44 phonemes = 24 consonants & 20 vowels 24 consonants = 9 voiceless & 15 voiced 20 vowels = 7 shorts & 5 long & 8 diphthongs

Label : voiceless/voiced - place - manner Eg : voiceless bilabial plosive # voiced :

# voiceless :

Bilabial: with both lips Labiodental: between lower lip and upper teeth Dental/Interdental: between the teeth Alveolar: the ridge behind the upper front teeth Alveo-palatal (or post-alveolar): it is the area between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate Palatal: hard palate, or 'roof' of the mouth' Velar: the soft palate or velum Glottal (laryngeal): space between the vocal cords

Label : high/mid/low - front/central/back - vowel Eg : high front vowel # All vowels are voiced.

Plosives/Stop: total closure of the speech organs and air is suddenly released Fricatives: near closure of the speech organs and air is released with friction Affricates: total closure of speech organs and air is released with friction Nasals: air released through nasal passage Liquids/Lateral: partial air closure of speech organs and air flows over the side of the tongue Glides/Approximant: speech organs almost close and then glide away from each other/ near closure and middle of the tongue (r)