20 nm lch s virus my tnh (phn 1)

Tags: h thng my tnh, cng nghip sn xut, virus my tnh, ngi s dng, c thit k, ngnh cng nghip, u tin, xut hin, chng trnh, pht tn, tn cng, cng c, file, loi, m DEM.VN H THNG SIU TH M HNG U - TUN L VNG MNG QUC T PH N 8-3, GIM GI N 50%, Click xem! Ngy 3/11/1983, ci gi l virus my tnh u tin ra i. K t , mt th gii cc loi m v chng trnh tn cng hnh thnh v pht trin vi tc chng mt. i km vi n l c mt ngnh cng nghip sn xut cng c phng nga v tiu dit. Hu qu l ngy nay, chng ta c ti vi chc nghn h virus khc nhau ang hin din trn h thng my tnh ton cu. Nhng du mc ln: 1949. L thuyt u tin v cc chng trnh t sao chp ra i. 1981. Apple II l nhng virus u tin c pht tn thng qua h iu hnh ca hng "Qu to", ly lan khp h thng ca cng ty Texas A&M, thng qua cc tr chi n cp bn quyn trn a mm. Nhng ngi u tin pht hin cn gi n l Elk Cloner. 1983. Fred Cohen, mt sinh vin i hc M, a ra nh ngha u tin v virus: L mt chng trnh my tnh c th tc ng nhng chng trnh my tnh khc bng cch sa i chng bng phng php a vo mt bn sao ca n. Fred Cohen lun l ci tn c nhc n khi ni v lch s virus. 1986. Hai anh em lp trnh vin ngi Pakistan l Basit v Amjad thay th m thc hin (executable code) trong rnh ghi khi ng ca mt a mm bng m ring ca h, c thit k vi mc ch pht tn t mt a mm 360 K khi cho vo bt c a no. Loi a mm mang virus ny c mc Brain. y chnh l nhng virus MS-DOS xut hin sm nht. 1987. Lehigh, mt trong nhng virus file u tin xm nhp cc tp lnh command.com (virus ny sau tin ho thnh virus Jerusalem). Mt virus khc c tn IBM Christmas, vi tc pht tn cc nhanh (500.000 bn sao/ting), l cn c mng i vi cc my tnh ln (mainframe) ca Big Blue trong sut nm . 1988. Mt trong nhng virus ph bin nht, Jerusalem, xut hin. c kch hot vo cc th Su ngy 13, virus ny tc ng file c ui .exe v .com, xo tt c nhng ng dng chy trong ngy hm . Cng nm ny, virus MacMag and the Scores gy ra t bng pht ln u tin trn cc my Macintosh. y l cuc khng hong Internet u tin khin mt s lng ln my tnh b t lit. Cng t , Trung tm iu phi phn ng nhanh (CERT) ra i i ph vi nhng s c tng t. 1989. Xut hin chng trnh Trojan c tn AIDS. Virus ny ni ting v c kh nng khng ch gi liu ging nh con tin. N c gi i di dng mt chng trnh thng tin v bnh suy

gim h min dch. Khi c kch hot, AIDS s m ho cng ca nn nhn v yu cu ngi s dng phi np tin nu mun c gii m. 1990. Symantec tung ra cng c Norton AntiVirus, mt trong nhng chng trnh dit virus u tin do mt cng ty ln pht trin. Th trng trao i virus u tin (VX) c tung ln mng t Bulgaria. Ti y, cc tin tc c th bun bn m v giao lu tng. Cng nm ny, cun Sch en v virus my tnh ca tc gi Mark Ludwig c xut bn. 1991. Tequila, mt trong nhng virus pht tn di nhiu hnh dng u tin c pht hin. Nhng su loi ny khin cho vic xc nh v truy qut chng tr nn kh khn do s thay hnh i dng sau mi ln ly nhim. 1992. Trong vng 2 nm, ngi ta ghi nhn tng s 1.300 virus ang tn ti, tng 420% so vi thng 12/1990. Xut hin DAME (Dark Avenger Mutation Engine), mt b cng c cho php chuyn nhng virus thng thng thnh nhng chng trnh c kh nng thay i hnh dng. Sau l VCL (Virus Creation Laboratory), cng c sng tc virus thc s ra i. S xut hin ca virus Michelangelo lm dy ln nhng li cnh bo v thit hi quy m ln trn ton cu, mc d cui cng nhng g xy ra khng nh ngi ta lo ngi. 1994. Tr la qua e-mail u tin xut hin trong cng ng tin hc. Tr ny cnh bo ngi s dng v mt loi virus c th xo ton b cng ngay khi m e-mail c dng ch Good Times. Mc d khng gy thit hi g m ch c tnh cht do dm, tr la ny vn tip tc xut hin trong chu k t 6 n 12 thng/ln. 1995. Word Concept xut hin, tn cng cc vn bn Microsoft Word v tr thnh mt trong nhng virus gh gm nht vo gia thp k ny. 1996. Baza, Laroux (virus macro) v mt s virus Staog xut hin ln u tin, tn cng cc file trong h iu hnh Windows 95, chng trnh bng tnh Excel v c Linux. 1998. Khng c nh gi l nguy him v cha pht tn rng, StrangeBrew l virus u tin ly nhim vo file Java. Virus ny sa i cc file CLASS a mt bn sao ca n vo gia m file c th bt u chy mt vng virus. Virus Chernobyl , hay cn gi l CIH, pht tn rt nhanh qua cc file .exe. Ngay nh ci tn n th hin, virus ny c sc tn ph khng khip, khng ch tn cng file m c chip trong my b nhim. 1999. Virus Melissa (W97M/Melissa) chy mt macro trong vn bn nh km e-mail, gi tip th ny ti 50 ngi khc s dng Outlook. Virus ny cng ly nhim vo cc vn bn Word v tip gi chng i nh nhng ni dung nh km. Melissa pht tn nhanh hn bt k virus no tng xut hin trc , t tng s 1 triu my tnh nn nhn. Bubble Boy l su my tnh u tin khng da vo vic ngi nhn e-mail c m file nh km hay khng. Ch cn th c m ra, n vn s t hot ng.

Tristate l virus macro a chng trnh u tin xut hin, tn cng nhiu ng dng nh Word, Excel v PowerPoint. 2000. Love Bug, cn gi l virus ILOVEYOU , pht tn qua OutLook (ging nh Melissa ) trong mt file nh km VBS v xo ht cc file MP3, MP2, v .JPG. N cn n cp v gi tn ngi s dng v mt khu v cho tin tc. W97M.Resume.A, mt bin th mi ca Melissa, c tung ra, s dng mt macro trong Word ly lan vo Outlook. Virus Stage, gi dng mt e-mail vi ni dung ng nghnh v nhng giai on i ngi, lan rng trn Internet. Khc vi nhng virus trc , n n trong mt file nh km vi mt ui gi .txt, d la ngi nhn m file. Cho n nay, virus ny khng cn tc ng na. Cc cuc tn cng t chi dch v bng virus ca hacker nh bt khi mng nhiu website nh Yahoo, eBay, Amazon, trong nhiu gi ng h. 2001. Nimda (vn c gi l Qui vt a u) vi sc mnh kt hp t 5 loi virus vi phng thc hot ng khc nhau tn cng hng trm nghn my tnh trn th gii. y l mt trong nhng virus phc tp nht ti nay m ngi ta xc nh c. Virus mang tn n hong qun vt Nga Anna Kournikova , t sao chp vo danh sch a ch email trong Microsoft Outlook v mc d khng gy hi nhiu, vn khin cc nh phn tch lo s y l mt sn phm c thit k t cng c h tr vit virus, nh nhng tin tc t kinh nghim lp trnh nht cng c th ch tc cc chng trnh ph hoi. Hng lot su mi xut hin vi nhng ci tn nh Sircam , CodeRed v BadTrans . Sircam pht tn qua vn bn e-mail Internet. CodeRed tn cng nhng trang web c khim khuyt v thm ch cn li hng tn cng ti trang ch ca Ph Tng thng M. Trong vng 12 gi u tin, virus ny xm nhp 359.000 my tnh. BadTrans l loi su c thit k n cp mt khu v thng tin th tn dng. 2002. David L. Smith, tc gi ca virus Melissa, b kt n 20 nm t. Thng 1, virus LFM-926 xut hin trong cc file Shockwave Flash (.swf) vi thng ip mi ti phim (Loading.Flash.Movie). Lin tip pht hin nhng virus s dng tn cc nhn vt v ngh s ni ting nh Shakira , Britney Spears v Jennifer Lopez . Klez , mt v d tiu biu ca xu hng gia tng nhng loi su e-mail, vit ln file, to ra cc bn sao n ca bn gc v v hiu ho nhiu cng c phng chng thng thng. Su Bugbear ln u tin xut hin vo thng 9, vi tnh cht phc tp v s dng nhiu phng thc ly lan. 2003. Thng Ging, su Slammer ra i v n nay vn c coi l loi virus c tc pht tn nhanh nht: 75.000 my tnh ch trong 10 pht, tc l trong pht u tin, trung bnh c 8,5 giy, con s ny li c nhn i. Virus Sobig ra i v tr thnh cng c a thch ca cng ng spam. Nhng h thng my tnh b nhim virus ny tr thnh trm tip vn pht tn th khng mi. Nhiu k thut spam c s dng trong Sobig gip n gi i lng bn sao e-mail khng l.

Tuy nhin, s kin ng ch nht trong nm nay l Blaster (cn c tn MBlast hay LoveSan), l mt trong nhng loi virus c sc ly lan rt mnh, nhm vo my tnh s dng h iu hnh Windows 2000 v XP. Bt u xut hin ngy 11/8, ch trong cha y 1 tun, Blaster xm nhp t nht 300.000 my tnh ti nhiu nc, trong c Vit Nam . Khi xm nhp vo mt my tnh b li Windows, Blaster t ng ti on m t PC b nhim trc t nhn bn v tip tc pht tn. Sau , n tm qut nhng my tnh khc c l hng tng t v tn cng. Nhng my tnh nhim, mi khi kt ni Internet c vi pht lin b shutdown t ng. Phan Khng