TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).

2010

NGHIN CU XY DNG CU HNH RLE SA THI PH TI CHO TRM BIN P 110KV KMIL
A STUDY ON THE BUILDING OF CONFIRGURATION FOR UNDER FREQUENCY RELAYS IN KMIL 110KV SUBSTATION L Kim Hng
i hc Nng
TM TT Rle sa thi ph ti theo tn s c kh nng tch hp cc chc nng bo v tn s v in p nhm m bo n nh trong h thng in bng cch sa thi ph ti hoc c lp li in cc b trong iu kin km tn v qu p. Hin nay, rle tn s c lp t ti cc trm bin p v sa thi ti theo tng lng cng sut nh, gip cho tn s v in p li in khi phc li trng thi lm vic bnh thng. Bi bo tp trung vo trnh by s ng dng chc nng sa thi ph ti mi da trn nguyn l truyn thng sa thi ti, cho php ct cc ngn l theo tng cp tn s, bt u t vic kim tra u ni nh th, n ci t thng s chnh nh v cu hnh rle trn phn mm chuyn dng giao tip rle Micom Studio. Cui cng l ng dng s sa thi ph ti bng rle Areva P142 ti Trm bin p 110kV kMil. ABSTRACT The numerical load-shedding and frequency relay is a special protection system providing frequency and voltage protection for controlling the power system stability. It sheds loads or isolates grid islands under the condition of under-frequency and over-voltage. In this article, the implication is that frequency relays can be installed in many distribution substations and can control relatively small blocks of load and it can bring voltage and frequency back to normal operation. This paper also proposes a new under-frequency automatic load-shedding scheme based on the nature of the loads shed that can be usually controlled only by tripping feeders at the distribution level frequency. Initially, the tester checks cables in secondary drawing. After that, the Micom Studio software can be used for settings and configurations for relay. Finally, the loadshedding scheme can be tested on the Areva relay P142 at 110kV Substation of Dakmil.

V Phan Hun
Cng ty th nghim in Min Trung

1. t vn Tn s l mt trong nhng tiu chun nh gi cht lng in nng. Tc quay v cng sut lm vic ca cc ng c ng b v khng ng b ph thuc vo tn s ca dng xoay chiu. Khi tn s gim th cng sut ca chng cng b gim thp. Tn s tng cao dn n s tiu hao nng lng qu mc [1]. Ngoi ra, tn s cn nh hng n s lm vic tin cy ca rle. V d kim tra gi tr tc ng ca qu dng chm t cp 1 (IE> = 0,4A) ca rle 7SJ612 ngn l 432 ti Trm bin p 110kV in Nam - in Ngc bng hp b th nghim nh th CMC256 cho thy, ti thi im tn s li (fL) vt qu 55Hz hoc gim thp hn 45Hz v c s c trn ng dy, rle s khng tc ng ct my ct 432. Ti thi im fL = 45Hz th gi tr dng tc ng nm ngoi sai s cho php ca nh ch to (xem hnh v 1). Do vy, fL lun c gi nh mc l 50 Hz 0,1Hz (i vi h thng in Vit Nam).
151

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

Hin nay, ngun in c nc ang b thiu ht nghim trng do ph ti tng nhiu m ngun nuc ti cc nh my thy in xung thp, c qu t nh my in mi c a vo vn hnh v mt s nh my in ln b s c ang phi ngng hot ng sa cha. Do , EVN tin hnh gim cung cp in cc b mt s khu vc khi h thng in truyn ti b qu ti da theo kt qu nh gi an ninh h thng in, hoc khi t l d phng cng sut h thng in theo tun nh hn 5%... cng nh ngng, gim cung cp in khn cp khi tn s ca h thng in gim thp di ngng quy nh bng rle sa thi ph ti theo tn s (F81). Cho nn, trin khai ng dng rle s F81 c hiu qu trong qu trnh th nghim v vn hnh l rt cn thit.

a. Dng tc ng 400mA ti tn s 50Hz

b. Dng tc ng 388mA ti tn s 45Hz

Hnh 1. Bn ghi s c dng s c trn rle 7SJ612 bng phn mm SIGRA 4.4

2. Nguyn l chc nng sa thi ph ti theo tn s S sa thi ph ti n gin nht l 1 cp tn s c f1 = 47,4; t = 10s. Tuy nhin, ph ti tiu th in trong li c cp u tin khc nhau, nn vic s dng rle sa thi ph ti c s lng cp tn s sa thi ph ti t 2 n 4 cp l ph bin nht. Trn hnh 2 trnh by s nguyn l sa thi ph ti theo tn s s dng rle Areva P921 t ti ngn l thanh ci TU C41 ca Trm bin p 110kV Din Sanh, gm c cc chc nng sau: - Chc nng km p i bo tn hiu. - Chc nng qu p i ct MC 431, 412.

Hnh 2. S nguyn l bo v qu, km p v sa thi ph ti theo tn s 152

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

- Chc nng km tn: Theo phiu chnh nh ca Trung tm iu h thng in Min Trung, rle c ci t 4 cp sa thi ti tng ng l: 49; 48,8; 48,6; 48,4 Hz. Khi tn s li gim xung n 49 Hz th rle tc ng ct MC 471, nh vy gim c tc gim thp tn s. Khi tn s tip tc gim xung n 48,8 Hz th rle tc ng ct thm 473, s thiu ht cng sut v tc gim thp tn s c gim nhiu hn. Tng t, nu tn s li gim n 48,6 Hz, rle cho i ct 475 v ti tn s 48,4 Hz, rle tc ng ct 477 chm dt tnh trng gim tn s v khi phc tn s n hay gn n gi tr nh mc. Cn lu l nu lng cng sut thiu ht t, th c th ch c t 1 hoc ch c t 1 v t 2 tc ng. Ngoi cc t tc ng chnh, thit b t ng gim ti theo tn s cn phi c mt t tc ng c bit ngn nga hin tng tn s treo l lng. Hin tng ny c th sinh ra sau khi cc t chnh tc ng nhng tn s vn khng tr v gi tr gn nh mc m duy tr mt gi tr no thp hn nh mc. Tn s khi ng ca t tc ng c bit vo khong 48,8 n 49 Hz [1]. Xt s vi lng cng sut truyn ti gi nh nh hnh v 3, ta cn tin hnh ci t cp tn s sa thi ti cho cc ngn l ti theo phn trm cng sut theo bng 1 [2]:

Hnh 3. Dung lng cng sut truyn ti trn li Bng 1. Ci t phn cp sa thi ti theo tn s

MF ngng lm vic A B A v B C

Cp tn s t f1 f2 f3 f4

Ngn l 471 473 471, 473, 475 475, 477

Gi s khi MF A ngng lm vic, rle tn s cho php ct ngn l 471. Khi MF B ngng lm vic rle ct MC 471, 473. Tng t, MF A v MF B ngng lm vic th rle xut lnh i ct MC 471, 473, 475. Cn trng hp MF C ngng lm vic, rle ct 475, 477. Trn c s ny, ta c th trin khai ng dng chc nng sa thi tn s ti cc trm bin p s dng chc nng F81.
153

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

3. ng dng chc nng F81 ti TBA 110kV k Mil

Hnh 4. S thanh ci C31 s dng chc nng sa thi tn s trn rle P142

i vi Trm bin p 110kV k Mil, s nguyn l bo v thc t ti cc ngn l 35kV trnh by trn hnh 4 c s khc bit so vi nguyn l truyn thng l khng s dng rle sa thi tn s thanh ci ti ngn l TU C31 m s dng ngay chc nng F81 ti tng ngn l ring bit. Thng thng li in Vit Nam s dng 4 cp tn s sa thi ti. Gi s ban u Trung tm iu ci t ngn l 371 cho php sa thi ti vi tn s li bng f1 = 49 Hz. Nhng sau c th thay i cho php sa thi ph ti vi tn s f2 = 48,8 Hz. Nh vy, sau mi ln nhn lnh i cp tn s sa thi ti, nhn vin vn hnh phi thao tc t li gi tr chnh nh ca cp tn s cn sa thi mong mun bng tay. iu ny ph thuc vo tay ngh ca nhn vin trong ca trc v c th lm mt nhiu thi gian ci t rle. Ngoi ra, rle P142 c nh sn xut AREVA ch to khng c bin u vo Input dng ON tng cp tn s (f1, f2, f3, f4) mong mun khi s dng kha chuyn mch la chn S81 m ch c bin u vo Input i Block tng cp tn s (f<1 timer block, f<2 timer block, f<3 timer block, f<4 timer block). Nh vy, vn t ra l lm th no nhn vin vn hnh thao tc kha S81 sang v tr 1, rle ngn l s ct vi tn s f1; ti v tr 2, rle ct vi tn s f2; ti v tr 3, rle ct vi tn s f3; ti v tr 4, rle ct vi tn s f4 v v tr OFF, rle kha chc nng F81. 4. S v cu hnh xut Trn c s ti liu k thut ca rle Areva P142 [3], cc tc gi tin hnh nghin cu ci to nguyn l chc nng sa thi ph ti theo tn s da trn cu hnh logic ca rle P142 nhm gim thiu thi gian thao tc ci t thng s chnh nh trn rle. Trnh t cng vic c thc hin theo cc bc sau: Bc 1. a 04 tn hiu trng thi kha chuyn mch la chn cp sa thi ph ti vo Input rle:

154

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

Hnh 5. Mch nh th u ni cho input rle

Bc 2. Cu hnh chc nng sa thai ph ti theo tn s trn phn mm Micom Studio: - Ci t u ra rle:

Kha S81 v tr OFF: cho php rle lm kha tc ng km tn s cp 1, 2, 3, 4.

Kha S81 v tr 1: cho php rle lm vic vi tn s cp 1 v kha km tn s cp 2, 3, 4.

155

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

Kha S81 v tr 2: cho php rle lm vic vi tn s cp 2 v kha km tn s cp 1, 3, 4.

Kha S81 v tr 3: cho php rle lm vic vi tn s cp 3 v kha km tn s cp 1, 2, 4.

Kha S81 v tr 4: cho php rle lm vic vi tn s cp 4 v kha km tn s cp 1, 2, 3.

Vi cu hnh nu trn, Cng ty th nghim in Min Trung tin hnh ci t thng s chnh nh rle, th nghim chc nng km tn cp 1,2, 3, 4 bng Hp b th nghim nh th Omicron 256, c bn ghi s c trn rle bng cng c Sigra (xem hnh 6) v kt lun khng nh cht lng rle k thut s P142 ti trm bin p 110kV kMil l m bo yu cu k thut a vo vn hnh.

156

TP CH KHOA HC V CNG NGH, I HC NNG - S 4(39).2010

Hnh 6. Bn ghi s c km tn cp 1 trn rle c c bng phn mm SIGRA

5. Kt lun Qua vic tin hnh cu hnh, ci t v th nghim rle sa thi ph ti theo tn s ti Trm bin p 110kV kMil gp phn gim thiu thi gian thao tc ci t rle theo yu cu ca Trung tm iu cho nhn vin vn hnh. Ngoi ra, sau thi gian theo di a chc nng F81 ca rle P142 vo lm vic t thng 5 nm 2009 n nay, cng vi thng k s c nhy nhm my ct ti cc ngn l 35kV ca Trm bin p 110kV kMil, cho php tc gi nh gi v kt lun ng v cht lng ca rle P142 lm vic an ton v tin cy. TI LIU THAM KHO [1] L Kim Hng, Bo v rle v t ng ha, NXB Nng, 1998. [2] Walter A. Elmore, Protective relaying theory and applications, 1989. [3] Areva, P142 Guide techniacal, 2009.

157