Nanotechnology for Diagnosis Present and Future

15 March 3/19/122012 Presented by Saji Uthaman

Origin of Nanotechnology

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Nanotechnology had given us the tools to play with the ultimate toy box of nature atoms and molecules. Horst Stormer, Nobel Laureate

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 Manipulation of Organic and Inorganic Materials

at the atomic level to volume ratio

greater surface area

Novel properties, not found in Bulk . Chemical Reactivity can be tailored to desired end products. Higher chemical reactivity.

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Patient Diagnosis
More than analyzing symptoms of disease. Development of diagnostic tools and assays
Biosens ors Diagnosis In vitro Assays Imaging

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Role of Nanotechnology
Enhancing sensitivity Rapid Diagnosis Early detection
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Biosensor Any device that uses specific biochemical reactions to detect chemical compounds in biological samples.

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Example of biosensors
Pregnancy test Detects the hCG protein in urine.

Glucose monitoring device (for diabetes patients)

Monitors the glucose level in the blood.

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Role of NANO
Quantum Dots in optical biosensors Nanowires and nanotubes to enhance charge

transfer

Functionalised magnetic nanoparticles to

target desire analytes

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Aptamers
Oligonucletide sequence structured to hav e

high affinity and specificity towards ligands amino acids

Similar to Ab but fromed from nucleic acid not Many advantage over Monoclonal Ab

fully processed in-vitro stable no toxicity and immunogenicity Aptamers

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nanomaterials

Highly sensitive implanta ble

Quntum Dots
Ability to functionalize makes tool for

diagnosis

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Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance(LSPR)

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Probes Encapsulated By Biologically Localized Embeddings(PEBBLE)

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Bio-Barcode Assay

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Genomagnetic nanocapturer

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Magnetofection

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Nanopore

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Future

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