حد و پیوستگی

Ghalam-doc.
ir

:
( ) Limit .
.
x .
.
: f(x) = 2x 3 .
.
2.1
2.01
2.001
2 2.0001
1.999 1.9999
1.99
1.9
1.2
1.02
1.002
1 1.0002
0.998 0.9998
0.98
0.8
)f(x
x2
lim 2 x 3 1
x 2
-1
-3
-4
-1
doc ghalam.doc@gmail.com
Ghalam-doc.ir
:
b
c
d
)h(x
)g(x
)f(x
b
xo
xo
xo
lim g ( x )
lim h( x )
x xo
x xo
lim f ( x ) b
x xo
) lim f ( x b xo
x xo
b .
.
:
) lim f ( x . :
x A
-1 f a .
x = a .
1
3
3
1
3x 1
5
2
2
lim
:
1
3
x2
3
2
1
x
2
2
2
lim x 2 3x 1 1
x 0
Ghalam-doc.ir
x 2 1 1 1 0
lim

x 1
1 1
0
2
lim x 1 x
2
x 0
x 1
. :
3x 1
lim
x
x 1
lim 3x 1
x 1
lim x
x 1
3 1
4
1
x 2 sin x 0 sin 0 0
lim
0
x 1
0 1
1
x 0
lim 3x10 x 2 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 3
lim
x 1
ln x limx ln1 x ln1 0
0
x
lim x
1
1
x 1
lim
10
x 1
x 2 2 x 12 21 3
3
x
1
1
x 1
lim cos x sin x

x
lim
n
2
n
n
2
cos sin 0 1 1
2
2
x 1 0 1 1

x
0
0
x 0
lim
x
1

x
1
x 1
ghalam.doc@gmail.com doc
Ghalam-doc.ir
x 1 0 1 1 1

x
0
0 0
lim
x 0
:

. .
x2
0 x
x0
x2
f x
2 x
2x
lim f x 12 1
lim f x 32 9
lim f x 2 5 10
lim f x
x 1
x 5
x 3
x 0

:
lim f x x a x
x a
a ( ) a ( ) a
x = a .
:
f lim f x a
x a
f lim f x a
x a
Ghalam-doc.ir

.
:
-1 ) f(x . .
3 x 2
f x
5 x 2
x 1
x 1
lim f x lim 3x 2 32
x 10
x 10
lim f x lim 5x 2 5 0 2 2
x 0
x 0
lim f x lim 5x 2 17
x 3
lim f x 5 1 2 3
lim f x x 1
x 1
lim f x 3 1 2 5
x 1
x 3
x 1
x 1
x 1
: ) f(x lim f x L lim f x L lim f x .

x a
x a
x a

.
: .
Ghalam-doc.ir
x
f x
2
1 2 x
x 1
x 1
lim f x lim 1 2 x 2 1
x 1
lim f x x 1
x 1
lim f x lim x 1
x 1
x 1
. x = 4 a
3 x 7
f x
2ax 1
x4
x4
lim f x 2a 4 1 8a 1
x 4
x4
lim f x 3 4 7 19
x 4
x4
. a
20
2.5 : 8a -1 = 19 f x = 4
8
) x = -2 x = 2 ( b a :
x2
f x ax b
2x 6
x 2
2 x 2
x2
Ghalam-doc.ir
lim f x 2 2 4
lim f x x 2
2a b 4
lim
f
x
2
a
b
x 2
x 2
lim f x 2a b
x 2
lim f x
2a b 2
lim
f
x
x 2
x 2
2a b 4
3
2b 2 b 1 a
2
2a b 2

. :
0
0
,
,1 , , 0 ,
,
0
, ,0 0 0
-1 -2 ( ) -3
-4 -5 .
: .
Ghalam-doc.ir
x2 1 0
lim
x 1 0
x 1
x 2 1 x 1 x 1 x 1 0 -1 x x -1
x 1 x 1
x2 1
lim
lim
lim x 1 2
x 1
x 1
x 1
x 1
x 1
0
=
0
x3 1 0
lim

x 1 0
x 1
lim
x 1 x 2 x 1
x 1
lim x 2 x 1 3
x 1
x 1
x2 1 1 0
lim
x 1
0
x 0
x2 1 1
x2 1 1 x2 1 1
lim
lim
2
x 1
x
1
x x2 1 1
x 0
lim
x
x2
x2 1 1
lim
x 0
x
x2 1 1
x 0
0
0
2
x 0
Ghalam-doc.ir
:
lim
x 4 2 x 1
x 2 5x 2
x 2
lim
2 3 6 3
6 10
4 2
x 2 0

x4 0
x 4
lim
x 2
x 2
x4
1
1
lim
x4
x 2
4 2 4
x 4 x 2
x 4
lim
2x 4
0

x7 3 0
x 2
lim
2x 4 x 7 3
2x 4
x7 3
lim
x 7 9
x7 3
x7 3
x 2
lim
2x 4
x7 3
x2
x 2
9 3 12
x 2
1
1
lim
3
x 1 x 1
x 1
x2 x 1 1
x2 x
2
lim
lim

x 1 x 2 x 1
x 1 x 2 x 1 0
x 1
x 1
Ghalam-doc.ir
lim 3
x 1 0

x 1 0
x 1
x 1 3 x 2 3 x 1
x 1 3 x2 3 x 1
lim
3
lim 3
x 1
x 1 3 x2 3 x 1
x 1
x 1
lim
sin
1 :
. 0 sin
lim
sin 3x
?
4x
x 0
x A tan sin :
) (
tan sin
: tan sin
0
0
lim
sin 3x
3x 3
lim
:
4x
4x 4
x 0
x 0
sin x
x
x
1
1
2
2 lim
2
lim
lim
2
2
2
x2
x2
x x
2
2
2
4
4
Ghalam-doc.ir
:
.
( ) ( ) .
.
:
) f(x x = a .
)1 f a lim f x :
x a
)2 f a lim f x :
x a
)3 ) f(a lim f x f a .
x a
:
+ - .
.
:
Ghalam-doc.ir
1 1
lim
x 0
1 x 0
lim
1 1
x
lim
x 0
x 0
x 0
. x = 0
1

x
1
x
1
x
:
1( lim
1

x2
x 0
4x 2
0 0
0

lim
x
2
0
0
0
2
4x
x 2
2( lim
x 2
4x 2
0
x 2
lim x 2 0
x 2
Ghalam-doc.ir
x 22
3
x 1 1
1
lim 2
2

3( lim
lim 2
x 4 0
x 4
x 2 x 4
x 2
x 2
x 2
:
x x x
.
:
lim
3x 2
lim
x 2 1
3x 2
3
3
lim
3
1
1
1 2 1
x 2 1 2
x
x
x
x
y=3
:
1
x 3
3x 1
x 30
lim
lim
3
1 1 0
x 1
x 1
x
x
x
Ghalam-doc.ir
x x 1
x 2 x
x 1 1
lim
lim
lim

1 30 3
1
3x 1
3
x 3
x
x
x
x
x
1 1
x 2 3 2
3x x 1
x x 30 3
lim
lim
0
5
1
0
x 1
2 3
x x 2
x
x
) ( :
an
an x n an 1x n 1 ... a1x a0 bm
lim
bm x m b m 1x m 1 ... b1x b0 0
x
n m
n m
n m

حد و پیوستگی

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

حد و پیوستگی

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Ghalam-doc.

ln x limx ln1 x ln1 0

lim cos x sin x

: ) f(x lim f x L lim f x L lim f x .

You might also like