Professional Documents
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General2 Brief Introduction..3 Software Description..5 Circuit Description..9 CPU Pins13 Part List 1..15 Adjustment Description.22 Disassembly and Assembly..25 Exploded View..28 Part List 2.29 Packing..30 PC Board View.31 Block Diagram..33 Schematic Diagram..34 Specifications35
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TC-500 General
General
Manual Scope
This manual is intended for use by experienced technicians familiar with similar types of communication equipment. It contains all service information required for the equipment and is current as of the publication date.
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Brief Introduction
2 1
12 5 6 7 10 13 8 9 11
1. 2.
Antenna LED indicator The light will glow red during transmission. The light will glow green during receiving. During transmission, the light flashes red when the battery voltage is low.
3. Channel selector knob Turn the channel selector knob to select from channels 1-16 (Channel 16 can be programmed by your dealer as scan function). 4. Power/Volume control knob Rotate the Power/Volume Knob clockwise until a click is heard to turn the radio on, fully counter clockwise until a click is heard to turn the radio off. When the radio is on, turn the knob to adjust volume. 5. PTT key Press and hold PTT key to talk, release to receive. 6. Monitor key In receive mode, long press (above 2 seconds) Monitor key to monitor activity on the current channel. 7. Microphone 8. Speaker
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Software Specification
Radio Feature Description
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Use channel selector knob to choose from 15+1(Scan) channels Monitor CTCSS/CDCSS Non-standard Model (Other): 38+83 groups Channel Spacing 12.5KHz/25KHz Narrow/wide Optional Channel Scan (Priority channel and scan revert channel available) Battery Save feature (Dealer programmable) Time-out Timer (TOT) High/low Power Switch Squelch Level Control (9 levels)
10. Low Battery Alert 11. Model Set Mode 12. PC Programming and Adjusting Mode 13. User Wired Clone Mode 14. Factory Wired Clone Mode 15. Manual Adjust Mode
Radio Modes
1. User Mode: User mode is conventional communication mode. Turn the power on while disconnecting the two SELF points, the radio enters user mode. (Refer to TC-500 Owners Manual for details about operation in this mode.)
2.
Model Set Mode If the radio is non-standard model, please disconnect the two MS2 points on PCB and then operate the following steps.
(1) If the radio is standard model, short out the two MS2 points on PCB and then operate following the steps (3) (5) and (6).
(2) To select MS1 (See the initial data table) according to the radio model, if MS1 is 1, short out the two MS1 points on PCB and continue the following operation. If not, disconnect the two MS1 points and continue. (3) Short out the two SELF points on PCB and then turn the power on. Two beeps sound. (4) Turn channel selector knob to the corresponding position (1-11) according to the radio model (Refer to the initial data table). (5) Press PTT key while holding down MONI key to set the model. Channel data and settings are initialized (Refer to the initial data table). (6) Turn off the power and then disconnect the two SELF points on PCB to complete the model setting. For example, MS1 of TC-500-U (450.000~469.995MHz) is 0 (See the initial data table). Its number is 7. It is unnecessary to short out MS1 and MS2. To initialize its model and channel data, you can operate as following: (1) Short out the two SELF points on PCB; (2) Turn on the power and turn the channel selector knob to the position 7; -5-
3. PC Programming Mode The following parameters can be set through programming software: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Receive frequency and transmit frequency Receive signaling and transmit signaling Busy channel lockout Time-out timer Squelch level Battery save Audio alarm Monitor mode Scan mode Scan revert channel Priority scan channel N/W Model High/low power N/W setting
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5. Manual Adjust Mode If manual adjust mode is enabled, turn on the power while holding down PTT and MONI simultaneously, the radio enters manual adjust mode after 2 seconds. Choose the adjusting items by turning the channel selector knob to CH1-CH7 position; use PTT (upwards) or MONI (downwards) to adjust (Note: MIC jack shouldnt be connected with external cable while adjusting), CH1-CH7 positions are defined as follows: (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) Low battery alert level Squelch level 9 Squelch level 3 CTCSS deviation (wide) CDCSS deviation (wide) CTCSS deviation (narrow) CDCSS deviation (narrow)
CH13-CH16 are used to adjust transmitter and receiver. Press PTT to transmit; release to receive. CH13-CH16 are defined as follows: (13) (14) (15) (16) Center frequency (difference between transmit and receive frequency is 0.1MHz) Lowest frequency (difference between transmit and receive frequency is 0.1MHz) Highest frequency (difference between transmit and receive frequency is -0.075MHz) Center frequency: transmit with 250.3Hz CTCSS tone (difference between transmit and receive frequency is 0.1MHz) Note: To enable or disable manual adjust mode: short out the two SELF points, turn on the power to enter model set mode. And then the manual adjust mode is enabled. Press [PTT], manual adjust mode is disabled. This mode is suggested to be disabled after the adjustment is completed. 6. User/Factory Wired Clone Mode Turn on the power while holding down MONI, the radio enters wired clone mode. (1) If the two SELF points are disconnected, press MONI again to begin user wired clone and red LED blinks; When cloning is completed, red LED goes out. (2) If the two SELF points are short circuit, press MONI again to begin factory wired clone and red LED blinks; When cloning is completed, red LED goes out. Note: The difference between user wired clone mode and factory wired clone mode is that the latter is able to clone tune parameters.
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Note: For standard model, CTCSS is off in all channels after initialization.
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Circuit Description
1. Frequency Configuration The receiver utilizes double conversion superheterodyne. The first IF is 21.4MHz and the second is 455KHz. The first local oscillator signal is supplied from PLL circuit. Frequency needed in the transmitter is supplied from PLL circuit. Figure 1 shows the frequency configuration. Frequency Range: 400 MHz420MHz 450 MHz470MHz 136 MHz150MHz 150 MHz174MHz
2.
Receiver The receiver utilizes double conversion superheterodyne. 1) Front-end RF Amplifier The input signal from antenna is amplified in RF amplifier (Q27) after passing through the receive/transmit switch circuit and a 3-stage LC band pass filter. The amplified signals are filtered by a band pass filter (a 3-stage LC BPF) to eliminate unwanted signals before they goes to the first frequency mixer.
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DET
HPF AMP
Q12 SW
IC7 LPF
2
BUSY
39 40
AFCO MUTE
1
TI
IC11 MCU
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6) Receive signaling CTCSS/CDCSS Audio frequencies over 300Hz of the output signal from IC1 is cut off by a low-pass filter. The resulting signal enters the microprocessor IC11. IC11 determines whether the CTCSS/CDCSS matches the preset value and controls the MUTE and AFCO and the speaker sound output according to the squelch results. 3. PLL Frequency Synthesizer PLL circuit generates the first local oscillator signal for reception and the RF signal for transmission. 1) PLL Circuit The step frequency of PLL circuit is 2.5KHz or 6.25 KHz. A12.8MHz reference oscillator signal is divided at IC2 by a fixed counter to produce a 2.5 KHz or 6.25 KHz reference frequency. Output signal from voltage control oscillator (VCO) passes through buffer amplifier Q14 and is divided at IC2 by the dual-module programmable counter. The divided signal is compared in the phase comparator IC2 with the 2.5 KHz or 6.25 KHz reference signal. The output signal from phase comparator is filtered through a low-pass filter and passed to the VCO to control the oscillator frequency. (See figure 4)
Figure 4 PLL circuit 2) VCO The operating frequency is generated by Q16 in transmit mode and by Q8 in receive mode. The operation frequency generates a voltage through the phase comparator to control the varactor diodes, so as to keep the oscillator frequency consistent with the preset frequency in CPU (D2 and D3 in transmit mode and D7 and D8 in receive mode). T/R pin is set high in receive mode causing Q6 to turn off Q16 and turn Q7 on. The T/R pin is set low in transmit mode. The output from Q8 and Q16 is amplified by Q14 and sent to the buffer amplifier.
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4.
Transmitter 1) Transmit audio The audio signal from microphone is amplified through IC3, and then pre-emphasized , and then filtered by another low-pass filter separate filter (Q25 and Q24) to eliminate the frequencies over 3KHz. The resulting signal enters the VCO for direct FM modulation. (See figure 5) 2) CTCSS/CDCSS Encoder The necessary frequency for CTCSS/CDCSS encoder is generated by IC11 and FM-modulated to the PLL reference signal. Since the reference OSC does not modulate the loop characteristic frequency or higher, modulation is performed at the VCO side by splitter. (See figure 5)
Figure 5 transmit CTCSS 3) RF amplifier The transmit signal obtained from VCO buffer amplifier Q14 is amplified by Q15 and Q17. This amplified signal is passed to power amplifier Q32 and Q31, and is capable of producing a 4.0W RF power. 4) Antenna Switch and LPF The RF amplifier output signal is passed through a low-pass filter network and a transmit/receive switch circuit before it is passed to the antenna terminal. The transmit/receive switch circuit is comprised of D11 and D12. D11 and D12 is turned on in transmit mode and off in receive mode. 5. Power The 5V reference power supply for the control circuit is derived from an internal battery. The reference power provides a 5V supply in transmit mode [T_V], a 5V supply in receive mode [R_V], and a 5V supply shared in both modes based the control signal from the microprocessor. 6. Control System The IC11 CPU operates at 7.3728MHz.
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CPU Pins
PIN No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 TI BUSY BATT TIBI NC SAVE TXLow NC DAT CLK LE BEEP SCL SDA MUTE MS1 GREEN RED TXD RXD PTTK MS2 RXC NC RESET SELF TXC XIN XOUT Vss R/T UL IF-SELECT MONIK I I O I O I O I I I I I I Reset input Self-program L: on H:on O O O O O I/O O I O O O I I I O data output clock output PLL IC enable Beep output E2PROM clock cable E2PROM data cable MIC mute control Model set Green light control Red light control RS-232C output RS-233C input PTT key input Standard model select Receiver power control H: Non-standard L: Standard L: power on H: light H: light H: Mic mute L: Mic enable O O Power saving control Transmitter power control H: OFF L: ON PIN NAME I/O I I I I CTCSS/CDCSS input Input busy signal Detect battery voltage CTCSS/CDCSS exterior circuit central point input DESCRIPTION
Transmitter power control Oscillator input Oscillator output Grounding TX/RX control PLL unlock detector IF select MONI key input
H RX H: Lock
TX
L: unlock
H: 21.4MHz
L: 45.05MHz
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ENC3
AFMUTE AFP TONE5 TONE4 TONE3 TONE2 TONE1 TONE0
I O O O O O O O O O Audio muting control Audio power control CTCSS code output CTCSS code output CTCSS code output CTCSS code output CTCSS code output CTCSS code output W/N L: Wide H: Narrow
WNTC
NC Vcc VREF Avss NC NC NC NC
I I I
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Adjustment Description
The radio can be adjusted with PC programming software or by manual adjustment. Manual adjustment procedure of TC-500 is as follow. (Refer to model set mode and manual adjust mode in the section Software Specification.) Instrument: Radio Communication Test Set 1 set Scanner 1 set 3A/10V Power Supply 1 set Digital Voltmeter 1 set 3A Ammeter 1 set
Adjustment:
1. Initializing: Its necessary to set the model and initialize the radio before alignment because there is no needed information in EEPROM when the radio is manufactured. Please refer to the model set mode in the section Software Specification for details. 2. Adjustment: Some items can be adjusted in conventional communication mode and the others in manual adjust mode. Turn on the power, the radio enters conventional communication mode. If manual adjust mode is enabled, turn on the power while holding down PTT and MONI simultaneously, the radio enters manual adjust mode after 2 seconds. (Refer to the section Software Specification.)
VCO
Measurement Item Condition Test Instrument 1.Power supply 1.power voltage DC 6V 1.TX High. Turn to CH15 in 2.Transmit VCO lock voltage manual adjust mode and press PTT. 2.TX Low. Turn to CH14 in manual adjust mode and press PTT. 3. Receive VCO lock voltage 1.RX High. Turn to CH15 in manual adjust mode. 2.RX Low. Turn to CH14 in manual adjust mode. TC2 Digital Voltmeter CV TC1 Terminal Part Method /Remarks Adjustment Specification
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Adjust the waveform to the top, and the top is flat, the 4. Band Pass Filter 1.RX Center. Turn to CH13 in manual adjust mode. Scanner ANT . TP2 TC3 TC4 TC5 bandwidth is about 20MHz, the sign of RX central frequency is at the middle of the waveform.
1.RX Center. Turn to CH13 in manual adjust mode (long press MONI key to switch N/W). 2. RX Low. Turn to CH14 5.sensitivity in manual adjust mode (long press MONI key to switch N/W). 3.RX High. Turn to CH15 in manual adjust mode (long press MONI key to switch N/W). Radio 1.RX Center. Turn to CH2 in manual adjust mode. Adjust by Communication Test Set ANT Speaker Jack Level 3 Adjust squelch level 3 Level 9 Adjust to just close the squelch. Radio Communicati on Test Set
-118dBm MOD:1KHz ANT DEV:3kHz Speaker (Wide) 1.5kHz (Narrow) FILER: 0.3-3.4kHz
Jack Check SINAD: 12dB or higher
pressing PTT or MONI. SSG output: 6.Squelch 2.RX Center. Turn to CH3 in manual adjust mode. Adjust by -117dBm Radio Communication Test Set
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7.Transmit frequency
ANT
TC6
Error 250Hz
1. TX Center. Turn to CH13 in 8.Max. Deviation manual adjust mode and press PTT (long press MONI key to switch N/W).
LPF:
AF:1kHz 120mV
Radio Communication
1. TX Center. Turn to CH13 in 9. Modulation manual adjust mode and press Sensitivity PTT (long press MONI key to switch N/W).
Check deviation:
1. TX Center. CTCSS: 67.0Hz. Turn to CH4 in manual adjust mode. 10. CTCSS Balance 2. TX Center. CTCSS: 250.3Hz. Turn to CH16 in manual adjust mode and press PTT. 1. TX Center. Turn to CH4 (wide) 11. CTCSS Deviation and CH4 (narrow) in manual adjust mode. Adjust by pressing PTT or MONI. Radio Communication 1. TX Center. Turn to CH5 (wide) Test Set LPF:300Hz 12. CDCSS Deviation and CH7 (narrow) in manual adjust mode. Adjust by pressing PTT or MONI. 1. TX Center. Turn to CH13 in 13. High/low Power manual adjust mode and press PTT (long press MONI key to switch N/W). 14. Low Battery Alert Level 1. Turn to CH1 in manual adjust mode. Adjust the power supply voltage at 5.3V. Adjust by pressing PTT or MONI. Digital Voltmeter Adjust the level to make LED just flash. Radio Communication Test Set Power ANT Adjust deviation to: Adjust deviation to: Radio Communication Test Set LPF:300Hz ANT VR3 Adjust VR3, deviation tested on condition 1 and condition 2 are consistent, the difference200Hz
67.0Hz CTCSS
250.3Hz CTCSS
0.65kHz100Hz(Wide) 0.4kHz100Hz(Narrow)
0.65kHz100Hz(Wide) 0.4kHz100Hz(Narrow)
Check: Low: 1.62.5W High: above 3.5W
ANT
Supply: 6V
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Figure 1
Scr ew
Figure 2
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Figure 4
Figure 5
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Figure 6
Figure 7
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Exploded View
2
3 3
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Part List 2
Part List 2 No. P/N A 14042563 B 14062041 C 14052009 D 14066082 E 14042550 1 1704412A 2 1604210B 3 1504013E 4 14013110 5 1509106E 6 1509107E 7 13090020 8 17064021 9 19060020 10 19090020 11 1404320A 12 14066300 13 1905002B 14 1504111A 15 1604214A 16 1404327A 17 1704401A 18 1604215B 19 1604211A 20 1404317D 21 14093102 22 1504014B 23 1404326A 24 15040104 25 1704407B 26 1404308B 27 1704414A 28 08021050 29 08021060 30 20020015 TC500 Mic cover screw 2.56mm PTS2.04 Screw (cross) (low-carbon steel, color zinc plated) Machine screw M29 (color zinc) Machine screw, cross pan head PMS2.5*4 carbon steel, color zinc plated Machine screw 2.5X5 (T9 cross recess head) TC-500 Mic net TC-500 PTT key TC-500 Front case (main unit) (ABS) TC2088-311A Liner (knob) TC368S Channel selector knob TC368S Volumn knob Speaker 4 0.5W (036S23) TC370 Insulating mat (speaker) 17*1 278.378 PTT switch SKHLLBA010 368 Channel switch RY-6933 TC-500 Nut (encoder) 278.378 Nut (switch) 1688 Switch (volumn) TC2100 Positive connector bracket (black) TC-500 Battery contact pad TC-500 Battery positive terminal TC2100 Water-proof sponge (positive terminal) TC-500US Water-proof ring TC-500 Heat sinking pad TC-500 Aluminun chasis 368S Antenna pedestal (main unit) (SMA-B01) TC-500 Rear cover TC-500 Latch spring TC2108 Battery latch (PC+ABS) TC-500 Water-proof PVC sheet (battery) TC2100 Negative terminal (battery) TC-500 PVC Water-proof cushion MIC JACK ISJ-2584-001 PHONE JACK 2SJ-2435-001 Lead 0.560 red Description Qty. 1.00 11.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
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TC-500 Packing
Packing
Antenna
Strap
Belt Clip
O wn
er`s
M an ua l
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TC-500 Specifications
Specifications
400 MHz ~420 MHz Frequency range 450 MHz ~470 MHz 136 MHz ~150 MHz 150 MHz ~174 MHz Channel capacity (simplex) Channel spacing Antenna impedance Microphone impedance Operation voltage Frequency stability 16 25KHz(wide)/12.5KHz(narrow) 50 2K 6V DC 2.510-6 Transmitter Carrier frequency error Carrier output power Modulation sensitivity Modulation distortion Modulation limiting Bandwidth Audio response 2.510
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Conducted spurious emission 7.5W Adjacent channel power -65 d B Receiver Reference sensitivity Unsquelch sensitivity Audio power Audio distortion Modulation acceptance Audio response Co-channel rejection Blocking 0.25V(wide)/0.35uV(narrow) 0.4V 400mW (4) 5% 7 KHz(wide)/ 3.5KHz(narrow) From 6 dB/oct. De-Emphasis +2dB -8 d B 85d B -8dB
Adjacent channel selectivity 60 d B(wide)/50dB(narrow) Spurious response rejection 60 d B Intermodulation rejection 60 d B(wide)/50dB(narrow)
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