Professional Documents
Culture Documents
4.1. Ung Dung Tich Phan Tinh Dien Tich The Tich
4.1. Ung Dung Tich Phan Tinh Dien Tich The Tich
217
NG DNG TCH PHN TNH DIN TCH, TH TCH
I. DIN TCH HNH PHNG XC NH BI NG CONG y = == = f(x)
1. DIN TCH HNH PHNG GII HN BI 1 NG CONG:
1.1. Bi ton: Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
( ) ( )
:
: 0
,
=
= =
y f x
Ox y
x a x b
C
1.2. Cng thc tng qut:
( )
=
b
a
S f x dx
1.3. Cng thc khai trin:
a.
( )
=
b
a
S f x dx a nu f(x) 0
b.
( )
=
b
a
S f x dx nu f(x) 0
c.
( ) ( ) ( )
= +
c d b
a c d
S f x dx f x dx f x dx
2. DIN TCH HNH PHNG GII HN BI 2 NG CONG:
2.1. Bi ton: Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
:
:
,
=
= =
y f x
y g x
x a x b
C
C
2.2. Cng thc tng qut:
( ) ( )
=
b
a
S f x g x dx
O a b x
f(x) < 0
y
S
f(x) < 0
f(x) > 0
f(x) > 0
y
O a b
x
c d
S
2
S
3
S
1
x
y
a b O
S
f(x)
g(x)
x
y
a b O
f(x)
g(x)
c
g(x)
f(x)
S
2
S
1
f(x) > 0
O a b x
y
S
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
218
2.3. Cng thc khai trin:
a.
( ) ( )
( )
=
b
a
S f x g x dx nu f(x) g(x) x[a, b]
b.
( ) ( )
( )
=
b
a
S g x f x dx nu f(x) g(x) x[a, b]
c.
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
= +
c b
a c
S f x g x dx g x f x dx
3. DIN TCH HNH PHNG GII HN BI CC NG CONG T CT KHP KN
3.1. Bi ton 1: Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
=
: y f x
: y g x
C
C
Bc 1: Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
=
=
=
x a
f x g x
x b
Bc 2: S dng
( ) ( )
=
b
a
S f x g x dx
3.2. Bi ton 2: Tm din tch hnh phng
S gii hn bi
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
3
=
: y f x
: y g x
: y h x
C
C
C
Bc 1: Gii phng trnh tng giao tm honh giao im
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 2
2 3
3 1
C
A
B
C C
C C
C C
Bc 2: S dng
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
= +
c b
a c
S f x h x dx g x h x dx
4. CH : Cn phi in "vdt" vo kt qu cui cng trong cc bi ton
tnh din tch hnh phng
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 2
2 3
3 1
C
A
B
C C
C C
C C
gii phng trnh f(x) = g(x)
gii phng trnh g(x) = h(x)
gii phng trnh h(x) = f(x)
x
y
a b O
f(x)
g(x)
S
S
g(x)
f(x)
h(x)
a b c x
y
O
A
B
C
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
219
5. CC BI TP MU MINH HA
Bi 1. Tnh S: ( ) ( ) { }
( )
2 2
1 2
P : x ay ; P : y ax a 0 = = >
Gii
( ) ( )
4 2
2
2
1 2
2 2
4
4 3
2
2
2
x x
y y
P P : a a
y ax y ax
x
ax x a x x 0, y 0
a
x a, y a
y ax
y ax
= =
= =
= = = =
= =
=
=
a
a
2 3 2 3 2
0
0
x 2 a x 2a a a
S ax dx x x
a 3 3a 3 3a 3
| | | |
= = = =
| |
\ \
(vdt)
Bi 2. Tnh S: ( ) ( )
{ }
2
: y 2y x 0 ; D : x y 0 + = + = C
Gii
( )
( )
2
: y 2y x 0
D : x y 0
+ =
+ =
C
( )
( )
2
: x y 2y
D : x y 0
= +
+ =
C
( ) ( )
2
y 0; x 0
D : y 2y y 0
y 3; x 3
= =
+ + =
= =
C
( ) ( ) ( )
3 3
2 2
0 0
S y 2y y dy y 2y y dy
(
= + = + +
( )
3
3
3 2
2
0
0
y 3y 1 3 9
y 3y dy 27 9
3 2 3 2 2
| |
= + = + = + =
|
\
(vdt)
Bi 3. Tnh S:
( ) ( )
{ }
2
P : y 2x ; D : x 2y 2 0 ; Ox : y 0 = + = =
Gii
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2
y 2 2y 2 y 2x
P D
x 2y 2 x 2y 2
y 2 y 4y 4 0
x 2 x 2y 2
= =
= =
= + =
= =
( )
2
2
2 3
2
0
0
y y 8
S 2y 2 dy y 2y
2 6 6
( | |
= = + =
| (
\
(vdt)
a
a
(P )
O
y
x
S
(P )
1
2
2
1
3
-3
1
x
+
y
=
0
x
=
-y
+
2
y
2
S
x
y
O
2
2 -2
1
-2
S
x
y
O
(D)
(P)
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
220
Bi 4. Tnh S:
( )
( )
( )
{ }
2
1 7 x
P : y x 8x 7 ; H : y
3 x 3
= + =
Gii
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 7 x
P H : x 8x 7
3 x 3
x 0
x x 11x 28
0 x 4
3 3 x
x 7
+ =
=
+
= =
( )
7
2
4
1 7 x
S x 8x 7 dx
3 x 3
(
= +
(
7
2
4
x 8x 4 4
dx
3 3 3 x 3
(
= +
(
7
3 2
4
x 4x 4
x 4ln x 3 9 8ln2
9 3 3
| |
= + = +
|
\
(vdt)
Bi 5. Cho:
( ) ( )
{ }
2 2 2
P : y 2x ; C : x y 8 = + = .
(P) chia (C) thnh 2 phn, tm t s din tch ca 2 phn .
Gii
Nhn vo th ta c:
2
2
2
2
0
y
S 2 8 y dy
2
(
=
(
2
2 2
3
2 2
0 0 0
y 8
2 8 y dy y dy 2I 2I
3 3
= = =
Xt
2
2
0
I 8 y dy =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
2
0
3
2
1
5
2
3
S x 3 x 4x 3 dx
x 3 x 4x 3 dx
x 3 x 4x 3 dx
(
= + + +
(
+ + + + +
(
+ + +
( ) ( ) ( )
1 3 5
2 2 2
0 1 3
x 5x dx x 3x 6 dx x 5x dx = + + + + +
1 3 5
3 2 3 2 3 2
0 1 3
x 5x x 3x x 5x 109
6x
3 2 3 2 3 2 6
| | | | | |
= + + + + + =
| | |
\ \ \
(vdt)
Bi 7. Tnh S: ( ) ( )
( )
2
1 2
3x 12x
C : y 1 2sin ; C : y 1 ; D : x
2 2
= = + =
`
)
Gii
( )
2
1
3x
C : y 1 2sin cos3x
2
= =
Nhn vo th ta c:
ANOI OIK
S S S 3 =
6 6
0
0
7 1
3 cos3xdx 2 sin3x 2 1
2 2
+
= = =
Bi 8. Tm din tch hnh phng S gii hn bi
(P): y = x
2
2x + 2 v cc tip tuyn ca (P)
i qua A(2; 2).
-1
1 2 3
O
x
y
5
3
8
S
1
2
S
S
3
-3
O x
y
6
3 2
1
7
A
B
C
N
M
S
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
222
s
2
1
s
10
7
3
4
y
x
O
1
2
1
d
2
2
d
2
(P)
Gii
ng thng qua A c dng (d): y = k(x 2) 2.
(d) l tip tuyn ca (P) khi
( )
( ) ( ) [ ]
2
2
x 2x 2 k x 2 2
x 2x 2 k x 2 2
+ =
+ =
( )( )
2 2
2x 2 k 2x 2 k x 0; k 2
x 4; k 6 x 2x 2 2x 2 x 2 2 x 4x 0
= = = =
= = + = =
Vy 2 tip tuyn ca (P) i qua A l: (d
1
): y = 2x + 2 tip xc vi (P) ti
B(0, 2) v (d
2
): y = 6x 14 tip xc vi (P) ti C(4, 10).
Vy
( )
( ) ( ) { }
2
1 2
S: P : y x 2x 2; d : y 2x 2 ; d : y 6x 14 = + = + =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 4
2 2
0 2
S x 2x 2 2x 2 dx x 2x 2 6x 14 dx
( (
= + + + +
( ) ( ) ( )
2 4 2 4
2
2 2 2
0 2 0 2
x dx x 8x 16 dx x dx x 4 d x 4 = + + = +
( )
4
2
3
3
0
2
x x 4 8 8 8 8 16
0 0
3 3 3 3 3 3 3
| | | |
= + = + = + =
| |
\ \
(vdt)
Bi 9. Tnh S: ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
1 2
x 27
P : y x ; P : y ; H : y
27 x
= = = `
)
Gii
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 2
2 3
1
2
3 2
2
x
P P : x x 0 y 0
27
27
P H : x x 27 x 3
x
x 27
P H : x 27 x 9
27 x
= = =
= = =
= = =
Nhn vo th ta c:
9 3
3 9
2 2 3 3
2
0 3 0 3
x 27 x 26x x
S x dx dx 27ln x
27 x 27 81 81
| | | | | |
= + = +
| | |
\ \ \
26 1
0 27ln9 27ln3 9 27ln3
3 3
| | | |
= + + =
| |
\ \
(vdt)
3 O
y
3
9 6
9
2
9
s
1
2
s
(P )
(P )
(H)
1
2
x
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
223
Bi 10. Tnh S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
1 2 1 2
x 2 8
P : y x ; P : y ; H : y ; H : y
4 x x
= = = = `
)
Gii
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 3 3 3
1 1
2 3
1 2
2
3
2 1
2
P H : x x 2 x 2 y 4
x
8
P H : x x 8 x 2 y 4
x
x 2
P H : x 8 x 2 y 1
4 x
= = = =
= = = =
= = = =
( ) ( )
2
3 3 3
2 2
x 8
P H : x 32 x 2 4 y 2 2
4 x
= = = =
3
3
3 3
2 32
2 32
2 3 3
2
2 2 2 2
2 8 x x x
S x dx dx 2ln x 8ln x
x x 4 3 12
| | | | | |
| |
= + = +
| | | |
\ \ \ \
4ln 2 = (vdt)
Bi 11. Tnh S:
( ) ( ) ( )
{ }
3
2 2
P : y 4x; C : y 4 x = =
Gii
Phng trnh ca (P) v (C) u chn i vi y, v th S l min nhn Ox lm
trc i xng. Gi S
1
l phn nm trn trc Ox, khi S = 2S
1
( ) ( ) ( )
( )( ) ( ) ( )
3
3 2
2
2
P C : 4x 4 x x 12x 52x 64 0
x 2 x 10x 32 0 x 2 x 5 7 0
x 2 y 2 2
= + + =
(
+ = + =
= =
( )
( ) ( )
3
P Ox : 4x 0 x 0
C Ox : 4 x 0 x 4
= =
= =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 4 2 4 1
3
3
2
2
2
1
0 2 0 2
S 4x dx 4 x dx 2 x dx x 4 d x 4 = + =
( )
2
4
3
5
2
2
0 2
4 2 8 2 8 2 64 2
x x 4 0 0
3 5 3 5 15
| | | |
= = + =
| |
\ \
. Vy
128 2
S 2S
15
= =
Cch 2: S:
( )
( )
2
2 3
1
P : x y
4
C : x 4 y
( )
2 2 2
2
3
1
0
1
S 4 y y dy
4
(
= (
128 2
15
= (vdt)
s
2
1
S
4
O
4
1
2 2
3
3
3
4 2
3
16
(P )
x
y
(P )
(H )
(H )
1
2
2
1
-1
2 3
O
4
1
-2 2
S
1
x
y
2 2
(C)
(P)
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
224
Bi 12. Tnh S:
( ) ( ) ( )
{ }
3
2 2
P : y 2x; C : 27y 8 x 1 = =
Gii
Gi S l phn nm pha trn trc Ox, t tnh cht
ca 2 hm chn suy ra tnh i xng khi S = 2S.
Do y
2
0 (x 1)
3
0 x 1
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3
2
8
P C : 2x x 1
27
x 4 2x 1 0 x 4 y 2 2
=
+ = = =
( )
P Ox: 2x 0 x 0 = = ;
( ) ( )
3
C Ox: x 1 0 x 1 = =
( )
( ) ( )
3 4 4 4 1
3
2
2
1
1 1 1
8 x 1 4 2
68 2
S 2S 2 2x dx 2 2 x dx x 1 d x 1
15
27
3 3
| |
|
= = = =
|
\
Bi 13. Tnh din tch hnh elip gii hn bi (E):
2 2
2 2
y x
1
a b
+ =
Gii
Phng trnh
2 2
2 2
y x
1
a b
+ = chn i vi x v y nn elip nhn O l tm i xng.
Gi S
1
l din tch ca phn elip thuc gc phn t (I) trn mt phng Oxy.
{ }
2 2
1
b
S : x 0; y 0; y a x
a
= = = v
a
2 2
1
0
b
S 4S 4 a x dx
a
= =
t x = acos:
x 0 2
x a 0
= =
= =
; Khi
( )
2 a 0
2 2 2 2
0 2 0
b 4b 1 cos 2
S 4 a x dx a sin d 4ab d ab
a a 2
= = = =
(vdt)
Bi 14. Tnh S:
( )
{ }
2
0 y 1; y x 1 ; x sin y = + =
Gii
[ ] x sin y 1,1 = x + 1 0; m 0 y 1 nn
( )
2
y x 1 x y 1 = + =
( )
1
1 3
2
0
0
1 2 2 1
S sin y y 1 dy cos y y y
3 3
| |
= + = + = + |
\
(vdt)
2 2
2 2
4 O 1
1
S
(P)
(C)
x
y
x
y
O
a
b
S
1
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
225
TH TCH KHI TRN XOAY
I. VX SINH BI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox:
S:
( ) ( )
1 2
: y f x
Ox : y 0
, : x a, x b
=
= =
C
Cng thc:
( )
b
2
x
a
V f x dx =
II. VX SINH BI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox:
S:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
1
2
1 2
: y f x
: y g x
0 g x f x
, : x a, x b
=
= =
C
C
Cng thc:
( ) ( )
b
2 2
x
a
V f x g x dx ( =
III. VX SINH BI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox: S:
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
2
: y f x
: y g x
=
C
C
Bc 1: Gii phng trnh:
( ) ( )
x a
f x g x
x b
=
=
Bc 2: Gi s 0 g(x) f(x),x[a, b]. Khi :
( ) ( )
b
2 2
x
a
V f x g x dx ( =
IV. VX SINH BI DIN TCH: NG CONG BC HAI f(x, y) = == = 0 QUAY XUNG QUANH Ox:
Bc 1: Tch ng cong bc hai f(x, y) = 0 thnh
( )
( )
( )
( )
1 1
2 2
: y f x
: y f x
=
C
C
v gi s 0 f
2
(x) f
1
(x)
Bc 2: Xc nh cn x = a, x = b.
Khi :
( ) ( )
b
2 2
x 1 2
a
V f x f x dx ( =
y
x
b
a
O
(C)
S
b
x
y
S
a
O
(C )
(C )
2
1
O
x
1
(C )
(C )
2
y
a
b
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
226
V. Vy SINH BI DIN TCH S CA 1 TH QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
S:
( ) ( )
( )
( )
1
2
: y f x
Oy: x 0
: y f a
: y f b
=
C
Bc 1: y = f(x) x = f
1
(y)
Bc 2: ( )
( )
( ) f b
2
1
y
f a
V f y dy
( =
VI. Vy SINH BI DIN TCH S CA 2 TH QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
S:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1
2
1
2
: y f x
: y g x
: y f a g m
: y f b g n
=
= =
= =
C
C
Bc 1:
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
1
1
1
2
: y f x x f y
: y g x x g y
= =
= =
C
C
Bc 2: Gi s ( ) ( )
1 1
0 g y f y
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) f b
2 2
1 1
y
f a
V f y g y dy
( ( =
VII. Vy SINH BI DIN TCH: NG CONG BC 2 f(x, y) = == = 0 QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
Bc 1: Tch ng cong bc hai f(x, y) = 0 thnh
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
: x f y
: x f y
=
C
C
v gi s 0 f
2
(y) f
1
(y)
Bc 2: Xc nh cn x = a, x = b. Khi : ( ) ( )
b
2 2
x 1 2
a
V f y f y dy ( =
VIII. PHNG PHP BAO TR TNH Vy KHI DIN TCH S QUAY XUNG QUANH Oy:
Cng thc:
( )
b
y
a
V 2 xf x dx =
CH : Cn phi in "vtt" vo kt qu cui cng trong cc bi ton tnh
th tch khi trn xoay
f(b)
a b
f(a)
O
(C)
x
y
S
a b m n O
(C )
1
2
(C )
S
f(b)
f(a)
x
y
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
227
IX. CC BI TP MU MINH HA
Bi 1. Tm V
x
sinh bi S:
( ) ( )
{ } : y ln x; Ox : y 0; : x 2 = = = C quay quanh Ox
Gii
Xt
( )
Ox : ln x 0 x 1 = = C
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 2
1 x
1 1
V ln x dx x ln x x d ln x = =
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
1
1 1
2
2 2 2
1
2 ln 2 2 ln x dx 2 ln 2 2 x ln x 2 x d ln x
2 ln 2 4 ln 2 2 dx 2 ln 2 4 ln 2 2 2 ln 2 1
= = +
= + = + =
vtt
Bi 2. Tnh V
x
khi S:
( ) ( )
{ }
3
L : y x ln 1 x ; y 0 ; x 1 = + = = quay quanh Ox.
Gii
( )
( )
3
3
3
3
x 1 1 x 0
y x ln 1 x x 0
1 x 1
ln 1 x 0
> + >
= +
+
+
y 0
( ) ( )
3
L Ox: x ln 1 x 0 x 0 + = =
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1
2 3 3 3
x
0 0
V x ln 1 x dx ln 1 x d x 1
3
= + = + +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
1 1 1
3 3 3 3 3
0 0
0
2 ln 2 2ln 2 1
x 1 ln 1 x x 1 d ln 1 x x
3 3 3 3 3
(
= + + + + = =
Bi 3. Cho S:
( ) ( )
{ } 2
1
C : y ; D : x 1; y 0, x 0
1 x
= = = =
+
. Tnh V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
2
1
y
1 x
=
+
> 0
( )
2
1
C : x 1
y
=
( )
( ) ( )
C Oy : x 0 y 1
C D : x 1 y 1 2
= =
= =
( )
1 2 1
1 1 2
y
0 1 2
0 1 2
1 1
1
V dy 1 dy y ln y y ln ln 2
y
2 2 2
| |
| |
= + = + = + =
|
|
\
\
O
x
y
1
1/2
1
(C)
(D)
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
228
Bi 4. Cho S: ( )
2 2 2
x y b a ; 0 a b + <
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
a. Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
x y b a y b a x + =
2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1 1 2
: ; : A B A y b a x A B A y b a x = + =
( ) ( )
a
2 2
2 2 2 2
x
a
V b a x b a x dx
(
= + (
a a
2 2 2 2
a 0
4 b a x dx 8 b a x dx
= =
. t x = asint
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2 2
x
0 0
2
2
2 2 2 2
0
0
V 8 b a 1 sin t a cos t dt 4 a b 2cos t dt
4 a b 1 2cos 2t dt 4 a b t sin 2t 2 a b
= =
= + = + =
vtt
b. Ta c: ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
x y b a x a y b + =
( )
( )
2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1 1 2
B A B : x a y b ; B A B : x a y b = =
Do cc cung
1 2 2 1 1 2
B A B , B A B i xng nhau qua Oy nn
( ) ( )
b a b a
3 3
2 3 2 2 3
y
b a
b a
1 2a 4 a
V a y b dy a y y b 2a
3 3 3
+ +
| |
(
(
= = = =
|
(
\
(vtt)
Bi 5. Cho S l din tch ca (E):
( )
2 2
y
x 4
1
4 16
+ =
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
x 0 a
t 0 /2
dx a cost dt
O
b
-a a
x
y
I
A
B
C
D
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
229
a. (E):
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
y y
x 4 x 4
1 1
4 16 16 4
+ = =
( )
2
2
y 4 4 x 4
(
=
( ) ( )
2
E Ox : 4 x 4 0 x 2; x 6 = = =
( )
( )
2 2
ABC: y 2 4 x 4 ; ADC: y 2 4 x 4 = =
Do cc cung
2
2
1
BAD: x 4 16 y
2
1
BCD: x 4 16 y
2
=
= +
2 2 4 4
2 2 2
y
4 4
1 1
V 4 16 y 4 16 y dy 8 16 y dy
2 2
(
| | | |
= + = (
| |
\ \
t y = 4sint
( )
2
2
y
2
V 8 16 1 sin t 4cos t dt
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
64 2cos t dt 64 1 2cos 2t dt 64 t sin 2t 64
= = + = + =
vtt
Bi 6. Cho S:
( )
2
P : y 2x x
Ox : y 0
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
y 4 4
t /2 /2
dy 4 cost dt
C A
D
B
6 2 4
4
y
x
O
-4
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
230
Gii
a.
( )
2
P Ox : 2x x 0 x 0; x 2 = = =
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 3 4
x
0 0
V 2x x dx 4x 4x x dx = = +
( )
2
3 4 5
0
4 1 16
x x x
3 5 15
| |
= + =
|
\
vtt
b.
( ) ( )
2
2
P : y 2x x x 1 1 y = =
OA: x 1 1 y ; AB: x 1 1 y = = +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
1
2 2
y
0
1 1
1 2
0 0
1
3 2
0
V 1 1 y 1 1 y dy
4 1 y dy 4 1 y d 1 y
8 8
1 y
3 3
(
= +
= =
= =
vtt
Bi 7. Tm V
x
khi quay S:
{ }
6 6
y cos x sin x; y 0; x 0; x
2
= + = = = quanh Ox.
Gii
( ) ( )
2 2
2
6 6 6 6
x
0 0
V cos x sin x dx cos x sin x dx
= + = +
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
0 0
2 2
2
0
0
3
cos x sin x cos x sin x 3sin xcos x dx 1 sin 2x dx
4
3 5 3 5
1 1 cos 4x dx x sin 4x
8 8 32 16
| |
(
= + + =
|
\
( | |
= = + =
|
(
\
vtt
Bi 8. Cho S:
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
1
2
P : y x x 0
D : y 3x 10
D : y 1
= >
= +
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
2
1
y
x
O
O
x
y
1
2
A
B
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
231
Gii
a. ( ) ( )
1 2
D D : 3x 10 1 x 3 + = =
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
1
P D : x 1 x 1 0
P D : x 3x 10 x 2 0 ; y 4
= = >
= + = > =
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 3
2 4
x
1 2
3 2
3 5
1 2
V x 1 dx 3x 10 1 dx
x 1 3x 10 31 61
x x 6
5 3 3 5 5
(
= + +
| | | |
+
= + = + = | |
\ \
vtt
b.
( ) ( )
2
P : y x x 0 x y = > = ; ( )
1
10 y
D : y 3x 10 x
3
= + =
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 4 4 4
2
2
y
1 1 1
4
3
2
1
10 y
V y dy y 10 d y 10 ydy
9 9
y 10 152 15 101
y
9 3 2 27 2 54
(
( = =
| |
| = = =
\
Bi 9. Cho S l din tch ca (E):
2
2
2 2
y
x
1
a b
+ = (0 < b < a)
a. Tm V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox b. Tm V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
a. (E):
( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
y y b
x x
1 1 y a x
a b b a a
+ = = =
2 2 2 2 b b
BA: y a x ; CA: y a x
a a
= =
Do cc cung
BA, AC i xng nhau qua Ox nn
( )
( )
a
a a 2 2 3 2
2
2 2 2 2 2
x
2 2
a
a a
b b x 4 ab
b
V a x dx a x dx a x
a
3 3
a a
| |
= = = =
|
\
(vtt)
1
3 2 1 O
x
y
S
D
D
(P)
4
1
2
O
y
x
A
B
C
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
232
b. (E): ( )
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
y y a
x x
1 1 x b y
a b a b b
+ = = =
2 2
2 2
a
AB: x b y
b
a
BC: x b y
b
=
=
Do cc cung
AB, BC i xng nhau qua Oy nn
( )
( )
b
b b 3 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2 2
y
2 2
0
0 0
y 2 a 2 a 4 a b
a
V 2 b y dy b y dy b y
b 3 3
b b
| |
= = = =
|
\
(vtt)
Bi 10. Cho S: ( ) ( ) { }
2 2
1 2
P : y 4 x ; P : y x 2 = = + . Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
Gii
( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 2
P P : 4 x x 2 x 1 x 1 = + = =
( ) ( )
1
2 2
2 2
0
V 2 4 x x 2 dx
(
= +
( ) ( )
1
1
3
2
0
0
x
24 1 x dx 24 x 16
3
| |
= = =
|
\
vtt
Bi 11. Tnh th tch khi trn xoay to nn khi cho hnh trn tm I(2, 0) bn
knh R = 1 quay quanh trc Oy.
Gii
Phng trnh (I, R): (x 2)
2
+ y
2
= 1
( )
2 2 2
x 2 1 y x 2 1 y = =
2 2
CA: x 2 1 y ; BC: x 2 1 y = = +
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2
2 2 2
y
0 0
V 2 2 1 y 2 1 y dy 16 1 y dy
(
= + =
(
t y = sint dy = costdt
2 2
2 2
y
0 0
V 16 1 sin t cos t dt 16 cos t dt
= =
( ) ( )
2 2
2
0
0
1
8 1 cos 2t dt 8 t sin 2t 4
2
| |
= + = + =
|
\
vtt
B
A
x
y
O
C
(P )
4
y
x
O
2
2
3
1
1
2
1
2
(P )
y
x O 1 2
I
C
A B
3
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
233
Bi 12. Cho S:
( ) ( )
{ }
2
P : y 2x ; D : y 2x 4 = = + .
Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
Gii
( ) ( )
2 2
C D : 2x 2x 4 x x 2 0 x 1 x 2 = + + = = =
( )
( )
( )
2
2
4
x
1
2
3
5
1
V 2x 4 4x dx
3 2x 4 4 x 288
2 5 5
(
= +
| |
+
= = |
\
vtt
Bi 13. Cho S: ( ) ( )
( )
2
2
1 2
x 27
P : y x ; P : y ; H : y
27 x
= = = `
)
Gii
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
1 2
2 3
1
2
3 2
2
x
P P : x x 0 y 0
27
27
P H : x x 27 x 3
x
x 27
P H : x 27 x 9
27 x
= = =
= = =
= = =
Nhn vo th ta c:
( ) ( )
3 9 9
2 4
4
x
2 2
0 3 0
3 9 9
5 2 5
2
0 3 3
27 x
V x dx dx dx
x 27
x 27 x 243 81 1 583
81 243
5 x 5 5 15 3 27 .5
= +
| |
= = =
|
\
vtt
b. ( ) ( )
( )
1 2
27
P : x y ; P : x 27y ; H : x
y
= = = (x, y 0)
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
3 9 3 9
2 2 2
y
0 3 0 3
9
3
2 2
0
3
27 27
V 27y y dy y dy 26ydy y dy
y y
1 81 9
13y 27ln y y 117 27ln 9 27ln3 81 27ln 3
2 2 2
| | | |
(
= + = +
| |
\ \
| |
= + = + + = +
|
\
vtt
y
2
-1 2
x
O
8
4
3 O
y
3
9 6
9
2
9
s
1
2
s
(P )
(P )
(H)
1
2
x
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
234
x
y
1,5
O
8
3
16
5
4 5
A
-1
2
4
(D)
(H)
Bi 14. Cho S:
( ) ( )
{ } C : y x, D : y 2 x, y 0 = = = . Tnh V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
( )
( )
( )
2
C : x y y 0 ; D : x 2 y = =
( ) ( )
2 2
C D : y 2 y y y 2 0 = + =
(x 1)(y + 2) = 0 y = 1 0
( )
( )
( )
1
2
4
y
0
1
5
3
0
V 2 y y dy
y 1 32
y 2
3 5 15
(
=
| |
= =
|
\
vtt
Bi 15. Cho
( )
2 2
y x
H : 1
16 4
= v (D) l tip tuyn ca (H) i qua A(2, 1) vi
h s gc dng. Tnh th tch khi trn xoay to bi min phng gii
hn bi (H), (D) v trc Ox khi quay quanh trc Oy.
Gii
(D) i qua A(2, 1) nn
(D): y = k(x 2) 1
(D):
( )
kx y 2k 1 0 + =
Ta c: (D) tip xc (H)
( )
2
2
16k 4 2k 1 = +
2
12k 4k 5 0 =
5 1
k k
6 2
= = (loi) (D):
5 8 6 16
y x x y
6 3 5 5
= = +
( ) ( )
2
2 2
6 16 3
D H : 4y 16 y 4y 12y 9 0 y ; x 5
5 5 2
| |
+ = + + = = =
|
\
( )
3 2 2
2
y
0
6y 16
V 4y 16 dy
5
(
+ | |
= + (
|
\
( ) ( )
3 2
3 3
2
0
0
4y 36
8 8
16y y d y
3 3
3 25
| |
= + + +
|
\
( )
( )
3 2
3
0
9 36 72
8
24 y
3
2 75 25
| |
= + + =
|
\
vtt
x
y
O
2
2
1
(C)
(D)
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
235
Bi 16. Cho S:
( ) ( ) ( ) { }
2
C : y x 2 , D : y 4 = = .
a. Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox b. Tnh V
y
khi S quay quanh Oy
Gii
a.
( ) ( ) ( )
2
P D : x 2 4 x 0, x 4 = = =
( )
4
4
x
0
V 16 x 2 dx
(
=
( )
4
5
0
x 2
16x
5
(
= (
( )
256
5
= vtt
b.
( )
P : x 2 y AI : x 2 y ; IB: x 2 y = = = +
( ) ( )
4
2 2
y
0
V 2 y 2 y dy
(
= +
( )
4 4
3 2
0
0
16 128
8 ydy y
3 3
= = =
vtt
Bi 17. Cho S: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 2
1 2
y y
P : x y 0 ; P : x 3y y 2 ; D : x 4
4 2
` = = + =
)
a. Tnh S b. Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox
Gii
a.
2 2
2
y y y 0
3y y 4y
y 4
4 2
=
= +
=
( )
( )
2
1
y
P D : 4 y 4 0
4
= = <
( )
( )
2
2
y y 2
P D : 3y 4
y 4 2
2
=
+ =
= >
Nhn vo th suy ra:
0 2
2 2
4 0
y y
S 4 dy 4 3y dy
4 2
| | | |
= + +
| |
\ \
0 2
3 3 2
4 0
y y 3y
4y 4y
12 6 2
| | | |
= + +
| |
\ \
( )
16 4
16 8 6 14
3 3
| | | |
= + + =
| |
\ \
vdt
(D)
O
x
2
y
S
4
(P)
O
x
y
4
4
6
2
S
(P )
1
2
(P )
(D)
-4
Chng II. Nguyn hm v tch phn Trn Phng
236
b. ( ) ( )
2
1
y
P : x y 0 y 2 x
4
= =
( ) ( )
4 4
4 2
2
x
0
0 0
V 2 x dx 4 x dx 2 x 32 = = = =
vtt
Bi 18. Cho S:
( ) ( )
3
2
x
C : y ; P : y x
3
= = `
)
.
Tnh V
x
khi S quay quanh Ox.
Gii
( ) ( )
3
2
x x 0
C P : x
x 3
3
=
=
( )
2 3 3
6
3
2
2 4
x
0 0
x
x
V x dx x dx
3
9
(
| |
| |
= = ( | |
\ \
( )
3
5 7
0
x x 486
5 63 35
| |
= =
|
\
vtt
Bi 19. Cho S:
( ) ( ) ( )
{ }
3
2 2
C : y 4 x ; P : y 4x = = .
Tnh V
x
, V
y
khi S quay quanh Ox, Oy
Gii
( ) ( ) ( )
3
C P : 4 x 4x =
3 2
x 12x 52x 64 0 + =
( ) ( )
2
x 2 x 5 7 0
(
+ =
x 2 y 2 2 = =
( ) ( )
3
C Ox : 4 x 0 x 4 = =
( )
P Ox : 4x 0 x 0 = =
( )
3
OA: y 4x ; AN: y 4 x = = ;
( )
3
OB: y 4x ; BN: y 4 x = =
Do (C), (P) nhn Ox lm trc i xng nn:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4 2 4
2
2 2
3 4
2
x
0
2
0 2
V 4x dx 4 x dx 2 x 4 x 12
4
= + = =
vtt
( )
( )
2 2 2 2
4 4
2
2 4 3 2 3
3
y
0 0
y y 1024 2
V 2 4 y dy 2 16 y 8y dy
16 16 35
( (
= = + =
( (
vtt
y
x
O
3
9
(P)
(C)
(C)
2 2
y
x
S
2 -2
4 O 2
(P)
A
B
N
ng dng tch phn tnh din tch, th tch
237