KHOA: IN

N MY IN

NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

NHN XT CA GIO VIN PHN BIN

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KHOA: IN

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LI NI U
Trong cng cuc xy dng v i mi t nc ngy cng pht trin cao hn
trong mi lnh vc, cng nghip, giao thng v cc dch v trong cuc sng hng
ngy.X hi khng ngng pht trin,sinh hot ca nhn dn khng ngng c nng cao
nn cn pht trin nhiu loi my in mi. Do c kt cu n gin, d ch to, lm
vic chc chn, hiu sut cao v gi thnh h nn ng c khng ng b c s
dng rng ri nht. Trong cng ngip, ng c khng ng b c dng lm ngun
ng lc cho my cn, my cng c trong cng nghip nhtrong nng nghip dng
lm my bm, my gia cng nng snv trong dch v hng ngy, n cng chim mt
v tr kh quan trng nh c dng cho my quay a,qut gi ,ng c cho t lnh v
cc thit b khc.
Theo s pht trin ca nn sn xut in kh ha v t ng ha trong sn
xut,i sng v trong mt s lnh vc khc. Phm vi ng dng ca my in ni
chung v ng c khng ng b ni ring ngy cng rng ri v thng dng nht l
ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc c cng sut va v nh,v so vi cc loi ng
c khc n c u im ni bt hn, ngoi ra trong khi lm vic t gy ting n v khng
gy ra cn nhiu v tuyn. Nhng c mt s nhc im l m men m my nh,dng
in m my ln,iu chnh tc kh khn. Do khng th khi ng trc tip hay
lm vic trong mt s trng hp ti cn m men ln v tc ln. khc phc
nhc im ny th ngi ta ch to ra loi ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc.
Trong thi gian hc mn my in em c giao nhim v thit k ng c
khng ng b ba pha rotor lng sc vi cc s liu cho sn. Bn thit k bao gm cc
phn chnh sau:
Phn 1. Gii thiu chung v ng c khng ng b.
A - Nguyn l lm vic v kt cu ca my in khng ng b.
B - Nhng vn chung khi thit k ng c khng ng b 3 pha rotor lng
sc
Phn 2. Thit k v tnh ton ng c khng ng b rotor lng sc.
A - Tnh ton cc kch thc c bn ca ng c

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KHOA: IN

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B - Tnh ton cc thng s dy qun .

C - Tnh ton thng s mch t
D - Tnh ton cc tham s ng c ch nh mc
E - Tnh ton tn tht ng c
F - V bn v tng lp rp
Trong thi gian lm n va qua , vi s c gng n lc ca bn thn cng
vi s gip v ch bo tn tnh ca cc thy c gio trong b mn Thit k my
in, c bit l s gip tn tnh ca thy gio hng dn Lng Thanh Bnh, em
hon thnh xong bn thit k ca mnh. Trong qu trnh thit k n, vi kin thc
cn hn ch nn bn n kh c th trnh khi cc khim khuyt. Em mong nhn
c s nhn xt,gp ca cc thy c gio bn thit k ca em c hon chnh
hn.
Em xin gi n thy gio hng dn Lng Thanh Bnh cng cc thy c gio
trong b mn Thit K My in lng bit n su sc nht.
Vinh, ngy 20 thng 11 nm 2010
Sinh vin

H Xun L

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KHOA: IN

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PHN MT: GII THIU CHUNG V NG C KHNG NG B

A PHN LOI, KT CU CA NG C KHNG NG B
I.phn loi:
- Theo kt cu ca v , my in khng ng b c th chia thnh cc kiu chnh sau :
kiu h , kiu bo v , kiu kn , kiu phng n,.
- Theo kt cu ca rto, my in khng ng b c chia lm hai loi : loi rto
kiu dy qun va loi rto kiu lng sc.
- Theo s pha trn dy qun stato c th chia lm cc loi : mt pha , hai pha v ba pha.
II. Kt cu:
1. Phn tnh hay stato:
- trn stato c v , li st , va dy qun.
a. V my:
v my c tc dng c dnh li st v dy qun khng lm dung mch dn t.
Thng v my lm bng gang . i vi v my c cng sut tng i ln ( 1000 kw)
thng dng thp hn li thnh v .Ty theo cch lm ngui my m dng v cng khc
nhau.
b. Li st:
Li thp l phn dn t . V t trng i qua li st l t trng quay nn gim
tn hao , li st c lm t nhng l thp in dy 0.5 mm p li. khi m ng knh
ngoi ca li st nh hon 990 mm th dng c tm trn p li .Khi ng knh ngoi ln
tr s trn th phi dng nhng tm hnh r qut gp li thnh khi trn .
Mi l thp k thut u c ph sn cch in trn b mt gim dng in
xoy gy nn. Nu li thp ngn th c th gp thnh mt khi. Nu li thp st di qu
th thng ghp thnh tng thip ngn, mi thip di t 6 n 8 cm , t cch nhau 1
cm thng gi cho tt . Mt trong ca l thp k thut c x rnh dt dy.
c.Dy qun:
Dy qun stato c t vo cc rnh ca li st v c cch in tt vi li st.
Kiu dy qun , hnh dng v cch b tr dy qun .

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2.Phn quay hay rto:

Phn ny c hai b phn chnh l li st v dy qun.
a.Li st:
Ni chung ngi ta dng cc l thp k thut in nh o stato .Li saets c p trc
tip ln trc my hoc ln mt gi no ca my.Pha ngoi ca l thp k thut c
x rnh t dy qun.
b.Rto v dy qun rto:
Rto c hai loi chnh :r to kiu dy qun v rto kiu lng sc
-R to kiu dy qun :r to c dy qun ging nh dy qun stato trong my in c
trung bnh tr ln thng dng dy qun kiu sng hai lp v bt c nhng dy u
ni, kt cu dy qun trn r to cht ch. Trong my in c nh thng dng dy
qun ng tm mt lp. Dy qun ba pha cua r to thng u hnh sao, cn ba u kia
c ni vo ba vnh trt thng lm bng ng dt c nh mt u trc v thng
qua chi than u vi mch in bn ngoi.c im ca ng c roto kiu dy qun l
c th thng qua chi than a in tr ph hay s... ph vo mch rt ci thin
tnh nng m my, iu chnh tc hoc ci thin h s cng sut ca my. Khi my
lm vic bnh thng dy qun roto c ni ngn mch.
-loi r to kiu lng sc : kt cu ca loi dy ny rt khc vi dy qun stato
B - NHNG VN D CHUNG KHI THIT K NG C
KHNG NG B RTO LNG SC
I. u dim:
- Kt cu n gin nn gi thnh r.
- Vn hnh d dng, bo qun thun tin.
- S dng rng ri v ph bin trong phm vi cng sut nh v va.
- Sn xut vi nhiu cp in p khc nhau (t 24 V n 10 kV) nn rt thch nghi cho
tng ngi s dng.
II. Nhc im:

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KHOA: IN

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- H s cng sut thp gy tn tht nhiu cng sut phn khng ca li in.
- Khng s dng c lc non ti hoc khng ti.
- Kh iu chnh tc .
- c tnh m my khng tt, dng m my ln (gp 6-7 ln dng nh mc).
- Momen m my nh.
III. Bin php khc phc:
- Hn ch vn hnh non ti.
- Ci thin c tnh m my bng cch iu chnh tc (bng cch thay i in p,
thm in tr ph vo mch rto hoc ni cp), hay dng rto c rnh su, rto lng sc
kp h dng khi ng, ng thi tng momen m my.
- Ch to rto c khe h tht nh hn ch dng in t ha v nng cao h s cng
sut.
IV. Nhn xt:
Mt d c nhiu khuyt im nhng ng c khng ng b rto lng sc c nhng u
im m nhng ng c khc khng c c v quan trng nht l n gin, d s
dng, gi thnh r. Thc t ng c khng ng b rto lng sc c p dng rng
ri, chim s lng 90%, v cng sut chim 55%.
V. Tiu chun sn sut ng c:
- Tiu chun v dy sn sut:
Chun ha dy cng sut ca ng c ph hp vi trnh sn xut ca tng nc.
Dy cng sut dc sp xp theo chiu tng dn.
- Tiu chun v kch thc lp t:
- cao tm trc h: lp c c ng b, th hin trnh sn xut, trang b my
cng c sn xut.
- Khong cch chn (gia cc l bc bulon).
VI. Phng php thit k:
- Thit k n chic: mt cp cng sut.

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KHOA: IN

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-Thit k dy: nhiu cng sut. Mt d cng mt c li st, nhng chiu di khc nhau
nn cng sut khc nhau.
VII. Ni dung thit k:
Thit k in t:
- Xc nh kch thc ch yu.
- Xc nh thng s cc phn t xh yu ca my.
Cc chi tit ny khng tham gia vo qu trnh bin i nng lng.
VIII. Cc tiu chun i vi ng c khng ng b rto lng sc:
1. Tiu chun v dy cng sut.
Hin nay cc nc sn xut ng c in khng ng b theo dy tiu chun. Dy
ng c in khng ng b cng sut t 0,55 kW n 90kW k hiu K theo tiu chun
Vit Nam 1987-1994:
Cng sut (kW): 0, 55/ 0, 75/ 1, 1/ 1, 5/ 2, 2/ 3/ 4/5, 5/ 7, 5/ 11/ 15/ 18, 5/ 22/ 30/
37/ 45/ 55/ 75/ 90
Dy cng sut c c trng bi s cp hay h s tng cng sut:

K HP 2 =

P2*n +1
P2*n

2. Tiu chun v kch thc lp t cao tm trc.

- cao tm trc: t tm ca trc n b my. y l mt i lng rt quan trng
trong vic lp ghp ng c vi nhng c cu thit b khc.
- Kch thc lp t: chiu cao tm trc c th c chn theo dy cng sut ca ng
c in khng ng b rto lng sc.
3. K hiu my.
V d: 3K 250 M4.
- 3K: ng c in khng ng b dy K thit k li ln 3.
- 250: chiu cao tm trc bng 250mm.

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KHOA: IN

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- M: kch thc lp c dc trc l M

- 4: my c 4 cc.
4. Cp bo v
Cp bo v c nh hng rt ln n kt cu ca my. Cp bo v c k hiu
bng ch IP v 2 ch s km theo, trong ch s th nht ch mc bo v chng
tip xc ca ngi v cc vt khc ri vo my. c chia lm 7 cp nh s t 0-6,
trong s 0 ch rng my khng c bo v (kiu h hon ton), cn s 6 ch rng
my c bo v hon ton khng cho ngi tip xc, vt v bi khng lt vo.
Ch s th hai ch mc bo v chng nc vo my gm 9 cp nh s t 0-8,
trong s 0 ch rng my khng c bo v, cn s 8 ch rng, my c th ngm
trong nc trong thi gian v nh hn.
5. S lm mt
K hiu l IC
V d:
IC01 lm mt kiu bo v, lm mt trc tip.
IC0141 lm mt kiu kn, lm mt mt ngoi.
6. Cp cch in
- Dy A02: cp E, B
- Dy 4A: cp E, F, H
Vt liu cch in:Vt liu cch in l mt trong nhng vt liu ch yu dng trong
ngnh ch to my in. Khi thit k my in, chn vt liu cch in l mt khu rt
quan trng v phi m bo my lm vic tt vi tui th nht nh, ng thi gi
thnh ca my li khng cao. Nhng iu kin ny ph thuc phn ln vo vic chn
cch in ca my.
Khi chn vt liu cch in cn ch n nhng vn sau:
- Vt liu cch din phi c bn cao, chu tc dng c hc tt, chu nhit v dn
nhit tt li t thm nc.

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SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

- Phi chn vt liu cch in c tnh cch in cao m bo thi gian lm vic ca
my t nht l 15-20 nm trong iu kin lm vic bnh thng, ng thi m bo gi
thnh ca my khng cao.
- Mt trong nhng yu t c bn nht l lm gim tui th ca vt liu cch in
(cng l tui th ca my) l nhit . Nu nhit vt qu nhit cho php th
cht in mi, bn c hc ca vt liu gim i nhiu, dn n s gi ha nhanh
chng cht cch in.
Hin nay, theo nhit cho php ca vt liu (nhit m vt liu cch in lm vic
tt trong 15-20 nm iu kin lm vic bnh thng). Hi k thut in qut t IEC
chia vt liu cch in thnh cc cp sau y:
Cp cch in
Y
A
E
B
F
H
Nhit cho php(C)
90
105
120
130
155
180
gia tng nhit(C)
75
75
75
115
115
Vt liu cch in thuc cc cp cch in trn i th c cc loi sau:

C
>180

- Cp Y: Gm c si bng, t, si nhn to, giy v ch phm ca giy, cactng, g v.

v Tt c du khng tm sn cch in. Hin nay khng dng cch ny v
chu nhit km.
- Cp A: Vt liu cch in ch yu ca cp ny cng ging nh cp Y nhng c tm
sn cch in. Cp A c dng rng ri cho cc my in cng sut n 100 kW,
nhng chu m km, s dng vng nhit i khng tt.
- Cp E: Dng cc mng mng v si bng polyetylen tereftalat, cc si tm sn tng
hp lm t epoxy, trealat v aceton buterat xenlulo, cc mng sn cch in gc v c
trng ngoi dy dn (dy emay c bn c cao). Cp E c dng rng ri cho cc
my in c cng sut nh v trung bnh (n 100 kW hoc hn na), chu m tt nn
thch hp cho vng nhit i.
- Cp B: Dng vt liu ly t v c nh mica, aming, si thy tinh, du sn cch in
chiu nhit cao. Cp B c s dng nhiu trong cc my cng sut trung bnh v
ln.

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KHOA: IN

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- Cp F: Vt liu cng tng t nh cp B nhng c tm sn cch in gc silicat chu

nhit cao. cp F khng dng cc cht hu c nh vi la, giy v cactong.
- Cp H: Vt liu ch yu cp ny l si thy tinh, mica, aming nh cp F. Cc
cht ny c tm sn cch in gc silicat chu nhit n 180C. Ngi ta dng cp H
trong cc my in lm vic iu kin phc tp c nhit cao.
- Cp C: Dng cc cht nh si thy tinh, thch anh, s chu nhit cao. Cp C c
dng cc my lm vic vi iu kin c bit c nhit cao.
Vic chn vt liu cch in trong cc my in c mt ngha quyt nh n tui
th v tin cy lc vn hnh ca my. Do vt liu cch in c nhiu chng loi, k
thut ch to cch in ngy cng pht trin, nn vic chn kt cu cch in cng kh
khn v thng phi chn tng hp nhiu loi cch in tha mn c nhng yu
cu v cch in.
Vt liu cch in trong ngnh ch to my in thng do nhiu vt liu hp li nh
mica phin, cht ph gia (giy hay si thy tinh) v cht kt dnh (sn hay keo dn).
i vi vt liu cch in, khng nhng yu cu c bn c cao, ch to d m cn
c yu cu v tnh nng in: c cch in cao, r in t. Ngoi ra cn c yu cu
v tnh nng nhit: chu nhit tt, dn nhit tt v yu cu chu m tt.
Vt liu cch in dng trong mt my in hp thnh mt h thng cch in. Vic t
hp cc vt liu cch in, vic dng sn hay keo gn chc chng li, nh hng
gia cc cht cch in vi nhau, cch gia cng v tnh trng b mt vt liu v. v s
quyt nh tnh nng v c, in, nhit ca h thng cch in, v tnh nng ca h
thng cch in ny khng th hin mt cch n gin l tng hp tnh nng ca tng
loi vt liu cch in.

7. Cc tiu chun khc

Cn quan tm n cos, ,
(

I min M min M max

,
,
I m M m M m

I min
) 15% (so vi tiu chun).
I m

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

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SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Sai lch cho php:

(cos)
(

1 cos cp
6

*(P2 50 kW) 0,02333.

M max
) -10% (so vi tiu chun).
M m

-0, 15. (1- cp) *( P2 50 kW) 0, 01875.

(

M min
) -20% (so vi tiu chun).
M m

8. Ch lm vic
Gm c cc ch lm vic sau:
- Ch lm vic lin tc.
- Ch lm vic ngn hn.
- Ch lm vic ngn hn lp li.
IX-Cc thng s ban u:
- Cng sut nh mc: Pm = 15 kW
- in p nh mc: Um = 380/220V
- Tn s nh mc: fm = 50Hz
- Cch u dy: Y/
- Tc ng b: n1 = 1000 vng/pht
- Kiu my: My kiu kn
- Cp bo v: IP44
- Cp cch in: Cch in cp B
- Ch lm vic: Lin tc
- Kt cu rto: Rto lng sc
- Chiu cao tm trc: Tra bng-10. 1(Tr.601_TKM)chiu cao tm trc theo dy cng
sut ca ng c in KB rto lng sc 4A (Nga) kiu IP44 cp cch in B l h =
180 mm

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SVTH: H Xun L
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KHOA: IN

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- Hiu sut v h s cng sut:

Tra Bng-10.10(Tr228_TKM) hiu sut v cos dy ng c in KB 3K ng vi
cng sut Pm=15 kW v tc nb=1000 vng/pht ta c hiu sut: = 87,5% v h s
cng sut: Cos = 0,87
- Bi s momen cc i: Tra bng-10.10(Tr.268_TKM) bi s momen cc i mmax
ca dy ng c 3K ta c:
mmax =

M max
= 2,0
M m

- Bi s momen khi ng:

Theo bng-10.11(Tr.271_TKM) bi s momen khi ng dy ng c in 3K ta
chn:
mk =

Mk
= 1,2
M m

-Bi s dng khi ng: Tra bng-10.12(Tr.271_TKM) bi s dng khi ng dy

ng c in 3K ta c:

ik= Imax/I m = 6,5

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KHOA: IN

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PHN II: THIT K V TNH TON NG C KHNG NG B

ROTOR LNG SC
A - TNH TON KCH THC C BN CA NG C
1.S i cc:
P=

60 f
60.50
=3
=
ndm
1000

2. ng knh ngoi stato

Da vo mi quan h chiu cao tm trc h theo cng sut va s i cc
Bng-10.1 (Tr.601 TKM) ta chn chiu cao tm trc h = 180 mm = 18 cm.
Theo bng 10.3(T230 TKM) ta c ng knh ngoi stator.
Dn = 31,3 cm
3. ng knh trong stator
Tra theo bng 10.2 (trang 230 TKM) tr s ca kD, ph thuc vo s i cc, ta chn:
kD = 0,7 0,72
D = kD*Dn = (0,7 0,72)*31,3= 21,91 22,54cm
chn D = 22
Trong : kD l t s gia ng knh trong v ng knh ngoi ca stator
4. Cng sut tnh ton:
P =

0,968*15
kE * P
=
= 19,07 (kw)
0,875*0,87
* cos

Trong kE = 0,968. Hnh 10-2 (trang 231 TKM).

kE l t s sc in ng sinh ra trong my v in p t vo.
5. Chiu di tnh ton ca li st stato:
Theo hnh 10-3a (trang 233 TKM),
chn A = 325A/cm; B = 0,785 T
,

6.1*107 *19, 07
6,1 * 10 7 * P '
l=
=
= 14,41cm
2
* k s * k d * A * B * D 2 * n1 0, 64*1,11*0,92*325*0, 785* 22 *1000

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KHOA: IN

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Ly l = 14,4
Trong :

= 2 = 0,64 : h s tnh ton cung cc t.

ks= 2 2 =1,11 : h s sng
kd=0,92 : h s dy qun
A: ti ng
B: cm ng t trong khe h khng kh.
Do li st ngn nn lm thnh mt khi. Chiu di li st stator, rtor l:
l1 = l2 = l = 14,4 cm
6.Bc cc:
=

* D * 22
=
= 11,52 cm
2* p
2*3

7. Lp phng n so snh:
H s hnh dng :
=

5,5
l
=
= 0,75
7,46

Trong dy ng c khng ng b 3K cng sut 15 kW, 2p = 6 c cng ng knh

ngoi (ngha l cng chiu cao tm trc h) vi my cng sut

P= KW.

8. Dng in pha nh mc:

I1 =

P *10 3
15*103
=
= 29,9 A
3 *U 1 * * cos
3* 220*0,875*0,87

Trong : U 1 =220V : in p t vo stator

P =15 kW: cng sut nh mc

= 0,875 : hiu sut

cos =0,87 :h s cng sut

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KHOA: IN

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B - DY QUN, RNH STATO V KHE H KHNG KH

Chn dng rnh stato.
Stato my in nh c th dng cc rnh c dng hnh qu l, na qu l hoc hnh
thang, vi cc dng rnh ny chiu rng rng s u sut c chiu cao rnh. Rnh hnh
qu l c khun dp n gin nht, t tr y rnh so vi hai dng rnh kia nh hn
v vy gim c sc t ng cn thit trn rng.
Rnh hnh na qu l c din tch ln hn dng rnh hnh qu l.
Din tch rnh hnh thang ln nht nhng cng ngh km hn dng rnh na qu l.
Nu khng t vn gim gi thnh khung dp, c th cn c vo din tch rnh v
tr s sc t ng tnh ton, so snh gia ba dng rnh sau chn phng n tt
nht. i vi ti ny chn dng rnh hnh qu l.
9.S rnh stato Z1
Vi my cng sut nh thng ly q1=2. My tc cao, cng sut ln c th
chn q1=6. Thng ly q1=3-4
Khi q1 tng th Z1 tng dn n din tch rnh tng lm cho h s li dng rnh gim,
rng s yu v mnh, qu trnh lm li staro tn hn.
Khi q1 gim th Z1 gim, dy qun phn b khng u trn b mt li thp nn sc t
ng c nhiu sng bc cao.
Tr s q1 nguyn c th ci thin c t tnh lm vic v gim ting n ca my.
Ly q1 = 2 .Khi :
Z1 = 2*m*p*q1 = 2*3*3*2= 36 rnh
Trong : m =3 l s pha.
10. Bc rnh stato.
t1 =

* D * 22
=
= 1,92 cm
Z1
36

11. S thanh dn tc dng ca mt rnh ur1

Chn s mch nhnh song song : a1= 2

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

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SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

ur1 =

N MY IN

A * t1 * a1
325*1,92* 2
=
I1
29,9

= 41,7

Chn: ur1 = 42 thanh dn.

12. S vng dy ni tip ca mt pha
w1 = p*q1*

u r1
42
= 3*2*
= 126vng
a1
2

Kim tra li ph ti ng A
2 * m * w1 * I 1 2*3*126* 29,9
=
=327 A cm.mm 2
3,14* 22
*D

A=

Ta thy : Ti ng A khng ln hay nh hn 10% so vi gi tr chn ban u

nn c th s dng s liu ny tnh ton.
13. Tit din v ng knh dy dn
-Tit din dy:
s1 =

I1
a1n1 j1'

Theo hnh 10-4a (trang 237 TKM) chn tch s:

2
A*J = 1890 A

cm * mm 2

Mt dng in:
J1 =

A* J
1890
=
= 5,82 A mm 2
A
325

Tit din dy (tnh s b):

S1 =

I1
29,9
=
= 1,29 mm2
a1 * n1 * J '1
2* 2*5,82

Trong : n1 = 2 l s si chp song song

I 1 = 29,9
a1 = 2 l s mch nhnh song song

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 16 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Theo Ph lc VI, bng VI. 1 (trang 618 TKM) chn dy ng trng men PET-155 c
ng knh d/dc =

1,12

1, 20 mm

Khi : s = 0,985 mm2

14. Kiu dy qun
Dy qun stato t vo rnh ca li thp stato v c cch in vi li thp. Dy
qun c nhim v cm ng c sc in ng nht nh, ng thi cng tham gia vo
vic ch to t trng cn thit cho s bin i nng lng in c trong my.
Cc yu cu ca dy qun :
- i vi dy qun in tr v in khng ca cc pha bng nhau v ca mch nhnh
song song cng bng nhau.
- Dy qun c thc hin sao cho c th u thnh mch nhnh song song mt cch
d dng. Dy qun c ch to v thit k sao cho tit kim c lng ng, d
ch to, sa cha, kt cu chc chn, chu c ng lc khi my b ngn mch t
ngt.
Vic chn dy qun stato phi tha mn tnh kinh t v k thut:
- Tnh kinh t: tit kim vt liu, vt liu cch in, thi gian lng dy.
- Tnh k thut: d thi cng hn ch nhng nh hng xu n c tnh ca ng c.
T yu cu trn ta chn dy qun mt lp ng khun bi dy bc ngn. Tc dng l
lm gim lng ng s dng, kh sng bc cao, gim t trng tn phn bi
dy v trong rnh stato, lm tng cos, v ci thin c tnh m my ca ng c, gim
ting n in t lc ng c vn hnh. Cc h qu xu tn ti trong ng c khi sng
bc cao khng b kh:
- Tnh nng m my xu do cc trng trn c tuyn mmen (do sng bc 5 v 7 gy
ra) lm cho ng c khng t n tc nh mc.
-

Nu s rng ca stato v rto khng ph hp ng c gy ra ting n khi vn hnh,

c khi rto b ht lch tm (do lc ht in t to nn).

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 17 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Sng bc cao gy tn hao nhit trong li thp do tc dng ca dng phuc.Thc ra vic
chn bc ngn thch hp khng c tc dng kh hon ton sng bc cao m ch c tc
dng gim nh chng xung n mt gi tr c th chp nhn c. Trong thit k,
bc bi dy c tc dng kh sng bc 5 v 7, cch u dy hnh sao c tc dng kh
sng bc 3. Tiu chun xt s tn hao sng bc cao 5% xem nh sng bc cao khng
ng k, t 5 - 10% chp nhn c, > 10% c tn ti sng bc cao. Sng bc cao
khng b kh khng cho php kh thi.
kh trit hon ton sng bc 3 ta dng h s =

2
, sng bc 5 ta dng h s =
3

4
6
, sng bc 7 ta dng h s = . Tuy nhin ta khng kh trit hon ton sng bc
5
7
cao no c m chn bc bi dy lm nh cc sng bc cao 3, 5, 7 cng mt lc.
Chn dy qun hai lp bc ngn vi y = 5

Ta c:

Bc cc t

1=

2p

y
5
1 = 6 = 0,83
=

36
=6
6

15. H s dy qun
H s bc ngn ky:
ky = sin

*
0,83*
= sin
= 0,966
2
2

H s bc ri kr:
q *
2*30
sin
2
2 = 0,966
kr =
=
30

2*sin
q * sin
2
2
sin

vi =

p * 360 3*360
=
= 30
Z1
36

H s dy qun kd:

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 18 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

kd = ky*kr = 0,966*0,966 = 0,93

16. T thng khe h khng kh

=

k E *U1
0,968* 220
=
= 8,3* 10 3 Wb
4 * k s * k d * f * w1
4*1,11*0,92*50*126

17. Mt t thng khe h khng kh B

*10 4
8,3*103 *104
B =
=
= 0,782 T
* * l1
0, 64*11,52*14, 4
Ta thy sai s mt t thng khe h khng kh so vi gi tr ban u nh
hn 10% nn ta khng cn chn li.
18. S b nh chiu rng ca rng bz1
bz1 =

B * l1 * t1
0, 785*14, 4*1,92
=
= 0,907 cm
B z1 * l1 * k c
1, 75*14, 4*0,95

Chn bz1 = 0,9 cm

Trong : Chn Bz1 = 1,75 T theo bng 10-5b, trang 241 TKM
Bz1

l mt t thng trn rng c cnh song song

kc = 0,95 : H s p cht li st (Bng 2-2, trang 23 TKM).

19. S b chiu cao ca gng stato hg1

*10 4
8,3*103 *104
=
= 2, 09cm
hg1 =
2 * B g1 * l1 * k c
2*1, 45*14, 4*0,95
y ly Bg1 = 1,45T (theo Bng 10.5 Tr.240_TKM )
d2

20. Kch thc rnh v cch in

h12

Chn kch thc ming rnh nh sau :

Chiu cao ming rnh

hr1

d1

h41 = 0,5 0,8 mm

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 19 -

41
SVTH: H Xun
L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

chn h41 = 0,5 mm

Chiu rng ming rnh : b41 = dc + ( 1,1 1,5) mm
Trong : d cd = 1,20mm - l ng knh dy dn
k c cch in ca dy qun stator
b41 = 1, 3+1,3 =2,3 mm = 2,6mm
Ly b41 = 3,0mm
ng knh d1 c tnh theo cng thc:
d2 =

Dn 2 hg1 d 2
Z1

= d 2 + bz1

31,3 2 2, 09 d 2
= d 2 + 0,907
36

d2 = 1,34cm = 13,4(mm)
Trong :

D n = 31,3cm ng knh trong stato

hg1 = 2,09cm
bz1 = 0,907cm chiu rng rng

ng knh d1 c tnh theo cng thc:

( D + 2.h41 + d1 )
= d1 + bz1
Z1
(22 + 2*0, 05d1 )

= d1 + 0,907
36
d1 =

d1 = 1,12cm= 11,2(mm)
Chiu cao rnh Stato c tnh theo cng thc
hr1 =

Dn D 2.h 'g1
2

31,3 22 2* 2, 09
= 2,56(cm) = 25,6mm
2

Chn hr1 = 25,6 (mm)

Khi chiu cao h12 l:
h12 = hr1 0,5 (2h41 + d1 + d2)

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 20 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

= 2,56 0,5 (2 0,05 + 1,12 + 1,34) = 1,28cm = 12,8(mm)

Theo bng VIII.1 (T629_TKM) ta c chiu dy cch in rnh l:
+ Chiu dy cch in rnh: C = 0,4 (mm)
+ Chiu dy cch in ca tm lt: C = 0,5 (mm)
-Din tch rnh tr nm:

(d1 2 + d 2 2 ) d1 + d 2
d
+
(h12 1 )
8
2
2
Sr =
'

11, 2
(11, 22 + 13, 4 2 ) 11, 2 + 13, 4
(12,8
) = 208(mm2)
+
2
2
8

Din tch lp cch in rnh:

Sc =(
=(

* d2
d
'
+2*h 12 +d 1 +d2)*c + 1 c
2
2

*13, 4
* 4,5
+ 2*12,8)*0, 4 +
*0,5
2
2

= 37 mm2
Din tch c ch ca rnh:
Sr = Sr Sc = 208 - 37 = 171 mm2
H s lp y rnh:
u r1 .n1 d cd2
42* 2*1, 22
kd =
=
= 0,71
sr
171
Ta thy h s lp y rnh nm trong khong tt nht (0,70,75) nn cng khng cn
tnh li.
21. B rng rng stator bz1
bz1 =
=

* ( D + 2 * h41 + d1 )
Z1

d1

*(22 + 2*0, 05 + 1,12)

- 11,2 = 0,427 cm
36

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 21 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

bz1=
=
bz1 =

N MY IN

* ( D + 2 * (h41 + h12 ))
d2
Z1
*(22 + 2*(0, 05 + 1, 28))
- 1,34 = 0,811cm
36
bz1 "+bz1 ' 0,906 + 0,811
=
= 0,858 cm
2
2

22. Chiu cao gng stato

hg1 =

1
31,3 22
1
Dn D
- hr1 + *d2 =
- 2,56 + *13,4 = 2,31 cm
6
2
6
2

23. Khe h khng kh

=

9
D
220
9
*(1+
)=
*(1+
) = 0,458 mm
2p
1200
1200
2*3

Theo nhng my ch to bng 10-8 (trang 253 TKM ta chn :

= 0,45 mm =0,045cm
C - DY QUN, RNH V GNG RTO
24. S rnh rto Z2
Vic chn s rnh rto lng sc Z2 l mt vn quan trng v khe h khng kh ca
my nh, khi m my momen ph do t thng sng bc cao gy nn nh hng n qu
trnh m my v nh hng c n c tnh lm vic.
loi tr momen ph ng b khi m my, cn chn:
Z2 Z1

Z2 0,5*Z1

Z2 2*Z1

Z2 6*p*g

vi g=1,2,3

trnh momen ng b khi quay ,ta chn:

Z2 6*p 2*p*g

Z2 Z1 2*p

Z2 2*Z1 2*p

Z2 0,5 p

Z2 Z1 p
trnh lc hng tm do momen khng ng b sinh ra trong khi quay ,cn chn:

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 22 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Z 2 Z1 0,1,2
Z 2 Z1 p,p+1
Z 2 Z1 2*p,2*p 1,2*p 2
Z 2 Z1 2*p
Da vo cc iu kin trn v bng 10-6 trang 246 TKM
Chn Z2= 28 rnh
25. ng knh ngoi rto D
D = D- 2 = 22 2*0,045 = 21,9 cm
26. Bc rng rto t2
t2 =

* D'
* 21,9
=
= 2,457 cm
Z2
28

27. S b nh chiu rng ca rng rto bz2

brz2 =

B * l 2 * t 2
0,87 * 2, 457
=
= 1,16 cm
Bz 2 * l2 * k c
1, 75*0,95

y ly Bz2 = 1,75 T. Theo bng 10-5b trang 241_TKM

28. ng knh trc rto Dt

Dt = 0,3*D = 0,3*22= 6,6 cm = 66 mm
Ly Dt = 7 cm
29. Dng in trong thanh dn rto Itd
Itd = I2 = KI*I1*

6 * W1 * K d 1
6*126*0,925
= 0,9* 29,9*
= 672 A
Z2
28

Trong KI = 0,9 ly theo hnh 10-5 trang 244_TKM

30. Dng in trong vng ngn mch Iv

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 23 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

1
1
Iv = Itd* 2 * sin * p = 672*
180o *3 = 1017 A
2*sin
Z2
28
31. Tit din thanh dn vng nhm Std
Std =

I td
672
=
= 224 mm2
J2
3

J 2 nm trong khong 0,25 0,35

Chn J2= 3 A/mm2
32. S b chn mt dng in trong vng ngn mch Sv = 2,4 A/mm2
Tit din vng ngn mch Sv:
Sv =

I v 1017
=
= 406,8 mm2
Jv
2,5

Ly Sv = 407 mm2
J v < 2030% J 2
33. Kch thc rnh rto v vng ngn mch
Ly h 42

b42

h42

= 0,5 mm
ly b 42 = 1,5mm

b 42 = 11,5mm
d1 = d2 = 6,8mm

d1

hr2 = 32mm

a b = 34mm 23mm

hr2

h 12

ta c :
h12 = hr2

d1 d 2
6,8 6,8
- h41 = 32 - 0,5
2 2
2
2

d1

= 24,7 mm
Chiu cao vnh ngn mch hv
Chiu cao vnh ngn mch thng ly cao hn chiu cao rnh Rto
hv = 1,1*hr2 = 1,1*3,2= 3,84 cm = 38,4 mm
ng knh trung bnh vnh ngn mch Dv

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 24 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Dv = D (a+1) = 220 - (34 + 1) = 185 mm

34. Din tch rnh rto Sr2
Sr2 =

*d + h12*d = *6,82 + 24,7*6,8 = 204,2 mm2

4
4

35. Din tch vnh ngn mch:

a b = 34 23 = 782mm2
36. B rng rng rto 1/3 chiu cao rng
4
*( D ' 2h 42 *( h12 + d ))
1
3
Z2
bz2 3 =
-d
4
*(21,9 2*0, 05 *(2, 47 + 0, 68))
=
- 0,68 = 1,91 cm
3
28
37. Chiu cao gng rto hg2
hg2 =

1
21,9 7
1
D' Dt
- hr2 + *d2 =
-3,2 + *0,68 = 4,36 cm
6
2
6
2

38. Lm nghin rnh rto bn

nghin bng mt bc rnh stato
bn = t1 = 1,92 cm
D - TNH TON MCH T
39.H s khe h khng kh
k1 =

t1
1,92
=
= 1,014
t1 1 *
1,92 0, 609*0, 045

Trong :
(b41 / ) 2
(1, 2 / 0, 45) 2
1 =
=
= 0,609
5 + b41 /
5 + 1, 2 / 0, 45
k2 =

t2
2, 457
=
= 1,024
t 2 2 *
2, 457 1,33*0, 045

Trong :

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 25 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

(b42 / ) 2
(1,5 / 0, 45) 2
2 =
=
= 1,33
5 + b42 /
5 + 1,5 / 0, 45
k = k1* k2 = 1,014*1,024 = 1,038
T thng chnh sau khi i qua khe h khng kh th phn thnh hai mch song song i vo
rngv rnh ca phn ng, nhng t dn ca thp ln hn khng kh nhiu nn i b
phn t thng i vo rng.
40. Dng thp k thut in cn ngui 2211
41. Sc t ng khe h khng kh F
F = 1,6*B*k**104 = 1,6*0,785*1,038*0,045*104 = 587A
42. Mt t thng rng stator Bz1
Bz1 =

B * l1 * t1
0, 785*1,92
=
= 1,749 T
bz1 * l1 * k c
0,907 *0,95

43. Cng t trng trn rng stato

Theo bng V-6 (Ph lc V, trang 608_TKM). ng cong t ha trn rng ng c
KB thp 2211, ta chn:
Hz1 = 21,4 A/cm
44. Sc t ng trn rng stato
Fz1 = 2*hz1*Hz1 = 2*2,1*21,4 = 90 A
Trong hz1 = hr1-

13, 4
d2
= 25,6 = 21 mm
3
3

45. Mt t thmg rng rto Bz2

Bz2 =

B *l 2 *t 2
0, 785* 2, 457
=
= 1,75 T
bz 2 * l 2 * k c
1,16*0,95

46. Cng t trng trn rng rto:

- Theo bngV-6 (Ph lc V, trang 608 TKM), ta c:
Hz2 = 22,2 A/vm
47. Sc t ng trn rng rto Fz2

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 26 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Fz2 = 2*hz2*Hz2 = 2*2,97*22,2 = 132 A

Trong : hz2 = hr2-

d
0, 68
= 3,2= 2,97 cm
3
3

48. H s bo ha rng kz
kz =

F + F z1+ Fz 2
587 + 90 + 132
=
= 1,37
F
452

Theo TKM trang 114, ta c:

H s kz nm trong khong thit k hp l kz thuc khong 1,21,5.
49. Mt t thng trn gng stator Bg1

* 10 4
0, 0083*104
Bg1 =
=
= 1,31T
2 * hg1 * l1 * k c
2* 2,31*14, 4*0,95
50. Cng t trng gng stator Hg1
Theo bng V-9 (Ph lc V, trang 611 TKM), ta chn
Hg1 = 4,98A/cm
51. Chiu di mch t gng stator Lg1
Lg1 =

* ( Dn h g 1 )
2* p

*(31,3 2,31)
= 15,18 cm
2*3

52. Sc t ng gng stator Fg1

Fg1 = Lg1*Hg1 = 15,18*4,98 = 76 A
53. Mt t thng trn gng rto Bg2

* 10 4
0, 0083*104
Bg2 =
=
= 0,70T
2 * hg 2 * l 2 * k c
2* 4,36*14, 4*0,95
54. Cng t trng gng rto Hg2:
theo Bng V-9 (Ph lc V, trang 608 TKM), ta chn
Hg2 = 1,59 A/cm
55. Chiu di mch t gng rto Lg2

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 27 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

Lg2 =

N MY IN

* ( Dt + hg 2 )
2* p

*(7 + 4,36)
= 5,95 cm
2*3

56. Sc t ng gng rto Fg2

Fg2 = Lg2*Hg2 = 5,95*1,59 = 9,5 A
57. Tng sc t ng ca mch t F
F = F+Fz1+Fz2+Fg1+Fg2 = 587+90+132+76+9,5 = 895 A
58. H s bo ha ton mch k
F
895
=
= 1,52
F
587

k =

59. Dng in t ha I
I =

p*F
3*895
=
= 8,5 A
2,7 * w1 * k d 1
2, 7 *126*0,93

Dng in t ha phn trm:

I% =

I
I m

8,5
*100% = 28,5 %
29,9

E - THAM S NG C IN CH NH MC
60. Chiu di phn u ni ca dy qun stator L1
l1= K1*y+2*B=1,6*10,7 + 2*1 = 19,12 cm
Trong :
y =

* ( D + hr1 ) * y *(22 + 2,56)*5

=
= 10,7
Z1
31

K1=1,6 tra bng 3.4 (trang 69_TKM) cc h s K1 v Kf1

B=1 cm
61. Chiu di trung bnh na vng ca dy qun stator ltb
ltb=l1+l1=14,4+19,12= 33,52 cm
62. Chiu di dy qun mt pha ca stator L1
L1 = 2*ltb*w1*10-2 = 2*33,52*126*10-2 = 84,5 m

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 28 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

63. in tr tc dng ca dy qun stator r1

r1 = 75*

L1
84,5
1
= *
= 0,355
n1 * a1 * s1 46 2* 2*1, 29

Trong :
75 =

1
mm2/m : in tr sut ca dy qun 75C
46

(theo bng 5.1 trang 117_TKM)

Tnh ton theo n v tng i:
r1* = r1*

1
29,9
= 1,237*
= 0,0482
u1
220

64. in tr tc dng ca dy qun rto rtd

l 2 *10 2
rtd = Al *
Sr2

1 14, 4*102
*
= 3,066*10-5
23
204, 2

65. in tr vng ngn mch rv

rv = Al *

* Dv *10 2
1 *18,5*102
=
*
= 2,217*10-6
Z 2 * Sv
23
28* 407

66. in tr rto r2
2* 2, 217 *106
2 * rv
-5

r2= rtd + 2 = 3,066 10 +

= 4,083*10-5
2
0, 66

Trong :
= 2*Sin

*p
*3
= 2*Sin
= 0,66
Z2
28

67. H s quy i
4 * m * ( w1 * k d 1 ) 2
4*3*(126*0,92) 2
=
=
= 5759
Z2
28
68. in tr rto quy i
r2= *r 2 =5759*4,083*10-5 = 0,2351

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 29 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Tnh theo n v tng i:

r2*=r2*

I1
29,9
= 0,2351*
=0,032
U1
220

69. H s t dn tn rnh stator r1

H s t dn tn rnh r1 ph thuc vo kch thc, hnh dng v kiu dy qun:
r1=

h41
h1
b
h
*k+(0,785- 41 + 2 +
)*k
3b
2 * b b b41

22,96
3
4,3 0,5

*0,9025+(0,785+
)*0,87 = 0,994
3*11, 2
2*11, 2 11, 2 3

Trong :
=0,83
k=
k=

1 + 3 * 1 + 3*0,83
=
=0,87
4
4

1 + 3 * k '
4

1 + 3*0,87
=0,9025
4

h1= hrs- 0,1*d2-2*c-c= 25,6 - 0,1*13,4 - 2*0,4 - 0,5 = 22,96 mm

ly hrs = hr1 = 25,6mm
h2= -(

13, 4
d1
-2*c-c) = - (
-2*0,4 - 0,5)= - 4,3 mm
2
2

b= d1=11,2 mm

h41=0,5mm

b41= 3mm

70. H s t dn tn tp stator
0,9 * t1 * (q1 * k d 1 ) 2 * t1 * k 41 * 1
t1=
k *
=

0,9*1,92*(2*0,92) 2 *1, 05*0,9656

= 3,42
1, 038*0, 045

Trong :
2

b41
0,32
k41=1-0,033*
=1-0,033*
= 0,9656
t1 *
1,92*0, 045

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 30 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

t1= 1,05 theo bng 5.3 trang 137_TKM

1=0,027 theo bng 5.2a trang 134_TKM
71. H s t tn phn u ni 1
q1
*(l1-0,64**)
l

1=0,34*

=0,34*

2
*(19,12 - 0,64*0,83*11,52) = 0,614
14, 4

72. H s t dn tn ca stator
1=r1+t1+1=0,994+3,42+0,614 = 4,978
73. in khng dy qun stator x1
x1=0,158*
=0,158*

l
f1
w
*( 1 )2*
* 1
p * q1
100 100
50 126 2 14, 4
*(
)*
*4,97 = 1,39
100 100
3* 2

Tnh theo n v tng i:

x1* = x1*

I1
29, 2
= 1,39*
= 0,184
U1
220

74. H s t dn tn rnh rto r2

h42
* b2
b
h1
r2= [ *(1)2 + 0,66 - 42 ]*k +
b42
8 * Sc
2*b
3b
=[

22,96
1,5
0,5
*6,82 2
*(1) + 0,66 ]*1+
= 1,82
3*6,8
2*6,8
1,5
8* 204, 2

Trong :
h1=22,96 mm
k=1

b = d2 = 6,8 mm

b42=1,5 mm

Sc=204,2 mm2

h42=0,5 mm

75. H s t dn tn tp rto

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 31 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

0,9 *t 2 *(q 2 * k 2 ) 2 * t 2 *k t 2 * 2
t2 =
k *
=

28 2
) *1*1*0, 0599
= 3,182
3* 2*3
1,33*0, 045

0,9* 2, 457 *(

Trong :
k2=1,33
t2=1

2=0,0356 theo bng 5-2c (Tr.136_TKM)

kt2=1

76. H s t dn tn phn u ni
2 =

2,3 * Dv
2,3*18,5
4, 7 *18,5
4,7 *D v
=
= 0,254
2 *lg
2 *lg
28*14, 4*0, 66
3, 2 + 2* 2,3
Z 2 *l 2 *
a + 2*b

77. H s t tn do rnh nghing

rn=0,5*t2*(

1,92 2
bn )2
=0,5*3,182*(
) =0,971
2
2, 457
t 2

78. H s t tn rto
2 = r2 + t2 +2 + rn=1,82 + 3,182+0,254+0,971 = 6,22
79. in khng tn dy qun rto
x2 = 7,9*f1*l2* 2*10-8 = 7,9*50*14,4*6,22*10-8 = 3,54*10-4
80. in khng rto quy i
x2 = *x2 = 5759*3,54*10-4 = 2,023
Tnh theo n v tng i:
x2* = x2*

I1
29,9
= 2,023*
= 0,274
U1
220

81. in khng h cm x12

x12 =

U 1 I *x1
I

220 8,5*1, 49
= 24,33
8,5

Tnh theo n v tng i:

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 32 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

x12* = x12*

N MY IN

I1
29,9
= 24,33*
= 3,306
U1
220

82. Tnh li kE
kE=

U 1 I *x1
U1

220 8,5*1, 49
= 0,942
220

Tr s ny khng sai khc so vi gi thit ban u kE = 0,968 nn khng cn tnh li

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 33 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

F - TN HAO THP V TN HAO C

ng c in khi lm vic sinh ra tn hao lm gim hiu sut my. Tn hao l d nhin
nn ngi ta lun tm cch gim tn hao xung thp nht nng cao hiu sut v tng
cng sut ra u trc.
Tn hao trong ng c in gm c:
- Tn hao st: Tn hao ny sinh ra trong li thp stato v rto. N ph thuc vo vt
liu dn t (m hiu thp, chiu di cch in) v mt t cm trong . Khi tnh ta
b ra tn hao trn rto v khi lm vic, tc quay rto gn bng tc quay t trng
nn tn hao ny khng ng k.
- Tn hao ng: Tn hao ny sinh ra trong dy qun stato v rto do hiu ng Jun-Lenz.
- Tn hao c: Do ma st ti cc , qut gi.
- Tn hao b mt: trn b mt stato v rto gia cng khng nhn lm khe h khng u
sinh ra tn hao b mt. N ph thuc vo cht lng gia cng.
- Tn hao p mch: n c sinh ra do hin tng p mch t thng t rng sang
phn rnh v ngc li, n ph thuc vo kch thc ming rnh, bc rng khe h
khng kh v. v
- Tn hao ph: l tn hao sinh ra trong v my v cc chi tit khc, tn hao p mch
phn u ni v. v
Tn hao ln lm my mt cng sut ng thi cng lm tng nhit ca ng c.
83. Trng lng rng stato:
GZ1 = Fe*Z1*bZ1*hZ1*l1*kc*10-3
= 7,8*36*0,907*2,1*14,4*0,95*10-3 = 7,3 kg
Trong :
Fe = 7,8 kg/dm3 t trng ca st
kc = 0,95 h s p cht
Z1 = 36 s rnh stato
l1 = 14,4 cm chiu di li thp stato
hZ1 = 2,1 cm chiu cao rng stato

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 34 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

bZ1 = 0,907 chiu rng rng stato

84. Trng lng gng t stato
Gg1 = Fe*l1*Lg1*hg1*2*p*kc*10-3
= 7,8*14,4*15,18*2,31*2*3*0,95*10-3= 22,44 kg
85. Tn hao st trong li st stato
- Trong rng:
PFeZ1 = kgc*PFeZ *B2Z1*GZ1*10-3
= 1,8*2,5*1,7492*6,92*10-3
= 0,095 kW
Trong :
kgc = 1,8 i vi my in khng ng b
PFeZ = 2,5 sut tn hao thp tn s t ha f = 50Hz
- Trong gng:
2

PFeg1 = kgcg*PFeg1*B g1 *Gg1*10-3 = 1,6*2,5*1,31 2 *22,45*10-3 = 0,154 kW

kgcg = 1,6 i vi my khng ng b
- Trong c li st stato:
PFe = PFeZ1+ PFeg1 = 0,095 + 0,154 = 0,249 kW
86. Tn hao b mt trn rng rto
Khi my in quay, i din vi rng roto ca my khng ng b ln lt xut hin
s dao ng ca mt t thng, bin dao ng ca t thng cng ln th khe h
khng kh cng nh v ming rnh cng to. Tn s dao ng ph thuc vo s rng v
tc quay .
V tn s dao ng cao nn cc dng in xoy cm ng trong thp iu tp trung ln
lp mng trn b mt li thp, v vy tn hao gy nn bi cc dng in xoy ny c
gi l tn hao b mt.
my in khng ng b, tn hao b mt ln v khe h khng kh nh. Tn hao ch
yu p trung trn b mt roto cn trn b mt stato t hn do ming rnh roto b

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 35 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Pbm = 2*p**

= 2*3*11,52*

t 2 b42
*l 2 *pbm*10-7
t2

2, 457 0,15
*14,4*150*10-7 = 0,014 kW
2, 457

Trong :
pbm = 0,5*k0*(Z1*n1*10-4) 1,5 *(10*B0*t1)2
= 0,5*1,9*(36*1000*10-4)1,5*(10*0,251*1,92)2 = 150 kW
Vi k0 = 1,9 l h s kinh nghim: i vi stato (k0=1,4 1,8)
i vi rto (k0=1,7 2)
B0 = 0*k*B = 0,39*1,038*0,782 = 0,251 T
0 = 0,31 khi

2, 62
b41
=
= 5,822 (tra Hnh 6-1, trang 141_TKM)
0, 45

87. Tn hao p mch trn rng rto

Pm = 0,11*(
= 0,11*(

Z 1 * n1
* 10 * Bm )2*GZ2*10-3
10000
36*1000
*10*0, 0097 )2*10,3*10-3= 0,00014 kW
10000

Trong :
Bm =

1 *
0, 609*0, 045
* BZ 2 =
*1, 75 = 0,0097
2 * t2
2* 2, 457

Vi GZ2 = Fe*Z2*hZ2*bZ2*l2*kc*10-3
= 7,8*28*2,97*1,16*14,4*0,95*10-3 = 10,3 kg
88. Tng tn hao thp
PFe = PFe+Pbm+Pm = 0,249+0,014+0,00014 = 0,263 kW
89. Tn hao c
Pc = Kc*(

n 2 Dn 4
1000 2 31,3 4
) *(
) *10-3 = 1*(
) *(
) *10-3 = 0,096 kW
10
10
1000
1000

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 36 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

90. Tn hao khng ti

Po = PFe + Pc = 0,263 + 0,096 = 0,359 kW
G - C TNH LM VIC
r1 = 0,355

; x1 = 1,39

r2 = 4,083*10-5

; x2 = 3,54*10-4

; x12 = 24,33

- H s C1
C1 = 1+

x1
1, 49
2
= 1+
= 1,061 ; C 1 = 1,125
x12
24,33

- Thnh phn phn khng ca dng in ch ng b

Ibx = I = 8,5 A
- Thnh phn tc dng ca dng in ch ng b
2

Ibr =

PFe * 10 3 * I * r1
3 *U1

263 + 3*8.52 *0,355

= 0,515 A
3* 220

- Sc in ng E1
E1 = U - I*x1 = 220 - 8,2*1,35 = 209V
kI =

6 * w1 * k d 1
6*126*0,93
=
= 25,11
Z2
28

I2 =

I2
674
=
= 25,8 A
kI
26,11

- H s trt nh mc
sm =

I ' 2 *r2 '

E1

25, 7 *0, 2351

= 0,019
209

- H s trt ti momen cc i
r2 '

0, 2351
sm = x1
= 1, 49 + 2, 023 = 0,059
+ x2 '
1, 061
c1
Cc s liu c tnh lm vic c tnh trong bng mc 93

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 37 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

91. Bi s momen cc i
mmax =

M max
I '2m
S m
40,9 2 0, 0303
=(
)*
=(
)*
= 1,32
M m
' I ' 2 m
Sm
23, 609
0, 069

I2m = 4,9 A dng in rto ng vi smax

I2m = 23,609 A dng in rto ng vi sm
Cc s liu c tnh lm vic:

,cos ;I1(A)

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

s(%)

- 38 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

S
rns=C12*(

r1 r '2
+
)
C1
s

xns=C12*(

x1
+ x '2 )
C1

Zns= rns2 + xns2

I2=C1*

N MY IN

U1
Z ns

10

n
v

0,005

0,015

0,019

0,035

0,059

53,273 18,008 10,956 9,105

6,254

4,21

3,855

3,855

3,855

3,855

53,412 18,416 11,614 9,887

7,346

5,708

4,37

3,855

0,017

15 P2(kW)

3,855

12,675 20,098 23,609 31,77

40,9

cos '2 =

rns
Z ns

0,9974 0,9878 0,9733 0,9509 0,8943 0,7976

sin '2 =

xns
Z ns

0,072

0,209

0,322

0,39

0,525

0,675

I1r=Idbr+

I '2
* cos ' 2
C1

5,62

12,2

18,38

25,19

26,0

30,17

I1x=Idbx+

I '2
* sin ' 2
C1

8,8

11,0

14,79

17,18

24,22

34,52

9,94

16,43

23,6

28,92

35,53

45,85

0,657

0,774

0,822

0,871

0,732

0,66

5,67

9,87

14,51

17,14

17,56

19,92

I1= I 12r + I 12x

cos =

I 1r
I1

P1 = 3*U1*I1r*10 3

kW

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 39 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

Pcu1 = 3*I12*r1*10 3

kW

0,21

0,345

0,62

0,92

1,34

1,98

Pcu2 = 3*I22*r2*10 3
Pf = 0,005* P1
P0 = PFe + Pc

kW

0,015

0,113

0,285

0,393

0,712

1,18

kW
kW
kW

0,029
0,359
0,613

0,049
0,359
0,886

0,073
0,359
1,337

0,093
0,359
1,89

0,088
0,359
2,499

0,1
0,359
3,61

kW

5,057

8,99

13,18

15,04

15,07

16,32

85,0

86,3

86,9

87,1

85,8

82,0

P = P
P2 = P1 -

cu1

+Pcu2 + Pf + P0

P2
* 100
P1

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 40 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

H - TNH TON C TNH KHI NG

92. Tham s ca ng c in khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi vi s = 1
- Tnh h s quy i chiu cao rnh rto khi m my (s = 1):
= 0,067*a* s = 0,067*31,5 *1 = 2
Trong :
a = hr2 - h42 = 32 - 0,5 = 31,5 mm
- Theo hnh 10-13 (Tr.256_TKM)
Vi

= 2 = 0,75 , = 1

kR = 1 + = 1 + 1 = 2
rtd = kR*rtd = 2*3,066*10-5 = 6,13*10-5
- in tr ca rto khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi vi s=1

r2 = rtd

2 *r v
2* 2, 217 *106
2
0, 662
+ = 6,13*10-5 +
= 7,15*10-5

- in tr rto quy i
r2 = *r2 =5759*7,15*10-5 = 0,397
- H s t dn rnh rto khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi vi s=1:
h
h1
* b2 2
b
(1
) + 0, 66 42 ]* + 42
r2 = [
b42
3* b
8* Sc
2* b
=[

0,5
25, 6
*92 2
1,5
(1
) + 0, 66
]*0,75 +
= 1,366
1,5
3*9
8* 204, 2
2*9

Trong : h1=hr1=25,6mm; Sc=Sr2=204,2mm2

- Tng h s t dn rto khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi vi s=1:1.233
2 = r 2 +t2 +2+rn = 1,366 + 3,182 +0,254 + 0,971 = 5,773
- in khng rto khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi:
x2 = x2*

2
2

= 1,023*

5,88
= 0,956
6, 22

- Tng tr ngn mch khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi:

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 41 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

rn = r1 + r2 = 0,355 + 0,396 = 0,751

xn = x1 + x2 = 1,49 +0,956 = 2,446
Zn =

rn + xn

0, 7512 + 2, 4462 = 2,558

- Dng in ngn mch khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi:

U1
220
In = Z =
= 86 A
2,558
n
93. Tham s ca ng c in khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi v s bo ha ca
mch t tn khi s=1
S b chn h s bo ha kbh = 1,44
-Dng in ngn mch khki xt n hiu ng mt ngoi
Inbh = kbh*In = 1,44*86 = 124 A
-Sc t ng trung bnh ca mt rnh stator
Fzbh = 0,7*

= 0,7*

I nbh * u r
a1

* (k + k y * k *

Z1
)
Z2

124* 42
36
*(0,9025 + 0,966*0,93* ) = 3751
2
28

Trong :
ur = 42 S thanh dn tc dng trong rnh stator
a1 = 2 S mch nhnh song song
k=0,906 H s tnh n sc t ng nh bc ngn ly theo hnh 10-14
trang 259_TKM
ky=0,966 h s bc ngn ca dy qun
k=0,93 H s dy qun
Cbh= 0,64 + 2,5*

0, 045
= 0,64 + 2,5*
= 0,893
t1 + t 2
1,92 + 2, 457

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 42 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

Fztb *104
B =
1, 6* C bh *

N MY IN

3751*104
=
= 5,83 T
1, 6*0,893*0, 045

Theo hnh 10-15 (Tr.260_TKM):

Chn: = 0,45
C 1 = (t 1 -b 41 )*(1- ) = (1,92 0,262)*(1 - 0,45) = 0,911
1bh=

h41 + 0,58 *h 3
C1
0, 05 + 0,58*0, 45
0,911
*
*
=
=0,823
b41
C1 + 1,5 * b41
0, 262
0,911 + 1,5*0, 262

-H s t tn rnh khi xt n bo ha mch t tn

r1bh = r1 - 1bh = 0,994 - 0,823 = 0,171
-H s t tn tp stator khi xt n bo ha mcht tn:
t1bh = t1* = 3,23*0,45 = 1,452
- Tng h s t tn stator khi xt n bo ha mach t tn:
1bh = r1bh + t1bh + 1 = 0,171 + 1,452 + 0,164 = 1,784
- in khng stator khi xt n bo ha mach t tn:
x1bh = x1*

1bh
1, 787
= 1,49*
= 0,55
1
4,838

C2 = (t2 - b42)*(1 - ) = (2,457 - 0,15)*(1 - 0,45) = 1,268

2bh =

h 42
C2
0, 05
1, 268
*
*
=
= 0,298
b 42 C 2 +b 42
0,15 1, 268 + 0,15

- H s t tn rto khi xt n bo ha mch t tn v hiu ng mt ngoi:

r2bh = r2 - 2bh = 1,366 - 0,298 = 1,068
- H s t tn tp rto khi xt n bo ha mch t tn:
t2bh = t2* = 3,182*0,45 = 1,43
- H s t tn do rnh nghin rto khi xt n bo ha mch t tn:
rnbh = rn* = 0,971*0,45 = 0,437
- Tng h s t tn rto khi xt n bo ha mch t tn v hiu ng mt ngoi

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 43 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

2bh = r2bh+ t2bh+2+rnbh = 1,068+1,43+0,254+0,437 = 3,189

- in khng rto khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi v bo ha t ca mch t tn:
2bh

x2bh = x2*

= 2,023*

3,189
= 1,037
6, 22

94.Cc tham s ngn mch khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi v s bo ha ca

nch t tn
'

rn = r1 + r 2 = 0,355 + 0,397 = 0,752

xnbh = x1bh + x2bh = 0,489 + 1,037 = 1,526
Znbh= r 2 n + x 2 nbh = 0, 7522 + 1, 037 2 = 1,701
95. Dng in khi ng
Ik=

U1
220
=
= 129 A
Z n bh 1, 701

Tr s ny khng sai khc nhiu vi tr s gi thit mc 93 nn khng cn gi thit

li
96. Bi s dng in khi ng
ik =

Ik
129
=
= 4,31
I m 29,9

- in khng h cm khi xt n bo ha:

x12n = x12*k = 24,33*1,4 = 34
C2bh = 1 +

x2' bh
x 12 n

I2k =

= 1+

Ik
C 2 bh

1, 037
= 1,03
34
129
= 125 A
1, 03

97. Bi s momen khi ng

mk=(

I ' 2 k 2 r ' 2
125 2 0,397
)*
*sm=(
)*
*0,0303 = 1,3
I ' 2 m
23, 609
0, 2351
r '2

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 44 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

PHN BA : TNG KT
Trong thi gian va qua, vi s n lc ca bn than cng vi s ch bo tn tnh
ca cc thy c gio trong b mn Thit k my in, c bit l s gip tn tnh
ca thy gio hng dn Lng Thanh Bnh, em hon thnh xong bn thit k ca
mnh v ti Thit k ng c khng ng b 3 pha rto lng sc. Trong qu trnh
thit k n, vi kin thc cn hn ch nn bn n kh c th trnh khi cc thiu
st. Em mong nhn c s nhn xt, gp ca cc thy c gio bn thit k ca
em c hon chnh hn.
Em xin gi n thy gio hng dn Lng Thanh Bnh cng cc thy c gio
trong b mn Thit k my in li bit n su sc nht. chc cc thy c gio sc
khe di do v thnh cng hn trong s nghip ca mnh.
Em xin chn thnh cm n.
Vinh, ngy 30 thng 1 nm 2012
Sinh vin

H Xun L

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 45 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

MC LC
LI NI U
PHN MT: NHNG VN CHUNG KHI THIT K NG C KHNG
NG B RTO LNG SC
I.u im.4
II.Nhc im..4
III.Bin php khc phc
4
IV.Nhn
xt...4
V.Tiu chun sn xut ng
c....5
VI.Phng php thit
k5
VII.Ni dung thit
k............5
VIII.Cc tiu chun i vi ng c khng ng b rto lng
sc.5
1.Tiu chun v dy cng
sut.........5
2.Tiu chun v kch thc lp t cao tm
trc.6
3.K hiu my..6
4.Cp bo
v.6
5.S lm mt.6
6.Cp cch
in.........6

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 46 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

7.Cc tiu chun khc

9
8.Ch lm
vic..9
IX- Cc thng s ban u
9
PHN HAI: THIT K V TNH TON NG C KHNG NG B
A-TNH TON KCH THC C BN CA NG C
1.S i cc11
2.ng knh ngoi stato11
3.ng knh trong
stato.11
4.Cng sut tnh
ton...11
5.Chiu di tnh ton ca li st
stato..11
6.Bc
cc...12
7.Lp phng n so
snh.12
8.Dng in pha nh
mc..12
B-DY QUN, RNH STATO V KHE H KHNG KH
9.S rnh stato.13
10.Bc rnh stato..13
11.S thanh dn tc dng ca mt
rnh..13

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 47 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

12.S vng dy ni tip ca mt

pha..14
13.Tit din v ng knh dy dn
14
14.Kiu dy
qun.15
15.H s dy
qun.......16
16.T thng khe h khng kh16
17.Mt t thng khe h khng
kh.17
18.S b nh chiu rng ca
rng..17
19.S b nh chiu cao gng
stato.17
20.Kch thc rnh v cch
in.17
21.B rng rng
stato...19
22.Chiu cao gng stato..20
23.Khe h khng kh...........20
C-DY QUN, RNH V GNG RTO
24.S rnh rto20
25.Dng knh ngoi rto...21
26.Bc rng
rto.21
27.S b nh chiu rng rng
rto..21

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 48 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

28.ng knh trc

rto...21
29.Dng in trong thanh dn
rto...21
30.Dng in trong vnh ngn mch
21
31.Tit din thanh dn bng nhm...
21
32.S b chn mt dng in trong vnh ngn
mch.............22
33.Kch thc rnh rto v vnh ngn
mch...22
34.Din tch rnh rto..22
35.Din tch vnh ngn
mch...22
36.B rng rng rto 1/3 chiu cao
rng...22
37.Chiu cao gng rto23
38.Lm nghing rnh rto.23
D-TNH TON MCH T
39.H s khe h khng
kh...23
40.Dng thp k thut in cn ngui loi
2212..23
41.Sc t ng khe h khng
kh.24
42.Mt t thng rng
stato...................24

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 49 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

43.Cng t trng trn rng

stato.24
44.Sc t ng trn rng
stato..24
45.Mt t thng rng rto
24
46.Cng t trng trn rng
rto..24
47.Sc t ng trn rng
rto...24
48.H s bo ha
rng..24
49.Mt t thng trn gng
stato..25
50.Cng t trng gng stato
25
51.Chiu di mch t gng
stato...25
52.Sc t ng gng
stato.....................25
53.Mt t thng trn gng rto.25
54.Cng t trng trn gng rto25
55.Chiu di mch t gng rto..................25
56.Sc t ng trn gng rto25
57.Tng sc t ng ca mch t
25
58.H s bo ha ton
mch.25

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 50 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

59.Dng in t
ha.26
E-THAM S NG C IN CH NH MC
60.Chiu di phn u ni ca dy qun stato
26
61.Chiu di trung bnh na vng dy ca dy qun
stato.26
62.Chiu di dy qun mt pha ca stato
26
63.in tr tc dng ca dy qun
stato.....................26
64.in tr tc dng ca dy qun
rto..27
65.in tr vnh ngn
mch...27
66.in tr rto..27
67.H s quy
i......27
68.in tr rto quy
i.27
69.H s t dn tn rnh
stato.27
70.H s t dn tp
stato.28
71.H s t dn tn phn u
ni........................28
72.H s t dn tn
stato.29

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 51 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

73.in khng dy qun

stato.29
74.H s t dn tn rnh
rto..29
75.H s t dn tp
rto..29
76.H s t tn phn u
ni..29
77.H s t tn do rnh
nghing.30
78.H s t tn
rto.30
79.in khng tn dy qun
rto.30
80.in khng rto quy i
30
81.in khng h cm
30
82.Tnh li
kE...........30
F-TN HAO THP V TN HAO C
83.Trng lng rng
stato...........31
84.Trng lng gng t
stato.32
85.Tn hao st trong li st stato
32

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 52 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

86.Tn hao b mt trn rng rto

32
87.Tn hao p mch trn rng rto
33
88.Tng tn hao thp
33
89.Tn hao
c...................33
90.Tn hao khng ti
34
G-C TNH LM VIC
91.Bi s mmen cc
i.....35
H-TNH TON C TNH KHI NG
92.Tham s ca ng c in khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi(s=1)
37
93.Tham s ca ng c in khi xt c hiu ng mt ngoi v s bo ha ca
mch t
tn.....38
94.Cc tham s ngn mch khi xt n hiu ng mt ngoi v s bo ha ca
mch t
tn.....40
95.Dng in khi
ng..40
96.Bi s dng in khi ng
40
97.Bi s mmen khi ng
49

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 53 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT

KHOA: IN

N MY IN

PHN BA : TNG KT

GVHD: Lng Thanh Bnh

- 54 -

SVTH: H Xun L
Lp : i n B_K3_LT