GRAMMAR STRUCTURES: UNITS 1-5

PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT: VERB TO BE IN PRESENT: IS, ARE, AM CONTINUOUS: VERB WITH ING (GERUND or PRESENT PARTICIPL.E) RULES 1. THE VERB HAS 2 ELEMENTS: AUXILIARY: TO BE IN PRESENT: IS, ARE, AM---NEGATIVE FORM: ISNT, ARENT, AM NOT ACTION VERB: ING FORM REMEMBER THE CONJUGATION OF THE VERB TO BE IN PRESENT: AM= I IS= HE, SHE, IT ARE= YOU, WE, THEY 2. USE BOTH VERBS (TO BE and ING FORM WITH THE 3 STRUCTURES: AFFIRMATIVE, NEGATIVE AND INTERROGATIVE) 3. FOR NEGATIVE OF THE VERB TO BE, USE: AM NOT, ISNT, ARENT USES:
AFFIRMATIVE SUBJECT + VERB (IS-ARE-AM + VERB ING) + COMPLEMENT NEGATIVE SUBJECT + VERB (ISNT-ARENT-AM NOT + VERB ING) + COMPLEMENT YES/NO QUESTIONS INFORMATION QUESTIONS

VERB TO BE: IS/ARE/AM + SUBJECT + VERB ING + COMPLEMENT? IS KEILA PLAYING THE PIANO? YES, SHE IS. NO, SHE ISNT.

WH + TO BE: IS/ ARE/AM + SUBJECT + VERB ING + COMPLEMENT? WHERE IS KEILA PLAYING THE PIANO? SHE IS PLAYING THE PIANO IN HER HOUSE.

KEILA IS PLAYING THE PIANO.

KEILA ISNT PLAYING THE PIANO.

1. FOR ACTIONS IN PROGRESS = ACTIONS THAT ARE HAPPENING NOW Examples The kids are watching TV. I am sitting down, because I am tired. I am not learning German, because this is an English class. Who are you writing to?

2. FOR THE FUTURE (ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU USE TIME EXPRESSIONS: TOMORROW, NEXT WEEK, NEXT YEAR, IN THE AFTERNOON.) Examples I am seeing my dentist on Wednesday. Polly is coming for dinner tomorrow. Are you doing anything tonight? We aren't going on holiday next week.