1

10.5
224 225

1.
=

( )
3
= .
( ) 2

3
2
3
9
4
:
:
:
:
5
4
2
4
9
.
:

( )
2
=
( ) 1

3
=
2

2.
=

( )
( )

4
= .
5

4
=
=
=
=

5

4
5

( )
16
= 2 =
( )
25

3.
( = )
+
= 2 ,
=36 .
;

( )

2
=

= 6
2
1
=
+ =
( )
36

1.
= =

3
.
2

30 m 2 , .

(
) = 2 2
=
=
3
( ) 1
2
2
2
() = () () = 30 () =20 m 2
3
3

2.
20 m 2 .
= 2,
.

.
, .
( ) = = = 1

( ) 2 2
1
() = ()
2
1 1
=
()
2 2
1
= 20 = 5 m 2
4

3.

2
1
, = = .
3
2
2
30 m , .

1
2

2
1
.
.
1
2
= 3
=
.
.
3
1
1
() = () = 30 = 10 m 2
3
3

( )
( )

4.
75 m 2 .
,

AM 3
= .
M 2

, .
.

AM 3
AM
3
AM 3

=
=
=
M 2
+ M 3 + 2
5

( )
( )

A 3
=
5

9
3

= =
. .
25
5
9
() =
()
25
9
() =
75 = 27 m 2
25
() = () () = 75 27 = 48 m 2 .

5.
=

+
= 2.

= .

+
= 2

( )

( )
( )

( )

=
=

1.
. ,
, , ,
( )


i)
=
,
ii)
+
+
= 1 iii)
+
+
=2
( )

i)
, ,
( )
,
=
( )

.
=

( )

=
(1)

)
(

( )
=
( )
( )
=
( )

ii)

(1) + (2) + (3)

( ) ( ) ( )
+
+
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) + ( ) + ( )
=
( )
( )
=
+
+
( )
1=

(2)

(3)

+
+

+
+

+
+

iii)

= 1
=

= . = 1

= = 1

+
+
+
+
=3

+
+
=31=2

2.
, < 1 . (,)

x y . x, y
, = = 2. ,
, () + () = ().

1
1

( )
( )

. 1
= 2 =1
. 2

() = ()
() = ()

() + () = ().

3.
.
() = ().

1 =
2

O 2
11

2
+
= 2

1=

+
= 2

1
2

( )
( )

.
=1
.

() = ().

4.
.
2
. ( ) = ( ) ( ) .

( AB ) ( AB )

=
( ) ( )

, ,
( AB )

=
(1)
( )

, ,

( AB )
=
( )

(1), (2), (3)

( AB ) ( AB )
=
( ) ( )

(2)
(3)

5.

, , .
() + () = () + ()

.
+
= 2

1
2

2
1

( )
( )

.
=1
.

() = ()
() = ()

() + () = ()

() + () = ()

() + () = () + ()

6.

=1) 1 , 2
(
3 , ,
. ( 2 ) + ( 3 ) = ( 1 ), ( 1 ) , ( 2 ) ( 3 )
.

( 2 ) ( 3 )
+
( 1 ) ( 1 )
( 2 )
2 1
( 1 )
( 3 )

( 1 )

=1
2

= = 2

= = 2

2
2

2
2
2
.
2 +
2 = 1, + =

1.
.
1 , 2 , 3 4 , ,
, 1 3 = 2 4 .
,
1
2
i) 1 = 3 ,
ii) 1 = 2 4 ,
iii) 1 E, = ()
4

1
4

=
2
3
E4
,
E1
E3
O
1
4
E2

=

=

2
3

1
4

=
2
3
i)
1 + 2 = 3 + 2 , () = (),
P.
ii)
1 = 3 , 1 3 = 2 4
1 1 = 2 4 12 = 2 4
iii)
1
1 E 4 1 E
4
4 1 1 + 2 + 3 + 4
2 1 2 + 4 ( 1 = 3 )
2
2 E 2 E 4 2 + 4 ( 1 = 2 4 )

4 2 4 ( E2 + E4 )

2
2
4 2 4 E2 + 2 2 4 + E4
2
2
0 E2 2 2 4 + E4

0 ( E 2 E 4 ) , .
2

10

2.

. 1 , 2 , 3 ,

i) 1 , 2 , 3
E1 + E 2 + E 3 =

ii)

E , = ()

i)
,

ii)

E2
E
E1
E

=
+

=

E2
E

E3
E

E3
E

E1
E

E2
E

E3
E

E1
=

E
E1

=1
2

+ +

+
+
=
=
=1

11

3.
, .
2
i) () =
( + ) ( + ) ( + ) ()
1
ii) () ()
4

i)

,
( )
.

( )

1
() =
()

+ +

() =
()
( + )( + )

() =
()
( + )( + )

() =
()
( + )( + )
() = () () () () =

= ()
()
()
()
( + )( + )
( + )( + )
( + )( + )

= (1

) ()
( + )( + ) ( + )( + ) ( + )( + )
=

( + ) ( + ) ( + ) ( + ) ( + ) ( + )
( + ) ( + ) ( + )

= .. =

()

2
( + ) ( + ) ( + ) ()

ii)
1

()
4
2
1
() ()
( + ) ( + ) ( + )
4
8 ( + ) ( + ) ( + )

()

8 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 +
0 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 6
0 ( 2 + 2 2 ) + ( 2 + 2 2) + ( 2 + 2 2 )
0 ( 2 + 2 2 ) 2 + ( 2 + 2 2 ) + ( 2 + 2 2)
0 ( ) 2 + ( ) 2 + ( ) 2 .

12

4.
, , .
, .

.
1
() = ()
3
( ) 1
=
(1)
( ) 3

.
( ) .

,
=
(2)
( ) .
.
1
.
3 . = . =
(1), (2)
=
.
3
3

, =

.

3

.
.