E{kLke yiMkk ne fwA kk?
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
:
k~w
h : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT{tCOPY
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: DO NOT
n{khu
Lksef
Ynu EMk{
fk yuCOPY
f ykih-
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ni yu
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e k gratitude
h COPY
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ni.wrk
kzk
kwhyMk
^
ni. w:
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:
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sw
yu: f

ykLke
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k khkek{U
wY nku:kkDOni NOT
ynB
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rfkk: DO
Mku Lkn.
{wM:k{kLk
SPRAT
: DO{ki
NOT
- SPRAT
COPY -
NOT{kh
COPYyu- fyk{
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
fe ske yk kwhMku he Lkn ni, kfu EMk{u rfkkU he nI. n{ yfMkh w ku nI WLk
yunMkkLkkU fku, WLk yAu fk{kU fku u n{khu ru kuk fhku nI. k n{Lku wrk fnk WLk kwwko
nMkkU fku, rsLnkULku kwshkkfu VMkk k {wMk{kLkkU fu nf {U ykk kwt fe, kze risks
: - : - : - :
WXk#t. khkk MknU?
SPRAT :
DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT Iyer,
: DO NOT
COPYAnand,
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
Justices
Shrikrishna
Savant,
Verma
siMku su
t fku-? SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
: Lyngdoh
:
Election
Commissioner
siMkuyVMkhkLk
fku?- :
SPRAT :
DO
NOT Mku
COPY
- {w
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
DO NOT COPY
rkMkk
kkz,
fw rMkLnk,
rkhe
kxu-, [wSPRAT
Lke i: DO
siMNOT
ku rLkzhCOPY
ykih-
kwhSPRAT
wqMk :social
: activists
:
rkLku
: fe

Lkk
:
fku ukwshkk
fu {w
{eLkfku ELMkkV
krkhyLkkf
{un
fh hnu
? COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DOnINOT
i&
yk{
fu
e fw: {
kh kku
kh fku
rsLnkU
ku y{u
rhfk Mku
Sadbhavna
:
-
L
:
- Delegation
:
khk
kfh
yu
n
ku
S
ykk
kt
fe?
PUCL,
PUDR
Citizens
Initiative,
siMke kt
e{kU fku
?
:
k
:
- Aman
:Ekta
Manch
:
rs
Lzwfh,
ek Lki: h,
rkkE,
fw wku:,DO
yYtNOT
ke COPY
hku si-M
ku {wSPRAT
MkkVeLk: DO
fku?NOT COPY
SPRAT :
DO
NOTkuCOPY
- fwSPRAT
DOVw
NOT
COPY - {wSPRAT
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 79COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
: {nu
yt
: u
:
{fk
MkkhkkE,
,
Lktekk kMk,
e Ek
{uLkLksiMku celebrities
fku?
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
MSPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Mk{e
yLku
, Mkku{: Lkkk
[uxhS,
rkrs
Mkn,
{wNOT
MkwLkCOPY
r{e- si
ku rMkkMke
:
hunLkw{kykutfku
? : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
MSPRAT
: DO si
NOT
COPYk,
- SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
r{zek
fe- yi
ke MkkU
Mku khk
hksek: Mkhu
MkkE,COPY
uh- kw
k fku? : DO NOT COPY
:
:
- si
M
ekfkkhu,
LkkhkLk
{wkeo,
yLkw ykkk
ku fkuh:kku
hux rzMko
fku? :
k COPY
rVh WLk
kkU
Lk,COPY
kw{Lkk{
rnLwy:kutDO
ykiNOT
h {wM{
ykih: DO
kunNOT
Lkkut fkuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- ekh
SPRAT
: DOyt
NOT
- SPRAT
COPY kEkU
- SPRAT
rsLnkU
Lku {wM{kLkkU
, kfu
nf furu ykk
{ku ru
? :
:
: fu
WXkE,
: khkk

MuxCOPY
fu hsLkkU
rnLw :yki
h NOT
{wMk{kLk
LkkLk Lku :[kh
fe ku-
kuMkSPRAT
ykih fze
kCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
- SPRAT
DO
COPYfkhfw
- SPRAT
DO khMkkU
NOT COPY
: DO{wNOT
Mku ykizk {wMfkLk Lkk{ fk yuf WBk yuzuL[h kkfo yun{kkk fu swnkkwhk Ekfu{U kk{eh rfk.
nkt keLk {e wh kf fkuE {unVw kVhene skn Lk ke. nh nVku nkhkU {wMk{kLk WMfk
SPRAT : DO
NOT
SPRAT
COPY
- kf
SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT
rkfw
COPY
{w^k -Vkk
WXkku: DO
u nI.NOT
urfLk
yks
rfMke: DO
{wfNOT
k{e COPY
{wM{- ktS
{Lku :LkDOrkhku
nLkuCOPY
:
rfk.
:

:
- {k
:fhku
u
hMk{Lke
wrkLkn
u kku
wh,n{U rLk
fe kkke
wk
{U rsM{kLke
ku ku,
SPRAT : DO
NOTLkskLk
COPY - kkMk
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DOrfMke
NOTLkuCOPY
{wM{
{U rfu
x uNOT
ku COPY
nkuku, u-
rfLkSPRAT
n{khe: DO
{NOT
feCOPY
Lk fe.-
[k
kf fe
Lk
rkkE.
Wxu
sk
{w
f
k{e
{w
M{
fkhekhkU
Mku
fw
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fk{
rk
kku
k
EMk
ru
kk
ru
: - : - : - : fu
nktNOT
rnLwCOPY
fkhekh
ykku
Lkn!
SPRAT : DO
- ykMkkLke
SPRAT :MkuDO
NOT
n{U
feLk
ni
fu
ykh
n{
rMkVo
skkyu kwh fk Mkne EMku{k fhU kku n{khu fE
: - : - : - :
{MkkE rLkMkkLk ykMkkLke Mku Mkw Mkfku nI. n{khe Mk{kS ske {U kMke r{XkMk kZ Mkfke
ni. zu fkhLkuke Lku fwku fe w{ rnkLku ku khkk fk rs fhku nwyu fnk kk fu kMk ELke Mke yk
:
zu, ki
:
-
: kk

- nI
fu k
EMku
(ku, ku
ki
hnfe krLkMkk)
fn
Vku {MMkh
! :
: - : - : - :
: Mkkke
- yki
h: {Mkkkk
- : - :
yuf ykih MkV u fe n{khe kLk fkh fk Mkkk kk, ykih rsMfe kih{kiswke
yk rV fk Mkkk ni ku ni Mkkke. yk Lkn hne n{khu hr{kLk ku Mkkke u nshk ykwk
: - : - : - :
ykih nhk W{h fe ske Mku n{U uLku fku r{ke ni, fu eVkyu k yuf {k{we Mku u{ut {I
SPRAT : DO
NOT
SPRATW{h
: DOkiNOT
COPY
u
SPRAT
: DOfhkh
NOTuCOPY
- SPRAT
DOfuNOT
{wfe{
ku.COPY
k siM- kunhku
kw {w
fMk- fku
nhu y{kt
Lku fu ru
yuf kw: k{
MkkkCOPY
:
:
fe
:
ykih
rMkVoyuf x fuMkkk
hkt ku
ykihkkhe kkhe
ku yki
h fe
kwk{x :kh
kiXk
fhku.
Mkkke
skn- yk
rku: DO
ykiNOT
h wxCOPY
e kLkku- ki
kLku u :he
ni. n{e
ykuAu yki
h rLk[u
SPRAT : DO
NOTfeCOPY
SPRAT
fSPRAT
DO NOT
COPY -yk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
skkk
fk
rfkh
nku
kyu
nI
.
: - : - : - :
kwshkk fu VMkkkk fu VkihLk kk n{ Lku fwA {wM{ kekU fk r MkwLkk rsLk fk
kfwV, rsLk kh rfk kk [ko yuf khV ykih wMkhe khV n{ u hnu ku fu kukkU fu nkt,
: - : - : - :
{wMk{kLk VMkkkkLk fu nkt, ske fku k[kLku fe kykut kf fu ru kiMku Lkn ku. EMke khn
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
xSPRAT
-
SPRAT
: DO t NOT
ykNOT
n{khu
yfMkh
{nke: DO
hunNOT
Lkw{k,COPY
Akuxu -Aku
u hunLkw{:k,DOkzuNOT
kzuCOPY
rkku
, kze
ykkyu
kunLkuCOPY
:
kze
:
:
keX
:
,
ykLku
{kLkLku
kkU Mku
khe
kunhe{
ykihEsk
fhkku
nI fu wffu yk,
Lk rkyku
SPRAT : DO
COPYLk-
COPYkLkku
- SPRAT
- kuSPRAT
DO
WLkfuNOT
khkkh
kiXSPRAT
ku. yk: DO
WLfeNOT
knehe
kifk, :LkDOfu NOT
WLfe COPY
kkkeLke
nhkE :yki
h NOT
E{,COPY
WLfe
kun[kLk
kLkfu
hun kE
ni. Aku
xe MkuAkuxe{Ms
E{k{
Mkknk
fku yk
{kEf
hfkh
ni.
:

:
: {U
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
80: -rkhkx
yMkkkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
status
:
kk
: ni
fk
:
Mkw
kk
:
symbol
u kLk
u! {Mkkkk
u EMk{
yuf yn{
kqLk rkLkk
kk, yk
rkh: DO
kkNOT
ni, WMfe
u fnk: DO
kkNOT
kk fe:
SPRAT
COPYkLk
- {U
SPRAT
COPY(u
- h:)
yuf
ne MkV{U zunkukyu
{un{w
ku yk
: - :
:
- :
Lk fkuE ktk hnk ykih Lk fkuE ktk Lkk

yk n{ {U e [Lke[ kik nku kE ni. kfu n{ ykLku rk kEkU fku fe fe
: - : - : - :
rLk[e k kk siMke EMkukn Mku {LkMkwk e fhLku ku nI. kMk kkih kh skfu w n{U fwA
SPRAT
: DO NOT
DO NOT
COPY u -ys{
SPRAT
COPYyk
- fnkt
SPRAT
kk{e
kuCOPY
k EMke-
Mku SPRAT
{LkMkwk: fhku
nI. yhkku
Mku w:YDOnwENOT
kVhef
fnkt: DO
knkUNOT
[ COPY
kE
:
-
:
kn
e
: ki
OBC
feEMku
h EMk{e
kuke.
{yke
kVhef
ni!
kkih rfSu
kku
{wM{
SPRAT
: DO NOT disparities
COPY - SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
: DOkkiNOT
economic
kku u: DO
e Lkn
k.
Lk rMkVo
ykkfu :{wDO
nu
{U COPY
kfu ki- LkwSPRAT
yfk{e
h COPY
kh,
{w
M{
{w
{
krf
{U
EMk
f
y{
{Mkkkk
n
i
f
u
n{
Mkku
[
e
Lkn
Mkfku
fu
u
yu
f
WB{k
nI
.
: - : - : - :
n{: DO
OIC
{krffu SPRAT
fwA ykkku
w{kh
Table
7- Muntakhab
OIC
SPRAT
NOT{wCOPY
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- Mumalik
SPRAT : DOKa
NOT COPY
Taquabul {U ku fh hnu nI ne rkLku fu ru.
: - : - : - :
{wtkk yku.ykE.Mke. {w{kef fk kfkkw
fw [o zkuh rV
Mkk
Mkunku ykB{k kh
S.ze.ke. VeMk
kkk rV WMkk
ykkke (r{eLk)
ykkke Ve {whkk
fe.{e.
: - : - : - :
rVfMk yk{Lke
zkuh rVMkk
kke{e hun
kkukkt
k[u
(rV {kt)
ykiMkk W{ fk
k{eLkk
:
- : - : - :
{w
f
: - : - : - :
Mkk
2008
2008 COPY
2008
2005 : DO
2005NOT
2005
2005NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY2008
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
COPY - 2005
SPRAT : DO
yVkrLkMkkLk
44
45
29
7
1
273
294
ktku
66
1,229
160
2
51
47
1
395
288
kwLkuE
77
74
<1
2
94
10
2
25,497
9,930
: - : - : - :
r{Mk
70
82
82
3
71
26
2
1,370
1,013
ELzkuLkurk
71
126
227
2
91
20
1
1203
911
: - : - : - :
EhkLk
71
44
72
2
82
19
4
2,715
1,600
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74
82
27
3
91
17
2
5,131
2,920
: - : - : - :
{kukttrkf
48
28
22
5
43
66
3
304
283
67
215
166
4
50
38
823
663
kkrfMkkLk
: - : - : - :
MkWe yhukek
73
11
25
3
84
11
3
13,480
6,232
Mkku{kek
50
14
9
6
273
210
: - : - : - :
MkwzkLk
58
17
41
4
29
1
917
691
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT COPY
kwfoeo
72
96
74
2
88
5
4961
3,949
: - : - : - :
: - Table
:
Ka
:
- :
7- Muntakhab
OIC Mumalik
Taquabul
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 81COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: MkWe
-
:yki
: standard
-of living
:
yhke
h Mkku
{krLk
fu
{ikhu ske
{U Vfo
u
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY - 14000
SPRATzku:
DO
NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY rkkhkek.
- SPRAT :yki
DOh NOT
rSu
: fhekLk
h yki
h COPY
rMkVo 273
zkuh Ve
fMkNOT
MkkkLkk,
{nCOPY
180
{ewh nI
u ku
{krfykkMk{U
! k
fu {ku
kBkf
{U yu
f WMkkfku
66
kkk
:
{w
:M{
{w
:u
MktNOT
kLku COPY
kzku ni- t
kkuSPRAT
MkWe :WMkk
fku {n
k {u
{U rMkVo
MkWeCOPY
SPRAT : DO
DO NOT
COPY khn,
- SPRAT
: DO~k
NOT
COPY17.
- r{,
SPRATEhkLk,
: DO NOT
yhk,
{u
rk ELzu
yki
h kwfeo{U ykiMkkLk
k 70
MkkMku kk
S: u
ku nI
skfu
:
Lkurk
:
ku
:

{kuNOT
BkfCOPY
ykih -yVkrLkMkkLk
50 e
kwh-u Lkn
fh kkku
. krnh
ni fu WLfe
ykut fku
k[u
eCOPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT : DO{UNOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- {kt
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
yk{kkih kh kk sLkLku kzku nI. ktku {U fhekLk rMkVo 50% kuk kZu ru nI kku
ELzkuLkurk ykih {urk {U 90% Mku kk. yk{ kkih Mku uU fu snkt kke{ kk ni nkt
wnke ykih Mkunk kunkh, W{ tke, ykih ykkke f{ ni. Figure 8 - Bacche Fee Maan
: - : - : - :
fu {wkkkef.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Figure 8 - Bacche Fee Maan

n{utkuk[kU
fe kkk
u yki
MkkLk
yuf {kt
sLkke
ni. yVkrLkMkkLk,
: :
rkke
- ni
:

:
MkwzkLk, kkrfMkkLk, MkWe yhk ykih khk {uut Vxeorxe hux kk ni.
: Mkkk
- : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY

- (k
SPRAT
: DOk,
NOT COPY
- yu
SPRAT
: DO
NOTMkwCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
Mkkk
ihkk,
Mkfk)
f wMkhk
yn{
kqLk EMk{e
kke{kk
fk ni.COPY
Ynu
EMk{
nwykfhkk
u fe.
WMkue n{
k k
w
k kiXu nI. yknh
fu ku
{U,
:
kk
:

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[e
:
nh NOT
yAkE
fu ku
{U fwA: DO
Lk fwNOT
A kku
hku nI: DO
n{.NOT
rMkk
{kt-kkunISPRAT
n{. rMkVo
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
COPYsYh
- SPRAT
COPY
: DO Mkkk
NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
82: -rkhkx
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
Lkn
:

:
-
: yk
n{U
kfu
fwMkeo, ykunk
ykih :fw
A Lkn
kku f{
Mku f{
wrk
ykih
yLkkLkekfe
kMkfeLk.
{MMkh
Lkn COPY
ku w- euSPRAT
rkLkk rMkk
ru,COPY
uLku {U-ykke
ni. n{
w
kyuCOPY
nI fu -fnk
kk kk: fuDOsk
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
nkk
Mku kukku kktnkk
E{
Lk nku. yk n{
uku nw: y
u rLkk
[knku
nI.EMk
WMke
fku
kt
:
fku
:

ru
:
uku nI u {ktkkk ni. WMk fku ykku [ fh kusku Lkn u ELkk kkEsk ni fu ykku [ fh
{ktkkk Lkn. [wLkkt[u rfkhekU fe yuf yAe kMke ykkke n{khu hr{kLk kik nku kE ni.
: - : - : - :
ykih kMku {wMxLzu rfM{ fu rfkhe n{khu {wnkuu{U kLkkku nI. kfu fwA kku Mkw kh kiMkk uku e
SPRAT
DO NOT n{khe
COPY -fwASPRAT
: DO rVkhk
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
nI.: kkkkk
kunLkU yk
ykih -fkk
fu fu
Lk
khCOPY
rLkfke
nI. wMkhe
khV
n{e
: yi
:fkrkek

fku
ki
:
{k{w
:nI
Mku nkukyu nIfunh

ykih rkfk
Mku fu Mkk{Lku
e Mk{ku
. u kzu
SPRAT
- ykLku
SPRATyn{
: DO NOT
NOTfh
COPY
-
SPRAT
: DOWLk
NOT COPY
kzu: DO
zkuLkuNOT
Lk uCOPY
WMku n{
EkhkUCOPY
fu [u- ykuSPRAT
nkU kh: DO
VkE
uku nI
, kn
WLk{U
fku
[kLku
fe
fkE
rkfk
nku
fu
Lk
nku
.
[w
L
kkt
[
u
n{khu
yn{
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kh
ne
nhkk
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: - : - : - :
fkrk
, ykiCOPY
h yun-uE{
ki: hDO
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wh ne: DO
hunLkuNOT
{U ykLke
{kLkku
nI. NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO nINOT
SPRAT
COPY -WLkMku
SPRAT
COPY kE
- SPRAT
: DO
siMku ne n{ u yVk kunheh fh hnu nI khk {U u ykuV rkk fu nVku fe kikhe
: - : - : - :
nku hne ni, rMkkBkh fu ykrh {U fE NGOs khk{U uLku fe yuf {wrn{ [kku nI. uLkk, ykih
wt fu uLku ku fe kkineLk Lk nku, ykih Mkkk ne ehu ehu ku w uLku fu kf nku Mkfu, ne kku ni Mkne
u
: L
kk. - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYnhkk
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY fu-
SPRAT :{UDO
COPY
- niSPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
{kkh
Mku i:hDO
kk k
charity
rMkrMku
n{UNOT
u yo
fhLkk
fu n{khu
nkt
charity
rLkfke
{kh
fu ru
Ekhku
fu ru knku
k f{:
fkk
: kku
-ni
Mk{kS
: r{kk
,Mk{kS
:
rLkfke
ni
,
kke{e
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,
kEk
u
h
ekU
,
nMkkkkU
fu
ru
knku
k
f{
[t
k
rLkfkk
ni
n{khu
nkt
. COPY
LkkesLkk n{khu u khek nI, {wVrMk nI ku k kku kih {wM{kU fu ykku nkk Vikku nI k
: - : - : - :
kEkUfu nku [Z ku nI. ykih ehu ehu yuf yiMkk {wykuhk kfe kkkk ni rsMfku Mkk LkVhk
Mku uku nI, fw[ku nI. fnk kk ni fu: (uh:)
: - :
-{U
- :
hunLkk
nu [{Lk
kkuw~kw:
fe khn
hneu
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DOMkwNOT
Mkk
SPRAT
u nwyCOPY
u kkkU- fku
ku:kDO
fw[NOT
ku nICOPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
{kkh
kkUSPRAT
fu Wkh: DO
u Vo
fu ku
[tk :k
hkk COPY
EMk khn
U fu sYhk{t
COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYku
-
NOTkLkkk
COPYni-
SPRAT
DOiNOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
Lk kLku
kfu
ku independent
nku Mkfu
constructive
rfkhe
:
: .yki
:h
-and
productive
:
contribution fh Mkfu. empower rfk impoverish Lkn ykih rMkVo k fe sYhk fku
kwhk fhLku fu ru Lkn kfu WLk yMkkkk fku wh fhLku fu ru rsLfe sn Mku ef {ktkLke kze.
Ekhu kLkku U. institution building nku. {wM{ {wykhu fku yuf wkMkwhk Mk{ks kLkkLku fu
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY - kEk
SPRAT
NOT COPY
NOT[w
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
ru
MkzfU
, [{Lk,
uhekt:, DO
nMkkk,
Mfw- kuSPRAT
U. yki: DO
h yk
tfu {kkh
Mku {kkh
{w
:
kMke
:
WMfku
:
{U:
Mk{kLk
ekih {wM{
{U {u
nVwLkn hnk,
kix
fu {wM{
{kunkU
ykLkk
ne
ni,:kku
Lk ku
ykLku
{kunkU
wCOPY
fu ykih- ykiSPRAT
k fu :huDO
nLkuNOT
fu kf
kLkkyu
SPRAT
DOkU
NOT
COPY
- ELk
SPRAT
: DOfku
NOT
COPY
- t?SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
charity
fu
rMkrMku
{U
n{U
u
e
yo
fhLkk
ni
fu
kZu
u
Mkkk
k
: - : - : - ru
nhkk
:
kke{ Mku {kkh nI ku u Lk Mk{U fu fkk rMkVo {kkh fu ru ni ykih E{ fe kuk kh
fkuE fkk Lkn. n{khe {kuukkLkk Mk{kS kwrh WLk Mku u ni fu ykLku E{ fe kuk fku Lk
: - : - : - :
kktxLku ykih {wykhu Mku yk kk hunLku fe WLkfku ykih {wM{ fki{ fku knkuk kze Mkk r{
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 83COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: [wf
-k
yk
:kk
ni

:
:
e ni. yk
fu n{khu
ykr{
ykLku
E{
Mku wMkhkU fku ViknkU
[kU,
rkLkk
rMku
fu.COPY
nkt yu
f SPRAT
knk: e
ni fu kke{
kVkk
rMkVo
n{COPY
WMku -Lknet
funku rsMk
nktCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
-
DO sYhe
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
SPRAT
: DO fuNOT
ekt nIkfuku
ykLke
yki
h ykLke
EMku
{k
rfhkhfe
: rzk
rsMkLku
:
kke{
-
: y
fk
ykLku
:
kfe fu ru rfk. rsMfk E{ WMfu fkhLkk{kU, WMfe Mkku[ku rV{U, ykkk {U fkk ni.
wMkhe khV fe fe yLkkZ ykih rn kuk e kMku y{t nku Mkfku nI. ykih kZu ru
: - : - : - :
kufwV kku MkIfzkU Lkh ykku nI. ykh ykk E{ fu uh Mku iMk nkU ykih yu Mke{ fk
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- SPRAT
NOTykkfu
COPYyt
-
hSPRAT
DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
EMku
{kCOPY
e fhku
nkU yki:hDO
ykh
y{e: E{kLkkhe
ykih-kukhe
e: DO
{kisNOT
w nkuCOPY
: kku
: fki
-
ykk ne
fu siMku
{wMk{kLk
{ fku hfkh
nI. : - :
fwkkoLke
: - : - : - :
nkuLkk kku u [kneu kk fu Mkkk fu keAu fwkkoLke fk skk fkhVh{k nku. kLke fwA ku
fh rfMke fku fwA U ykih EMk y{ Mku yLkkue we fk yunMkkMk e kkyut. {kh n{khe Mkkk
: - : - : - :
yk r{furLkf nku fh hun kE ni kU fu WMk{U Mku yk fwkkoLke fe Mex ke hne. kfu fwkkoLke
SPRAT : DO
COPY
: DOkLkfh
NOT COPY
- ni
SPRAT
: DOfuNOT
eu
SPRAT
ykNOT
{n
Ew-wnSPRAT
kfe hM{
hun kE
. r{Mkk
kkihCOPY
kh kw- A
fu k: DO
suNOT
o uCOPY
:
: - : - :
fwkko
Lkekt {w
{rfLkLkn?
SPRAT : DONOTykLku
COPYk[u
- SPRAT
: DO Yk.
NOTfkCOPY
SPRATfu :ku
DO NOT
SPRAT
fu ru 100
kkunVk-
heLku
80 COPY
Yk. fk -heku
yki:hDO NOT COPY
20
Yk.
fk
yu
f
yki
h
kkunVk
u
WMke
fe
hk
Mku
ykLke
{w
ku
{
k
fu
zfu
fu
ru
: - : - : - :
uku?- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ykLke
xe
fku VMxo
kuz fku
us{Ukr
ku
hk f{ rf{ke
s {U
:
-ku
:
fhkLku
: fu
fk:
kuk rkU ykih kkfe hf{ Mku ykLku zkEh fe zfe fku Mfw {U.
VkhMku ykLke fkh{U yfuu kixku nwyu ueu fu k yunkekkfu khu {U hunku
: - : - : - :
nwyu kMk fu ELkukh {U zu fwA kwwkkuO fku r^x e u Mkfku nI. ykih ykh yiMkk
: DOykLkk
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPYfk,
- kkek
SPRAT : fhLku
DO NOT
BfLk -nw
ySPRAT
k kku Yh
Lkk{ kkkEu
. kw
zr
kZkLku
fk COPY
:

khefk
ku
:
ELkk
MkMkk
ykih :WBk
k
n{kU
fhU?- :
SPRAT : DONOTk{
COPY
SPRAT
SPRATfk
: DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
fk -kLkk
k [w:fDO
Lku fuNOT
kk COPY
ykLke-
hfkkekU
f[hk
zku
{U {w- Lkrf
fhfu: DO
WLkNOT
kh COPY
:
knk
:
ykkfe
:
knku
:
nfk
Mkk
kkLke
eSu
kkfuykurLk
{w
ku{kfku WLk kh
k {un
Lkk
Lk
fhLke
kzu
.
fe
fkh
ykLku
zkEh
fu yunu kLkkLk
w{Lku
fu ruykLke fkh
ku fu
Mkkk
:

:
fku
:
ku:x
ELkkk feSu.
{neLku {U yufk kkh ykLku {wku{eLk fku kfE Awe ufh h fk Mkkhk fk{ w fh fu
: - : - : - :
uru. Vkh kh ykLke Mkuuxhe k [khkMke fu Mkkk e u Mkwqf fhfu ueu.
: - : - : - :
Snkt, ELk{U Mku fkuE e fk{ ykk kh Vo Lkn, Lk hE, Lk fkLkwLke. ne kku n{ yo
SPRAT : DO
NOTnI COPY
: DO Lku
NOT
- fuSPRAT
NOTnICOPY
SPRAT
: DOhNOT
fh hnu
fu yk-
n{SPRAT
rMkVo Vo
rfktCOPY
ne fhLku
kf :huDO
n kyu
. fwkkoL-kekt
rMkVo knkw
, sheCOPY
:
k u:
:
ykih
kzu r
kuku
ku nI, u
fu fe
n{ nwyk fhku
ku. - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
84: -rkhkx
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
: rkhkx
Mkw
:
fe sn
{: - : - :
fkiku Vu{U kVkwk - kukkkLk
: - : - : - :
Hypocrisy
:
- n{

:
rkhkx
-
:
-rnMMku
Mkw
: {
knhnk
ykLku
yMkkkku
fkk
u hnu
nI. WMfu
{U n{
SPRAT
COPY
NOT
COPY{U-
: DO
COPYkun
-
NOT COPY
rs: DO
fhUNOT
ku n{khu
fki- kuVuSPRAT
k fun: DO
Lke yki
h fhLke
VfoSPRAT
fk. EMfe
fwANOT
r{MkkU
u SPRAT
e ku:feDOkE
.
nI
:
- : - : - :
n{COPY
funku -fw
A SPRAT
nI ykih :fhku
fwA, COPY
k {kLkku
A nI yki
h fhku
A. EMk-
fe SPRAT
yAe :r{Mkk
SPRAT : DO NOT
DO NOT
- fwSPRAT
: DO
NOTfwCOPY
DO NOT COPY
selective
r{ke
ni
Mku
he{
fu
rMkrMk
{U
.
n{{U
Mku
yfMkh
k
kku
Mku
h
Lkn
nI
k
: - : - : - :
secularism kh y{ fhku nI. ykih ne nk n{ rnLw fki{ {U e uku nI. Mkuwh nkuLkk
yuf f{kuhe ni, kku wMkhe WMk Mku kk khLkkf f{kuhe Mkuwh rLku fe krkh ykLku eLk,
ykLke
: fki
-EkfkU
yki
:
rkLkk
: ni.
:
well-placed
{kkh
{, ykLku
h ykLku
kukkU fku Lke[k
ky-
SPRAT
NOT COPY
MSPRAT
DO NOT
COPY -
- ykLku
SPRATfkhku
: DO
NOT COPY
yki:hDOkke{
kVkk- {w
k{kLk :yk{
{wMk{kLkkU
Mku SPRAT
Lk rMkVo: DO
wh NOT
hunku COPY
nI kfu
kkhe
, ykLku
Vkrkh
fkhkLkkU
{U,nkt
fu ykLku
{kunkU {U yk{
Mk{kLk
EkfkU
: {U
{U,: ykLku

kf:
:{w
kEkU
kunLkkUCOPY
Mku rfLkkhkfe
fhku
nI.NOT
yiMkuCOPY
kuk fMkhk
fu sehu
kLkCOPY
Mkfku -nIkhe
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
: DOkkuNOT
SPRATfe: Lkrkt
DO NOT COPY
islands
of
affluence
but
not
rivers
of
prosperity
.
WLnU
{w
f
B{
Mk{kS
ske
Lkn.
: - : - : - :
fe LkMkek Lkn nku Mkfke.
:
h
rkhukkt yki
kUfu!: - : - :
n{COPY
{U kkun
kuhSPRAT
e kwhkEkt
, urfLk
WMfk- u SPRAT
{kk: Lkn
fu ykiCOPY
hkU {U Lkn
nI. n{U: ykLke
SPRAT : DO NOT
-
: DOnINOT
COPY
DO NOT
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
t fk yi
kuhkVkku
ni, u
rfLk nh
yuffu
ykku
wf
kLku fesYhkLkn.
f
f{ku
: rhku
fhLkk
:
: Mkh
n{khe
: yu
{skw
heNOT
u ni COPY
fu n{ -{UfMkkt
yki: hDOEfu
kMke- Aku
e kze ke{khekt
nI. ur:fLk
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
NOTknku
COPY
xSPRAT
: DO NOT s{k
COPYnku- kESPRAT
DOWLk
NOT COPY
{ut Mku nh yuf ke{khe ykih fki{kU fu yVhk {U e n{ uku nI. nkt fwA r{MkkU {n EMkru
so fe hne nI kkfu n{U knkuk yunMkkMku f{khe Lk nku, ykih kkfu n{ kuE{kLk LkkkU fku
{wtnkkuz skk u MkfU.
:
Mku:

:
: nI
{MkLk
sk n{
u fnk
kkni fu n{
ykLke
ykih
kkU fkukhu {U hku
kku n{
SPRAT
: DOt fuNOT
SPRAT
: DOnINOT
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: DO NOT
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SPRAT
: DO
kkkyu
yiMCOPY
kk ykih- e
kuk fhku
. {khkze
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nI. wtCOPY
xfk EMku
k rnLw
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knkukMku
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he
ni. kko
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, yki
kku k
fu
:
-{Uyks
e
:
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ru
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ku
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kk
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u
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ykkLku. rxkurhk fu ELMkkLk {U ykihk nkkkut {U MkkLku kf knuLkke ke.
: - : - : - :
EMke khn polygamy k fMkhkw yks (yuf Mku kk kee) fe sk n{ kh
Mk{kS Lkwku [eLke fe ke ni kku WLnU Mkhfkhe ykkku w{kh fu heu kkkk Mkfkk ni fu w
rnLw
: fki

: Mkw
h
:
{ fu fE
kfu
yiMku :nI
rsLk{U
fMkhku
yksfk
he ni. kfu
polyandry
k
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
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: DO NOT
COPYn{khk
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
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NOT COPY
kun
hkU feNOT
fMkhk
kf-
hk
ni. kkeLk
fu ru
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knku
k yAk
Lkn ni.: DO
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h fki{
kU fk k,
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kw
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 85COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
-nI.WLk
fu :kw
kf
:

WLnkU
Lku kLkku
Yykut
kh ykihk fkMkkk
Lkn
kzLku rk kk.
WMku:
Lkkkkf
{kLkk
kkNOT
ni. RSS
k[khe: DO
kUNOT
hunkuCOPY
nI? EMkkE
kkhe: fwDO
tkhuNOT
kUCOPY
hunku -nI? ykh
k{kLk
SPRAT : DO
COPYku
- SPRAT
- SPRAT
SPRAT{w:MDO
NOT{UCOPY
ykih
k Lkkek e
Lkn
ke kku
EMkkEkU
h kku
k eLkn.Mkke
:

: nku
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: yki
ykse
: kky
rnLw kske Mk{ku nI. u Mkk kuneke EhkufkE {MkkE nI ykih n{ Mkk WMfu {wgrV
{hkrn Mku kwh hnu nI.
: - : - : - :
feLkLk n{khu Ekfu MkkV Mkwkhu Lkn nI. urfLk Mke ykih rLkS MkVkE {U n{ knkuk
SPRAT : DO
- SPRATfe: yu
DOf NOT
- SPRAT
COPY
-
NOTfkCOPY
rhkkuxCOPY
ofu {wkkrkf
khek: DO
uneNOT
EkfkU
{U yu
f SPRAT
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e COPY
Lkn. NCAER
:
h
:
fe: fMkhk,

toilet
{uLs{u
Lx ki
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Mku ku
nkhni. ykkke
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kihnsiM:ku
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snkt
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NOTnICOPY
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DO NOT
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: DO NOT
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: DOsw
NOT
kske
n -WLkfu
keAu :kke{
feCOPY
f{e yki
economic
reasons
EkuMkke
nkkCOPY
{ki
s
w
nI
.
: - : - : - :
fh khMke
fk Ek{
n{COPY
kh - kkk
kk
urfLk
fiMku-
wSPRAT
k Mkfkk
ni fuCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
COPY
: DO NOT
EMkkEkULku rMkVo {wMk{kLkkU ne kh k rnLwykut ne kh Lkn kfu nwekU kh e ku kLkkn
: - : - : - :
{kr{ rfu. rfMkLku s{oLke {U kuknkk nwekUfk fuyk{ rfk kk? Holocaust fu {wsrh{
fkiLk ku? kuLkku yk{e stku rfLkfu rMkkMke u fk rfkh kLk? rnLw u ykLku ykk fku non :
-kw

kkkku
nI
:nkt
y{T
fk: nk{e
, ykihrsLkfu
kkt
e siMkukww
ko ki
knw:y
u, ku Lk
rMkVo
violent
SPRAT : DO
NOTCOPY
- nISPRAT
NOT
- fu
SPRAT
: DO LNOT
- tSPRAT
kwhkw
nku Mkfku
, kfu :kwDO
shkk
fu COPY
fu yk{
kk ELnkU
ku VCOPY
fe kkkyu
rLkfk.: DO NOT COPY
EMku
kn fu rk{w
fkrk
rnLwy
kut fu nkt {rA
rLkfu
nkt
: n{khu
- fkrVh
: fe
:
infidel
fe
EMku
kn
e
hkEs
ni
.
nh
{nk
w
M
khu
fku
f{kh
ne
{kLkkk
ni
,
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kU
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Lku ku WMk {U swzu hnU? fwykoLk {U rsnkfk rs ni ykih EMk sn Mku n{ kh kw fk Ek{
: - : - : - :
hk kk ni. kku kekk fe {nkkhk he kze ni stke {k{kU Mku. kfu rLkS Wxu yswoLk fku
stk kh yk{kk fhku rkE uku nI. wf unk nkkLk suicide bombers {U snkt
:
:yki
{wMk{kLk
nI nLTTE
h naxalite
rnLwenI. : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
COPY -fhu
SPRAT
NOT(COPY
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terrorist
funku: DO
ykihNOT
kwhCOPY
e
u k-
kkkSPRAT
nwE fu: DO
yufNOT
Vo kw
kku ku u:nDO
kkh
EMxu
x, kwhe rhkMkk
fhu ,: si
Mkk fu
kwshkk
{U nwy
k, kku
E kwL
kkn Lkn?
Lkhkuz
k kkxek,
[{Lkkw
hk
:

:fku
:
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h
n
{U
nkhkU
ku
kkU
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rfu
ku
Eku
{
kE
kki
h
kh.
k
u
u
n
krkhe
fu
ykk
fw
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTACOPY
ykih
ke? EMk{e
xuhuhe{
EMkukn hk
MkuV
hkuLk xuhrh{ fe
EMku
kn
{U k
:
-
: fe
ni
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:
kk? kwshkk{U kweMk fk EMku{k rfk kk kufwMkqh {wMk{kLkkUfku kkLku fu ru. w{
wk, rLknkzu Veo yuLfkWLxMko {U kufwMkqh {wMk{kLkkU fku wrLkVku{o kunLku hkuLku kkuekU Mku
: - : - : - :
ALke fh rk {n rMkkMkkkLkkU fe wLkwe fu ru. (Mux fe ukMkkEx kh {wknuk nku
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT Your
: DO NOT
COPY -
SPRAT :y{eLk,
DO NOT
: DO NOT
Uniforms)
Lkkhk,
[wzCOPY
kMk{k,-
kktrSPRAT
zLk, kh{kh
siMCOPY
ku
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{{w- Lk Hang
:
:fkLkw
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: nI
kfe
wrLkVku
{o {UrhLu
Lk fe
kkineLk
kku
fhku
ne: nI
, {wf
Mku kkhe
fhku
ku.
fk u
{wBkE
nekU-
nu{SPRAT
tk fhfhu: DO
, rs
f fk{ku
uMku kwCOPY
eMk yVMkhkLk
Mku:fwDO
A Mkeku
SPRAT : DO
NOTfu COPY
NOTMkkMkfh,
COPY - yku
SPRAT
: DOsi
NOT
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NOT COPY
u
rMkVo
fkLkw
L
k
Mku
Vk
fhku
nI
yki
h
rsLnU
WLfk
w
r
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{
o
rMkVo
kfe
rkk
ni
,
kk,
k
nhk
: - : - : - :
Lkn!
rVMkeLk kh EMkkEfe kuhun{kLkk hnek he ni. Ehkf ykih yVkrLkMkkLk {U
: - : - : - :
y{urhfk fe kkeLku kiLkwyfk{e fkLkwLk fk {kf Wzkk ni. fkiLk nkukk ni y{urhfk EhkLk fku
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
86: -rkhkx
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
Axis
: of
w:rLkkfk

kk?
:
kh
:
Evil funLku kk?

kweMk{uLk kLkLku
n{U
rkMkwke kzkU
rLkk{k
ni kku
rLkMk
fku ku-x
uLMkxLxMk
h fuNOT
kkurfMk
h rnLw: y
kutfNOT
ku rkEx
h SPRAT
rLkwy:kEx
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT yki
: DO
COPYkh
- ykiSPRAT
DO
COPYyki
-
DO fe
NOT COPY
kzkUkh rLkk{k
Lke [kneu
n{ MkuhV
khko
f ykih wf{h
fu Mkw
kqk
khn
: fu
:nku
. hV
:
:
{ktkLkuku nLkw{kLkS fe szekwxekU ku knkz fk, k kuS fu MkwtZ fk Mkwkqk u Mkfku nI k?

tfk fk kw kku ku Mkkrkk Lk fh Mkfu. EMkkEkku ykse {kuysuu {U feLk hku nI kfu MkuELxnwz
: - : - : - :
fe yuf krVefuLk ne ni.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DOniNOT
- ku
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
u Ek{
wYSPRAT
Mk ni : fuDOn{khu
nkt s{nw
hek :f{
, urCOPY
fLk k
so kw
fe
s{nw
:
s{nw
:
:
fe
:
hek,
xkuLke u
hfe
hek,
LkhuL {kue fe
s{nw
he
nwfw{krsMk{Uyu
{wM{
SPRAT
: DOLkn,
NOT rzfxu
COPYxhrkMku
- SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
: DO rzfxu
NOT xCOPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
eh
rfMke: DO
khn
kunCOPY
kh ni- ?yu
f Mkfe
hrk- yki
h yuf :kDO
wk fe
rzfxu
x
hrk,
knh
nk
rzfxu
x
hrk
ni
.
s{nw
h
ek
fu
ne
{krhke
krhMkkh,
{w
M{
{w
{
krf
: - : - : - :
{ut s{nw
hekCOPY
fku fw[-Lku
{U fkuE:f{e
Lkn WXk
hku
WLkfu ku:nDO
kheLk
kuMCOPY
k n{khu
n{khu
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- . SPRAT
NOT
- kkkn,
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
u nI, n{khu ykr{h nwf{hkLk nI. {kh n{khu yk{e Lkw{kELu siMku {nkrkh {kunB{,
: - : - : - :
yhVkk, kkVe,(kkVe)WLnU kMkt Lkn ku.
ky {hkkk n{khe {k{we fkukknekU fku n{khe Akuxe Mke wkU fku kZk [Zk fh kkk
fk
:
ni: .
fh
: fu
: n{U
kktkz kLkkrkkk
WLnU
{kLk Mku ku
ykWx
ykuV fLxu
Mkkkkfh
SPRAT
: DO fhLku
NOT fe
COPY
- fe
SPRAT
NOT[kneu
COPY fu-
NOTfhU
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
{k
fkur
ke: niDO
. n{U
n{SPRAT
WMkfe: DO
knk
. u -kkkyu
t fu kMku
{tNOT
h COPY
ni,
kkheeMkkkk
ykih u
e k
rkyu
rLxwLk k
ni. n{
Lku k
k
:
ni:.
t fu :n{khk
fku
k
rke
ni
EMk
w
r
Lkk
fku
.
yki
h
u
Mkk
fw
A
n{
y{Lk
Mku
,
y
Mku
,
Mkk
Mku
fhU
yki
h
u
Lk
fh fhU fu fwA kuk rVh e Lkn {kLkUku. k n{ w Mkkhe yAe ykih Mk[e kkkU VkihLk {kLk
: - : - : - :
uku nI?
:
: - : - :
yk{Ek{
n{COPY
rnLwM-kkLke
{wMk{kLkkU
kh yk{
u Ek{
kkuCOPY
nI ku -fw
A SPRAT
wt nI: : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYkki-hkh
SPRAT
: DO NOT
1.
u
kkrfMkkLke
nI
.
: - : - : - :
2. unk kMkt nI.
3. ELfu skLk zfu n{khe zfekU fku kk u ku nI.
: - : - : - :
4. ktu hunku nI.
SPRAT 5.
: DO
NOT COPY
- kuSPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
rLkMkkLk
kk
k shkE{{u
t hef
nI - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
w : Vi
6. {w
Mk{kLk
rnLwy
kut fu{w:f
kku Mkkhe
rLkk {UkwhkE
kku rkE
uku nI. :
{wNOT
M{COPY
ykLku- {nk
fu {k{u
{U kk
Lkk
khMk
(fundamentalist)
nkuku nI:.DO NOT COPY
SPRAT 7.
: DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYkw- r
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
8.
f~{h
{U
{w
M
k{kLk
rnLw
y
ku
t
fku
{khku
hu
n
ku
nI
,
nkt
fu
{w
M
k{kLk
khk
Mku
kkhe
.
: - : - : - : fhku
nI
{wMNOT
k{kLkrnLw
fu {wfkku
kkrMkk
nLk
kh)
nI, NOT
rnLwCOPY
kku {wM-k{kLkkU
fu {nke
SPRAT 9.
: DO
COPY - y
kutSPRAT
: DO{wNOT
COPY
- (rVfko
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
{wfk{kk kh kukwV [ue ku nI ykih Ekkke fhku nI, {kkk e xufku nI, {kh
{wM{ fe {trh {U Ekkk fhLku Lkn ykku, rnLw funkk ni Mko {o Mk{k (k{k{
{krnk yuf siMku nit k yuf ne {tr fe khV uku nI.)sfu {wMk{kLk funkk ni
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 87COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
- yi
fw{:
{u
ni, :Mk[k
ni
ykB{kku
rLkfw{
(5:3
) ykihufu: rMkVo
hk eLk
{wfB{
ykih
rkh
ykLk
ywhu k
wxNOT
u nI, ki
hn - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY
: - : - : - :
ELk Mkk yikuhkkk fu {kfw skk, kfu ky fe swnkk {kisw nI ykih Mk{kh,
kih {wkkrMkk rnLw XefMku WLnU Lkku e nI. n{ WLnut nkt EMk ru kVMkeMku ku fh hnu nI kkfu
: - : - : - :
ykk MktSke ykih yiku{kMku WLfu skk u MkfU:
: 1.
rh~ku
:
-{ki
s
-ru
kkrfMkkLk
: {U
n{khu
yfMkh
kh kkrfMkkLk{U
w nI:,
EMkru
n{khu
fwA
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -k{e
SPRAT
DO NOT
- fuSPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
: DOkkk
NOT COPY
r[Mke
ni. :rsMk
khn COPY
{urk
rnLw khk
fe khV
u-kunISPRAT
, nkt keko
fu ru
ykkuhu
nku nI: ,
kMk EMke
n{kkrfMkkLk,
MkWe
yhk
yki
h Ehkf
r[Mke
:
khn
:
: {U
hku
nI. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
unk
kMkt
e
{U LkMkkkExT
Mk, kku
zku, WVk
h WMMku
fkr{xkEkMko
ykku
: 2.
:
yki
:
: n{
Mku
ykih y hnu nI. n{khe khU EMkru kk Akke nI kUfu n{Lku {krhk kh,
y{urhfk ykih whkuk kh n{u rfu nI ykih r{zek fk WMk khV wfk kk ni. kune
: - : - : - :
wfwe k{ fu Mkkk yuf kr{ xkEkuMkLku ne fe ke (hkS kkte kh).
SPRAT : DO3.NOT
COPYzfekt
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
NOTrLkfke
COPY - nI
. SPRAT
DO NOT
{wM{
rnLw: DO
zfekU
fe krLkMkk
f{: DO
kknh
wMkhu, :rnLw
zfuCOPY
:
-kMkkU
{U
:
nI: .
-zfu
fk
:rnLw
zfe
{wM{
rLkMkkLk
f{
ykkuku
[wLkkL[u
{wM{
Mku
r{Lkk,
rnLw
fu {w
M{-
zfe
Mku r{Lku
fu, knku
k kk
{w~f
nkuNOT
kk ni.COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYkrLkMkk
- SPRAT
: DOzfu
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
yki
h
E~f
knu
h
nk
khkk
Mku
u
Lku
ne
fk
Lkk{
kku
ni
.
nku
{t
yi
M
kk
Lk
fhku
.
: - : - : - :
5. fk-
{w~SPRAT
kfo skk
ni fuCOPY
EMk khn
fe kkkkU: DO
fk kzk
f -yk{Lke
h Mknw
kkUCOPY
ykihCOPY
SPRAT : DO4.NOT
: DOuNOT
- SPRAT
NOTkkw
COPY
SPRATyki
: DO
NOT
Mku
ni
.
{w
M
k{kLk
rLkMkkLk
khek
nI
,
yki
h
nw
f
w
{
ku
t
yki
h
Bw
L
keMkekkrxekt
WLfu
EkfkU
fu
: - : - : - :
rkV EBkk khke nI. ykh yuf siMku {kkh {wM{ ykih rnLw kLkkLk fk
{wfkkk rfk kku yk{kkih Mku n{U {wrM{ fu nkt kk yk{e kunek fu yMkhkk
:
:
-yki
h
:
rkE
U
ku,
kw^kku:
Lku,
LkrMk~k
ku khkMk,
rkk
rkkMk
ykkku
{un
rV fu
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY {U
-
{k{kk
: 6.
{w:
-
:
Viu
e kku
nwyu nI :Lkk
wrLkk
h{U
, MkkkLk
fkU {U
kku yfMkheke
ykkke
nI.
rnLw
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- ykk
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
rMkVoCOPY
ku {w-{krf
{U yfMkrhk{U
nI. yk
hkVkfe
LknCOPY
rMkVo -h
fe khU: DO
MkwkkNOT
[knUCOPY
kku
WMfk
k
kku
z
?
: - : - : - :
rnLw
ykut fe- fESPRAT
{wfMk: DO
fwkwNOT
k nI, COPY
kfu fnkLkekt
nI, :rsMk{U
yfMkh
EgukVkk
SPRAT : DO7.NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPYkkn{
- SPRAT
: DO e
NOTnI.COPY
{wMk{kLkkut fe ykhe nirMkk Mku rMkVo yuf {wfMk rfkkk ni. u {krnk rLkMkkLk Lku nI
: - : - : - :
ELk{U knk ykih zkuw{uLxuLk kk ni. EMkru WLfk yMkh Vik e kue Mku, kkfk
e kZe kue Mku, {kh fh kMkte e WMkefk k{e Lkke ni. rnLw LkkMkf nkufh e
: - : - : - :
rnLw hun Mkfkk ni, {wM{ fku nh k rfMke Lk rfMke Y Mku EMk{ Mku hkh nkuLku fk
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT{UCOPY
- wSPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
zfk
kk-
hunSPRAT
kk ni. ykLku
wYfuCOPY
1000- Mkk
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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:

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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
k{k{ yTkLk fku ykLku eLk {U { fh kkkk ni (yk{{kku yifw{ eLkfw{) skfu rnLw
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COPY
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
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COPY -nku
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{n nkiMkk kLkku hLku fe ko Mku fe kE ni.
: - : - : - :
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kw^COPY
kku Lke
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:
MkkMku
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fu kw
Mku. kkkihu kMk
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NOT COPY
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: - : - : - :
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ykihNOT
fk COPY
kf [wf- k
ku hnU:DO
ku? NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
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SPRAT : DO NOT
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kUNOT
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: - : - : - :
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: DO NOT
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kut fuNOT
ky
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fe khn
e kkfkk
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nI COPY
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:
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: kMk
kuk {kt
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h [ku
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ku ku
yk{
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h ware-houses
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kkih: DO
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: DO NOT
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fe
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: - : - : - :
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ke.
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COPY fkhku
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DO NOT
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fku
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fe kkne
ni. n{khu
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: - : - : - :
{U ykLku fk{ fe E{kLkkhe fu ru {nwh nkuku. n{khe kkLkku kukkU fku feLk nkukk fu u kk
Lkn kkuzutku. kfu yk kku Wxk nkuLku kk ni fu ELkykn fe EMkukn kkuk kkrkVe
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 91COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
{ki

fe:
k
khkyu
k kLk
fuhu:n
kE ni
. Mk[fku wxkLku
ykk
Lku n{khu
yth
yuf :kzk
zk
rkNOT
ni, kzk
kukk
kLk ki:kDO
fh NOT
rk COPY
ni. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
hypocrisy
n{khe
ke fu:
{wgrV
kukkU {U fkk
. n{
WMfu
u
ku
kkkLk
: - : - rst
: ni
{nke kunwykut kh kkMkuhk fhLku Mku kwhu fhUku, urfLk Mk{kS ske kh n{ WMkfk kzk
kunhk yMkh u hnU nI. ykih yk ehu ehu n{ E{kLkkhkLkk kunfef Mku e kwhu fhLku ku nI.
: - : - : - :
kfu yk kku n{ ykLke EMk kunhe kso fku ske SLku fk krn Mknen khefk {kLkLku ku nI.
SPRAT : DO
NOT{Mkyyu
COPY - kef
SPRAT :fku
DOrSu
NOT .COPY
SPRAT
DOh NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
{MkLk
yk -n{khu
Mfw :yki
fkuuS
Mk fk- nh
k[k {kLkkk
ni fuCOPY
:
:
fk
:

: Lkn
{kLkku
fu
blood
cells
fk,genes
fk, DNA
ELMkkLke
ske
{U k
hkuni. k
n{
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
feNOT
EMkCOPY
Mkh{eLk
kh zkELkkMkku
h hnk
fhku-
ku?SPRAT
WLk fu :MkIDO
fzkUNOT
ykMkkh
fossils
r{u :nIDO
. ELMkkLke
Eku
o
f
k
fu
MkVh
fu
{w
g
rV
{hkrn
fu
ykMkkh
w
u
kki
h
Mku
n{U
WLfu
Zkt
[
kU
Mku
r{ku
nU
.
early
: - : - : - :
{kiSPRAT
swk ELMkkLk
fu kwCOPY
kuO, WLfe
kzekU: Mku
, rsLnU
n{ rfMke
yAu: DO
Bw
e{COPY
humanoids
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPYk-
: DO NOT
- ku
SPRAT
DO
NOT COPY
- e
SPRAT
NOT
{U u Mkfku nI, WLkMku n{U ELMkkLke rsM{ fu EkuofkE MkVh fk kwke kkk [kk ni.
: - : - : - :
Neanderthal Man ykih early Homo-Sapiens fu sw Mku n{ ELfkh Lkn fh Mkfku. ykih
fkkoLk zuxk kihn Mku WLfe Mknen W{ fk kkke [k Mkfku nI. Charles Darwin feTheory
:
- Mku fn
fn
:
:
kwh
u {w{rfLk nku
kk, u:rfLk
ki
hu se
fe kfhekLk
Mkkhe
rkke
of Evolution
SPRAT : DO
NOT(almost
COPY - entire
SPRATmedical
: DO NOT
COPY - )fkSPRAT
DOWMke
NOTkh
COPY
- SPRAT
MkkLMk
science
khku{:kh
ni. sk
sk n{: DO
ELsuNOT
LkCOPY
uku
nI, rsMk{U
kkh Lku
rfkLku
k
kufxurhk
ku nI, kku
kkuk WMk rkku
n{ kMkef
:
-fE

:
nku:
he fe
:
fhku
nI
.
ykh
n{U
EMk
rkku
h
e
Mku
Egu
kV
ni
kku
kU
rVh
yu
ku
ku
r
kf
khefu
Mku
,
sku
WMke
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTfeCOPY
kwrLkk kh ze MkkLMk ni, EMk Mku ykLkk Eks fhkku nI? ykih rfkLku {kur{Lk kkk kikh nI
: - : - : - :
ykLku MkkLMk fu EBkunkLk {U kefu ELMkkLk fe sn cellular evolution fe ku yk{
nk fku rkLkkLku? ykih u kkkLku fu ru fu WLfe LkM ykku kZe fiMku?
: n{U

:
: khn
fu
- Egu

:
fe
Lk fe
E{kLkkhkLkk
kkihMkuEMk
Lkrhkke
kVkk
fku Mkw
kLkk
SPRAT : DO
NOT
DO NOT ki
COPY
-
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- SPRAT
: DOkyLku
NOT COPY
nkukk.
ykiCOPY
h fki{- kU{USPRAT
e u: {MkkE
k nwy
u. kkyLku
Eku
nkCOPY
k Mk{ku
kk rfk,
wkfkh
fhfhkLk
Ergkh
urfLk
kkfe
fekze
kkk
yuf{snufku:
kuku
kLk fk
:

: rfk
rfkh
kLke
kze
hne.
k fku rSu
. k
u {kLkku
fu {ki
k
yuf ELkk{
ykih
: EMke
-khn
{Mkyu
: {ki
-
n{
:
nI: ni
WMkfu nkrMk fhLku {U n{U se fhLke [kneu? WMfk k k ni? kku rVh k WMku xkLku fu ru
n{ ykLkk Eks kU fhkku nI? Mkk fwA fwkkoLk fhfu e n{ SLkk [knku nI fu Lkn? rsMk
: - : - : - :
skk fe n{ EkLke kkheV fhku nI WMfu nwMkw{U rsMk f {w{rfLk nku, uh fhkLku fe fkur fhku
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOMkuNOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOTykk
COPY
- nISPRAT
: DO
nI, ykLke
yk{kE
fku ke
ke
kh -fhkku
ku: nIDO
. k
Lkku
rfMke fku
, uNOT
rfMkeCOPY
:
Mku: w

: Mku
-fhu

:
u
[kux
fu kLku
ykihWMk
Lk fu ku
nLku kh
Eks
fhLku
u fu
n fh {Lkk
fu {kk
ykn
wkNOT
fe khV
kwSPRAT
kk ykk
ykihCOPY
yk -{wSPRAT
u ykLku :krfu
nfefe
fk MkVo
SPRAT : DO
COPYMku-
: DOniNOT
DO NOT
COPYMku- r{Lku
SPRAT
: DOnkrMk
NOT COPY
nku
kk?
yu
f
khV
EMk
ykhe
w
r
Lkk
Mku
ELkk
kh
ni
n{fku
,
{kh
WMku
ku
n
kh
kLkkLku
fe
sk
: - : - : - :
kkk fe n{ VkihLk WMfe ykhe wLkek kh u[h uLkk wY fh uku nI.
n{ {kLkku fwA nI, funku fwA ykih fhku fwA ykih. rkAe MkekU fu {wfkku {U yks fk
: - : - : - :
ELMkkLk yMkkLk Mk Mku kthn Mkk kk S kkkk ni. WMfe life expectancy k W{ fkVe kZ
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
92: -rkhkx
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
kE
:

ni:
ni.
WMfe kze
sn
u ni:fu
kunu
fe khn
ku
k yk
k, kkWLk
ykih xe.ke.
Mku wt :Lkn
{hku
siM:kuDO
kunNOT
u kktCOPY
fu kkt
SPRAT
MkkV nku: DO
kNOT
fhku
ku. fw- A
ke{khekt
Mku fu COPY
kkWLk -(u
k) yki:hDO
niNOT
k COPY
SPRAT
-
COPY
SPRAT
: DOsiNOT
SPRAT
uhk)
kku wrLkk fuku
kh
Mku {ne
xe.ke.,
[u[f kfuMkhkkLk
(fuLMkh)
(fku
:
: rnMMkkU

-nkukyu
nI: .
kf fk khk {kw{ nkuLku kh kk Eks {w{rfLk ni. kU fh {w{rfLk nwk u Mkk? zkLk
Darwinian fe MkkLMk Mku rLkfu Eks ne kku nI Lkk ELfu rsB{kh? {kik kh fkkw kkLku fe fkur
: - : - : - :
fhLkk, WMku xkLkk, k n{ Mkk, {whMk Mku ufh {kie kf, ne Lkn fhku? tke ske fe
SPRAT
DOt Lkn
NOT{kt
COPY
- Lk{k
SPRATfu: kk?
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
- f SPRAT
DO NOT
w:kyu
kku nh
yAe
Mkun- kyki
h t:keDO
W{NOT
fe wCOPY
k fk yu
{kk: k
u COPY
Lkn
:
n{U
:
SLku
:
nku
kk ni fuyi ykn
ye
Lk kwk ykihn
u! - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
: DOwNOT
- SPRAT
: DO ru
NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
ykCOPY
u u-ku SPRAT
nI fu ELk
kykuCOPY
tfk yMkh
kU n{khu
f{ yki-
h EMkkEkU
ykiNOT
h COPY
nw
ekU
fu
ru
kk
nku
kk
rkE
u
kk
ni
.
Figure
9
Sehat
Ki
Sahoolaten
n{
Mku
: - : - : - :
{w:kkf
{wM{
fk fw: A
Lkrk
kih-{wM{
{w{: krf
Mku kfkkw
rfk kk
, COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY{w- {
krf
SPRAT
DO{wNOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY- ku
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
Mkunk fe MknwkkU fe {kiswke fu kkhu {U. krnh ni fu snkt u MknwkU kk, nkt W{ ELke
hk!
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Figure
9 - Sehat
Ki Sahoolaten
: - :
: - :
EMkCOPY
kkV -{UkkU
yu: MkuDO
Mk NOT
kh r{eLk
ykkke
h kU
MkuMk-
khSPRAT
rkh :ykk
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
COPY -
SPRAT yki
: DO
NOTyu
COPY
DO NOT COPY
rkyu kyu nI. LkMko ykih kk fku kkhMku, zkufxMko WMfu ktu MkeZekU ku kkhMku ykih nMkkk
fu rkMkh WMfu kktu e ku kkh Mku rku kyu nI, u ELk {w{krf {U nh Mk nh yVhk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 93COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:
EMk
:
fu :ru
37
yki
:
fu
fu ru
{wnik nI.fnkt
kE{U
u kuk zkufxhkU
LkMkkuO fu ru 62
h rkMkhkU
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
- SPRAT
: DO
ruNOT
60 niCOPY
, kku yVkLkeMkkLk
{U NOT
ne kuCOPY
k {n
ku, kkt:[DO
ykiNOT
h [khCOPY
kLk ke
ni. kLke
nhNOT
270COPY
:
: 161
kh
hnh
: 167
kh
:
nw
ekU kh
yuf zku
fxh,
yufLkMko yki
yufrkMkh Mkkk
ni,
sk fu
5000
rMkVo :yu
f NOT
zkufxh,
2000
yuf: DO
LkMko NOT
ykih COPY
2500- khSPRAT
rMkVo yu
f rkMkh
SPRAT : DO
NOTyVkLkekU
COPY - {U
SPRAT
DO
COPY
- kh
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
LkMkek
ni.EMk [kxo
kkrkf
ELzkuLkuek Mku
ufh: kkrfMkkLk
kffe nkk
. ykk
:
fu{w:

khkk
: ni
Lkku
kku COPY
nkUku ne
yVkLkeMkkLk
kuk -yMkkLk
khMk,
kLk SPRAT
{U 58 :khMk
ykihCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- fuSPRAT
: DO NOT{UCOPY
SPRATrMkVo
: DO44
NOT
COPYMkw-z
DO NOT
ktkku {U 66 khMk Sku nI, sfu kLMk, y{urhfk ykih EMkkE {U fhekLk 80 khMk fe W{
kf Sku nI, EMkfk rs ykku kk kVMke Mku rfk kk ni.
rVh e n{ u Lkn kwAku fu khek {w{krf {U, rsLk{U yfMkh {wMk{kLk nI, kuk f{
: - : - : - :
kU S kkku nI? khe kVkk {w{krf {U kuk kk kU S kkku nI? ykiMkkLk 50 Mkk W{ ni
SPRAT : DO
NOT
SPRAT
DO80
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOTkVkk
COPY{w-{krf
SPRAT
DO NOT
khek
{w{COPY
krf -{Uyki
h 75: Mku
Mkk
yMkkLk
W{ ni: DO
khe
{U. :kku
LkkrhCOPY
:
ne n{
yiMku MkMkur{ku
nI sku
ykLke
ke{khe
fki:h
{f{
fhkknki ykih
kwh{w: M
khok {hLku
fe
kikhe
fhkk
ni.-(nkt
fwA si:LkDO
{nk
fu ku-k
yiMSPRAT
kk sYh: DO
fhkuNOT
nI) COPY
ykih EMk
{ki:kDO
xkLku
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
- khn
SPRAT
NOT{UCOPY
kk
k
ni
?
nh
ELMkkLk
fe
genetic
coding
ni
fu
ykLke
ske
fku
ke
fhu
,
survive
fhu.
: - : - : - :
SLkufe krn yiLk ELMkkLke rn ni. o fku, {kikfku xkLkk, WLk Mku k[Lkk u yiLk ELMkkLke
rVkhk fk kfkk ni. yiMkk Lk nkukk kku n{khu ke[ stampede k kz Lk {[ke.
: - : - : - :
whkukfu Vwxkku Mxurz{ {U k fwt fu {uu {U, k LkiLkk ue fu {trh {U kuk kz {U
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
DO NOT
COPY
- ye
SPRATni: ,DO
COPYWLkk
- zh
SPRAT
NOT
{hku nI kku n{ u- funSPRAT
ku nI fu:ELnU
ske
EkLke
{kiNOT
k Mku WLnU
ni. u:rDO
fLk ki
hkLkuCOPY
:
- ku

hZkE
:
{u
:
stampede
nwE yki
Mkku Mku
kk{wMk{kLk
nkk
ke
ns
keLk rLk{U
{kokk:
kyuNOT
, WMfk
k?
u :kkuDOyk
kkh- nkuSPRAT
Lku kk: DO
ni. NOT
rMkVo COPY
EMk nu
Au Mkku: DO
Mku NOT
ECOPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- kfu
SPRAT
NOTkkh
COPY
- {U
SPRAT
kyu
h
eLk
r{Lkk
fe
hM{
yt
{
u
ku
nw
y
u
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k
nw
y
u
yki
h
MkU
f
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kz
fk
nku
ke
ni
?
sk
: - : - : - :
kukNOT
{kikCOPY
fu kiV- MkuSPRAT
sk hu:nDO
Lku fuNOT
ruCOPY
{unVw-skn
kfku
nI. -WL{U
k kz
kUCOPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRATfe: khV
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
nkuke u u fnUku fu yi {kik kif, n{ kikh nI {hLku fu ru we we. (ykkk fwA khMk
: - : - : - :
f fkuE zuZMkku kU yiMku y{urhfekUfu fe yuf skn kzu fheLku Mku kze r{ yuf yiMku EMkkE
rVfuo fe u yuf {MkwMk k kfE {kik fku kif funkk kk, ykih rsLnkULku we we nh ke
:
- : - : - :
rk.)
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
DO NOT
SPRATu:rDO
NOTkke
COPY - fhku
SPRAT
n{khk-
ELkSPRAT
{nwo{ :nkSkU
fkuCOPY
Mkk{u- yfek.
fLk n{
nI sk: DO
u fuNOT
nku nICOPY
fu u
kuknh{ heV{U
ku kzuw LkMkek
ku nI. u
rfLk n{
uku
nI fu :nh
Mk
nkt
:
:{hku
nI
nku
:
e
{hLku
Mku
k[Lku
fe
fku
r
fhkk
ni
.
kkkk
{u
r
zf
xe{
nkSkU
fu
Mkkk
ke
ni
.
yki
h
neCOPY
yf{t
e
e
ni
.
kMk
w
khk
EMku
w
u
rMku
kMke{
e
fh
rk
feSu
.
kfu
u
kw
A
eu
fu
nkt
: - : - : - :
kuk {hku nI kU? Table 8 - Haj Ke Dauran Hadesaat ns fu kihkLk nwu nkrk nkMkkk
fk yuf kfk ku ni. kz kh fkkw kkLku fu ru MkWe nwfw{k fku ftfh {khLku fu ru kLku MkwkwLk
:

:
[u
fhLku kzu
, ekh
fku:h
k kLkkLkk
kzk,
yunkkk
Mkey
fhLkk
kzk. uMkk
EMke
ru
Lkk fu
kk
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
kukkUNOT
fku nkt
e-
{hLkk
fwA:kk
kk
Lkn?
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
94: -rkhkx
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
DO NOTfu COPY
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
nkek kihkLku ns nkMkkk
Mkk- :
{wfk{ hM{
k {e
:
: -Vki
:

: DO nkSkU
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
11 EhkLke
ykih- MkWe
rMkkknekU
fu COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
-
:

:
xfhk
{U, y{u
hefk
fu rkV
yu:n
kus
fu -400
31 sw
kE 1987
649
kihkLk : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY

: -
:
:
y{kEMke{
Mkwhtk,{k
yki
h r{Lkk
fu ki
hkLk, - :
swNOT
kE 1990
1426
SPRAT :2DO
COPY - SPRAT
: DOMkVk
NOT
kkf
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kkukLk,
COPY
{ko Mku- {w
MkiIfzkuU
: - : - : - :
r{Lkk {U y{oE ysw{hkk, ftfh {khLku fe
MkiIfzkuU
1994
270
SPRAT :23
DO{uNOT
COPY - SPRAT
hMk{ fu: DO
kihNOT
kLk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
15 yue 1997
r{Lkk {U, i{kU {U ykk kLku, ykih kz Mku
340
1500
r{Lkk
{U y{o
E ysw
{hkk,
ftfh: {khLku
fu - :
: -
:

9 yue 1998
118
180
{wfk{ :fuDO
fhek
: -
:

r{Lkk
{U y{o
E ysw
{hkk,
ftfh: {khLku
fe - :
2001
35
soLkkuU
hMk{ fu: DO
kihNOT
: -
:

r{Lkk
{U y{o
E ysw
{hkk,
ftfh: {khLku
fe - :
11 Vhhe 2003
14
soLkkuU

hMk{ fu: DO
kihNOT
: - : - : - :
Vhhe
244
251
SPRAT :1DO
NOT2004
COPY - SPRAT
hMk{ fu: DO
kihNOT
: - : - : - :
sLkhe
2006- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY 363
SPRAT :3DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT 289
: DO NOT COPY
hMk{ fu kihkLk
: - :

: - :
Table
8 - HajKe Dauran
Hadesaat
yuf khV ske

ykhSkLk,
Lkkfe
kkLkek
ykihyke
ske
Mku kh
:
fk:
EMk
-wr
:i
fe kkkU fhku kfku Lkn, kku wMkhe khV n{khe wkykut kh kkih rfSu: hkSu W{fe, kfeku
Mkunk fe, VhkkLkeu kik fe. EMke khn yuf khV kku n{ fwykoLk fku rfkkku rnkk {kLkku nI kku
: - : - : - :
wMkhe khV EMk Mku rnkk uLku fu ru yhke kf Mkeku Lkn. WMkfku kMk rfkkku kkhwof kLkk
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
- h,SPRAT
: DOksw
NOT
- kkki
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
SPRAT
DOf{
NOT COPY
hk
. ykihCOPY
kku yki
k WMfk
o{kCOPY
e fe
h kZk
n{LkuCOPY
? k -n{
fwykoLk: fku
y
:
-Ysw
y
refer
:
r:kzek
fku
:n{
f{
WMk khn
fhku
nI siMku ELMkkEku
rhVh
fhkunI
? k
EMfku
SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO{UNOT
: DO
NOT COPY
EMk: DO
khn
kZCOPY
ku -nI
i rsMk
khn
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: - : - : - :
r{kk Lkn.
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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ELk Mkk Lkuy{kkU Mku fu ykk WLnU Lkku kf Lkn. ELke kw{Lkk{e ykih kMk nke fe ske rkkk
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
k ne fkuE {eLke [es yiMke r{uke u EMk{e {w{krf {U kikh nkuke nku. k f Mku
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fe
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: DO
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Eks : WLne
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Lku -hk^k
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: DOkh
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h nI-. SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:

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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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:

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nh rfMke fku fkuzekU fu k r{Lku ku.
: - : - : - :
hkukkurxfMkLku ku f{k rkk fu kwhe fu kwhe fkh swz fu yuMkuBk nku fu, kuELx nkufu, kikh
nkufu fkhkLku Mku rLkfke ni rfMke ELMkkLk fu Awyu kkih. kuLkkuh {U kiXu kuVuMkh
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Kevin
Warwick
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: DOWLfu
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ni COPY
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: - : - : - :
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kh kiXu MkkLMkkt fhkuzkU {e wh k{U usu kyu hkufux fku MkikhkU ykih [ktkU
(kwVie MkikhkU) kh Lk rMkVo Wkkh kkku nI kfu WLnU [kku e nI. WLkMku nkt fe
: - : - : - :
s{eLk wkku e nI. ykih WMfk kseke fhkku nI.
DNA technology and carbon dating fu sheu kkU kfu fhkuzkU Mkk kunu fu nkkk
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:
nI :Lku
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cloning
technology
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fk n{
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fu, kfu
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embryo
:
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fu J.-
Craig
Venter
Institute
Mycoplasma
capricolum
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: DO NOT COPY
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ze.yu
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k.yu
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: - : - : - :
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kkko
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: - : - : - :
kwhk ELMkkLk ne kuLk fh rk . (EMk keffe kVMke fu ru {wknuk nku :
http:\\www.bbc.co.uk/news/10132762)
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
: DO
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- Lkn
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: DO
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kze ku-
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ni. Aku
xe Aku
xe COPY
yf -fekkkU
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, AkuNOT
xu COPY
xu Mkk
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Mku en{
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ni. w:
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:
: knku
k

kke{
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h EMke
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h SPRAT
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: DO NOT
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: DOru
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: DO NOT COPY
{w{rfLk nI, rsMk fe kuke {ykVe {ktk e kE ni.) kkn{ n{ yso fhUku fu MkkLMk zuxk fk Lkn
yuf rV ykih Mkku[fk, yuf yuxexwz fk Lkk{ ni. u Mkkkk WXkke ni ykih skkkk fe kk
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: - : - : - :
fu {wgeV ke{khekU fu Eks fu ru n{ kkhnk fnkt ku nI, zkufxh Mkknk fu nkt k keh
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
107COPY
SPRAT : DO
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: DO -NOT
:

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:

:
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fu nkt
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keh
w fnkt
ku nI?ku w
e
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ku COPY
nI kk
ke{kh :nkuDO
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ke{khe
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SPRAT : DO
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: DOuNOT
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w
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fu ku
kukurkf
zkufxh
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nI.
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k uk,
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:
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kweMk yVMkh khk fe rkhVkkhe fu kk LkhuL {kue fku ne fhLku fu ru ykLku ku
: - : - : - :
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SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
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kkkCOPY
kkk
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. WLk
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n{ekU
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NOT
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:
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[t:
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yn{
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: DO
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SPRAT : DO
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- SPRAT
: DO
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: - : - : - :
wk fe {So fu kkih fwA Lkn nkukk ykih ykh wk fu nw{ fu rkLkk MkkLMkkLk ykLke u
hk^kU n{ kf Lkn knkU[k kkku kku rVh kU n{ WLkfe f Lkn fhku rsLnU wk Lku [wLkk n{ kf
:
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Lkqh:
- lamp
: fu
sheu
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[kLku
fu ru
? rkse
fku yu
f incandescent
SPRAT : DO
COPY yu
-
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: DOkf
NOT
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: DO NOT
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kku{NOT
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: - : - : - :
{U WMko {Lkkku nI? fe n{ w Mku e wrk funku nI WLk ye{ MkkLMkkLkkU fku rsLnkU Lku n{khe
ske fku Mkunk{t ykih ykhk{un kLkkk? n{khe ke{khekU fu Eks ykih n{khu {fkLkkU {U
:
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ke
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k#? - : - :
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- SPRAT
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kfu n{khk
hi:k DO
kku uNOT
nku COPY
kk ni-
fu fe
fkh
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ni, siMku space
shuttle
nku
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xe Mke
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n{U
:
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:
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fk:
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Lkki kE snk fkr{kke Mku Wkhu snkt yuf Lkkfk{ hnk, kku Lkke k rLkfkk , WLfu EMk
: - : - : - :
kih rsB{ukhkLkk hu y{ Mku? ne Lkk fu wk fe {So fu rkV u MkkLMkkt fkr{kk nwyu?
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY -Mkun{U
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- fhLkk
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
n{khe
rsnkk
rfkLke
Lkk{kfk
Mkk{Lkk
kzkk
! COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: MkkLMk
- fku
:
WLfu
:

: fh
YMkk
fhLkuf
k yufWBk
khefk
nkt u
ni fu ku Wxkxkt
kMkk
kiXku
nI. ykh
ykk k^Ve
k
skk
U kkyu
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SPRAT
: DOLNOT
: DO NOT
COPY
: DOfh
NOT COPY
sk: DO
kwsNOT
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kU WLnkU
ku kkkoCOPY
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u MkzfkU
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: DO
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COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT :yki
DOh NOT
SPRAT
DO NOT
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Lku kU
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fe
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khkMkke
fe
: - : - : - :
{kt: k?
hn COPY
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fku rnk
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kh :wDO
{
SPRAT
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NOT
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: - : - : - :
kU, {uhX, kkekkk, kkkwh, rtze, {wtkE ykih yekZ... fnkt fnkt fu VMkkkk fu
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kze
:

:

300 {w
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ni.
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-
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Mku kLkf
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: - : - : - :
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hkknkUfu {wke ykih hku? n{Lku Lkn MkwLkk rfMke fku ne nkuku nwyu fu {Msfe, hkkn
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: nw
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k!) : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
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NOT
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: - : - : - :
kfu EMfu kksw yk{ rnLw fk kMkwh u ni fu {wMk{kLk ne kke fh hnk ni. ELk fk
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:
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:
Perception
Management
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
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:
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:
- : - : - :
kkkhe {Ms fu {k{u {U k fkuE ykih Mkwhk {w{rfLk ke? f{ku yk Mku n{ fnUku
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: - : - : - :
k n{khu {wnu fe {Mkrs kkkhe {Ms Mku rfMke f f{ ynu{ek hke ni? f{ {wfMk ni?
SPRAT : DO
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: DOrkhkhe
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
kku k u e {w{rfLk kk fu yiMkk xMx fe Lk kLkkk. kU fu e.yu[.ke. ykih kshtk fk
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NOT
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: - : - : - :
kk kMkwh nx kk. ykih k {wknufk kk EMk{U? {Ms kku yk kLkLku Mku hne Wxu yk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
116: DO
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DO NOT COPY
sk
:
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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ykke
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Common
CivilCode
kk
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kU
fk
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fku: z
:
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fki{ fe khV Mku fku{Lk rnLw kp fu rkV ykkut WXke yk# nI. ykih knuhnk n{khe {snke
: - : - : - :
ske fu kknh, n{khe Mk{kS ske fu kukh {k{kk rVk e Criminal Code,
SPRAT
: DO NOTPenal
COPY -Code,
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO nI
NOT
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- yki
SPRAT
: DO[tNOT
fu knk-
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kku [: hnu
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Common
Civil
Code,
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:
fu
fE
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xu {k{kk
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Strategy
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Mku
ku
[kh
fhkk,
yki
h
fw
A
Lkn.
: - : - : - :
fwA kuk nkuku nI u knkuk fwA nkrMk fhku nI ykih rVhe kufwMkqh funkku nI. EMkkE
ne fku ueu w{ wk rVMkeLke s{eLkkU kh f rfu kiXk ni ykih Wxu VMkeLke wfwe
: - : - : - :
fhLku kkUfku unk nk kLkk fh ykLku ykkfku {sw{ Mkkrkk fhkk ni. ykih knkuk Mku kukkU
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
- 117COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
:

: kr{

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[:.ke.
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ne
: {U
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kt WMfu
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sw{ fhLku
fu kksw
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SPRAT : DO
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DO
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: DO
COPY fku
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kr{
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ku:t fe
ykih yuf n{ nI fu nkhku e nI ykih WkhMku kuk u Mk{ku nI fu n{ Mkhfkhe k{k fe khn k
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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SPRAT : DO NOT
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: - : - : - :
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Dalit - Brotherhood
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:
Alliances
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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kh fhUku, r Mku Esk fhUku. ELfe, siMku n{ {kikLkk neweLk kLk Mkknk Mku fhku nI.
: w ku
:nI
- Aw
:rfkLku
Mkh
Mkhe khV
rsLfe
kLk EMk{U
ke nw E:
ni fu RLfu
hkMku
kw
hLkukh
{
SPRAT : DO
COPYku
-
SPRAT kku
: DO
NOT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOTnI.COPY
nkukuNOT
nI, rfkLku
k s{eLk
Mk nku
ku nICOPY
. ku kw- VkuSPRAT
kw {U Lkn
y,
ykih u- [h{U
feLk
hku
ku kku
ku kk
yki
h Mkw:Lkku
f{
nI. niVfu WLk{U
ku ky
fku EMk{e
kkhee
e Lkn
{kw{
:
M
:
kw:h
u
r
fLk
ku
EkLku
Xku
M
k
feLk
Mku
Aku
x
u
Aku
x
u
kfu
y
kk
fku
yi
M
ke
kVMke
Mku
kkLk
fhku
nI
kkuCOPY
k
[~{ue kkn hnu nkU ELfu, sfu fe fe kfuykk fe khkek kf ku Wxe fun ku nI. WLk{ut
: - : - : - :
Mku fE n{khe {Mkkrsfu E{k{ nI, k {wke nI, fE fk n{khe [kt fr{xekU ku yfkV ku
f ni. nh kuku {U nh Ekhufe fE fr{xekU kh kiXLkufk WLnU kif ni. WLkfu kkih {unrVU Lkn
:
MkE
:
,
:
nku Mkfk,
k{U
Lkn
Mkfket
kn
{ki
swy :
{kLk
fwA e
nku, yki
h ykh
yiMkk
nwyk
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOuNOT
COPYLkkkE
- SPRAT
COPY rLkkLk
- SPRAT
kku krnh
ni EMkfu
{fkrMkMku
fh EMfu
Mke: DO
khNOT
Mkkek
kk: DO
Uku.NOT
ykihCOPY
ykh
ykkLku
ELnU {W
fh
ek kku
ku Mkhu
{unrV
e
nkuLkk [knU
ku. nkt
fkuE
wMkhk
:
:e

:
k
: kku
kku
Lkn
Mkfkk
k
ELfe
kkE
{U
ne
kku
u
.
kU
fu
u
{kLk
ek
ni
fu
u
yke{u
eLk
nI
EMkeu
yke{u
wrLkk kkunIne!
yk
Mku n{
fnU
ku
fu ELk{U
Mku ky
eLk
h u
:
:kzu
:
yke{u
-
e
: Lkn,
yki
kkuzu knkuk yke{u eLk nI ELk{u e kku kekh neu wrLkk ni. yksfu ELk Wu{kfu khyMk,
yku kkUfu Wu{kyu EMk{, Wu{kyu eLk nkuLku fu ykk wrLkke nwyk fhku ku. wrLkk fu
: - : - : - :
yk-yk kke{e kukkU {U {krnheLk rkLku ku ku ku. rhkkkku ne ni {kh rfhkh ykih
SPRAT : DO
- rsM{
SPRATkku: DO
- SPRAT
NOT
DO,NOT
{kkNOT
ykCOPY
ku Lkn.
iMku NOT
ne nICOPY
, Yn {kh
ku Lkn,: DO
EMke
euCOPY
fk-
kku SPRAT
nI ne :ELfu
{khCOPY
:
: - : - :
fkh
ykRLfk iMkkLkn.
Mkkur ezhrk
: - : - : - :
kku n{Lku uk fu fiMku n{khe rMkkMke {nke kuLkkU khnfe hunLkw{kE yfMkh {wfk{kk
{U yiMku nkkkU{U [e kE rsMkfu ku kf Lk ku. yuf ykih ezhrk nkuke ni rsMku n{ fnUku
:
ezhrk,
- k
: Mk{kS

:
Mkkur
fkk.
n{ u{kLkku
nI
fu {wykhu fe
XkuMk :kw
rLkkU
ne
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
124
-rkhkx
yMkkkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT fuCOPY
DO NOT COPY
ezhrk
:
-fhke
ni. :u
kekU
:
t{
: U
WMkkh
ku ku
k nI u ykkfe
yki
h {wnkukU{U,u
nhku
fMkkkU
{U
Mfw:DO
[kku
, rzMku
Lhe
[kku
nI,NOT
ke{
kLku- [kku
u hkMkU
r
rfMke: DO
fkuNOT
e COPY
SPRAT
NOT nICOPY
-
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRATnI,: DO
NOT COPY
- fh
SPRAT
hrk
rk
ku
nI kku: fn
fku{w^k{U kZk
ku nI. ke
feMkVkE fhkLku
Mku uf
h
Mfku
:
-u
rfMke
u:
ykkhk fwku kfzkLkk, h kiXu ykkhkUfku Mkne {wM{ {kuwV kh wkwk rLkk, rkLkk VeMk fu
rfMke khek Ekhu{U kLk Mku u[h uLkk. kihn fk{ nI WLfu. urfLk WLfu kkMk Lk kE ku kksw
: - : - : - :
nI Lk rMkkMkk kt fe kkfk. Lk {nke hunLkw{k ke Esk WLnU LkMkek ni. WLkfu MkkE {unw
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
nI u: DO
ku[NOT
khu kwCOPY
{Lkk{e-
fe SPRAT
ske :rkkkku
nI. COPY
ffo, -xe[h,
rLMkkk,
kuVCOPY
uMkh, zku-
fxh,
ELSLkeh,
[kxo
:
kku
:
huMk k
:
kso
:
zo yu
fkWLxLx,
kuLfh,
eMk yVMkh,
u fu kkzo
BwrLkMkek
ELMkku
xh..
u fu
u
SPRAT
: DO fuNOT
-
NOTnkU
COPY
SPRATkku
: DO
NOT
- nh
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
ske
{wgCOPY
rV ku
kkUSPRAT
Mku kkw: DO
f hku
ku yki- hMkkkne
ze knku
k COPY
r{k
rLk k
nVku
{U
yu
f
k
kkh
k{ku
e
yki
h
w
q
M
k
Mku
u
fh
rk
fhku
nkU
ku
Mk{ksfe.
fku
E
kMk
yu
ELnU
: - : - : - :
n{khu
yk{- kkiSPRAT
h kh {i: DO
MMkh
Lkn
nkukk.
rfLk ykLku
fe ykk
MkwLkfu,: DO
ykLku
SPRAT
: DOMk{ks{U
NOT COPY
NOT
COPY
- uSPRAT
: DO s{eh
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
{unw fwtu fe kkuzeMke r{fkh ykLku kMku MkkkekUfku uku hunku nI. ykih rVh yuf ytLke {kik {h
: - : - : - :
e ku nI, kUfu n{khk Mk{kS Zkt[k yiMkk ni ne Lkn fu yiMku kuk n{khu hr{kLk khe fhU.
kUfu WLnU uz kkuz Lkn ykku, k ku[ fhLku WLnU Lkn ykku. h~kukhku fku ykku kZkLkk, [wtfu u
Lknet
:
kLkku
:
-[{[u
Lkn,
:
kkLku
: ku
fhku
, [{[u
WLfuLkn
. yki
h rsLkfu
rsLkfe
ykks
khLkkhu
SPRAT
: DO Lkn,
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DOn{khu
NOT nkt
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO kku
NOT COPY
10-20
WLfe n{khu
nkt f
Lkn.
k{ku
eu
uLku ku
kLkke
fLMkxLx
feykh n{f
, ELnU
Mkfku
nI, krnhLk
Lkn. yi
Mku ezMko
yiMku :Activists
nku
:
- hun
Lkw{:k
-fe,

: fhU
MkkE
{w
n
i
k
fhU
(se
rfu
kki
h
!)
WLfe
kkkkU
kh
kki
h
fhU
,
kku
WLfu
E{
yki
h
WLfu
Vn{
Mku COPY
fki{ kzu ki{kLku kh Vikk nkuke. Lkko u kMkwh u nkuku hnUku. (uh:)
: - : - : - :
k kf Lk rfk yunu ytsw{LkLku fe
k{k{ hkk se {kt ytsw{Lk fu ru.
: - : - : - :
siMCOPY
ke - iSPRAT
Mkk hk
SPRAT : DO NOT
w
M
khe
khV
yAu
hu
n
kh
rsB{u
khkiYfkhkU
{wfkU
r{ku
: - : rMkVo
: Followers
k
ne: fku
nI rsLnU ykLku ezso kh yiku{k nku, hkuMkk nku, n{ yk yiMku nku kyu nI fu nh yuf kh f
fhku nI. kwshkk fu {wkeV unhkU{U kzu kzu nkkk{U, kze tVkLkeMku rsLk kukkULku rheV
: - : - : - :
fuBk [kyu, ku{U WLnut k r{k? kLkk{ekt, YMkkEkt. kku n{khe ykk ni nh yuf kh
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO. NOT
SPRAT
: DO
f: DO
fhLkuNOT
fe. [wCOPY
Lkkt[u -n{U
Mk[u, kkrnB{k,
hunkhkLk
Lkn r{ku
k kuCOPY
ELke-
rnB{k
Lkn
swxNOT
k COPY
kkku
:
. Lkke
ufu nkhykih nkhne
n{khk
{wfh kLk
fu hun: kE
ni.- :
ykEu
yu-fAkuSPRAT
xk Mkk :k
U COPY
fu snkt-
ezh
Mkknu:DO
kkLk NOT
k huCOPY
nLkw{kyku
k u nk: DO
ni kku
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
DO NOT
SPRAT
- tfSPRAT
NOT COPY
yk{
{w
M
k{kLkfk,
ki
Y
fkhkU
fk
Followers
fk,
{u
h
k
yki
h
ykkfk
k
nk
ni
.
n{khe
k
: - : - : - :
rsB{u
khe
kLkke
kU
yiMkk: DO
nwyNOT
k fu n{U
yiM-kuhunSPRAT
Lkw{k r{u
fnk kk
fu SPRAT
siMke
iMNOT
kk COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPYni-?
SPRAT
COPY
: DO? NOT
COPYni-
: DO
hk. n{khk u khefk hnk ni fu wMkhkUfu rMkh kh Ek{ h fu n{ k{ku kiX ku nI. n{U ykLku
: - : - : - :
rkhukkt {U ktfLkk nkukk. rMkkMke hunkhe ykh n{khe f{uh ni kku kU ni? kU fu yfMkh n{
w WLkMku MkkiukkSkt fh uku nI. hkMkkU u ku nI wkoLkk, siMku Vkt fk kkkk fhk
eSu
: ,
)ku: x
- eSu
, kzu
:
yku
:
{uhu Vkt
(rLkfB{u
u fku Lkku
fhe rk
nkU kku
VUkuxku kBk
x fhk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
fu yMkkkk
125COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO -NOT
:
s
LMke
:

:
eSu
: . k
eSu
, kkuMk fe yu
rk
eSu
, Vkt
s{eLk
k rkzk
yukuxfhk
EMk
fkhkLku
kEMkLMk
rk: DO
eSu
{uh-k
Vkt
ke
kkuNOT
eMk COPY
fe rnhkMkk{U
nI Vkt
{o {U,COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT fk
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT, k
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
: DOswNOT
WMku
AwzkeSu, ku
{khk,
ykkfukkMk
WMkfku
kkh
ykLkkni, kuykkfk
k
fhk
:
x fk
:
kkh
:
: e
ukk ni, ykih ykLkk e fhk ukk ni.

n{ {U Mku f{ ne WLkfu kkMk ku nI Mfw wkLku, MkzfkU fe {hB{k fhkLku, kkk
: - : - : - :
kLkkLku, k nMkkkkutfu fk{ fhkLku fu ru, kUfu u Eku{kE sYhkU nI. n{U ELkVuhke
SPRAT : DO
NOTuCOPY
- WLkfu
SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
: DO
sYhkU
ke nI
nkt:.DO
n{NOT
wkso
nI.- Wkh
Mku n{: DO
u WB{e
fhku-nIfuSPRAT
u n{khu
hunNOT
Lkw{k,COPY
:
xe Aku
:
f
n{khk
nhfk{ fhU
, k
Lkk k
n{WLnU
WXkU, :hkk
Mkku
ku MkkukuskkU
. Aku
xe sYhkkU
u
SPRAT : DO
- w
SPRAT
DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
euNOT
, u COPY
fk{ n{
fh: Mkfku
nI, COPY
n{ [knU
fu ku ykfh
n{khe
r{k
fhU:,DO
skNOT
ELkCOPY
rMkkMke
hu
n
Lkw
{
kyku
t
f
k
kw
h
k
k
ykkk
ni
kku
n{
WLnU
w
fe
{e
fe
khn
rLkfk
VU
f
ku
nI.
: - : - : - :
{kifk: DO
khMk
nI.COPY
Wkh -Mkun{
[knku: DO
nI fuNOT
u ku
k Vrh~kk
rMkVk: DO
nkU. NOT
ykhCOPY
Oppurtunist
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY nI- ,n{
SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
rfMke ezh fku, kn ku rMkkMke nku fu {nke, fkuE fkhkukkh e he ni kku n{ fnUku fu
: - : - : - :
u kku ykLkk tk [kkk ni, fkhkukkh fhkk ni, u n{khk fk{ k fhukk. {kh u ku yiMkk Lk fhu
kku ykLku k[kUfku rkukk k? urfLk EMkMku n{U k? n{U kku kMk Vrh~ku [kneU, ELMkkLk
:
: yu
: ki
:[w
Lkn.
ykh
rfMke{MkYV
{.yu
.yu.k yu
{.ke.Lku
hkLku
MkVhe
fkuELk{k
f fe kku
n{
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
SPRAT
NOTr{k
COPY -fhu
SPRAT
NOTkCOPY
fnUNOT
ku fu uCOPY
kku Lk{ke
Lkn ni: DO
. kNOT
u kkuCOPY
kZe -Lkn
hkk,: DO
u k
kk. kku:kDO
EkLk
kkko
{uLx k
uSMku
WMkfe
kZe{kke u
ke.
k kE
MkwLku :U
ku.
Lk{ku
t
:
[h{U
:

:kfheh

-Lkn

keLke
U
ke
ykkku
w
{
kh
Lkn!
EMk
Mk[
fe
sn
Mku
n{khu
fw
A
ku
n
kheLk,
kf
fe,
u
kkktu Mkki{kuMkkk Lk nkU ykLke r{kk ku Lkn fh Mkfku. yk yiMku {knku{U snkt ku n{
: - : - : - :
wkso LkkMk{ nkU. ykih n{khu hunkh f{ rnB{k kuwqMk nkU kku k MktkeLk rMkkMke
{MkkE fiMku n nkUku?
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
126
-{VYk
kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
kkku Mkw{
: - : - : - :
{VYk kkiSnkk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
RECOGNITION
: - : - : - :
MfwhkLkk :{uDO
he NOT
Vekhk
ni, - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRATnkrMkMku
: DO NOTW
COPYfh
- {wSPRAT
COPY
{wu khkkekU
ku y~f
ykkk.
: - :
khMkkLkk
: Lkn
- :
kzu yktMkw knku n{Lku, kzk k n{Lku rk ykLku nkkk fk ykih WLk
swnkkfkSLkfe rkLkk kh n{ EMk nk kh knkU[u. ykEu yk n{ WLk y{e Efk{kkfe
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
: DO
NOTMkuCOPY
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
NOT COPY
khV
yuNOT
f f{
ykku- kZUSPRAT
, rsLkfe
{
hkk fe- EMk
kkhefe
fkuNOT
n{ COPY
Mkwkn -Lk
fu Lkqh {U: DO
k
Mkfu
:
- Xku
M
h
:
: ni
t. urfLk
rfMkee
k yki
{wLks{
{LMkw
kk kt
e fu ru
, krLkt
k furuu
e sYhe
fu
n{: DO
nfefk
e Mku- ,hee{
Mku fk{
. ykih- n{khu
{MkkE,
n{khu
{fkrMk
fk Mkne: DO
kiNOT
wLk COPY
SPRAT
NOTkMkt
COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOTUCOPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
fhU
.
yki
h
WLk
nfefkkU
fku
{u
Lkh
hU
rsLkfu
ku
{
t
s
h
n{U
n{khe
rnf{ku
y{e
yt
{
u
L
ke
: - : - : - :
ni.:WLk
hkk, {VYk
ykih: DO
kkiS
nkkCOPY
fku k- fhU
rsLkfu: DO
khu
{U huCOPY
nku nw-yu n{u
t ykLkk
fk{
SPRAT
DOkMw
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
fhLkk ni.ykih [wtfu n{ Mkk yuf Mkkk yufne k {U nkrMk Lkn fh Mkfku EMkeu [t yn{
: - : - : - :
ykih kwrLkke kiku ki fhU rsLnU n{ Vkirfk Uku. Lk n{khe rkhkx yuf rLk{U nwE ke ykih Lk
yuf rLk{U n{ fkr{kk nkuLku ku nI. EMke rMkBk ykih EMke ytks{U n{U feu fkr{kke
rkE
:
fe:
-kke,
{w
: f
uke ni. fkr{kke

kuxofx
kko Mke{
khkku {w:
{rfLk
ni, rskLke
kkkke
SPRAT
: DO {U
NOT
ske
Lkn!
{MkkE
wLk yi
Mku nesYhenisiM:ku
ke{khe
fu wYMk Eks
:
-fkMkne
kyi
:
fu :ru
Mkne
keMk
k
zkLkku
r
MkMk.
U.N.D.P.
fe
{w
g
eV
kw
{
Lk
zu
ku
{u
L
xMk
rhkku
x
T
M
ko
,
NCAER
si
Mku COPY
EkhkU
f
e
Mxze,
ku
k
nMkLk,
rLkkw
kn
rMkefe,
{w
r
YnMkLk
si
M
ku
Mfku
Mko
fe
ku
n
hehkU
,
Mk[h
: - : - : - :
fr{xe fe kus, n{khu LkkMkk {snke Wu{k ykih w n{khu ykLku kswkkok fu uhu yMkh n{Lku
[kh {MkkE fku {wM{ WB{k fu Mkk Mku yn{ [uuLSMk {kLkk ni. fwA ekh {k{kk fku kkt[u
rs{hu
: {
- khn
kr{
: rfk
L:kfu
Lke[u
:
U {wkVhfkkfe
ni.urfLk{s{w
kMkw
Mkw furu n{Lku
ELnU
wt
SPRAT
NOTni.COPY
SPRAT
SPRATykLku
: DOku
NOT{MkkE
COPY -
DO NOT COPY
kkt:xDO
k Lkn
kfu- WLk
nww{U: DO
hunkuNOT
nwyCOPY
u WLfu- {kknk
fkuSPRAT
yk: yk
zkMk
fu knk
kkLk
. kku
k EMk kkk{U
ske
fusuo u

yku
fu knu
k
nu
:
rfk
:ni
- n{
n{khe
:
:kkU
ykLku
ku
{MkkE
Mku
Lkk
yk{k
nkU
ku
.
1.
Mkuwrhxe k kn^Vw
: - : - : - :
2.
kwkok {ke {MkkE
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY{VYk
kkiS: DO
nkk -NOT
127COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: 3.
- rsnkk
:
fk
: - :
k kke{
{Mkyk
4. -
ke{khe
h MkuNOT
nk fuCOPY
{MkkE
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRATyki
: DO
5.
{w
kVhf
{MkkE
: - : - : - :
nh {wyMMkh rkkuhe ykih nh rnf{ku y{e k strategy fe kw~k kh fwA {VYk,
fwA hkEk, fwA assumptions ykih yuf {MkwMk ku{tsh sYh nkuku nI. [wLkkt[k n{khe EMk
: - : - : - :
rnf{ku y{e fe fkr{kke fe e fwA kuO nI, WLfk e yuf ku {tsh ni. ku k ni? fkiLkMke
SPRAT : DO
COPYkMe{
- SPRAT
NOT
COPYfe-
SPRAT : fe
DOs{kLkk
NOT COPY
SPRAT
kkkUNOT
nI rsLnU
fhLkk: DO
n{khu
y{
fkr{kke
ukk -ni?nkt
n{: DO
yiMNOT
ke fECOPY
:
ku
:
kkkkU
fk rs
fhU
ku rsLfu
{tsh{U
n{Usuo kkk
{MkkEfu
n ZwtZLku nI. kku
ku: ku
Mk[kEkt
SPRAT : DO
NOT kMe{
COPY -
COPY - fkuSPRAT
hSPRAT
: DO yku
NOT COPY
nI rsLnU
rfuSPRAT
kkih: DO
n{ NOT
WLk {MkkE
n fh: DO
ne NOT
Lkn COPY
Mkfku.- yki
rVh EMfu
rnMMku
{U w WLfun
XkuM
k ke
kufhU
:
fe
:[t
ku. : - :
k feSu
fu n{khu
fxh COPY
n{khe- keMk
rfkLkk
k
kkku
, rfkLku: DO
MkkhuNOT
xuMxCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOzkuNOT
SPRAT{U: DO
NOT
COPY
- nI
SPRAT
fhkku nI. ykih ykh u Mkk Lkfkhe {wfB{ {e kE kku rVh Eks kku {n yuf Akuxe Mke
r[e kh r rk kk ni. ykk ykih n{ e nkt ne fh hnu nI. kunu n{ nfefk Mku krfV
nwyu, rVh WLfe swnkk kuSt, n{khu kMkwhkk wYMk feu, yk n{ ykLku y{e Efk{kkfku
:
:u

: Mku

rsMk
kMku{tsh{U yt
{
Lkk ni
WLfk yki
h rsLk
{MkkE
rLk{xLkk
ni WLfk
ki: wL
k fh hnu
nI.
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPYkMk
- [tSPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
yku
kkk{U
Efk{kk
fk yn
U- ku
. SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
n{khe {wgeV rLkkgU
n{U u k fhLkk nkukk fu {nke ske ykih skefu wMkhu {MkkE, WLk kuLkkU fku
n fhLku fu ytks yk yk nit. yke skk fe kk fu ru Wu{kyu eLk n{khe hunkhe
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
- wSPRAT
DO NOTfuCOPY
fhUNOT
ku. ykiCOPY
h ykhS
skk :feDOkk{eh
fhLku -furu
n{U: DO
WuNOT
{kyuCOPY
wrLkk,
Le :{k{kk
:
fk
WLfe
:
kzu
: ke.
{kneheLk
Mknkhk,
hunkhe
fwkw fhLke
n{khu
Mkuwh yu
stzk :yki
h {nke
yusNOT
tzk kuCOPY
LkkU rkfw
yk: nkU
, kn
n{U -kkh
kkh WMfu
Wx -kkkk
EMkeCOPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DOkuNOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DOrkfw
NOTCOPY
SPRATkk
: DOni.NOT
kMku
{
t
s
h
{U
n{
su
o
u
knMk
fku
ykku
kZkku
nI
.
: - : - : - :
kunu kku ykEu n{ ykLku ykk Mku kwAU fu n{ nI fkiLk? n{khe rLkkg k ni? kun[kLk
k ni? fkuE Mk rfMke Mku kwAu fu kw{ fkiLk nku? EMfu {w{rfLk skk u nku Mkfku nI fu {U Vkt nfu
: - : - : - :
fk kuxh nwt, k {U Vkt {wf fk kkk nwt, Vkt kuLf fk kknf nwt k Vkt fkuusfk kkrku E{.
SPRAT : DO
COPYrLkkgkU
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
DO NOTfkzo
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
ELk NOT
{wgeV
fe kMkef
fiMku COPY
nkuke - ni? SPRAT
kuxh :rLkkge
Mku, -hkLk
fkzoM:ku,DOzkEk
:
:
-x
:
-LktkhMku, :rfMkkLk
fk
kEMkLMkMku
, kuLfyufkWLx
Lktkh
Mku, kkMkkku
o Mku
, hku
Lktkh
Mku, {fkLk
Mku
o
LktkhNOT
Mku, COPY
Vkh{U
{ko:DO
kk k
ni COPY
WMk ni-rMkk
Mku, ku:DO
kkhkLkk
ske-
{U WMfk
k{ k
SPRAT : DO
- WMfk
SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT{w:fDO
NOTniCOPY
WMk
Ykkuk rkkk
S{ fk
ykh
ku{u:B
kh ni
, fkuEEkhu fk
ykun: u
kh office :
Mku
.: rfMke
kt

ni
,
kku
EMk
Mku
.
u
Mkk
WMfe
ku
n
[kLku
t
nI
.
ELfu
ykk
WMfe
yu
f
yki
h
ku
n
[kLk
e
ni
: ykihCOPY
bearer
ku u fi ku rnLw ni, {wMk{kLk ni, kiLkwyfk{e Mkkun kh u fnk ukk fu ku rnLwMkkLke ni,
: - : - : - :
kkrfMkkLke ni, rVh u fu ku kkuhk ni, fkk ni, yurkE ni ykrfe k y{uhefe ni? rVh u fu
{wMk{kLk ni k EMkkE ni. kku kkuk {nke kun[kLk n{khe yfue kun[kLk Lkn ni. kfu rfkLke
:
ne ku
n[kLkkU
{U Mkuyu
f ni .: - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
128
-{VYk
kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY
:
kMke
:
Mk{ks
:
- yk
Yk{U
:
siMkun{kheknku
kun[kLkU
nI,WMke khn
e
n{U yk
u
kk
ni.: u
k n{U
rsMk
u:kuDOnI NOT
WMk Ykfu
kh n{U
t[NOT
ku nICOPY
. n{khu- Wkh
eyu
nwy
u COPY
SPRAT
DOku
NOT
COPY
- Yk{U
SPRAT
COPYki-{kLkuSPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
{kLkkU kh
Lkn.
{MkLk
kzkuMke
n{khuythyu
f yAu
kzku
Mke fekun[kLk
ZwtZkk: ni
. n{khu
ki
:
yu
f:
:

k# kzkuMke fk Mkwqf fhkk ni ykih n{ Mku yAu kzkuMke fu Mkwqf fe WB{e hkk ni. yuf kukkhe
u n{ Mku kukkh fhkk ni ku WB{e fhkk ni fu n{ k kh WMfe hf{ yk fhUku, {k Mkk
: - : - : - :
fhUku k kh, kihn, EMk Mku fkuy Lkh fu n{Lku rkAu nVku rfkLke Lk{kU k Mku yk f,
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
NOThku
COPYnI- fu
n{
SPRAT
: DOrfu
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
k : fk
f. rfu
x fu-
fku[SPRAT
n{Mku: DO
kffku
yAk
x u
U. WMfu
Lkef : n{khe
ynu
:
:
rfu
:

:
{ek
EMkkkk
kh{kLke
ni fu
ykkn{ yAk
x u
Uku k Lkn, WMk
Mku Lkn
fu n{
SPRAT
: DOnuNOT
SPRAT :[~{ku
DO NOT
COPY
h
SPRAT
: DOELk
NOT COPY
rfkLku
LzMk{COPY
nit, k-
ytSPRAT
kuS fiM:keDO
kkuNOT
ku nICOPY
, rfMke-
kLkkLkfu
r[hkk
nI, -ki
k. kku n{U
Mkk
kkkkU
f
ku
ykkMk
{U
kw
z
{w
z
Lkn
fhLkk
ni
.
kfu
u
Mk{Lkk
ni
fu
n{
rfMkfu
Mkk{Lku
rfMk
ni
r
Mkk
: - : - : - :
Mku :yki
h NOT
rfMk Yk{U
ykkfku
kuNOT
fh COPY
hnu nI.- WMfe
WB{eU
n{Mku
nI yki
k n{: DO
EMkfu
SPRAT
DO
COPYykkLku
- SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DO
NOTk
COPY
- h SPRAT
NOT COPY
kLkkyu ELk ki{kLkkU kh kwhu Wkhku nI. yk kkih rfSu fu yuf LkskLk yuf kE ftkLke fu
: - : - : - :
{wM{ {krf Mku ELxhw fu kihkLk ykLke kkkteyu Mkki{kuMkkk fk rs fhkk ni urfLk, urfLk,
rf{ekE MkhMk fk Lkn, kku k ku MktkeLk kke Lkn fh hnk?ykih ku u WMfu Vi rfu Lku
kh
:
w:~{Lke
fk

- ni
?
: n{o

Wxu
{krffku {w
M{
kyLkU, WLfu
kkhu{: U
ykkfk
k fkMk
Mk[u
nit
SPRAT
DO?NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ku :WMfu
ykswrLkk
{U k
yuf
e {wf yiMkkLkn
ni u
kwhe khn
kU kh
:
:
:
-{nke
WMkw
:
[kk
ni
k
{nk
fe
rkLkk
kh
WMk
fk
ELku
{ekt
[kk
nku
,
Lk
EMk{e
Lk
EMkkE,
Lk
kki
,
Lk COPY
rnLw. nkk fu EMkkE kkuk fk {wf urxfLk e kwhe khn nshk EMkk fu kkku nwyu WMkw kh Lkn
: - : - : - :
[ Mkfkk. se kfkut Mku WMku n{ykntk nkuLkk ne kzkk ni. rnLw {k fu {kLkLku ku krn {wf
Lkukk, Lku e ykLku ykkfku Mkuwh fhkh u ek. EMke ru sk e.yu[.ke. ku u funku nI fu
ku
:
-fh
hk{
hks
:

ni
-
{w
:
rnLw
hkx kLkk
fk{
fhUku kku kze
ntMke: ykke
. {wMk{kLk
WLfe
kuVk
Lk
SPRAT
DOt kk
NOTe
COPY
COPY
- {wSPRAT
- WLnU
SPRAT
NOT COPY
e: fhu
WLfk-
u SPRAT
kk kw: hDO
k nkuNOT
Lku kk
Lkn.
Mk{kLk: DO
AkuzNOT
eu, COPY
w rnLw
yiM: kkDOLkn
U
ku. u {ki
swk
k
fk: kfk
k WMfe
{skw
e ni.: {w
Mk{kLkkU
LkuEMk{
fe kw:Lkek
fhLku
:

kh
kkrfMkkLk
kLkkk
u
r
fLk
EMk{
fe
kw
L
kek
kh
ku
WMku
fk{
Lkn
h
kku
.
kt
ku
kLkk,
f {nk
nkr{
nkuku :nw
yu kt
kue kkrfMkkLk
yk
nwyu,skkLk fu{Mkyu
yu
:
fu
Mku
:
: kh,
Mkhfkh{U ykLku rnMMkufe {ktk fhku nwyu. u MkfkVke, Mk{kS {MkkE ku. ELk [eutfe e kze
ynu{ek ni n{khe ske{U. ([kku [ku, WLne rLkkU khkLku ktkufku yks kf fe Mkk Mku
: - : - : - :
kze {yke { Vhkn{ fe. yiMke u yks kf WMkLku rfMke ykih {wf fku Lkne e.)
SPRAT : DO NOT
DO NOT
COPY WMkw
- SPRAT
: DOhnk
NOTniCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
fkuECOPY
fnukk- fu SPRAT
MkWe :yhk
EMk{e
kU kh [
, kku rVMk
ykuMkk{k
rkLk
ki
:
:

:
-
:
Lkfe
rfkk
kni
?EhkLk
[
hnk ni?yAk,
kkrfMkkLk{U
fkuE rLkk{e
ni?rnLw
MkkLkfu
kkhu: DO
{U n{U
u COPY
Whe -kkih SPRAT
kh {kLk: DO
uLkkNOT
ni fuCOPY
nkt rLkk{u
{wMkw:VDO
k Lkn
[COPY
hnk.- nkt
hE :rLkk{
SPRAT
NOT
- SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
Lkn
[
hnk
ni
,
yki
h
Lk
[u
kk.
nkt
,
{Lkw
ke
Lkn
[Lku
U
ku
n{.
u
{w
k
{w
y
ku
hk
: - : - : - :
pluralistic society ni pluralism yuf fkrku f kkk {kLke ke ni. {urk fu xwrh{
(Mkiknk)fu E~kuunkhkk u ykkLku xe.e. kh uu nkUku, ku {urk fu EMke whkr{ fku ku
: - : - : - :
fhfu xwrhMx fku ykLke khV rhkku nI, {wkrVk fhku nI. rnLwMkkLkfu kkhu{U n{U u {kLk uLkk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkiS: nkk
129COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DO -NOT
:
: nI

:ni
ni yki
:
[kneu
fu n{
yfek{U
, yki
h u fkuE kwhkE
Lkn
. u yu
f Lkkwf Mk[kE
h n{
ykh
ykLku
ykkfku
LkkNOT
yk{k
Lku fuSPRAT
eu ki: DO
khNOT
fhUCOPY
kku ne
kLkCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPYEMk
- nfefk
SPRAT Mku
: DO
COPYnku
-
- n{khe
SPRATkkfke
: DO NOT
majority
k
yfMkhek
fu
skkk
fk
k
hku
nku
t
,
kk
hku
Mkfke
ni
.
EMke
Lkkku
ykh
n{
: - : - : - :
nkU kku u f{skuhe Lkn, kfu good manners k yAu ykf e fnu Mkfku nI. Mkwh:nw fe
EMk ykk (11-118)fk {Vnw{ e ne ni:
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
kLke ykh wk [knkk kku Mkkhe ELMkkLkek fku rMkVo yuf fki{ kLkk ukk urfLk yiMke
WMfe {So Lkn ke. EMk ru kuk {wgeV hk hUku. yk ykh {wgeV hk hLkuku wk
SPRAT : DO
NOTMkuCOPY
SPRAT
COPY
- hk
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
fe {So
u hk- hku
nI kku: DO
n{NOT
WLk kh
ykLke
kku:k DO
fiMku NOT
MkfkuCOPY
nI? fiM-kun{SPRAT
{n: accident
:
k
ki
:kE
fe
fku: fkrVh

-{ku
nkMkkyu
kwrLkk
kh rfMke
k rfMkefku
r{Lk
fhkh
u Mkfku
nI?
of birth
fiMku NOT
n{ COPY
fun Mkfku
fu Vkt
n{NOT
Mku COPY
f{kh- nI, SPRAT
k n{: DO
WLkMkuNOT
khkh,
kikE
fe NOT
rkLkkCOPY
SPRAT : DO
- nI
SPRAT
: DO
COPY{n
- SPRAT
: DO
kh?e
t
[
Lk
nw
y
k
u
?
: - : - : - :
iMku k n{ kfE yfek {U nI? kLke WLk {kLke {U yfek {U rsMk Mku f{uhe
{whk nku? k Lkn. kthn - keMk fhkuz ykkke yuf knkuk kze ykkke nkuke ni.
: - : - : - :
ELzkuLkurk fu kk rMkVo khk{U ELku Mkkhu {wMk{kLk nI. ykih nkt e n{ wMkhe Mkk Mku kze
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT kkk
COPYnku-
yfMkhek
{U nI-
. fnk
kk: DO
ni fuNOT
feCOPY
fe -LktkhSPRAT
ku nku:LkkDOyAe
ke SPRAT
ni, kU :fuDOuNOT
LktkhCOPY
:
: kVk

:
:
yuf
nkukk ni, kuyfMkh
ykihkwYh fkrfkh
nkukk
ni. sfu
Lktkhku yu
f kku
ykLke
{trs
fkuCOPY
fhek-kkkk
ni, yki:hDO
rVhNOT
WMk{U
kuz-yki
yT{: sk
hunkuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
SPRAT
COPY
hSPRAT
DO NOT
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
kkkeLke {k{kk
yuf ykih Mk[kE u ni fu n{ Mkk fu nkkk yuf siMku Lkn, Mkk yuf {wfk{ kh Lkn.
Mkk fku yuf siMkk kn^Vw nkrMk Lkn ykih Lk Mkk fu {MkkE yuf siuMku nI. [wLkkt[u n{ {U Mku fwA
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
SPRAT
DOyn{.
NOT COPY
kukNOT
eLkfe
fwA-
kkkkU
fku ykLku
ruCOPY
kze yn{
{kLkU:kuDO
ykiNOT
h fwACOPY
ekh- kkkkU
fku :f{
:
nku
:
EkfkU
{
fks
:
kkki
h uU kku yunMkkMk
kk fu
yk{ kki
h khkih{w:M{
U hunLku, fk{
fhLku
ku
{w
M
k{kLk
rkh
{w
M
k{kLkkU
fe
krLkMkk
kZe
yki
h
xku
ke
ke
Mkw
h
k
f{
Ergkh
fhku
nI
.
yi
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTMkkCOPY
kU
? skk
kykkMku
kk ni?
EMk ru yki
ELk
fu knuk u n{khe
he ni
fu n{
:
:Aw
h
:nkkk

{skw
:
w u k fhU fu n{khu ru eLk fk MkwkqLk k ni ykih swe rnMMkk fkiLkMkk ni. ykih ekh
{MkkE {U, ekh kkkkU{U {nkfe ykz ufh ykLke rsB{ukhe Mku khe Lkn nkutku.
: - : - : - :
fE kkh ytLku{U n{ eLke hkEk WLk {k{kk kh e {wMkk fh uku nI snkt WMfe
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
- SPRAT
DO fNOT
COPY
hSPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
sYhk Lkn. k-
snkt
wMkhu: DO
eLkNOT
kkUCOPY
fu Mkkk
n{khk :Mkkku
k kzkk
ni.- ki
sYhe {nkek
:
{MkkE
:
Lk
:rMkVo
{w
k {wy
khke
ske
{U rnh
nifu kihsYhe
kik fhu
ke. WMkMku
n{U
ykih
kukkUNOT
fu kykw
nY{ hu: DO
nLkkNOT
kzkkCOPY
ni kfu
fku, n{khe
nek
fku Lkw
fMkkLk
eCOPY
SPRAT : DO
COPYLk-Mku
{u
SPRAT
- n{khu
SPRATEkhkU
: DO NOT
COPY ku
-
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
knkU
[
kk
ni
.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
130
-{VYk
kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY
:
rSu
:
f
: ni
ykh
:
ykWwo ne fku
. Ww
o yuffkrku
Mkh{kk
n{khu
{wffk.
WMfk
rnLw
MkkLke
k kkfe-
hunSPRAT
kk kku k
yksCOPY
rnLwM-kkLk{U
Wwo fk: DO
kzkNOT
[kCOPY
{wfk{- nku
kk. WMk{U: DO
ykeo
SPRAT
: DO
NOThtCOPY
: DO NOT
SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
h VkhMke
n{Lku
ELke
kk
kr{
fhe
(yki
h w
rfkkk
EMk {so
fk rfkh
kE ni
!)
yki
:
u:
nku:
fu EMkMku fwA rnLwMkkLkekU fku kih nku kk, EMke khn rsMk khn rnLe kh MktMf]k fe kfzMku n{U
rnLe Mku kih nwyk. skkLk ne kU, n{ w ne knkuk yMkuo Mku kukk fu fwA ykMkLk rMkLkk [knku
: - : - : - :
nI. ku keLk kkh sk e fkur fe kku uk fu rnLw kwY fn Lk fn yku{ k Mkwo Lk{Mfkh
SPRAT
: DOfNOT
COPY
- fhku
SPRAT
: DOykku
NOTh
COPY
SPRAT
fhkLku
e fkur
sYh
, k: DO
rVhNOT
fkuE COPY
kMeh-
uSPRAT
e-ukkfe
uku-.
rsMkMku
n{U: DO
kuNOT
kk COPY
{t
:
Lkn
: Mke
kku

: kk
:
swh Lk
kkeykih n{
kukk. nkkt
fu ku
ykLku
yMk{U
yuf MkkLMk
ni. yki
h
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- yki
SPRAT
: DO WMk
NOTMkuCOPY
- nku
SPRAT
{nk
WMk kh
{wMkk
Lk fhLku: DO
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: - : - : - :
...
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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] - :
: - : - USD-2008
:
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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Military
Kharch
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: DO
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k yu{.ke.ke.yuMk. k yu{.ke.yu. fu keAu Lk kizU, EMk rMkrMku{U ykku n{ fwA ykih kwVkukw
fhUku.
yuf ykih nfefk n{U {kLkLke nkuke fu n{khe fki{ fu rfhkh fku kLkkLku {U, MktkhLku {U
:
- hun
:
E{k{kU
- fk,
:
n{khe {nke
Lkw{kyku
tfk, n{khu
n{khu
{kiekU
fk,{w^kkU
fk knku
k kzk
hku
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- niSPRAT
: DO
- rk
SPRAT
: DO NOT kMkt
COPY
- SPRATWLk
: DO
nku Mkfkk
ni. kfu
. u rhVku
{oMNOT
k, uCOPY
{wM{
Vykrk
activists
kwNOT
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e
ke
fhku
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fu E{k{
n fh k
kkt[e
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fu ku
k fun fh
u Lkn
:

:
fu
:
ku: k

Lkku
fu
fki
{
kh
WLkfk
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ni
.
ne
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reforms
ykh
WLkfu
sheu
fki
{ kfCOPY
knkU
[e kkuWLfk kzk
nkukk.ykih u
s
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nkUku. [wLkkt[
u reformers
and
:
yMkhe
:
: fw
:
imams should work together, kuLkkUfku r{ fh fk{ fhLkk nkukk. fki{ fe Mk[e n{eo
ykh ni kku kuLkkut yuf wMkhu Mku nkk r{k fh fk{ fhUku.(uh:)
: - : - : - :
ykh nku E~f, kku ni fwe {wMk{kLke
-
: DOfkrVhku
NOT COPY
Lk nkuCOPY
, kku {u
o {wSPRAT
Mk{kt e
tef - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
kkn{-
n{yknt
ykihNOT
fki{COPY
fe Mkne- hunSPRAT
Lkw{kE: fhLku
fu ru
sYhe
fu n{khu
{nke
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRATke: DO
DO NOT
COPY
- niSPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
Wu{
k fwAwLeE{
nkrMk
fhULkko k[u
kwAU
ku fu rfkk
n{UrVrMk
rx[h
:
e
:
WLMku
:
-
: fk
kLkLkk ni kku rVrMk knkuk yAe rMkLke kzke ni, urfLk Mkkkne kkuzk EMk{ e MkeLkk
kzkk ni, fwykoLk neMk e LkLke kzke ni. EMke khn ykh rhke maths fu n{U u[hMko
: - : - : - :
kLkLkk nkukku rhke {U knkuk {nkhk expertise nkrMk fhLke nkuke. urfLk Mkkkne n{U fwykoLk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
138
-{VYk
kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
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: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY

:
- nku
t
E{k{
:
:
neMk
e rMkLku
ku fwA: n
kf.
kku rVh
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kh kw
he
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nkrMk
nku -n
kkuze Mke: DO
{uMkNOT
ykihCOPY
rVrMk
kku LkLke
[kneu
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRAT
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT.COPY
kfuu e
fnk :
Mkfkk
ni fun{khu
{kuy:ku
kh W{kyu
rfhk{fku
:

{ykrkk,
:
yuLSrLkhk, rhke, E{u nkkkk rf{ek, kkekk, {uLkus{uLx, economics, finance

management, physics, chemistry, biology, maths, engineering kihk fe yAe
: - : - : - :
kMke Mkw-kw nkuLke [kneu, functional knowledge nkuLke [kneu. ykih [t yuf fku kku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: DOykku
NOTkLku
COPY yk
- SPRAT
: DO
NOTnICOPY
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NOT COPY
feLkLk
ni e.COPY
kfu-
n{SPRAT
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kun fh
Mkfku
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urfLk
rsMk
:
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:

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khn
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k xfkLku
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: DO
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: DO
h: DO
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e COPY
Lku Mku MkkLxeMx

nkukk.
yk
ykh
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u
:
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:
ykLke
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renunciation
abstinence
wrLkk
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fe :kke{
uCOPY
kk ni k- suffering
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h COPY
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: DO NOT COPY
- SPRATk
: DO
NOT Mku
COPY
- fe
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT : DO
kheke fku we we fwkq fhLku fe kkk funkk ni kku WMk fk ku yn Lkn, Lk ku ykkfe WLke
ku fu kf ni.(uh:)
rsMkLku {kur{Lkfku kLkkk {un kh fk y{eh
: - :
kfu
o:snkt
fe
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fwykot {U ni yk
kke{- :
: - : - : - :
S.ze.ke.
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:
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kfu
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NOT
COPY
wrLkk{U yk{ kkih Mku
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Ye khke ke ni.
WMfk
: yu
: - : - :
f Mkwkqk ni WMk{U
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: DO NOT
COPY
Mkh{kk
fkhe.
MkLkyke
kVkk
k
: khe
: - : - :
{w
{
krf{U
kke{
yki
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - hSPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
nk kh
kzkMkh{kk
Mku
:
: - : - :
kkk kk ni. krnh
ni fu rskLku yAu kes
: - : - : - :
WLke yAe VMk!
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY 12
- -SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Figure
GDP
ka
Feesad
: - : - : - :
Kharch {U {wLkk
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ELfu
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: DO NOT
COPY -yki
hSPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
rnMMkk
kke{
rfkLkk
:
: - : - :
Mkunk kh [o
Figure
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Feesad
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rfk
kk
ni uCOPY
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: DO
NOT
-
NOT
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
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:
- rsMku
rkeLk
:
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kk
ni. S.ze.ke.
zkuh{U
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ni.
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(zu
ke
feh)
ykih Mku: DO
nk NOT
(fkeCOPY
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[o Mku: DO
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NOT
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S.ze.ke.
rVMkfekhn
kU yu
MkuMkkh rkk
ni. - :
:
fu
:
kk
:
: - : - : - :
EMk k- k
V fku
kkih :MkuDOu
eu kku
yun-MkkMk
nkukk :fuDO
{wM{
wrLkk- fe
ELkCOPY
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NOT
COPY
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: DO NOT
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r
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{
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: - : - : - :
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: DO NOT
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fk?-{Mkkrs
ke NOT
# fuCOPY
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NOT
COPY
NOT COPY
- [k
SPRAT
COPY
SPRATkLkU
: DO
rkhyut? EMfu ykk, k heu fu ktku fk nk kku kkunkuhu {wM{ {w{krf Mku rVh e
kunkh ni.
: - : - : - :
- E{u
se
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: MkkLMk
-
:
: - :
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n{: uDOeNOT
yoCOPY
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uhNOT
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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO
: DO
kkk
kh nku
kk fu E{fe
uLk fk Mkk
Mkukkfkh
ELsLk
ni MkkLMk.
MkkLMkMkuxufLkku
S khkLk
:
:x

:
:
[Zke ni. yks fu kih {U MkkLMk ykih xufLkkukuS fe kze ynu{ek ni. ykh n{ MkkLMke ytks
kh kkih fhU kku u {kLkLkk nkukk fu MkkLMk hyM Mk[fe kus fk wMkhk Lkk{ ni. rfMke kykMMkwk
: - : - : - :
fu kkih Mkkfkfe kk fhLkk, ne MkkLMke r{ ni. ykih ykh EMk{ eLku Mkkfk ni kku
SPRAT : DO
COPY -
SPRAT :nku
DOMkfkk
NOT ni
COPY
NOT COPY
- feSPRAT
: DO
rVhNOT
fiMku MkkLMk
fu rkV
? yki-hxufSPRAT
LkkukuS: DO
hyM
MkkLMk
kikkh
k NOT
kk-COPY
:
yu:
:
-
kVke
:
kuz
x ni.MkkLxrVf
ku[fe
kwrLkk
nkukeniMkhex
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kh,
kh,
t[
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ne MkuCOPY
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ku nI.COPY
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DO NOT
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: DOuNOT
WLk{U
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r{xk
u
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nI
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kku
k,
kw
r
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e
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.
wtf
u
: - : - : - :
nLk fu rfMke kkuu {U u kkk fkuz fhe kE ni fu EMk{ ykih MkkLMk {wkk nI. w~{Lk nI yuf
wMkhu fu.
: - : - : - :
ykEu xufLkkukuS fe EMk ynur{k fku yuf ykMkkLk r{Mkk fu sheuu Mk{U: {kLk
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
NOT COPY
SPRAT
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DOh NOT
rSu fu s{e- yuSPRAT
f yiuMku: {wDO
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nI :yki
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:
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fu: nI
kZ
:
rfLkkhk
fhku
nI. wM
khe :khV
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f LkkMkk
, sufk,
uykku
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se
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kuSCOPY
fku WMfe
yVkek
kLkkMkwCOPY
k Mku -kf
uku nI:. DO
ykMkkLke
fu ru- n{
ske: fuDOMkVh
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DOfu NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
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fk
kkE
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fe
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Mku
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t
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u
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yu
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nkh
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
140
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kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY
rkkkeo
:
h
yMMke
: {e
: Mku
kkhn
:
k [keMk
{e yki
Vetxu fehVkkh
ykku
kZhnu nI.MkkZu
tx
u{U
s{eLku
500COPY
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rfk
nkuCOPY
kk skfu
fk 1000
{e COPY
fk MkVh
{tS: DO
kh
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRATk
: DO
NOT
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SPRAT
: DO NOT
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NOT COPY
[ [w
fu nkUku. kLkesufk
yu
f Lkkfk{ wY
fh Mkfku
nI k
yufLku MkVh
nku
knkU
:
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kh
: hkLkk

Mkfku nI, LkE {tS kf knkU[ Mkfku nI, skfu s{e {S MkkZu kkhn txu kf {unLkk fhku hnUku
kkfu sufkfe kune {tS kf knkU[ U. W{ h wt ku sufk Mku keAu, knkuk keAu hnUku.
: - : - : - :
{e {kLk rSu fu EMk r{Mkk {U VrhfiLk ykLku ykLku kunkheLk MkkE fk
SPRAT
: DO
- nI
SPRAT
: DO NOT
NOT
COPY
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: DO k
NOT COPY
EMku
{kNOT
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fe XkLkku
. kku s{e
x feCOPY
skn-
kuzSPRAT
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k fhu
tku yki
h k
MkkX, Mkkh
yMMke
: {e
: nkrMk
fhU
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su

:
kf
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fehVkkh
. w
Mkhe
fk {ku
xh fkh,
nkE
snk,
SPRAT
: DO
: DOnI.NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DOnkuNOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
kfu
hkufNOT
ux kfCOPY
EMku-{kSPRAT
fh Mkfku
ykh
yiMkk- nwy
k kku k
kk?COPY
s{e-
fu ku
nkheLk: DO
ykeo
8000
{e
Ve
t
x
k
ki
z
u
kk.
ykh
u
ku
L
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f
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fe
hVkkh
fu
{w
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krk
su
f
k
fk
hku
f
u
x
: - : - : - :
fkuE: DO
Vk
ru
kki-hMkVh
he: DO
hU NOT
kku rMkVo
yuf- txSPRAT
u kk s{e
sufkCOPY
Mku 7920
keAu
nkUNOT
ku COPY
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
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: DO NOT
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SPRAT
: DO
ykih {n yuf rLk kk 190000 {e. ykih yuf Mkk kk sufk s{e Mku MkkZu yzMkX
: - : - : - :
r{eLk {e ykku rLkf [wfu nkUku. fki{kU ykih MkekU fu MkVh{U u VkMku wt ne kZku nI, ykih
feLkLk kZu!
:
k
:
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:
- [kLku
:
u firVk MkVh
fhLku
fu {k{u
ni,
ne fkhkLkk
{U, E{
SPRAT
: DO fhLku
NOT {U
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY
: DO NOT
: DOfh
NOT COPY
nkrMk
, kheke
wh fhLku: DO
{U e
kkw
nkuke-
ni.SPRAT
n{ MkkLMk
fu kkiCOPY
h xuf-LkkuSPRAT
kuS nkrMk
Mkfku
, ykih E{kVke
fu kki
h MkkLMk
kkt[u sk
kfn{ ykLku
fku kw
he
Lkn
:
- Lkn.
[w: L
u
n: LkkU
khn
ku
ku
Lkn,
x
fe
Mkkhe
yki
h
i
M
ke
hVkkh
ne
n{khk
{w
f
h
kLke
hnu
ke.
n{
{U
yki
h COPY
EMkkEkU{U k nwekU{U ne Vfo Lkw{kk ni.
: - : - : - :
k n{U Lkn kwALkk [kneu fu ykh MkkLMk EMk{ fu rkV ni kku fkr{kk fiMku nku
hne ni? kfu kU nku hne ni? k MkkLMk fe Sk {U EMk{ fe nkh ni? ykih ykh yiMkk ni kku
n{
:

:
fku
:
h
:
ykLku
k[kU
fku kU
kZkku
nI MkkLMk,
Bwx
h,
ELsrLkhk,
zkufxhe ki
k, ykLku
eLk
fu
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- n{U
SPRAT
: DOrkhkkk
NOT COPY
rkV?
u kuCOPY
kkkLk
fnkt kf
hnukk?- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
kih MkkLMke kk Vunr{kt
r{h ({kMko) siMku wh fu Mkikhu kh yuf wfkh kkze (fBkexe ykuxku{urxf {eLk)
fiMku uLz fh kkke wk fe {So fu kkih? xuMx xwk{U nkhkU k[u kik nku [wfu nI ykih EMk
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYhnu
- nI,SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
wrLkk{U
S k
kfu ki
Lk yks
fu k[kU
fku f: DO
kiNOT
k fh COPY
Mkfku nI-
. kLke
ku : ykLkk
rsLMke
: Mkh{kk
hus:{U
hsk
:
Ek{u
:
fkuzMxku
s{k
fh uku nI, yki
VwhMkk
{iMMkh
nkukk
LkkLk
Mku
krk
nk{uCOPY
k (pregnant)
nku :ke
nI. yks
wrLkk{U
ku COPY
fkhnku- Lkw{SPRAT
kkt yt:DO
{ NOT
u COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPYfe-
SPRATELMkkLk
: DO NOT
hnk
ni
rsLk
fk
{n
keMk
Mkk
ku
n
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kMkw
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kf
Lkne
rfk
Mkfkk
kk.
kku
u
Mkk
fi
M
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{w
{
rfLk
: - : - : - :
ni?: k
u neMk
Mkne
ni fu :wDO
k NOT
Lku MkkCOPY
Mku kun- u
h nkuNOT
kLkku
. WMkfu
Lkef: DO
EMkMku
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- Lknet
SPRAT
yf
SPRATyki
: DO
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
kunkh fkuE [e Lkn? k nhk ye(he.) Mku {tMkwk u Eko fu: MkkLMk {U EBkk nkrMk
: - : - : - :
fhLkk Mkk Mku kzk EBkk ni? n{ MkkLMke fkhnku Lkw{kkt fku Mkk{Lku kLku fu ru fwA ykkfe
kVhen fu ru ykih fwA Lkfkhe fu ru fwA r[Mk MkkLMke nfkEf. fwA kwrLkke ykih fwA
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkiS
nkk NOT
- 141COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO
:

: e
kunhu
. kufhLku
hnu nI: .
fwA n{khe
kk Vun
{ekt
wh
nkUke,ykih fwAfw:kk
un
Lke e
nkuke:
SPRAT : DO
rsMku
n{{w
e rV{
Mk{ku
nI,hyM
k rV{
kfu
xe Mkkk
:
:
ku
{w
:
Lkn
Aku
x
e :Aku
ke rMkhe
kuCOPY
e Mku ki- zkLkuSPRAT
Mku n{U: DO
kkoy
u Mk{
kh -{wSPRAT
e (k {ku: DO
Lk,NOT
k COPY
SPRAT : DO NOTkMkkehfe
COPY - tSPRAT
: DOfku
NOT
NOT
COPY
nfok ke) rkE uke ni. yk kku EMk kiku{U kih {k{we khe nwE ni. keze ykih
[owy rhkexe rV{U kku kkuk nfefkfku ne k fh h Mkfke nI. ykh
ykkLku xkExurLkf siMke {kyuLkk rV{ kLkkLku ku zkhuxh suBMk fu{uhkuLk fe
:
-ykkh
Lkk{e
:
u
- :
nkrk
ke
ze rV{
Lkn ue kku: sYh
rukk.
SPRAT : DONOTwCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO fuNOT
COPY
DOku
NOT
- SPRAT
: DOkuNOT
Mkhe khV
khn khn
Aku
, kufu, SPRAT
wkh: k
kkCOPY
kkSkt
siMku sku
kU COPY
:
:
rs{U
- nw
:
khLkt
ku kkt[Lkk
k ykLke
f kk
fh kzk
MkkLkU
[ u:Lkk
kkrnh
tfku -kkk
fhLkk,
kk.. NOT
k uCOPY
yuf -kuLkw
Yfu :kkkk
fe COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT[eu
COPY
SPRAT
: DOWLfk
NOT kfk
COPY kf
- k
SPRATu:LDO
SPRAT
DO NOT
rw
ke
fk
w
E
khefu
Mku
ku
fhLkk,
u
Mkk
kze
{k{w
e
Mke
kkkU
nI
MkkLMk
fu
: - : - : - :
Lkef.
fE rnLw kEkULku e ku fu w keLkufk ELkk kzk {k{k kLkkk {kh u MkkLMke
: - : - : - :
r{kLk kh kze ykMkkLke Mku surface tension k capillary effect fu WMkw fu sheu Mk{kk
Mkfkk ni.
: - : - : - :
yksfk ELMkkLk ykLku k[u fe rsLMk (gender) kik nkuLku Mku kunu k fh Mkfkk ni. ku
SPRAT : DO NOTk
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- sheu
SPRATykLke
: DO NOT
COPYrkxk
- SPRAT
wh- Lkn
sk kri
Lk rsLku
rxfMkfu
nkuLku ke
fu kk: DO
MkwLkuNOT
nhu COPY
:
-ku,kMxf
:
furfMke
:
fhkU
Mksoh
e fu sheu
rsM{
e
Ww fekLkw
{kE
yks
khk
fu
nhSPRAT
nuh{U: DO
whNOT
fhkk
Mkfkk
ni. :rsM{
fu knku
k Mkkhu
ykk :ku
COPY
SPRAT : DO NOTkfrhkLk
COPY -
COPY-
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
Mkfku
nI
.
kfu
kkkk
WLfe
rkhk
nku
L
ku
ke
ni
.
{kt
k
kkk
fu
kki
h
k[u
ki
k
nku
: - : - : - :
Mkfku nI, nk{uk nwyu rkLkk ykLkk k[k rfMke ykih fe fku {U sLk{k Mkfke ni. ykih
kwshkk fu nuh yt{U EMk k {krhk fe fkuE 200 {kykutfu k[u {wfk{e kkeLk
: - : - : - :
fe fw{U khkLk [Z hnu nI. re{U {wLkk kkh EMke {kykutfe yuf Akuxe Mke fkukuLke
SPRAT : DO NOTe
COPY
SPRAT
kLk -kE
ni. : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
[{kkz uke Lkn ni, ku hyM yktkUfu kkih u Mkfke ni, MkwLk fh. kkuk ku
SPRAT : DO NOTfkLkkU
COPY
LkuSPRAT
DO NOT
Mku u-
fk fk{:fhke
ni. COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
: ELMkkLkkU
ku fu ku
khLkh
Mku kun
khu: yki
h Mkw
Lk Mkfku
nI. ku ykkU
MkwLk Mkfku
u n{- Lkn
MkwLk :Mkfku
nkktCOPY
fu n{khe
k Mkfke
nI.: yki
ku COPY
SPRAT : DO NOTnICOPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
- kLkkE
SPRATnw:EDO{eLkU
NOT WLnU
COPYMkw-L
SPRAT
DOhNOT
EMk
kkhefe{U
u
Mkfke
nI
rsMk{U
n{
ykLke
Lkt
ke
ykt
Mku
Lkn
u
Mkfku
.
ELkhu
z
: - : - : - :
rzkEMkeMk fu sheu n{ ELMkkLke hkk fe kunhe kkhefe{U kze ykMkkLke Mku u Mkfku
nI. (Ehkf{U y{uhefe rMkkknekU Lku EMke fe { Mku Ehkfe rMkkknekU kh khkhe
: - : - : - :
nkrMk fe ke). stk fe rV{U kLkkLku ku ELn fk EMku{k fhku nI.
yksfe MkkLMkfu EMku{k Mku n{ ELke wh kf u Mkfku nt u ELMkkLke kkhe{U fe
: - : - : - :
{w{rfLk Lk kk. kfu n{ {ke {U ktf Mkfku nI.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
142
-{VYk
kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY
:
kzu
:
t,Lku:

snkt n{
fwAELku
kzu
rMkkkhu,funfkyu
wk u
ku nIrsLk fu
yuf :w
Mkhu Mku
SPRAT : DO rLkfe
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
nwE -hkuLke
wMkhu: DO
rMkhuNOT
kh COPY
knkU[Lku-
{U SPRAT
nkhkU :kfu
kkUCOPY
Mkk -kk
uke ni: ,DO
kku NOT COPY
wMkhe khV
Akux:u sw
fk
e n{U
E{nisiMku: yu
f r{e
{exh
fu Mk
kU
rnMMku
:
-ELku

Akuxu.-(EMk
kh yu: fDO
r[~k
xuk- ykku
ku ni: DO
.) NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO rskLku
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT

EMke khn
ykt
fu ykMk{kLk
Mkefku: E
[e
ni neLkn. yki
h hkkkU
{u u
:
-u
nfefk
: ni
- si
:
{tsh n{ ykMk{kLk fe rMkBk uku nI hyM u rMkVo n{khe h fk kufk ni. urfLk
WLfe rLkfe nwE hkuLke yk n{khe yktkU kf knkU[ hne ni. EMfu khrkV fE
: - : - : - :
yiMku kkhu e nkUku u yks sw{U yk [wfu nI. {kusw nI, {kh rsLkfe hkuLke n{ kf
SPRAT : DO MkekU
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
- Lkn
SPRAT
: DOUNOT
COPY
SPRAT
kk -knkU
[Uke yki
h kk
kfCOPY
ku n{U
rkE
ku, nkkt
fu -kunkt
yk: DO
e NOT COPY
:
nI. - : - : - :
SPRAT :DO snkt
NOT n{
COPY
- Mkw
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYu-
SPRAT
NOT
COPY -yki
hSPRAT
ELke
Mk hVkkhe
fk k
Mkfku
nI si:MDO
ku kzkU
fe kZk,
fkuLxLku:LDO
x NOT COPY
rz^x (kLke
o yk{,
siMku ykrfk,
u fku
E [khkkt[ EL[
:
- Mkkhk
fk
:Mkkhk
khu
:
MkkkLkk
: fu
rnMkkk
Mku
rMkf
hnk
ni
)
n
w
M
khe
khV
yi
M
ke
ku
khko
h
[eu
t
f
k
si
M
ku
u
h
ke{
u NOT COPY
: DO
yuf MkufLz{U fhkuzkU {kokk û fhke ni.
: - : - : - :
n{khu {wnu fe {Ms fu {kikLkk ykkf u {kLkLku fku kikh Lkn fu s{eLk fk fkuE
ykhe rMkhk Lkn nkukk, kU fu ku kku ni. ykih u fu n{ EMk kh xfhnu nI, kkuk
: - : - : - :
Mkh rLk[u ykih kih Wkh! ykih u fu fru f kuexu& VkuMko fu sheu u EMk khn
SPRAT : DO {w
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
- khV
SPRAT
DO NOT
{rfLk
ni, rsMk
khn Vw:xDO
kkuNOT
kh COPY
wtxe nh
w{: Mkfke
ni. COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
-rfkLku
E{k{
:
- nkU
snkt
:

Lku n{khu
Mkknu
kkLk Lkku
ku fufw:kw
k w{
ke yki
h swL
kwke{U
rLk
SPRAT : DO fe
NOT
- fE
SPRAT
NOT
- fe
SPRAT
: DOfE
NOT{neLku
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
hkuCOPY
Lke fE
{neLku: DO
hunke
ni COPY
ykih hkk
kkhefekt
, nkt
ku Lk{kkU
fk NOT COPY
kiwLk fiMku fhku nI? k: Efk
[kt fiMku ukunI? k: k
hkuk A {neLku
[kk
:

nkt
t
:kk
ni
?
ky
kku
u
e
Lkn
{kLkku
fu
{krhk{U
hu
n
Lku
ku
Lk{k
fu
eu
{krhk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : Lkn
DO NOT COPY
{rf
fe
khV
Y
fhku
nI
.
: - : - : - :
WLk{U Mku fwA fku kku u e Lkn {kw{ fu rsMk hnu heV fk s{eLk ku Lk A rfku
nkukk, [kt ku WMfk Lk rMkVo yuf rfku ni. k r{heo kh rMkVo ku rfku. k u fu [kt
: - : - : - :
ku {kiMk{ Lkn nkuku fkut fu nkt nk Lkn ni.
k u Akuxe Mke kkk fu sk [kt nkuhkELk ku Whkk ni. WVf ku Whkk ni kku knkuk
:
- ukkni yki
:
-ykMk{kLk
: {U
Aku
:xk
kzk rkE
h siM
ku siMku Wkh
WXkk
ni kkurLkMkkLk
nkukk
SPRAT : DO rkE
NOT COPY
: DO
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
ukk -ni, uSPRAT
rfLk rMkVo
u NOT
n{kheCOPY
LkhkU- fkSPRAT
kufk ni:,DO
WMfk
ns{
kkk
ne Lkn.: DO NOT COPY
:
ku: [kt
-
ni
:
:

k u fusiMku s{eLk
Lke({w
Lk kELk)
rkhke
EMke
khn [kt
khs{eLkLke
(yko
rkhke
, Mkwhsfe
hkuNOT
Lke {eLk
fh: [kt
kh rkhke
h ku ELke
SPRAT : DO kELk)
NOT COPY
- niSPRAT
: DO
COPY -Mkuxfhk
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY ni
- ,yki
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
kkfkh
nku
ke
ni
fu
ykk
WMk{U
hkMke
{~f
Mku
kZ
re
Mkfku
nI
.
yki
h
nkt
Mku
{eLk
: - : - : - :
kzk wkMkwhk [kt rkE ukk/ uke ni.(uh:)
knkU[ fh ykMk{kt kh e kku uku yi {et kkU
: - : - : - :
nkt Mku u s{ e ykMk{kt {kw{ nkuke ni.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkiS: nkk
143COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DO -NOT
:
-VfLkkMke
:
kfu
:
yksfe
nkt
kf knkU
[ [wfenifu: Mkku
Mkku
Mkk kunu r{LxkU
MkufLzkU
fk
SPRAT : DO NOTkiCOPY
- n{
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
wLk fhfu
fun Mkfku
nI fu COPY
Vkt nkke
kkh: DO
({uxNOT
kuhkEx)
k -Vkt
(yuMxk:uLDO
kkur{f
kuLkkku
E
ykusux)Vkt
kk. (wrkxh)
(w{
ufh ue-9) xfhkLku
:
[eMku
: xfhku
:ku
fe
:
e kE
txkUCOPY
ykih -r{LxkU
fe kVMke
fu Mkkk.
SPRAT : DO NOTkhMkkU
COPYf
- fh
SPRAT
: DOke.
NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
uELk Aku
e kkkkU
kh
feLk Lkn fhku
kikh nI fu yk
w
:
x
:
ku
:EMfu
ru
:MkkLMk

nkk kf kik fh Mkfke ni? y{uhefk fu (su. uk uLxh ELMxexwx) {U MkkLMkkLkkULku

({kEkukM{k furfku{ MkuMk) {U {MLkwE ze.yuLk.yu. kr fhfu nkk kef
: - : - : - :
fhe. ykih nkt kMku k Mku kuLkk fu sheu rfMke Lkkhfe {wfB{ ykih sk
SPRAT : DO NOTLk
COPYkLkkE
- SPRAT
: DOniNOT
- SPRAT
NOTsk
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
Mkfke
. ku COPY
k yk
wh Lkn: DO
kkk.
{wf- B{
ELMkkLkne
fe COPY
:

:
- : - :
Lk
kikh
fe u
.
SPRAT : DONOTfe
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO nkk
NOT COPY
: DO
EBfkLk
nI fu s{eLkfu
ykk
e- fE
MkikhkU: kh
{kisw- ni, SPRAT
kuk Sku
nI,NOT
nku COPY
Mkfkk
ni
fwAyki
khn fu
kuknkU, nkuMkfkk
fu WLfu
nkk-ki
h neLknkU, :ku
[ku
ne
:
h:
:ni
Lk
nkU
kfu
Wzku
nkU
.
k
kU
fe
khn
kku
nkU
,
k
ku
rMkVo
nk
fu
kLku
nw
y
u
nkU
.
yki
h COPY
E{uLkkLkMku yuf wMkhu fu ke[Mku kwh kkku nkU! k u fu ku knkuk kzu nkU, n{khu yuf yuf
: - : - : - :
{kunu fu khkkh!
ku[khu Vyk rLkfkLkuku ykih E{u Lkwsw{fu {krnh funkLku ku kuk Lktke yktMku
: - : - : - :
uu nwyu kkhkU ykih MkikhkU fe kwrLkk kh n{khu {wMkfrk fe kuLkkkuE fhku nI ku
SPRAT : DO NOTykh
COPY(xu
-
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
SPRAT
DOyki
NOT
rMfku
k) Mku: DO
ykM{kLk
uU- kku
WLnU fwA: DO
ykiNOT
h ne COPY
{tsh -Lksh
ykyu:kk.
h COPY
:
kyu
Lkw:s
:o,
h
:
ku{s{wy
w{ k
kkhk{tz siMku (rkku
rkk,
Mfkukku
) ki
k rsMfe
kwrLkk
ku ku-Lkkku
E fhku
nI NOT
kku kuCOPY
kkuk -ku
nI rkh
kkhkUfCOPY
u w{kx{U
SPRAT : DO NOTkh
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
ku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- .SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
[kt ykihMkq
hs k: n
yki
h w{kh kkhkU
u kkhu
{U Zuh
Mkkhe VhMkw
kkkkU
ke
nI
:
f
:
Vi
: kE
rsLk
fk
nrffk
Mku
fku
E
kkw
f
Lkn.
rkE
{krnheLk
kku
kkkk
w
{
kh
kkhkU
f
e COPY
r{e kf nkt {tkk Mkfku nI.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY

- SPRAT
ELMkkLke
fkhLkk{u
: MkkLMkfe
-
:
khn
:
skekU
: fku
khe
fk k
yk{
ni?rfMke
ku
k{wnkk
n{khe
k
hneNOT
ni? COPY
yuf kMk
s{e{k,
ELMkkrLkk
fu :nkrk
{U SPRAT
n{ ku: DO
MkkLMke,
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DOkWLkLk
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOTfkhLkk{u
COPY -
NOT COPY
xufLkku
kuSykih yk{e
fu fwAekhku
suxMk
fk rs
fhhnu nI u
rkAu
[t MkkkU
{
U
:
:kykw
Lk
:
Yky{ ykyu nI. n{ WLfk rs EMk ru e fh hnu nI fu {wMk{kLk WLnU Lk fh u ViMkk fhU
fu k yk e ku MkkLMk Mku kwhu fhUku? kwshkk ne fe khn kk Mkkhu khk{U kkk
: - : - : - :
MkkLMk Mku k kku khku nwyu nI, k WMfe ynur{k Lkn Lkku ykih k ku WLfu ru knkuk
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
LSPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
{nUNOT
ke ni.COPY
(kh,
kkno :{UDOMkkLMk{U
Mfw- yu
kku{uLx,: DO
k ku
knku-kne
f{ nI, kw: DO
hu kkiNOT
h khCOPY
:
:
- {w
rn{
[kLke
: kzu
kku:
kwhe
fki{ fku
EMkrMkrMku
{U yuf
skhMk
ke).u nkuMkfu
n Mku
ykk
SPRAT : DO
NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
NOTfuCOPY
s{e{u
fk COPY
Y fhU- ykiSPRAT
h u:UfDO
u kNOT
nku COPY
hne ni-
se
wrLkkyu
E{COPY
ykih -kkki
hu kMk: DO
MkkLMk
ku
ku{U. rVh
n ki
x ykEyu
kk.- : - :
:
:
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
144
-{VYk
kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY
:
- rMkkkhku
fk
:
fe
:MkykkU

kMkk
:
n{ Mke
E{
fu sheu
fkLkkk
fu kkhu{U yAk
ytkk
hku
. {MkLk
nI :fuDOfkLkkk
{U yi-M
ke Mkey
nfkt
{kuCOPY
sw nI - rsLfu
yuf :rMkhu
Mku COPY
SPRAT
: DOnINOT
COPYn{
- Lkku
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT fu
: DO
NOT
SPRAT
DO NOT
Lkefe wyk
fku nkhkU
, kkU
ku
ELnet
fu wMkhu rfLkkhu
kf :knkU
[Lku
fu
rLkfe
: hku
:
khMk
-k

:nI

ru. urfLk n{{U Mku f{ ne fku kkk nkukk fu n{ rsMku fkLkkk fe Mkk Mku Akuxe [es {kLkku nI,
kLke yux{ (u ELke Akuxe nkuke ni fu n{ WMku Lktke ykt Mku nhrk Lkn u Mkfku) hyM
: - : - : - :
yuf knkuk kze skn ni, ELk {kknuk yux{ yLkkrMkh (Mkk-yuxkur{f kkxf)fu ru, rsLkMku
SPRAT
DOkLkkk
NOT ni
COPY
- .99%
SPRAT
: DOrkfw
NOTCOPY
DO NOT COPY
skn
keni. SPRAT
ykEu :ykkfe
yux: {
. yki-hLk SPRAT
k u: DO
e NOT
fu yuxCOPY
{{U 99
r[Mke
:
ynu
:
fu ru
:
ykihMkkLMkfe
r{k
fk yuy
kk fhLku
n{
MkkE
fk yu
f {ku:x
k ytk
SPRAT
: DO
COPYTable
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY - {USPRAT
: DO
: DOyuNOT
10 - :Size
ka Andaja
ku fhku
nI.NOT
{kLkCOPY
eSu- fu SPRAT
yuf zfk
f COPY
kfkkw
NOT
fu sheu
{exh
kLke
39.37
#[
[k
ni
.
: - : - : - :
MkkE fk ytkk
: - : - : - :
10-12 khMk fk zfk
:1 {exh
: - : - : - :
ykk fu rexk fkzofe tkkE
:WMfk Mkt rnMMkk k yuf rzMke {exh
SPRAT : DO
NOTfeCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
- {exh
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
{e
tkkE- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY:WMfk
Mkt rnMMkk,
k yuCOPY
f MkuLx
:
- fkzo

: rnMMkk
- :
ykkfu
rexf
fe{ku: x
kE :WMfk
Mkt
ykkfu
fu kk
fkh : DO NOT COPY:WMfk
Mkt rnMMkk
SPRAT : DO
NOTrMkh
COPY
- fk
SPRAT
- SPRAT
(ELMkkLke yktfe, Lkhfe, hn / rr{x)
: - : - : - :
kzu kuxurhk
:WMfk Mkt rnMMkk
Akuxu kufxurhk
:WMfk Mkt rnMMkk (k yuf {kEkuLk)
:
- :
: rnMMkk
- :
kEhMk
:WMfk
Mkt
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
LkuLkwNOT
rxffeCOPY
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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Figure 13 - Freedom Index
: - : - : - :
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COPYku-nhehU
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYMkkrkk
- SPRAT
NOTMkU
COPY
SPRAT
DOktNOT
{U :e
h {wM{
ne kk
{kkh
nkuke nI: DO
. n{khe
fzkU u- k MkkExT
Mk:kku
COPY
k
ykWx
yku
V
zu
x
kze
nI
.
rferkzek
kh
ykLke
ku
n
ek
fe
kneh
fhLku
Mku
,
ykLku
Mk{kS
: - : - : - :
{Lw
h fkuNOT
VikLku
Mku n{U
k? nkt
n{khu
Lk ykihkI: Mku
nI.)COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
- rfMkLku
SPRAThku:fDO
NOTe
COPY
- uSPRAT
DOf{
NOT
{wM{ {w{krf{U ykyu rLk kgk kx, uLk uLk, MkkuukkSkt, rMkkMke fku kkhk
: - : - : - :
ykih nrkkh kt Vkisfe xwfrzkt yk{ fe skekUfu Mkkk wLkfe nkuekt uke hunke nI.
MkwzkLk, Mkku{krk, yVkLkeMkkLk fk nk kku n{U {kw{ ne kk, yk rfhrkMkkLk Mku e kwfu
nkkk
: {U
:fku
:kzk.
Figure
:
13 - Freedom
Index
rfh{kLk
kuk kkfe
Eku
kh Akuz fh
kkLkk
SPRAT
- 14
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
fe :kDO
kV NOT
ykih COPY
Figure
- OIC
Mumalik
aur-
Jamhuri
Azadiyan
{U eu
ku kkE: [kxo
Mku COPY
heLkkfk{ekU
nkukeni
. : - :
n{khe
: s{nw
fe
:nfefk
ykfkh
yku.ykE.Mke.
fu {w
M{
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
{w
{
krf
{U
rMkVo
7
rVMk
kLke
: - : - : - :
kkuk
rMkVo
4
{wM{
{w{krf(Akuxk xwfzk) yiMku nI u
: - : - : - :
rz{ nkWMk fe kwhe rz{, kwhe
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
ykkekt
ykLku- yk{
fku:uDO
ku nINOT
. COPY
: - : - :
L
ykih
ku 4{wf fki
k Mku nI:
? ykkLku
WLfuNOT
Lkk{COPY
e -Lkn
MkwLku :nkUDO
ku NOT
: COPY
SPRAT
{ke,
ku
L
keLk,
kw
kLkk
yki
h
: - : - : - :
MkwheLkk{.
41 rVMk
{w{krf
{U COPY
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
Lke{ s{nwhe ykkekt LkMkek nI
: - : - : - :
skfu 52 rVMk Mku kk {wM{
{w{krf (Mkk Mku kzk xwfzk) {U
: - : - :
yk{
kwk{kUf
e
ske
rkkkku
SPRAT : DO
nI.NOT
snktCOPY
n{ - yfMkhek
{U NOT
nI COPY
Figure 14 - OIC Mumalik aur Jamhuri Azadiyan
LkrMkVo ufu:
n{
Lku
: - : - : nkt
yfrkkU
f
ku
kw
k{
kLkk
hk
ni
kfu
w
ykLke
nw
f
w
{
kkU
fu
kw
k{
nI
.
n{khu
kw
r
Lkke
nw
f
w
f
e
n{U {MMkh Lkn urfLk snkt n{ yfek{U nI, siMku rnLwMkkLk {U, EMke s{nwhek fe wnkE
: - : - : - :
uku nI. yk ykEu khk fe s{nwhek fk k U.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkiS: nkk
149COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DO -NOT
: rnLw
-MkkLke
s{nw
:
-
h: u
-

hek
fk Mkh[~{k
ni
Mkw
rnL,
(fkuLMxxw
Lk
ykuV :ELzk).
EMk
fu k#
n{khe
rkk: DO
f NOT
ykih COPY
rkk -kfw
V nkuL:keDO
[kneu
EMk {w-
f fuSPRAT
ekh: Ekhu
siMkuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPYVkkhe
- SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT. COPY
DO NOT
kkko
{uLx,rhkMkke
[Mko
, Mkwe{ fkuxo,
Eu:Lk
fr{Lk,
fki{e ktS{ khku
:
uS: Mku
: ELMkkLke
nwfwf, ykurzxh sLkh, w.ke.yuMk.Mke., w.S.Mke kihk n{khu rkV Lkn kfu n{khu ykLku
Ekhu nI. WLfk kn^Vw fhLkk, WLfe Esk fhLkk, WLMku ykLku nf {ktkLkk, WLfk Vkk WXkLkk u
: - : - : - :
n{khk yiLk s{nwhe uk, s{nwhe kkih nu. siMku eLk fu Lkef fwA kwLkkn nkuku nI iMku ne wrLkk fu
SPRAT : DO
NOT s{nw
COPYh-ek
SPRAT
: DOnwNOT
- SPRAT
: DOfwNOT
COPY
- tfSPRAT
NOTnI.COPY
Lksef,
fu Lksef,
fw{kCOPY
fu Lksef
e n{khu
A fk{
kwLkknku
u rsBLk :{UDOykku
:
ni:.
k
:
:
ykih
n{U WLk
Mku k[Lkk
EMfk
{kk
u nwy
fu n{khu
ke[
{wfykih {wffufkLkw
Lk Mku
kkhe
SPRAT : DO
- kkuSPRAT
NOTLkn
COPY
- .SPRAT
SPRAT
fhLkuNOT
kuCOPY
, WMk fku
zLku ku: DO
kLkkLku
[kneu
ku {wf: DO
ne fuNOT
LknCOPY
n{khu- e
w~{Lk :nkUDO
ku.NOT COPY
s{nw
h
ek
fk
yu
f
yki
h
kfkk
u
ni
fu
WMk{U
Egu
kVu
hk
{w
{
rfLk
ne
Lkn
kfu
k
: - : - : - :
k{e
ni. snkt
nwf{hkt: DO
kkxeoNOT
nkukeCOPY
ni n
kVNOT
(ykuCOPY
kkurLk)
e nku:keDOni.NOT
kfuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOTe
COPY
- SPRAT
- nMkku
SPRATEgu
: DO
- SPRAT
w.fu. {U kku kkfkk ykukkueLkfu hkk (uzku furkLkux) e nkuke ni. s{nwrhk{U {MkkE e
: - : - : - :
nkuku nI, Akuxu {kuxu kzu nkuku nI, ErgkV nkuku nI ykih WLnut wh fhLku fk shek knMkku {wkknuMkk,
yMkhku YMkw, kukk, kukkukuLzk ykih kneh kihn. k{ VkuzLku Mku, unk keo fhLku Mku,
:

:
:
kw
Mku...kekkihkh:
n{U yi
Mkk k
Mkfkk
ni fu {MkkE
n nku
kyuu
rfLk k{Lk
WLk Mku
SPRAT : DO
SPRATki:DO
- SPRAT
: DO
- khkkLke
SPRAT : DO
NOT
fE NOT
ykih COPY
MktkeLk- {MkkE
k nkuNOT
kuCOPY
nI. (yfk{u
{wknu
k {UNOT
y{uCOPY
hefe k
kkko
{uLxCOPY
{U u
knMku
nwykfhke
xe.e.
kh WLnU uLkk
Mkkf
yk{ku ksw
kkonkukk:
fu rfMk
khn
:
nI
: ,
yu:f
kt
k
kt
k
fu
ku
k
yk
yk
LkMk,
kkLkku
fki
r
{k
fu
ku
k
ykLku
Egu
kV
fku
w
h
fhLku
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTfuCOPY
ru r{ uz fh kiXku nI. kwVkukw fu sheu, kkkkyu k fu sheu yuf {w~kfo khfek kLkkku
: - : - : - :
nI.)
s{nwhek fe {ktk kku u ni fu fkuE e fkLkwLk Mku kkkkh Lkn. skkne, ykih ku e
:
- .rsMk
nw
:
fhku
:
:ehu
yk{,
yk{ fu Mkk{Lku
e fki{
fe n{
{B{k
nit WMke
fu {wf EMkkEfu
SPRAT : DO
NOTELku
COPY
SPRAT
: DOuNOT
SPRAT
: DOrfMke
NOTswCOPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
nkt ne
nk -kMkt
yurh
hkuLk,COPY
fe {wf- k{e
kkueMkLku
{o fu rMkrMku
{U :kVke
fe,COPY
kwA
kkA feskfunkt
yk{ku. kw

fku y{u
hefe
MkuLkux{UEhkffurMkrMku
{U
ykLke
:
fu: ehu

:
:
MkVkE
u
L
ke
kze
{nU
ke
kze.
LxLk
ykLke
ELku
n
kE
{fkw
ek
fu
kksw
{ku
r
Lkfk
fu
{k{u
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT{UCOPY
yBk[{u
x (khkhVe)
khu
{U ykku
ykkuhu
n kyu
. w
khk{U
rnLwy
kutfu ykk
kwY
fkt[e
:
L :fu
:
:
fu tfhyk[ko, rsLkuL MkhMke, yuf fk fu rMkrMku{U rkhVkkh rfu kyu. kwshkk fe
f{kuh s{nwhek fu kksw LkhuL {kue fe rkw kkueMk ku ykih w ehu kuk EMk k
: - : - : - :
nkkk {U nit. urfLk s{nwhek fk k{k ({uuhexkhekrLk{)k yfMkhek fe nwf{hkLke
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRATfu :ru
DO ,NOT
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRATku
: DOnI.NOT
LknNOT
ni. EMk
{U yfek
WMk COPY
fu knVVw
fu ru :fwDO
A yk
Mku fkLkw- Lk kLkku
ykihCOPY
:
- fu hu: n
Mkw
hu rnL
{U u{kisw :ni
. n{
nkt yfMkhek
{ku fh{
khLkn
S
hnu. : n{
nkt
WLfu
kuEtNOT
k kuMCOPY
x k {u-
n{kLk
fe khn
Lkn S
hnu- nI. SPRAT
u n{khk
{wNOT
f ni,COPY
n{khe- s{eLk
ni :n{
nktCOPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
: DO
SPRAT
DOLkuNOT
kes
kku
u
nI
.
WMfe
ykkkhe
fe
ni
.
WMfe
VMk
Mku
{u
n
w
nku
L
ku
{U
,
WMk
VMk
fku
fkxLku
Mku
,
WMfu
: - : - : - :
V kLku Mku fkuE n{U hkuf Lkn Mkfkk. ykih yiMkk hkufLku kkU Mku zLkk ykkfk {uhk nf ne Lkn
Vo e ni.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
150
-{VYk
kkiS-nkk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
DO NOT COPY
:

:

urfLk
s{nwh
ek fu:
ykLku
fwA WMkw
e
nI,skrkk
nI, {skw
hekt
enI: .
n{U e
fo:hDO
ykiNOT
h MkLkykfkhkU
wrLkLkkU
khn,
rkkU
khn,: DO
kkeLk
ktS-{kU
khn: ykLke
SPRAT
COPY - fe
SPRAT
: DOfeNOT
COPY
- fe
SPRAT
NOT fe
COPY
fe
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
fk {knku
zk
fhLkk
nkukk.
ykLkunwfwf
fu ru
kk
fhLkk nku
kk.
yk{
nLk
fku
rn{kk
:

:
ku
:
fu:
kikh fhLkk nkukk. hkMkU, {wknehu, {u{kuhtz{ uLku nkUku. {ku[uo ykih {wkeVk fk yunku{k{
fhLkk nkukk. sYhk kzu kku rMke LkkVh{kLke e fhLke nkuke. EMk hkn {U frXLkkEkt nI, u k
: - : - : - :
uke nI. urfLk ne kunkh hkMkk ni. {kxLk wkh fk, {kunLk kMk kkte, LkuMkLk {tzuk, kfu
SPRAT
NOT
COPY -yknke
SPRAT :kMkt
DONOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOTELk
COPY
: DO fe
NOT COPY
EMk: DO
nVku
f~{ehfu
hunLkwCOPY
{k ye
kn kekLke...
Mkk- Lku SPRAT
EMke hkMku
rn{kk
:
: w
-nku
fhku
:
fe niykLku ykkku
{kh
s{k fhLku
tku
. zuxk: ku
MkeMk
hLkunkUku.
rhMk[o
hun
Lkk
SPRAT
DOkE
NOT COPY
- fhLku
SPRAT
NOT. COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY
- LkwSPRAT
: DOfh
NOT COPY
nku: kk,
kikh
nkU: kuDO
ykLku
kkfu nfkEf
Mku k
u NOT
n{ {w
{kELke
MkfU
,
{w
knMk
fhU
,
{w
t
n
kku
z
skk
u
MkfU
yki
h
ykLku
Mkne
{MkkE
fe
Lkw
{
kELke
fh
MkfU
.
: - : - : - :
yk{e
n SPRAT
kh yuf: knku
k WBk
fk{- yku
.ykE.Mke.
{krfCOPY
fe khV
EMk rMkBk
{U COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYMkku
-
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO{wNOT
- Mku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
u nwyk ni fu k{k{ {uBkh {w{krf fu {wgeV kikkU{U, siMku hkuskkh, Mkunkku kke{, rkhk,
: - : - : - :
MkLkykku nwVok kihk kh kMke kVMke Mku ykkku w{kh {wnik rfu kyu nI. n{ nh Mfkuh fku
EMk ukMkkEx Mku Yswy fhLkufe kwhkuh rMkVkhe fhUku : Http://www.sesrtcic.org.
kLkMkeke
:
Lku:
:kkt

: ni
fu fE
{w{krf
ykLkk
fwA zuxk keLk keLk,
[ kkt
[ MkkMku Lkn
rk
rsMfe
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
sn
MkuNOT
fMkktCOPY
ksrk
fhLku {U: kze
kfeV
nkuke-
ni.SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
n{khe
kte{
Mkux:{U
n{ u
[knku
nI fu
yuf{wMkrf
kk EMk
fk{fu
ru
,
:

: ku
:fk{
fhU
u
yfek
fu
{MkkE
kh
{w
Mkf
yki
h
{w
M
kLk
rhMk[o
fhkk
hnu
yki
h
kLk
VkLk
ykLke
rhkkuxoMk he fhkk hnu, Lkw{kELke fhkk hnu. ykkhku hMkkE fu sheu yk{ fku {kw{kk
: - : - : - :
Vhkn{ fhkk hnu. kkuk fu yuf NAROM k Lku~ rhMk[o ykukuoLkkEuLk Vkuh {wM{Mk, kLku.
{kh Lku fk fkiLk n{khe yuykLkk fu ru ykku ykyukk. siMku EkkLku ktken fe ke: (r{Mkk)
:

:
-kfeh
fk
:knkLkk
- :
y{
Mku Vkrhk
nwy
k {wMk{kt
kLkkfu
SPRAT : DO NOT
: DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOTfkCOPY
n{COPY
Lku u-kfu SPRAT
rfMk khn
yuNOT
f s{nw
he rLkk{
{U yfekkU
knVw-{wSPRAT
{rfLk ni: .DO
ykiNOT
h COPY
ku {nke
h Mk{kS
ykkMk{U
Mku n{u
t Vkk
nku
Mkfkk
sk n{
fi
: M
yki
{MkkE
: fku
-yk
hLku
:
ni:.
ykLku
Mk{kS
{MkkE
fe
ki
h
e
Mkw
h
u
rnL
fu
nku
Mku
fhku
nI
kku
n{U
ykLku
yAu
rnLw
, COPY
rMk yki
h si
Lk
kzkuMkekU
fk Mkkk
er{
Mkfkk
ne krhMk
h rLkku
fe: fnkLke
fe
EMkkE,
:
:
ni:,
yki

khn. ykih n{ {wMk{kLk w~{LkkUfu {wtn e kt fh Mkfku nI.
s{nwhe rLk{ {U n{U rnMMkk uku nwyu ykLku rMkkMke hunLkw{kykutfe Mkne kun[kLk e
: - : - : - :
fhLke nkuke. k hnu fu n{ WLnU EMk ru Lkn [wLk hnu nI fu ku EkLku kkko{uLx {U,
SPRAT
NOT{COPY
- fe
SPRAT
: DOfhU
NOT
COPYfk{
- SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
yuM: kuDO
BkekU
U EMk{
kkek
, Lk{kU
fhU k :hkuDO
kNOT
hUCOPY
, kfu- EMk
ru fu: DO
knMk
{U
:
: U
-Mkukw
h
:
-{w
:ki
, {wkknMku
{UkwhkuhrnMMkk
, fkLkw
Lk fu nku
hku
skk
U. n{khe
LkkrMkk
he fhU
,
n{khu
fku WXkyu
t, ykih :n{khu
{MkkE
nwfw{ku: k
Mku rLkfkyu
kut fu nkt
SPRAT
: DO{k{kk
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPYfu- n
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY - t. SPRAT
: DOkh
NOT COPY
ku
EMk{
fe
ki
h
e
fhLku
Lkn
hnu
,
EMk
ru
ykh
ku
kzu
Lku
f
{w
M
k{kLk
nI
u
r
fLk
rLkfB{u
: - : - : - :
fkLkwLkkt, kku kkko{uLx {U WLnU us fh k Vkk?
kkk fu Mkhkh rMkkun Mkkkh nkuku nI, E{k{ Lknet. siMku rMkkun Mkkkh {MkkS fu
: - : - : - :
E{k{k Lkn fhku, WMke khn E{k{ ku fe Mkhkhe fhU u e {wLkkrMkk Lkn. rMkkMkk fu
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkiS
nkk NOT
- 151COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO
:

:

:
:
{k{u
{U kku u e
sYhe
Lkn
fu n{khu
rMkkMke
rzMko
{wMk{kLk
ne nkU.
n{khu
Mk{kS
ykih
rMkkMke
feSPRAT
Lkw{kELke
fhLku COPY
fu ru-,WLkSPRAT
fu n: DO
ZwtZLkuNOT
fu ru
yAu
kih {w:M{
{khCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT{MkkE
COPY -
: DO NOT
COPY
- ,SPRAT
DO NOT
ELMkkLk
kuMk, rMkkMke
kzu{kuyMMkh
. kku kku
k n{
u kkk
kunu
Mku ne
:
ezhkLk
: e
nku
: Mkfku
nI

:
k fhU fu rMkkMke ske fku, WLk {MkkE fu n fku, ykLku rMkkMke ykih rkh kih eLke, kkk
eLke (supra-religious) {MkkE fu n fku n{ {nke htk Mku Lkn uUku kfu XeX Mk{kS
: - : - : - :
ytk Mku [Uku fu fkiLkMkk Mk n{khu ru, n{khu Mk{kS, rMkkMke {MkkE fu ru, n{khu
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DO NOT
- niSPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
EkuNOT
MkkeCOPY
{MkkE
fu ru :Mkne
n ZwCOPY
tZ Mkfkk
, Mkhfkh
ykiNOT
h {wy
khu -kh
{wMkk :yMkh
ykihCOPY
:
:

:
ni
:fku
kk
zkMkfkkni,Mkhfkhe
kku
eMkeMkfku n{khu
nf {U
{kuz Mkfkk
, hkuykB{k
n{khu
ru
SPRAT : DO
NOTfhk
COPY
- niSPRAT
n{kh
Mkfkk
.
rMkrMku
k hU
fu fhLk
k
rh~k
MkkkLke,
fkuBwLkke{
: EMk
{: U
-
:
k
: rVhfkkhek

Mku fwNOT
A f{
Lkn-
kfu
WMfu: fheke
feLk
fhx
k :hke
rkfkW
nkuku-
nI.SPRAT
WLfk ykLkk
fkuECOPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPYni-.
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
: DO NOT
{nk Lkn nkukk. WLnU fkuE e, fe e he fh WLMku fwA e fk{ u Mkfkk ni. k EMk
rMkrMku{U ykku fwA ykih kkkU ku fe Uke. WLk rhkexe WLk rhkLkeLk WLk Mk[kEkUfe
hkuLke {U, WLk {VYkk fe kwrLkk kh n{ yuf kLkkh {wykhu fe E{khk kk{eh fhLku fk
:
:h:)
- : - :
{tMkw
kk kLkk
MkfkunI
. (u
NOTMkuCOPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY -e
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
y{
ske- kLkke
ni skk
e snk{
kfe ykLkerVkhk{u
t Lk Lkwh
e ni, LkLkkhe ni :
: - : u
:
: - : - : - :
ykLku rkkk fu EMk {kuz ku n{khk Vo kLkkk ni fu n{ ykkfe rnB{k ykih EMkfk fe
k U fu ykkLku n{U ELku MkVnkk kf kko~k rfk. yk kf n{ Lku yk{ kkih kh ykLke nkk
fk Mk[k k rk ykih WMfu kk WLk swnkk fk ksek rfk rsLk fe rkLkk ku n{ EMk
:
-
: rMkrMku

: z
nkk
fku knkU
[u.
rVhwY: nw
yk MkVh
kMknen
fk.EMk
{U kunu n{
Lku rft
eLk
k ku
O
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOfkNOT
SPRAT
k NOT
f. ELk
{VYkk
assumptions
fk kkk
[k rsLk
{kLkCOPY
uLkk-
sYhe
kk,: DO
{uNOT
ykihCOPY
{kuy
MMkh rnf{kuy{e
u ru
. ykihyk n{ku:
fhLku
hnunI ELky{e
fku
:
:
: Efk{kk

rsLk
fu
Mknkhu
,
SLk
fe
kku
k
n{
yu
f
Mkw
knu
Lk
fku
w
yk{e
fhLku
fu
{ku
V
{U
nkU
ku
.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
152: DO
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
NOTEfk{kk
COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
kkk [knY{
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
y{e Efk{kk
: - : - : - :
ACTION
PLAN
: - :
-
: - :
{kunkh{ fkhELk, n{ ykLku EMk yn{ ykih ke MkVh fu ykhe ykih yn{ kheLk
kzk
: kh
nI. snkt
n{Lku
ykLku
kLkkh
{ke
fe ku
t kkk
f, n
ykLku
nkfefze
nfefkkU
SPRAT
DO h
NOT
COPYrk
- yki
SPRAT
: DO
COPY fk
- ksrk
SPRAT : rfk.
DO NOT
SPRAT
fk :kkki
k
h rVh
WLfuNOT
yMkkk
ykihCOPY
yk- n{
kikh :nIDOXkuNOT
Mk COPY
fu {LMkw
ku, :ykLkk
LkkLk kikhfhLku
fu ru
. Mkk
Mku kunk
y{e
: Efk{kk

yu
y{e
: f{
kku : n{
u WXkyu
t fu-
snkt
n{ :ykLke
fze
nfefkkU
Mku hku
LkkMkNOT
nkU COPY
n rLkhk,
Lkk WB{e,
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
frustrate
Lk
nku
U
,
rnB{k
Lk
nkh
ki
X
U
.
kk
yVMkhk
k
kMk{w
ko
Lk
nku
U
,
kw
Lk
U
,
: - : - : - :
uU, nMkeLk ykih wkMkwhk Mkwkn fu kk. kzk Mkku[U. n{khu kk n{khe rfM{k fe rMkBk fk
kiwLk fh Mkfku nit. u n{U nkuMkk uku nI. kku Lk rMkVo kk uU kfu {kLkUfu kfE n{ ykh
: - : - : - :
fkur fhU kku ykLkk kuk nwyk {wfk{, fkh, Esk ykih ykkY nkrMk kku fh ne Mkfku nI,
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPYMkfku
- SPRAT
kfu
WMfku
kZke
nI.(uh:)
: - : kku
kheke
:
yk kzk
ni k{u
Mku Mkkku
fk- :
ku
u
Lkh
ni
hku
i
L
kfu
Mkw
kn
kLk
nw
L
kw
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTCOPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ELk Efk{kk
{t
e wt e
yn{
ni fu: WMfe
rLkk
Mkku[ kh
ke, Lk
fu
:
{U
:nku

kw
nku
:
skkk kh. ykih Mkku[Lkk, Mk{Lkk, kkihkurV fhLkk... ne kku nhku ELMkkLkfe kun[kLk ni. hk
kkih feSu : [ekk n{Mku ku kuzkk ni, uhku rke n{ Mku kunkh uku nI kkkihu kMk hkkkU {U,
: - : - : - :
fwkk n{ Mku kunkh MkwLkk ykih Mkwtkk ni, nkke n{ Mku kunkh Zkukk ni. kku ykh n{ rfMke e
SPRAT
: DO
NOTyV
COPY - nI
kku
SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
khn
WLkh
{n: DO
EMkNOT
ruCOPY
fu n{-
WLkSPRAT
Mkk Mku: DO
kunNOT
kh Mkku
[ Mkfku
nI. urfLk
yk
ykh
: n{
kku: n{
k
: ku

: yki
Mkku[U ne Lkn
nwyu? yt
u u
hku rke,
nhu fwku, f{ku
h nkke...
h
Lkn: DO
kku NOT
k?COPY
kku ykEu
yks: DO
n{ NOT
ykLke
yfu-e SPRAT
rMkVk :fkuDOrVhMku
n{ yhVw
COPY
SPRAT
- SPRAT
COPY
NOT k
COPYfhU
- . SPRAT
: DO NOT
{w
f
kk
EMk
ru
nI
fu
n{
yfu
Mke{
Mku
{w
Lk
nI
,
nkLkk
Mku
i
M
k
nI
.
n{
EMk
yLkku
u
yki
h
: - : - : - :
fkrkuf nrkkh fk EMku{k knwMLkuwke fhU. ykih nkt, ske fu knkuk Mku {k{kk {U
yAkE {n fku{Lk MkuLMk fk wMkhk Lkk{ nkuke ni. kLke y{t kuk f{kuku yuf siMkk ne
: - : - : - :
hik Ergkh fhUku, kn ku rfMke e {wf {Mf fu nkU.
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYnw-yu hk
SPRAT
: DO{k
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
n{COPY
ykkfu-
Mkk{Lku
u kkLk
ku fhku
Mkk e
Lkn nI- fun{
rVfko:DO
khMke
fh
:
- : fh
Mk{Lk
:

:
hnu
nI, communalism
hnu
nI. {wMk{kLk {w
fe
r{k
fhu kku
Lk rMkVo
u fu
u
r{e
ni kfu- n{SPRAT
u {kLkku
fu n{COPY
{wf -fee
r{k
hnuCOPY
nI. u n{khk
fki{e: Vhek
SPRAT
: DOVhek
NOT COPY
: DOnINOT
SPRAT
: DOfh
NOT
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
153COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO -NOT
:
- ni.
:
:
k
:
ni. {w
fe Vhek
nationalistic
duty
e niun{khe.
nkt,
EMk{uu rVfko
khek
kykMMkw
k Lk
nku, NOT
n{ rnLw
y-kut,kSPRAT
rfMke yki
h fuNOT
rkV
fh :hnu
, {wNOT
Mk{kLk
ykku kZu
{wfCOPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
: DO
COPYfk{
- Lkn
SPRAT
DO
COPYykh
- SPRAT
: DOkkuNOT
fk k
nkukk.rnLw
kutfk
k ne nkukk.kku
rMxfhU,
nkt:e
fhU
ykLku
:
ne
:y
: ykEu

kkyuy{ fe. (iMku ykkLku Lkkux rfk nkukk fu snkt n{Lku ykLke fkukknekt rkLkk#, kukh
{kokk n{Lku ke e ku fh kMkne furu. ykih EMk khn n{khk fk{ rLkMkkLk ykMkkLk
: - : - : - :
nku kk.) n{ ykLku {LkMkwku fku suo su kkt[ w{hyuy{ {U, kukkU{U kktx hnu nI.
:
knVVw
:
- : - :
kunk:
{U EkVk

: DO NOTThreat
COPY - and
SPRAT
Managing
Insecurity
wMkhk: kw: h
kk fku
wh fhLkk
:
- : - :
Removing
: DO NOTPoverty
keMkhk:
snkk fku wh fhLkk ykih kke{ fk Vhkuk
: - : - : - :
Improving Literacy, Education

[kukk:
kukyu Mkunk{U y{e Efk{kk
: - Overcoming
: Promoting
:
- :
Sickness,
Health
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO{MkkE
COPY
kkt[-k:t
rs{Lke
Miscellaneous
Issues
: - : : - :
rnf{ku y{e - kukyu y
: - : - : - :
knVVwku MkwfqLk
Security
:
- : - : - :
yks kwhe WB{ku {kunB{ek kk Mkkhe wrLkk{U snkt ku yfek{U nI

y{knVVw insecurity fk rfkh ni. WMfku khn khn fu khu knf nI. kfu nkt e snkt ku
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPYnI.-
DO
NOT COPY.-k
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
COPY
MSPRAT
: DO
NOTt fuCOPY
yfMkhek{U
siMSPRAT
ku Ehkf: {U
, kkrfMkkLk{U
yk kk
fu yk
n{- yi
ku Efk{
WXkyu
:
Mku
S
:MkfU
zh fu
ku
nkuMku
.(u
h:) - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO{INOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
Lku k{
Mknu -rfkLku
, yk: rkMkkk
Wx
wtkk- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ku {uhe Lkkr
u {uhk
Ehkkni. :
: - :
ke,
:
: - : - : - :
EMk y{knVVw Mku w n{khu {wf rnLwMkkLk fu yth skn skn yfeke
{kunu kLk hnu nI, ghettoization nku hnk ni. {wMk{kLk Ekfu ykih rnLw Ekfu kLkku
hnu nI. kLku ye fu yth kkuk Mkhnu [e hne nI. u snkt {wMk{kLkkUfu ru LkwfMkkLkn
:
:
-sL{

: e
ni. (kU
fu EMk MkukkkehekZu
ke, kE
Uku :yki
h n{khu
ke[
khe
kMkt
fu YsnkLkkk
SPRAT : DO
NOTku
COPY
: DOrnLw
NOTyCOPY
- e
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DOkLkkLkk,
NOT COPY
fku k
kk)-
kku SPRAT
wMkhe khV
kutfu eu
knku:k DO
LkwMkkLkn
ni u-. WLnU
rLkkLkk
xkku
ox fhLkk,
xuhkuhkE
hkMkt
kUfu eu rLkMkkLk
ykMkkLk
nku u
kk.ykh
nkuLku
:
fhLkk
:
yfek
:
fe
sn
Mku
n{U
u
khk
kkk
hu
n
kk
ni
kku
kske
ni
.
ykh
yfMkhek
EMk
sn
Mku
ykLke
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
154: DO
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
Akke
: Xku
:
z
:
fke nifu n{Lku{wMk{kLkkU

fku kexk
kku fkiLkMke :kze
kkk
fe?80 fhku
rnLw
{e fh
ykh
fhU
fu 15- fhkuSPRAT
z {wMk{kLkkU
fku wCOPY
fkLk-
knkUSPRAT
[kUku: kku
kzk
keh -{khk?
ykih: krnh
SPRAT
: DOk
NOT
COPY
: DO NOT
DOk
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
fu yiM
kk n{U
k nku
Lkn
yki
h yiMkkni eLkn.
khk
kwshkk
kkuzune ni: ?
ykih
Lk
ni
:
Mkfkk.
:
Mkkhk
:
nh kwshkke LkhuL {kue ni. S nkt! u kkk n{ kwshkk{U hunku nwyu fun hnu nI. ykih EMfe n{U
Mke r{ Mkfke ni. {kh EMke kwshkk{U snkt LkhuL {kue ni, r kkukzek ni, n rkhe
: - : - : - :
kxu e nI, {fk MkkhkkE e nI, ekLk ykuk ykih [wLke i e nI, {wfw rMkLnk ykih
SPRAT
: DOuNOT
NOT{UCOPY
SPRAT :Lkn,
DO NOT
SPRATnkt
: DO
NOT COPY
kkLk
Xe eCOPY
nI. kku-
kwSPRAT
shkke: fuDO
nkLku
n{U [t- kt fkknk
urfLkCOPY
nkt {w- Mk{kLk
yk
e
:
k
:
:n{u
fwA
fwA MkufLz kuzun:he
kku kLk
ne kyu nI. VMxo
uz kLkLku
fu ru
knuh
nk
t kkfk
SPRAT
: DO fhLke
NOT COPY
nkrMk
nkuke. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
muscle
us
fe
yk
kkfk fu
fE ht:
k Yk nI
. kik fe kkfk,
ku kksw
: ku
:h
-fekkfk,
: Lkku
k :E{fe
kkfk,
ykih: DO
EkuNOT
nkfeCOPY
kkfk.- knVVw
fu: DO
rMkrMku
{U nwf-w{k SPRAT
state power
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPYalliance
- SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
: DO NOT COPY
k governance fe kkfk kze fk{ ykke nI. Lkn n{ rMkVo yux kkuerxMk k rMkkMkkne
: - : - : - :
fe khV Ekhk Lkn fh hnu kfu whkuue kLke yVMkhkne ykih ELkur{k
administration, law and order fe khV e Ekhk fh hnu nI fu {wMk{kLkkutfku fMkeh kkk{U
{w
:
- : kLkLkk

:
kLkLkk
-
.: yek

administrator
[kneu
. IAS,
IPS
Officers
[kneu
Lk{eLk
SPRAT
: DO NOT
DO NOT
- kkk{U
SPRAT :hef
DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
judiciary
{U COPY
r{ex-e
ykiSPRAT
h kuhk :r{ex
e VkuCOPY
Mko{U kze
nkuLkkCOPY
[kneu-
. yAu
sLkko
rMx
MknkVe
kLkLkk
[kneu
. ur:fLk
r{Lksw
{kkkih kh
Mkne,
Mk[e
ykih uhkk kkfk
rMkkMke
k
:

:
n{U
:
rMkBk
Mku
Lkn,
Mk{kS
rMkBk
Mku
r{u
ke.
ku
rMkkMkk
fu
keAu
kku
kki
h
Mk{kS
yki
h
Eku
M
kke
khe fu eLku k fhku [u ku nI. ykih rMkkMke kkxkt w WLfu keAu kfke nI, kiMkk ykih
: - : - : - :
r{zek u ni WLfu nkt.
n{ kwshkk ne fe r{Mkk rVh Mku U. nkt fe ykkke {U fhekLk Mk rVMk {wMk{kLk
nI
:

:
fku
:E
si:Lk
, kLke fhekLk
k[kMk
k.
WLfk
MkrVMk kLke
kkt[
kkuk nkt
{snk
SPRAT
: DOku
NOTnICOPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
NOT COPY
{kLkLku
. urfLk- nkt
fu kfhekLk
nhCOPY
fkhku-kkh kh,
nh: yAu
rkeLku
Mk{U- ,nhSPRAT
yAu: DO
Ekfu
siLke
kEAkyu nwy
u nI. nkt
fk
Mkk Mkukk[Lku
ykkh
kwshkk
Mk{k[kh
WLn
kh
:
:
kk
:

:
fk
ni
.
(i
M
ku
kku
khkfk
Mkk
Mku
kk
rkfLku
kk
yt
k
u
S
ykkh
xkEBMk
yku
V
ELzk
e
ni!) yki
h si
Lk
ykkke
{wM{
ykkke
fk
yuf :Aku
xk Mkk
rnMMkk
ni. ykkfku
nku
kk
WLn
: fk
:
-
E{
:
ne fu siLk {nk rnLw {nk fu rkV yunkus fu kkih kh kLkk kk. {wMk{kLk siMku knkE
{nk Mku EgukV hku nI rnLwykut fku iMku siLkkUfu Mkkk kih nkuLkk [kneu kk, ykih feLkLk ku
: - : - : - :
ku ni e. rVh e ueu fu rfMk khn siLk kwshkk kh Aku nwyu nI.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO Mkhfkh
NOT COPY
: DOMkhfkhkU
NOT COPY
- kzu
SPRAT
rkAu
fwA-
MkkkU
{U khk
(ykih-
fwASPRAT
rhkMkke
)Lku fwA
W{k: DO
fkLkwNOT
Lk COPY
LkkrV
: rfu
: kki
-{k

: nku
: fw
nI.n{U {wLks{
h Mku
WMfk EMku
fhLkk
kk.
ykhn{ {UMku
rMkVo
A ELkk
e: DO
fhUNOT
fu yk{w
fku WLk :fkLkeLk
knuk - r{u
nwfwf :MkuDOykkkn
fhut -kkue
fki{:feDOkze
SPRAT
COPY-kkMk
SPRAT
DO NOTfuCOPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
r{k
nku
ke.
fw
A
fkLkw
L
k
su
o
u
nI
.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
- 155COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: k: National

-Employment
: Guarantee
-
:
NREGA
Rural
Scheme
kLke
fki{e
un-e
hkuSPRAT
kkh {kLkk
Mfe{
rsMfu
k un:e DO
EkfkU
U Mkk{U-
fwASPRAT
eLk {w: DO
kuNOT
{kfeCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: DO NOT
COPY
- knu
SPRAT
NOT{COPY
{kLkk
Mkhfkh
uke
ni. - : - :
:
:
RTI-
k SPRAT
Right :to
Act
kLke :fkLkw
ku nfu COPY
Lkfkhe.
k ykkfku
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
DOInformation
NOT COPY -
SPRAT
DOLNOT
- rsMfu
SPRATknu
: DO
NOT COPY
rfMke e Mkhfkhe, Lke{ Mkhfkhe ykih rkh yiMku EkhkUfe rsLnU Mkhfkh Mku kiMkk
r{kk nku, WLfu fk{ fks {krk kihk fu kkhu {U f{kuku nh kkk LkLku fk nf
nkrMk ni. Zuh Mkkhu rkAzu kuk EMk fkLkwLk fk Vkk ufh ykLke kwhkLke rfkkk
: hnu
:
:
:kykk
h
wh fhk
nI. knku
k ne
{k{we[o
kh Zuh
Mkkheyn{ Eku
kiX
u
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DOh NOT
-
: DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
nkrMk
fhLkufe :yki
k kuCOPY
nkhMkw
hkSPRAT
nku Mkfkeke,
k?
EMfu- sheu
ykk
khVkhe
k Discrimination
fk kko
eVk
Mkfku
nI. yki
h EMk
khn
: :
fh
:

: LkkELMkkVe
fu
rkV
ze
Mkfku
nI
.
(k
n{
yi
M
ku
rfMke
fkLkw
L
k
fk
rfMke
yhk
{w
f
{U
heCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : kMkw
DO NOT
fh Mkfku nI?)
: - : - : - :
RTE k Right to Education kLke fkLkwLku nfu kke{. EMfu knuk A Mku [kik Mkk
fu k{k{ k[kU fu ru {w^k ykih k{e kke{ fk yunku{k{, khek k[kU fu ru
: - : - : - :
k[eMk rVMk fk rhuoLk, siMku nwfwf {wnik rfu kyu nI.
: - : - : - :
nku: {t
e - : - :
: rMkkMke
-
siMkk fu- kuSPRAT

kh yo
ni,-
s{nw
hek: DO
{U rMkkMkk
n{khk
{kuyMMkh
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: DOrfk
NOTkk
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOnrkkh
NOT COPY
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: - : - : - :
k kZe Lk hLku kkU fku kZe hkU, k hLku kkU fku {e tke fhkut. kfu kkekMku
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kk ni
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
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: - : - : - :
k Lkn kkk. kkih feSu fu rnLwMkk ykih kkrfMkkLk fu kkwfkk fe fe {neLku h{ut
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kkek fhLkk nkuke. yu{.ykh. kLkLkk nkukk, kLke {wM{ hetxuxe. fkr{kk Lkw{kELke
: - : - : - :
k kkek fu eu, {urzf hetxurx ne fe khn n{U ykLke kuzx Mku ykLke ftkLke Mku, ykLku
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:

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ykih wMkhe rfkkk rsMk fku yuz{eh rLkw kkLku ku rfk kk, WMke khn {w kunheh ni.
: - : - : - :
ykih EMk khn fe fE rfkkkU kkh Mku, yuLk.yu[.ykh.Mke. Mku fkuzefu k r{ ke ni. kMk n{U
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: - : - : - :
kkih Mku kk ru ku nI.
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: - : - : - :
EMku{k fhLkk [kneu. kUfu yuf {wfk{e ykkh{U yuf yAe Mxkuhe n{khu kkwf Mku Akke ni
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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kku
:
:
:
- Ekfu
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kkuk
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: - : - : - :
nwfw{k fe kkhkne kihk, issues, problems, human interest stories, resolutions
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: merchants
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: - : - : - :
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:
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: - : - : - :
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communication network kku kikh nkuukk.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - y{e
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: - : - :
Economic
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Figure 15 - Kul Kaumi Aamdni Feekas
Kaumi
Feekas
{U
ru kyu
xu
k
ykih: k
kV [t
yuf
: Figure
- 15
- :Kul
Aamdni
-
:
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MkkkLkk
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fMk fu- rnMkkk
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NOT COPY
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DO NOTnI.COPY
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kkV fk EkVke {n EMk Vfo fku Lkw{kkt fhLku fu ru rfk kk ni.
yks fki{e Mkkun kh e Wockhard, Sopariwala, Akbarally, Cipla, Wipro,
: - : - : - :
:
Shehnaz,
:
-
: Allana,
- Patel
: Roadways

Mid-Day,
Zodiac,
Himalayas,
Lokhandwala,
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
162
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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kush k
k :yu
fkWLxLx
e nku
. n{
{U yu: DO
f ykkMke
kz -kE
ni Mkurk
exes
fku,COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- xe[h
SPRAT
DO
NOT COPY
-
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
{nw
h
ku
kkU
f
ku
nh
skn
Xw
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kLku
f
e,
fu
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k
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fu
xh
hu
n
[w
f
u nI
: - : - : - :
ykih rhxkzo sLkh {uLkush nI. EMk ru yk [knu Mfw nku k yMkkk WMfu kkuzo ykuV kLkoMko
kh WLfk kfhwoh ks{e ni. [wLkkt[u n{ {U u rkLku [wLku kZu ru kuk nI ku kf k fE fE
: - : - : - :
kkuzes ku, fE fE ktS{kU kh rkhks{kLk nI. Lk ku WLkk k u kkku nI, Lk W{U ku MkknekU nI
SPRAT : DO
NOTkhn
COPY
SPRAT
: DOMkfU
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT{UCOPY
-
DO NOT
fu nh
fu -fk{
fku [k
. yki
h u - kke
kuL:kkuDO
rMkBk
Mku nku
ke SPRAT
ni. Lk :WLnU
WLkeCOPY
:
:

: ELke
rsB{u
.
rsB{u
khekt
fwkq

fhLke
[kneU
Lk fki{fku WLfu
rMkh
khekt
kku
kLke :[kneU
n{khu
kkkyku
Mk[e-
Mkkk
ni fu COPY
ku {k
U urfLk
nkCOPY
Lk U.- kfu
kkkk
MkuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOTtfeCOPY
SPRATEMk{U
: DO NOT
- kkuSPRAT
: DOyku
NOT
SPRAT
: DO w
NOT
kf
yki
h
ksw
ku
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f
kh
ku
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rsB{u
khe
Mkku
kU
.
yki
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WLnU
ykke
yki
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EskMku
fk{
fhLku
U.
: - : - : - :
EMk ru
n{khe :hkMk
fu ykk
nh Mkfk
fkrkek,
VhkMkk,
kswkuCOPY
o
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT ni
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO WMk
NOTfeCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
ykih WMk fu kfe Vhkn{e fu rnkMku, ykih w ykLke sYhkkU fu knk kLke kuVu&e, kiwLk
: - : - : - :
fhU. MfwkU ykih fkuuutfu ru {kneheLku kke{, fku-ykuurx MkkuMkkxeMk fu ru kuLfh, nkWMkk
MkkuMkkxe fu ru ykoLk kLkMko, k BwrLkMkek fkukkuohuLkfu yVMkhkLk, ELSLkeh k
:
kke{
: fu
- k
ykeo
:
:
ykfxu
[hykiheLke
ru eLkekk
fu yMkkkk,
{kie,fkhe
ykih
nkrV
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO [w
NOT
SPRAT
: DOfkNOT
fku [wNOT
LkU. yuCOPY
f kkh- n{SPRAT
kzu yi: DO
ku{k,
kze
kVke
fu kk :WLnU
LkU kkuCOPY
rVh -WLnU
fk{ fhLku
{kifCOPY
k
U. WLk
khrLkkhkLke
sYh
hU, u
rfLk
kS Lk:
fhU. WLkfe
kh fwArLk
yiku{k
fhU.
:

:
- yt
hk
:
LkkkEsfu
rLkfLku
{U
k
kkk
ni
.
yki
h
u
ELMkkLk
fk{
fhkk
ni
kku
WMkMku
kkekt
e
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTnkuCOPY
Mkfke nI. fk{ Lk fhLku kk kke Lkn fhukk. rnMkkk sYh U, skk sYh U, urfLk s{nwhe
: - : - : - :
ytks{U, ykih {wLkkrMkk kkih Mku, f{ku k{eku ykkkfu Mkkk, kkfkk fr{xefe r{xkkU{U, Lk fu
VhLk VhLk. Mkzf kh [ku ykk kukkUfk rkhukkLk kfz fh rnMkkk Lkn u Mkfku. EMk khn
:
:ykLke
r{kk

fkuE
Esk
{t
ELMkkLk
ykkfku
ukk :ne
Lkn.- :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
166
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
:
ykk
: n{khu
fhku
yuf ykih hkk

yth u
ni
fu fwA:
kuk yku
nkiMku kku fwkq: Lkn
urfLk
rh{ku-xftxSPRAT
u [kku
EMkCOPY
khn -kuskkne
Mku,NOT
rsB{u
khe -Mkukku
k[ ku
, COPY
SPRAT
: DOkeAu
NOTMkuCOPY
: DOnI.NOT
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
: DO nINOT
rfLk yku
kkurhxe
k Ergkh
EMku
{ksYh fhku
Mkhe khV
f yki
h ke{khe
ni fu
u
u
:
: fk
nI
.: w
yu
:
kuk hkfkhkLkk (kuLxhe) r{kk uku nI ku u Mk{kiXku nI fu [wtfu yuke r{kk uku nI,
WMfk kiMkk Lkn uku, EMk ru yk WLkMku fkuE kwA khA Lkn nku Mkfke. WLk Mku kwAkkA Lkn nku
: - : - : - :
Mkfke. WLfu ViMkkU kh Mkkrk rLkkLk Lkn k Mkfkk.n{khe {kikkLkk kwkrh ni fu EMk Mku
SPRAT
DO kku
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DOuNOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- yki
SPRAT
DO NOT
kun: kh
u nku
kk fu-ykk
kLkkn
fh rfMke
kuV-
uLk
fku kkkk
kfhw
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h rVh: Xef
Mku COPY
rnMkkk
:
-
:
r{kk
:
:
ykih skkne
e u
ku. EMk
khnfe yu
ke
uLku ku
tke{wk{U
hyM
SPRAT
COPYnI-.
SPRAT
: DO
NOTLkkynu
COPY- SPRAT
: DO NOT
: DO NOT
kzu: DO
{nUNOT
kune kzku
kLkk
Lk u
Lku kk
k {MkYV
MkCOPY
Mku ku- nkhSPRAT
ku Mk
ni COPY
rsMk
fe
{w
f
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kkMkke
kLkk
fu
k
ykkfku
r{
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khn
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V
u
Lk
: - : - : - :
khefu
MkuNOT
n{ ykLke
fku {ku: DO
yMMkh
h kh -w
h fh
Mkfku: DO
nI. NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
COPY -kheke
SPRAT
NOTkkiCOPY
SPRAT
yiMkk Mk{kS {knku kLkukk kku rVh ktS{U e kLkLku kUke. ELMxexwLk rkzk e
: - : - : - :
nkuke. rVh kkfkk WLkfu fku fkLkwLk kLkku Uku. WLfe kU wUke. EMk khn fkLkwLkfe
kkkMke (Y ykuV kp) ykih Mkunk{t kykS{ kkwLkMku n{khu yth u inh Awku kiXu nI
ku
:
r{kk
:
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ykuy
utku. ykLke
Uku.ykih
rVh(MkeLkSo
kkn{e
kykw
Lkki:
k nkU
ke.
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRATr{U
: DO
: DO
(Efku
LkkurNOT
{f yku
V Mfu- )SPRAT
{Ek: DO
k[kNOT
k COPY
MkkE- fuVku
ku,NOT
kLkeCOPY
n{khu-
f{SPRAT
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h COPY
shku
Mku kunkh ki
kkh
h kun
kh Wshk
ke. ykh
h kykw
Lk yki
h
f{
:
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h
kf
fk
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skk
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kku
kku
kki
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fu
k
k
nku
Mkfkk
ni
.
kzu
Aku
x
u
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g
eV
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kLk Mkfku nI. Xuk kte Mku ufh wrLkMkeoxekU kf, nh kuku{U n{khu ru nkhkU rLkk Lkyu hkMku
: - : - : - :
wku [u Uku.
r{Mkk fu kkih kh, rVk Akuxe Akuxe nkux kkU fu nkt u kLkk k{{U k[ kk
ni
:
kku
: kkko

:

:w
, u kfk nwyk kLkkk

nkukkni. k hkk
nkk{U
ku{U kh{
fhfu
Mkhu eLk
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
: DO
rkk
kkCOPY
ni. k- w
e MkS: DO
ku[NOT
Lku kkU
fu nkt- k{
{U u: MkkS
k[COPY
ke- nit, SPRAT
k kku ku
VUfNOT
Lku COPY
ke
nI k kfhekU
k MkMku
u k
ke nI
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:
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WMk{U
fku
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Mxku
h
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s
fk
yu
n
ku
{
k{
rfk
Mkfkk
, COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DOniNOT
rfhkukhu ku
k ykLkk
Mkk{kLk
h fh
ykihMkunk{t
ytks
{U k[k
rsMk{U
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:
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: Mkfku
nI
:
Mkfku nI, ykih kunkh {wykk f{k Mkfku nI. k EMke khn So ykkMk{U r{ fh fks kxLk
fhLkufe {eLk he Mkfku nI. k ykuxku r{furLkMk yuf kzk kuhus kLkk Mkfku nI. (fku-ykuuxe
: - : - : - :
kuMkeMk)k kkn{e kykwLk fe kwLkek kh kuhus ze fh Mkfku nI. yiMku Zuh Mkkhu Akuxu ki{kLku kh
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
- MkfLku
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
ke
fw[NOT
kU{U [ku
ku
fkhkuNOT
kkhkUCOPY
fe yufyu
f rMx
nhNOT
nuhCOPY
nh kkt
fu ru: yk
yk
: ki
ni. {MkLk
:
:MkMkeMk,

kh fe Mkfke
LkskLk
xueVku
Lkkw:k
[k
Mkfku nI, snktke.ke.
{uM:kuS
VuMkCOPY
ykih- ELxhLku
x MkMkeMk
hk Mkkk
fhkE
NOT
MkfkeCOPY
nI. zrfkt
ykLku: DO
hfe
SPRAT
DOtk,NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOTki
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
[kh
rkhe{U
ki
X
u
ki
X
u
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fE
fkhku
kkh
fh
Mkfke
nI
.
yki
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ykh
kku
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k
knku
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u
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yki
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: - : - : - :
fkuBwxhfk E{e kr{ nku kku ELxhLkux fu shk Mku EMku{k Mku fE ykih fkhkukkh
{w{rfLk nI. kkuk {wLks{ ykih {LMkwkkkt khefu Mku r{sw fh fk{ fhLku Mku khekefk ne
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
167COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO -NOT
:
ni.: u
: WLnkU
Lku
: ke.
kk{k
rfk
Mkfkk
fki{
U yksykku
nit,
fe
yiMku ne
knufenku
ykih
yks
e EMke
kkn{
kykw
Lk NOT
fh hne
nI. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT khn
COPYfk-
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
eVkuLk furs
n{
yo fhU
fu yk{ku
ykih
{kMkkke
k
fkuBw:Lkefu
Lk
shku
: xu : kh
h:^k
{ke khe fu MkwkqLk {kLku ku nI. khek {wM{ kMkekU {U skn skn {S xueVkuLk kwk k
fkuE ke.ke. MkMk fe Mknwk hfkh ni. yks kku {kukkE VkuLk fu sheu e yAu kMku fkhkukkh
: - : - : - :
[ku Mkfku nI. u kkeLkfu ru e yk{Lke fk shek kLk Mkfkk ni. ykih kukkU fu ru
SPRAT : DO
- SPRATk[
: DOku
NOT
xSPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
knkuNOT
k kzeCOPY
Mknw- kniSPRAT
. EMkMku: DO
WLkfuNOT
knkuCOPY
k Mku yhkk
nI.COPY
Akuxk -Aku
k {yke
ELfkk
:
: Mkfkk

-
:
huzeku
:
ke
fw[kU{U Lk{wkhnku
ni. ykkhku
hMkkE,
nkso
Lko, fkuBwrLkxe
, khu
Mk
SPRAT : DO
NOT{COPY
hSPRAT
: DO
COPYyhkfeLkfku
- SPRATkkkh
: DO NOT
zSPRAT
: DOniNOT
yuMk.yu
.yuMk. -ki
k fu EMku
{kNOT
Mku ykLku
hkCOPY
ykih-u
k Mkfkk
. COPY
Eku
kykk
yki
h
Lkfkhe
fu
yki
h
e
fE
MkMku
yki
h
{ku
y
MMkh
khefu
{ki
s
w
nI
.
Mu
x fu
: - : - : - :
fkhkt
zo Mkeu
uf: DO
kkuzNOT
o nkukuCOPY
nI, u- yk{e
sknkU
e rkhkU
kh kLkk
euNOT
kuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOTkkuCOPY
- Mkku
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO kh
NOTwCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO
nI. ykih rVh kuk rkfw {w^k ykLku E~kunkhkk (siMku {wkrs{fe sYhk ni, ku[Lkk ni,
: - : - : - :
heLkk ni) [kuf fu xwfzu Mku, kLke nwE r{kLk kh r uku nI. Mkkk{U WLfk VkuLk Lktkhe nkukk ni.
ykih wt VhefeLk{U ykkMk{U khknu hkMk kkwf kik nku kk ni. ukMkkExMku WMfu rzkELk
:
zkWLkku
z fh
MkfUkE{u
Mku n{Mku
{tkkU. : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
NOTEkfu
COPY{-U
NOTkMke
COPYni-,
: DO kk
NOT COPY
yun{kkk
fu yu:fDO
Lkkne
yufSPRAT
khek: DO
{wM{
[tzSPRAT
kuk. WMk{U
kh
rknkh,ktkk yki
h :w
.ke. fu
kuk yk
kMkunI
. i M:ke
ne khek
h fkLkw
Lke
kMke
siMke yfMkh
:
ki :
u
n
hkU
{
U
ykkLku
yki
h
n{Lku
u
e
ni
.
WMk{U
Mku
ku
kh
{fkLkkU
{
U
ki
kw
k
nI
ne
Lkn.
Lkkt[COPY
u
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO [w
NOT
{wM{ kkeLke {kuOfe khn kknh sYhkkUMku Vkrhk nkuke nI. kkt fe kkk kku ykih ni nkt kku
: - : - : - :
AwkLku fe e skn Lkn. EMk khnfe khek kMkekU{U, kUkzekU{U, Eku{kE kikwk,
yk{e nB{k{ kLku, Mkw ki[kfu wkwk kh zu rfu Mkfku nI.
: {w
: fu

:
n
:
kfkohee
sheu
{kMkMkk hek
Mkfkk
ni. fku-ykuuxe
Mkku
kh nkWMkk
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOsz
NOT
COPY
SPRATykk,
: DO NOT
MkkuMNOT
kkxe{U
fhfu
ku ku[:kDO
Mkfkk
ni. ykh
u YsnkLk
kfz
u, -un{khe
kfuCOPY
rVkhk
kLku
kku
rVh
[eu
fu {wM{
kUkzekU
yAe
khn kk{ehfeu
nwy
u [kh {t
Sk
:
:Mkku
f:ku
:
ykh.Mke.Mke.fu
yu
kkxo
{
u
L
xMk{U
kk
Mkfkk
ni
.
Lku
ku
rLk
fk
ykyu
kk.n{khe
ykLke
ske
{U Lku
fkyiMkk {w{
kk fu
{wM{
kU
krzkt
Mkwkhu
yukkxo
{uLx, {wL
ks{
fkukuL
kekU{
U
:
rfLk
: nku
MkkV
:
:
k Uke. {kh yiMkk nkuLkk yiLk {w{rfLk ni. wrLkk{U fE skn yiMkk nwyk ni.ykrfk fu fE
{wfkU{U u kk uk Mkfkk ni. WMkfu ru Mkkhe MknwkU {kisw nI, nwfw{k fe khV Mku,
: - : - : - :
{wykhu fe khVMku, rnLw fki{fe khVMku. WMfu ru MkkE Mkkk nku Mkfku nI. ykh fkuE
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
- feSPRAT
DO yT
NOT{COPY
- n{U
SPRAT
: DOMkuNOT
f{eNOT
ni kkuCOPY
ku ni- EMk
ytks: DO
fe, NOT
EMk COPY
yunMkkMk
ykih :EMk
fe ku nkt
kheke
, EMkCOPY
:
Wkh
-WXLkk
ni. :yki
:
: Eku
ktkeMku
h Mku
whkhefu Mku
ykku
kZLkk
ni. ykih u fuE{kLkhe,
nk,
kykw
Lku kkn{e
{unLkk: DO
fu kki
h uCOPY
Lkk{w{
rfLkSPRAT
ni. : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY -yki
hSPRAT
NOT
-
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
168
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
: rnf{ku

:
y{e
- ki
kkyu Mkki
{ - : - :
kke{e ELfkk
: Educational
-
: - : - :
Revolution
n{khu
yuLk
kLk
fk ykk
ni u: fw
ykoLk
fu Lkww
fu kunkkk.
Mku
:

:
kzk
-ne

: kke{

{w:kkf.
n{khe
nh: DO
khnNOT
fe rsnkk
rkV: DO
yufNOT
{kwoCOPY
k, {wLks{
rsnk
he
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPYrsnkk,
- SPRAT
COPY - fuSPRAT
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
fhLkk ni. ykih E{ fe kik fu sheu ekh khn fe kikU nkrMk fh kkLkk ni. yk{k
EkkLku Vh{kk kk.(uh:)
kkoyu snu WXk ykLke we Mku kkrV
: - : ykLke
kkuek w
kEfku:
Lkw{kkt
fhu.- :
: - : - : - :
ykh
rfMkeyki
u kkk
fne kE
ke kk
e yks
ku :kkw
ke
:
hrsBLk{U
: e
nku
:
-un{
nku
ni.: n{khe
{wy
khke
fu hku
kke{
nY{e
f{ f{
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- ske
SPRATrkhLku
: DO NOT
COPYni-.
SPRATMku: {u
DO
NOTn{khu
COPYru
- SPRAT
: DOkh
NOT COPY
Lkyu {MkkE kik fh hne ni. ykEu fwA yfk{ EMk rMkMkeu{U WXkyut.
y kheLk : W{ww{e kke{ rsMk{U yk{ fku f{ Mku f{ kZLkk rLkk, hLkkwh
kZLkk rLkk yku, kLke {wfk{e skkLk{U fk{ [kW MkkMko r{ u ykih kwrLkke rhkS
: - : - : - :
yku. ELke kke{ nh {wMk{kLk ykihkku {o fku r{Lke [kneu. kfu WLnU uLke [kneu.
SPRAT
NOT
COPY - Lkk{fe
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
COPYfhU
- . SPRAT
Mu:xDO
fe yu
f kke{
yuf: fkr
he
ni. WMfe
kVMke: DO
ykk
nkrMk
EMk {U :nkuDO
kk NOT
u COPY
ni
:
- {
:
k
:{ku
ku
:
fu {wn
kU, kMkkU
U keMk,
k[eMk
ykihkkU, k[kU
O fu ku
[eMkkwk kLkku
nI. yki
h
n
fu
yu
f
{w
f
k{e
kZu
ru
Mk
fku
.
W{w
{
Lk
zfe
k
kkw
L
k
fku
.
rsMkLku
M
k
kkhn
kf
kZ
hk nku
WMfku
kk
ni. kku
e Mke
uLkk e
WLnu
t e ke
[kxo
Mk
e
:
xe[h
: kLkk
rk
z
: x
ni. :fwA
ykih uf kkuzo ykih rMkukMk fe rfkkk e ru ku nI. ykih rVh u knuLk kE, rsLnkULku ske
h yuf nwVo fe Lkn kZk kk. hkukLkk rMkVo zuZ txu kZ fh Vfk keLk [kh {rnLkkU{U rkMkhe
: - : - : - :
s{kk kf fe kke{ E{uLkkLk Mku nkrMk fMk Mkfku nI. yiMku fkuE Mk nkh kuk Mux fu {wgeV
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
kke{
SPRAT nkrMk
: DO NOT
{hkrf
Mku EMk
n -kf
fh COPY
[wfu nI.- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:

:k{

h:
. : yt
yfu
u n{ ne
Lkn
ykih Lku
rfkLku
yki
yuLk.S.yku
yiMke r{kk
{
u
hnu: nI
. kfu
Lk.S.yku
. fe k: DO
sYhk
. ykk-ykLke
ke: DO
fw[kuNOT
{U wCOPY
wY fh
nI :uDO
fk{.
SPRAT
DO
NOTyu
COPY
- SPRAT
NOTniCOPY
SPRAT
- Mkfku
SPRAT
NOT COPY
ykh
ykk
w
{w
kr{u
ku
k
nI
,
rLk
h
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fk{
fhku
nkU
kku
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yu
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t
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ku
t
x
k
kZk
: - : - : - :
rk fhU. ykkfe ynuek kZe re nI kku ku rLk{U kZkk fh Mkfke nI yzkuMk kzkuMk fe ykihkkU
fku, LkLnu k[kU fku. ykEu n{ {wrn kLkU. ykih rsnkk fu rkV u rsnk wY fhU. {wfk{e
: - : - : - :
kkLk fu ykk kkuze Mke kwrLkke rhke e [kneu kkfu ku ykLku fkhkukkh fk rnMkkk rfkkk
SPRAT
DO. NOT
DOMkfu
NOT
COPYMku-
SPRAT
: DO. NOT COPY
fh: MkfU
rk COPY
kku kLkk- MkfUSPRAT
. ykih:nku
kku COPY
rnLe -kytSPRAT
kuS {U: DO
Mku yuNOT
f skkLk
krfV
nku U
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
{foCOPY
u Eku- kykk
SPRAT : DO NOT
rVh ehu ehu Akuxu Akuxu fwkwkkLku, kEkuhekt kku kU snkt ykkhku hMkkE ykLku
kut. k kkt[ Mk kwhkLku, MkMku fkuBwxh (P 3)fku yuf Akuxu Mku uLk fu sheu uz fh yuf LkLne Mke
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
169COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO -NOT
:
fuV
: u

:
:Mkg
{w^k
ukk MkkEkh
ze fh
U. (nkt EMfu
kk
EMku{
k fkuhkufLku fu
ru
rLkkhkLke
hLke
nkuCOPY
ke. rsMfu
yAu
^xu- he
{kis:wDO
nI.)NOT
kzeCOPY
ykMkkLkeMku
ykih rfMke
fk{eCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- ru
SPRAT
: DOkMku
NOTMkkuCOPY
SPRAT
- SPRAT
: DO{w
NOT
50000
yu
Mkkxo
fe
kw
h
w
q
M
k
{Mku
Mk
fku
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w
x
h
fe
yu
f
fu
V
u
,
rfhkk
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^
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nk
{U
{n
: - : - : - :
YkU{U ze fe Mkfke ni. nkt Mkk ykLke E{u kZ kkUku. fkhkukkhe k kke{e kunfef
{whkMkuk fh kkUku. yuf f{ ykku kZ fu, EMku {fou Ekukykk k (Mkkur ELVku{uoLk
: - : - : - :
MkuLxh) e kLkk MkfUku snkt rfMke e khek fku rfMke e kke{e, {yke, k ykih rfMke Mk{kS
SPRAT : DO
COPYLkfkhe
- SPRAT
-
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO
NOTfuCOPY
kuNOT
kufu kkkk
{wni: DO
k nkuNOT
Mkfu.COPY
siMku yu
f kku
eku :MkuDO{wNOT
kkMMkuCOPY
hk LkLnu- k[u
fe {kt
ykfh
:
fueu
:
kU: {ki
:
kwA
ke nI fu{uhu k[u
EMk
wrLkk{U
kMknw
sw
nI? kku{fo
fk
{w kS{
Vkih
Lk Lkux
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- kkSPRAT
NOT{fo
COPY
-
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
kh NOT
ZwtZ fh
kkku
fu Vkt: DO
Mfe{
e yki
h SPRAT
rhkMkke: DO
Mkhfkh
feMk khV
Mku ykih: DO
VktNOT
VktCOPY
yu
L
k.S.yku
.
fe
khV
Mku
{ki
s
w
ni
.
[knu
kku
nfe
Mke
VeMk
kh
WMfk
Vku
{
o
e
zkWLkku
z
fhfu
rLx
: - : - : - :
fhfuNOT
rkCOPY
u, -kfu
hk e
uNOT
ykihCOPY
WMk khn
yuf {kt: DO
fu kzkku
nkk: fku
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
NOT skkyu
COPY - {ku
SPRAT
DOk[u
NOTfuCOPY
ru XkuMk Eks ykih w fVee {U k rk . {fo kh kkhe kkhe n{khu kZu ru
: - : - : - :
LkskLk zfu zrfkt hkfkhkLkk r{kk e yt{ u Mkfutku. WMkMku WLfu yth ezhrk fe
xuLkk e kLkkuke. yk krnh ni fu fn e WMfk kk EMku{k e nku Mkfkk ni. siMku rfMkeLku
:
:kMkkeh

-u
e.
kku:
:
ELxhLku
x kh
fwAVn
k rV{
ykkfku
{wfk{e
hun
Lkw{
k Vh{kU
ku
fu EMk
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
- SPRAT
SPRAThu
: DO
{foNOT
ne fkuCOPY
kt fhku
. k u: DO
yiMNOT
kk ne COPY
yunf{kLkk
ViMkk :LkDO
nwyNOT
k siMCOPY
ku {n- snk,
k NOT
fkh fuCOPY
rfMke
nkMku
fu kk
n{ W{
h
WLfk EMku
{k
neAku: z
U. k
rfMkekkELsu
fu kk
W{
:

:

Lk
:
h
ELsu
Lk
ne
Lk
U
?
ehu ehu EMk {fo fku n{k {Mke Mk{kS r{kk fk {fo kLkkk Mkfkk ni.
: - : - : - :
{MkLk yuf zuxk yuLxe ykuuxh EMke {kunu fu kuhkuskkhkUfe, nwLkh{tkUfe, {k Mkk fhLku
kkUfe rMx kLkkkk hnu ykih sk e rfMke fku WLfe r{kk, nwLkh k {k fe sYhk nku, WLk
:
:.
Mkku
: yu
nku
:fu
kuLkkU
fku fLku
x fh rk
[eu,siMkuneykkfku
f fkhku
Lxhfe
sYhk
ykkLku
VkuLk
SPRAT : DO
MSPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRAT
SPRAT
DOxkNOT
rfk,NOT
ykiCOPY
h yufyu
k.yu{.yu
Mk. NOT
w kw
-EMk
kZEfku: DO
[eNOT
kE.COPY
EMke-
khn
yuf :Aku
{kuxCOPY
k
[uBkh
ykuV fku{Mko
kLk
k{k{
{wfk{e
ku
e kVkMke
fhfu
. EMke
khn
:
:Mkfkk
ni

:kkhekU
f
-Efk

:
Mku
n
kfu
{i
kLk{U
,
si
M
ku
ne
fku
E
k[k
{ku
n
u
{U
ki
k
nw
y
k
fu
WMfk
zu
x
kku
s
kLk
kk.
yk
WMfuCOPY
ki
Lk fkuk{k{xefu
knkLke
. (siMkk
fu
EM{kEe
:
kkLku
: fe
- k
kh
: fhkku
Eu
: s{kyk
fu kuk fhku nit.)

n{ fkuusfu kkk Mku yke fhku nI fu ku yiMke hkfkhkLkk r{kk fk yn fhU ykih
: - : - : - :
Mkkrkf kkk (yuwr{Lke) Mku hkMk fhku nI fu ku VhLk VhLk yn U fu yiMke Mfe{U
SPRAT : DO
COPY
-
DO
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- EMku
SPRAT
DO NOT
MkkuLNOT
Mkh fhU
ku, yi
MkeSPRAT
MknwkU: {w
niNOT
k fhUCOPY
ku, k -ykLku
yMkh: DO
YMkw
fk
{k:fhfu
fk{COPY
:
ku
kkU: fe,
-
-yu
Mkw
:
fhkU
ku. {wgeV
kuf
fe, fkhfeeo
kU
fe zehu:
xekt
kLkkLkke
f kzk
{t fk{
ni.
knuhNOT
nkCOPY
n{U r{sw
fh ykku
kZLkkCOPY
ni. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
kku
yt
k
feSu
fu
yu
f
Aku
x
e Mke fkur
Mkk ELfkk
kkk nku
Mkfkk
ni: rMkkMke,
: - : Mku: fi
Mk{kS, {yke, n{ Lku ytk kkk ni fu nh kZk rk {wMk{kLk ykh hkus txu ku txu EMk
r{k fu ru V fhu kku kfhekLk 10 Mkk{U k{k{ {wM{ WB{k Mk VeMk kZe nwE nku
: - : - : - :
Mkfke ni. kLke 100 rVMk kZe re. nwfw{ku rnL ykih rhkMkke nwfw{kkU fu khV Mku EMk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
170
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
rMkrMku
:
L: k
-r{

:
{U {wfB{kykw
ykih
yuykLkk
Mkfku
nI. Lk
r{u kku n{siMke :kt
S{kU
fk
kykw
eSu
: n{-
ykkfe
khV
Mku NOT
zUku.COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DOLkNOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
W{w{e kke{
furu
u ki
{kLkkni fu nh
kZkk
u
kku
wM
khekhV
nkh
:

:
yuf: fku
yuwfuLk fu ru n{khe hk ni fu n{ rMkVo ykih rMkVo khkhe ykih {nkhk fe nkiMkk yVkE
fhU. rMkVo Vkirfk (yuMkuLMk) fku kZkk U, ykih nkuLknkh ykih wk {unLkk fhLku kkU kh ne
: - : - : - :
ykLkk fkrkuf Mkh{kk kkyut. ykih f{ ykih ykiMkk snLk kkut fku, k u f{ ykih ykiMkk
SPRAT
DO ne
NOT
COPY
COPY
Vw
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
{un: Lkk
fhLku
fu kki- khSPRAT
nkU WLnU: DO
ku huNOT
n{kLkk
kkih- Mku
w ki:MDO
kk khkk
fhLku -Mku{Lkk
fh U: DO
. WLnU
fw
:A

:s
ne
:hkU

yu
:
nwLkh
fe khV
kkyu
t k
rfMke{wksu
{kkh
. ykihW{w{LkrfMke
f Vo
fku
SPRAT
DOk
NOT
COPY -ku
VSPRAT
: DO {
NOT
COPY
- fhLku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
: DO
NOT COPY
zkuf: xh
ykE.xe.
uLk kLkkLku
U kk
[o
fu ku
s{eyk
fk-{iSPRAT
kh kwL
fhLku
kh
[t
u
f
e
hf{
fku
kkyu
t
.
w
t
e
zku
f
xh
Mkknk
ykLke
yk{Lke
kLkkLku
{
U
sw
k
U
ku
k
n{khk
: - : - : - :
{kun
kNOT
kku sYh
z fh
rLkf: DO
UNOT
ku. ykh
{ :fhLke
ne niCOPY
kku WLMku
ykih WLfu
keLk
SPRAT
: DO
COPYAku
-
SPRAT
COPY yi
- MkeSPRAT
DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
yETkMku [kh-kkt[ Mkkfe hfkhkLkk r{kk fk kkuLz Mkk fhkU. sLkkor{, kkueMk,
: - : - : - :
yek siMku kukkU{U yiMke { kunkh ni rsMk{U Vo fe {kuswke fki{fu knVVw fku kZkk kku
uke ni.
:
L
:f

-fhLkk
n{
: fw
knuhnk nku
knkhkU
e rLkkLkne
fhLku
fu
kk :rsLkfe
MkhkhMke
kw fhU
SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
COPY
- kke{
SPRATkh
: DO
NOT COPY
WLk: DO
kh NOT
rLkkhkLke
hU-
, WLkMku
kku:LDO
z rkU
fkuBw- r
LkxeSPRAT
MkMk: DO
fk fkuNOT
BwrLkxe
WLfe
[o
ke. WLnU
[u
suo fu yVMkh
kLkku
ke. WLnU
zkufxh,
kLkku
ke, kku fki
ku
{U
fhu
:
:
yu
L: SLkeh

{ fku
:
k
r{u
kk?f{
Mku
f{
kkt
[
MkkkU
f
u
ru
ku
hku
Lkk
t
x
u
ku
t
x
u
{w
^
k
r{kk
U
.
WMk
fu
ru
fkLkwLke kkih kh WLnU sfz ek . ykih kkfekUfku {wkeV Akuxu Akuxu fkuMkeoMk WLkfe
: - : - : - :
MkknekkUfu {wkkrkf fhku U ykih kkkihu kMk fkhkukkh, se nwLkh{te, Akuxe {wks{kU,
MkLkykfkhe, kufuStk, manufacturing, processing, packaging, services, kihk e
snkt
:
ze U
:
: fu
- fu
: WLfu
ru
{w{
rfLk nku
WL{U u
. ykVxh
MkuMk MkMk
WMkw
kh kke{
kk
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY -xu
DOh NOT
SPRAT
NOTe
COPY
SPRAT
DO ku
NOT COPY
{wL:kkrMkk
Mkh{kk,
fLkkuSPRAT
kuS :yki
{kfuoxCOPY
fk kkuzk knku
k kt: DO
kukMk
fh -ek
, :kkfu
k ykLku
hkU khzunku
. - : - :
n{u
:
ki :MkfU
kke{
fk
{Ek
Mku
kzk
kunhkCOPY
kkw-fniSPRAT
. ykh: DO
kufNOT
kh fkuCOPY
kke{- eSPRAT
kku: DO
WMfk
NOT COPY
{LkVe
Lkke
e
rLkf
Mkfkk
ni
.
kzu
ku
x
u
fku
,
u
yf
yAk
Bkh
(Lk
fk
fkhekh)
kLk
Mkfkk
: - : - : - :
kk, fso u fh skhMke hkk kukk{h kLkk ek kk. yk Lk WMku {wku{k r{ Mkfke ni Lk
ne yk ku Bkhe fhLku kikh ni. fso fk {khk kkk, Akuxu k[kUfku fk{ kh kk ukk ni. u ku
: - : - : - :
k[u nI, rsLnkULku uk ni fu kzu kE kZfu kuhkukkh nI. kzu kuxu kh u kswkko rfk kk kk
SPRAT
: DOhnk,
NOTkku
COPY
xSPRAT
NOT COPY
- k[kLkne
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOEMk
NOT COPY
Lkkfk{
Akux-u ku
u fku rMkhu: DO
Mku kZkk
ne Lkn.
Mku fk{{U
zk ek
kk. fk
kzu
:
nku
kk.: u

zfu
kh kusn fku
Bwx:h
fk kku
Lk zkk
kk
k
kkni fu nh
yuf :Mfw
yki
h
fku: DO
us neNOT
fe COPY
kke{- hfkh
k: DO
Mkkskkh
e ni-. kktSPRAT
eS fe: DO
kwrLkke
kke{
kku:k
SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
NOT COPY
- fuSPRAT
DOe
NOT COPY
k
fw
A
w
t
ne
ku
.
k
n{u
t
EfkkLku
u
k
Lk
rkk
kk
fu
(u
h:)
: - : - : - :
nu u knkuk yAe {fkk fe rVk urfLk
kke nu kkkkt{U VkYfe Mk{kLke
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
Efk{kk
- 171COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: yki
n: fe
-
:ne
ni
.: n{khk

h hkus{hko
y{e
skefk
{fkk
n{khk
yksfk
kkkkt
kswkko
hnkNOT
ni fu COPY
y{e-
ske{U
kuNOT
k kk
nkuku: DO
nI rsLnkU
ku ykLke
MkkkCOPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRATku
: DO
COPYfkr{kk
- SPRAT
NOTLCOPY
- kke{
SPRATf{kEfu
: DO NOT
fe ni
, krLkMkk
WLkfu
Lku W{
h{kt kkk
hun
fh rkLkk
Lkk{ku
rLknk
:
-
rsLnkU
:
kh
:kku
-rkfk
fu:
wLkeMkxeMku {kuxe (nkE MkkWLzk) rzkekt nkrMk fe nI. ykih yk Lk Eh fu hnu Lk Wh fu. Lk
yk Akuxk fk{ fh Mkfku ni, kU fu nkEx fkuh nku [wfu nI, ykih Lk ELke rkfk kk e ni fu kzk
: - : - : - :
fk{ r{ Mkfu. n{khe ktS{kUfku fkur fhLke [kneu fu kke{ ykih f{kE kuLkkU yuf Mkkk [U.
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- Eku
SPRAT
- niSPRAT
: DO
NOT
- hkuSPRAT
DOki
NOT
kkkiNOT
hu kMk
rsLfe
Mkke: DO
{NOT
fki{COPY
fh hne
WLnU kku
sYh
fwACOPY
Lk fwA
s f{k :fh
xkLkkCOPY
:
:{w

e
[kneun{ u
kunI fu:
ky
Lk{o r
kuk WMfe
kuV
k fhku
nI, fu
nkunI,fu: n{khk
k[k
SPRAT : DO
COPY
COPY skkkek
- SPRAT : niDO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
nkukkNOT
kku k
n{- yiSPRAT
Mkk fhku: ?DOu NOT
f{ y
. kuNOT
n{khk
k[k
Lkn fki{
fe r{hkMk
ni
,
yki
h
fki
{
fu
k#
WMfu
EMke
khn
fu
fw
A
VhkE
kLkku
nI
,
rsMk
khn
n{khu
k[u
fu
n{khe
khkn
: - : - : - :
kLkkuNOT
! n{UCOPY
skkkek{U
Mkkk-
LknSPRAT
AkuzLkk: DO
ni. NOT
n{ EMk
nku{t: DO
rnf{ku
SPRAT : DO
- SPRATe
: DOy
NOTfk
COPY
COPYkhn
- fe
SPRAT
NOT COPY
y{e kh [Uku kku kk k[kUfe { Lk fh kkUku.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY

- (SPRAT
: DO NOT)COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
WBke
Excellence
: nkt

:
-
: UPSC

ku
:
ykh
kke{,
IIM,
IIT, State
PSCs,
kihk siMku fXeLk
kk{fe
nku kku
{wfB{
h k :hfkh
ni. COPY
ekh -ykMkkLk
fkuMkeo: DO
Mk fuNOT
euCOPY
hkukLkk- [kh
kkt[ :tDO
xufekZkE
SPRAT : DO
NOT ku
COPY - yki
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
fkVe
ni. kuh nku kwh
u k
EMku
{k kh,
kih
k kh,
fu kiM
ku fu kunkheLkEMku
kh.
e t[
:
: fu
fki
:{
{:k
fk f[h Lk khkLk [Zu. n{Lku snkt kekh {kMkw{ ke{kUfku kze kfeV ykih sw{ fu nk{U
uk kku n fwA {kkh ke{ kLkkU fku ykLku k[kU fku ELkk rkkkzku uk fu n{khu ykkfu
: - : - : - :
k[ue WLk Lkkku Lky{ Mku {unY{ nkUku. nh kkk ykfh rkkoLke {wnik fh kk. ekh {wkoLk
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
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SPRAT
: DO NOT
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Figure 16 - Paidaish Wa Amwat Wa Umr
: - : - : - :
suo kkk [kxo {U {wLkkrk {w{krf {U Venh ykkke kh kikE fe hn (zu

ke feh), y{kk fe hun ({wMkMk ke feh) ykih kk kikE fk k{eLkk
: - : - : - :
({whkkU ke feh) ku rfu kyu nI. u rkke nI snkt MkwzkLk ykih khk{U kk kuk {hku
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
COPY yki
- hSPRAT
: DO{kU
NOTkk
COPY k[u
- SPRAT
nI, NOT
n COPY
yVkLkeMkkLk,
Mkwz: DO
kLk, NOT
kkrfMkkLk
khkfe
sLkke: DO
ni. NOT
kLMk,COPY
:

:
Lku:ek
-yMku

: nI
EMk
kE, y{u
hefk,
MkWe
yhk,
[eLkykih ELzku
fu ku
k kk
o rsku
. yki
h nkt
rLkMkkLk
f{ k[u
k nkuku: nI
. NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- kiSPRAT
DO
n{Lku
rkAu
MkVnkk{U
ukni fu
{w
M{
ke{khe
fk
fk
. {k
: - :
: kkeLkfe

-
: nk
ni
LwxNOT
eLk COPY
kLke f{
hkfe Mku: DO
{kt NOT
ykih COPY
k[kU -fefiSPRAT
Mke whkk
. fy
kE
s[k
SPRAT : DO
- ku
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
COPY -ki
SPRAT
: DOk[k
NOTfuCOPY
Eks kh n{ k [o fhku nI. n{U Mkk Mku kunu kwrLkke MkVkE k MkuLkexuLk kh kk kuh
: - : - : - :
uLkk nkukk. yunkekke Efk{kk, rnVu yunrkkk fu kkih kh n{U ykLku {kunu, kekt MkkV
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- SPRAT
NOT
- SPRATk
: DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
hLke
nkUCOPY
ke. rskLkk
kykwL: kDO
r{
MkfuCOPY
BwLkeMkekkexe
fkuNOT
kkuohuLkfk
nkrMk
fhU. (yki
h sYhk
:

:e
:
-khkU

:
kzu
kku RTIfk EMku
Vkk
fhU.
) keLkufu kkLkefekhV
kMk
yunkekk
. k
ne yAk
nku
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
DO
COPY
: DO fNOT
fu Mkkrnku
{k fkk
fe hf{
Mku NOT
fku{LkCOPY
kikw-k
fku{Lk :ku
xhNOT
rVxh
siMke-
MknwSPRAT
kU khekkU
u ruCOPY
{wni
k fhU. ku
, k w
ku kktxLku fe
fkkhU
{fkLk
wfkLk fuykku
!
:
Mkkzekt
:
ykLku
:
kkLku
: fu
k
kkLke
s{k
nw
y
k
fe
Lk
hnu
.
z
u
L
ku
s
fk
{w
L
kkrMkk
ELku
{
nku
yki
h
w
e
rk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTfeCOPY
Vhkug u n{khu nkt nkuke ni, kt nku, EMk fu rMkrMku{U n{ {wrn{ [k Mkfku nI. rk fku Zktk
: - : - : - :
fh ku[k . kLkufe ykkU, ku {U zwke nwE rk fu LkwfMkkLkkk, kukkhk w{kE kE nkuxkUfe
ke. (heMkkf Vwz) WMfu rMkrMku{U kukkUfku {wLkkrMkk kferVk uLku fu ru n{ fuBk ykih
:
:Mkfku
nI
-fhMkfku
nI: .
fo
kuk fkELkyu
fkfh
. h h
fhMkunk :fu
kkhu {U
kkek
MfwkU
{U fu
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- nku
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- rfMke
SPRAT
k[kU
Mku COPY
{wkrkk
Mkfku: DO
nI. kku
Mxhfe
Lkw{- kE
s{k :Mkfku
nI. EMke
khn
kzu: DO
nkuNOT
{U kCOPY
w
u {ikLk{U
ku
kkUf
ku Efk
fhfu
Mkunkfu{MkkE
kh u:
[Mko k
{Mkw
Mk ke{khekU
rMkrMku
{
U
:
:

: fu
hku
x
he
k
k
kLMk
fk
ki
h
k
fu
{u
z
ef
fu
B
k
kk
Mkfku
nI
.
{w
^
k
ykt
kU
f
e
kVke
(e
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
176: DO
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
ykE
: [uf
zku
Lku:
- fu
Mkfku
:
yk)ykih z
Lk (w
Lk fk ykek)
fuBk: k
nI.kfu fuxuffuyku
uLk
nku
ku: DO
nI e.
geV- khn
fe ke{khekU
keMk
n{khu :{wDO
nuNOT
ykfh
fhLku
ru e
SPRAT
NOT{wCOPY
SPRAT
: DO NOTfeCOPY
- SPRAT
COPY
- fuSPRAT
: DOfwA
NOT COPY
fxh ki
kh nkU
ku ykh
n{
WLfkkykwLk
U.Mu: x
fk ksw
kko hnk
ni fun{U
zkufxh
zku
:

:Mkefu
Mku
rnLw
:
kku rLkMkkLk ykMkkLke Mku r{ ku nI {kh {wM{ {hekU fku Efu fhLku fu ru kze kkkuku fhLke
kzke ni. nkt khekkUfk zuxkkus Lk nkuLku Mku WLkMku hkrkk kLkkLku {U kze rkU ykke nI. xefu, kMk
: - : - : - :
kkih kh kkuekufu xefu kze ykMkkLke Mku Mkkk nI. kukkUfku yk{kk rfk Mkfkk ni, WLnU u
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY -Mkfkk
SPRATni.: DO
NOTuLCOPY
h
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
fh
xefk
kkk
k xefu
ku kkU- fku
kf kk
Mkfkk
ni.- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
:
{w

: fu
EMk khn fuMk{kS

{MkkE
khMuxfkyuf ku:
kk shek
keV
khn
kkuMxMko
SPRAT
: DO ni
NOT
- SPRAT
NOT
COPYfh-
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
NOT COPY
kLkkkk
. yiCOPY
Mku rzkELMk,
û: DO
Mk kh
Akk
rkh
kkU
fu NOT
kykwCOPY
Lk Mku -skn
skn: DO
xfk
ru
ku
ni
t
.
WLfe
Lkf
fhkE
Mkfke
ni
.
ykkfe
ykLke
skkLk{U
.
u
e
ykk
n{khe
: - : - : - :
u:kMkkExMku
Mkfku :nIDO
SPRAT
DO NOTzkWLkku
COPY -zfhSPRAT
nk ne {U Muxfu yuf fkhkt MkuLxh kh yuf kzk {wkkMMkh fwLk {tsh n{Lku uk. n{Lku
: - : - : - :
nkt kh yuf ykE [uf yk fuBk fk yunku{k{ rfk kk. kLMk k fu kykwLk Mku. fwA
150/200 kwswkkuOLku ykLkk [ufyk fhkk. 50/75 YkkU{U WLnU Mkku [~{u kf kikh fhfu u
eu
:

-k

u :ku
kyu
. WLk{U
Mku fwA
kwsw:kkuOL
ku {wkkU
fu kk
ykLku
LkE
[nekkU
fu kku
u
. fkf
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
NOT COPY
WLnU
[wBNOT
ku, ykiCOPY
h ku-
kkku
ku. :WLnkU
Lku rVhCOPY
Mku kZLkk
wY rfk
ykNOT
[wtfCOPY
u WLfe -keLkkE
kix: DO
ykE.
Mkk yu
f yuf{tshn{U
Mkk
kf [kso
fhu
n{
nMMkkMk
ELMkkLk
(yi
:
{kn
:
-Lk
kku: rVh
Lkn.)
:
EMke
khn
rsM{kLke
s
fu
rMkrMku
{
U
n{khu
u
fw
fu
yMkkkk
ke.xe.
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRATfu :{kMxh
DO NOT COPY
{w
n
u
fu
k[kU
fku
Efk
fhfu
rz
fhk
Mkfku
nI
.
rVef
yu
MkhMkkE
k
rsM{kLke
{~f
fhk
: - : - : - :
Mkfku nI. {wgeV khn fu u kku Mkfku nit. ykih n{ kwhkuh ytks{U fnUku fu u kMkwh
rkfw kk ni fu khek fku wekt Lkn [kneU, k u fu khek fu ru wrkt {MMkh Lkn fe

:
: k[kU
{

:
Mkfk.
ELkMx
[h
(Zkt[:k)
fu kki
h. S
Lkn.khek
U kiz kku
fhkE
Mkfke
nit
Lkk
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DONOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
{wL:ks{
khefu
Mku? -fke
rkE
Mkfke
ni. WMfu
ru fnkt
ELkMx
[h [kneu
? shkMku
[u
o COPY
kuekku
, ykih kkMfu
fk
yunku{
k{ nkuMkfkk
. ykih
fwA Lkn kkuu
kufk,
Mku
:
xkku
:
:ni
kk,
:
kVk
fkMk
[kE
Mkfke
nI
.
kMkw
h
feSu
fu
ykk{U
rfkLke
kkfk
ni
.
fw
A
[o
rfu
kki
h COPY
kkuz
u Mku sku
Mku,kku
zeMke:
kfeV
WXk fh
ykk rfkLke
ekt
rkihMkfkunI
. rfkLke
{wMfkLk
kMk
:
: w
kZk Mkfku nI. ykih nkt n{ khek k[u fku u Lk fnU fu kw{ kunu kZ r fh fwA kLk rVh
u fw uLkk. sLkkk, kk kf u k[k k[k Lkn hun ukk. WMku yks kkuzk Mkk u kk
: - : - : - :
eSu e. WMfu ru kkuze Mke kfeV yks u rSu e.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
: DO {w
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
n{Lku
Mux-{UyuSPRAT
f rzeLk
MfkLk
fu Lkk{Mku
ku :hk
ni, rsMk
fk -fk{
ni fu Aku: xDO
u AkuNOT
xu COPY
kkfo
:
-n{

: {rxhe
{k)
:
kLkkyu
rsMk{U
rhMkkEfz
(fkkze
fk EMku
{k
fhU,
siM
ku xkh,
fuk,
st: eh
hk.COPY
kMkw-hrfSu
-keLk
EMku
{k :fhfu
EMk MkuCOPY
kwhkLku- fuSPRAT
k xfk
SPRAT
DOki
NOT
SPRATfu: ku
DO
NOTkkEkkU
COPYf-k
SPRAT
DO NOT
: DOeu
NOT COPY
U
yki
h
WLk
{U
xkh
yxfk
eu
U
,
kku
k[kU
fu
ru
rfkLku
khu
w
u
kLk
Mkfku
nI
.
hu
ke
zk
: - : - : - :
e Lke[u. MkuLzkx kLkkek sk LkLnu {wku k[kU fku WALku fwLku fu ru. {n hg fe
kMku kwhkLke steh{U kwhkLku xkh VtMkk eSu, kk e yAk kMkk wk kLk kk. ueu kku
: - : - : - :
Mkne fhfu!
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
- 177COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: ykh
- ykkfu
kkMk
:
nkU

: Mku

h
: kke
,
MkkE
kku rVh
Xef
rzMku
LMkhe
kLkkEu
, i
kkLku
{wgNOT
eV ku
kkU ku
kkLku
kLkkEu
LkLnu -Mkukkfo
kLkkEu
urfLkCOPY
wkhk
kf :Yfeu
Lkn.COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT ,COPY
SPRAT
: DO,NOT
- kk
SPRAT
DO NOT
ELVhke
h khe
knku
k fwAfh Mkfku
nI. yks
ne
Mku wYykk
fhMkfku
nI. sk
wk
:
kki
ykk
:

:
:
MkkE ykU kku kzk fk{ rfSu, urfLk kk kf fu ru xkeu Lkn. LkskLk h h U.
k[e nwE kEkt u Vkrs kze hunke nI WLnU Efk fhU ykih khekkU kf yMkkkkU fu sheu
: - : - : - :
knkU[kU. kkn{e kykwLk fe Mkkun ku kykutfu Mxkuh zu fhU. Mkhfkhe yMkkkkU{U yiMku {he
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOTke{khkh
COPY - rh~ku
SPRAT
NOT
u wNOT
h hk
Mku -ykyu
nwyu nkU
, WLkfu
khkU: fuDOru
hunCOPY
Lku fk fku-
E SPRAT
{wLkkrMkk: DO
ktNOT
kukMkCOPY
:
WLk

fhU.
ykLkuhkU{Uyu
fk :f{hk
fu ru
V
fhU .: yki
h fw
A Lknkku nVku
{Uyu: f
kkh
ke{
SPRAT : DO
COPY -{U fh
SPRAT
: DOENOT
- kwSPRAT
SPRAT
kLkkUNOT
, nMkkkkU
rsw
fhUCOPY
, r{
Mkeo fhU: DO
, kuNOT
[kh COPY
r ku-nkLku
fu kku: DOneNOT
kkuCOPY
ykEu
.
{kh
fw
A
kku
feSu
.
yk
e
Lk
feSu
kk
kku
rVh
fk
rfSu
kk?
sk
r[zeLk
Lku
[wk
: - : - : - :
ukNOT
rkCOPY
kk kAkku
k nku
kNOT
ni? (u
h:)- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY
wk kku r{kk ni ELMkkLk ne Lkn r{kk.
: - : - : - :
u ku [e ni u ue fnet fn {iLku
: fhLku
-fkuELkk
fw
:A
ki
:
f{e
:
ni, fhkLku
fu ruELku
k ki
kh nI kku
rVh fnkt
ni? kU
n{
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
DO Mku
NOT
COPY
- uSPRAT
DO uNOT
LknNOT
fh kk
hnu?- k
ku kU :n{
Vkk
Lkn
kk hnu?: DO
kMkNOT
EMkCOPY
rfkkk-
fe SPRAT
kwhe fkur:
ni fuCOPY
EMk
rLk{fku
, EMk
Zkt[:u fku
, EMk
rVfku Wkh
rk
.EMfku skk
.
EMk
:

fh
:
rk
:
fr{x{u
fk, EMk
fk yu: nDO
MkkMk
rkk
MkkE: DO
{kisNOT
w nI k
ykU
ku. (uh:)
SPRAT : DO
NOTLxCOPY
- Vso
SPRAT
NOT
COPY.
- SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
shk WzLku kku ku kwVkLk {U rkLkfu Lku{Lk fu
Lkh ykyukk nh k kh ykekt {uhk
: - : - : - :
: n{U
yu
: f
-kkkk
fuu :nw
sk
-Lk{k
kZ
: hnu
yufrLk
E{k{
MkknkLku
whu yfh{
nku
ku ykih
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- nMkLk
SPRATk: DO
NOTE{k{
COPYnw- M
: DO NOT
: DO NOT
feNOT
nhk
E{k{
nhk
kiLkSPRAT
rfMke kfeV
Mku hkuCOPY
kzku-,kkuSPRAT
ykk Lk{k
fkyCOPY
fhfu
k[kUfku kku
u
rnfkkfe
Mkkfk
E{
Lkn,urfLk
n{khk
funkk
ni fu
:
uku:. n{U
EMk
-
:fk
r
:
yiMkkNOT
ykk
sYh- fhku
nkUku:.DO
hunNOT
{kw
hku:kuDO
k[kU
fku COPY
u fu-
Lk{k
he: DO
LknNOT
hCOPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
COPYyk{eLk
- SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
Mkfku
nkUku.u kku n{khe
rnMke
[kneufu hMku{Ms
kf
hkn fek{k{kfkeV
Lkh
ytks
:
ku
:
:
:
fhku [U, Mkkk f{kLku fu ru!

n{khu ke[ hkuku rkrkkku k[u nI. fuMku n{khu {wykhu {U yuf Mkkk ku ku [eU nkU fu
: - : - : - :
n{ keuxh fu ru uf xefex heLku fe fkkhkU{U zu nkU ykih wMkhe khV n{ ne {U yiMku e
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO khMk
NOT COPY
-
DO {U
NOT
k[uNOT
nkU COPY
u {wM-fwhknx
fu ru
kyu nkU
? SPRAT
sk fu :n{
u COPY
kkfk -nifuSPRAT
n{ Lk: DO
rMkVoNOT
WLnUCOPY
:
: kkLku
f
nI
:
ykk
-{kkhkU
f:u
{wMfw
hkLkufe,kfufu
nfnu
e MknwkU uMkfku
? {MkLk
hkUMku
kwhkLku
rkuNOT
Lku Efu
fhLkk
Y fhU: DO
ykihNOT
khek
k[kU
WLfu EMku
k fuCOPY
ru kkt
xU.SPRAT
nh k{
Vkh
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- w
SPRAT
COPY
- {USPRAT
: DO{NOT
-
: DO
NOTMkuCOPY
ki
x
fh
ykLku
k[kU
f
u
Mkkk
kzku
M
k
fu
khek
k[kU
f
ku
s{k
fh
eSu
yki
h
ykMkkLk
Mku
fw
A
u
: - : - : - :
we s{eLk kh rkeSu. fhfu kku ueu. u kku rMkVo ykkfe {kunkk fu kkkkh nI.
ykEzeu WLfu kkMk e fwA f{ Lkn. ko u ni fu ykk fku k[u fe {wMfwhknx {U ykLke we
: - : - : - :
rkE uke nku.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
178: DO
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
: rnf{ku

:
y{e
- ku
kyu kt
sw{ - : - :
{wkVhf yn{ {k{kk
: - : - : - :
Miscellania
ykn{ EMk
rkkk
fu ykhe
nku hnu
nI ykih fwA {w
kVhf
{MkkE
:

:
{hnu
- {U
kr
:
:
fk :rs
sYhe -k
hnk ni.: yu
{Mkyk
eSPRAT
Lkn kfu
. nwkw-
Mku COPY
SPRAT
DO fhLkk
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DOf NOT
COPYsw-
: DOyn{
NOTniCOPY
kLke
SPRAT(kLk
: DO NOT
{kunkk). n{ ykku kZU EMk Mku kunu knk fhU fu nwkwkLke Mku n{khk {kk rku
ke nwkw kLke Lkn ni rsMk{uut WXku kiXku kkrfMkkLk fku kke uLkk k n{khe nh ke{khe fu
keAu ykE.yuMk.ykE. fk nkk kkkLkk k{e ni. ELke MkMke ykih rLk[e nwkwkLke n{U ukk
e
:
Lkn
uke. - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
nwkw
kLke
:
: - : - :
fwA rLkkU kunu kwshkk fu ykkhkU {U fwA kMehU Ak rsLk{U {wMk{kLkkU fku yuf kMk
Lk{kfk yunku{k{ fhku uk kk kk. EMk Lk{k {U rnLwMkkLke rfux xe{fe kkrfMkkLke rfux
: - : - : - :
xe{ kh Vkun fu ru wkyut {ktke k#. n{ {kswh nI Mk{Lku Mku fu u nwkw kLke fiMke ykih u
SPRAT
SPRAT :{kt
DO
NOT
COPY
NOT COPY
rfu: xDOfiMNOT
kk? wCOPY
k fe- {kk
kLke
ne COPY
ke kku- Zuh SPRAT
Mkkhu Mkt:DO
keLk NOT
{MkkE
{w-ffkuSPRAT
ykih :fkiDO
{ fku
hku
:
w:M
nI
WLfuru {kt
kku. Lk:
EMfku
yAkEMk{
fnUku: Lk
yAe
MkkuxTMko{uL
krk.
khe khV
n{khe
ke fw- t[kU{SPRAT
U u kLkf
sw{o nku
kk ni- fukkrfMkkLkfe
Lkkhu
ku
nI k
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NOT COPY
: DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT : DOSk
NOTkh
COPY
- ku
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: DO
NOT COPY
kxku
Vku
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u
ku
nI
.
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kk
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k
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k
nku
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ni
?
yki
h
EMkMku
: - : - : - :
yun{fkLkk fk{ e ykih k nku Mkfkk ni? nwkw kLke fe kun[kLk n{khu rfhkh Mku n{khu hkus
{hkon fe ske Mku rkE u Mkfke ni. n{ ykLku xuMke k kh ykih {wLkkrMkk kkih Mku yk
: - : - : - :
fhU. rkse ykih kkLke fu rk k kh [wfkU. ykLku Mkhfkhe {wn{kU {U Vkkhe Mku Vso yt{
SPRAT
DO
- SPRAT
: DOykk
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: DO NOT
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NOT COPY
U. :ku
k NOT
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[ fh
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t, fuSPRAT
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:
:
{
k
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: DO NOT
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: DO
NOT COPY
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SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
n{khk
yuf COPY
kueLxeh
rMkef: DO
{uLNOT
kush COPY
(voluntary
civic
manager
) nku
BwrLkMkek
fku
kku
o
h
u
Lk
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fe rkse
u. kkLke- Vhkn{
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: DOLkkrkt
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ku
t
fu
n{
w
kyu
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fu
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: - : - : - :
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nkrMk nI. EMk kkk fe kukkhk kkE n{ suo u Table 11 - Shehri Hukook Wa
Jamhooriyat
: :
-huL
:
ykih kk
V Lk
fh hnu
nI.k hnu
fu u :ELzu
Mk
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kk
Lf fkCOPY
y-kzk
WLkk o
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
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179COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO -NOT
: - : - : - :

:
: - :

- :
yVkrLkMkkLk
6 : DO NOT 138
ku
: - :kt
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- :
[eLk
6 : DO NOT 121
: - :kLMk
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khk
3 : DO NOT COPY
47 - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
ELzkuLkuek
3
66
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6
143
: - : - : - :
EMkkE
2
30
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5
106
: - : - : - :
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6 : DO NOT 108
Mkw
z
kLk
7
140
: - : - : - :
y{u
rhfkNOT COPY - SPRAT
1 : DO NOT COPY
15 - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: DO
Table 11 - Shehri Hukook Wa Jamhooriyat
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY

SPRAT
DO
SPRAT
NOT{wCOPY
: DO(rMkk
NOT COPY
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fku :kki
h NOT
Mku uCOPY
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: DO
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U
Figure
: - : - : - :
13 - Freedom Index.
n{khe nwkw kLke {U u e k{e nku fu n{ {wf ne Lkn kfu EMk {wf {U hunLku
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: DOrkE
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: - : - : - :
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: ykk
kh
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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:

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: - : - : - :
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[
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([eV)
:
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NOT
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: DO
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fu COPY
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h COPY
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ku {wMk{kLkkU fku ykLku Mkkk MkVh kh kwhe khn kr{ Lk hU. 15 fhkuz {wMk{kLkkU fku Vhk{ku
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ni
:
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:

w
. fwA
Mkk f
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ku
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kku: z
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: DO NOT
COPY
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NOT
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fu Lke[u
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e COPY
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kiCOPY
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E COPY
2008
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h
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kk fu
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:
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: - : - : - :
MkuwheT{ WMkfe Ek Lkn ukk. urfLk rVh u e yo fhU fu XuX Mkuwkhe{ xuMkx kwf
ne {U kkk kk ni, rh kkurxeMk fu ykLku ne kfku nI. n{ rV k EMk khne EkuVk fhU
ku
:
,: n{khu

-

Lk: nku
n{khu
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Mkkk EBkk
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, kkfe
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NOT COPYLk-
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ne
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: - : - : - :
kuke knuLk u, rkf kku, kw kkX fhu kfknkhe nku kku ku {wM{ w~{Lk ni, ykih wMkhe
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: DO
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:
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wxu kLk khMk fku, rsMkLku kukk fu ykMkLk fh ru k w rnLe kku e. k {wMk{kLkkU fku
: - : - : - :
rkhk fu kkkk, EMk{ fe {sB{k fhe, rkf kkk, Lk{Mku fhe, kLk khMk {kLk ek.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
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:
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(seek)
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nkt,: DO
u fnk
SPRAT : DO
COPYkhMke
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: DOyki
NOT
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SPRAT
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NOTCOPY
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ni fuELMkkLke
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Mku, ELxhLku
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{wfe
:

x
:
xwx: hne
nI.
fki{ek (Lku~kr{) fe skn kiLkwyfk{ek (humanism k internationalism)

ELMkkLkek u hne ni. kwhe hke {wf fe skn u hne ni. urfLk {wf Mku kkhe, kuVkE u rfMke
e khn fkrku fwkq Lkn. wMkhe khV fk fkuE rnLwykutMku kwAu fu snkt rfux{U kkrfMkkLkfe
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY {w
-
: DO
SPRAT
NOTnI,COPY
fkr{kke
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:
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:
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, yuMkkE
k[k
ukunI k ku
kkh
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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- kLke
SPRAT
COPY
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COPY
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: DO
NOT COPY
nwkwk
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ke{
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A nwNOT
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, ykkkU
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COPY
: DO{NOT
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: DO
nI, ykih ELMkkV kk fh Mkfku nI. urfLk k hnu fu Lku~ ykih Mkuwh {kuswykk kh n{khk
: - : - : - :
hu y{ fki{e ykih Mkuwh nku, {nke Lkn. ykkkU{U n{ fwykoLkku neMk fu nku Mku Lkn,
s{eLke fkLkwLk fu nku Mku Mk{kS zkEkt Skku nI. Xef WMke khn rsMk khn Lk{kkU, rfhkyk
:

:
:
. :
ykih
kyu
t {U n{U
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rkLk
fkuz, Mke.ykh.ke.Mke.
kih
k fk ro
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SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
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: DO NOT
SPRAT
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DO
EMk rMkrMku
{U n{khk
yufCOPY
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kuCOPY
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. u
Mku
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ku
f
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: - : - : - :
yiMku kukkUfku. u n{khu w~{Lk nI, ykih EMke ktne Mku, EMke yiku{k ykih Mk[kE Mku ELk rnLw
unk kMktkUfu rkV zU, u yfekkU fu rkV nuh Vik hnu ni. Lk iMku rnLw rnLw {k fe
:
- fe.

:Lk{ku
sk
r{k
fhhnu nit LkyiMku: {w
Mk{kLk
EMk{
ykih :Lk
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fe. n{ykh
Mku
SPRAT : DO
COPY-
: DO E{kLk
NOT COPY
fk{NOT
U, knB{w
Mku SPRAT
fk{ U,: DO
nkuNOT
{te COPY
Mku fk{-
U,SPRAT
r {U: DO
Mk[kNOT
wCOPY
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nku,
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ku n{khu
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kk. yki
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kk kku
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:
nku
:
-
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eku
f
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ni
.
u rkkk
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nI kws
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kiX fu
. ykX
: n{
:ykkfe

fh
hnu
:
:
Mkk Mku n{ Lku wu yk{ fk{ rfk ni, khek {wMk{kLkkU fe r{k fe ni, khek rnLwykutfe
r{k fe ni. n{khu kkMk MkkE Lkn nI. n{khe { fhLku kkU{U kzk rnMMkk rnLwykutfk ni.
: - : - : - :
yuLk.ykh.ykE. fk ni. ykih n{Lku fn kufu fe k f fe kwtkE Lkn he. Mux fu {wgeV
SPRAT : DO
COPY
: DO
SPRAT
: DO NOTrhfk,
COPY - kke{,
SPRAT : DO
kuNOT
kkUfu Lkk{
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huNOT
(siCOPY
Mku fu -fkhkt
, y{k,
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:
ku
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:
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hu Lkk{
rk,
MkhMke,
k,
rkk
kihNOT
k. u COPY
Lkn fu- n{U
ELk Lkk{kU
kih COPY
ni. kfu
ru :fuDO
n{NOT
kuku
kLk- furkV
n{NOT
kkkCOPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DOMkuNOT
- EMk
SPRAT
COPY
SPRATnI: .DO
fku
zku
L
kMko
fku
rfMke
khnfu
ku
f
u
k
kk
Vu
n
{e
{U
h
fh
ki
M
kk
u
L
ku
ki
kh
Lk
ku
.
hkrf{w
nw
Y
V Lku
: - : - : - :
rfMke k EMke wqMk Mku ki{u s{nwhek fu kkfkux fu rkV fk{ rfk kk. yks n{ EMke Mkwf
Mku e.yu[.ke. ykih kshtk ykih r MkuLkk fu rkV z hnu nI. ykih n{ Lkku nI fu yiMkk
: - : - : - :
fhLku Mku n{ {wf fe r{k fh hnu nI. n{ {kMkw{ rnLwykut fku WLk rnLw kkrkkLkekU Mku k[kLkk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
182
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
[knku
: ni

:
:

:rnLw
t. rnLwykutfu k#
ykLke
kuMke
fk Mkwkqk u hnunI n{.
ykih
yiMkkMk{Lku
ku
yku
tfe
f{e: DO
LknNOT
ni. n{
{ku-
e, kku
kzek,
Xkfhu
fu fke
Mku yAu
rnLw COPY
ne Lkn- {kLkku
, yki: hDOLkne
SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY -fkurMkhu
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
MkkLke.
yAu
: rnLw
- : - : - :
yiMku {wkykut ykih yiMku ktrzkkU fe u LkVhkU Vikku nI WLk fku WLk fu {knku Mku rLkf fu
kwhkLke kMkekU{U hunLku fu ru fnU, ueu rVh WLfe rnB{k fiMku skk uke ni. ykLku ktk
: - : - : - :
{kunkU{U, kkukU{U, kekU{U u uh kLkku nI. ykih n{U LkVhk ke swhkyk fk Mkkf Mkekku nI.
SPRAT
: DOWLnU
NOTe
COPY
- nkkkhe
SPRAT : yki
DOhNOT
SPRAT
NOTkiCOPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
ykh
ykLke
ktzeCOPY
ufh fu- {k
ku[Lku: DO
fu ru
h {wM{
kMkekU: DO
{U k
rnLw
: fku
Mku kw
:
:
kzu
:
{wM{
kMkekU
hLkk
kzu, hkuS hku
xe
fu ru
, k rhk
kkze [kLke
kku rVh
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY - hun
SPRAT
- n{
SPRAT
w: DO
UNOT
ku uCOPY
kkMMkw-
k yki
h kw
. yi
Mku {nke
Lkw{k. :huDO
nLkw{NOT
k kkuCOPY
k fnU
WLnU:?DO
yiNOT
Mku COPY
{nke
ku
k
u
xku
f
ku
Lkn
fu
fkrVh
fu
{kLke
u
Lkn
ni
fu
EMk
khn
n{
rnLw
y
ku
t
f
ku
se
Lkn
: - : - : - :
fh: Mkfku
ûCOPY
fkrVh
, ku n{khu
Lkn -nIMk[u
. kMkw
rfSuCOPY
fu ELzku
ek {u
rk
SPRAT
DO NOT
- MkuSPRAT
: DOykr{
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DOh NOT
- LkuSPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
fu {wMk{kLk yfMkhek khk~k fhuke ykkh nkt fu rnLw yfek rLk hkk WLnU VeLkkhu
: - : - : - :
snk{k fu ytks{U Lkfo{U uske hnu? k r{Mk ykih xwrLkk fu EMkkE nkt fu {wMk{kLkkU fku
snkw{ hMke fhku nI? kfu nkuLkk kku u [kneu fu rnLwykut ykih siLkkU, rMkkU ykih EMkkEkU fu
skkk
:
fw:kko

:
fk n{
yunkuh
k{fhU: .
ykh
n{khe
kkuz
e Mke
Lke Mku
WLk fuskkk
s{e
nkuLku
Mku
SPRAT
COPYyAe
- SPRAT
k[: DO
kuNOT
kku rfkLke
kkk ni: DO
nktn{ ue{un:Mkw
Mk fhU
fu skyuf Mkkk
{k
fkuE funkk ni, fe
{n
:
Mkk
: sw
fe
:
WMfu
yVk
fe
khfek
rfMke
yki
h
fu
ru
nko
f
khe
kLk
Mkfku
nI
,
{MkLk
ykh
fku
E
EMkkE
ykk
Mku u fhu fu {uhk eLk yfuk Mk[k eLk ni, ykih ekh k{k{ ykLk WMkefe rkkze nwE fU nI,
: - : - : - :
kku k ku wMkhu VkU{U u Lkne tfun hnk ni fu kwBnkhk eLk {uhu eLk fu {wfkku {U wxk ni, Lkfe
ni? k ne fwA ku nwyu yVk{U n{ Lkn funku? WMfk Mk[ ykh n{khu ru wxk ni kku
k
:
n{khk
Mk[rfMkeykih fku: w
xk Lkn
kMkfkk? : - :
kkfe
kkoLke : - : - :
:
-fw
ykk fku k ykyukk fu knkuk Mku VMkkkk kk fe fwkkoLke Mku wY nwyu. n{ yks kf
Lkn Mk{ kku fu kk fk fkxLkk, kun fhLkk, kku~k kLkk EMk{ ykih {wMk{kLkkUfe kfk fu
: - : - : - :
ru sYhe fiMku {kLkk kk sfu {wk MkkLkk fu kkLke kkkhLku kkknu k nw{kw fku u kkfe
SPRAT
NOT yu
COPY
SPRAT
DO fk
NOT
: DOyfMkheke
NOT COPY rhkMkk
- SPRAT
: DO
fe :fuDO
kkfk
nkuh-k{ fhku
, {tr:hkU
yunCOPY
kuhk{-
fhkuSPRAT
. {wM{
sB{w
ykiNOT
h COPY
f~{h{U
:
fhLku
:kh
:
nw :
kk fu skn
fkLkw
Lke kkihMku {w
kkUMku kkkt
e ke
E ni.
n{Ukzk
yVMkku
Mk
nku:kkDOni NOT
sk COPY
n{ u-ku SPRAT
nI fu {w:DO
M{NOT
Ekfku
{U w
u SPRAT
yk{ yki
h kze
ke -Mkukku
~k rkfkk
ni COPY
SPRAT
COPY
-
: DO
NOTkt
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
fMkkEkU
fu
nkt
,
u
kfhu
k
{w
keo
fk
nku
.
ykrh
nkt
Mku
rnLw
yki
h
si
L
k
e
kw
hku
nI
.
k
u
: - : - : - :
{w{: rfLk
Lkn COPY
fu n{ -kkuzeSPRAT
Mke LkVkMkk
Mku fk{
U? -iMku SPRAT
e {ekt
rkLkrkLkkke
ELk ku:, DO
kkw
SPRAT
DO NOT
: DO NOT
COPY
: DO NOT
COPY - nUSPRAT
NOT COPY
Vike hnu, u k yAe kkk ni? kfu n{Lku kku wu rhk ykih xf{U EMk khn fu Mkk{kLk fku
: - : - : - :
ykku ku uk ni rsMk fu keAu [Lku ku rnLwykut ykih siLkkU fku Lku rfkLke LkVhk nkuke nkuke
EMk Mku k r{ kk ni n{U yiMke r ykkhe fhLku Mku? ykih shk Mke yunkekk fhLku Mku k
ku
:

:
kku
z
: e
uku nI
n{?snkt
swh
oyk :rkLke
nkukeni nktkkuf{u
h kz
ku nIykih
snkt
Mke w

: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
183COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO -NOT
:
khkLku
-
:yAk
yMkh
kzkk
- nku
kku
nkt
:
ykku
:
ykfe
Mku
kzk
kykfe
kh Wkh
nI, kfu
XLk
kuNOT
nI, yki
h yiM- keVn
{ko
Lkek
Wkh-
ykku
nI. : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOTkh
COPY
SPRAT
: - : - : - :
kWz Mkefh
k rfSu fu n{U rfkLke kfeV nkuke ni {MkLk sk rnLw kzu uh uh Mku kWz
sLk
: kkku

- fukhku
e
:
- fukxkkU
:Mku
Mkefh
khykhke,
nI, Lkhkke
fhku
nI, rke
kku n{U
kze
SPRAT : DO
NOTnkuCOPY
k
SPRAT
NOTkuCOPY
SPRAT
DO nku
NOT
NOTMkuCOPY
kfeV
ke ni -Lk?
nku:e DO
{U sk
Mkzf -[ku
kukkU: kh
e COPY
fu htk VU-
fkuSPRAT
nI. n{U: DO
k[kLk
:
:hne
{ki
:f
ykk
:
yiMku
rnLwy
kutMku rfkk
ni yki
h nh
{wLkkrMkk
u kh n{
Lku WLfu
rkV
WXkE
ni.
LkuNOT
ku COPY
rnLw k
Mkku[ku : nkU
snktCOPY
rnLw-
yfMkheke
{U yu- fkSPRAT
{Ms
nkuNOT
, [tCOPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
DOkuNOT
SPRAT : DOykkke
NOT COPY
: DO
{wMk{kLk
h nkUyki
kuh
Mku V@fe
ku k
WLfu fkLkkU{
ut Xw
tMke:
hne nku
sk
:
h kzu
:
-ykLk
yi: M
rkAe hkk EBkunkLk fe kikhe {U ku LkskLk uh Mku Mkkuu nkU. h{kLk {U Mknuh fu ru {kEf fu
sheu skkLku fk kku f{ Mku f{ n{U fkuE sk Lkn Lkh ykkk. ykih ku e yks fu kih {U sk
: - : - : - :
fu nh fkuE ykLku ykLku ytks{U yk{ofk yunku{k{ fh Mkfkk ni. ykh n{khe u Mkk nfokU
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
: DOkkkU
NOTwCOPY
SPRAT
: DOniNOT
wYMk
nI kku
rnLw-
ykuSPRAT
tfe e Mkk
YMk nI-.ykh
u Vo
n{khuCOPY
ru -kkukuSPRAT
Vo ni: DO
WLfuNOT
ru.COPY
:

L: kek
ni

:
{wf:
ykh
EMk{U
n{khe
{ko
kku WMk{U
WLfe.
LkrMkVo
EMk
ru fun{ EMk
fe yfek
{u nINOT
kfuCOPY
EMk ru
e fu w: DO
ykfe
yki-hnwSPRAT
fwfw Ekk
kfku
, hun- {kw
yk{eLk
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
: DO fu
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOTfeCOPY
WB{k
nku
L
ku
fu
Lkkku
,
n{
ku
{e
VhkE
ykE
nku
ku
nI
.
kw
h
kE
{U
{w
f
kkk
fhLku
fu
ku
n{
: - : - : - :
ykh
Mk{khe,
w
fe,
s{nw
h
e
kw
V
ku
kw
ki
h
k
Mku
fk{
U
kku
Lkkesu
yAu
ykyu
t
ku
,
k
f{
y f{ nkkk ykkh nkuLku Mku k[Uku. EMk khn {wLkh ykih rkhu nwyu {wykhu{U yuf
: - : - : - :
wkkh {knku kik nku Mkfukk. u n{khu ru sYhe e ni ykih ukk e k EMk{ Mkk{ke
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
fk {nk
Lkn -ni
? SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: EMk
n{U
:
: n{
u
rsBLk{U
kze
we nku
hne ni,sk
hnu nI fu fw
A
{Mkkrs
fu E{k{,
fwA NOT
{kikLkk
kn
rfkLku:ne
kUCOPY
Lk nkU-,
WLfe
kkkkU:fDO
k iNOT
h {f{
nI, kfu
A kkuCOPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- kuSPRAT
DOf{
NOT
SPRAT
COPYfhLku
- ku
SPRAT
: DO fwNOT
w
L
e
kke{
fe
kw
h
ku
h
rn{kk{U
Wkh
ykyu
nI
.
{i
kLk{u
t
fk{
fhLku
ku
nI
.
yt
k
u
S
kZLku
: - : - : - : ku
skuh u hnu nI. nwkw kLke Mku swze {wrn{kU{U hef nku hnu nI ykih hef nkuLku fe khkek ykihkU
fku u hnu nI. ykih WMfk kkeh kn yMkh e kz hnk ni. sk sk u fk{ rku fu ru Lkn
: - : - : - :
kfu r fe ykk kh nkukk ni kku WMkfk knkuk yAk yMkh e kzkk ni.
: r{e
- {MkkE{U
: EMkknkk
- : - :
yuf yki
kukk :niDOMkwNOT
kh fk
n{khe
r{e :ske
{wkkf.
EMk{U: DO
knkuNOT
k MkuCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- h SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOTMkuCOPY
- SPRAT
Mkwkhfe sYhk ni. ykih yiMku Mkwkh fE {wM{ {w{krf {U nkuLkk wY nku [wfu nit. {MkLk fMkhku
ysk (kkueku{e, fE rkekt) k[kUfe f{MkeLke{U ke fh uLkk, kLkkLke {LkMkwkk kte
kihk. EMk fku n{ ykLku {nke {k{kk {U Mk{Lku fu ku EMfku fwkq Lk fhLku Mku
: - : - : - :
EMk{ ykih {wMk{kLkkUfe u YMkE nku hne ni WMk kh kkih fhU. EMk fu kkw nkuLku Mku r{ku
SPRAT : DO
NOTVkkU
COPYku-
COPY -n{khe
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
NOTku,COPY
Mk{kS
kkiSPRAT
h fhU. u: DO
Mkku[NOT
U fu {nk
skekU
fku kuCOPY
nkh kLkkLku
fu ru
ykyu
:
-rhkMkk
:fku
khkk
fhLku
fu
ru
Lkn.
n{
ne r{x
kyukku
fkiL: k
n{khe
{nke
Mkt
kukk?
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
184
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
Vi
: M
n{U
:
, kw: f

r:k
yki
kkUfu
whhMkLkkkEs
k ku
uLkhhU.
r{Mk
eo, xw
rLkek,
kfu
{u
h
kkrfMkkLk
fu {nke
rhVku
{oM fk: {w
kkkyk
fhU yki-hykLku
keAzu
fku kkkyu
t. : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY -
SPRAT
DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DOMkkkekU
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
yuf ykih {hk
Uf
u rsMkkhn
n{EMk{
h {wMk{kLkkU
fu kkhu
{U Mkne
:
:n{
: yki
{kuV Mk{kLku fu ru rnLwykutMku kkwfkk WMkkh fhU, WLnU ykLke kke{kk Mku ykkkn fhU,
Xef WMke khn n{ e rnLw {k, siLk {k, rMk ykih EMkkE {nk fu kkhu {U ykLku k[kU fku
: - : - : - :
kwrLkke kke{ U, kkkyut WLkfu {snke VMkVk ykih ykr{u yVfkh fu kkhu {U. EMk Mku kzk
SPRAT
: DOuNOT
- snkt
SPRAT
NOT COPY
- kkU
SPRATfe: DO
NOT
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
Vkk
nkuCOPY
kk fu n{
WLk: DO
{nkkU
fku {kLkLku
{skw
hekUCOPY
fe kkeh
kn: DO
Mk{
kkU
:
-kzLku

- knu

:
ku n
sYhk
kh :{w
yki
h kske
Mke
n{ WLk
Mku fh
kkUku
. kwA: eu
fu yu
f
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
NOTykk
COPY
- fk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY
-
: DO
rnLw
kuNOT
Mk fkuCOPY
fkE- fhLku
fu ru: DO
ykh
neMk
nkk
U k
Mk{e
ru
fkLktSPRAT
fu rfMke
fkiNOT
COPY
fku
ku
n
hkU
kku
rfMk
fk
yMkh
WMk
fu
snu
L
k
{U
kk
kzu
kk?
yki
h
ykkfk
Vkk
rfMk
Mku
kk
: - : - : - :
nku: kk?
n{khe- {wSPRAT
hk Lkn: DO
fu ykLke
rLkkg
kiXU.,: ykLke
kunCOPY
[kLk -ku ki
XU. rku
SPRAT
DOWMk
NOTMkuCOPY
NOT COPY
- ku
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO fk
NOT COPY
Lkn kfu Mk[u r Mku fk{ fhU. rnLw Lkk{ h U siMkk fu yks f kwshkk fu kks {wMk{kLkkut{U
: - : - : - :
VuLk k {skwhLk [ kzk ni. (hksw, kkkw, MkkuLke. ykih yiMki Lkk{ kkkk {MkunkLk hu
Lku ku nI) EMk Mku n{U Mkg EgukV ni. n{ ykLk yso fhUfu EMk Mku Lk ykk rfMke fku E{uLkkLk
rk
:
ykLkk
: knVVw

M:kkh
Mkfku
nI.Lk {wMkfLk
kZk Mkfku
nI.: {I
ykLkk
Lkk{n{Uk Egu
fu Mkkk
SPRAT
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY - MkuSPRAT
NOTfuCOPY
- fuSPRAT
NOT COPY
yu{: DO
.yu[NOT
. iCOPY
nh Mkk
rfk : fhkk
kk VMkkkk
kunu. : kwDO
shkk
VMkkkk
kk :{UDO
yk
k fh
rkk
nwt fu
ykhEMkfeMk
kku {UwkkLku
kikh
nwt yki
h
ykLku
: Lkk{fku
Vi
:
r{Lke
: ni

:
nkkk
Mku
{w
f
kkk
fhLku
fe
nkw
{fw
h
fku
e
fYt
kk.
Lkn,
{U
fku
E
knkw
h
ELMkkLk
Lkn
nw
t, COPY
rLkzh Lkn, kzk f{uh ELMkkLk nwt, urfLk kMk EMk k ne kne fkhVh{k ni u ykk fu
: - : - : - :
r{U e ni. ykLkkLku fe. ykLke kun[kLk kLkku hLkufe krn rVkhe ni. nkktfu {U yuf
hu&krMx nwt ykih {uhk rkfw e u kk Lkn fu {U {snke {wMk{kLk nwt. urfLk rnLwMkkLke
{w
:
fk
yu
:
-
:V
M{
kunekku
fkVk
f Akux
k Mkk krhMk
{U
enw:t.
ykih EMk
khk
kkihkh
fhkk
SPRAT
hSPRAT
: DO ni
NOT
COPY
- kkuSPRAT
DOLkn
NOTAku
COPY
nwt.:{wDO
u fiNOT
Mku huCOPY
nLkk niyki
k fhLkk
EMfk
ViMkk
kzek: kh
zwtkk.- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
r{Mxh ykih {kie- kykwLku E~kuhkf
kkk nku hne ke n{khu yth EMkn fe. EMk rMkrMku{U rsMk fk rs kkh kkh n{ fh
[wfu nI ku u fu n{khu {nke hunLkw{kykutfku MkkLMk ykih ekh se Ww{ Mku krfV fhkLkk,
SPRAT
: DOyki
NOT
COPY{w- ~
SPRAT
COPY Mkt
-
: DO
WLkfk
h n{khk
kfko
Vso ni: .DO
kkfuNOT
ku COPY
eLk yki-
h wSPRAT
rLkk {U: DO
yufNOT
wkkh
k{SPRAT
kik fh
MkfUNOT
. COPY
(u
:
h:) - : - : - :
fwku {U
Eku-
nkuSPRAT
kt: DO
kikNOT
fhU COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
COPY
Lkkkyu
Lkkfw
M
k{U
kkt
ku
yt
ki
k
fhU - :
: - : - :
: - : - : - :
yiMkk fhLku fu ru snkt {snke hunLkw{kykutfu ykku kZkLkk nkukk, n kh kuVu&Mk

fku, {wM{ kke{ kVkk kunMke fwLktkkLk fku e. ykih skk {n u nku fu kuLkkUfe
MkknekU fki{ fu fk{ ykyut. EMk {U {kkLkk, ELfMkkh, khk~k [kneu, Mkk ykih khk~kk fk
{kk
:
Lkko

: nku

:
kMkt
:
[kneu
yMkh
Wxk
kk.
kkkihu kMk n{
rk
(ykke
) {wM
k{kLkkU
Mku yso
: - : - : - :
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kuhnu
kku ykk
ykLkk
Mkk.rVh
yunMkkLk
fiM:kk?DOrfMk
kh?
kfu-
wt SPRAT
Mkku[eu :fuDO
ykkfk
A fk{- kuSPRAT
fh hnu: nIDO
. yiNOT
Mku k
{U -e
kf :Mkkrn
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
NOT fwCOPY
COPY
fk
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
k{kkE
kLkuhneukk?
fu
:
(u
:h:)
- : - :
Mkkrn fu k{kkE nh zwkLku ku kh
yVMkkuMk kku fhku nI, E{k Lkn fhku
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- n{
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: DO fhku
NOT [U
COPY
- kt
SPRAT
NOT COPY
[ku
[ku
{wMk{kLk
fkhfwCOPY
LkkLk Mku- eSPRAT
hkMk
. rsMk
ne Mku: ,DO
rsMk
rsB{u
: khe
-{wMk{kLkkU
:

:
ki
:h
Mku ykk
fu {MkkE
fku WkhU
, WXkyu
t, nku
Mkfu kku
WMkekhn
{wM{
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
SPRAT
f{u
h NOT
kkfkUCOPY
fe khVkhe
ykih: DO
rn{kk
{U e -ykk
kt:DOfhUNOT
. ykiCOPY
h kzk- Vfo
kzkk ni: ,DO
ykiNOT
h COPY
ykksfku kzk
Ykkk
nkrMk
nkukkni, yi
kk fhLku
Mku. {MkLk
sk f~{h{U
fu
ykkfe
:

:
M
:
: rknkh

ku:kwDO
LkknNOT
rnLwCOPY
{sw-hkU fku
Mkhu yk{
f rfk
nhkLkk
yufCOPY
{o kku
fku ufh: DO
rk
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYu
- k
SPRAT
: DOfuNOT
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
kEkU fku {kh rk k { u{U k WrzMkk {U EMkkE yfrkkU kh hnkLku n{u rfu
U k fhk[e {U [[o {wLkn{ fh ru U, k ktku {U {trh kkuzu U, k yVkLkeMkkLk{U
rnLwykutfku kk ke kk fh kknh rLkfLku kh {skwh fh rk k kkr{k kwk siMku
ku
:
z ru
:
: kMkt
, :yki
shh
ykMkkhufe{k kku
U
, k {w
M{u
nk
ku
fwMkwhkzkU,
k[kU
hkkU
fku
SPRAT
: DOk{kU
NOTfk
COPY
- SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO LNOT
COPY
: DO NOT COPY
ykLku
rLkkLkk
kLkkyut :siDO
Mku NOT
{wBkE
{U nk
ne {U WLnkU
ku rfk.
kk-
eSPRAT
ykk ykk
kku rVhykk
fe
Mkkfk
ykkfe
ykks
ke.
rnLwykutMku kwA
eufu: WLnu
kk
WXkyu
: t.
:
-fkukkfk
ku
:
fiM
kkk
ni
sk
khk
{U
ku
MkzfkU
kh,
kkhkU
{
U
,
hu
kkzekU
{
U
,
hu
M
xku
h
Lx{U
{w
M
k{kLkkU
fu
k{
fu
rfkh nkuku nI.
: - : - : - :
k ykkLku so u k{ kMx, unk ykih kw kh ykk WXkE ke? (n{Lku EMk
xuk{U rMkVo 2003 fu kk khkfu ku kw fu kfuykk kr{ rfu nI rsLkfu keAu n{U {wM{
nkk
:

:{kfu
kr{

:
kUf: e
rkE
ukk ni. ku
k{
Lkn rfu
nI rsLnU
n{
rnLwunkMkt
fkhkE
SPRAT
: DOnINOT
- kkSPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
: DO
NOTh,COPY
SPRATni: DO
NOT COPY
{kLkku
. siMCOPY
ku Mk{ku
yuMku
Mk, NOT
{kuCOPY
kkt, hkkn
heV
ys{u
{k-
{Ms,
kkk
hk, yki
h Lkne ku
u
n{U LkMkkExT
Mk fk
kw
rkE
ukk ni
. f~{h
fu kuLkkukhV
fu kw

ki
:
:
:
:
fku
e
n{Lku
kknh
hk
ni
EMk
Mku
)
.
fwA kw
fk
sk
u rk
kkkk fu{w
Mk{kLk
kh
h[u sw{ fk ELku
rk

:
-
:
:
fk{
:
hnk ni. kkteSLku k wk fnk kk fu ykh Mkk fu Mkk ykt fu ku ykt uLku kU kku Mkkhe
wrLkk yte nkuuke! iMkue rMkkMke Mk{khe Mku {wMk{kLk kwAU fu khkfuu ykh Mke rnLw
: - : - : - :
EMke nurLkk fk rfkh nkukyu kku? ykih ykh kks kweMk {uLk fe khn Vkis fu skLk e
SPRAT
: DO
COPYnku-
: DO
: DO
NOT
SPRAT
NOT COPY
kkMMkw
k NOT
fk rfkh
kuSPRAT
kku? k
kkuNOT
hk fuCOPY
MkkLknu- fu SPRAT
kk ku
kw
fkCOPY
ne -sk
e.yu: DO
[.ke.
Lku
:

- Ke
:
Table
12 -: Dehshat
Dahendagi
Waqiat
u
eyu. :
Lkn rk
kk?
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
189COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO -NOT
: - : - : - :
2003-2010 f ukihkLkkhk{ u
Uu
nkntkef u{ w
tkkkf u
y kk
fiMku : Mkkku
{ kn : fnkt y :{
kk {
sYn
:
11
{ k[ o2003
ku
f x
LMk
u
{w
tkE
so
Lkku
U
6
y kMk2004
kufkhkku
Bk
{w
tkE
so
Lkku
U
: - : - : - :
keLkkku
Bk, { MkYVkkhk{U,Uy u
f y n{ ku
nkhfurMkVo
SPRAT : DOyNOT
NOT
2005 -
62 : DO
kw
khCOPY
yu
fSPRAT
rLkf: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT
LkECOPY
u
ne - SPRAT
MkiIf zk
U COPY
u
: - Mxu
y:kih
:{
Lk
{ tehfu
knkh,rnLw
y k
tfuM
u
kkMku
f
w
Mk - :
2006
20 : DO
{
k
[
o
nu
h{ U : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT
khk
LkMke - SPRAT
so
L
kku
U COPY
SPRAT
COPY
NOT
2006
187
800
sw
k
E
k
f
u
x
L
u
M
k
{
t
w
k
E
: - : - : - :
40
50
y kMk2007
yu
f y ku
zexku
he{ y kihy u
f kLku
f ektzefuMkk{ Lku
nikkk
Lku
Bkh2007
fku
xo
f eE{ khkkfUuy kMkkkMk
w
.ke.fu3 u
nhku
U
{u
U13
so
Lkku
U
: - : - : - :
y ktXrMkhe kku
Bk{ kfu- E
LzLk{ w
neeLkLku
SPRAT : DO{NOT
COPY -
SPRAT
: kDO
NOT COPY
65 : DO
E 2008
rsB
{u
khefw
feNOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT

w
sCOPY
kw
h - SPRAT
150
: - y
khe
:
:eLk
ktXrM
kku
Bk
{ kfu
- E
LzL
k{
ne
w
Lku - :
2008
1
7 NOT COPY
kE COPY -
rsB
{u
khefw
feNOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT

w
ku
w
U
Y - SPRAT
SPRAT : DOsw
NOT
SPRAT
: kDO
COPY
: DO
krMk:he
u
kku
B
k{ kfu
- E
LzL
ne
w
kLku - :
: - Mkk
k{
: eL
45
160
sw
kE 2008
rsB{ u
khefw
kw
fe
yu
n{ kkk
22
98
rMkkBkh2008 fE kku
Bk, WBkkkhkU
{U
LkE u
ne
: - : - : - :
Mkktw
f kheu
nkkMktnu
hfu{ w
geVEkfk{UU
,
SPRAT : DOLkNOT
SPRAT
:kh,DO
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
NOT
2008 -
166 : DO
siM
kuMxu
Lk
kksNOT
nku
xCOPY
{U
,yu
f- nw
eh{ U
kihk NOT
u
BkhCOPY
{w
tkCOPY
E
MkiIf zk
U COPY
u
: Vhhe
- s{
:
2010
59
Lkku
o
f:he
khkk
BkkM
u
x
kw
Lkk- 11:
NOT
- Dahendagi
SPRAT : Ke
DOWaqiat
Table
12 -COPY
Dehshat
: - : - : - :
yikuhk Mku rLk{xLkk
ykkfe Mkkhe kwhwqMk r{kk fu kksw ykk kh ke WXkE uke. E{

kku Uku. WLk yikuhk fk {wfkkk fiMku fhU? yfkh Eknkke Lku k Mkh Mki fu kkhu {U
fnk kk fu (uh:)
: - :
fku
:
r{kk
- :
rk
rk{kLku
kuhu rku
COPY
SPRAT
kkk
rk-
fu fhku
nI w: DO
t fhLkuNOT
kuCOPY
fk{ - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
{kt sk
fku w: DOrkkke
ni kku -fe
fe ku
EMkuNOT
kkUCOPY
{khkk
, {kh :{ktDOWMku
wCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- k[u
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
- niSPRAT
NOT
uLkk kt Lkn fh uke, WMk Mku kh kt Lkn fhke n{U rVkhkLku ykLke {kykutfu sheu ne Mkkf
rMkkk ni. sk ykkLku ykLku k[kU fku u Mku xe.e. Mku nxk fh kZkE fe khV {hfws fhkku nI
kku k u ykkfku kMkt fhku nI? ykkfe kkheV fhku nI? ykh n{ yikuhkkk Mku zh U kku fk{
:
:
yki
:
fU
:
ne Lkn
fh
kkUku,ykh
E~f
Mk[k,nuLkMkkV
h rLkk
Lkufni kkurVh
kU?
rfMkfu
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
190
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
rkV
: yi
-Lkn

yke{u
:
-yikuh
:
kuhkkk
WXu? :wr
Lkkkh
kku wrLkk kh
eLk
fu rkV
ks Lkn
WXku
?
k: DO
wNOT
kikBkhu
EMk{
fku rnshk
Lkn fhLke
rfMk rMkkMkkkt
rfMke- {wMkrkV
SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYkze?
- SPRAT
: DO NOTk
COPY
SPRATfu :rkV
DO NOT COPY
Lkn WXe?
k :n{
Mku krkkt
Lkn
nku
k? kku
rVh k
kze
kkkykh
E n{
ku
ykk
:
-ykih
fku
:
yikuhk fhkk ni? nkt, ku Mke LkkiEk fu n{kU{U Lk k U, u fkVe ni. hitting below the
belt Lk nku u fkVe ni. kk{ehe kLkfe fu ru n{Uk kwtkE Vhkn{ nkuLke [kneu. wMkhe khV
: - : - : - :
yiMkk e Lk nkufu yikuhk fhLku ku kku rkhkx fe EMk Mkknut fku kkMk fhku hnu nI ykih ykk
SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
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yki:hDO
n{NOT
k{ku
k{kkE
kLku ki
Xu uNOT
ku hnU
. EMk- khn
fk{:fhLku
kkUCOPY
fe rnB{k
xwx u: DO
ke. NOT COPY
:
Lku {snk
:
fk
:
ykkfu
{kuykhueLk: fw
A yi
Mku enkutku rsLnkU
fk, {wf fe r{k
rkkk
SPRAT
NOTnkuCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
: DO NOT
fSPRAT
yku:ZDO
u hk
. ykkfku
ku skkke
EMkuCOPY
nMkk-
fhUSPRAT
ku. rfhkh
fwe COPY
fhUku. -u
{uE: DO
fhUNOT
ku, COPY
Mkk
khn{k
ku. skrkkk
kh Wkh
ykyu
tku. nkt
kffu {w{rfLk
ykkfe
ykkfe
:
:fhU
ni: fu
ELfkke
kunCOPY
hef fku- kkLku
fu ru
ykk
{snke
~{Lke fk: DO
n{k
fhCOPY
rk -u
kk. yki:hDO
yiMNOT
kk COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
NOTku COPY
- wSPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
n{k ku w e fh Mkfku nI ykih ykihkU Mku e fhk Mkfku nI. nkt kf fu fwA rfhku fu {wMk{kLk
Mku ku ykkfu EMk{ ykih {wM{ {kunkk ykih ykkfu wqMk kh e Mkeu rLkkLku kk Mkfku
nI. ykkfku nw fk ykh.yuMk.yuMk. fk yusLx fun Mkfku nI. kwhkuh skkke kfhehU fhfu u
ykkfku
: {w

:
WLk
:
ykhu
{U YMkk
fhLku
fe fku
r fhU
ku. urfLk
fe ekU
{U sLk
f{nku:kk,
nhkhk
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DOkr{
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY
- nku
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
kk.
ykih COPY
WLk LkkkU
{U ku e
nkUku rsLnU
kkuze Mke
ytNOT
kuS e
ykke
, fwA :MkkLMk
E{
e hku
nkU
, kfu
Mku y
kZu ru
h kk
nkuku :nI
, kU
rf
fk
:
yi
:
-Lkk
kku: yki
khLkkf
-
ku
yt
k
u
S
fk
EMku
{
k
fhku
nI
yt
k
u
S
fku
WkzLku
fu
ru
,
MkkLMk
fk
EMku
{
k
fhku
nI
MkkLMk
fku
YMk fhLku fu ru. EMk khn fu LkkkU Mku kMkrnB{k nkuLku Mku kunu u kwAU fu WLk fe ykLke
: - : - : - :
Mkkr{k (ELxkexe) k ni? WLnkULku k k fk{ rfu nI fki{ fu ru. WLk fk kke {wVk k
ni EMk yikuhk fu keAu. fn rMkVo yAe {kfuoxk fhfu ykLkk Lkk{ kku Lkn kLkk hk ni WLnkULku?
fn
:
niM: kek
u
kMk
:
yiM
kk kku Lkn
fu WLkfe
ykkMk{
hnunIku:
kkU fu rkU
{Ue ku Lkn,
rkk
SPRAT
DOhkUNOT
COPY
- rfU
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
ni.:yki
fe rMkVo
r{
, rLkfkLkk
WLnUCOPY
ykkk- ni, SPRAT
k WLnku: LDO
ku fwANOT
fhfuCOPY
e rkk
ni :kfE?
EMk ki{kLku
ku kwhu Lkn
Wkhku
kku ehu
ehuku
h WLk{U
Vfou
ne: U
ku. n{U
ykh
: ku
:
k ykk{U
: yki
yki
h
ykkfku
ykh
ykLke
fki
{
Mku
,
ykLku
{w
f
Mku
Mk[k
kk
nu
,
ELMkkLkek
Mku
Mk[k
kh
ni COPY
h n{U
feLkni fu n{u
hnu
nI kur feMk[kE
Mku fh
hnu nIkku n{I
{wfkkk
fhLkk
yki
:
: fh
:

:
nkukk WLk {wykhuSLk fk, k Lkshytks fhLkk nkukk WLk fu yikuhkut fku. WLk {U Mku fwA kfE
{kMkw{ kufwMkwh nI. kuukLk Mku ku yikuhks fh hnu nI. siMku fu nhk EMkk Lku hik hk kk fu
: - : - : - :
wk ELnU {kV fh, kUfu u Lkku Lkn fu u k fh hnu nI. ykk e u fun kwhU fu: (uh:)
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
DO
- ne
SPRAT
k hk
nkt- {kuSPRAT
r{Lk fk: kw
NOT
hk eCOPY
Lkn - SPRAT
fkrVh :neDOhnwNOT
tkk fkuCOPY
E [khk
Lkn : DO NOT COPY
:

:
:
nkuLkk {U ykh
[knw
t {wMk{kt
Mk[k
uw:x
u {wMk{kt
fkukkhkneLkn.
: - : - : - :
rskLkk WLnU nf ni fki{ fe r{k fhLku fk, fki{ fe khV Mku kkuLku fk, fki{ fu kkhu {U
Mkku[Lku fk, rV fhLku fk ykih ykLke Mkkrnk fu {wkkrkf fk{ fhLku fk, WLkk ne ykkfku ni. WMk
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- EMk
SPRAT
DOMkuNOT
Mku :kk
k f{
Lkn.
ru:WLk
fun COPY
eSu-. SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
Efk{kk
- 191COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT
: (fu
n{khu
:
: fe
Lk : kkhu
{U
ykkMku
kwLkknkU
fekkskwMkoLkn
ke,
n{Mkuykkfu
kwAk
uNOT
kk - COPY
34:25-).uSPRAT
kku ku :ku
k NOT
nI rsLnkU
Lku -nshk
kn: rw
kn
kf -fkuLknet
kk.
rVhCOPY
SPRAT : DO
DO
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DOkku
NOT
ykk
ykihn{ rfMk
uk :fe
{we
nI? n{
fk{fhU
kku: EMk
fu n{khu
fku kVe
ke ni.
:

ru
-r

: nku
ehu ehu ku kuk e ykkfu rn{kke nku Uku rsLnkULku wY {U yikuhkkk rfu. ykk fe Mkkfk
fu ku fkE nku Uku. ykih nkt, ykkk k heu fu {w{rfLk ni ykk ykih n{ ykLku fk{ fu
: - : - : - :
kihkLk kfE kkekt e fh hnu nkU. n{ e kku Mke hnu nI. ykLku kswkkok Mku, ykLke kkekU
SPRAT : DO
NOTfh
COPY
SPRAT
- tkuSPRAT
NOTkkeekU
COPY - fuSPRAT
DO NOT
Mku Mke
n{ -ykLku
{tMkw:kkUDO
fku NOT
kunkhCOPY
kLkkyu
. ykih {w: DO
LkkrMkk
sheu: ykLku
fk{COPY
:
EMkru
: snkt
nku
:Mkfu
: kkk
Mkw
fku kk
{kuyMMkh.
kf{w{rfLk
fkLk
wu hru kske
LkLku fu
SPRAT : DO
LSPRAT
NOT COPY
- fk{
SPRAT
ruNOT
, rCOPY
kzk, -nu
k kih {w:DO
kyrMkk,
kkfu ykk
he: DO
hNOT
MkfU. COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ku
M
kku
,
kw
s
w
kku
O
yki
h
k[kU
,
{U
EMk
rkkk
fku
nkt
{
skke,
Mke
: - : - : fhLku
-hnk
nw:t.
ytNOT
ks{U COPY
{iLku EMk
YykkCOPY
fe ke
h Mke
ksne
{U -EMk
fku {
SPRAT : DO
- rkkk
SPRAT :fe
DOwNOT
- yki
SPRAT
: DOyt
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DOfhLku
NOTfeCOPY
Ek [knwtkk. {U yuf {k{we Mkk k{khu {wMk{kt nwt, ELMkkLk kuMk ELMkkt nwt. kwshkk fu
: - : - : - :
VMkkkk Lku ekh kfuykkfu {wfkku{U {wu kk {wkkMMkh rfk, ykih f{k-nTffnw nkMkkkMku
rLk{xLku fu ykihkU fu Mkkk {ILku e fkur fe. urfLk {U yuf hu~krMx nwt. kskek ykih yfrk
:
Vi
: M
nw : ni
nw:t,
fe kw
rLkk
kh ykLku
ku fhkk
t ykih krnh
fu krkkt
e fhkk
ykih
ykLke
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- rsB{u
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
NOT ni
COPY
- {wSPRAT
DO NOT COPY
kkekU
fe k{k{
khe
fwNOT
kw e
fhkk- nwt.SPRAT
{kh :{wDO
u kh
ykLku
f Mku, :ELMkkLkek
Mku, rnLw
ykutMku kkki
u kMk
{wMk{kLkkU
Mku. kUfu {Ikk
t {wM{
{kunkU
nMkkLk
:
h
:
: kZk
nw
{U
.: kzk
yu
ni
{w
kh
{w
M{
hu
n
Lkw
{
kyku
t
f
k,
{w
M{
rhkMkk
fk.
{U
u
fw
A
nw
t
u
EMke
rhkMkk
fe
i
L
k
ni
. {uhCOPY
u
kriLkfe EMk{e kke{kk fe. [wLkkt[u VMkkkk fu {wkkMMkheLk fe nkkk {wMku ue Lk kE.
: - : - : - :
ykLku ytksMku {U WLfe r{k fhkk ykk nwt. EMk khn fu {r{ fu rkAu Awke snurLkk fku
{U ykLkk Mkne {wM{ w~{Lk {kLkkk nwt. ykih [wtfu ELMkkrLkk fu ke[fe MkhnU {wu Lkn kk
:
{w
M:k{kLkkU

:
yki

EMk
ru kuhu snkt
kh nun ykih ekh
khek
h sYhk
{t: kU
fu Mkkk
e
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- niSPRAT
NOTkhCOPY
DO
COPY - Egu
SPRAT
: DO
NOTnI.COPY
kkMkke
nku ke
ykih {w: DO
u EMk
weni. SPRAT
ykk fku: {w
NOT
Mku Lksrhkke
kV nku
Mkfku
EMk
rkkk
{U kkhnk
ykkfk
rwkk
nkukk.:
fE kkh
{uhe kkkU ykk
rkhkt
kwshe
:
{I:Lku
kh
:
nku
t
ke.
feLkLk
w
{u
h
u
rfhkh{U
knku
k
Mke
k{ekt
,
knku
k
Mke
kkekt
nkU
ke.
w
{U
ykLkuCOPY
funLku
kh y{
nwy
k Lk kkk
kk.
[kuh :e
u fu
n Mkfkk
ni fu[ku
hefhLkk
kwh
e [es
:
- fhkk

:
-sk

:
ni kku {U rMkfu r Mku f fYtkk.
kuhnk ykkMku hkMk u nu fu ykk Lkh ytk fh u fe {I fkuLk nwt fiMkk nwt ykuh
: - : - : - :
RMkkh kkih Vh{kyu fu {uLku k yo fek RMk{u Mku fne fne fkuR fkuR kkk ykk fu e fku Yh
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DOneMMku
NOT COPY
-
SPRAT
DOhNOT
- {uSPRAT
DO NOT
k NOT
kR nku
ke WMkfku
uu kkfe
fku Lkhyt
k fhu: yki
{wU COPY
{kV fhu
kkkuhu:kMk
{kVeCOPY
:
-
:
fu:
kku
:
[knw
tkk {nke
hun
Lkw{kyku
Mku W{kyu
RMk{Mku
{uhu rkkk
{u fneWLnu
neLku {nk
ekR
ke nku -kku ku
yVk
Lkhyt
fu {u:hDO
u r{e
h fku-{e SPRAT
ku fku
uhNOT
u kkihCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOTuCOPY
SPRAT
: DO fku
NOT
COPY-k
fh
SPRAT
NOT yku
COPY
: DO
hu
kfu
{w
{
feLk
nku
kku
{u
h
e
fkkeu
fw
kw
ke
fe
w
e
kkR
fhu
Vhk
ee
Mku
{uhe
: - : - : - :
nkuMkk yVkR fhu {u WLkfu RMk kufe e Mku f fkkt
{uhe EMk khn fe r{xMk{U knkuk Mku {wMk{kLk r{xk fu kk ykfu {w Mku ku r{ku
: - : - : - :
nI. knkuk Mku kku hku kzku nI. funku nI fu ykkLku n{khu r fe kkkU fn. n{ e wt ne Mkku[ku ku. n{
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
192
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
yu
:
r{ku
: kfu
: fhku

:
f wMkhu
Mku rMkVo
ku Lkn
yuf wMkhufkuhk^k
nI.u kfhkh,
ne
EkuV
kfu
hk: DO
{U kkh
MkwL- kkk
nwt urfLk
rVhNOT
{wCOPY
u yVMkku-
Mk SPRAT
nkukk ni: fuDOLku
kU
, ku -kuSPRAT
k u n{khe
SPRAT
NOTkkh
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY
: DO ne
NOT COPY
Mkku
[ku nI,n kkkU
Mk fu
nku kU
Lkn.k
u kh:
h:) :
khn
:
skkLk
:
kfki
:
(u
kMkt ni u {we n{U kso u nifu
hku r Mku Lk ykkkn nku skkt {uhe
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOTfne
COPY
: DO fku
NOT COPY
{uhuCOPY
EMk rkkk
fk kwr:Lkke
{kLk
EMke-
khn
fe r{xMk{U
ykih-
MkwLSPRAT
ke nwE kkkkU
Rfk
: fhfu
-kk

:
-
: nw
fu: yk{{U

kLkkk
ni.rVh
WLkkh
f{knnw
kVke
E. [w
tfu kMke
fMk{kMkeo
,
SPRAT
: DO
NOTnwy
COPY
SPRAT
: DOnkkk
NOT COPY
- nwSPRAT
NOT COPY
ELku
nkENOT
f{ COPY
Mknw-kkUfuSPRAT
Mknkhu: uDOfk{
k, yki-
h Lkk
{MkkE
fu ke[
yk,fE: DO
E{e
Mkhs
nkukE
nkUke.:
fr{kt
hun kE
nkut
ke.
uu: ykkfu
E{ {Uyk#khku
hkkLke
krkkt
:

:{nu
n{khu
kEu
kk.SPRAT
{U y{
ynuCOPY
{ek- ukkSPRAT
nwt fu rskLkk
n{COPY
Mku nku -Mkfkk
nku n{
. COPY
SPRAT
: DOE{
NOT{UCOPY
-
: DOfkuNOT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOfhUNOT
kfeh fu Mknkhu kiXu hunLku fku {it {wMk{kLke Lkn Mk{kk kU fu: (uh:)
kkeh fe Mku sh Mku kfeh hMkkt nkuke ni
fwhk e fh{ Vh{kke ni, sk fkuru ELMkkt nkuke ni
:
MkkuV: h
Lkn.
:ykLke
Mke
yk{o
[uh rVku
LkkMku
n ykihkyu

kLku hu: n
Lkk {w
u knkuk kkk
SPRAT
DO fhLku
NOT fku
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
- kykw
SPRAT
: DO NOTnkuCOPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
fkur:
{U ykLkk
Vso Mk{kk
nwt.COPY
ykkfk
Lk {MMkh
kk kku- EMk
fk{ fku: DO
ykku
fkurfYtkk.
ykk
kh {wLknrMkhni
fu ykk
EMk
rkkkfku kZLku
fu kk
k{ku

kZkLku
: fe
yk
u
:
:

:
ki
X
ku
nI
k
kkrnB{k
ykku
kZku
nI
.
EMk{U
Mku
u
kkkU
ykkfku
kMkt
yk#
WLk
fku
ykku
kZkLku
fu ru. kUfu yk fki{ fku {n k{ku k{kkE ykih ykhk{ kMkt y Lkkrf Lkn, kfu
: - : - : - :
{wrn ykih fk{ fhLku ku hfkh nI. {U ykLke rkMkkk fu {wkkrkf kkuze Mke fkur fh hnk nwt.
kh fwkwu yVk ETku Vo!
:
-Mkuykk
n{khk
: kykw
kheLk
:
fE khn
Lkfh Mkfku
nIk{u
, ehn{u
, MkwLku, y
kku
u
SPRAT
: DO n{U
NOTk
COPY
-
SPRATki:DO
SPRAT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DOn{u
NOT
fu ykk
rU
. ykLkk
kk{u NOT
ih wCOPY
kke- n{U
ELkkk: DO
fhU.NOT
n{khe
kkekt
e ykk
t COPY
t. EMk
fkuykku
kZkLku
fu ru
, urfLk
ykkfu
EMk
kk{
fe
sYh
: kkkyu
-fk{

:
-{hu
ELkkk
: fhU

: ki
n{U
kze
sYhk
ni
.
EMk
Mku
n{khe
kze
nki
M
kk
yVkE
nku
ke.
kkki
h
u
kMk
ykh
ykk
rMkkMke
Lkw{k
nkU, {nke
hunLkw{k: nkU
, Mkkneku
nkU, Mkkrnku
yMkh nkU. kn
ykk
fkuE nkU
,
hu
:n
E{ku
- VLk

:

:
ELke sun{k sYh kkhk fhU fu n{khe EMk fkur fu ku ku Mkkh nkuMkk yVkE fu sYh
rU. nku Mkfkk ni fu (ykk ksun kkih kh {Lkk Lk fhU.) ykkfe u hk EguMkkh fu Mkkk EMk
: - : - : - :
rfkkk fe kneh ykih EMfu yku yurzLk {U sYh EMku{k fe u.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -kMkt
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- EMk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTknkU
COPY
SPRAT
u rkkk
ykk: DO
nku kku
ykk
fku kku
fku yki
hkU kf
[kLku- fk
yunku{:k{DOfhUNOT
. COPY
ykkfe
: Vh{kE
rkkk
: fk
skkLkkU
: {U
:
khEMk
rnLeykih
ekh
kswo{krfk
Mkfkk
ni. ykk
e: DO
yiMkeNOT
kuCOPY
fMk fh-
Mkfku
nI. q: tDO
kku NOT
Mux COPY
fu fE -{tMkwSPRAT
ku nI rsLkfk
rs COPY
n{ kun-
u SPRAT
e fh :[wDO
fu nINOT
. COPY
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
u
r
fLk
MkkE
fe
f{e
n{khu
knku
k
Mku
{t
M
kw
kkU
kh
y{
fhLku
Mku
n{U
hku
f
u
ke
ni
.
ykh
ykk
: - : - : - :
ykkh Lku nI, {wMkrkV nI kku ykkhkU{U hMkkE{U EMk rkkk fk rs fhU. {w{rfLk nku kku
Mfw, fkuus ykih wrLkMkxekt EMku yMkkkk ykih kkk{U kfMke{ fhU. ftkLkekt ykih MkLkyke
: - : - : - :
hkLku ykLku ykLku {wk{eLk, zehkU ykih kknfkU {U kktxU ykih yunu {k yVhk kuMkkU {U.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
y{e
Efk{kk
193COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO -NOT
:

: f{k
kh
yki
:
- fk

EMke
ru kku n{Lku
EMfe
khe
rzMfkWLx
h knkVe
rzehe
yun ku: {
k{ e
rfk
ni. EMke
ykuz-ku Mke.ze.
WLne
kkU -fuMkkk
{wni: DO
k ni NOT
ykih COPY
ku e- rLkMV
f{k: DO
kh.NOT
(kCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT fe
COPY
SPRATe
: DO
NOTMknw
COPY
SPRAT
SPRAT
yk
e nkt
u nk
nifu EMkrfkkkfe
yuf ki
Mku fehkuxe
krkV fe
suk
:
fhLke
: sYhe
:
e
{w:M
{U Lkn uke?)
n{U kku kMk u [kneu fu {wM{ {wykhk ELk {MkkE ku kkih fhu, ELk kh w fu
: - : - : - :
knuMk nku. ykLke yfu Mke{ Mku w ViMku fhU n{Lku kku kMk yikku w{kh ku rfu nI. fwA
SPRAT : DO
NOTuCOPY
SPRAT
: DO ku
NOT
SPRAT
- ykh
SPRAT
: DO
NOTLCOPY
nfefkU
n{khe- Lksh
{U yk#
kuCOPY
fe nI-.
kku
rV: uDO
Lkk NOT
[knkuCOPY
nI n{.
ykk
kykw
k
:
ku:S
:EMku

:
fhU kku
u fk{
rLkMkkLk
Mku nku
kkukk ykihykh
kMkt
fhLku
fu kksw
ykk
k{ku
hun
SPRAT : DO
COPYeSu
- SPRAT
- fk
SPRAT
: DOkkyu
NOT t.COPY
UNOT
ykihCOPY
fwA Lk- fhUSPRAT
kku rVh: DO
n{UNOT
Ek
fu n{: DO
ykkNOT
khCOPY
ku rnMke
Rk{
ykh
n{khu
yVk
Lku
yki
h
hr{kLk
yVkLku
ykkfku
{w
kkMMkh
rfk
kku
rVh
yk
ykk
fe
: - : - : - :
kkheNOT
ni ykk
WXkLku fe:
h:)COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY f{
- SPRAT
: DO(u
NOT
kneku ykke nkt nI, {kur{Lkku {wM{ nkt
: - : - : - :
{wfku ni hfkh urfLk Ef hVefu k{ kwMkkh
: yku
-
:{U
r{Lk
: fu

:{
MkVnkk
{uhu YVfkyu
fkh, n{khu
kkhu {U
, n{khe
ktS
Mux
fu kkhu
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY -{t
: DO{UNOT
- SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
{U, yki
h n{khu
MkwSPRAT
kkU fu kkhu
fwA COPY
Ekukykk
Vhkn{: DO
fhUNOT
ku. ykku
yu-f(u
s) yn{Lkk{k
(fkuz
ykuVErkMk)
e
rfk kk
khke
Mk{kLkkU
furu. yki
h n{
Mku {wh
kMkuk
:

:kr{

-ni
: {w
ykihNOT
ykkMku
hM{u- kwVSPRAT
kukw kLkkyu
hLkuCOPY
fe hkn- eSPRAT
kkkE: kE
ni.s COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
: DO NOT
DO NOT
ykkfu EMk f{ku Mkkku knB{w fu ru ykkfk knu r Mku {fwh nwt ykih WB{e fhkk
nwt fu {wM{ {wykhk fe hkk fe kkhefekU fku Vk fhLku ykih yuf Mkwknu Lkki fku w yk{e
funLku {U ykk ykih n{ r{ fu ykku kZUku. EMfu ru hfkh fwkkoLkekt utku. y{u {wMk{kt
:
: f
-
:
skLk
nku [wfk nkukkuki
fnut,
nV rSu
yki
h ykku
kZeu
: (uh:) :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DOku
NOT
- hskk
SPRAT :niDO
NOT COPY
MknuCOPY
h rsMkMku
rkMkkLku
sw- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
nkukeni ktyu{kur{Lkfe
Mku kik :
: - :
: ykt
: - : - : - :
kksw
n{kzu w
nI fu
ELkeMkkhe Lku
{kkU :n{U
{wn
ik nI.
: Mkkhe
-kfkeV
:fu
LkMkek
:
(ykk ykLku kiMku Mku EMk rfkkk fku he fh, w ykLke yktkUMku, ykLku VLkeo[h kh kiX fh kZ
kku, Lku n{khu rfkLku knuLk kE, ykih WLk siMku nhkU wMkhu ELMkkLk, ELku k {U ykLke
: - : - : - :
ke{kh {kt k k[kU fu ru kE heLku fu ru {swhe fhku hnu nkUku. ykkfku ku Lk fhLkk kzk,
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY -
: DOfkrk
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DOfwNOT
kNOT
WMfkCOPY
wrk- Lkn
[wfkLkk
[knU
ku ykk?)
skSPRAT
n{ EMk
nkUku fu- rfMke
fu ru
A fhCOPY
:
Lkn
: fhku
kku
f{Veo
: kfu
kke
:
Mkfku
nI ykih rVhe
u LkrMkVo n{khe
f{yfe e
nI.
kU fu
n{khe
wrCOPY
Lkk yks
ykh ELke
wkMkwCOPY
hk yki- hSLku
kf
kku EMke
- Mku SPRAT
ni fu n{khu
khCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOni NOT
COPY
: DOkuNOT
fE
ku
kkU
L
ku
yi
M
ke
fw
kko
L
kekt
k.
k
n{
e
EMk
kLkkh
ELMkkLke
ku
n
Ske
Eku
o
f
kE
MkVh{U
: - : - : - :
ykLkk Vso [wfku rkLkk n{Uk yunMkkLk {t kLku hnUku? WXeu ykih ykLkk Vso rLkkLku fu wfwLk
yunMkkMk fku {unMkwMk feSu. ehu ehu u Vso Mku kZ fh kif kLk ukk. n{ ELMkkLk EMke ru
: - : - : - :
funkku nI fu n{ ykLke {So Mku yAkE fhku nI, {skwhe Mku Lkn: (uh:)
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
194
-y{e
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOTEfk{kk
DO NOT COPY
: - : u
sktfk {unh{
ni :fwA
ykih
i ni- :
ELMkkt
fk k{kh
ni :kuDOe
ni COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DOu
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
: - : - : - :
Ek uLku Mku kunu {uhu f{ W{ fkhELk fku yuf Akuxk Mkk kkunVk ku rfu kk nwt.
{uhe kuk Lku {wu k[kLk {U yk{k Ekk fe yuf wk rMkkE ke rsMk ku y{ kku {U Lkn
: - : - : - :
fh kkk urfLk kwLkkwLkk yks e ukk nwt. yk u wk Mfw fu k[u k[u fku k ni. {kh k
SPRAT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOfuNOT
COPY - kh
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
kzu: DO
wNOT
kyuCOPY
. EMk rkkk
fk Eku
kk{ {UCOPY
EMke -kk{kLke
Lkk{U
[t yykh
fhLkk:[knkk
nw
:
- : - : - :
t.
k kuykkeni
wk kLk
fu k{kk
he ske
fe Mkwhk nku w
kk{u: h
e
:
:
{u : {yk

nku {u-h
e khkLku
MkwhNOT
k k COPY
hk - E{
fe {k
nku {wCOPY
fku {ku
nkk
khk
SPRAT : DO ske
NOT COPY
SPRATfe
: DO
SPRAT
: DOMkuNOT
-
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
wh wrLkk fk {uhu { Mku ytuhk nku
nku {uhk fk{ khekkU fe rn{kk fhLkk
nh skk {uhu [{fLku Mku Wk nku

o {tkUMku, EVkU Mku {kunkk fhLkk...
: - : - : - :
ykkfu
: kh
fk: kkkkh
- : - :
ykih {kunkk
: - : - : nMkLk
:
{kun
B{
in
h
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkCOPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO 195
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
: - :
:
- :
rnLwMkkLke {wM
k{kLkkU
fu eu
ynLkk{k
: - : - : - :
w-t fu(u
h:) : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
Mku ni - :
: - : fkhkknu
nMkefe
- ykkY
: y{

Lkko
rMkVoCOPY
{LMkw-
ku fk{
yk :Lkn
NOT
SPRAT
DO Mkfku
: - : - : - :
WLk kuMkkU fu ru rsLnut yuf kkkyu y{, yuf code of ethics hfkh ni n{ yuf
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
: DO
ynLkk{k
pledge
Lk{wLku fu: DO
kkihNOT
kh kuCOPY
fhhnu
nI. ykh
u NOT
WLnU COPY
kMkt ykyu
kku WMfe
kuNOT
LkfCOPY
:
:fhfu
fh:
-kh
kkfu
hku
:
fh
U, u[knU kh{e{
Akk
U, ykih [Mkkt
U ykLku
ykELku
WMfe
k
SPRAT : DO
NOT
SPRAT
NOT
- WLk
SPRAT
: DO
nkLke
nkuCOPY
Mkfu. -kkeLk
Mki:kkDO
{wNOT
h COPY
fku Mki-kk{wSPRAT
ykMk{U: DO
k
U COPY
kku zk^x
fu ru
eNOT
{kiCOPY
w
nkukk.
:
- : - : - :
ykLku
ykk
ykihCOPY
yk{
Mku rLkk
ykiNOT
h y{
{U : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY{U-
SPRAT
: DOMkuNOT
- SPRAT
: DO
COPY -ku
LkkU
SPRAT
o u
kkkkUfk
yikuh: kV
fhkk
nwt, Efhkh
h WLk
kh y{
fe nkw
{fw
h
: su
- fhkk
nwt :yki
- fhLku

:
fkur fYtkkfu:
n{ yuf knkuk Mkey fkLkkk fk yLkk Mkk rnMMkk nI. s{eLk EMk Mkey fkLkkk fk
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
Enkhu kwh
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
: - :
- : - :
I deeply acknowledge the gratitude I owe to the various individuals and
institutions
: who
-contributed
: to
: the

:CD,
and
these
presentations:
Book
and
the
generously
provided
their
knowledge,
time
and
encouragement.
I:
-with
grateful
: thanks
: of
compilers
:
acknowledge
the copyrights
theauthors,
and
publishers
various
andCOPY
journals
I profusely
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPYof
-
SPRAT :reports,
DO NOT articles,
COPY - CDs,
SPRATbooks
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
consulted
and
generously
referred
to
in
the
book.
While
the
credit
is
entirely
: - : - : - :
theirs, the mistakes in producing and choosing the context, if any, are entirely
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY acknowledgement
- SPRAT
: DOpublications
NOT COPY - such
SPRATas
: DOthe
NOT COPY
mine.
Special
is due
to UN
UNDP's
Human
Development
Reports,
Arab
Development
Reports,
the
World
: - : - : - :
Bank, the NCAER, the Planning Commission of India, the GIDR, the Women's
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYvarious
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOGujarat
NOT COPYcarnage
- SPRATand
: DO in
NOT COPY
Commission,
fact-finding
reports
on the
particular
:
of
:
- Tribunals,
:
PUDR
: and
the
reports
the
Citizens'
PUCL,
NHRC,
Combat
Communalism.
I
owe
a
deep
debt
to
the
publications
of
the
Freedom
House, Transparency International, Human Rights Watch etc. My gratitude is
enormous
: to
:
- specially
:
:and
the
the
various
encyclopedias,
the Britannica
Microsoft
Encarta.
And
Wikipedia
provided
me
with
useful
references
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO to
NOT COPY
authentic resources.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DOdebt
NOT to
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO of
NOT COPY
For
quotes
on Islam
and :Muslims
I owe- significant
various
authors
whom
I
must
specially
mention
Messers
Yousuf
Saleem
Chishti,
Shaikh
Mohd
: - : - : - :
Ikram, Tariq Ali and to publications of the Council on American-Islamic
SPRAT
: DO NOTand
COPYvarious
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DOon
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Relations
software
and
digital
versions
the
Quran
and Hadith,
specially
the
Alim
and
The
Quran.
: - : - : - :
My grateful thanks are due to the Ulema and scholars who so kindly reviewed
this
:
valuable
:
-
: thanks
: are
work
and
offered
suggestions,
anonymously.
Special
due
to
Maulana
Wahiduddin
Khan
and
Shri
Chunibhai
Vaidya
for
correcting
many of my presumptions and for valuable exchanges during the preparatory
stages.
:
- the
friends
:
:
-their
insights
:
Amongst
and industrialists
who
shared
a
mention
must
be-
made
Mr NOT
SirajCOPY
Tirmizi,
Janab: DO
Azeez
Mehboob
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
SPRATof: DO
- SPRAT
NOT Shaikh,
COPY - Mr
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Chavniwala, Mr Rizwan Kadri, Mr I B Peerzada, Mr M P Dodhia, Mr A K
: - : - : - :
Sopariwala, Mr M Y Noorani and Mr Pravin Shah. None of them, however,
SPRAT
: DO NOTeverything
COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- is,
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT :for
DOits
NOT COPY
endorses
contained
here
and
therefore,
not
responsible
contents
in
any
way.
Janab
Fareed
Saiyed
and
Zulfikar
Sheth
and
a
senior
: - : - : - :
professor [who chooses to remain anonymous] earn my warm gratitude for
SPRAT
: DOunstinted
NOT COPYsupport
- SPRAT
COPY - copy-editing.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYabiding
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
their
and: DO
forNOT
painstaking
Their
faith
that
message
deserved
go
places,
infectious.
ShriMahendra
of
this
:
: to
-was

:
:Patel

: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
Enkhu :kw
h -NOT
199COPY
SPRAT : DO
DO
:
-
: a
- mention
:
-
:
Marm
Positive
deserves
special
for
his valuable
cooperation
in
developing
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPYthe
- print.
I warmly appreciate the wonderful support extended in many ways by the
:
of:
:
dedicated
Team
SPRAT's
professionals
and
volunteers,
for:
research,
compilation,
interviews,
software
usage
etc
over
these
years.
A
particular
mention must be made of Ahmer Siddiqui, Sudha Pandey, Samir Pradhan,
: - : - : - :
Ayaz Shaikh, Ritesh Balgami, Leena Rao, Vishal Sharma, Rahul Tejwani,
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY -
SPRAT :Dev,
DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- for
SPRAT
: DO
NOTinCOPY
Taru
Jadhav,
Devshri
Anar
Bhatt
and Elizabeth
Mariam
their
help
the
Urdu
CD
and
compilation.
Waseem
Saiyed,
Rafeek
Saiyed
and
Shoeb
: - : - : - :
Siddiqui worked hard to promote these. A special pat to Sonali Srivastava and
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
NOT COPYshown
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
Tushar
Bhatt-
forSPRAT
their: DO
dedication
in :correcting
andcopy-editing
thisCOPY
book.
I must
valuable
of Shehzad
Shaikh,
and
his
:
- appreciate
: the
- cooperation
:
-
:
junior, Daanish Pathan, for their valuable help in composing.

:
-gratitude
:
-Board
of
:
:
My
special
goes
to the
Governors
of SPRAT
for
their
unstinted
support,
and: DO
for NOT
publishing
this
presentation.
Warm
thanks: DO
areNOT
dueCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
COPY -
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
to Professors Yoginder Alagh, Rakesh Basant and Sebastian Morris. To the
:
:
Lord
-Bhikhu
:Parekh,

: for
Chair
ofour Advisory
Board,
I am
also
grateful
his
Foreword
to -the
English
To- my
friend: DO
and
benefactor
Ms Anjolie
ElaCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DOedition.
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT
COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT
Menon I owe very warm thanks for a lot of reasons. Ditto for Mr B G Verghese.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPYof-
SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
DOone's
NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
A narrative
this
kind: DO
canNOT
only
be -the
result: of
life's- experiences,
bothCOPY
positive
and
negative.
In
this
sense
all
those
who
influenced
my
life
have
: - : - : - :
contributed to this work. I cannot fail to acknowledge, though, my deep
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY - father,
SPRATuncle,
: DO NOT
gratitude,
in - particular,
to NOT
my COPY
beloved
deceased
mother,
myCOPY
:
:
: and
:
teachers,
my siblings
and
mytwo children,
tomy
companions
who
enriched
my
life
in
one
way
or
the
other.
: - : - : - MHasan
:
Jowher
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkCOPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO200
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
{e{u -
APPENDICES
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Mux fk kykYV
Introduction of SPRAT
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
NOTsLkkk
COPY i
-
: DOkZk.
NOT
SPRATMku: DO
NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
ykkLku
nhSPRAT
fk rkkk
LkECOPY
Mkwkn-
fu WLkLk
sLkkk
inCOPY
hLku ykLkk
kikk{ khk
fu COPY
fku
:
:
L:ku
- k
Society
: for
Lku fkuLku
kf knkU
[kLkkufefkur
fe ni
. EMfuykk
WLnkU
yuf kt
e{ SPRAT
Promoting
(u kun: uDO
)Society
for the
Promotion
Rational
kke
SPRAT
: DO NOTRationality
COPY - SPRAT
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO of
NOT
COPY - Thinking
SPRAT fu: n
DO
NOT COPY
ke), 2002 fu VMkkkk fu kk hSMxzo fhkE u kwshkk fu khekkU, kMk kkih kh {wMk{kLkkU ykih ekkU
: - : - : - :
fe, kke{e, {yke ykih Mk{kS r{k fh hne ni. VMkkkk Mku {wkkMMkhk kukkUfe E{k, WLfu fkLkwLke
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- knke
SPRAT{U: {
DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOnkk
NOT COPY
{MkkE
ykih COPY
rhnkEe
fhLkkCOPY
ykih -rnVkke
Efk{kk
uLkkCOPY
kihk- WMfe
Vkihe kSo
kLk.
:
M: k
:
kk{U
MuxLku yuf{w
Lks{
ykih {kw
ok kkih Mku [t
{Mkw
Mk{kS
r{kk
fk kuz
k WXkk.
MuNOT
x ykCOPY
yuf hzeMxzo
kf
[uhNOT
exukCOPY
xMx yki
h Mkku
Mkkxe: fe
rkAu
ykX
Mku fki: {DO
e n{
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO
-
SPRAT
DOkhn
NOT
COPY
- MkkkU
SPRAT
NOT COPY
ykntke (kkkihu kMk rnLw {wM{ kuMke) fu kZku, rkAzu nwyu kkfkk (kkkihu kMk {wM{ ykih
: - : - : - :
rk) fe khe, empowerment ykih kMk kkih kh MkkLMk ykih yfek rational thinking fu
SPRAT
- SPRAT
: DOkuNOT
COPY
Vhku: DO
k fkNOT
fk{ COPY
fh hne-
ni. SPRAT
fwA yMku: DO
o kunNOT
u MuxCOPY
fku {krhke
khkfe
nkheLk
Akux-e
ykiSPRAT
h {wf :feDO
kuhNOT
n COPY
) kun
kheLkyuLk.S.yku
Lkk kk
kk. - : - :
(: 13
. {U :[w
Mu:xDO
fu fwNOT
A kiCOPY
ku suo u-
.
SPRAT
nISPRAT
fkhkt (CARAVAN): EMfu ykX {hkrf kwshkkfu Au nuhkU{U kir{k kk zuZ nkh
: - : - : - :
(1500) kukkU fku kke{, khes ykih EkuMkke MknwkkUfu knkU[kLku{U ku nI. u kEkuhe ykih
SPRAT : DOhezk
NOT Y{,
COPYkke{e
- SPRAT
COPY Mku- n
k{t
SPRAT
NOTkVhene
COPY -{kh
SPRAT
NOT COPY
rzeku: DO
keuNOT
xh (rsM{u
ykih: DO
Mkkkne
kke{e: DO
rV{U
)
fkuBw:x
h uk,
ku kMk
Mk,
kkhn
ykk,
: rkE
ke
-nI.
-YBMk,
(rsLk{U
:
- furLkMkkkfu
:
BwxMkoCOPY
, yuf-kWLxMk
ykih: DO
ytkNOT
uSfu COPY
{wgeV- fkuSPRAT
MkeoMk [kyu
ku COPY
nI) Mku{-
eLkkhSPRAT
nku :(rsLk{U
SPRAT : DOfkuNOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
DO NOT COPY
{wgeV hku{hkon fu WLkLkkk kh fokuMk ykih {wkfuhkk fk ELkyufk nkukk ni, n^kkkhe
u[Mkoe nkuku nI)Mku uMk nkuku nI. yk{ fu {MkkE fu n ykih Mkhfkh kh kk zkLku fu ru
SPRAT : DOykh.xe.ykE.
NOT COPY -fkEMku
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
- ykLku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
NOT COPY
{k :rfk
kk ni
. fkhkt
ykhkVfu
EkfkU
fe ku-n
kwSPRAT
e fu eu: DO
kLk
kunhefU kfuBku:E
LMk e
[kkk
ni si
Mku
fu w
rkk
fu Vhkug, kk
kkfk,
MkzfkU
fku
: VkLk
: e

:
u
h
Lkk,
kt
ke
ki
h
k
fu
rkV.
nh
fkhkt
fk
ykLkk
Mkknfkh
kku
z
o
nku
kk
ni
rsMkMku
kw
s
hkk
fe
f#
kunkheLk {wMk{kLk ykih rnLw ykihkku {o swzu nit. ehu ehu {e fkhkt {hkrf kuu Uku.
: - : - : - :
k yiMku ne {kifu fu ru kh Lku u uh fnk kk, u sLkkk inh kh kkw nkukk ni: fu (uh:)
: - : - : - :
{U yfu
k ne [k
kk
rLkku
e {kh
: - :
{t:
- :
kuk Mkkk ykku kyu ykih fkhkt kLkkk kk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - MuSPRAT
x fk kykYV
201COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO -NOT
:
un
: hkU
kMkkU
-
:
:
kke{:
{wLkk
fu khek
{U
rkfw
{w^k
ykih h
kiX
u kw
shkke,
ytkuS
ykih
rhke
kkkihCOPY
u kMk- yki
kkU fu ru
nik COPY
fe keni.SPRAT
fhekLk: DO
MkNOT
nhCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYfe- kw
rLkke
SPRATkke{
: DO NOT
hSPRAT
: DO{wNOT
kkeLk k[u EMk Mku {wMkVe nku [wfu nI.
{wMfkLk: {wMfwhknx rkuhLkufe yuf swLke, u {wne{ ni fkkze {k fku EMku{k fhfu nh W{ fu
SPRAT : DO NOT
- MkuSPRAT
DO
COPY
SPRAT
: DO Mku
NOT
- kLkkLku
SPRATfe.: DO
NOT
kuCOPY
kkU fu ru
nk {t: yu
zTNOT
uL[h u
-fMkhk
fk Mkk{kLk
uMkCOPY
Akuxu kkfo
WMkfk
yufCOPY
:
: kkfo
(AUDA
MUSKAAN
- Park
:
fk
:
Lk{wLkk, ykiz
k {w
MfkLk
) Lk rMkVo
wMfe {U nheke
yuf ku
nkhk
ni
kfu
hku
{hko
n
fe
MkkLMk
fu
eu
fE
WMkw
ku
u
ku
rMkkkk
e
ni
yki
h
u
kfu
ni kuCOPY
nMMkkMk
rnLw
yki
h
{w
M{
kMkkU
f
e
kku
z
o
h
kh,
fku
E
kkt
[
nkh
ku
k
nh
n^ku
EMk
Mku
{u
n
sws
: - : - : - :
nkuku nI.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYu- ku
SPRAT
NOTfuCOPY
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
y{k:
kk EBku: DO
kkn{e
WMkwkU- kh
[Lku ku
AkuNOT
xu AkuxCOPY
u kwMk-kLkk
fh WLnU: DO
rkkNOT
MkwCOPY
e
:
: ni
:
-ekh
{uLku:s
fso
e {wnik fhkkk
ykih
{kfuox Mkukkw
fkkVhkn{
fhkLku
fu ykk
uhe
MknwkU
Vhkn{
fhkk
.
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- niSPRAT
rfo
k:
khek
ku
kkU
fu
Aku
xu Akuxu kwMk kLkk fh {k{we hn Mkw kh WLfe k[k s{k fhkkk ni
: - : - : - :
ykih WMke Mku ntkk{e fso {wnik fhkkk ni.
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT{MkkE
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
kusCOPY
: ynu-{Mk{kS
kh Xku
Mk heMk[o
ykih Mku: oDOfhkkk
ni. w.ke.,
rknkh Mku: DO
ykLkuNOT
kuCOPY
:
fe:Mk{kS

kh
:
:
khken
fu E{k{kU
ykih Eku
Mkkenkk
WMfe
rhMk[orhkkuxo
yufyn{
Mkku
kLk
kE
ni
.
Vku
z
o
VkWLzu
Lkfe
{ke
{,
IIMA
yki
h
kw
s
hkk
rkkeX
fe
Vu
f
xe
fu
kykw
L
k
Mku
n{COPY
rVk rnLw {wM{ kMkuoLk (yhkf, {VYkk) kh yuf {u rhMk[o fh hnu nit.
: - : - : - :
shek: Mux fk Ekyke, khene rzeLk, u {wgeV Mk{kS {kiswykk kh ûMk kkuMxMko kikh
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- o kkt
SPRAT
NOTfuCOPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
: DO
fhkk
ni, k[u
xkk ni:, DO
Lkw{kE
eu Mkk{kLk
kikh: fhkk
ni, s
ne -yufSPRAT
shek yki
h fwNOT
A E-COPY
:
e:
Zines
fe kneh
wY nku
ke. - : - :
{srMk:
{LkkMko
, uf:[Mko
kfuhCOPY
kk fk -yk{w
kk fu: ru
ELkyuCOPY
fk fhkkk
hunkk ni.: DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYMku- r
SPRAT
DO, {w
NOT
SPRAT
DO NOT
- SPRAT
{nk:
sw
{ku
kw
fu
rkV
yk{
fku
skkLku
,
hkyu
ykB{k
kLkkLku
fu
ru
Mux: kknu
w
u
: - : - : -
{knu
yunkus, hue Lkko kihk fk e yunku{k{ fhke ni, siMku LkhuL {kue fu kunu EuLk fu
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYknu
-
NOT
- SPRAT
DO ,NOT
COPY -
: DO
rkV,
fkSPRAT
xe.e. : fuDOELfu
kVCOPY
kh f{
WXkLku fu: ru
yun{kkk
ykiSPRAT
h {wBkE
fu NOT
unkCOPY
:
ki
:
nke
fu rkV
hk. - : - :
MkVh:
Mux- MkuAku
xu yuLk.S.yku
. fu yhkfeLk
fkuBSPRAT
wxh yki
h ytNOT
kuS COPY
rMkkLku- furu
, yki:hDO
kuhkuNOT
kkhCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY -
: DO
SPRAT
LkskLkkU
f
e
{
fu
ru
Mu
x
{w
^
k
e
kh
fku
B
w
x
h
u
L
ku
f
e
fku
r
fhke
ni
.
kkfu
ku
ykLku
: - : - : - :
kzkuMk{U {w^k fkuBwxh rMkkyu, WMfu ru Mux kwhkLku fkuBwxMko Efk fhke hunke ni ykih WMfe
SPRAT : DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
xe{COPY
WLnU yAu
fk{ fu kf
kLkk uCOPY
ke ni. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:
khekku
:
h: e
Aku
Mknkhk:
fu sheu
tfku u
ef {ktkLku
yki
h [ku
fhLku kh
{skw
h nkuku
nI,: WLnU
xu Akux
u
fkhkuCOPY
kkhe rfxT
k siMku fu:swDO
kk NOT
kkueMkCOPY
fhLkk,-
ktSPRAT
[h rhku:hDO
fhLkk
rfxTCOPY
Mk, VkU
h MkSkt
[Lku fuCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
- MSPRAT
NOT
- ykiSPRAT
: DOkuNOT
Xu
u
ki
h
k
fu
eu
rkLkk
Mkw
e
fso
ykMkkLk
rfMkkU
kh
ru
ku
nI
.
: - : - : - :
u hkEz: nh n^ku yiMku kwswkkuOfku u fe fkh {U Lk kiXu nkU, Mux WBk fkh {ktk fh WLk{U fwA
txkUfe Mkih fhkke ni.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
ykLkuCOPY
ku -rLkkU
{U, ykih: DO
{keNOT
ELkuCOPY
k{ {w- nikSPRAT
nkuLku kh,
MuNOT
x fkuECOPY
{foS-
{wSPRAT
M{ kMke
fhekCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
: DOfuNOT
zfekU fu ru EBku kkn{e fu WMkwkU kh yuf nkuMx, fkhekhkUfu euu Akuxu LkR f{kE fu shku fe
xuLkk fk yuf Ekhk, whhk kMku Akuxu yu.S.yku. fe rn{kk ykih fkk fu eu yuf khku hkkukk,
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
202
- Mu
x fk COPY
kykYV- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
DO NOT COPY
{sw
:
LknkLku
:
hkU fu
k[kUfe rLk{Uu:k
fu ru
LkLnU
u,hu
u Mxu:
Lk ykih
kMk rzkku
fu fhek
fu ru
n{k{,
M{COPY
{MkkE
{wf :h{u
hkyu COPY
ykB{k- kLkkLku
fu eyu
kzuNOT
fku{COPY
e ykkkhku
{u fku{: DO
rLku
SPRAT
: DO{wNOT
- kh
SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
ykih {ezek fu Mkkk {wMMk hkrkk hk hLku fu ru yuf r{zek rhuLMk whku fk{ fhLkk.. kihk
siMke LkE rsB{ukhekt ykLku fktkU WXkLkk [knke ni.
: - : - : - :
: ELku
fE
: Lkk{h

:
nI,: si
k{ek:
{w
f fe
nMkktMux fuyu
zTkEMko
yki
h kLkoMko {U kr{
Mku:
zo ykiV yuz
TkEMko
: kku
: : - : - :
kuNOT
zo ew
kkhu- ,MkuSPRAT
LxeLke: DO
kuVNOT
uMkh, tCOPY
zLk Mfw-ykuSPRAT
V EfkuL: kkuDO
r{Mk;
SPRAT : DO
COPY
zku. VkYf ywkn, eh nwfw{ku rnL;
zkufxh ktwfkk, fki{e n{ykntke yukuzo k^kk kuVuMkh;zkufxh ykrk nwMkiLk, Mkkkufk MkVeh
khku y{uhefk;
:
-eLk

: {w
- {nw
h ku:E
yt
{uL:kLk,
{kikLkk new
kLk,
eh y-rhMkkk,
Lxh ke
se Ek
{~nw
h
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
NOTkkw
COPYk
- eSPRAT
zkLMkh
ykih-
MkkuSPRAT
e yu:DO
xeMx
{fk: DO
MkkhkkE;
zku
. ykw Mkku
n heV,
h {knehu
{ykekk
uxe Mk[h
fr{xe;
:
{nw
:
- yki
hMku:
- :
sLkkk
LkkrMkh
r{LS,
[u
h{u
L
k
ze.Mke.
ku
L
f
r{exu
z
.;
ki
h
k
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
kkuzo ykiV kLkoMko :
ku.kukuLk y, Mkkkufk ehu nwfw{ku rnL, [uh{uLk Eh{k;

sLkkk {kunB{ nMkLk inh, Mkkkufk kuLf [eV yuefuxe {uLkus{uLx ykih ykE.xe. fLMkkxLx;
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY{-.yu
.SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO
ykE.ykE.yu
fu kuVuM:kMkoDOhkfuNOT
kMkt
k yki-hMkekk
MkeLk
{kuhNOT
Mk; COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
:

E.ze.ykE.;
: - : - :
zkp
. rLkuyMke,
Mkh
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
- rkkeX;
zkuNOT
fxh MkwCOPY
oLk yt
kh, kEMk
[kLMku
h,COPY
kwshkk
e{ke
Mku
k kuLf,kihk. : - :
:
se
-kMk,
yu
{: .ze.
: - : - : - :
kuVu&Mk: Mux fu y{u {U [kxozo yufkWLxLxMk, yu{.ke.yus, yu{.yuMk.zw kihk fu ykk

fE ke wk{U fk{ fhLku ku LkskLk zfu zfekt kr{ nI. WLfu ykk fE yuke foo ykih
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
- e
SPRAT
fkhfw
LkeLkNOT
u ku
fe- wLkeMkeo
xeMk: DO
Mku ELxhrk
fu ru
ykku :nIDO
. NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
{wykLkeLk: Mux fe {ke { fhLku kkU{U kr{ nI: Zuh Mkkhu yk{ ELMkkLk rsLnkULku kLk
VkLk k{u, h{u, MkwLku, { fe ni. WLfu ykk Vkuzo VkWLzuLk, kuw VkWLzuLk, y{uhefe rMkVkhk
: - : - : - :
kLkk, yku.yuLk.S.Mke. xkxk fur{fMk, AUDA ,M{kE VkWLzuLk kihn kr{ nI.
Lk:ykkfkkykw
h kih{ke
kuL
kkU Mkw
{U {w{
rfLk ni. Mux fku
[tk, :fkk
h
: kykw
Lk: {ke
yki
h:kkU

yki
kkLx u Mkfku nI. khek kkk fe VeMk fku MkkuLh fhLku siMku Akuxu fk{ Mku ufh rfMke {MkwMk kuku fe
MkhkhMke fhfu Mux fu kkxoLkh e kLk Mkfku nI. kzu yMknkkku {kkuh Mku, MkLkyke hkLkkUMku n{ WB{e
fhku
:
rVMk
:
- rVx

:
:
nI fu
ku Mux fu nu
z yku
fu ru
yuf 2000
feskn
ELku
k{ ku
tk x{oee
kh fhU
.
SPRAT
: DO WLfe
NOT ykLke
COPY hnu
- ke,
SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
: DOWMfk
NOTEMku
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
k
WLfe ki
k NOT
kZukeCOPY
ykih h#
yMkLkk n{
{k- e
fh kkU: kuDO
. EMke
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - MuSPRAT
x fk kykYV
203COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO-NOT
:
-
:

: ki
-fekMk
Lk
:
khn
yuf r{Mkke
yt
kuS Mfw
kLkkLkk
ni,yuf IAS,
IPS
hk si
Mke UPSC
MkeoM
ke fk
xuLkk
MkuLxh
kLkkLkk
. ITI Mku: Aku
fkuMk{U
{wg-eV
Whku:nwDO
LkhNOT
ykih COPY
finishing
fu ruCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
- niSPRAT
DOxu NOT
COPY
SPRAT
- skills
SPRATrMkkLku
: DO NOT
yuf Ekhk kLkkLkk. ykih Mkk Mku yn{ {wMk{kLkkUfe Mk{kS kswo{kLke fhLku fu ru yuf r{zek rhuLk
kukk fk{ fhLkk ni. yunu h fku n{ ELk{U rfokkhe fe kk uku nI. wMkhe khV khek LkskLk e
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DOkuNOT
SPRATfku:rkkt
DO he
NOT COPY
: DO
NOT
fwA NOT
kykwCOPY
Lk fh Mkfku
nI: {MkLk
EMk COPY
rfkkk-fek[kMk
fh ku[- U,ykiSPRAT
h fwA su
k [o
eCOPY
:
-ykLku
kknfkU
:
-
: fku
f{kU
. ftkLkekt
ykih
{wk{eLkfku
, fkuus :yku
h Mfw
ykLku
kkk yMkkkk
EMfk
kku
n
Vk
u
Mkfku
nI
.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
fkLkwLke {hkykk: Mux yuf fki{e yukuzo k^kk hSMxzo kf [uhexuk xMx ykih MkkuMkkxe ni.
SPRAT : DO
COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
MuxNOT
fku eu
ku -kLk
kh Income
Tax fu
Section
80-G fu: DO
knuNOT
k xuMkCOPY
Awx {w-nikSPRAT
ni. Mkkk: DO
ne Mu
x fkuCOPY
FCRA
hSMx
uLknkrMk
rsMfu
kkyMkku ru
e kLke
u Mkfke
ni.- :
:
ni
: .
:
{k fe f{U kykwLk: (Grant in Kind): rVnk Mux kk Mke MknwkU rfhku kh nkrMk
: - : - : - :
fh hne ni. Muxfu nuz ykurVMk fu ru e k rfhkk yk wk {fkLk, EMku{k fu kf fkhU, {kkkoh
SPRAT : DO
COPY
: DO
DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOkuNOT
ykuxNOT
ku rhk,
yki-hyuSPRAT
f kzk Vku
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196
20
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{wf fku MkLkT 2036 ykih MkLkT 2049 fu kihkLk ne r{ukk kUfu ku kkhu ELke whe kh nI fu
: - : - : - :
hkuLke fku e nkt knkU[Lku{U fE fE Mkk k ku nI.
SPRAT : DO
COPY{k[o
- 2003
SPRAT{U: 350000
DO NOT Mkk
COPYkw-hkLku
SPRAT
: DOku
NOTELMkkLk
COPY -(homo
SPRAT
: DO )fu
NOT COPY
9. NOT
Exe{U
zu [Lku
erectus
:

:
: fe
kMkef
: nku
f{kUfu rLkkLk
hk^k
nwyu.
EMk Mku[koMkzkhrLk
Ekuof
kfe rkku
he fe
{e
ke
ni. COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
10. furVkuLkk, y{urhfk{U, swLk 2004 {U Space Ship One Lkk{ fe ftkLkeLku kLkke rkE
: - : - : - :
MkVh fe kwrLkk zke. kLke yk rsMfu kkMk kiMkk nku ku k{U Mkfkk ni. ykih fE yiMku
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
{t[COPY
kU{U yu-fEhkLke
kkw
LkeNOT
kr{
k. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
11.
swkE
2004{U
rLkk{u
BMkefu
Au Mki
khu, yki
fu rnkMku
Mkhu Mki
khunu
Saturn
:
:
hMkkE
:
w
: ,
kh
LkkMkkfk
Cassini-Huygens
Lkk{fk
rkE
snk
Wkhk.
k
hru
fu
n
{eLkMku
fhekLk 1300 rfkur{xh wh ni. n (u {wMkhe ykih whuLkMk fu ke[ kfu ni)fu wkMkqhk rhtk
: - : - : - :
rings nI ykih WMfu kkEMk [kt nI, rsMk{U Mkk Mku kzu xkExLk {U ELMkkLkkUfe r[Mke kZke
SPRAT : DO NOT
-
: DO NOT
: DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT :2005
DO NOT
hneCOPY
ni, kU
fu SPRAT
nkt ELMkkLke
kMkeCOPY
kMkkLku-
fu SPRAT
fe R{fkLkkk
Wh
hnu -nI
. sLkhe
{U COPY
xkExLk
khe
Wkhk
kk.
:
yu
fsnk
:
- : - :
12.
ykMk
2004
{U
u
kE
snk
{uM-kuL
shSPRAT
u : kk
kk, COPY
ku {k[o
{U :ykkh
DO NOT
- 2011
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
(Mercury) fu {kh{U kr nkukk, u rLkk{u BMke fk wMkhk Mkk Mku Akuxk Mkikhk ni.
: - : - : - :
13. MkLkT 2004{U yukuLMk (wLkkLk)ykih MkLkT 2008{U kuEStk ([eLk){U ELMkkrLkkLku wrLkk fu Mkk
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DO{nkhku
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
Mku kzu
u-kut
kLke
yku:BkMk
fk ELyu
fk- fhfu
ELMkkLke
VLk, Lk{ku
sk, fkLkw
Lk NOT
fe COPY
kkkMke
yki
h kiL:kw
yfk{e
kykw
LkfekLkkh
r{MkkU
ku f.
tLk{U
2012
{U yku
:
:

:
ke{ ykuBkMk (Mko ykuBkMk ykMku {Lkku ku nI.) fk Mkkne fku ELkuh ni. kfu EMfu
kk fu , 2016 fu kke fu nuh hkwersLkkhku, {U nkuLku ku Mk{h ykuBkMk fe e
: - : - : - :
kikhekt kuhkukuh Mku he ni. nkne{U swLkwke ykrfkLku Vwxkku fk yk{e fk f{kfe wke
SPRAT : DO NOT
- rfk.
SPRAT
NOTfuCOPY
DO rfkLke
NOT COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
Mku {wCOPY
Lkyr
(kki:hDO
rfSu
u -siMkeSPRAT
[e fu :ru
wh hMk-
{LMkw
kkkte: DO
hfkh
ni
.
)
: - : - : - :
14. uf Mke, (Blak Seak) fu fhek kfu wrLkk fk Mkk Mku kunhk kkh kukuhk u Mkkun Mk{thMku ku
rfkur{xhMku e Lke[u ni, ELMkkLkLku WMfu ku kf hMkkE fe.
:
{U
LkkMkk
:
r , Me{
:
fk: Lkk
huf
15.
LkBkh
2004
fu nkEkhMkku
Lkf snkLku
suxLku
{eLk
kh hVkkh
kuzo
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
COPYrfku
- r{xh)
SPRATVe: DO
- fhekLk
SPRAT 10
: DO
fk{
rfk.- WMLku
7000: DO
{eNOT
(11265
txk NOT
kLke COPY
ykkMku
kwLNOT
kk COPY
ku
hVkkh
Mku
WzkLk
he.
: - : - : - :
16. swkE 2005{U LkkMkk fu zek EBkux r{Lk fu yuf rnMMku (Copperbullet)Lku Lk kw fh
MkkLMke kunfefkk fu ru 9P/Tempel Lkk{ fu comet kLke w{kh kkhk, Mku xfhkfh fhekLk
:
yki
:h
:
e
:hu
100r{xh kku
30 {exh
kunhk kZkki
k rfk.
EMk
xh fku {eLkMku
fkuzo rfk
kk.COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
17.
kLMkfu MkkLMkkt
2005{U kwhu
ELMkkLke
nhu fk
kk
transplant
h
:
Lku: LkBkh

: [u
:rfk,
yki
ykune {kn fwA ykih MkkLMkkLkkULku yuf [wnk kik fhrk rsMfu r{kk{U WLnkULku ELMkkLke
e{kk fu fwA MkuMk (cells) kr rfu kkfu ELMkkLke e{kkkUfe ke{khekU fu Eks fu
:
s
z:
rMkrMku
{U {ki
wt {ku
{wnuk
nku. - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ELMkkLkek
fkhLkk{u
209COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY -funkrk
SPRAT
: DO-NOT
:
{eLk
:
{w
hu:f
2005
: fe
18. Mkw
hs furko
fu kkVfe
k fkuMknen
kuzo fhLku
fu ru
31 rMkBkh
W{ {U
yuf ek
MkufLz fk: DO
EkVk
kk.
f
yiMNOT
kk 1998
kzk kk.
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
NOTrfk
COPY
- EMMku
SPRAT
: DO
COPY{U- fhLkk
SPRAT
: DO2008
NOTfeCOPY
rMkBkh {U Veh yuf MkufLz fk EkVk rfk kk. kkuk ku Mkk yuf MkufLz tkk fhkh kkk!
: - : - : - :
19. sLkhe 2006{U Mxkh zMx r{Lk w{kh kkhk wild-2 Mku fwAr{e ykih w ufh Mkkk Mkk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY

SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DO
NOTkh
COPY
- SPRAT
{U keLk- Mkku
fhkuz r{kU
fk NOT
MkVh COPY
ki fhkk- nwy
k, kkMk
{eLk
fkr{kke
Mku kux:k.DO
EMkNOT
r{eCOPY
: yki
:
fe
hk :si
kh
:kzu
h wfu
{wkku
Mku fkLkkk
Ekuk ki
Mku {MkkE
{ehku
Lke
ke.
20. COPY
whkukeLk
yus: DO
uLMkeMkNOT
fk kE
eLkMk: DO
yuNOT
MkuMkCOPY
kunhk-
kLke
rLkMk: DO
fu {kh
SPRAT : DO NOT
- Mku
SPRAT
COPY -snk
SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT{UCOPY
kr nwyk. Mkwhs Mku wMkhk, n{khk kzkuMke u Mkikhk, kk n{khu ne rskLkk kzk , urfLk
rLkk{u BMke {U Mkk Mku k{o ykih ykMk{kLk{U Mkk Mku [{fkh Mkikhk ni. u ykLku {unh kh
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
- {krhk
SPRAT :MkuDO
NOTfeCOPY
hSPRAT
n{khu- 243
rLk {U: DO
yufNOT
kkh,COPY
Wxu kLke
{rf
khV, -yki
Mkwhs fu: DO
rkoNOT
n{khuCOPY
yuf :kkh
kkV
fhkk
ni. kLke
WMfk
f rLk
n{khu243 rLk
rskLkk
tkk
ni ykih
: 225
-rLk{U

: yu

:
yu
f
Mkk
n{khu
225
rLk
rskLkk.
{e
u
fu
WMkkh
Mkw
h
s
{rkhk
{U
kw
w
y
yki
h
{rf
kwYk nkukk ni.
: - : - : - :
21. 2007 Vhhe{U LkkMkk fu Lw nkuhkELMk Lkk{ fk kE snk {wkhe fe fr fk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: DO
NOTxkuCOPY
- kZ
SPRAT
DO ku
NOT
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT
Vkk- ukuSPRAT
nwyu kkw
Lk (w
)fe khV
kk :snkt
u COPY
ke MkVh
k fhkk
nwy
k 14COPY
kE
2015
knkU[u
kk. nk
ku WMk
Akuxu :Mku
Mkikhu
fk (rsMku
Mkikhu:
fu {LMkk
Mku
: sw
fku:

-yk

{kw
fhfu
{kknkw
Mki
khk
fh
rk
kk
ni
)
yki
h
WMfu
[kt
kU
f
k
{w
kkk
fhu
kk.
22. {k[o 2007 Mku 2009 fu kihkLk yuf kzk kiLkwyfk{e kukk{ {wLkyr rfk kk rsMk{U
: - : - : - :
fwku w{ke ykih fwkwku swLkwke fu {wVMMk {wkku fu ru kuMkku Mku kE yn{ kusufTxMk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
-
SPRAT
Mkhyt
{ ru
ku. : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
23.
ykku
ku
fu
kk
kh
uLkukk
Mkk
kzk
r{LkkkLkLkurMkkBkh
{U
: - : [kt

: Mku
: 2007
SELENE fu Lkk{ Mku wY rfk. u [kt fe kikE ykih Ekuofu fu nkkk fk kunhk k ukk.
WMfe hk^kkUfk yMkh n{khe MkkLMkfe ku~kh kukkU{U kzLku kk ni.
: - : - : - :
24. yu 2008{U n{khu ykLku khkLku PSLV -C9 hkfux k{U Akuzk rsMkLku ykLku Mkkhu fu Mkkhu
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kEx
SPRAT
NOT
COPYfu -rko
SPRAT
SPRAT
NOT
10 Mkux- u
Xef :kkiDO
h kh
{eLk
{kh{U: DO
WkkhNOT
ruCOPY
. EMke- Mkk
khkLku: DO
ykw
kh-COPY
LkBkh
{U
ykLkk
kw
h
e
khn
{w
f
{U
kLkk
hku
f
u
x
[t
kLkk
e
kkk,
rsMkLku
fkr{kke
Mku
[kt
fu
: - : - : - :
rko {kh {U w{Lkk wY fh rk. EMke hkufux fu sheu y{urhfk fk yuf kukuze u kk kk.
WLfe r{Lksw{k fkrkUMku yk u kkk MkkrkkMke nku kE ni fu [kt kh yuf Akuxe Mke r{fkh{U
: kkLke
-e
{ki
sw: ni
(k
:
:
. EMke
kkLkefe { Mku
WMku
nkEzkusLk {u
ut kke
fhfu) [kt
fku
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- ^kELk
SPRAT : ku
DO
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
SPRAT
NOTuCOPY
s{eLkfk
z NOT
kLkk fh
ELMkkrLkk
wh :k{U
MkVhCOPY
fu rLkk- Lkyu
kukk{: DO
khkek
Mkfke
ni
,
kU
f
u
[kt
fe
fru
knku
k
f{
nku
L
ku
fe
sn
Mku
nkt
Mku
k{U
Lkk
rLkMkkLk
: - : - : - :
ykMkkLk ni.
25. khkkLkekLku yuf LkE hukkze wY fe u tLk, fuLx ykih rhkyu r{zu fu Wkh ykih rhkyu
: rkBMk
-fuLke[u
Mku :nku
:

:
ku nwy
u [uLkxLk
kf
fe108
rfku
{exh fe
whe 230
-300
rfku{
exh Ve
txu fe -hVkkh
Mku k: DO
fhkeNOT
nwE COPY
uke.- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
26.
fkhELk
kku
Lkku
ne
nkU
ku
fu
k{U
kiLkw
yfk{e
kykw
Lk Mku yu
f kE
MxuLk:
fk{
ni rsMku
: - : :

International Space Station funku nI. WMk{U n{Uk MkkLMkkt hunku nI ykih {wgeV kswkuo
fhku hunku nI. WLfu ru Mkk{kLku hMk kihk kLku uLku fk fk{ {k{w fu {wkkrkf [kk ni.
: Vhhe
-
{U :yu

:
: u
2007
xkLxMk
MkuxLku
whkukfe
kLkkE
yuf kwhe fku
t
kMkMkkLMk
kkuhuxe
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
210
- ELMkkLkek
fu nkrk
fkhLkk{u: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
:
:
- knkU

: yfMkh

: Lk
u fh International
Space
Station
[kE.
hkkkUfkuykk
EMkMxu
fku Lkt
ke
yktCOPY
kU Mku yu- f{wSPRAT
MkkrVh Mki: DO
khufNOT
e khnCOPY
u Mkfku
nI.
SPRAT : DO NOT
- SPRAT
27. snkt n{U E{w Vrfkk fu sheu fkLkkk fu kkhu{U yAk kMkk ytkk ni n n{ {U Mku
: - : - : - :
f{ ne fku kkk nkukk fu n{ rsMku fkLkkk fe Mkk Mku Akuxe [e {kLkku nI kLke yux{, (u
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOWMku
NOT
SPRAT Lkn
: DOuNOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
ELkeCOPY
Akuxe- nku
ke ni fu n{
LktCOPY
ke ykt-Mkunhrk
Mkfku
) u -hyM
knku: DO
k kze
:
:
: particles

sknni, ELk{kknk
yux{
yLkkrMkh
sub-atomic
fu ru
rsLkMku
yux{:
kLkkk
ni.
yki
h
Lkk
k
u
e
fu
yu
x
{
{U
99.99%
skn
rkfw
ke
ni
.
28. fkLkkk fe Ekuk fe rkk kuLk rkkuhe ykih yiMku soLkkU {wkkf {k{kk fe kunfef fu
: - : - : - :
ru rsLkek fu fhek (kLMk ykih MhuLz fu Lke[u) yuf Mkku {exh kunhe Mkwhtk {U E{u
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYfu- {kneheLk
SPRATyks
: DOkfNOT
COPY - Mkk
SPRAT
SPRAT
DO nINOT
kkeykk
fe MkkLMkfk
Mku kzk: DO
ykihNOT
Mkk COPY
Mku {nU- kkksw
kko fh: hnu
. COPY
rsMkukso
nuz
kusLk :ku
hkEz
k yu
.yu[
ku nI. yu
f MkkuMku kE
{w{krf
fu Mk
:
.Mke.
fu:n
nkh
Mku kE
yuLsLkeMko
ykih COPY
MkkLMkkt
ksw:DO
kuo khNOT
yLkkf
{un-Lkk
fh hnu :nIDO
. EMk
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
- EMk
SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
kswkuo Mku n{khe MkkLMk fku kkuk yuf Lkk sL{ nkukk ykih soLkkU {VYk k kku Mkkrkk
nkuUku k rVh hT fh ru Uku.
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
- Mkh
SPRAT
: DO
29.NOT
nh COPY
k ykMk{kLk{U
kku:DO
k w{NOT
kh kkhkU
fe -kkrh
nkuke :neDOhunNOT
ke ni.COPY
sk e
WXkEu
xwxNOT
ku COPY
kkhuykMk{kLk{U
fe yu
f feh
Mke
kLkk
kkuz
ku rku
nI. ELk{U
k f{
:
hku
: Lke
fh
: {
Mku : knku
nfefk{U
s{eLkfe
khV
ykku
nI
.
yki
h
u
ykku
nI
k
k
ku
Mkk
fu
Mkk
{eLkfe
rVk{U
(yux{kuMVh{U) kwhku nwyu s fh hk nkuku nI. ufeLk ykh yiMkk fkuE kzk xwfzkk w
: - : - : - :
yuf xwxk kkhk (meteoroid) {eLk kh yk ne kku k nkukk? ne nkukk siMkk fu fkMk ni
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYMkkhMk
- SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
NOT COPY
fu zkLkku
fu k{U: DO
nwyNOT
k kk.COPY
kLke -{w
fB{
kkkne.
w yki
h ku-ofe ykku
O xLk: DO
kwkkh
Mkkhe
{eLkfku
{neLkkU
kfu
MkkkU
kf
Zkt
f
u
kk,
rsMkMku
Mkw
h
sfe
hku
Lke
yu
f
t
ke
{w
k
kf
: - : - : - :
{eLk kh kzuke Lkn, rsMfk {kk MkkV ni fu Lkkkkkk, ykih WLkh {wLknMkh nikLkkk ykih
WLk {kuyYe kh ELnuMkkh fhLku ku k{k{ ekh nikLkkk (nshku ELMkkt Mk{uk!) wfu
: - : - : - :
{khu Uku. [wLkkL[u Lkfkhu ELMkkLkek fku n{UkMku u zfk kk hunkk ni fu fn yiMkk fkuE
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -
SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
NOT COPY
meteoroid
ykLkk
Vxu. :wDO
khe
u ni fu -yk
n{khe :MkkLMk
ELkeCOPY
khe-
fhSPRAT
[wfe ni :fuDO
kkU
{e
w
h
Mku
ne
n{
k{k{
kzu
w
{
kh
kkhkU
f
e
{neLkkU
f
u
e
u
ku
nI
yki
h
sYhk
kzLku
kh
: - : - : - :
WLnU kihkLku MkVh n{khu r{kEMk Mku xfhk fh n{khu hkMku Mku wh e fh Mkfku nit. ykih Akuxu
Akuxu meteoroid rsLnU n{ wt u Lkn Mkfku, ku yke rkhU kku [tkt LkwMkkLk Lkn fhku.
:
nkE:
TC3)
- meteoroid
:
:kzk
30.
yiMkkne
yufELku
Akuxk (2008
u k
fkuE
10 -
12
rVx
nku
kk.
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
NOT
SPRAT
COPY -
SPRATrMkVo
: DO37
NOT COPY
MkLkTCOPY
2008-{U ykw
kh: DO
fe yu
f MkwCOPY
kn Mkw- zkLkfu
yuh : ktDO
shNOT
hurkMkkLk{U
{eLkMku
rfku
{
exh
Wkh
yk
fh
Vxk.
fku
E
MkkZu
10
rfku
k
k
{
fk
WMfk
{kk
600
Mku
kE
xw
f
zkU
fe
: - : - : - :
Mkwhk{U rkh kk. urfLk WMMku fhekLk 20 tzu fne WMfu y{urhfk fu {kWLx u{Lk
xueMfkuk kh u rk kk kk. EMk ru WLk xwfzkUfku [wLk rk kk.
:
w: k

:.
Lku kkk
:
31.
1991
{U hk^k
ELMkkLke
ykk
fk ze.yu
Lk.yu
ksek
fhfuMkkLMkkLkkU
[kk
fu kuCOPY
fhek-Mkku
kun:uDO
{khuNOT
kyuCOPY
YMkfu kh,
rLkfkuMk: ki
{fe
sMk
kfe- furnMMku
ku. : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
Mkk
SPRAT
- SPRAT
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
32.
{krhke
kkLk{U
yu
f
2100
Mkk
kw
h
kLkk
kw
o
k,kkw
o
({u
Lk)
rhk^k
nw
y
k.
EMk
khn
fe
: - : - : - :
kwhkLke nkkkk Mku MkkLMkkLkkUfku fE yn{ ykih Mkwhkk {wnik nkuku nI. {MkLk u fu WMk
kk nkt fe ykkku nk fiMke ke. r{e fu yLkkrMkh k ku, kihk
:
LkkMkkLku
:
:
fu:
33. {k[o2009{U
ykLkk
fuhr{Lk w
Yrfk.
u kMku
rLkk{uBMke
kknh
fe
funfkt
fu fku
E SPRAT
zuZk :kkhkU
kh {wCOPY
MkMk-
Lkh
s{kyu
nwyNOT
u ni kkfu
yiM-ku
AkuSPRAT
xu MkikhkU: fDO
k kkk
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
-
DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ELMkkLkek
fu nkrk
- 211COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY -
SPRATfkhLkk{u
: DO NOT
: [
kh: nkk
fu
kf
:

:rsLk{U
fw
MkfursLk
EBfkLk
nI. rMkBkh
WMLku fE
MkikhkUfk kkk
rfk
A yuf
{U n{khe
ni. COPY
yiMkk ne-
yuSPRAT
f Mkikhk: niDOGJNOT
1214
b u- {eLkMku
40: Mkku
Lkqh feCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- r[~ke
SPRAT : k{e
DO NOT
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT
whe kh kfu nI. WMfe {eLkMku {w{kMkuk fwA yiMke ni fu WMk{U MkkLMkkt r[~ke uLku kh
{skwh nI.
SPRAT : DO NOT
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY -rzSx
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
DO NOT
34. COPY
EMke Mkk
yu{U :wDO
LkuMfku
Lku yk{e
kEk
uhe NOT
fk{COPY
fe. EMk- kk
uheMku: ELxhLku
x fuCOPY
: sheu
- w
hfe,
:
, {ki
: M
Lkek
yki
h kkkuhu kMkki
hytk:uS
, kunhehU
, kMehU
, kfhehU
kefe, rVBMk,
ki
h
k
rkfw
{w
^
k
zkWLkku
z
fe
Mkfke
nI
.
ELxhLku
x
ft
kLke
kw
k
fu
keLk
r{eLk
zkuhCOPY
Mk{uk fE kLkke EkhkUfk {ke kykwLk WMku nkrMk nwyk.
: - : - : - :
35. sLkhe 2010{U wkE{U yuf kLkh, wrLkkfe yks kf kLkkE Lku ke Mkk Mku [e E{khk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO{ki
NOT
: DO
NOT
- MkuSPRAT
: DO{exh
NOTkCOPY
kwso eVk
fu Lkk{Mku
Mkw{ COPY
nwE. zu-ZMkkuSPRAT
fhkuz y{u
rhfe
zkuCOPY
h fu [o
kLke 828
[e
x{U
Mkk Mku
[e
{Ms,
[k Me{k
kwyki
[u hu
nkEe
: 2717
- rVx

: nku
: Mkk
Mku
-
:h
{fkLke
nI
.
36. fkuBwxMkoLku u inh rkuhu nI WLk Mkk fk kku r e nkt {w{rfLk Lkn. ku yk u, Mkwt,
: - : - : - :
kku, MkwLk ykih {unMkwMk kf fh Mkfku nI. Mkwkh fkuBwxh yuf MkufLz{U fE fE fhkuz rnMkkk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- nI
SPRAT
NOTELxu
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
: DO({MkLkw
NOTECOPY
fh Mkfku
. ykxeo: rDO
Ve
esLMk
({MkLkwE: DO
nkLkk)
, [w-oy SPRAT
rhkexe
VMkkLku
ykihnfefkfkukku:k ekhne
Zk .- :
: nfefk)
- ki
hk Lku: kku

37.
xu
eeLk{U
3
ze
LkU
hkU
f
ku
kku
k
Bw
e{
kLkk
zkk.
EMk
f
ni fuCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOTnfefk
COPY hu
- {Lkkrh
SPRAT :rkkk
DO NOT
kw{kLk nku fu kkuk n{ WMk {th{U w hef nkU. yk{ f{k fu rzSx fu{uhu {U e yk yiMke
: - : - : - :
nkLkk fu Mkkk ykLku ku nI fu fwA Mkk kunu WLfk kMkwhe {w{rfLk Lk kk. yk kku {k{we
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- r{Lku
SPRAT
: DO
NOT{wCOPY
k{kUkh
kk
fu{NOT
uhk eCOPY
yiMkk-
ykSPRAT
kk ni: fuDOykk
MfwhkEu- ykiSPRAT
h fu{uh:k DO
wNOT
kwCOPY
kMeh
u
kk!
: - : - : - :
38. {knu {E {U rLxh kwkLku yuf Mycoplasma mycoides fk suLkw{ kLke rsLMk fk kwhk
hufkuzo , rLkfkk. rVh WMku yuf yiMku kuxuhek {U kr rfk kk rsMfk ze.yuLk.yu. rLkfk
: - : - : - :
rk kk kk. u {MLkwE kufxuhek kwhe khn Mku fwhke kufxuhek fe khn rLk ykih ykLke
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
COPYfku-
SPRAT
DO niNOT
COPY
SPRAT
: DOnkk
NOT COPY
Lk fhLku
fu kf:niDO
, ykiNOT
h ykLke
kuLkekt
kLkk:hnk
. kLke
yuf -{kLkkU
{U ELMkkLkLku
fe
kef
fh
e
ni
.
yk
ku
Lkk
yki
h
{LMkLkw
E
w
L
k
fe
hk^k
(rsLfk
r
rfkkk{U
nku
: - : - : - :
[wfk ni) fku WMfu Mkkk r{k fh uLku Mku k{e Mkk WXkk ni fu Lku yku kthn keMkMkk
{U n{ k fwA uLku ykih Mkwku hnu nI. rVh k ysk fu Mkku, k[kMk khMk {U nshku ELMkkLk
: ne
ukku
hux
he{U ki:
kh nkuL
ku kut!- : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
212
- ELMkkLke
nwfwf fk-yk{e
{Lwh: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
ELMkkLke nwfwf fk yk{e {Lwh
: - : - : - :
{wknuCOPY
kfe sLkh
yuMkuBkeLku
rMkBkh
1948
ELMkkLke
nwfNOT
wf fk yk{e
fhfu EMk
fk NOT COPY
SPRAT yfk{u
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO10NOT
COPY
- fk
SPRAT
: DO
COPY {Lw
- hSPRAT
: DO
yikLku yk{ rfk. yku MkVnkk kh EMk {Lwh fk {wfB{ {kLk so ni. EMk kkhee fkhLkk{u fu kk yuMkuBke Lku
: - : - : - :
ykLku k{k{ {uBkh {w{krf kh kuh rk fu ku e ykLku ykLku nkt EMfk yikLku yk{ fhU ykih EMfe Lkhku
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
COPY
SPRAT
DOyki
NOT
COPY
DO NOT COPY
Ekyk{U
rnMMkkCOPY
U. {MkLk
u fu EMku: LkwDO
{kktNOT
{wfk{kk
kh-yku
kt rfk :.
h kMk
kkih -khMfwSPRAT
kU ykih: kke{e
EkhkU
{U
EMku
kZ
fh
Mkw
L
kkk
u
yki
h
EMfe
kVMkekk
ksn
fe
U
,
yki
h
EMk
rsBLk{U
rfMke
{w
f
k
Ekfu
: - : - : - : rf
rMkkMke nirMkk fu rnk Mku fkuE EBkk Lk kkko .
: - :
{kLk
: - :
ykrhe
{wMkLk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - {w

nSPRAT
DONOT
SPRAT{w: DO
{kyu :Eku
kykkuCOPY
ykB{k- yfk{u
knuNOT
k- LwCOPY
kufo - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
fwf fk-yk{e
{Lw
h NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : ELMkkLke
DO NOTnwCOPY
SPRAT
: DO
k{ne
: - : - : - :
[wtfNOT
u nhCOPY
ELMkkLkfe
ke Esk
ykihCOPY
nw{ok -yki
ELMkkLkkU
fu {Mkke
ykih -Lkkfkrku
fk
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
hSPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRATELku
: DO
NOT COPY
nwfwf fku kMe{ fhLkk wrLkk{U ykke, ELMkkV ykih y{Lkfe kwrLkk ni.
[wtfu ELMkkLke nwfwf Mku kkhkne ykih WLfe kunw{oke yfMkh yiMku inrkLkk yVykfe
{U krnh nwE ni rsLk Mku RLMkkLkek fu {eh fku Mkg Mk{u knkU[u nI ykih yk{
: - : - : - :
ELMkkLkkUfe kwLkheLk ykhw u hne ni fu yiMke wrLkk sw{U ykyu rsMk{U k{k{
SPRAT : DOELMkkLkku
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
COPYyfeu
- SPRAT
: DOhun
NOT
- nkrMk
SPRAT nku
: DO
tfku ykLke
kkk fun: LkuDOykiNOT
h ykLku
kh fk{
Lku feCOPY
ykke
ykiNOT
h COPY
: ki
{u
n: Vw
Vku yunrkkk Mku
hnU
. - : - :
[wtfNOT
u u knku
k sYhe
ni fu ELMkkLke
nwfCOPY
wf fku -fkLkw
k fe y{khe
sheu- {unSPRAT
Vw hk
.
SPRAT : DO
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
LSPRAT
: DO NOTfuCOPY
: DO
NOT COPY
ykh
n{
u
Lkn
[knku
fu
ELMkkLk
ykrs
ykfh
sk
yki
h
EMkkk
fu
rkV
kkkk
: - : - : - :
fhLku kh {skwh nkU,
[wtfu u sYhe ni fu fki{kU fu hr{kLk kuMkkLkk kkwfkkfku kZkk ,
: - : - : - :
[wtfu yfk{u {wknuk fu {uBkh fki{kULku ykLku [kxoh {U kwrLkke ELMkkLke nwfwf, ELMkkLke
Mkk fe nw{ok ykih f ykih {kuO ykih ykihkkUfu {Mkke nwfwf fu kkhu {U ykLku yfeu fe
: ku
-
fe: rVk{U

- khe
fku:
kkhk kMef
fhe ni:
ykih Mkey
kh ykke
{ykhke
kfek
SPRAT : DOuLNOT
SPRAT
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
ku ykiCOPY
h {ikhu- ske
fku: kwDO
L
fhLku
fk Ehkk
rfk ni: .DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
tfu {uBkh
{wfku
ku u yn
rkni fu ku
yfk{u
{wknu
k fuR~kuh
kfu
y{
Mku Mkkhe
: [w
tL
: fh

:
w
r
Lkk
{U
WMkw
Lk
yki
h
y{Lk
ELMkkLke
nw
f
w
f
yki
h
kw
r
Lkke
ykkekU
fk
kk
Mku COPY
kk yunkuhk{ fhUku ykih fhkUku,
: - : - : - :
[wtfu EMk ynu fe kf{e fu ru knkuk ne yn{ ni fu ELk nwfwf ykih ykkekUfe LkkiEk
fku Mkk Mk{ Mkfu, rnkk
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ELMkkLke
nwf-wf
fk SPRAT
yk{e {Lw
h -NOT
213COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
: DO
: - : - : - :
yfk{u {wknuk fe sLkh yuMkuBke yikLk fhke ni fu
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYnwf- wffkSPRAT
: DO{Lw
NOT
COPYyfk{
- SPRAT
: DO
COPYfk- {i
SPRAT
DO nh
NOT
ELMkkLke
u yk{e
h k{k{
fu kMku
nwMNOT
kwu {fMk
kh nkukk: kkfu
VoCOPY
ykih
{wykhu
fk nh
Ekhk
EMk {Lw
h fkun{U
k ku
uLkh
hku
nwyu kke{
fu sheu
ELk
:

:
:
- kkek
:
nwfwfNOT
ykihCOPY
ykkekU
u yunkuh: k{
k fhuCOPY
ykih -WLnU
fki{e yki
h kiNOT
Lkwfk{e
fu she
{uBkhCOPY
SPRAT : DO
- fSPRAT
DOkiNOT
SPRAT
: DO
COPYfkhkEkU
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
{wfkU {U ykih WLk fki{kU{U u {uBkh {wfkUfu {kknk nkU, {LkkLku fu ru kkhes fkur fh Mkfu.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY ELMkkLk
- SPRAT
: DO
- SPRAT
COPY
Vyk
1: k{k{
ykke
ykiNOT
h nwfwfCOPY
Esk
fu yiku:kkhDOMkuNOT
khkkh
kik -nwySPRAT
i niu. WLnU: DO
{ehNOT
ykihCOPY
yeknw
E ni.:EMk
ru
WLnU yu
f wMkhufu
Mkkk
[khu
fk Mkwqf fhLkk[kneu
:
kE
:
.:
Vyk 2: nh Mk ELk k{k{ ykkekU ykih nwfwf fk {wMkrnf ni u EMk yikLk{U kkLk rfu kyu niu, ykih
EMk nf kh LkM, htk, rsLMk, kkLk, {nk ykih rMkkMke kVhef fk k rfMke rfM{fu yfeu, fki{,
:
: ni
:
rsMk
:
{wykhu
, ki
k
kkLkkLke
rMkkkihk fkfkuEyMkh
Lk kzu
kk. EMk
fu ykk
Ekfu
k {wf
Mku
u
Mk
kkw
f
hkk
ni
WMkfe
rMkkMke
fi
r
Vk
khu
Ergkh
k
ki
L
kw
fk{e
ni
r
Mkkfe
rkLkk
khCOPY
WMkMku fkuE EBkke Mkwqf Lkn rfk ukk. [knu ku {wf k Ekfk ykk nku k kkueke nku k
: - : - : - :
kih {wgkh nku k rMkkMke Ekukh fu rnk Mku rfMke wMkhe ktr fk kkkt nku.
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
ykLke
SPRATLk,
: DO
NOT COPY
- kn^Vw
SPRAT
: DO
3: nh
Mk- fku
ykke
ykih kke
fk
nf NOT
ni. COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Vyk
4:
fku
E
Mk
kw
k{
k
kU
z
e
kLkk
fh
Lk
hk
Mkfu
kk.
kw
k{e yki
h kkoVhku
fkuE
Vyk
: - : - :
e,: [knu
WMfe
e nku, {{Lkwy fhkh e uke.

Vyk 5: rfMke Mk fku rsM{kLke yek k ku{kLkk, ELMkkLkek Mkku, k e Mkwqf k Mkk Lkn e
:
uke. : - : - :
6:
nh
Mk- fk
ni fu nh
{wfNOT
k{ khCOPY
fkLkwLk -WMkfe
Mkk
fku NOT
kMe{COPY
fhu. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Vyk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
nf
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DO
Vyk 7: fkLkwLkfe Lkh{U Mkk khkkh nI ykih Mkk kkih rfMke kVhef fu fkLkwLkfu yth y{kLk kkLku fu khkkh
: - : - : - :
nfkh nI. EMk yikLkfu rkV u kVhef fe u k kVhef fu ru khkek e , EMk Mku Mkk
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
khkkh
fu k[k
fu nfkh
nI. NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
8: nh
Mk
fku
WLkyVyk
rkV
u EMk
fkLkwLk{U
ru nwyu kwr
Lkke
fku kV
fhku
Vyk
:
: fu
Mkw
h :k
nw:fwf
nkU, kkErgkh fki{e ykkkU Mku {kuyMMkh khefu kh [khkuE fhLku fk kwhk nf ni.
Vyk 9: rfMke Mkfku {n nkrf{fe {Sokh rkhVkkh, Lkhkt k rsk kLk Lkn rfk ukk.
:
fku: Mkkt
kki

:
-fk
Lk k
:
10: nh
yufMk
h kh nf
nkrMk
ni fu EMk
fu nwf
wfku VhkE
kEw
WMkfe
rkV
Vyk
rfMkeCOPY
ykE
sw{o :fuDO
kkhuNOT
{U COPY
{wf{uf- e{kyk
ykihCOPY
kihLkekkh
ykk
fu wCOPY
u
SPRAT : DO NOT
- fko
SPRAT
SPRAT ykk
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
EkMk{U
{w
L
kMku
V
kLkk
khefu
kh
nku
.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 11(1): yiMku nh Mkfku rsMk kh fkuE Vkuskhe fk Ek{ ykE rfk , kukwLkkn w{kh rfu Lku
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY -
DO NOT
COPY Lk-
fk nf
ni kkk
u fu WMk: DO
kh w
e ykk{U
fkLkwSPRAT
Lk fu {w:kkrkf
sw{o Mkkrkk
nkuSPRAT
yki:hDO
WMku NOT
ykLkeCOPY
MkVkE
ku fhLku
fkkwh: k
{kifk Lk
rk
[wfk nku
:

. : - :
11(2): rfMke Mkfku yiMku Vy k Vhku kwk~k fe rkLkk kh u Ekuofkk fu k fki{e k kiLkw yfk{e
Vyk
fkLkwLkfu yLh kykShe sw{o w{kh Lkn rfk kk kk, rfMke kykehe sw{o{U {kw Lkn rfk ukk.
:
- : - : - :
12: rfMke Mk fe rLkS ske. kLkke ske, h kkh, kku rfkkkk {U {Lk {kLku khefu kh {kk
Vyk
Lk feCOPY
u-keykiSPRAT
h Lk ne: WMfe
ETCOPY
k ykih- Lkuf SPRAT
Lkk{e kh: DO
n{uNOT
rfuCOPY
Uku.- nh
Mk fk: nf
kk fuCOPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
DO NOT
SPRAT
DO nku
NOT
fkLkw
L
k
WMku
n{u
k
{kk
Mku
{u
n
Vw
hu
.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 13(1): nh Mk fk nf ni fu WMku rhkMkk fe nww fu yth Lk nfok ykih MkwfwLkk Ergkh fhLkufe
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYnku-. SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ykke
:
fku EMk
:
:

:
13(2):
nh Mk
kkk
fk nf nifu ku
{w
f Mku [k
u
[knu u{wf WMfk
ykLkk
nku. yki
h EMke
Vyk
khn
WMku
{w
f
{U
kkMk
ykLku
fk
e
nf
ni
.
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
214
- ELMkkLke
nwfwf fk-yk{e
{Lwh: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
Vyk
: 14(1):
hMkkLkeMku
: w

Vkk
: WXkLku
nhMk
fku Ek
Mkhu {wfkU{U kLkkn
ZwtZLku:,
ykih kLkkn
r{
ukkuWMkMku
nf niCOPY
.
SPRAT : DOfkNOT
Vyk 14(2): u nf WLk ykke fkhkEkU Mku k[Lku fu ru EMku{k {U Lkn kk Mkfkk u krMkLk kih
rMkkMke shkE{ k yiMku yVyk fe Mku y{{U ykke nI u yfk{u {wknuk fu {fkrMk ykih
SPRAT : DOWMkw
NOT
kUfu COPY
rkV-nit. SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
15(1):
nh
Mk fku
fk nf
ni. - : - :
Vyk
: fki
r{k
:
Vyk 15(2): fkuE Mk {n nkrf{ fe {So kh ykLke fkir{k Mku {unY{ Lkn rfk ukk ykih WMkfku
fkir{k kke fhLkufk nf uLku Mku ELfkh Lk rfk ukk.
Vyk
: 16(1):
-{ku
O
:
-yi
:e
-k
:fe
kkrk
ykih yki
hkkU fku
kkih rfMke
Mke
kkkt
fu u LkM
fkir{k
{nk
rkLkk kh
kkE
ke
rkkn
fhLku
yki
h
h
kMkkLku
fk
nf
ni
.
{ku
O
yki
h
yki
h
kkU
f
ku
rLkfkn,
yke
ske
ykih rLkfkn VMfhLku fu {k{u {U khkkhfu nwfwf nkrMk nI.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 16(2): rLkfkn VhefeLkfe kwhe ykih ykk hk{te Mku nkukk.
SPRAT
: DO16(3):
NOTkLkkLk,
COPY -
SPRAT
: DOyku
NOT
SPRAT
DO{kMkhu
NOTyku
COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT
{kMkhu
fe Vekhe
h kwLCOPY
keke -RfkR
ni ykih: ku
h hekMkk
kuLkku fe: khV
Mku COPY
Vyk
neVkk
fk
nfkh
ni
.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 17(1): nh ELMkkLk fku kLknk k wMkhkUMku r{ fh k hLku fk nf ni
Vyk 17(2): rfMke Mk fku skhMke WMkfe k Mku {unY{ Lkn rfk ukk.
Vyk
: 18:
- fku
ykkeu
:

nh ELMkkLk
rV,
ykkeu
{eh
ykih :ykkeu
{nk
fk kw
hk
nfni:.
EMk nf{U
{nk
fku
kke
fhLku
yki
h
kf{U
k
rLkS
kki
h
kh.
kLknk
k
w
M
khkU
f
u
Mkkk
r{
sw
fh
yfeu
fe COPY
kkek, y{, Ekkk ykih {nke hM{U kwhe fhLku fe ykke e kr{ ni.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 19: nh Mk fku ykLke hk hLku ykih Enkhu hk fe ykke fk nf nkrMk ni. EMk nf {U u y{ e
SPRAT : DOkr{
NOT ni
COPY
SPRAT
: DOykLke
NOThk
COPY
- fhuSPRAT
: DOsheu
NOTMkuCOPY
- hSPRAT
: DO NOT
fu ku-ykke
fu Mkkk
fk{
ykih rsMk
[knu kki
{wfe MkhnkU
fk COPY
rfuE{ yki
fe kk
fhu. WLnU nkrMk
ykih WLfe
kkek
. :
: k
hkkk
:
fhu
:
-fhu
Vyk 20(1): nh Mk fku kwhy{Lk khefu kh r{Lku swLku ykih ytsw{Lku fk{ fhLku fe yke fk nf ni.
Vyk 20(2): rfMke Mk fku rfMke ytsw{Lk {U kr{ nkuLku fu ru {skwh Lkn rfk Mkfkk
Vyk
: 21(1):
nh
:
hkMk
:
:
MkfkuykLku
{wf fe
nwfw{k{U khknu
k ykkkLkk
kkih kh{w
Lkk
rfu nw
yu
kELkUCOPY
fu sheu
uLku: fk
SPRAT : DOLkw{
NOT
- rnMMkk
SPRAT
DOnfNOT
21(2): nh f fku ykLku {wf{U Mkhfkhe {wku{k nkrMk fhLku fk khkkh fknf ni.
Vyk
: - : - : - :
Vyk 21(3): yk{fe {So nwfw{kfu Ekukhfe kwrLkk nkuke. u {So kLk VkLk yiMku nfefe ELkukk
SPRAT : DOfu NOT
u
SPRAT
sheuCOPY
krnh- fe
ke u: DO
yk{NOT
ykihCOPY
{Mkke-
hkuSPRAT
ntke: DO
Mku nkUNOT
ku ykiCOPY
h u w- r
VkSPRAT
kux k: DO
EMkNOT
fu COPY
rfMke
wMkhuykkkLkk
khefu
hku nt
ke fu{w
kkrkf
ykyutku.
: {Mkke
:
: y{
{U
:
22: {wykhu fu fTLkfe nirMkk Mku nh Mkfku {wykhke kn^Vwfe nf nkrMk ni ykih u nf e fu ku
Vyk
{wf fu rLkk{ ykih MkkE fu {wkkrkf fku{e fkur ykih kiLkw yfk{e kykwLk Mku yiMku EkuMkke.
: {w
nw
: f
fhu
ET
:
: Lkku
ykhke
ykih MkfkVke
wf fku nkrMk
, u WMkfe
k ykih
Mkk
fu ykkkLkk
Lkw{
k fu
kr{
nI.- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DOru
NOT
COPY
23(1):
nh
Mk
fku
fk{ fks,
hkus
kkh fuykkkLkk
ELku
fk{
fks fe{wLkkrMkk
{kfw:
hkEk
Vyk
: -
:

: kk
ykih kuhkuskkhefu rkV knVVw fk nf ni.

SPRAT
: DO23(2):
NOTnh
COPY
rfMke
SPRAT
: DOfu NOT
COPY -fk{
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- ni.SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Mk- fku
kVhef
kkih {Mkke
fu ru {Mkke
{wyku
fk nf
Vyk
Vyk
: 23(3):
:
:
nhMk
u
fk{ fhkk
ni ku
yiMku {wLkkrMkk
{kfw
{wkrnMku
fk nf
hkkni
u w:
WMfu yki
h
WMfu
yu
n
ku
yk
fu
ru
kkET
k
ske
fk
r{Lk
nku
.
yki
h
rsMk{U
ykh
sYhe
nku
kku
{w
y
khke
knVVw fku wMkhu shekUMku EkVk rfk Mkfu.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 23(4): nh MkMk fku ykLku {Vk fu k[k fu eu Rhke ytsw{Lku fk{ fhLku ykih WMk{u Mkhef nkuLkufk
SPRAT : DOnfNOT
COPY
nkMke
nI. - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ELMkkLke
nwf-wf
fk SPRAT
yk{e {Lw
215COPY
SPRAT : DO
COPY
: DOh -NOT
:
:
fk{
:
:fu
Vyk
24: nh
Mkfkuykhk{
ykih
VwMkokfknf ni rsMk{U
fu txkUf
e nkte ykihkLkk
ykk
{wfhoh
VkU
fu Mkkk-
kkekk
kr{
nI.COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
SPRATe: DO
NOT
Vyk 25(1): nh Mk fku ykLke ykih ykLku yunku yk fe Mkunk ykih Vkn kunkw fu ru {wLkkrMkk
{ikhu ske fk nf ni rsMk{U kuhkf, kkukf, {fkLk ykih Eks fe MknwkU ykih wMkhe sYhe
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT
: DOnINOT
- ke{khe,
SPRAT :{ksw
DOhNOT
COPY
ELk
SPRAT
: DOhkuNOT
{wyCOPY
khke -{whkykk
kr{
ykih COPY
kuhkukkh
e, kuke,
kwZ-kkk
nkkk{U
skkhCOPY
Mku
{u
n
Y{e
u
EMfu
fsu
fw
hk
Mku
kknh
nkU
,
fu
krV
knVVw
fk
nf
nkrMk
ni
.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 25(2): s[k ykih k[k kMk k ykih E{k fu nf kh nI. k{k{ k[u kn ke Mku kunu kik
nkU k ke fu kk {wykhke knVVwMku fMkkt kkih kh {wMkVe nkUku.
:
fku
kke{
: fk

:
26(1):
nh Mk
nf ni.kke{{w
^k nku:
ke, f{
Mku f{EkukE
ykih kw
rLkke
uO{U.
Vyk
Eku
kE
kke{
skhe
nku
ke.
VLke
yki
h
ku
kkhkLkk
kke{
nkrMk
fhLku
fk
yk{
ELku
{
rfk
ukkCOPY
ykih rkfk fe rkLkk kh ykk kke{ nkrMk fhLkk Mkk fu ru {Mkke kkih kh {w{feLk nkukk.
: - : - : - :
Vyk 26(2): kke{ fk {Mk ELMkkLke Mkk fe kwhe LkkuLkw{k nkukk. ykih ku ELMkkLke nwfwf ykih
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPYykkekU
- SPRAT
COPY fhLku
- fSPRAT
DO
COPY
NOT COPY
kwrLkke
fu yu: nDO
kuhNOT
k{{U EkVk
k shek: nku
keNOT
ku k{k{
fki{- kUykiSPRAT
h LkMke: DO
k {nke
k
k
u
n
kU
fu
hr{kLk
kkn{e
{Vkn{k,
hkkhe
yki
h
ku
M
ke
fku
khe
u
ke
yki
h
y{Lk
fku
khfhkh
hLku
: - : - : - :
fu ru yfk{u {wknuk fe Mkhkhr{kU fku ykku kZkyuke.
Vyk 26(3): kiLkfku EMk kkk fu ELkukk fk nf ni fu WLfu k[kUfku rfMk rfM{fe kke{ e uke.
:
fku fki
:{
ske
- {UykkkLkk
:
27(1):
nh Mk
fe MkfkVke
rnMMkk
uLku,yrkkk
Mku{w:MkVi
nku
Lku ykih
Vyk
MkkLMkfe
khe
yki
h
WMfu
VkE{U
rfo
k
fk
nf
nkMke
ni
.
Vyk 27(2): nh Mk fku nf nkrMk ni fu EMfu WLk ykfe ykih {ke {wVk fk k[k rfk u u WMku
: - : - : - :
yiMke MkkLMke, E{e k yke kMLkeVMku rsMk fk ku {wMkrkV ni, nkrMk nkuku nI.
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- yi
SPRAT
DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
NOTkuCOPY
28:COPY
nh Mk
Mku {wy:khke
ykihCOPY
kiLkwyfk{e
rLkk{{U
ykr{
nkuL-ku fk SPRAT
nfkh :niDO
rsMk{U
Vyk
k{k{
ykkekt
nwfwf nkrMk
MkfU uEMk
fh eu
kyu
nI. :
:
yki
h:
nku
yi
: kLk{U
ku
Vyk 29(1): nh Mk kh {wykhu fu nf nit. kUfu {wykhu{U hun fh WMfe Mkk ykkkLkk ykih kwhe
LkkuLkw{k {w{rfLk ni.
:
ykkekU
:
WXkLku
:{U
29(2):
ykLke
ykih
nwfwf Mku Vkk
nh Mk
rMkVo
yiMkenw
w fk: kkkt
nku
kk u
Vyk
wMkhkU
fe ykkekU
ykih: DO
nwfwfNOT
fku kMe{
h WLfk: DO
yunNOT
kuhk{ COPY
fhkLkufe- kso
Mku k s{nw
he NOT
rLkk{COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
COPYfhkLku
- yki
SPRAT
SPRAT
: DO
{U
ykf,
y{Lk
ykB{k
yki
h
yk{
Vkn
ku
n
kw
fu
{w
L
kkrMkk
k{kk
fku
kw
h
k
fhLku
fu
ru
fkLkwLk
: - : - : - :
fe khV Mku ykE rfu kyu nI.
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
: DO NOT
COPY
- e
SPRAT
: DO{wNOT
- yki
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
29(3):
u nwfwf SPRAT
ykih ykkekt
rfMke
nkk{U
yfk{u
knukfuCOPY
{fkrMk
h WMkw
kU fu rkV
Vyk
y{
{U LknkE
:
: Mkfket
. - : - :
30: EMk yikLkfe rfMke [e Mku fkuE yiMke kkk {whk Lkn e Mkfke rsMkMku rfMke {wf, kkun k Mk
Vyk
fku rfMke yiMke Mkhk{kU{U {MkYV nkuLku k rfMke yiMku fk{ fku yt{ uLku fk nf kik nku rsMkfk {Lkk
:
:
nku

WLk nwfwf yki

h ykkekU
fe khek
u nkt
kufe:kE
nI. - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
216
- ykuNOT
.ykE.Mke.
krfSPRAT
fu ynu{: DO
ykkku
w{COPY
kh - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
COPY{w{
-
NOT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - VITAL

SPRAT STATISTICS
: DO NOT COPY OF
- SPRAT
O.I.C. :COUNTRIES
[Data
deduced
SESRIC,
OIC]
: - :
-from

:
- :
yku.ykE.Mke. {w{krf fu ynu{ ykkku w{kh
: - : - : - :
Crude
Life
External
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT :Crude
DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOTPopulation
COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Birth
Death
Expectancy
2008
2008
2008
2008
2006
Per 1000
Per 1000
Years
Million
Billion USD
Debt, Total
RateRate at: Birth

:
- :
- :
No.
Countries
: - : - : - :
1
Afghanistan
46.54
19.57
43.95
29.02
1.65
SPRAT :2DO NOT

COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY6.20
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY -3.14
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
Albania
14.65
76.63
2.33
3
Algeria
72.39
:
- : 20.76
-4.92
:
-34.37
: 5.72
Azerbaijan
17.80
70.18
1.99
SPRAT :4DO NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY6.20
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY -8.68
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
5
Bahrain
18.02
2.62
75.91
0.78
Bangladesh
21.43
6.59
66.15
160.00
20.49
: - : - : - :
SPRAT :7DO NOT

COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY9.17
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY -8.66
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
Benin
39.40
61.38
0.81
8
Brunei
77.36
:
- : 19.80
-2.84
:
- 0.39
:
Burkina Faso
47.21
52.99
1.12
SPRAT :9DO NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY12.98
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY15.23
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
10
Cameroon
36.86
14.22
51.06
19.09
3.36
11
Chad
45.69
16.71
48.73
10.91
1.71
: - : - : - :
SPRAT :12
DO NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY6.69
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY -0.64
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
Comoros
32.43
65.35
0.30
13
Cote
d'Ivoire
10.84
57.44
12.82
:
: 34.95
:
-20.59
:
14
Djibouti
28.44
11.02
55.39
0.85
0.46
15
Egypt
24.70
5.85
70.14
81.53
28.76
16
Gabon
27.27
9.71
60.44
1.45
4.29
: - : - : - :
SPRAT :17
DO NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY11.28
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY -1.66
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
Gambia
36.76
55.93
0.72
18
Guinea
11.00
57.82
:
- : 39.63
:
- 9.83
: 3.28
19
Guinea-Bissau
41.19
17.21
47.82
1.58
20
Guyana
17.87
8.15
67.11
0.76
1.14
21
Indonesia
18.57
6.31
70.79
227.35
130.80
0.71
: - : - : - :
SPRAT :22
DO NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY5.71
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY71.96
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
Iran
18.91
71.44
20.12
23
Iraq- : 31.22
67.93
:
-5.87
:
-30.71
:
24
Jordan
25.73
4.19
72.71
5.91
8.00
25
Kazakhstan
22.70
9.70
66.44
15.67
74.15
:
- : 17.71
-1.88
:
- 2.73
:
26
Kuwait
77.97
-
SPRAT :27
DO NOT
COPY - SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY7.08
- SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY -5.28
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
Kyrgyzstan
24.36
67.37
2.35
28
Lebanon
72.05
23.99
:
- : 15.73
-6.96
:
- 4.19
:
29
Libya
23.30
4.08
74.33
6.29
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
yku.ykE.Mke.
{w{krf
fu ynu
ykkku w
{kh NOT
- 217COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO NOT
COPY
- { SPRAT
: DO
: - : - : - :
VITAL
O.I.C.
: DOSTATISTICS
NOT COPY - OF
SPRAT
: DOCOUNTRIES
[Data deduced from SESRIC, OIC]
: - : - : - :
yku.ykE.Mke. {w{krf fu ynu{ ykkku w{kh
: - : - : - :
Crude
Crude
Life
External
Population
Expectancy
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO Birth
NOT COPYDeath
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRATDebt,
: DO Total
NOT COPY
Rate
Rate
at Birth
Countries
: No.
: 2008
-2008
:
-2008
:
2008
2006

COPY
-
SPRAT : Years
DO NOT COPYMillion
- SPRATBillion
: DO NOT
PerNOT
1000
Per
1000
USD COPY
Malaysia
20.38
74.38- 27.01
56.49
: 30
:
- 4.48
:
:
31
Maldives
18.71
4.57
71.58
0.31
0.48
32
Mali
42.61
15.72
48.43
12.71
1.65
33
Mauritania
33.59
10.35
56.73
3.22
1.62
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO34
NOT COPY
- SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY - 5.82
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT : DO NOT
Morocco
20.42
71.29COPY - 31.61
17.88COPY
Mozambique
39.19
47.89- 22.38
2.98
: 35
:
- 15.94
:
:
36
Niger
53.54
14.92
51.40
14.70
0.86
37
Nigeria
39.83
16.37
47.91
151.21
7.80
38
Oman
21.96
2.70
75.91
2.79
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO39
NOT COPY
- SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY - 6.92
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT : DO NOT
Pakistan
30.09
66.53COPY -
166.11
35.88COPY
Palestine
35.54
73.47-
3.94
: 40
:
- 3.62
:
: -
41
Qatar
12.08
2.04
75.94
1.28
42
Saudi Arabia
23.42
3.64
73.12
24.65
: 43
:
- 10.82
:
- 12.21
:
Senegal
38.44
55.60
1.93
SPRAT : DO44
NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -
SPRAT : DO NOT
Sierra-
Leone
40.31
15.77
47.60COPY - SPRAT
5.56 : DO NOT
1.31COPY
Somalia
44.11
49.84-
8.93
2.84
: 45
:
- 15.71
:
:
46
Sudan
31.29
10.22
58.15
41.35
18.23
47
Suriname
18.98
7.58
69.02
0.52
: 48
- 3.38
:
: -
Syria :
27.98
74.23- 20.58
SPRAT : DO49
NOT COPY
- SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY - 6.39
SPRAT : DO NOT
Tajikistan
28.08
66.75COPY - SPRAT
6.84 : DO NOT
1.02COPY
Togo :
32.88
62.51-
6.46
1.79
: 50
- 8.16
:
:
51
Tunisia
17.70
5.80
74.30
10.33
18.76
52
Turkey
18.23
5.95
71.89
73.91
207.77
: 53
:
- 7.67
:
:
Turkmenistan
21.93
64.82-
5.04
0.89
Uganda
46.15
12.67
52.67COPY - 31.66
1.26COPY
SPRAT : DO54
NOT COPY
- SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY -
SPRAT : DO NOT
SPRAT : DO NOT
United
Arab
14.00
77.75-
4.48
: 55
:
- 1.50
:
: -
56
Uzbekistan
21.68
5.30
67.76
27.31
4.04
57
Yemen
36.80
7.23
62.92
22.92
5.56
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
218
- {wNOT
Mk{kLk
ykih -R{
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
Mk{kLk
R{: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO{w
NOT
COPY -yki
hSPRAT
: - : - : - :
MUSLIMS AND KNOWLEDGE
EXTRACTS OF SPEECH
HAFEZ
MOHAMED:
: - :BY
ADV.
- AB

: - :
DIRECTOR AL BARAKA BANK, SOUTH AFRICA
Demographics
World
: Jewish
14
:
:5m
2m
: 100

Population.
million
[7m
in America,
in Asia,
in Europe,
thousand
in
Africa]
World Muslim Population: 1.5 billion [1 billion in Asia/Mid-East, 400 m in Africa, 44 m in
Europe
:
: - : - :
, 6 min theAmericas]
Every
fifth
human
being: DO
is aNOT
Muslim.
For every single Hindu there are two Muslims
: For
there
:
- : - :
every
Buddhist
are
two Muslims
For
every
Jew
there
are
107
Muslims
Yet the 14 million Jews are more powerful than the entire 1.5 billion Muslims
Why?
: Here
are

:
- : - :
some
ofthe
reasons.
Movers
of Current
All Jew!
Albert- Einstein,
Marx,: Paul
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY - History
SPRAT -: DO
NOT COPY
SPRATSigmund
: DO NOTFreud,
COPY -Karl
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
Samuelson, Milton Friedman
: - : - : - :
Medical Milestones: All Jews:Vaccinating Needle: Benjamin Ruben, Polio Vaccine:
SPRAT
: DOSalk,
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
SPRATB:
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Jonas
Leukemia
Drug: :Gertrude
Elion,-Hepatitis
Baruch
Blumberg,
Syphilis
Drug:
Paul
Ehrlich,
Neuro
muscular:
Elie
Metchnikoff,
Endocrinology:
Andrew
Schally,
: - : - : - :
Cognitive therapy: Aaron Beck, Contraceptive Pill: Gregory Pincus, Understanding of
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYCohen,
- SPRAT
: DODialysis:
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Human
Eye:COPY
G. Wald,
Embryology:Stanley
Kidney
Willem
Kloffcame,
Nobel
: Prize
Winners
- : - : - :
- In the past 105 years, 14 million Jews have won 180 Nobel prizes whilst 1.5 billion
Muslims have contributed only 3 Nobel winners (in the fields of knowledge)
Inventions
:
History:
: Micro
Processing
- Chip:
:
Mezor,
- Nuclear
:
that
changed
Stanley
Chain
Reactor: Leo Sziland, Optical Fibre Cable: Peter Schultz, Traffic Lights: Charles Adler,
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Stainless Steel: Benno Strauss, Sound Movies: Isador Kisee, Telephone Microphone:
Video
Tape
Recorder:
Emile
: Berliner,

:
Charles
- Ginsburg
: - :
Influential Global Business: Polo Ralph Lauren,,Coca Cola, Levi's Jeans Levi Strauss,
SPRAT
: DO NOTHoward
COPY -
SPRAT Google
: DO NOT
COPY Brin,
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- Dell,
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Starbuck's
Schultz,
Sergey
Dell Computors
Michael
Oracle
Larry
Ellison,
DKNY
Donna
Karan,
Baskin
&
Robbins
Irv
Robbins,
Dunkin
Donuts
Bill
: - : - : - :
Rosenberg
Influential Intellectuals/ Politicians: Alan Greenspan, US Federal Reserve, Barry
Goldwater,
:
Benjamin
:
- British
Statesman,
:
-Kriesky,
: Austrian

US
Politician,
Disraeli,
Bruno
Chancellor,
Casper
Weinberger,
US
Sec
of
Defense,
David
Marshal,
Singapore
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRATChief
: DO NOT COPY
Minister, Henry Kissinger, US Sec of State, Herb Gray, Canadian Dep-PM, Isaacs
Isaacs,
:
-Australia,
:
-President
:
Joseph
- Lieberman,
:
Gov-Gen
Jorge
Sampaio,
Portugal,
Madeleine Albright, US Sec of State, Maxim Litvinov, USSR Foreign Minister, Michael
Howard, British Home Sec., Pierre Mendes, French PM, Richard Levin, President Yale
University,
:
- Rubin,
US
:
- Yevgeny
:
PM,
:
Robert
Sec
of Treasury,
Primakov,
Russian
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY{w-M
k{kLk
ykih:R{
219COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
DO -NOT
:
-Influentials:
:

: Walters
Eugene
:
Global
Media
Wolf
Blitzer,
CNN,
Barbara
ABC News,
Meyer, Washington Post, Henry Grunwald, Time Magazine, Katherine Graham,
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPYPost,
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
COPY - New
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
Washington
Joseph: DO
Lelyyeld,
New-York
Times,
Max
Frankel,
York:Times
Global
Philanthropists:
Soros,
Waltewr
:
- : George

Annenberg
: - :
So why are Muslims powerless? Here's another reason. We have lost the capacity to
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
produce
knowledge.
In
the
entire
Muslim
World
(57
Muslim
Countries)
are only
500universities.
: -
:
: there

:
In USA alone, 5,758 universities
SPRAT : DO
NOT alone,
COPY -8,407
SPRAT
In India
universities
Not
one
university
in
the
entire
Islamic
World
the Top
500
: - :
features
: in
Ranking
:
Universities of the World
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRATWorld
: DO NOT
Literacy
in the -Christian
90%COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Literacy
in
the
Muslim
World
40%
: - : - : - :
15 Christian majority-countries, literacy rate 100%
SPRAT : DO
NOTmajority
COPY - - countries
SPRAT : DO
Muslim
, None
98% in Christian countries completed primary
: - : - : - :
Only 50% in Muslim countries completed primary.
40%NOT
in Christian
attended
university
SPRAT : DO
COPY - countries
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
In Muslim countries a dismal 2% attended.
: - : - : - :
Muslim majority countries have 230 scientists per one million Muslims
TheNOT
USACOPY
has 5000
per million
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
The Christian world 1000 technicians per million.
:

: 50
: - :
Entire
Arab
World
only
technicians
permillion
Muslim
World
spends
on
research/development
0.2%
GDPCOPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: DOofNOT
Christian World spends 5 % of GDP
: - : - : - :
Conclusion-1
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPYWorld
- SPRAT
COPYto- produce
SPRATknowledge.
- The
Muslim
lacks: DO
the NOT
capacity
Another
way
of
testing
the
degree
of
knowledge
is
the
of diffusing
: - : - : degree
knowledge.
:
Pakistan 23 daily newspapers per 1000 citizen
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Singapore
360- per
1000 :citizens.
In UK book titles per million is 2000
: - : - : - :
In Egypt book titles per million is only 20
SPRAT : DO
Conclusion-2.
- Muslim
is
failing
to diffuse
:
World
-
:
knowledge
- : - :
Applying Knowledge is another such test.

SPRAT : DO NOT
- SPRAT
NOT
COPY -from
SPRAT
: DOisNOT
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
COPY
Exports
of high: DO
tech
products
Pakistan
1%COPY
of its -exports.
In Saudi
it is
0.3%
:
Arabia
:
- : - :
Kuwait, Morocco and Algeria 0.3%

SPRAT : DO NOT
COPY
Singapore alone is 58%
:
- : - : - :
Conclusion-3.
- Muslim
World-
is failing
apply
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
SPRAT to
: DO
NOTknowledge.
:
:
- : - :
So
why are
the
Muslims
so powerless!!!
Think..
:
http://www.pakistanihousewife.com/knowledge-is-power/
- : - : Reproduced
:blog.
[Courtesy:
from
a public
Ownership
credits lie solely with the author/publisher. We do not claim to certify the contents or authorship.]
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
220
- yuNOT
f kfu
rV -ku
k
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
COPY
SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
yuf kfu rV kuk
A Thought Provoking Blog
: -
http://blogs.muxlim.com/tahir_hamid37/muslims-a
: - : - :
[from
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY mongst-worlds-poorest-weakest-illiterate-what-went-wron/]

: - : Written
- by
: - :
Tahir
Pakistan
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRATMr
: DO
NOT Hamid
COPY - ofSPRAT
: - : - : - :
The combined annual GDP of 57 Muslim countries remains under $2 trillion.

SPRAT
: DO NOTjust
COPYby- herself,
SPRAT : produces
DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
SPRATtrillion;
: DO NOT COPY
America,
goods
and :services
worth- $10.4
China
$5.7
trillion,
Japan
$3.5
trillion
and
Germany
$2.1
trillion.
Even
Indias
: - : - : - :
GDP is estimated at over $3 trillion (purchasing power parity basis). Oil rich
SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- More..E.,
SPRAT : DOKuwait
NOT COPY
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
Saudi
Arabia,
U.A.
and-
Qatar
collectively
produce
goods
and
(mostly
$430
billion;
has ahigher
annual
services
:
- oil)
worth
:
-Netherlands
: alone
:
GDP while Buddhist Thailand produces goods and services worth $429 billion.
Muslims are 22 percent of the world population and produce less than five
percent
:
-
:Even
more
is
:that
the
- countries
:
of global
GDP.
worrying
Muslim
GDP
as
a
percent
of
the
global
GDP
is
going
down
over
time.
The
Arabs,
it
seems,
are particularly worse off. According to the United Nations Arab Development
Report:
:
women
:

:
Half
of Arab
cannot
read;
One
in five
Arabs
live
onless
than
$2: DO
perNOT
day;COPY
Only
percent
theCOPY
Arab-
population
personal
computer,
SPRAT
- 1 SPRAT
: DOofNOT
SPRAT : DOhas
NOTaCOPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
and
only
half
of
1
percent
use
the
Internet;
Fifteen
percent
of
the
Arab
: - : - : - :
workforce is unemployed, and this number could double by 2010; The average
SPRAT
: DO NOT
- per
SPRAT
: DOincome
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
growth
rateCOPY
of the
capita
during
the preceding
20 years
in the: DO
Arab
world
was
only
one-half
of
1
percent
per
annum,
worse
than
anywhere
but
: - : - : - :
sub-Saharan Africa.
The
: planets
countries
:
-
:
Leone,
-
:
poorest
include
Ethiopia,
Sierra
Afghanistan,
Cambodia,
Somalia,
Nigeria,
Pakistan
Mozambique.
At least
six of
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY -and
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOthe
NOT COPY
poorest of the poor are countries with a Muslim majority. Conclusion: Muslims
of
:
:the
: - :
the world
are among
poorest
of thepoor.
Fifty-seven Muslim majority countries have an average of ten universities each
: - : - : - :
for a total of less than 600 universities for 1.4 billion people; India has 8,407
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
universities,
the -U.S.
has 5,758.
: - : - : - :
From within 1.4 billion Muslims Abdus Salam and Ahmed Zewail are the only
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- who
SPRAT
: DOaNOT
COPYPrize
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRAT(Salam
: DO NOT COPY
two
Muslim
men
won
Nobel
in physics
and
chemistry
hisscientific
in
Italy and
UK,
at California
of
pursued
:
work
:
-the

: Zewail

- Institute
:
Technology). Dr Salam n his home country is not even considered a Muslim.
Over the past 105 years, 1.4 billion Muslims have produced eight Nobel
Laureates
: while
- amere
: 14
Jews
-
produced
:
Laureates.
:
million
have
167
Nobel
Of
the
1.4
billion
Muslims
less
than
300,000
qualify
as
scientists,
and
that
: DO
NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPYyu-fkfu
rV ku
k -NOT
221COPY
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
: DO
:
of: 230
scientists
-per

:million

- The

: States
converts
to a ratio
one
Muslims.
United
of America
1.1 million
scientists
has: DO
700,000
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPYhas
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
COPY - (4,099
SPRAT per
: DO million);
NOT COPYJapan
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
(5,095 per million).
:

:
: are
illiterate
of
:10
Fact:
Ofthe 1.4
billion
Muslims
800
million
(6 out
Muslims
cannot
read).
In
Christendom,
adult
literacy
rate
stands
at
78
percent.
Consider, for instance, that Muslims constitute 22 percent of world population
: - : - : - :
with a 1 percent share of Nobel Prizes. Jews constitute 0.23 percent of world
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- aSPRAT
: DO NOT
COPYof-
SPRAT
population
with
22 percent
share
Nobel
Prizes.
: - : - : - :
What really went wrong? Muslims are poor, illiterate and weak. What went
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DOright
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
- SPRAT
: DO NOT
wrong?
Arriving
at the
diagnosis
is :extremely
critical
because
theCOPY
prescription
on it.- : - :
:
-depends
:
Consider this:
: - : - : - :
Diagnosis
are
weak
because
haveCOPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY1:- Muslims
SPRAT : DO
NOTpoor,
COPY -illiterate
SPRAT and
: DO NOT
COPY
- SPRATthey
: DO NOT
abandoned the divine heritage of Islam. Prescription: We must return to our
:
-
: - : - :
real
or imagined
past.
Diagnosis 2: Muslims are poor, illiterate and weak because we have refused to
: - : - : - :
change with time.
[Reproduced with gratitude and credits to the author. However, as this article is reproduced from a
:
- : - : - :
public blog, book does not claim to testify to the authorship of this article]
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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222
- Ekk
ykih hk^kkU
fe VunrhMk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
Ekk ykih hk^kkUfe VunrhMk
SIGNIFICANT INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES
: - : - : - :
SPRAT
ku
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
-
: DO NOT COPY
Mkk: DO NOT
{kus,COPY
hk^k -fhLku
E,
hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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ykih hk^kkU
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223COPY
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NOT COPY
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DO-NOT
: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
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224
- Ekk
ykih hk^kkU
fe VunrhMk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
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225COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
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: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
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226
- Ekk
ykih hk^kkU
fe VunrhMk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ykih hk^kkU
fe Vun:rhMk
227COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO -NOT
: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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228
- Ekk
ykih hk^kkU
fe Vun:rhMk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ykih hk^kkU
fe Vun:rhMk
229COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO-NOT
: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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230
- Ekk
ykih hk^kkU
fe Vun:rhMk
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY
- SPRAT
DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
Mkk
{kus, hk^k fhLku ku
E, hk^k
fkir{k
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kk COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRATku: MDO
khe -NOT
231COPY
SPRAT : DO
: - : - : - :
kuMkhe
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
yko / Wkkuk
yko / Wkkuk
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
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: DO NOT COPY
fee
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kn: DO NOT COPYu
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: DO NOT COPYkk,
- rkkk
SPRATfhLku
: DO
NOT COPY
fy
Mku knuu
kku k
kMke
: - : - : - :
fke
kk fu, khn fu
MkkkU
ykk, rVkk
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
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f{e : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
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fe
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kknkhe
: - : - : - :
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: f
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:

kkhk
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SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
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wqM:k DO NOT COPYMk[kE
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k[Lkk
fkhyk{
fk{ ykLku kk
kkuk
siMku
: fkhkL
-
:fhLku
nku
L:ku{
fk{
kukku:
u
ykk
u,
fkhe
fw
y
ko
L
k
Mkne
kZLku
kk
kku
E
kku
Lkk
fkhELku fehk{
kZLku kkU
B{e]
fe khn, Mkwnqk
: - : - : - :
rfLkkyk
k[k, hkuMkk
h
kwVk
SPRAT : DO
DO
- SPRAT
fwkwNOT
k w{COPY
ke - SPRAT
kkuu : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
[khk:sku
E NOT COPYEks
fhkLkk : DO NOT COPY
: fwL
: kk
- [Mkkt
: :
ktkkLk - fhLku
rLkMkkk,
fw
h
u
o
yo
{eLke
rnMMkk
s{e{k
skn
fk, ykuL:zeMk
DO NOT COPY
fwkk unLke
wk r{kk
s{nwhek
nwfq{k, kktk
: - : - : - :
fwLk
nkuLkk
sk
k, sun
SPRAT : DO
: DOkk
NOT COPY - SPRAT
fkuNOT
kt COPY - SPRAT
fkue fhLku
se: DO NOT COPYLkk
nkk
kwLkkn
: firVk
-
: - shkE{
: :
fki
kku
k
nw
y
k
sehu
xkkw
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
232
- ku
MkheCOPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
DO NOT COPY
:

:
: yko
k :
- yko
/ Wkku
k -
/ Wkku
knfNOT COPY - {hLkk

Awek - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRATt: DO
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - kkekk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
hek
[kq , khe
kkkeh
n, kkekhU
: - : - : - :
rs{Lk, rsBLk
kkkk
kLkksy
skzu,
SPRATrsk
: DOLke
NOT COPY - u SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kknh
kLkkMkwk
r{fkh,-
kMkk
swLkwke -
kneLke
kLkkMkw
f, rnMMkk,rLkMkk
:
khV
: -
: k kkw
:
sw
L
kw
ke
ke
kVkMke
kw
h
e
Lkfkhe
si
Mfkuh, rLkktk
kkek
knku[kLkk, [kh
: - : - : - :
inh
wkekt,f{ke
kkE
fwhke
SPRATf
: DO NOT COPY - LkwMkkLk,
SPRAT
: DOD]NOT COPY - k{w
SPRAT
r[z[@
Lk : DO NOT COPY
Mkefk,- fw
kwSPRAT
hu[@ D] : DO NOT COPY
nku
k{ne
ki
V
: - : - : - :
kkLk
MknLku ku
khkek
khV kwkLkk
{
{eLkk
khSne
fe khV EBke
:

{:kLke
{kLke
-kkkLkk,
Lkw{:k#ke

hu- Vw
k : -
khsw
SPRAThku
: DOyuNOT
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY - khe
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kkkCOPY - kkk
[ek fu heyu
ELfkh -fhLkk
hkyk
u
ke
khkek
kkkkh,
Ztk
: - : - : - rMkrMkk,
:
heVekU
ykkku
kh{e{
kk
nLkek
r[kh ke
khken
kkh kkh, h{kLkfe kMk
:
- :
nkLkk
yf{te
k
fzk
h
kke{ -u
Lku ku
SPRATEV
: DO NOT COPY - f{ku
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY - kkk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
EV
f{ku
h
,
kw
Z
k
kkk
WB{eU
: - : - : - :
EVe
f{kuhe, kwZkkk
kkwLk
kuuLMk, khkkhe, {Mkke
kLkwu yk
ykfk khkk
kkV
ykhkf{U w{Lkk
:
-
ku
: -
: t
e {hkkk
Esk
ke
kk :
kk NOT COPY - {w
k[@NOT
D] COPY - kMeMk
sn kkkLkk
SPRATu:DO
LkkMkek,
SPRATMkt
: DO
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ku
ku
fku
k
{khLkk
kexLkk
kMkw
h
kk
kku
{U
: - : - : - :
kf{e
kwhk fhLkk
kw
zkf, rntMkk
SPRATkfhw
: DOoh NOT COPY - {w
fk{
SPRAT
SPRAT
- SPRAT
uLkk : DO NOT COPY - kw
: DO NOT COPY
nMkk, zkE
kzk : DO NOT COPY
:
-
:
-
: Ek{u
-LkkLk
:
kfeu
rhkkk
kwh
kLku rhku
kh [Lkk
k^Ve
kfek
kkfk
khen
ku
fh
wkMkk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - kkkLkk,
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
kfMke{
kktxLkk
khen
wkMkk, knk
: - : - : - :
kef
kukE
ke
r fhLkk
SPRATkefe
: DO NOT COPY -ryu
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY - kneh
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: DO NOT COPY
xe, yMke
Enkh,-
ViSPRAT
kLkk
kkku w -
fku
e : -
kn^Vw
:
: rnVkke
- :
ksrk
k
u
L
kk
knB{w
kko
Mk,- Mk
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
ke
kykwLk
k fhLkk
hku, {
: - : - : - :
kSon
kMkt, yrk
kykwLk
{
SPRATkSo
: DO
SPRAT
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
- uSPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
nkkNOT COPY - kune
kMkt : DO NOT COPY - kykLk
kyLk, kkLku
Lkk
ke-
kuE
sk
kyiwL:k k
fhLkk :
:
:fhLkk,e
-
-
krV, e
kk fkE: DO NOT COPY
fk kf
SPRATkk
: DO NOT COPY - {w
SPRAT
: DOfhLkk
NOT COPY - kk
SPRAT
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ku: MDO
khe -NOT
233COPY
SPRAT : DO
:
-
:/
: :
yko
Wkku
k -
yko/
Wkku
k
kke{kVkk
kZueu: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lks{: DO NOT COPYkhefk,
ELkuk{: DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
- SPRAT
kkB{w
ne[fe[knx
Lkshu MkkLke
wMkhe kkh rkLkk
: - : - : - :
kkkehkk
{kk kkkLkk
LkVMkekke
ke kkuh kh
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
kke
e
Lk{wkh
ekE
uLkk : DO NOT COPY
{
uLkk- Lkkhyk{k
zkE,
xfhkyku
, Mkk{Lkk
: kkE
-
: fhLkk,
Mkkk
:
:
kkhe
kw
s
hk
nw
y
k
s{kLkk
Lkkkkkk
ku
z
kki
u
kkheu Mkk
{okLke ykun[@ D],
Lkk{k
h{eLke
: - : - : - :
kke{
Esk
Lkk{k
h{eLke
SPRAT : DO
NOT
NOT
COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYVfk
- Lkk{
SPRAT
kkMMkw
k COPY - SPRAT
u k: DO
fhLkk.
{kLkLkk
Lkk{rLknk
fu : DO NOT COPY
kkyk
kt
ke[@
D]
,
fu
n
Lkk
Lkku
Ekyk
Vi
kLkk,
AkkLkk
: - : - : - :
rkhk
kukkh
Lkkne
kknhe kzkue
ke{khkh
Eks fhLku kk
Lkkru ykekh
ihku fe {unuhkkLke
: kw
-
: ku
:

:
hoyu EBkyk
kMk
n[kLk,
rLkkrLk- Lku
rLku
kk
SPRAT : DO
kunNOT
heh COPY - SPRAT
rkx: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkk{: DO NOT COPYh{eLk
kku
ek
Mkh
khMke
Lkkrf
k{ek
: - : - : - ZwtZLku: ku

kkiSnkk
sn kkkLkk
LkkrV
nwf{ fhLkk, kkw fhLkk
kkien
kuLkk, MkVkE uLkk
Lkkhkkhe
uk
: kts
:
rLkkkh
f{e ZtqZLku kk
LkkMkwh
kun
hk
{
ktNOT
e{U COPY - SPRAT
MktMkkyu:, DO
EkhuNOT COPY - SPRAT
LkkMkun: DO NOT COPYLkMkenk
fhLku ku
SPRAT : DO
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
kt
ne
kw
h
u
ku
f
Mku
rLkkkhe
rkx,
z
k
u
#
k
: - : - : - :
suo kkk
Qkh rk
rLkMV
ykk
ko^k
{kw{kk, kus
rLkMkkLk
kk
: h
:k,
: nwy:k,
yMkLkk- EMk
EMk
kihkLk- rLkMkkk
k
fek
rMkukMk
Mk
nkk : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
Lkww: DO NOT COPYLkkr
nkuLkk, WkhLkk
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
- SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
MkkhMk
knkU
[
,
nkk{U
Lkki
E
k
fe
khn
: - : - : - :
Mkrkkk
nkk{U nkuLkk, r{Lkk
kwhkw
zkE kzk, rntMkk
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO
nkLku
rfLkkhu, {w
Ln kh
kwh{Mkho
k NOT COPYw-
e MkuSPRAT
hkwh : DO NOT COPY
: nkU
:
:
{ut - 10 Mkkku
{U - ku:n
{
kkkkh
krLkh
yf
{t
ku
hVk
ykku
fkur
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - kZLkk,
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
rkh
wMkhk, ykih
kifh
r{Mkk
: - : - : - :
rVk
k[k
kiYfkh
LkfMku f{ kh [Lkuku
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
- SPRAT
rkn
kMkt fhLkk
Vo : DO NOT COPYELMkkLk,
yuf : DO NOT COPY
hMk - wh kf
yMkh
fhLkk - VhLk
yufyu
f :
: wh
:
: w
h
u
Vfehe
VhMkw
k
kw
h
kLkk
uhkk
uh kf
VhkkLkeu
ek nkuLkk, fMkhk
: - : - : - :
kihu se
[kw k{u, Lkk kih
VhefiLk
Mkkke
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYVo- SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
Lkk
k{ek:ZwDO
tZLku ku
Vhek
kkkt
rLkfkLku
ku- Vhku
kwk~kwk u
Lkk,{kV
fhLkk
: Lkk
-
:
:
:
LkwNOT
k COPY - SPRAT
kzkE, Lkw: DO
{kE,
yntCOPY
fkh - SPRAT
Vhku:k DO NOT COPYykku
kZkk
SPRAT : DO
NOT
- kZLkk,
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
234
- ku
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
DO NOT COPY
:

:
: yko
k :
- yko
/ Wkku
k -
/ Wkku
Lktkk : DO NOT COPY - kiSPRAT

kwk: DO NOT COPY
kk kLkk,
kMk
SPRATVn
: DO NOT COPY - kt
k,SPRAT
- MktzSPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
Vyk
yuxerMx, fk{ fhLku ku
kiLkw yfk{e
{wfkUfu hr{kLk
: - : - : - :
VkE
{wfk{, kfhwoh fhLkk
kiYLke
kknh fu
SPRATrV: DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
f
nh yuf kh
{fkk
Mfw,{Mkk
rVhfkkhkLkk
rkhku
nkt: -
{fkw
kq fhLkk
:
-
: ek
fw :
rVken
y[kLkf,
Vki
h
Lk
{fYs
fo
kh
Vu
fk{
{fMkw
{tk, {fMk
: - : - : - :
kfk
kkfe hunLkk
{wf
kuk, fk
SPRATkkrnh
: DO NOT COPY - uSPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
Lku kh, yk{
kkihNOT
kh COPY - {w
k : DO NOT COPY
r{e sw-
e SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kr
rs
fhLkk
{Mkw
M
k
kMk
: - : - : - :
kkhes
ehu ehu
{krhke
ke{e
kLk
kwhk Mkku[Lkk
{snufk
{f kuk fhLku kk
:
-
:
-
h: rsMfk
-r

:
kkk fhLkk
ku
k fhLkk,
zk fhLkk
{fw
rfk kk
nku
SPRATk{kLke
: DO NOT COPY - kLke
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY - {B{k
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
fu
kwhkE kkkLkk
khknu
fh{
{nu
h
kkLke
fhfu
{nu
f
ku
nt
M
ke
ke
: - : - : - :
khuo Mkkeh
yk{ kkih kh rnLkukkf,
{k{eLk
{{wLk [p]
khuo yk{
{eLk fk kzk rnMMkk, tz
{e
kk
:
kfk
yuf Mkkk, yufne k kh
{kkwykk
Ake
nwE :
ko
khA : DO NOT COPY - {kLk
kkX, Mkkf
SPRATkkkw
: DOMNOT
COPY - kwASPRAT
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kkkeLk
yt
h,
Aw
kk
nw
y
k
{kkLkk
Lkh{e,
ke :
: - : - : - MktS
kkLke
kwLkek hLku kk
{Lwh
Mkwh, fkk
kkk
[uxh, rnMMkk
{Lk yLk
u nku ku, suMkk kiMkk
:
:
: Wxk
- :
kkkkh-
[u
suo kk,
kun
kh -
{LkVe
Mku khu : DO NOT COPY - {W
kk w-
k SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRATkkkeLke
: DO NOT COPY - rLk
SPRAT
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kkekkt
kze
W{h
ku
{kk
u
L
kk
: - : - : - :
kkh
feLk, {kLkLkk
{kneLk
kkheV fhLku ku
SPRATkkn{,
: DO NOT
SPRAT
: DO
SPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kkn{eCOPY - Mkkk
{U, ykkMk
{ut NOT COPY - {w
o{w{khe
ykkke-
rkkk
:
{: Lkfkhe
- :
kkyMk -
su
n : -
{Vnw
rkkkeo
k
rMkrMku
kh,
kkeo
kMku
{ksw
fe
khV- {ku
Lkk
zSPRAT
: DO NOT COPY
rk{wfkrk
fu Mkk{Lku
{kwok
r{u nwyu
: - : - : - :
rkkMkk
Mkeu Mku
{BLkwy
hkufLkk, {Lkk fhLkk
SPRATkeLkkE
: DO NOT COPY - uSPRAT
DO
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kkLkk, ykt:
kUfeNOT
hkuLkeCOPY - {kfu
{kifu - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kwkwork-
kws
wko,W{hkh,
{k
:
: fkrku
-
: {{w
-Lk :
kw
h
ko
f
Mkkhe
{kMkkke
kh
Lku ku : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPYknku
- [SPRAT
kukhe
k]fkk, kLkk
{hfws
yuf skn s{k nkuLkk
: - : - : - :
kukk
rsMMku kkwf Lk nku, rLkzh
{hkrn
yuf fu kk wMkhk {wfk{
SPRATku: DO
SPRAT
SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kuMk NOT COPY - kki
h Vku : DO NOT COPY - {hkykk
Mknwku-t SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
kunkw-
kE
{M
:
: -
: rkkkz
- :
wh{ke
ke : DO NOT COPY - {Mkw
hkk : DO NOT COPY
ykihk k
SPRATku: nDO
NOT COPY - ku
ESPRAT
SPRAT
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
ku: MDO
khe -NOT
235COPY
SPRAT : DO
:
-
:/
: :
yko
Wkku
k -
yko/
Wkku
k
{MkLkw
E COPY - SPRAT
kLkkxe: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
{wLkk
nwySPRAT
u
SPRAT : DO
NOT
: DO NOT COPY[wL-ku
: DO NOT COPY
{MkYV
fk{ {U nkuLkk
{wLkfe
kLkk
: - : - : - :
{MkYh
we
{wLke{eLk
ELku{ fhLku ku
SPRAT : DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
SPRAT
:
DO
NOT
COPY
- SPRAT
: DO
{Mkke
khkkh
{wLkfrMkh
ykSe
kk, Lk{o
rNOT COPY
yuf :su
Mkk - {w:LkT
{ yAu
: {Mkkkk
-
khefu
M:ku,Mkk

{~f
u
xeMk
{w
L
kn{
s{e
fhLkk
{n
rMkVo
{wLknMkeh
xefk nwyk
: - : - : - :
{MMkh
r{Lkk, nkrMk
{wLkyr
kLkkLkk, s{kLkk
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYELfkh
- SPRAT
{ykhk
{kVe : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
{wLfh
fhLku ku: DO NOT COPY
{yke
fkhku
kkhe
{w
V
rh
Mkku
[
Lkk
ku
fhLku
: - : - : -
,: rV
{Ek
EfkuLkku{e, fkhkukkh
{wVMMk
kVMkeMku
{Vykk
ykku keAu
{wkknMku
kkk [ek, [[ko
: {kw

- Mkuu:Lkk,
rLk[kuz
,Lkke- {w:{
kMkuk r{Lku
swLku:
SPRAT : DO
NOT
DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYeB{u
- kh
SPRAT
{kw
COPY - SPRAT
nxkLkk, :khkhV
{whkfk
nkuLkk : DO NOT COPY
{kkyu
L
kk
fkrku
f
{w
h
kMku
k
knkU
[
,
kku
: - : - : - :rfkkkk

{knMk
ykeh
{wke
xkLkk
{krnheLk
rLkktk,
{wkrVk
rsMMku {kunkknku
: r{fkh
-
nw
rnMMkk
{wMk
r{k
yk :
{wfNOT
heoh COPY - SPRAT
kkuLku ku
, kfheh
{wMkLk
rfk nwy: k,DO
Mkkrkk
SPRAT : DO
: DO
NOT fhLku
COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYkMkef
- SPRAT
NOT COPY
{w
f
e{
{w
f
k{e
,
hu
Lku
ku
,
fk{
{w
M
kk
Mkne,
w
Y
Mk,
[k
: - : - : - :
{wfi
fi nkuLkk
{wMkrkV
rLku ku
{wrgV
yk
{wMkh
kMeh kLkkLku kk
: {w
: Ergkh
kk
- {w:~k{e
kkh - kkfkkk,
EMku{
k :
{wNOT
kMk COPY - SPRAT
yk fhLkk,
{w~krhf
wMSPRAT
khu Mku r{u: DO
nwyu NOT COPY
SPRAT : DO
: DO kMk
NOTfhLkk
COPY - SPRAT
: DO NOT COPYyu-f
{w
rn
fku
e
fhLku
kk
,
{w
~
khe
yu
f
rMkkkh
fk
Lkk{
: - : - : - :
{wRLk
MkLkk
{wkfo
hef
SPRAT : DO
SPRAT
{wNOT
kfuhkkCOPY - SPRAT
kkk[ek: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT
{wknu: DO
k NOT COPYu- Lkk,
t[Lkk : DO NOT COPY
: {w
:
- {w:n
wk,: nfefk
hk
iLk - ykhkMkk,
MkLkk
ufkLkkkurnrff
{w
krn
sw
z
u
nw
y
u
{w
n
sk
ku
n
ek
k^kk,
ykkkMku
{wkLkkk
[ukkLke
{wnkMkukk
rnMkkk uLkk
: - : - : - :
{wkVhf
yk yk
{wykLkeLk
Mkkke kh, {kkh
SPRAT : DO
: DO
: DO NOT COPYk-
SPRAT
{wNOT
k{ELkCOPY - SPRAT
Ek{uLkkLk
kNOT COPY - SPRAT
{wykrnu
fhLkk,
fhkh : DO NOT COPY
kkhf - {wkkhf
MMkh yMkhkh
: {w
: - {w:y
:
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kMrMkk
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: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
Lkwt NOT
kkCOPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO 239
SPRAT : DO
NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
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: - : - : - :
NOTES
: - : - : - :
1.
2. - : - : - :
:
SPRAT : DO
3. NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
4.
:
5. - : - : - :
6.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
: - : - : - :
8.
9.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
: - : - : - :
11.
12. - : - : - :
:
13.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
:
15. - : - : - :
16.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT : DO
: - : - : - :
18.
19. - : - : - :
:
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :
240
- ku
Lkwt: kk
SPRAT
: DO
NOT
DO NOT COPY
: - : - : - :
20.
21.
: - : - : - :
22.
: - : - : - :
23.: DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY - SPRAT : DO NOT COPY
SPRAT
: - : - : - :
24.
25.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT
: - : - : - :
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28.
: - : - : - :
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31.
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35.
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38.
: - : - : - :
39.
: - : - : - :
SPRAT
: - : - : - :
: - : - : - :

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: - : - : - :

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ku Mkwn k u hkk fk k{k Lkk fhu!

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What is a morning, if not the end of the

Rajnagar Complex, Narayan Nagar Road, Paldi, Ahmedabad 380007

E-mail: khitab@sprat.in Web: www.sprat.in

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Figure 4 - Bijli Aur Internet Ka Istemal

Figure 9 - Sehat Ki Sahoolaten

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Table 4- Unit ke Panch Behtareen Idare .................................................... 39

Table 9 - Countries And GDP................................................................... 132

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