Quy trnh hc tp c tng dnh cho ngi mi bt u

(dch t din n c Trung Quc) - Go_player (nguyn tc: Ngi mi hc - ng vo c tng, tc gi Lu in Trung)

Phn 1: Hc c nh th no?
Mn c tng l mn c kh nhiu bin ha hm cha, mun hc c tng tt, tt nhin cn c kinh nghim v thi gian, i vi bt k vn no, u phi tri qua qu trnh tm hiu: t lc cha hiu my, n lc hiu kha kh. Trong qu trnh , tt nhiu phi tiu ph thi gian v sc khe, nh ngi ta thng ni: phi trng cy mi c th hi qu. Nu ni dung hc tp theo th t hp l, li c phng php thch hp, th hiu qu thu cl trong tm tay: tc tin b nhanh chng, thm ch hc 1 m bit 2, 3 . Ngi mi hc thng c cu hi: Nn hc ci g trc, ci g sau? Hc ci g th c hiu qu thc t nht? Nhng vn ny ng l rt cn thit gii p. Nu bn cha tng hc c, mong bn theo th t cc giai on hc tp v ni dung hc tp sp xp ln lt di y. Nu bn c thi gian nghin cu hc tp nht nh, th cng c th t mnh i chiu th t ny vi nng lc v qu trnh hc tp ca bn than, hc cao ln na. A. Giai on nhp mn: 1. u tin nn hiu i khi v lch s c tng. Hc tp v nm vng cch i qun c, hiu s lc v phn nh kt qu: thng (n tng) thua (b n tng) - ha (khng ai c kh nng n tng ca ai) Bit k hiu khi ghi chp vn c- t mnh xem sch, hiu cc tri thc c bn, thng thng. 2. Hc tp cc cch chiu ht c bn v cc mu c tn thc dng c

bn (n gin, r rng nht). Hiu c l do mi nc i (kh nng phn tch n gin) trong cc mu chiu ht v cc mu c tn c bn. 3. Bit phn bit cc loi cc cch by trn, nm phng php, la chn cc loi b cc c bn thng gp hc tp. Nm c: phng php l lun c bn ca b cc, cc chin thut c bn cng vi cc n chiu ht c bn v thc dng. 4. T cc mu chiu ht trong trung cc, hc tp chin lc v chin thut trung cc, tin ti hiu c nguyn tc chin thut v l lun c bn ca trung cc. 5. Xem u c hoc hc tp vn c ca danh th, thng qua phn tch, bnh lun ca cao th m hc cc cch vn dng k chin thut ca h. 6. Tin hnh luyn tp thc chin (vi s kt hp nhng g hc : tn cc, st php, trung cc, b cc) Hnh thc luyn tp c th l xa lun chin (vng trn, nh vi nhiu ngi) hoc mt i mt, hoc chi vi cao th (cao th nh ng lot vi nhiu ngi ang hc c) v.v Nm c cc hnh thc v yu cu ca cc gii thi u. Nu c iu kin th tm hiu cch s dng ng h chi c, v thnh tho ghi chp bin bn. Tng bc tp luyn kh nng nh vn c v kh nng phn tch li vn c. ( rt kinh nghim) B. Giai on cng c v nng cao: 1. Bt u hc tp cc cc chiu ht (st php) hi phc tp. Ri c lp gii cc hnh chiu ht trong sch c. Tng bc rn luyn kh nng tnh nhm. Hc tp v xem xt cc mu chiu ht trong thc chin. Thnh thc th t v nm vng iu kin xy ra st cc-bi dng cm gic st cc. 2. Tip tc hc su vo c tn, vi hnh thc hc theo tng chuyn nh vi cc mu thng-ha thc dng. Hc tp c tn ca danh th, tng bc h thng ha c tn. 3. Cn c c im bn thn (iu kin v xu hng yu thch) m chn ly 3 hoc 5 loi hnh b cc (i trc v i sau). T vic bt chc s dng cc nc i mu vo thc chin lm quen vi b cc, m bit c bn thn thch hp nht vi loi no chn hc su. Mi loi b cc u c chin lc v chin thut tng ng vn dng, tm thi nn hc theo loi b cc ph hp vi c tnh ca mnh, nh th, thun li hn trong vic p dng k, chin thut. 4. Tip tc hc cc chin thut hi phc tp ca trung cc, kt hp vi thc chin nm bt l lun trung cc. Nghin cu i sch v phng php tnh ton. Lu gii quyt cc vn qu khi chuyn giao cc giai on: t b cc sang trung cc, t trung cc sang tn cc

(t mc ch ph hp vi iu kin thc t trn bn c v c gng t mc ch). Tng bc bi dng nng lc kt hp t tng chin lc vi thc, cm gic chin thut. 5. Qu trnh hc tp b cc, nn kt hp vi b sung thc chin, tt nht l thc chin nghim cn theo yu cu ging nh u gii c (gii c 2 ngi, hoc nhiu ngi) Cng c th th tp chi c nhanh. Qua hiu r hn v lut c, cch thc c im ca vic tham gia thi u. u xong c th cng nhau xem li vn c, tng bc tin hnh t tng kt v hc tp (cc vn chin lc chin thut, tm l v k xo) 6. Gng hc thm mt s vn c ca danh th thc chin. hiu thm v tm l thi u, cch ngh chin lc v cch thc hnh cc n chin thut. Trn y l chng ti da vo kinh nghim dy c nhiu nm m sp xp 2 giai on u ca quy trnh hc c dnh cho nhng ngi mi hc c. Ngi mi hc c th ty theo trnh bn thn, mc hng th vi vic rn luyn c m la chn v sp xp cch hc. Nhng nht nh ch trng th t: t n gin n phc tp, t d n kh, ch trng c s, nguyn tc p dgn tng giai on v nguyn tc ton cc. Da vo quy trnh ni trn hc ly mt t kin thc c s, t kim tra mnh c c s kin thc cha, bi v vic pht trin n trnh cao thm, rt ph thuc vo kin thc c s. C. nh c thc chin Thc chin l cch chnh nng cao sc c, trong thc chin c c hc tp v rn luyn, ch c da vo thc chin mi c th o su, l gii, tiu ha v hp th ni dung ca sch v. Cng ch c qua nhiu ln thc chin, mi c th tng bc trc tip tch ly kinh nghim v kin thc hu ch, mi c th xa b bnh l thuyt sung. Trong khi thc chin, ngi mi hc nn ch my vn sau: - S lng vn c hp l, qu t hay qu nhiu u c nh hng ti vic nng cao sc c. nh qu t th khng th kp thi n chng s hc (gm tri thc v l lun), li cn lm gim bt hng th hc c, quan trng hn c l thiu st v rn luyn, nh hng trc tip n nhng tch ly v kinh nghim. nh c qu nhiu, thng li do qu hng th m mun nh, khi nh c s ch mun nh nhiu vn v nh nhanh m khng chu suy ngh, nh th th khng ch v ch trong vic nng cao, m cn nui dng bnh ty tin khi nh c (v c khi suy ngh-th

mi nguy him), cn khng bng t t dn dn, nh vn no ngh k vn . Theo tnh hung thng thng, thiu nhi c th nh 150-180 vn mi nm cng c, ngi ln th 120-150 vn mi nm l thch hp. - Phi ch cht lng vn c, u tin, tnh i th khng nn khc bit nhiu so vi trnh ca mnh, h hi gii hn mt cht l tt nht, trnh gn nhau tin cho giao lu, c ch cho vic cng nhau tin b; cht lng nh c t hiu qu cao v gi c hng th, phi trnh i th trnh cch qu xa. Tip theo, bt k i th cao hay thp, ti mi nc c, mi vn c phi nhn nhn trch nhim vi kt qu thng-bi, ch c nh th, th khi lm trn, u c mi hot ng ht cng sut-c ch cho rn luyn v nng cao. nh c cht lng, th kin thc v s hc mi c kim nghim cht ch, mi t c mc ch thc s ca l gii v hp thu kin thc. - nh c xong phi kp thi xem li, tng kt chnh xc c mt; cho d i vi k th trnh cao th y cng vn l mt k thut luyn tp rt l quan trong. Mun xem li th tt nhin cn ghi chp, ghi chp trong khi nh c hoc sau khi nh c nh li m chp u c, ch yu cu khng c sai nhm th t nc i. Vn c d thng hay thua, cng u cn phi xem li. Nu l vn thng, th khng nhng tng kt kinh nghim ln sau pht huy, m cn c sc tm kim nc c cha mnh tuyt i. Nu l vn thua, ng nhin xem li tm sai st, m cn ghi nh khi tin b s nh li.Nh th, n tng mi su sc - d nh, d hiu v hp thu. Mi c th qua mi vn c m tin mi bc.. - Khi xem li, t mnh phi cng bng khch quan, nhn nhn chnh xc s vic phn tch bin chng, trgn im l t phng php t duy, l lun, tnh ton m tm c tnh quy lut ca vn , khng ch da vo mi nc c hay hoc d, chin thut thi hnh c hay mt. Tt nht c iu kin nn mi cao th gip phn tch, ch cho ch xu-tt, c-mt, nh vy s bit ta cn sai st ch no, tin cho vic nng cao. Kt hp vn c ca mnh, vi tham kho i chiu cc k ph lin quan ca cao th, hoc t nht cng tm c sch chuyn mn v b cc hoc tn cc thy c nhng ch cn sa cha trong cch i ca mnh, li thy c cch t duy ca bn thn vi ca cao th khc nhau th no, tin ci thin t duy, mau chng tin b. (gi c c SW chnh dng lc ny y) - Cn kp thi b sung cc chnh l vo k ph (bin bn): 1) l cc bnh lun, ch thch n gin v c hay mt.

2) l thng tin thi gian thun tin phn loi, lu tr v tra cu, phn tch. - C lm mi nh th: thc chin-tng kt-hc tp, ri li thc chintng kt-hc tp, mt qu trnh tun hon khng ngng ngh, mi c th cng c kin thc hc, mi pht hin c vn ny sinh, ri mi tm phng hng gii quyt vn , c th khng ngng, l con ng nng cao trnh thc chin vy! D. C s nn mng Phn trc c ni qua v vn c s ri, y ni thm v mc quan trng ca kin thc c s: Nh cao vn trng cng t mt t dng ln kin thc c s i vi s pht trin sau ny cc k quan trng. Bi vy, ngi mi hc c nu mong hc n thu o, nn kin tr m hc rt k nhng kin thc ban u, l lun c bn ca c tng (khai, trung, tn cc mi giai on u c nguyn tc c bn, hnh mu c bn) cn hc dn dn mt cch chc chn, ng mong rt ngn thi gian m b st kin thc. Tng c nhiu v d ging nh chuyn ny: ngi n chi c my chc nm, i thi u ti gii c, gp n c tn tt thng m vs. s m khng thng ni, sau hi hn cng ch kp g Cng phu c bn khng chc chn, ch t hn ch bn thn trong tin b v pht trin. i vi kin thc hay nc c, vn c no , ngi mi hc cn t mnh suy ngh, t cu hi, lt ngc-xoay xui vn tm ra nguyn tc. C th i vi ch mt hnh c no , cn suy ngh nhiu ln, t nhiu hng, thm ch kt qu r rng, cng phi thay i cch suy ngh, kim tra r sot tt c mi kh nng - l thi quen cn c. V d c tn m tt ph khuyt mt s (2 tng+1 s) - tuy rng ai cng ni chc chn l thng phi khng? Th vn cn phi so snh cc trng hp khc nhau gia tt cao v tt thp (tt thp cn c hng 2 hoc hng 3 cng khc nhau) ri th li dng v tr ca tng s tng bn ch nh th no, s dng mt tng ca mnh ra sao, tm mi k xo phi hp cc qun tn cng v.v a n kt qu chc chn, gn gng nht. V vy, i vi mi loi hnh c, chng ta nn tm ti hiu su mt cht (su hn kt qu hin nhin), nm bt kin thc cng phi chc chc hn mt cht, trnh hi ht ly l. Nh th, khi vn dng s kho lo, linh hot hn. Ngoi ra, li cn lin tc h thng ha cc kin thc hc c, kp thi pht hin nhc im no cn tr tin b ca bn thn, ri thng qua vic rn luyn v hc tp lin tc bi b,

khc phc nhc im. C mt anh n, ngy ngy hc khai cuc, nh c vn cha gii, li vn m m luyn khai cuc, ra qun thng c thng thong, nhng kt qu thc chin vn bi quan, l mt cn bng trong rn luyn v khng thy c im mnh v im yu cn khc phc ca bn thn. E. Tun theo quy tc nng cao hiu sut Theo quy lut khch quan thng thng, c th hnh dung qu trnh hc tp v nng cao trnh theo nh thnh ng miu t sau ba lng thc tin tin, loa ton thc thng thng (ngha l: tin u nh t sng, ln dn hnh v c). V vy, chng ta mun hc nhiu thm mt cht, hay l hc tp trung trng im vo vn no hn 1 cht, cng cn tun th quy lut khch quan ny, vo tng giai on (ca hc tp) li ra nhng yu cu mc ch ring cho ph hp. V d: + trong thi gian c c s tin b trng thy, li cn quay v phn hun luyn b sung, cng c cng phu c bn, ng thi li tch cc khai thc nghin cu c chiu su v chiu rng ca kin thc th mi hu ch trong vic duy tr tc tin b; + khi tc tin b c v chm chp, th nht quyt khng nn nng ny vi vng, m li cn ch iu tit cm gic v nhp hc tp, t mc tiu tin b chm li mt cht, nh th, mi c th t c s hi phc tin b nhanh nht. Hiu sut, ngha l so snh khi lng cng vic v hiu qu cng vic lm c trong mt khong thi gian nht nh. Khi chng ta tun theo quy lut hc tp trn, ng thi li phi quan tm n hiu sut hc tp. i vi c tng, th vic u t hc tp vi vic tin b v trnh c mi lin quan trc tip, nhng i vi nhng ngi hc c khc nhau, li c nhng nhn t ring: thi gian hc tp trc v sau-sm hay mun, gii tnh tui tc khc nhau, nng lc sng to khc nhau, cng vi thi chm ch kh luyn hay l khng kh luyn, phng php hc tp tt cha, iu kin hun luyn chnh lch, iu kin rn luyn thc chin chnh lch nhng nhn t ring ni trn s nh hng mnh ti tc v thnh qu cui cng. Ngi hc c v thy dy c cn ch n cc nhn t ring ny, m cn c vo tnh hung c th m t ra i sch: cch dy, cch hc, mc tiu tc tin b trong kh nng s dng cc phng php hun luyn hc tp sao cho khoa hc.

F. Tng cng t tu dng bn thn. 1. o c: Nu mun hc c tin b dn dn ln n nh cao, u tin, li phi hc lm ngi , nhng iu ny tng chng khng lin quan n nhau, ha ra li cc k quan trng v tt yu. Tiu chun nh gi mt k th, t c ch kim vn theo th t: - K c (o c) - K phm (phm cht, kh nng) - k ngh (ngh thut-ngh ngng). o c c coi trng, m t ln hng u, ch yu nhn mnh phi gm c ti. Ngi chi c, nht l cc em thiu nin nhi ng, nht nh phi ly vic tu dng bn thn l quan trng nht, t nh phi xy dng mc ch v ch hng, t nghim khc vi bn thn: tun theo o l ca x hi; gi ng ni quy ca vn ng vin. Bi dng lng yu nc, chm ch hc tp, thnh thc khim tn, vn minh l php, tun th lut php, chu kh rn luyn, khng kiu-khng nng gi c tc phong o c lnh mnh. (mi ngi chi c, t k th chuyn nghip n nghip d, u nn nhn nhn v nghim cn hc tp ton b cc iu khon trong iu 8. trong quy nh t chc hun luyn v thi u c) 2. Tm l: Cng vi s tin b ca hot ng c, k thut v l lun ca c t n mt tm cao mi, tng bc chnh quy. Cc gii u cng ngy cng kch lit cng thng, nhn t tm l ca cc k th ngy cng c nh hng v tc dng quan trng i vi thnh tch. Nay c ngi suy ngh nghin cu s lin quan-kt hp gia tm l hc v k ngh, gi l tm l hc trong mn c. Hc tp v nm bt tm l hc trong mn c, cng l mt u th cn s dng trong hun luyn v thi u. Bi v, nh c l mt hot ng ca con ngi, con ngi li b yu t tm l chi phi, v th, ngi mi hc cng cn c nhn thc v yu t tm l ny. 3. Sc khe: Trong qu trnh rn luyn v thi u c, no hot ng rt mnh, nu sc khe khng tt s kh bn b. V th, phi lun lun y mnh pht trin sc khe c th v sc khe u c. Mi ngi cn tham gia cc hot ng th dc th thao, rn luyn thn th, tng cng th cht. Nh th i Tng tn l Lc Du (1125-1210) trong bi th Nhn con

noi gng c cu th rng: Con mun theo cha hc th, cng phu li ngoi th (bi trnh ngi dch nhiu hn ch nn c tn bi th ln cu th u dch vi-ct hiu ngha th thi) Nay mn cu cui vn dng vo c: cng phu ngoi c! tr cc phn tu dng nhc trn, li cn nhiu mn tu dng m k th cn trau di, v d nh: trit hc v phng php lun bin chng, mu lc trong qun s, ton hc, vn hc, lch s, m nhc, th php, hi ha v.v u rt c ch cho tu dng v nng cao k ngh

Phn 2: Hc c tn phi tun t

1. u tin hc cc cch chiu ht (st php) c bn: l mt tng (i din tiu), 2 xe lch (song xa ta), cu ng m, cao iu m (m in cao bn ngoi-trong n xe m nghing), song m m tuyn, tin m hu pho, nh qu b mn (pho gic + 2 xe kp c n s tm), pho lng v.v (xem 2 cun sch s cp my bi trn c th thy nhiu cch khc) 2. Hc c tn thc dng cc sch chuyn mn, y l giai on quan trng to lp kin thc c s v c tng. 3. Nghin cu cc tn cc thc chin ca cao th (cng c nhiu sch v tn cc thc chin ca i s v c cp i s-nn su tm v lp k hoch xem dn dn ty theo trnh c th hiu c tng i thun li mi nn xem) 4. Hc tp cc n phi hp, c tn ngh thut, c th (nhiu ngi b qua giai on ny, cho rng c tn ngh thut hay c th u do con ngi sng tc, trong thc chin chng bao gi gp, khng thc dngnhn nh ny c sai lm ln) C th trong mn c cng ging nh cc bi quyn trong v thut. Luyn v thut c cn hc bi quyn khng? Bi v cc bi quyn u cht lc cc n nh, ng tc tinh hoa ca v hc, qua qu trnh tp bi quyn thnh thc, th cc ng tc y mi c th ng dng vo thc t chin u mt cch kho lo v hiu qu. Trong c tng cng vy, c th l bi quyn m ngi xa c gng bin tp, gip ngi hc c th c th nhun nhuyn phng php s dng cc dng binh chng, thnh thc c th ri, uy lc ca mi qun c mnh thm my phn, gia cc binh chng li cn c mi lin h hu c khi phi hp chng. Mt ngi cha h nghin cu qua th c khu dn hng long, th khng th no s dng xe tt trnh xut thn nhp ha c.

 Mt ngi khng h nghin cu D m tho in cng khng th phi hp xe m trnh cao thm, nhun nhuyn. Ngoi ra cn c: tht tinh t hi, thin l c hnh v.v Ti cm gic nhiu ngi hc c li tng rng: ch cn c tr thng minh hn ngi, th hc mi th mt t, trong thi gian tht nhanh, tm cch hc ngn nht, v nh theo cc mu m my tnh in t nghin cu, th s c thnh tu ni bt ngay. C ngi cn cho rng, vi phng tin hin i nh by gi, th hc c tng trong 1 thng s cao ln r rng! TT, nhng chuyn khng c kh nng xy ra.

Phn 3: Hc ra qun nh th no?

Thng c cu ni: "Vn s khi u nan"-khi u tt l gn mt na thnh cng. Ngi mi hc c m mun hc tt cch ra qun, by trn-li l mt vic khng n gin vy. Cn phi kinh qua nghin cu i trn thc tin, nghin cu phng php l lun v h thng ha-ch khng phi c i theo mu m tr thnh cao th. Trong qu trnh hc tp, ngoi s n lc bn thn, li tuyt i khng c xa ri kinh nghim qu bu ca ngi i trc, li cn phi c phng php hc tp khoa hc. Phng php hc tp v ni dung hc tp hp l, th tin b cng nhanh thi, ngc li, nu nhm hng trong phng php v ni dung, s rng dn n mt cng nhiu m hiu qu chng c bao nhiu (s bn cng bi-) Mun gii quyt trit vn ny (la chn phng php v ni dung), u tin nn tm hiu xem nn hc ci g (ni dung) sau l tm cch hc no c v khoa hc, hp l (phng php hc tp). Yu lnh hc tp B CC ca chng ta c th khi qut trong mt cu ny: L lun l ch o, t nng n su, ci g cn dng gp th hc trc, ph hp vi phong cch, k hoch khoa hc, bt su thm rng, tng bc h thng ha, kt hp nghin cu thc chin 1. Ly l lun l ch o Bin ha trong B cc rt a dng, m mi nhnh u c nt c sc ring, m l lun ca b cc li mang tnh bt h (khng bao gi lc hu), i vi mi loi-mi dng bin ha trong b cc, th l lun b cc u c nhng hng dn ch o mang ngha tng kt . l do l lun b cc l quy lut, khoa hc v kinh nghim c ngi ta tng kt ra t v vn bin ha trong b cc.

- S dng l lun b cc phn tch, phn on s c mt, so snh u th-km th trong b cc thng c kt qu tng i hp l, rt c hiu qu. - S dng l lun b cc la chn bin ha trong b cc cng thng t kt qu chnh xc. c thua nht thi l do lc mnh hay yu, thnh bi mun tha l do l lun ng hay sai. ngi mi hc c nht nh phi coi trng vic hc tp cc quy lut khch quan ca c tng. Trong s nhng ngi mi hc, c v khng c nhiu ngi nhn nhn c tm quan trng ca kin thc v l lun b cc. V vy, mi ngi nn trong lc hc tp cc bin ha c th ca b cc, ng thi hc tp cc tri thc v l lun lin quan, li phi khng ngng t tng kt, nh vy s gip ch rt nhiu cho vic hc, tc dng c th k ra: nm bt bin ha s nhanh hn, d dng l gii cc yu lnh, im quan trng v t tng ch o ca th trn, cui cng l nhanh chng nng cao trnh b cc. y l cng vic cn thit phi lm trong qu trnh hc tp: ch thu gom ly kin thc, qua qu trnh gic ng kin thc m tng kt thnh l lun, nht l nm c cc mc tiu ca giai on b cc ca mi loi bin ha. 2. Th t t nng n su Khi hc l lun v bin ha c th ca b cc, ngi mi hc cn theo th t t nng n su, tng bc nm c nhng quy lut khch quan, vi trnh trung tn tng i ca bn thn (tc l nn chun b hiu bit v bt tng trc khi hc b cc) m hc ly mt vi bin ha n gin v mt s l lun r rng, d hiu ca b cc, ri s b nm c mt s yu lnh v tri thc thng thng trong b cc lm c s, sau t thc tin v hc tp s tng bc o su v m rng hiu bit c s ny, ch c nh vy th vic tin b mi vng chc tng bc. Quan trng l khng c tham nhanh, tham nhiu trnh trng hp na ng nn ch ri mi mi vn khng th nng cao trnh . 3. Ci g cn dng gp th hc trc Trong khi hc tp hon b phn kin thc c s, cng nn kt hp vi nh cu ng dng ca bn thn trong thc chin hc trc loi b cc no lin quan n loi thng s dng, v nh c th hc trc nhng bin ha c tnh thc dng cao (vi bn thn) hay hc nhng cm by m trong qu trnh nh c c th va vp. Nh th khng ch

tng cng hiu qu hc tp, m li nng cao hng th, am m-nht l kch thch u c cho d nh, y nhanh qu trnh tin b. 4. Ph hp vi phong cch Do trong mi c nhn u tn ti nhng c im ring, khc ngi khc-nn phong cch v thi quen chi c ca tng ngi cng khng th ging nhau ht c, nu trong khi hc tp b cc m c th la chn hc trc nhng bin ha ph hp vi tnh cch, s thch ca mnh (ngi th ham thch mau chng i cng, ngi th mun by binh b trn cn mt trc ) th s li v pht trin s trng bn thn, d tin b, li cn gi c hng th nng nhit vi hc tp. V d: bn ham thch cng st, th nn la chn cc loi b cc i cng kch lit hc trc, s d pht huy im mnh, trnh im yu (sau ny c hiu bit tm tm ri, s quay v khc phc im yu sau)-nu thch cng st, m li hc cc loi b cc c hnh trn n chc, th s trng khng c pht huy, d b c ch, khng li cho vic tin b. ng nhin, sau khi hc tp c mt s kin thc c s chun b ri, th vn phi tm hiu v nghin cu nhng loi b cc khc, hoc bin ha khc vi phong cch ca mnh, ly mnh b yu-sa cha thiu st v hon thin bn thn. Vic ny cng rt l quan trng. 5. K hoch khoa hc Khi hc tp b cc, nht nh thit lp k hoch hc tp sao cho khoa hc, k hoch phi y mc tiu tng th v sp xp thi gian, cch thc thc hin tng bc c th. Sp xp k hoch cn kt hp chi tit v tng th, tng bc m rng, va cn y cc loi b cc, v cn c phng hng, mc tiu r rng cho mi giai on hc tp (lc no, th hc su n u?) Thit lp k hoch xong, li phi chp hnh k hoch chun xc (c v cht lng kin thc v khi lng kin thc), phi dc sc vo vic thc hin k hoch v t c mc tiu ra, mi c th nhanh chng hnh thnh h thng b cc ca bn thn. Nu khng, se dn n lan man (ng nh 1 chy, ty vy 1 gy), cui cng th hiu bit v b cc cng ch bao gi ti u ti a, trong tay chng c th v kh g ng k. K hoch lm ra l do bn thn mnh s dng, nu ph hp th dng m hc, khng ph hp phi i hi ngi c kinh nghim hng dn cho cch hc, cch lm k hoch, sao cho k hoch phi hp l v kh dng th thi. Bi v kin thc trong phm vi b cc l rt rng nn d th no, cng phi c k hoch mi hc c.

6. Trc su, sau rng Mc ch ca vic thit lp k hoch hc tp l gip cho vic h thng ha tng bc c thun li, kinh nghim rt tt l: ban u hc t loi hnh b cc, nhng m hc su tng loi hiu r, sau mi li m rng ra hc nhiu loi b cc v cch hc l khng qu su, pht huy hiu bit v tng quan-nh vy, gip cho vic h thng ha v sp t k hoch hc tp c hiu qu. Gi nh bn l k th a thch hnh c n nh, chc l u tin nn xem phi tng, bt u nghin cu t gc i tin nc c V3.5, tm cc ng i kh thi ca bn hu (Pho u, qu cung pho, pho tai s, ln m, thc tt, ln tng) mi loi nn hc vng mt vi bin ha, ri sau ty theo iu kin thc chin, li o su mt vi bin ha hay dng. Ri tm vi phng n (1-2 phng n) ca bn i sau i ph vi i th i trc dng V3.5 nghin cu v ng dng. Nh vy, gim bt nhiu loi hnh b cc i tin khc (pho u, thc tt)- i vi b cc i hu, cng gim bt khng phi hc a s cc bin ha i ph vi phi tng ( hc trong lc hc i tin ri) nh th gi l hc t m su. i vi cc loi b cc khc cng c th dng theo cch . Rng ngha l trn c s hiu bit su v mt vi loi b cc s trng ( hc giai on u-hc su), tng bc m rng khu vc bin ha ca b cc. Phng php hc trc su, sau gim su m tng rng (trc su, sau rng) c li v khai ph ng hng suy ngh, su v rng h tr ln nhau, ci no tt th pht huy. 7. Tng bc h thng ha H thng ha b cc l nhu cu quan trng i vi kin thc v phc v rt tt cho thc chin. Ban u hc t m su, ngi hc nht nh thng t mt vi bin chnh ca b cc s trng t chn. Sau ri tng bc tin vo lnh vc nghin cu m rng cc chng loi b cc khc. Tip tc hc su cc bin ha ca nhng b cc mi m rng thm. Trong qu trnh hc ny, lun lun ch h thng ha tng bc v nng ln thnh l lun (v yu lnh 1: ly l lun lm ch o) chnh l thnh tu v kt qu ca hc tp. 8. Kt hp nghin cu v thc chin Kt hp nghin cu v thc chin ngha l ly thc chin kim tra kt qu hc tp, c iu kin xem xt cch hc, ni dung hc l ng hay l sai? Tc ni l: Luyn tp trong chin u. Ch c khng ngng hc tp kt hp thc chin, th l lun v thc t mi kt

hp c nhun nhuyn, m tng bc lm phong ph v hon thin h thng b cc ca bn thn-mi c th theo kp s pht trin i mi khng ngng ca thi i.

Ht
(ngi dch cm thy nht thi cha hiu r v yu lnh th 6,7,8 ny, lng khng khng dch c ngay-nay tm chuyn ng sang ting Vit-mi cc bn xem, nu bn no c cch din t tt trn c s hiu yu lnh ny, mong ch gio cho)

63 iu yu lnh trong c tng

ngun TTVNOL (mun thnh cao th, khng th khng nm vng) 1. 2 s khuyt tng ngi pho cng, 2 tng khuyt s s tt m 2. Nht xa thp t hn 3. qun cht khng vi n 4. khi c tt sang sng phi ch - C qun khc pht hp tr cng (xe, pho m) chim c v tr c li - chim c yu im ton cc, khng ty tin hi sinh 5. im quan trng trong vic tranh tin khi b cc - Khin i phng i vo v tr nh ban u (b lp li nc i) - Thc p i phng i nhng nc km hiu qu (gim bt hiu qu) - Quy nhiu by trn ca i phng, hoc to thnh th trn v v, i phng khng c nc hay i 6. khi m n tt 7 ca ch, im quan trng n c th uy hip tip theo l mt tng v thn to. 7. Khi m tt bin c 3 im s dng - p ch m bin ca i phng - C th nng xe ln gi tt u - M ng ln m (M3.1 ri M1.3 ng u tng) 8. Yu lnh ca pho tun h - khng gp ln s, trnh b nhm tng - Cng vi xe v tt phi hp - Ch i phng ph hoi cn m di ri dng nc bt tri. 9. Yu lnh ca m bn h