Seismic Instrument

Dynamic Range
Fixed Gain = 30dB Variable Gain = 90 dB Dynamic range = 120 D System noise = 120 dB Gain step = 6 dB

Group Geophone

Parameter & Prosedur lapangan

Single fold recording Common midpoint methods Shot-receiver configuration Stacking Diagram Seismic Gathers Stacking Desain parameter survey

Single fold recording

Satu titik di bawah permukaan hanya diukur satu kali untuk menghasilkan satu jejak seismik (seismic trace) pada penampang seismik

Common Mid Point Methods

Shot Gathers

Common Mid Point Methods The common midpoint sort converts shot gathers to common midpoint gathers

Shot gathers have all stations recording a single shot; this is the way the data is recorded Common midpoint gathers have all the shotreceiver paths with the same midpoint; this is the processing geometry.

Common Mid Point Methods

Shot Gathers dan MidPoints Gathers

Common Mid Point Methods

CMP Gathers

Fold = menyatakan berapa kali satu titik di bawah permukaan diukur dengan metoda CMP.

Common Mid Point Methods

Shot Gathers, skipped shots

Single fold Vs Multi fold

Single fold section

CMP stack section

Common Mid Point Methods

Maksimum nominal fold coverage

N GI Maks _ Fold = x 2 SI
N = Jumlah channel GI = Group interval SI = Shot Interval

Shot receiver Configuration

Shot-receiver Geometry variable

Shot receiver Configuration

Shot Geometry

Shot receiver Configuration

Shot Geometry

Shot receiver Configuration

Shot Geometry

Display and discussion of field acquisition geometry

Gathers
Common shot gathers

Common receivers gathers

Common midpoint gathers

Common offset gathers

Seismic Acquisition Parameter

Number of channel (Number of group geophone) Group interval Shot interval Near offset Far offset Shot-receiver configuration (Spread layout)
Offend spread
Push Pull

Split spread

Shot-receiver configuration

Seismic Acquisition Issues

Sampling the Reflection Field

Near Offset: too large?

Far Offset: too small?

CMP Profiling

Shot Gathers

CMP Gather

Velocity Analysis

NMO gathers

Mutes

Stack (migrated)

Parameter Survey

Parameter Survey

Parameter akuisisi

Number of channel : 12 Near offset : 60m Number of shot : 20 Group interval : 15m Shot interval : 15m Lay out : Off-end spread (push)