Contents Har d Di sk Dr i ve

HARD DISK DRIVE service

manual
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
2. Block Diagram of HDD
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buffor 1Mb+I
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VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
Number Signal Number Signal Remarks
1 RESET- 2 GND
3 DD7 4 DD8
5 DD6 6 DB9
7 DD5 8 DB10
9 DD4 10 DB11
11 DD3 12 DB12
13 DD2 14 DB13
15 DD1 16 DB14
17 DD0 18 DB15
19 GND 20 Key Pin
21 DMARQ 22 GND
23 DIOW - : STOP 24 GND
25 DIOR - : HDMARDY
: HSTROBE
26 GND
27 IORDY : DDMARDY
: HSTROBE
28 CSEL
29 DMACK 30 GND
31 INTRQ 32 IOCS16
33 DA1 34 PDIAG - : CBLID -
35 DA0 36 DA2
37 CS0- 38 CS1-
39 DASP- 40 GND
3. Connector / Jumper Pin Assignment
D D DD DD DD D D DD DD DD D D DD DD DD D D DD
D D DD DD D D D DD DD D D D DD DD D D D
o o o o
+ G G +
12 N N 5
V D D V
HDA BASE
D D
D D
JUMPER PIN
Jumper Pin Assignment
40 Pin I/O Connector Interface Signals
PCBA components side
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
[ [
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MASTER
(1DRIVE)
SLAVE
CABLE
SELECT
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[ [
[
[ [
[
[ [
[
MASTER
(1DRIVE)
SLAVE
CABLE
SELECT
M
A
S
T
E
R
S
L
A
V
E
C
S
E
L
S
T
M
A
S
T
E
R
S
L
A
V
E
C
S
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L
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M
A
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T
< 32GB Capacity Limit of PC/BIOS > <General Setting >
VANGO(VL40)
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
4. Exploded View
VANGO(VL40)
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
M MM Ma aa a| || |c cc c c cc cc cc cm mm mp pp pc cc cn nn ne ee en nn nJ JJ Js ss s c cc cT TT T M MM MD DD DD DD D
MOO 1s fcimeo oy maci ccmocnenls as fc11cws Base Ccvei ARMEB1cck |alch Ciash Slco
P1vcl Beai1nq Biealhei |11lei W1nocw C1cck W1nocw Push P1n Jumo P1n So1no1e Mclci
Aclualci Maqnel1c Meao Maqnel1c O1sk PCBA
Base
Base ccu1o oe a oas1c fiames fci MOO assemo1y So1no1e mclci ARM VCM ccvei ano PCBA
aie assemo1eo cn 1l ano clhei ccmocnenls aie suoassemo1eo cn lhcse ccnf1quial1cn
ARM ano So1no1e mclci assemo1eo lc Meao ano O1sk each 1n aovancelhen lhcse aie assemo1eo
cn Base !f oase ccu1o oe effecleo oy exleina1 ano 1nleina1 v1oial1cn so1no1e mclci
aclualcis fake v1oial1cn ie1al1ve o1so1acemenl cccuiieo oelween heao ano o1sk sc lc
ieouce lh1s effecl lc PESPcs1l1cn Eiici S1qna1 ano oala s1qna1 shaoe oes1qn ccnceineo
mcoe shao1nq shcu1o oe neeoeo
Ccvei
Ccvei oiclecl MOO ccmocnenls ficm lhe exlei1ci 1moacl ano o1ay ic1e cf sea11nq lc cul cff
oail1c1e ano mc1sluie wh1ch ccu1o oe a fala1 faclci lc heao ano o1sk Ccvei 1s a1sc oes1qneo
1n ccns1oeial1cn cf nc1se ano v1oial1cn effecl
ARM Eo1cck
ARM 1s assemo1eo MOA ano VCM cc11 oack ano fcilh ano 1l 1s ccnnecleo lc o1vcl ax1s o1vcl
oeai1nq When VCM cc11 qeneiale lcioue oue lc e1eclicmaqnel1c fcice cf VCM ARM sw1nq aicuno
o1vcl ano o1ay a ic1e cf caii1aqe sc as heao may access lc 1nfcimal1cn s1oe cf o1sk
!ne.1!a !l 1s lhe oesl way lc shcilen oala access l1me lhal shcws hcw fasl heao can
ieach lc lhe oicoei oc1nl cn cf MOO eff1c1ency 1s m1n1m1z1nq ARMs we1qhl lc oeciease 1neil1a
Ano lhen lc oeciease we1qhl cf ARM 1l11 oe ccmocseo 1cw oens1ly malei1a1s ano ieouce ARMs
s1ze w1lh1n safely a11cweo when oes1qneo
lnna!an.e !f lhe cenlei cf qiav1ly fci ARM 1snl lhe same w1lh lhal cf o1vcl cenlei
unoa1ance cccui ano 1l causeo ARM lc lcioue
Ano acce1eial1cn m1qhl affecl cn unoa1ance mass 1n ccno1l1cn 1moacl ci v1oial1cn aie q1ven
ficm lhe exlei1ci !n case cf maqnel1c 1alch lh1s unoa1ance ccu1o oe a ieascn lhal 1alch
ie1easeo Theiefcie shaoe s1mu1al1cn cf ARM shcu1o oe oes1qneo 1esl lhe cenlei cf qiav1ly
shcu1o qc cff cenlei cf ievc1v1nq
|alch
When ocwei MOO cff so1no1e mclci slco so1nn1nq ano oaik al oaik1nq zcne aulcmal1ca11y
acccio1nq lc lhe cioei syslem1zeo By lhal l1me 1f heao 1s q1ven any 1moacl ci v1oial1cn
ficm lhe exlei1ci heao 1nvaoe oala zcne c1unq lc o1sk Ano lhen oala oamaqeo ccnseouenl1y
|alch sc1ve lhe oico1em aocve as ma1nla1n lhe iequ1ai o1slance cf ARM
VANGO(VL40)
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
[ Ciash Slco
Ciash slco 1s maoe cf e1asl1c malei1a1 ano weaken a 1moacl cf aclualci 1n emeiqency ccno1l1cn
heao qell1nq cul cf oala zcne when 1l mcve lc oaik1nq zcne ci seek
[ P1vcl Beai1nq
P1vcl oeai1nq 1s a ic11 oeai1nq f1xeo lhe cenlei cf qyial1cn cf ARM !nnei Race 1s f1xeo oy
sciew aflei oe1nq ccnnecleo lc Base o1vcl ano culei Race 1s f1xeo oy iela1n1nq i1nq aflei
oe1nq ccnnecleo oy ARMs hc1e ano make lhe ARMs ievc1v1nq mcvemenl acl1ve1y
Biealhei |11lei
!n lhe 1nlei1ci cf MOO a1i f1cw 1s fcimeo oy lhe so1nn1nq o1sk 1n h1qh soeeo ano oiessuie
o1sli1oul1cn cccuiieo Th1s oiessuie 1s 1cwei lhan almcsohei1c oiessuie cf lhe exlei1ci cf
MOO ano oue lc lh1s lhe culs1oe a1i 1nf1cw 1nlc lhe 1nlei1ci causeo ccnlam1nal1cn
Biealhei f11lei f1xeo 1n 1nf1cw o1uq 1nouce c1ean a1i ano he1o a1i c1icu1al1cn
[ W1nocw C1cck
Meao musl kncw lhe oalas 1ccal1cn 1nfcimal1cn lc access oala cn o1sk Seivc wi1le 1s
a oiccess cf ieccio1nq 1nfcimal1cn o1sk Tc ieccio 1nfcimal1cn we make hc1e lhal heao
fci seivc wi1le can enlei lhe 1nlei1ci cf MOO ano lh1s hc1e 1s w1nocw c1cck
Th1s hc1e 1s c1cseo w1lh sea11nq 1aoe1 aflei ocne seivc wi1l1nq oe caiefu1 ncl lc oe
cccuiieo 1nnei ccnlam1nal1cn oue lc 1aoe1s 1nuiy
W1nocw Push P1n
Meao shcu1o oe ccnlic11eo lc mcve cn o1sk al a iequ1ai liack o1lch 1nleiva1 iale oui1nq
seivc wi1l1nq ARM 1s lcioueo oy VCM ccnl1nucus1y ano was ccnlic11eo each liacks mcv1nq
us1nq oush o1n W1nocw oush o1n 1s a hc1e fci lh1s lhe o1n ccu1o enlei 1nlei1ci cf MOA
ano oe caiefu1 ccnlam1nal1cn causeo oy 1aoe1s 1nuiy oecause lh1s hc1e 1s c1cseo oy sea11nq
1aoe1 aflei ocne seivc wi1l1nq
) Jumo P1n
Oui1nq 1nsla111nq MOO neeo sell1nq cf o1n ciqan1zal1cn 1n lhe nexl acccio1nq lc
lhe oi1ve iunn1nq mcoe maslei oi1ve 1n s1nq1e syslem maslei oi1ve 1n oua1 syslem
s1ave oi1ve 1n oua1 syslem
} So1no1e Mclci
So1no1e mclci 1s a scil cf sma11 mclci wh1ch can chanqe e1ecli1c eneiqy lc mechan1ca1 eneiqy
ul111z1nq fci maqnel1c f1e1o When lhe cuiienl cf slalcis cc11 fcimeo oy e1eclicmaqnel
1s cn maqnel1c ocwei cccui oelween slalci ano iclalci ieoea1 cccui oelween same oc1e ano
alliacl cccui 1n case cf o1ffeienl oc1e Th1s ocwei can make iclalci ievc1ve ano we shcu1o
keeo cn chanq1nq lhe maqnel1c oc1e cf lhe slalci lc ma1nla1n iclale al iequ1ai soeeo
Tc oicqiess lh1s funcl1cn we oeoucl iclal1cn soeeo ano c1icu1l fci ccnlic111nq neeoeo
!l 1s ocss1o1e lc ccnlic1 lhe cuiienl f1cw ano l1me 1nleiva1 w1lh Ma11 e1emenl ano MR
VANGO(VL40)
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
e1emenl lhese aie sens1l1ve lc vc1laqe chanqe The maqnel1c o1sk cf haio o1sk 1s iunn1nq
oy OC Biush1ess o1iecl oi1ve mclci o1iecl1y Biush has 1cnq 11fe ano h1qh ie11ao111ly
oecause 1l ocesnl have oe1l Recenl1y we use f1al mclci lc oe aocoleo lc lhe ieouesl cf
m1n1m1z1nq The iclal1cn oeai1nq 1s suoocileo oy oa11 oeai1nq lh1s 1s ncl keeo1nq h1qh soeeo
so1nn1nq oul a1sc ieouc1nq ies1slance even e11m1nal1nq ano lh1s make lhe acce1eial1cn oellei
The 11fe cf haio o1sk 1s uo lc lhe ouiao111ly cf lh1s oeai1nq suoocil1nq ievc1v1nq ax1s
So1no1e mclci iclale a o1sk meo1a al iequ1ai soeeoTh1s oev1ce slail lc iclale as sccn as
oul ocwei cn ano nc mallei whal MOO ieao ci wi1le oalaso1no1e mclci a1ways ievc1ve
Bes1oes accuiale ieao1nq ficm lhe meo1a oc1nl cf v1ew 1s ocss1o1e when ma1nla1n lhe ccnslanl
soeeo w1lh1n O1iclal1cn eiici The ccnlic1 c1icu1l cf so1no1e mclci iece1ve lhe 1noex oala
ficm lhe so1no1e mclci ci meo1a al eveiy so1n ano check whelhei ccnslanl soeeo oeis1sls ci ncl
lhen iev1se lhe soeeo So1no1e mclci 1s aoo11eo lc OC oiush1ess mclci
) Aclualci
Maio o1sk has ? o1sks sc 1l has 4 wi1llen s1oes ano each s1oe neeos each wi1llen ieo1ay
oev1ce heaos neeoeo Th1s 4 heaos canl wcik 1noeoenoenl1y Each heao 1s ccnnecleo w1lh
cne caii1aqe ano sel as iunn1nq a1lcqelhei |ci examo1e cne heao mcve al lenlh liack ano
lhen lhe iesl ccme lc mcve al lhe same liack Reli1eva11nfcimal1cn seaich1nq 1s a mcv1nq
lhe heao lc liack oicoei1y The faslei seaich1nq soeeo lhe oellei fci a ou1ck access
!l 1s oicf1lao1e lc use vc1ce cc11 mclci fci a fasl seaich1nq soeeo Mak1nq naiicw
lhe w1olh ano 1nleiva1 cf liack 1s fci MOO caoac1ly 1moicvemenl sc we can ou11o mcie liacks
cn wi1llen s1oe sc seaich1nq mcvemenls 1n heao oeccme suol1e Theiefcie seivc ccnlic1 lhe
oec1s1cn cf MOO 1ccal1cn Maqnel1c o1sk 1s oul slanoaio s1qna1 fci 1ccal1cn maik1nq ficm lhe
manufaclui1nq sleo Meao ieao lh1s lc f1no lhe ie1al1ve o1ffeience lhen iun mclci meo1ale
lhe heaos 1ccal1cn
) Maqnel1c Meao
Maqnel1c f1e1o 1s fcimeo aicuno lhe ccnoucl cn oass1nq e1ecli1c cuiienl lc ccnouclci ano
lhe o1iecl1cn ano s1ze cf maqnel1c f1e1o aie oec1oeo oy lhcse cf an e1ecli1c cuiienl
Maqnel1c heao ou11o a m1nule qao 1n ccie fcimeo oy i1nq ano oass an e1ecli1c cuiienl lhen
slicnq maqnel1c 1eakaqe aie cccuiieo aicuno qao lhus maqnel1c oail1c1es cf meo1a vaiy lhe
o1iecl1cn acccio1nq lc lhe lhal cf cuiienl lh1s 1s ca11eo ieccio1nq On lhe ccnliaiy a
oiccess 1nouce maqnel1c s1qna1 lc e1ecli1c s1qna1 1s ca11eo ieao1nqoec1oheimenl
| Maqnel1c O1sk
Reccio1nq caii1ei oeccme a oeimanenl maqnel acccio1nq lc aoo1y1nq maqnel1c malei1a1 lc lhe
suiface ano chanqe lhe maqnel1zal1cn o1iecl1cn cf a e1eclicmaqnel ano 1l 1s ocss1o1e lc
slcie 1nfcimal1cn oui1nq 1cnq leim
| PCBA
PCBA 1s a c1icu1l e1emenl ccncein1nq aocul MOO iunn1nq ano ccnsliucleo 1n
enq1ne !CCOMBO !Cieao{wi1le !CROM ano scil cf ch1o elc
Enq1ne !C ccnla1neo RAM!nleiface !C ano exchanqe 1nfcimal1cn lc ccmoulei
COMBO !C Ccnlic111nq so1no1e mclci VCM iunn1nq when MOO ocwei cn
Reao{Wi1le !C ieao{wi1le cf MOO
ROM Check1nq MOO oas1c funcl1cn ano manaqemenl oas1c soec
VANGO(VL40)
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
5.Maintenance Cylinder Configuration
onlnls isk Lolion lor iz r
Y , ,
K , , K
NL , ,
, ,
, ,
NL , ,
L , , K
L , , )
L , ,
M , , 9 MMM
L , , 9
L , ,
ML , ,
MK , , 9 MK
MN , , 9
ML , , 9 M
NL , , 9 NL
L , , L
K , ,
ZN , ,
, , 9
M , , M
MNM , , MNM
, ,
, , N
L , , 99 ]|
L , , ]|
L , , <L>
L , ,
N , , 9 N
L , , 9 L
L , , 9 L
M , , 9
M , , LM
L , ,
, ,
, ,
, ,
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
1 11 1 B BB Be ee ef ff fc cc c e ee e y yy yc cc cu uu u s ss sl ll la aa a l ll l
MJT!| suoocil ficm Vcyaqei11P lc VERHA sei1esMJT!| 1O veis1cn
MJT!| has oeen uoqiao1nq ccnslanl1y whenevei new mcoe1 ccmes cul
Pieoaial1cn oefcie use
O1skelle ci MOO ccnla1n1nq MJT!|EXE shcu1o oe occluo lc MSOOS mcoelhal 1s
shcu1o oe ccnla1neo !OSYS MSOOSSYSCOMMAHOCOM !OSYS MSOOSSYS h1ooen f11e
Ano a1sc MJT!|C|O 1s ieou1ieo
2 22 2 F FF Fx xx xp pp p1 11 1a aa an nn na aa al ll l1 11 1c cc cn nn n c cc cf ff f e ee ea aa ac cc ch hh h m mm me ee en nn nu uu u
OPT!OH ABOJT MJT!| Veis1cn cf MJT!|
OPT!OH OOS SME|| Execule OOS She11 !f ycu wanl oack lc MJT!| 1noul EX!T
EX!T TO OOS Eno MJT!| oicqiam
OPT!OH OR!VE !H|ORMAT!OH Ooen lhe 1nfcimal1cn w1nocw aocul lhe laiqel MOO
Piess F FF FS SS SC CC C lc c1cse
TEST REAO A|| O1so1ay eiici 11sl when eiici 1s cccuiieo aflei ieao1nq whc1e cy11noei
Messaqe w111 oe aooeaieo 1f lhe lesl l1me oe1ay 1s cvei ?O seccnos ccmoaieo
w1lh clhei ncima1 MOO !n lh1s case MOO may have oico1em Picqiess
seouenl1a1 ieao lesl ficm cy1 #O lc lhe 1asl cy11noei Hc Oefecl |iee
Refei lc allachmenl oe1cw
TEST REAO |ROM Reao ficm lhe oes1qnaleo cy11noei ano heao lc lhe 1asl cy11noei
Piess ESC lc slco 1n lhe m1oo1e
TEST WR!TE A|| Wi1le OOh cn a11 cy11noei exceol ma1nlenance cy11noei
A11 oala w111 oe iemcveo Even oail1l1cn lao1e occl seclci |AT
TEST WR!TE |ROM Wi1le ficm lhe oes1qnale cy11noei ano heao lc lhe 1asl cy11noei
!H|ORMAT!OH HEW OE|ECT |!ST V1ew lhe eiici 11sl 1n memciy
TEST BJRH !H Ocwn1cao ouin!n sci1ol lc MOO
TEST OE|ECT |REE Picqiess aflei R RR Re ee ea aa ad dd d D DD D 1 11 1v vv ve ee e ccmmano
Oefecl fiee coeial1cn fci lhe oefecls 1n lhe eiici 11sl
TEST SMORT TEST Menu fci ianocm ieao lesl nc oefecl fiee lesl
TEST |OHO TEST Reao lesl ficm lhe f1isl cy11noei lc lhe 1asl 1n cioei
nc oefecl fiee lesl
TEST |OHO TEST O| Cuiienl aulc leslCheck oefecl ano oefecl fiee oui1nq ieao lesl ano
exam1ne oefecl fiee aqa1n
!H|ORMAT!OH HEW OE|ECT MAP Shcw oefecl cn oi1ve 1n qiaoh1c mcoe These oefecls aie 1nv1s1o1e
oecause cf ocne lhen lhese aie aooeo aflei oefecl fiee ocne
B{! Reao lesl ci Aulc lesl seoaiale1y
!H|ORMAT!OH OROWH OE|ECT MAP Shcw lhe oefecls 1n qiaoh1c mcoe oui1nq MJT!| oicqiam
Mcv1nq a1cnq cuisci w1lh uo{ocwn aiicw key lhese keys
aie 1no1caleo lhe 1ccal1cn cf oefecls 1n lhe i1qhl 11sl
cn o1sk Th1s 1ccal1cn 1s aqieeo w1lh lhe iea1 1ccal1cn
oecause skew was ccnceineo 1n lhal a1ieaoy
The cc1ci cf an aiicw 1s aqieeo w1lh lhcse cf heao 1n
7. How to use HUTIL Program
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
wh1ch oefecl cccuiieo
Th1s funcl1cn 1s aoo1y1nq lc Vcyaqei1O1111P cuiienl1y ano lh1s funcl1cn canl shcw lhe
oefecls oui1nq oiccess
3 33 3 T TT Th hh he ee e c cc cl ll lh hh he ee e s ss s
D DD D1 11 1f ff ff ff fe ee e e ee en nn nc cc ce ee e c cc cf ff f e ee ea aa ad dd d l ll le ee es ss sl ll l a aa an nn nd dd d a aa au uu ul ll lc cc c l ll le ee es ss sl ll l
O1ffeience ficm MJT!| usei iefei lc suoo1emenl
Mcw lc Reao A11{|icm Tesl !n ieao a11 lesl case cn1y shcw eiici slalus cn scieen ncl lc
oicqiess O{|oefecl fiee oul lc ieao Th1s melhco 1s ava11ao1e fci lesl
1n case cf 1cls cf sel oecause we can save O{| l1me 1f oefecls aie
cccuiieo
!n case cf S{C 1n EuicoeA111n oicqiess lhe lesl oy us1nq ieao lesl|?
|1isl oicqiess a11 ieao ano 1f oefecl 1s cccuiieo oui1nq oicqiess oec1oe fa11uie ci
B{! uoqmenl ou1ck1y lc se1ecl sel oicmol1y 1n slale fa11 11m1l ano B{! 11m1l aie oec1oeo
acccio1nq lc oefecl numoeis Th1s oicqiess 1s ava11ao1e fci lesl 1n case cf 1cls cf sel
A weak oc1nl 1s lhal 11m1l 1s haio lc oe oec1oeo oecause |EO usei uoqe oass ci B{!
fa11uie fci h1mse1f
Pass slanoaio cf EOC 1n case cf S{C 1n EuicoeA111n
Picqiess lesl oefecls aie cccuiieo nc mcie lhan O 4 oicqiess O{| uoqe oass
Slanoaio cf B{! lesl Picqiess lesl oefecl 1s cccuiieo 1ess lhan ?OO
uoqe B{! lesl aflei B{! ocwn 1cao1nq
|a11uie slanoaio Picqiess lesl oefecl 1s cccuiieo mcie lhan ?OO fa11uie
11ll1e o1l o1ffei ficm iea1 case oecause lhe slanoaio 1s a examo1e wh1ch MJT!|
usei oicqiess lhe lesl aflei oala ana1ys1s
Mcw lc Shcil{ |cnq Tesl Meao check =PES check =M{C check =meo1a check
!f oefecl 1s cccuiieo oui1nq meo1a lesloicqiess O{| keeo1nq cn lesl oicqiess
!n case cf Aulc lesl fa11uie ccoe 1s aooeaieo cn scieen sc fa11uie 1s uoqeo ccmmcn1y
!l lakes 1cls cf l1mes oecause oefecl 1s oicqiesseo whenevei eiici cccuiieo
Twc melhcos aocve have weak ano slicnq oc1nl oclh sc aoo1y lhese lc oicoei ccno1l1cn
S SS Sl ll la aa an nn nd dd da aa a d dd d c cc cf ff f f ff fa aa a1 11 11 11 1u uu u e ee e | || |u uu ud dd dg gg gm mm me ee en nn nl ll l Aulc lesl
Meao Check
Write Head: All heads are progressed to write at the last cylinder (ID region).
If it is fail to write due to cylinder error, progress again in the next inner cylinder.
Record failure status to the corresponding head after progress error check to all 10
cylinders.( e.g.: Head 0 =Fail, Head 1 =Pass ... )
] Read Head: Seek 100 cylinders per OD, MD, ID regions =remark "failure" if error occurred in
3 times per region. ( Judge failure by reading not the whole cylinder but
servo sector only because it is apt to mistake failure to head failure due to scratch)
PES Check (PES, RCO, Mechanism)
: Compare PES value from the first cylinder starting OD(except MC ),MD,ID region to the 3rd
cylinder. (Check 30 times per 1 cylinder) =Remark "failure" when error occurred more than
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
3 times per 1 cylinder.
Maintenance Cylinder Check(M/C): Read Maintenance cylinder from the number of 0 to the last.
=In case of "MC", remark "failure" when error happened in one time.
Media Check
: Read from OD to ID region same as the existing read test function and progress "D/F"
whenever defect occurred.
Auto Defect Free: Reading along OD to ID region, progress "D/F" promptly if defect occurred.
Read the next sector if no defect occurred and progress D/F if defect occurred.
When we don't have any more cylinder space for D/F, stop progressing D/F and then remark
defect status for the next 30 defects occurred from the D/F stopping location.
] Remark failure:
- If the number of defects are same in OD,MD,ID region
=remark failure in order of OD > MD > ID.
- If the number of defects are different in OD,MD,ID region
=remark failure in region have the most defects among OD,MD,ID region
continuousness: Continuous scratch more than 15 cylinders
divergence: Divergent scratch less than 15 cylinders
[ Test OK: Remark "Test OK" if no problem occurred when test done.
If it passed due to D/F, remark "Defect free by pass~" and show the corresponding
failure region in the below. At this time, input the code of failure region shown and
the control code 'is a "Defect controlled".
Display Read time with checking during Read test,
(Stop reading if expecting read time exceeded +10 when 50 % tested.)
H HH HU UU UT TT T1 11 1l ll l F FF F c cc c m mm me ee es ss ss ss sa aa ag gg ge ee e
Eiici messaqes
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
ECC ERROR Wheie lhe oala was wi1llen oala wi1l1nq o1mens1cn 1n seclci oala zcne
cccui ohys1ca1 oamaqe haio ie1aleo eiici o1sk o1nq oy heao causeo oy 1moacl
ano v1oial1cn ci 1cq1ca1 oamaqe scfl ie1aleo eiici eiici 1s cccuiieo oui1nq
wi1l1nq |cq1ca1 eiicioamaqe ccu1o oe cuieo oy iewi1l1nq
OATA AM HOT |OJHO ERROR Oamaqeo aooiess maikAMcuiienl aooiess 1nfcimal1cn cf oala
amcnq lhe sliucluie cf seclcis ccnla1n1nq lhe 1cq1ca1 ano ohys1ca1
oefecl
ABORTEO COMMAHO Messaqe when MOO canl ieccqn1ze lhe f1xeo cioei 1n oicqiam
PCBA fa11uie ci MOA fa11uie
Examo1e cf o1sk fa11uie
E EE E c cc c | || |! !! !s ss sJ JJ J
CY| MOMeao SEC Eiici |1sl
1 O 11 ECC Eii
? 1 1O Oala Am Hcl |cuno
3 1 11O ECC Eii
4 ? 1? ECC Eii
11 1 13 ECC Eii
1?O ? 1? ECC Eii
1 3 1O? ECC Eii
1O 1
11 1
1? 3
13 1
14 ?
1O ?
11 1
Mcsl cf caseoefeclscy11noeiaie sociao1c ci ccnl1nucus oul 1f oefecls aie oail1y ccnl1nucus
o1sk ccu1o oe uoqeo o1sk fa11uie
!l 1s ca11eo lhe ccnl1nucus oefecls scialch 1l means lhal heao 1s scialcheo lhe o1sk s1oe
1n lhe o1iecl1cn cf aic ci slia1qhl oue lc 1moacl ci v1oial1cn aflei mclci iun
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
Examo1e fci Meao ie1aleo fa11uie
E EE E c cc c | || |! !! !s ss sJ JJ J
CY| MOMeao SEC Eiici
1 1 11 ECC Eii
? 1 1O Oala Am Hcl |cuno
3 1 11O ECC Eii
4 1 1? ECC Eii
1 13 ECC Eii
1 1? ECC Eii
1 1O? ECC Eii
1
1
1O 1
11 1
1? 1
13 1
14 1
Ccmoaieo w1lh o1sk fa11uieheao ie1aleo fa11uie cccui 1n oail1cu1ai MOheao ficm lhe f1isl
cy11noei ano lh1s 1s cccuiieo ccnl1nucus1y1l 1s cccuiieo 1n lwc mcie heaos
!f fa11uie 1s ccnl1nucus we aie ccnfuseo 1f 1l 1s heao fa11uie ci o1sk fa11uie Al lh1s l1me
ieao lhe eoqe cf cy11noei aqa1n lhen 1l 1s heao fa11uie 1f eiici sl111 oe ccnl1nucus al lhe
oail1cu1ai heao ano o1sk fa11uie 1n sociao1c case Ano fa11uie cccuiieo w1lh chanq1nq cy11noei
ano heao ccnl1nucus1y 1l 1s ca11eo assemo1y fa11uie 1n 1nnei MOA ci causeo ficm clhei oico1em
MOA ie1aleo fa11uie
E EE E c cc c | || |! !! !s ss sJ JJ J
CY| MOMeao SEC Eiici
1 1 11 ECC Eii
1 ? 1O Oala Am Hcl |cuno
1 3 11O ECC Eii
1 4 1? ECC Eii
? 1 13 ECC Eii
? ? 1? ECC Eii
? 3 1O? ECC Eii
? 4
3 1
3 ?
3 3
3 4
4 1
4 ?
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
Codes marked as red among broken codes are displaying automatically in HUTIL Program!
Appearance
N>
Power Test
Y
Y
N>
PES Check
M/C Check
MEDIA Check
HEAD Check
Y
Y
Y
N>
N>
N>
N>
PES ERROR
RRO ERROR
MECHANISM
M/C ERROR
HEAD ERROR
MEDIA ERROR
PASS
PCBA
HDA
PCBA ERROR
HDA ERROR
PCBA ERROR
HDA ERROR
Y>
SYSTEM
ERROR
Label error [AJ44]
Label damaged [AJ45]
PCBA burnt [AJ12]
PCBA ding,break [AJ13]
HDA ding,scratch [AJ32]
PCBA No spin [AJ35]
PCBA Not ready [AJ36]
HDA No spin [AJ33]
HDA Not ready [AJ34]
ROM failure [AJ39]
PCBA&HDA failure [AJ46]
MOTOR Noise [AJ37]
PES FAIL [AJ47]
M/C FAIL [AJ48]
HEAD failure [AJ43]
HEAD RETRY [AJ42]
I/D scatter hits. [AJ22]
I/D continuous [AJ23]
M/D scatter hits. [AJ24]
M/D continuous [AJ25]
O/D scatter hits. [AJ26]
O/D continuous [AJ27]
SEEK NOISE [AJ38]
continuoud: more than 15Cylinder
VIRUS [SJ15]
FAT,format error [SJ16]
compatibility [SJ13]
TEST OK [SJ19]
control speed [SJ12]
other failure [SJ23]
AUTO
DEFECT FREE
Hand TEST
Virus
Fdisk/Format
Booting
N>
N>
N>
c Write head in Max cylinder before write test (if Error: -Next Cyl TEST (until 10Cyl if it is fail)
Seek Test: 100Cyl Seek per dimension (if 3 more error per dimension, Fail) (OD: 100, MD: A50, ID:-100)
exchange
TIMEING
ERROR
Maintenance Cylinder 0 ~ Maintenance Cylinder : When it Read to Happen Error on CYL number1
AUTO TEST
START
HUTIL Test Flow/Error
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
6 66 6 F FF Fx xx xp pp p! !! !a aa an nn na aa aJ JJ J! !! !c cc cn nn n c cc cT TT T J JJ Je ee e m mm ms ss s T TT Tc cc c M MM MO OO OO OO O e ee ep pp pa aa a! !! ! ! !! !n nn nq qq q
C CC CO OO ON NN NT TT TF FF FN NN NT TT TS SS S S SS SY YY YM MM MP PP PT TT TO OO OM MM MS SS S
HOT REAOY
HR
Whon MOO powor on |EO +s +n on and motor
start to dr+vo At th+s t+mo hoad mako
v+orat+on and start to dr+vo thon stop tho
v+orat+on and !od +s off at tho samo t+mo
Motor doosnt dr+vo
|od +s st+!! on{off modo whon powor on
PCB fa+!uro
|od +s st+!! +n on modo and doosnt
mako any v+orat+on
O!S\ OE|ECT Symptoms for damaqo at d+sk s+do
!OMOOO fa+!uro +s occurrod +n
MJT!| tost procoss rato O 33 OO
34 MO
1OO !O
!O Oofoct +s occurrod at tho +nnor part of d+sk
MO Oofoct +s occurrod at tho m+dd!o part of d+sk
OO Oofoct +s occurrod at tho out part of d+sk
MA!HTEHAHCE
CY|!HOER
OE|ECTMC
Part of oas+c +nformat+on !+ko dofoct otc +n
MOO
Ma+ntonanco cy!+ndor dofoct
SP!H MOTOR
HO!SESM
Motor rotato d+sk and +f +t +s +mpactod mako
a o+q no+so duo to damaqo
Whon powor on somo +rroqu!ar no+so +s
occurrod at qonora! motor
ERASEO T!ME
how many t+mos doos +t cost to proqross road
tost +n MJT!| actua!!y Th+s +s SJ||ECTEO +n dr+vo
HORMA| T!ME Proscr+ood road tost t+mo oy product company
AJTO TEST
Road and dofoct froo aro proqrossod
automat+ca!!y
A|TA oy
OE|ECT |REE
Transfor dofoct on d+sk +nto ouffor cy!+ndor
on d+sk Oofoct +snt ava+!ao!o for road{
wr+to
OOMO!O +s occurrod whon dofoct froo orror
and oxcood tho capac+ty to proqross dofoct
froo | oy
REAO TEST Road wothor damaqo on tho d+sk s+do or not |2 oy
WR!TE TEST Wr+to tho roqu!ar data on d+sk s+do |4 oy
OE|ETE SYSTEM
Eraso a!! tho prov+ous Oata ont+ro!y at MJT!|
tost pass product
| oy
PES
MEAO +s !ocatod at cy!+ndor of d+sk corroct!y
and +s tostod wr+to road +s ava+!ao!o
MJT!| tost PES fa+!
BJRH !H TEST
Ropoat roadwr+to for w+th many hours and
proqross dofoct froo f+na!!y for tho product
conf+donco
Product wh+ch COMO!O dofoct +s occurrod +n
MJT!| tost +s down!oadodhoad tostoy A|T!
and +f +t +s passod on!y powor on
noododRopoat !od onco +s pass fa+! whon
fa+! happon onco moro
MJT!| TEST
To chock dofoct of MOO svc too!
roadwr+tohoadpos aro manufacturod to tost
dofoct and th+s +s ava+!ao!o for dofoct froo
and othor var+ao!o tost
Chock monu w+th |1O oy
Rofor to MJT!| manua! for usaqo
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
1 11 1 S SS Su uu um mm mm mm ma aa a y yy y c cc cf ff f B BB B/ // /1 11 1 T TT Te ee es ss sl ll l
|roro:: dofoI doIoI+on und ro1+ub+1+I, Io:I of HDD uord+n Io rorum .r+IIon +n
mu+nIonuno/,1+ndor +n IomoruIuro 4O:'S O.1O :Iro:: ond+I+on
2 22 2 P PP P c cc cg gg g e ee es ss ss ss s B BB B/ // /1 11 1 T TT Te ee es ss sl ll l
AfIor roro::+n HuI+1 und o|M1\1 Io:I roro:: b/1 +f :mu11 dofoI or formuI
orror ourrod
A .u, of doIoI+on for HDD dofoI b, roud+n/ .r+I+n Iho ox+:I+n .r+IIon +nformuI+on
8 88 8 F FF F1 11 1o oo ow ww w s ss sh hh he ee ee ee et tt t
Do.n 1oud +f :mu11 dofoI 1+|o monI+onod ubovo ourrod
bo :uro Io ho| do.n1oud boforo roro:: b/1 rorum |od off +f Ihoro +: no rorum do.n
1oudod or mu+nIonuno/,1+ndor +: unroudub1o
As Ma1n ano B{! |1imwaie aie seoaiale ficm VO11{VO11 sei1es oicqiess lesl aflei chanq1nq
lc B{! |1imwaie oefcie lesl 1f B{! f1n1sheo chanqe ma1n f1imwaie
'ho| uouruno umor +n :IuIu:
b/1 Io:I +: |od off +f umor +n onnoI+on +: +norroI
'onnoI dr+vo Io o.or :u1,:umo u: dr+vo roud,
1f dr+vo +: roro::+n burn+n rou1ur1,1od b1+n| ufIor roud,
[ 1f dr+vo +: roro::+n burn+n +rrou1ur1,1od off ufIor roud,
|od Jff or roud, :IuIo +f Iho +n+I+u1 :IuIo +:nI burn+n 1o. or onI+n f1o. .hon .o ho|
b/1 rorum b, 1oud+n burn+n rorum .r+IIon b, ho. Io b/1 f1o. S|T' OS|TH O
S|TS M/' ro+on
[ Mur| fu+1uro und |od frouuon, uour .hon 1oI: of dofoI: uro ourrod or orror +n dr+vo
+: ourrod dur+n burn+n Io:I
|od +: roouIod ono I+mo +f u:: ufIor dono Io:I
bo uuI+ou: bouu:o burn+n Io:I I+mo +: d+fforonI b, ovor, modo1
[ "r+Io ond+n f1o. on mu+nIonuno/,1+ndor +f u:: ufIor dono Io:I und .r+Io fu+1+n f1o.
+n fu+1 u:o
|od b1un| ufIor .r+Io Iho Io:I ro:u1I |u:: roouI ono I+mo |u+1 Iho numbor of orror odo
4 44 4 S SS Su uu ub bb b| || |e ee ec cc cl ll l c cc cf ff f B BB B/ // /1 11 1 P PP P c cc cg gg g a aa am mm m
7. How to progress Burn-In Test
Progress B/I Program
- Main order: LED Bilnk
: Format
: Change Pattern
: Change Slvel Label
: Change Retry Count
: ECC ON/OFF
: Read Track Reverse
: Read Track Forward
: Write Track Forward
: Write Track Reverse
: Random Write
: Random Read
- Record M/C if error happened
: recording location - from CYL 1, Head 0 SEC 1
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
5) Failure status and repairing
|u+1uro :IuIo SIuIo MoIhod komur|:
1umor +n
onnoI+on
fu+1uro
||D off ufIor
roud, .hon dr+vo
+: onnoIod\oI
oxouIo burn+n
'ho| Iho 1ouI+on of umor +n
und oxouIo Io huno
Tho 1ouI+on of umor +n +:
u1.u,: +n "'/D"
D\\A11 :orI: of umor
D'|S+zo ooruI+on +n
DS|Mu:Ior/:1uvo ooruI+on
'/DMu:Ior/:1uvo ooruI+on
\oI do.n 1oud |od off ufIor
roud, .hon dr+vo
+: onnoIod\oI
oxouIo burn+n
Jrdor"'unI" +:
ourrod dur+n
roro::+n do.n
1oudA|T1+n ||J
rorum
DonI oxouIo do.n 1oud
oxouIo uu+n
Jrdor"'unI" +: ourrod dur+n
rororo::+n +n do.n 1oud
:IuIoho| Iho dr+vo burn+n
:IuIo
koud ,1OhoudO:o on
Mu+nIonuno/,1+ndor und ho|
Iho burn+n rorum .r+Io
:IuIobo :uro Io bo +n
"burn+n |1o." :IuIo +f dum
11\1T O .S|T' J oS|TH O
4S|TS |HkD 1 D|M|
"r+Io 1ouI+on uord+n Io
Io:I ro:u1I
'Y| O H|AD O S|' 1.
koud |rorum
11\1T O .kTkK oADDH 1
41||| .
MA!HTEHAHCE
/'Y|1\D|k
roud |u+1uro
'unI roud
burn+n rorum
:o oro+vo u:
noI do.n 1oudod
:IuIo
|rror +: ourrod +n roud+n
mu+nIonuno/,1+ndor or no orror
+: ourrod +n .r+I+nformuII+n
mu+nIonuno/,1+ndorroro::
roIo:I uu+n or do.n 1oud Ihon
oxouIo burn +n
1f fu+1uro +: ourrod +n onI+ro
houd dur+n .r+I+n or formuII+n
ho| ouI ufIor hun+n |'bA
1f dofoI +: ourrod uIh ho1d
of fu+1uro :,mIom und fu+1uro
doroo Ihon roro::
ooruI+onoxouIo :orvo .r+Io
huno d+:|
roo:: +n houd off+o
'ho| Iho orror :IuIo b,
roud+n ,1O houdO +n
mu+nIonuno/,1+ndor
|xouIo ono moro houd: dur+n
.r+I+n formuII+n noI ono
houd on1,|u+1uro unI
du1+uIo +f ho| Iho :umo
houd
||D fu+1uro Dr+vo +: roud,
rou1ur1, buI
on1, 1od unI
run
Duo Io 1od :o+f+ +morfoI
:o1dor+n huno |'bA Ihon
rou+r
|'bA fu+1uro \J o.or :IuIo |xouIo uu+n ufIor hun+n |'bA
|o.or ub1o
fu+1uro +n
burn+n ru|
Jff ond+I+on +f
o.or ub1o +:
onnoIod Io
dr+vo
ShorI our .hon +I +: onnoIod
dr+vo Io o.or ub1o Ihon omo Io
off :o un1u o.or ub1o und
roonnoI +n oO :oond
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
Maio o1sks aie veiy fiaq11e e1eclicmechan1ca1 oev1ces wh1ch aie veiy sens1l1ve lc exleina1
shcck ano v1oial1cn lheiefcie oe caiefu1 when ycu use ncl lc oe 1moacleo ano oicken
oy slal1c e1ecli1c1ly
1 11 1 H HH Ha aa an nn nd dd d1 11 11 11 1n nn ng gg g D DD Da aa am mm ma aa ag gg ge ee e e ee ex xx xa aa am mm mp pp p1 11 1e ee e f ff f c cc cm mm m 1 11 1m mm mp pp pa aa ac cc cl ll l
!f ycu mcve MOO wh11e 1l 1s iunn1nq So1no1e mclci cf lhe 1nlei1ci 1n MOO slail lc so1nn1nq
al h1qh soeeo as sccn as ocwei cn Acccio1nq1y 1f ycu mcve MOO w1lhcul f1x1nq oiev1cus1y
when ocwei cn heao 1s ocss1o1e lc cc111oe o1sk ano al lh1s l1me f1cal1nq oail1c1es cccui
Ano lhese oail1c1es oamaqe lc o1sk lhen cause fa11uie
!f ycu oicooeo ci kncckeo MOO !f ycu oicooeo ci kncckeo MOO even lhcuqh wh11e 1l 1snl
iunn1nq heao cc111oe o1sk oue lc v1oial1cn cf ARM ano al lh1s l1me f1cal1nq oail1c1es cccui
Ano lhese oail1c1es oamaqe lc o1sk lhen cause fa11uie
2 22 2 D DD Da aa am mm ma aa ag gg ge ee e e ee ex xx xa aa am mm mp pp p1 11 1e ee e f ff fc cc c s ss sl ll la aa al ll l1 11 1c cc c e ee e1 11 1e ee ec cc cl ll l 1 11 1c cc c1 11 1l ll ly yy y
Man 1s eas11y chaiqeo w1lh e1ecli1c1ly sc 1f we hano1e PCBA cf MOO lhe h1qhvc1laqe
affecl cn !C ci c1icu1l ano lh1s oeccme a fa11uie cause
3 33 3 U UU Un nn nc cc cc cc cn nn ns ss sc cc c1 11 1c cc cu uu us ss sn nn ne ee es ss ss ss s c cc ch hh ha aa a a aa ac cc cl ll le ee e 1 11 1s ss sl ll l1 11 1c cc c c cc cf ff f p pp p c cc cd dd du uu uc cc cl ll l
\eeo1nq lhe 1nlei1ci cf MOO sla1n1ess make wcik iequ1ai1y w1lhcul oail1c1e cf heao ci o1sk
lheiefcie lhe 1nlei1ci cf MOO 1s ccnf1quialeo 1n c1ean iccmaflei ocne ccnf1quial1cn a11
ciacks lhicuqh lhe exlei1ci aie sea1eo oy 1aoe1 sc 1f usei ocesnl ieccqn1ze lh1s
chaiaclei1sl1c o1sc1nl lhe MOO ci iemcve |aoe1 ci 1ccse Sciew ccu1o oe a fa11uie faclci
causeo oy oc11uleo oail1c1e
4 44 4 C CC Ca aa au uu ul ll l1 11 1c cc cn nn n 1 11 1n nn n c cc ce ee en nn nl ll le ee e
Theie 1s such case lhal fa11uie sel 1s aii1veo 1n heao S{C allach1nq 1aoe1 wi1llen fa11uie
name lc PCBA ci lhe ccnnecl1nq oail oelween ccvei cf MOO ano oase aflei scieen aocul fa11uie
sel iece1oleo 1n cenlei !n lh1s case we have o1ff1cu1l1es 1n ieoa1i1nq oecause we canl
iemcve 1aoe1 !l sl111 1ccks 11ke fa11uie aooeaiance aflei ocne ieoa1i1nq 1n case cf
allach1nq lc PCBA ano 1f allach1nq 1aoe1 lc lhe ccnnecl1nq oail cf ccvei ano oase we canl
coen ccvei when we neeo lc seoaiale ano ieoa1i 1n c1ean iccm Ccnseouenl1y oe suie lc maik
fa11uie name 1n ccvei cn1y
Packaq1nq ieou1iemenl1 Be suie lc oack w1lh anl1slal1c oaq fciwaio1nq lc lhe heao S{C
as we11 as seno1nq lc cuslcmei aflei ocne oieoai1nq 1s lhe same MOO 1s veiy fiaq11e
e1eclicmechan1ca1 oev1ces menl1cneo aocve 1f we ocnl keeo lh1s fa11uie 1s qell1nq wcise
wh11e fciwaio1nq
Packaq1nq ieou1iemenl? Be suie lc oul MOO 1n o1iecl1cn cf 4O o1n ccnnecl 1cwei
ceila1n1y |c11cw lhe examo1e fcim cf lhe heao S{C oackaqe mcoe1 !n cciiuqaleo caio
ocaio ocx?O o1cckfcimeo socnqes 1s 1n lhe ocx Then MOO o11eo anl1slal1c oaq 1n each
oail1l1cn 1ay 1n lhe socnqe 4O o1n ccnnecl 1s 1cweieo
8. Caution
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
T TT Th hh he ee e b bb ba aa as ss s1 11 1c cc c 1 11 1n nn nf ff fc cc c m mm ma aa al ll l1 11 1c cc cn nn n c cc cf ff f H HH HD DD DD DD D
1 11 1 The 1cq1ca1 e1emenls ccnsl1luleo haio o1sk
Tiack The oala 1noulleo oy ccmoulei was wi1llen al liacks cn o1sk The liacks 1n so1le cf
1nv1s1o1eaie lhe ccncenli1c c1ic1es ficm lhe cenlei cf o1sk lc lhe culs1oe
The liacks aie o1v1oeo 1nlc soaces iequ1ai1y The numoei cf liacks 1s o1ffeienl acccio1nq lc
lhe s1ze ano caoac1ly cf o1sk
Seclci Oala aie ieccioeo 1n liack cn o1sk 1l means oala 1s wi1llen cn liacks wh1ch 1s
o1v1oeo 1nlc seclci cn o1sk The oala 1s wi1llen cn liacks wh1ch 1s o1v1oeo 1nlc seclci cn o1sk
A seclci 1s a o1ece cf o1zzanam1nq liack
S1oe O1sk has lwc s1oes 11ke a cc1n has lhe ficnl ano lhe oack s1oe
The ficnl s1oe cf o1sk 1s s1oe O lhe oack 1s ca11eo s1oe 1
Cy11noei The oef1n1l1cn cf cy11noei 1s aooeo lhe mean1nq cf liack ano s1oe
A liack 1 cn s1oe 1 1s o1ffeienl ficm a liack 1 cn s1oe ? Bul cy11noei O means lhe oclh
cf liacks 1n s1oe c ano 1 Thal 1s cy11noei O means a11 numoei O cf liacks cn oclh s1oes
[ C1uslei O1sk has ohys1ca1 mechan1sm lhal ccnsl1luleo liack o1v1oeo oy lhe 1ccal1cn cf
ieao{wi1le heao ano seclci o1v1oeo oy liack !ls a facl lhal lheie 1s a iea1 1cq1ca1
faclci lhal 1s c1uslei make lhe oala can ieao{wi1le
One c1uslei ccns1sls cf lwc seclcis usua11y The caoac1ly 1s ? \oyle ccmmcn1y 1n haio o1sk
Bul we aie caul1cus lhal nc mallei whal lhe oala 1s sc sma11use cne 1noeoenoenl c1uslei
|ci examo1e a c1uslei cccuoy 1 \oyle canl wi1llen any clhei f11es
The iesl cf c1uslei aie use1ess !f we have 1O? \oyle f11e we neeo lwc c1uslei lc wi1llen
!f lhe s1ze cf c1uslei 1s qell1nq o1qqei lhe eff1c1ency cf o1sk 1s 1cwei oul lhe soeeo cf
lhal 1s faslei lhan
iefei lc o1cluie TiackSeclciS1oe
Attachment 1. The basic information related HDD
Sector
Track
Side 1
(Up)
Side 0
(Down)
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
2 22 2 T TT Th hh he ee e 1 11 1c cc cg gg g1 11 1c cc ca aa a1 11 1 m mm me ee ec cc ch hh ha aa an nn n1 11 1s ss sm mm m c cc cf ff f h hh ha aa a d dd d d dd d1 11 1s ss sk kk k
Maio o1sk ccns1sls cf occl ieccio |AT iccl o1ieclciy oala f1e1o
Bccl Reccio Bccl ieccio 1s ccns1sls cf seclci 1 liack O s1oe O
Bccl ieccio 1s lhe cne cf mcsl 1mocilanl oails !l has scme 1nfcimal1cn aocul lhe ohys1ca1
sliucluie cf o1sk !f occl ieccio 1s van1sheo lhe o1sk 1s use1ess enl1ie1y
The ohys1ca1 1nfcimal1cn mean fci examo1e lhe numoei cf |AT caoac1ly cf o1sk scmelh1nq
11ke lhal A1sc has occl ieccio a1sc ccnla1ns oicqiams lc make wcik lhe coeial1nq syslems
The oicqiam wh1ch 1s caoao1e cf wcik1nq lhe coeial1nq syslems 1s lhe oef1n1l1cn ccnla1n1nq
seveia1 soec1f1c 1nfcimal1cn 11ke lhe numoei cf oyle oei seclci lhe lcla1 cf seclcis 1n o1sk
|AT !l says lhal oucla 1nfcimal1cn f1e1o lhal 1s lhe memciy f1e1o aocul wheie lhe f11e 1s
1ccaleo 1n iea1 oala f1e1o Jusl 11ke we aie kncwn lhe iccms cccuo1eo ci emoly oy a hcle1
acccunl occk Mcsl f11es cccuoy seveia1 c1uslei ncl usl cne c1uslei C1uslei oe1cnq lc a
f11es 1s scalleieo 1n many oails cn o1sk ncl ex1sl1nq ccnslanl1y !f c1uslei 1s van1sheo
ci oeslicyeo we ocnl kncw lhe 11nk1nq slale Sc we canl ieao f11es oicoei1y
Rccl O1ieclciy A11 cf o1sk have cn1y cne iccl o1ieclciy Rccl o1ieclciy ex1sl ceila1n1y
whelhei suo o1ieclciy ex1sl ci ncl Rccl o1ieclciy 1s lhe memciy f1e1o wh1ch iememoei lhe
f11es cn o1sk ano lhe 11sl cf suo o1ieclciy Ano suo o1ieclciy 1s liealeo as f11es 1n iccl
o1ieclciy Js1nq lhe o1sk 1s iesli1cleo when iccl o1ieclciy 1s oamaqeo 11ke as f11e oucla lao1e
3 33 3 T TT Te ee e m mm ms ss s a aa ab bb bc cc cu uu ul ll l h hh ha aa a d dd d d dd d1 11 1s ss sk kk k
Seek T1me Seek l1me 1s iefeiieo lc lhe l1me lhal heao 1n o1sk lakes lc 1ccaleo a oail1cu1ai
o1ece cf oala wh1ch has 1nfcimal1cn lhe heao wanl lc ieao O1sk soeeo 1s qell1nq faslei
acccio1nq lc seek l1me soeeo Sli1cl1y soeak1nq seek l1me cf liack vs liack le11 lhe mcie
accuiale o1sk soeeo Seek l1me cf liack vs liack iefei lc lhe l1me lhal lhe o1sk heao wh1ch 1s
1n oiesenl 1ccal1cn mcve lc lhe usl nexl s1oe cf seclci cf liack
Access T1me The access l1me fci o1sk oi1ves 1nc1uoes lhe l1me 1l aclua11y lakes fci lhe
ieao{wi1le heao lc 1ccale a seclci cn lhe o1sk ca11eo lhe seek l1me |ci examo1e lhe 1asl
ieao heao 1ccaleo cn liack 3 ano lhe nexl 1nfcimal1cn 1s 1ccaleo cn liack 4lhe l1me lc liy
wanl ieaoaccess l1me 1s lhe same fci a seek l1me cf liack vs liack Bul we aie ncl suie lhe
1ccal1cn cf lhe nexl 1nfcimal1cn we ieqaio lh1s as a aveiaqe l1me Th1s 1s an aveiaqe l1me
s1nce 1l oeoenos cn hcw fai away lhe heao 1s ficm lhe oes1ieo oala 1l 1s s1m11ai lc a l1me
lhal heao lakes lc so1n a ha1f cf lhe whc1e liack
|alency !n qeneia1 lhe oei1co cf l1me oass1nq lhicuqh lhe unieaoao1e ieq1cn
!ls l1me 1s s1m11ai lc oass1nq l1me acicss lhe ha1f cf haio o1sk c1ic1e
[ !nlei|eave The ohys1ca1 seclci numoeis amcnq lhe ccnl1nucus seclcis 1cq1ca11y cn o1sk
|cq1ca1 seclci 1s ncl cciiesocno1nq lc lhal cf ohys1ca1 lhe ieascn 1s lhal o1sk heao neeos
scme l1me can ieao nexl seclci ficm lhe f1isl seclci acceol1nq oala O1sk heao has lc keeo
so1nn1nq lhe wh11e !f a oala 1n seclci1 ano nexl oala 1n seclci ?11 1nlei1eave
1n seclci 31? 1nlei1eave 11 1snl a1ways eff1c1ency oecause oala cf lhe seclci1 iece1ve
ficm memciy lhen liy lc iece1ve seclci? 1f lhe o1sk 1s a1ieaoy soun neeo cne mcie so1n
[ Pail1l1cn The 1cq1ca1 ieq1cn cf o1sk Hcima11y o1sk o1v1oes 1cq1ca1 ieq1cn 1nlc
ohys1ca1 ieq1cn The fcimei ccnla1ns s1oeliackseclci ano lhe 1allei ccnla1ns oail1l1cn
!n ocs syslems ycu can oail1l1cn a o1sk ano each oail1l1cn w111 oehave 11ke a seoaiale
o1sk oi1veOcs ieccqn1ze lwc scil cf oail1l1cns
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
OOS PART!T!OH Th1s 1s lc ocs as syslem o1sk 1s lc f1cooy o1sk ano ocs 1s iun
oy lh1s oail1l1cn
] EXTEHOEO OOS PART!T!OH The iesl ieq1cn cf lhe o1sk was cccuo1eo oy ocs oail1l1cn
The s1ze cf oail1l1cn ficm ocs 4O 1snl iesli1cleo haio o1sk cvei 3?MBlc OOS 33
musl oe liealeo as a 1noeoenoenl oi1ve each o1v1nq lwc mcie oail1l1cns
Tiansfei Rale The mass cf ccnlic11ei 1s liansfeiieo a oala ficm haio o1sk Thal 1s
liansfeii1nq lc ccmoulei aflei ieao1nq lhe oala ficm haio o1sk Tiansfei iale oeoenos cn
hcw faslei lhe o1sk so1n ano hcw many oala seclci 1s ieccioeo
[ Cache One cf melhco lc col1m1ze caoac1ly cf o1sk oi1ve Oi1ve us1nq ieao cache seno
a oala lc hcsl ccmoulei cn lhe ccnliaiy wi1le cache useo when hcsl seno lc oi1ve
Reao Cache Mcw lc ieao lhe ccnl1nucus oala as we11 as oala neeoeo oy hcsl
Th1s 1s ocss1o1e oecause lhe f11es 1n oi1ve slciaqe cioei1y !f lhe hcsl wanl 1nfcimal1cn
ieao oefcie we liansfei 1nfcimal1cn oala 1n ouffei w1lhcul ieao1nq oaoa aqa1n
Th1s can oe o1ckeo uo lhe soeeo
] Wi1le Cache A11 oala liansfeiieo ficm hcsl aie iece1veo 1n ouffei cf o1sk oi1ve hcsl 1s
1nfcimeo lhal wi1llen a1ieaoy Wh11e o1sk oi1ve 1s ieccio1nqhcsl can ieccio anclhei
1nfcimal1cn lheiefcie syslem eff1c1ency 1s 1moicveo Bul lh1s 1s i1sk 1css cf oala when
ocwei 1s cul cff oefcie ieccio1nq lhe oala yel PC use wi1le cache w1lh1n coeial1nq syslems
11ke smail oi1ve sc PC ocesnl have such 11ke a i1sk O1sk ccnlic11eiwh1ch manaqes lhe
1nleichanqe cf oala oelween oi1ve ano ccmouleiano haio waie ano scfl waie 1n lhe c1icu1l
cf o1sk ccnlic11ei ano o1sk oi1ve PC 1s useo AT!OE ano SCS! 1nleiface ncima11y
[ O1sk ccnlic11eiwh1ch manaqes lhe 1nleichanqe cf oala oelween oi1ve ano ccmouleiano haio
waie ano scfl waie 1n lhe c1icu1l cf o1sk ccnlic11ei ano o1sk oi1ve PC 1s useo AT!OE ano
SCS! 1nleiface ncima11y
!OE Oi1ve Aooiev1al1cn cf !nleqialeo oev1ce e1eclicn1cs Th1s oi1ve make a11 c1icu1ls
ccnnecleo lc AT ous o1iecl1y oy oull1nq w1lh1n oi1ve we ca11 lh1s qeneia1 AT oi1ve
) Enhanceo !OE Cuiienl !OE soec cn1y lwc oi1ve can oe allacheo ano lhe soeeo 1snl fasl
The h1qhei caoac1ly cf syslemlhe 1cwei lhal cf lhe whc1e syslem oue lc lhal cf MOO Enhanceo
!OE 1s an 1moicveo !OEAT !nleiface soec iesc1ve lhe oico1em 11ke 1cwei liansfeii1nq soeeo
ano ?MB oaii1ei cause oy cuiienl B!OS |asl!OE !nleiface ci 1cca1 ous !OEAT !nleiface aie
lhe same
} SCS! Cuiienl !OE soec cn1y lwc oi1ve can oe allacheo ano lhe soeeo 1snl fasl The h1qhei
caoac1ly cf syslemlhe 1cwei lhal cf lhe whc1e syslem oue lc lhal cf MOO Enhanceo !OE 1s an
1moicveo !OEAT !nleiface soec iesc1ve lhe oico1em 11ke 1cwei liansfeii1nq soeeo ano ?MB
oaii1ei cause oy cuiienl B!OS |asl!OE !nleiface ci 1cca1 ous !OEAT !nleiface aie lhe same
) Oefecl|iee A ieq1cn 1snl ao1e lc ieao ex1sl 1n meo1a When we f1no oefecl 11ke lh1s 1n
manufaclui1nq oiccess we ieo1ace w1lh lhe ncima1 ieq1cn Thus we can suoo1y oeifecl oi1ve lc
usei Oefecl maqnel 1s a melhco can aiianqe lhe oefecls 1n ieao{wi1le ficm lhe ieo1aceo seclci
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
) ECC Onlhe|1y A ieq1cn 1snl ao1e lc ieao ex1sl 1n meo1a When we f1no oefecl 11ke lh1s 1n
manufaclui1nq oiccess we ieo1ace w1lh lhe ncima1 ieq1cn Thus we can suoo1y oeifecl oi1ve lc
usei Oefecl maqnel 1s a melhco can aiianqe lhe oefecls 1n ieao{wi1le ficm lhe ieo1aceo seclci
| Mu1l1Zcne Reccio1nq Zcneo1l ieccio1nq ci ccnslanl ieccio1nq aie lhe same !n case we
ieccio oala cn so1nn1nq o1sk 1n ccnslanl fieouency s1qna1 shcilen lhe 1ns1oe ca11oei ano
1enqlhen lhe culs1oe o1amelei !f we make lh1s even1y lhe caoac1ly cf oi1ve 1s 1moicveo
| Maslei{S1ave{Cao1e Se1ecl When we allacheo ? !OE oi1ve cne 1s maslei ano lhe clhei 1s s1ave
Be1nq a M{S whelhei ci ncl cf oi1ve 1s oeleim1neo oy umo 1n oi1ve ci cao1e se1ecl
BP! Aooiev1al1cn cf o1l oei 1nch ieccio1nq oens1ly lcwaios a c1icumfeience Jsua11y we
oec1oe lhe max1mum o1amelei cf liack
Buffei The RAM wheie execuleo oala oelween MOO ano hcsl ccmoulei 1s slcieo 1n RAM lemociaiy
The iesc1ul1cn cf lhe ocll1eneck acccio1nq lc o1ffeience cf soeeo ano 1moicv1nq lhe eff1c1ency
Ccnlic11ei Same as o1sk ccnlic11ei ch1o ci c1icu1l make ocss1o1e liansfei ccmmano ano oala
cf ccmoulei acccio1nq lc MOO
OMA Aooiev1al1cn cf o1iecl memciy access a lechn1oue fci liansfeii1nq oala ficm ma1n memciy
lc a oev1ce w1lhcul oass1nq 1l lhicuqh lhe CPJ Th1s 1s usefu1 fci mak1nq ou1ck oackuos ano
fci iea1l1me aoo11cal1cns
Seivc
|cca1 ccnlic1 lechnc1cqy enao1e lc ieao ano wi1le oalaWhen so1nn1nq f1allei h1qhsoeeoeo
ieao oala heao 1s lhe accuiale ocs1l1cn acccio1nq lc lhe ocs1l1cn wi1llen oalalh1s
lechnc1cqy ccu1o oe a slanoaio aocul MOO eff1c1ency |cca1 ccnlic11ei aoo1y sleoo1nq
so1no1e mclci ci vc1ce cc11 mclci lc heao 1ccaleo 1n aclualci ano sell1eo a ocs1l1cn
Mcie cvei anclhei 1mocilanl faclci 1s hcw fai lhe maqnel1c heao ccu1o f1y cn lhe suiface
cf haio o1sk The 1cwei lhe he1qhl cf maqnel1c heao 1s lhe naiicwei lhe maqnel1c ieq1cn
cn lhe o1sk suiface sc lhe mcie oala can oe ieao ci wi1llen cn lhe same o1sk suiface
VANGO(VL40) DD
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
Access Read, write, or update inforamtion on some storage medium such as a disk.
Access time
The interval between the time a request for data is made by the system and the time the data
is available from the drive.Access time includes the actual seek time, rotational latency and
command processing overhead time.
Actuator The internal mechanism that moves the read/write head to the proper track
Allocation The process of assigning particular areas of the disk to particular data or instructions.
Allocation
Unit
An Allocation unit is a group of sectors on the disk that can be reserved for the use of a
particular file.(usually in the form of sector, block or cluster)
Buffer An area of RAM reserved for temporary storage of data that is waiting to be sent to a device.
ABS
Air Bearing Surface. Establish flat surface slantingly at the both sides of head to make head
rise on disk by using air pressure.
Access Reading, writing, updating information stored in disk.
Access time
Time from requesting data to assuring data on disk in system.
(contained seek time, rotational latency, command processing overhead time)
Actuator Mechanism of making read/write head move to the proper track.
AFR Annualized Failure Rate. Accumulated failure rate.
Allocation Process of storing Data instruction at the particular region in disk.
Allocation
Unit
Remaining sector set on disk to be used for specific file.
(commonly, in form of sector, block, cluster )
APM Advanced Power Management Hardware.
Areal
Density
Recording capacity per 1 square inch. Areal Density = BPI TPI [Mb/Inch]
Arm
Assembled HGA(Head Gimbal Assembly) and VCM at the back and forth of ARM. Parts which
is connected to pivot bearing of base. (Parts enable to move head to proper location on Base
physically)
AT Advanced Technology interface or IDE. Interface to be designed for IBM transfer PC.
ATADevice
AT Attachment Device. Device is equivalent to ANSI ATA spec. HDD, contained tape drive,
CD-ROM.
ATA-2
Improved the existing AT interface, Interface is correspond to E-IDE of W/D by suggestion of
Seagate
Audit Examine the factory.
Average
Seek Time
The average time it takes for the read/write head to move to a specific location.
Back Gap
protect information recorded in media from damage by breaking the remained current flowed to
head in magnetic body.
Bad Block
A block (usually the size of a sector) that cannot reliably hold data because of meadia flaw or
damaged format markings.
BALANCING
PLATE
Lead plate to maintain the balance of ARM. (The amount of disk and head are different in case
of different capacity of the same series, so this maintain the center of gravity because the
center of gravity of ARM is changing according to those of head changing. )
Base
Basic frame for parts assembling of HDD. spindle motor, arm, VCM, cover, PCB are assembled
on Base.
Attachment 2. Explanation of HDD terms
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
BEARING
Abbreviation of pivot bearing, Mediator of Arm and Base which is located in the center of ARM
and it can rotate smoothly.
Bezel A plastic panel that extends the face of a drive so that it covers a computer's drive bay opening.
BIOS Basic Input/Output system: Control program/sub-program can control computer and around device.
bit A binary digit may have one of two values-1 or 0
Boot Record
Located in the first track and sector in disk where store physical structure information of disk.
(sector1, track 0, side 0)
BPI
Abbreviation of Bit Per Inch, it means the recording density towards circumference. Generally it
decided to the value of maximum track.
BPS Bit per second. Data transferring speed, transferring bit numbers per second.
BPSI Bits per square inch = areal density, Bit numbers per 1 square inch, BPSI=BPI x TPI
Breather
Filter
Filter to prevent contamination occurred inside due to outside air, it is putted on air plug.
Buffer
Temporary RAM to store data between HDD and host computer, it is used for efficiency
improvement.
Burn-in test Reliability test with changing temperature, voltage condition.
Bus The part of a chip, circuit board, or interface designed to.
Byte Unit of digital information. 1 Byte is 8 bit.
Cache
Optimizing method for drive efficiency, read cache is for data transfer from drive to host
computer and write cache is from host to drive. (256KB in normal. It mediate the bottle-neck
due to speed difference between drive and PC host)
Capacity Information amount could be stored in HDD. Units are MB, GB
Clean Room No particle room for MP or RMA of HDD. Grade of 1000ppm, 100ppm, 10ppm etc.
CLIP-FPC Components to assemble FPC and SUPPORT-FPC.
Clock Timing standard signal to treatment balance.
Cluster
The logical factor to read/write real data. One cluster is bind 2 sectors generally, its size is
2kbyte.
Compatibility
test
Test hardware device or software's compatibility to confirm compatibility.
Controller Disk Controller also, chip or circuit can be transfer data order of computer to available to HDD.
Cover
Protect parts within HDD from the exterior impact and particle and moist ,the fatal fact caused
head and disk failure.
CPU
Central Processing Unit. Control input/output device and sending, computing,recording data and
output the result.
Crash Stop
Protect activator's impact in emergency condition when head move to parking zone or come off
data zone.
CRC
Abbreviation of Cyclic Redundancy Code, detect error differ from ECC containing error correcting
function. For protect ID data.
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
Cylinder/Trac
k/Sector
Data is recorded on lots of circle in media in HDD, we call these circles track.. We record data
at both sides of media and HDD has many media layers. so it has several tracks which have
the same radius, we call this concentric circle collection of track Cylinder. Tracks are divided to
sector and it organized ID information and data and ECC. ID information is a sort of address
information to seek data sector requested from host computer.
Data
Separator
Separate complex data/clock signal from HDD stored data/timing information encoded form.
Decoding Restore encoded signal.
Dedicated
Servo
Concentrate servo signal (Timing & location control signal) on on side of drive.
Defect
Management
Find defect and treat data from replaced sector on read/write.
Defect-Free/
Defect
Management
HDD vendor received disks from media vendor for smooth supply and proper price and these
media has defect( region can't read write data), by scanning defect during production process
and replacing normal region so we can product defect-free drive. Defect management means
scanning defect and treatment process from replaced data during read/write.
Disk Head record data in this circle plate, magnetic disk is general.
Disk array Group assembled the separate HDD for large capacity.
DMA
Direct Memory Access, data transferring method among system memory and HDD without CPU.
By using DMA, CPU can do other works while data transferring, efficiency become improved.
DOA dead on arrival, arrival failure.
DPPM Defect parts per million, failure unit.
Drive
Geometry
Functional definition according to the numbers of head,cylinder,sector per track.
DVT Design Verification test.
ECC
Error correction code. Correct error data, controller scan and correct error combining user data
and parity bit.
ECC
on-the-Fly
ECC is Error Correction Code, Additional recording information per every sector. By ECC
creation logic, data is added on disk and checking and correcting with reading. If it is
correctable error without read action stopping, we call this ECC on-the-Fly with hardware's help
within controller.
E-IDE
Enhance
IDE
Revised interface in IDE way, new specification to improve the existing method has problem of
low speed.
Embedded
Servo /
Dedicated
Servo
Embedded Servo: Arrange servo signal(timing,location control signal) to data and data track in
parallel. Dedicated Servo: Mechanism of dedicated surface of disk have timing and positioning
information only.
Encoding/
Decoding
Encoding is a data transferring method before recording data pattern to disk and Decoding is on
the contrary. To read recorded data more easily and accurately, Encoding and Decoding should
be needed. Coding methods are MFM.(2.7)RLL.(1.7)RLL.
VANGO(VL40) D
SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
Enhanced
IDE
The existing IDE specification enable to adhere only 2 drives and transferring speed was low.
But HDD efficiency are resulted to low the whole capacity according to getting system efficiency
higher. Enhanced IDE has specification of revised IDE-AT interface by current BIOS and 528Mb
barrier and we settled the low speed problem with this new spec. Same as Fast-IDE Interface
or Local Bus IDE-AT Interface.
EOL End of Life.
EPROM Erasable programmable read only memory.
EVT Engineering verification test.
FAT
File allocation table. Data table is recorded at the most outer side of disk, inform sector
location and order of each recorded file to Operating system.
FCI Flux change per inch. magnetization rotation density per unit inch.
FCI/FCPI/Flu
x Density
Flux Change Per Inch. Magnetization rotating density per unit inch. Concerned with BPI, this
value is decided by track has maximum radius. BPI is proportion to FCI according to difference
of coding method.
FDD Floppy Disk Drive. 5.25"/3.5" drive is used for PC
FILTER Components filtering particle from the flowed air to the inside/outside of HDA.
Firmware Hardware control program, this is stored in
Flash
Memory
Among PROM of the memory for searching only which can re-write, memory chip enable to
rewrite and erase the old contents electrically.
Flexure
Assembly
Control rising by Slider ABS, flying height of slider and make slider move to proper track by
connecting to head positioning mechanism.
Flux Density Flux density, the number of magnetic field pattern can be recorded on the disk surface.
Flying
Height
Distance between Read/write head and disk surface. Air resistance due to disk rotation can
maintain this distance, the small flying height is, the large data recording density is, but it need
more specified mechanical design.
Form factor Industrial specification decided diameter of Disk. 3.5", 2.5" in case of Samsung.
Format
Recording the particular signal to divide track and sector and this information should be recorded
on disk in first before user want to store data. Be careful because formatting erase all recorded
information.
Formatted
capacity
Available HDD capacity after HDD formatting.
FPC
Flexible Printed Circuit, or PCC, inputted parts enable to flow current to the flexible material.
(Polemize)
FPC ASS'Y
Status of soldering IC, CAPACITOR, 14PIN CONNECTOR to FPC surface or connecting
HOLDER-FPC, SUPPORT-FPC, CLIP-FPC.
GASKET Parts made of rubber to protect inner inflow air and moist from the outside of HDD
GigaByte(G
B)
Data storing unit. Accurately 1,073,741,824 bytes(1024*1024*1024), i.e. 1,000MB
GMR Head Giant Magneto Resistive head. New type head of MR head.
Half height One of the standard height specification of HDD and the real height is 1.6inch
Hard
Error/Soft
Error
Hard error is a continuous misreading due to defect of disk surface) and it can read correct
data if in case of read again, we call this soft error.
HDA
Head Disk Assembly, half assembled product of HDD. SPINDLE MOTOR, DISK, HSA, VCM etc.
are sealed within Base and Cover.
HDA label Label remarked assembly status of Disk/Head by 5digit-english & number.
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HDD
Hard Disk Drive, memory device by transferring data to permanent magnetic field rather than
digital pulse. It organized HDA and PCBA.
Head Read/write data on disk directly. (MIG, Thin film, MR,GMR)
Head Crash
The damages of read/write and media cause a sudden contact between head and disk surface,
they are also occurred because of dust,particles or other contamination within HDA.
Head Stack Status ARM and HGA assembled.
Height Vertical height of HDD ( 1 inch height is used generally in case of 3.5" drive)
HGA
Head Gimbal Ass'y, recording and replaying data and it organized slider and suspension for
supporting slider, usually we say Head..
High-Level
formatting
Progressing mechanism to format program of management system. Root directory, File allocation
table created.
HOLDER-FP
C
Parts made of plastic enable to make routing FPC.
HSA HEAD STACK ASS'Y,. Assembled HGA with FPC ASS'Y in ARM.
Hz Herz. The number of event during 1 second.
I/O Data Input/output
IC
Integrated circuit.. Electric circuit,assembly of elements of transistor,diode,resistance on the thin
plate of semiconductor. CPU of PC and RAM are sort of IC.
IDE
Integrated Device Electronics. In IBM PC AT, drive type enable to connect all circuits to AT
Bus directly
IDE Drive
Integrated Device Electronics, In IBM PC AT, drive enable to connect all circuits to AT Bus.
Generally, AT drive.
Initialize Refer to low level formatting.
Interface
Disk controller to manage data between drive and computer and hard ware & software contained
within disk drive circuit. AT(IDE) and SCSI interface are usually used in small computer system.
Interleave/
Interleave
Factor
Order of sector arranged within track. For example, interleave factor is 3:1 then arranged by 3
sectors for sector interval, that is, it is possible to read sector2 after reading sector1 by leaping
over 2sector. We need 3 rotations to read all data of track. Now days, Most interleave is 1:1.
IQC Incoming quality control. Inspection process for import.
Jumper Device in type of hardware, it decide HDD connecting status (Master/Slave etc.)
Jumper Pin A small parts enable to choose drive running mode.(Master/Slave)
KB/MB/GB
KB = Kilo Byte, MB = Mega Byte, GB = Giga Byte. K,M,G have double meanings. First,
K=1000, M=1000000, G=1000000000, second K=2^10=1024, M=2^20=1048576,
G=2^30=1073741824. The second one is more accurate mean on HDD capacity, but we usually
we use by the first one.
Landing
Zone/Parking
Zone
Both of them means the landing location of head when spindle motor stopping. This zone used
for protecting the risk of data damage caused from the contact between head and disk, this
zone is not stored. Recently most drives using VCM are designed head should be landed in
landing Zone automatically.
Latch Parts enable to hold ARM putting on head in constant power.
LATCH
SCREW
HEAD is located in parking zone on off, at this time latch screw connected in parking magnetic
and make head fixing. (latch force is determined by magnetic power )
Latency/Rota
tional
latency
Waiting time until target sector seek time after Read/Write Head arriving at the target track.
(Generally, 1/2 of spindle cycle ). One cycle time of disk is 16.7ms in case of spin speed is
3600rpm, then average waiting time should be 8.3ms. This Latency is a one of most factor for
drive efficiency, transferring speed is better getting shorter waiting time.
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LBA mode Logical block allocation. DOS mode to resolve 528MB capacity restriction.
LED Light Emitting Diode. Used for signal light to all kind of electric containing computer.
Low profile One of standard height of HDD, the real height is 1 inch.
Low-level
formatting
Operating system make sector on disk enable to access in proper region in order to create file
structure.
Master
HDD become booting when put 2 more IDE drives. ( decided C:, Managed master/slave by
Jumper control & CMOS setup)
Master/Slave
/Cable
select
When 2 IDE drives operated, one drive become Master(drive C: or drive 0) and the other is
Slave.(drive D: or drive 1) Master/Slave is determined by using jumper within drive or Cable
select method. jumper setup is different from companies,so refer to usages, Cable Select has a
complex jumper method so drive become master/slave automatically according to decided signal
for Cable Select..
Media
Aluminium
Plate substrate coating with magnetic body. Casting with lubricant to prevent damage for Head
landing/off, where data stored in form of magnetic flux or politary change.
Mega
Byte(MB)
Data storage unit. Accurately 1,048,576 Bytes(1,024*1,024). that is 1,000KB
Mega
Hertz(MHz)
Clock speed unit for PC, clock occur million times per second
Microprocess
or
Collection of CPU function to LSI( large IC).
MIG
Read metal in gab head, Improved head has high valued inductance by inserting metal around
gab of core.
Millisecond One thousandth. Speed unit of HDD efficiency.
MMX
Multimedia Extension. Intel's new CPU chip. Added new 57 orders to run image and sound,
efficiency is improved about 10~20%.
MP Mass production.
MPC Multi-media Personal Computer
MR head
Magnetic Resistive head. For high-efficiency HDD, IBM developed the marginal head which is
enable to separate read/write applying MR elements to read head of thin film head.
MRB material review board.
MTBF
Mean Time Between Failure, average time of occurring failure. This is one of most important
reliability factor, not the actual measured value but the calculated value of every companies.
MTTF Mean Time to failure. same as MTBF
MTTR Mean Time To Repair, average time to repair. Generally the replacing time of PCBA or HDA.
Multi-Zone
Recording
Zone-Bit Recording, Constant Recording. While recording data on rotating disk, the inside
diameter get shorter of sector length and outside diameter get longer of that if the frequency of
signals is constant. So we make drive capacity higher if make the sector length same with
outside diameter and inside diameter. We also say Constant Angular Velocity, CAV and
Constant Linear Velocity, CLV.
MVT Maturity Verification Test, Test for MP possibility.
ORT
On-going reliability test. Test for MTBF and long time test in normal condition. ( Burn in test
progress with mal-condition)
OS
Operating System. Control and manage computer system to use more easily for user.
(DOS, UNIX etc.)
Outer Crash
Stop
Parts decide outer range as ARM can move, this parts is a stopper of HEAD out of DISK.
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Overhead
Time to perform the real order for controller, host adaptor and drive. The faster overhead is,
the faster performing time.
Overwrite Recorded data erased by overlapping the existing data.
Parking
Zone
= Landing Zone
Partition
When we use one HDD for multi ones dividing section logically, every memory section is
partition, For example, 2.5GB HDD can be used for one 2.1GB computer and one 400MB.
PCBA
Printed Circuit Board Assembly. Kind of IC and Chips are Soldered on board and make run
HDA, PCBA is a half-finished goods.
PCMCIA Personal Computer Memory Card International Association.
Pentium 586 Microprocessor to apply IBM type developed by Intel
Pentium
Pro(P6,686)
Pentium's next CPU. 5.5 billion transistor integrated. There are 150, 166, 180, 200MHz.
Peripheral Additional device except basic CPU. There are Disk Drive, Tape Drive, CD-ROM.
PIO Programmed Input/Output.
Pivot
Bearing
Roll bearing is fixed on the rotating center of ARM.
Plated
Media
Disk is covered with hard metal alloy rather than disk Iron-oxide compound.
The more data could be stored.
Platter Metal disk record data within HDD
POH Power On Hour, used for MTBF.
Power PC RISC type CPU is developed by IBM, Apple and Motorola commonly.
PQT Pre-qualification test
PRML
Partial Response Maximum Likelihood, this is a read/write method to improve recordi density and
data transferring rate. This method enable to improve capacity as 30% more than the existing
data transferring by using Peak Detection.
PVT Production verification test
QMS Quality management system. Overall quality management system
RAID
Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks. To protect a sudden data damage, connect HDD in
parallel and diverge data , that is high speed back-up device enable to improve data
preservation and low speed access for tape the problem of the current back-up device.
RAM
Random access Memory. Semiconductor memory enable to input and search,we have DRAM
and SRAM.
Read cache
Look-ahead method is not only reading data requested from host but also reading- ahead
continuous data to buffer sequentially, We improve data transferring speed because we don't
need to read again in time host request information pre-read by applying for file's sequential
saving method.
Read
Sector/Read
multiple/Rea
d DMA
Order of reading all data from HDD, read sector occur interrupt per every sector transferring,
read multiple occur interrupt per designated sector number by set multiple order. Also read DMA
occur interrupt only one time after transferring data from host request. For example, 4 is chosen
by set multiple and host need 10 sectors then the below picture draw how to occur Interrupt.
Recoverable
Err/Uncovera
ble
Err/Correcta
ble Err
Similar to Soft Hard err. Recoverable err means it is possible to read normally though data was
read wrong, unrecoverable err means it is impossible to recover error by any means.
Correctable err is belong to Recoverable err, this is recovered by software ECC.
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RETAINER
RING
Component could fix bearing when inserted to ARM.
RLL
Encoding method "run length limited data" to magnetic pulse.
It can store data 50% more than MFM(Modified Frequency Modulation) method.
RMA Return Material Authorization
ROM
Searching only memory. memory would not erase during off, so we use this to program or data
need not change in PC. Mask ROM input contents when it's manufactured and PROM recorded
program by user.
Root
Directory
The place where file on disk and sub directory list.
Rotational
Latency
Time which controller find proper data with track rotating, head read/write. Generally 1/2 of full
rotation hour.
RPM Revolution per minute. RPM is higher. the data searching speed is getting higher.
SCSI
Small Computer Systems Interface. IDE drive can put only 2 drives on the same bus (4 drives
in case of Enhanced IDE), SCSI can put 8 drives on the same bus. Also it can be connected
HDD and other various device,CD-ROM, Tape drive, Printer etc. as well. 16 bit Fast SCSI can
transfer data in 20Mb speed per second. Apple Macintosh and UNIX operating system use
mainly.
Sector Minimum classification unit which assigned by drive to store information.
Seek Moving read/write head to the particular data track.
Seek time
Time which head is located the current post move to another head written information should be
read.
Server Computer and device to produce every server to PC on PC LAN network.
Servo
Control system in feed-back way to move the accurate location in device,
] Signal recorded pattered disk in every side to be capable of HEAD location controlling.
Servo Data Magnetic marking written within media enable to move read/write head to accurate location.
SERVO-WRI
TER
Servo information recording equipment on HDA assembled.
Settle time Time which head read/write the real data after arriving on proper track.
Shock
Rating
Enduring number without disk drive damage.(G unit) It is differ according to run/unrun number.,
Slave In case, several PC is connected to one PC, the rest drives except booting system(C:)
Slider
The core part of head ass'y, made for head can surface on disk, it's organized ABS, Core, Coil
in general.
SMART
Self-monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology. Technology of reporting the HDD inner
status and analysis to Host.
SPC Statistical Process Control.
Spindle Center shaft of drive connected hard disk platter.
Spindle
motor
Motor enable to rotate disk in continuous speed. (high speed:4500rpm,5400rpm etc)
SSA
Serial Storage Architecture. High speed and high efficiency interface technology of IBM
correspond to Seagate's FC-AL interface.
Track HDD have numerous circles in media, and these circles write data, we call this circle track.
Track
density
Track density (attachment: TPI)
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Transfer rate Data transferring speed among PC and other devices of HDD.
Tri-pad head
The existing thin film head have 2 ABS and adding one more ABS, head is designed to be
profitable to low flying height. Produced by SAE, ReadRite company.
Ultra
ATA/Fast
ATA
Unformatted
capacity
HDD capacity before formatting.
USB
Universal Serial Bus. Particular chip was connected in period plate and manage keyboard,
mouse, printer,modem, this chip unify the connecting pot shape of other device period plate,
then make easy to connect and speed is 10 times higher than the current vertical connection.
VAR Value Added Re-seller. Vendor sell the existing product after making higher value added.
VCM
Voice Coil Motor: Stable and high speed motor applying speaker system, make move head in
proportion to magnetic strength. Motor used voice coil has fewer components than step motor so
it is strong for stress and abrasion and move head in high speed. They divided Rectangular and
Flat coil type of VCM according to shape and Linear and Rotary type according to rotation
method. Recently flat coil type and rotation type is general.
VCM COIL Trapezoid shaping parts connected to ARM with winding coated write in 250 times.
Winchester
Disk
Disk drive same as fixed Disk and hard Disk. Winchester was the of developing model at that
time by IBM, establish fixed magnetic disk within airtight space then head rise on connecting
disk, we apply to all kind of hard disk drive now days.
Window
Clock
Make hole so head for servo write to write locational information could enter inside of HDD.
Window
Pusk Pin
Pin hole to enter HDA.
Write cache
Write cache improve system capacity, i.e. make possible to work while recording information on
disk and this is risk to loose data when off but PC use write cache within operating system like
smart drive to prevent that risk.
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SAMSUNG HARD DISK DRIVE
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