SCH HNG DN HC TP

TIN HC I CNG
Bin son: PHAN TH H NGUYN TIN HNG

Gii thiu mn hc

0 1
2 GII THIU MN HC
1. GII THIU CHUNG: Bi ging Tin hc i cng c xy dng theo chng trnh o to t xa nhm cung cp cho sinh vin cc lp i hc t xa ca Hc vin cng ngh Bu chnh vin thng; ng thi cng l ti liu tham kho b ch cho sinh vin i hc v Cao ng o to ti ch thuc cc chuyn ngnh K thut, chuyn nghnh Qun tr kinh doanh. Bi ging Tin hc i cng bm st ni dung c s ca cng chi tit B gio dc v o to ban hnh. Tuy nhin, nhm tc gi c hiu chnh v cp nht cc phn ni dung ng dng mi ca Cng ngh thng tin hin nay. Bi ging gm 5 chng v ph lc. Trong mi chng, nhm tc gi c a ra nhng v d minh ha, cc cu hi v bi tp mt cch h thng gip cho sinh vin nm bt c phn hc l thuyt v tip cn c vi kin thc thc tin. Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn. Chng ny nhm cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc, cc khi nim c s lin quan n tin hc, h thng my tnh trc khi bc vo cc chng tip theo. Chng 2: H iu hnh (HH). Chng ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc khi nim c bn, tng quan v h iu hnh, bn cnh cn cung cp cho sinh vin phng thc hot ng, chc nng, nhim v ca HH, cch s dng ca mt s h iu hnh thng dng nh HH MS-DOS v HH WINDOWS. Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng. Phn ny nhm cung cp cho sinh vin cc k nng c bn trong vic s dng mt s ng dng thng dng nh Microsoft Word, Excel, Power Point v Virus tin hc. Qua , sinh vin c kh nng s dng phn tin hc vn phng lm cng c phc c cho cc cng vic vn phng v c bit l cc mn hc tip theo c s dng tin hc vn phng. Bn cnh sinh vin hiu c tc hi ca Virus cng nh cch phng chng Virus. Chng 4 (Ch yu dnh cho cc ngnh TVT v CNTT): Ngn ng lp trnh C. Chng ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc tng quan v c bn v ngn ng lp trnh C. Qua sinh vin c th nm c cc khi nim c bn v lp trnh v thit lp c mt s chng trnh n gin phc v cho 2

Gii thiu mn hc khoa hc k thut v c bit l lm cng c phc v cho cc mn hc v tin hc v vin thng m cc em sp hc. Chng 5 (Ch yu dnh cho ngnh QTKD): H qun tr c s d liu (CSDL) Microsoft Access. Chng ny cp cho sinh vin kin thc tng quan v h qun tr CSDL v c th l h qun tr CSDL Microsoft Access, cch thc t chc d liu trn h qun tr CSDL cng nh cc tnh nng v cc cng c mnh ca Microsoft Access.Qua sinh vin nm c tt c cc k nng c bn cn c xy dng v s dng CSDL trn phn mm Microsoft ACCESS. 2. MC CH MN HC Hc phn ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc c bn v tin hc, cu trc my tnh, h iu hnh, cc chng trnh ng dng thng dng, ngn ng lp trnh C. 3. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU MN HC hc tt mn hc ny, sinh vin cn lu nhng vn sau : 1- Thu thp y cc ti liu : ging: Tin hc i cng, Phan Th H, Nguyn Tin Hng, Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT, 2005. hng dn hc tp v bi tp: Tin hc i cng, Phan Th H, Nguyn Tin Hng, Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT, 2005.
Bi Sch Bi

ging in t: Tin hc i cng, Hc vin Cng ngh BCVT, 2005.

Nu c iu kin, sinh vin nn tham kho thm: Cc ti liu tham kho trong mc Ti liu tham kho cui cun sch ny. 2- t ra mc tiu, thi hn cho bn thn: t ra mc cc mc tiu tm thi v thi hn cho bn thn, v c gng thc hin chng Cng vi lch hc, lch hng dn ca Hc vin ca mn hc cng nh cc mn hc khc, sinh vin nn t t ra cho mnh mt k hoch hc tp cho ring mnh. Lch hc ny m t v cc tun hc (t hc) trong mt k hc v nh du s lng cng vic cn lm. nh du cc ngy khi sinh vin phi thi st hch, np cc bi lun, bi kim tra, lin h vi ging vin. Xy dng cc mc tiu trong chng trnh nghin cu Bit r thi gian nghin cu khi mi bt u nghin cu v th thc hin, c nh nhng thi gian hng tun. Suy ngh v thi lng thi gian nghin 3

Gii thiu mn hc cu Tit kim thi gian. Nu bn mt qu nhiu th gi nghin cu, bn nn xem li k hoch thi gian ca mnh. 3- Nghin cu v nm nhng kin thc ct li: Sinh vin nn c qua sch hng dn hc tp trc khi nghin cu bi ging mn hc v cc ti liu tham kho khc. Nn nh rng vic hc thng qua c ti liu l mt vic n gin nht so vi vic truy cp mng Internet hay s dng cc hnh thc hc tp khc. Hy s dng thi quen s dng bt nh du dng (highline maker) nh du cc mc v nhng ni dung, cng thc quan trng trong ti liu. 4- Tham gia y cc bui hng dn hc tp: Thng qua cc bui hng dn hc tp ny, ging vin s gip sinh vin nm c nhng ni dung tng th ca mn hc v gii p thc mc; ng thi sinh vin cng c th trao i, tho lun ca nhng sinh vin khc cng lp. Thi gian b tr cho cc bui hng dn khng nhiu, do ng b qua nhng bui hng dn c ln k hoch. 5- Ch ng lin h vi bn hc v ging vin: Cch n gin nht l tham d cc din n hc tp trn mng Internet. H thng qun l hc tp (LMS) cung cp mi trng hc tp trong sut 24 gi/ngy v 7 ngy/tun. Nu khng c iu kin truy nhp Internet, sinh vin cn ch ng s dng hy s dng dch v bu chnh v cc phng thc truyn thng khc (in thoi, fax,...) trao i thng tin hc tp. 6- T ghi chp li nhng chnh: Nu ch c khng th rt kh cho vic ghi nh. Vic ghi chp li chnh l mt hot ng ti hin kin thc, kinh nghim cho thy n gip ch rt nhiu cho vic hnh thnh thi quen t hc v t duy nghin cu. 7 -Tr li cc cu hi n tp sau mi chng, bi. Cui mi chng, sinh vin cn t tr li tt c cc cu hi. Hy c gng vch ra nhng tr li chnh, tng bc pht trin thnh cu tr li hon thin. i vi cc bi tp, sinh vin nn t gii trc khi tham kho hng dn, p n. ng ngi ngn trong vic lin h vi cc bn hc v ging vin nhn c s tr gip. Nn nh thi quen c v ghi chp l cha kho cho s thnh cng ca vic t hc! 4

Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn

0 Chng 1: CC KHI NIM C BN

1.1. GII THIU

Chng ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc sau: - Cc khi nim c bn v thng tin, cc h m v mnh logic trong lnh vc tin hc. - Tng quan v qu trnh x l thng tin, nhn din k thut phn cng v phn mm c nghin cu trong tin hc. - Cc khi nim c bn v thut ton v s khi gii quyt mt bi ton c th trn my tnh in t. - Cu trc ca mt h thng my tnh, phn cng, phn mm, cc thit b ngoi vi. - Cc khi nim v mng, kt ni mng, cc cu trc lin kt mng, cc thnh phn thit b u ni mng v cc dch v c bn ca mng my tnh. 1.2. TM TT CHNG I
1.2.1. Khi nim thng tin

Thng tin l mt khi nim tru tng, n c th hin di nhiu dng thc khc nhau. Thng tin c th c pht sinh, c lu tr, c bin i trong nhng vt mang tin (gi l gi). Thng tin c bin i bi cc d liu v cc d liu ny c th c truyn i, c sao chp, c x l hoc b ph hy. Thng tin c th hin bng cc dng tn hiu vt l. 1.2.2. X l thng tin S tng qut ca mt qu trnh x l thng tin

Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn 1.2.3. Tin hc Tin hc l mt ngnh khoa hc cng ngh nghin cu cc phng php x l thng tin mt cch t ng da trn cc phng tin k thut m ch yu hin ti l my tnh in t.Tin hc hin ang c ng dng rng ri trong tt c cc ngnh ngh khc nhau ca x hi t khoa hc k thut, y hc, kinh t, cng ngh sn xut n khoa hc x hi, ngh thut 1.2.4. H m H m l tp hp cc k hiu v qui tc s dng tp k hiu biu din v xc nh cc gi tr cc s. Mi h m c mt s k s (digits) hu hn v tng s k s ca mi h m c gi l c s (base hay radix), k hiu l b. 1.2.5. Cu trc tng qut ca my tnh in t Mi loi my tnh c th c cc hnh dng hoc cu trc khc nhau ty theo mc ch s dng. Tuy nhin, mt my tnh mun hot ng c phi hi t cc yu t sau : - Phn cng: bao gm cc thit b vt l m ngi dng c th quan st c. l cc bng mch in t c lp ghp li vi nhau v c cung cp in nng hot ng. Phn cng my tnh thng c chia ra lm ba phn c bn - l: Thit b nhp, thit b x l v thit b xut - Phn mm: bao gm cc chng trnh c vit bi cc nh lp trnh nhm mc ch iu khin cc mch in t cng nh thc hin cc php tnh ton. Phn mm thng chia lm ba loI c bn - l: H iu hnh, phn mm ng dng v phn mm tin ch. 1.2.6. Khi nim v mng my tnh mc n gin nht, mng (network) bao gm hai my tnh ni vi nhau bng cp (cable) theo mt chun no sao cho chng c th dng chung d liu. Mi mng my tnh d phc tp n u i na cng u bt ngun t h thng n gin . 1.3. CU HI V BI TP Cu 1: Hy xc nh m nh phn no sau y l kt qu c chuyn i t m s thp phn 29.75(10) : a/ 01101.01(2) b/ 11011.11(2) c/ 11101.11(2) d/ Tt c u sai 8

Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn Cu 2: Hy xc nh m nh phn no sau y l kt qu c chuyn i t m s hexa-deximal 3C4(16) : a/ 001011000110(2) b/ 001111000100(2) c/ 010010100010(2) d/ Tt c u sai Cu 3: Hy xc nh kt qu ng ca php tnh cng 2 s nh phn 0101 + 1100 : a/ 10011 b/ 10001 c/ 11001 d/ 10101 Cu 4: Hy xc nh kt qu ng ca php tnh nhn 2 s nh phn 0110 * 1011 : a/ 1001001 b/ 1100101 c/ 1000110 d/ 1000010 Cu 5: Trong phn cng my tnh, nhng thit b no sau y thuc nhm thit b u vo (Input) : a/ Keyboard, Mouse, Light Pen b/ Keyboard, Scanner, Digitizer c/ Mouse, Light Pen, Touch screen d/ Tt c u ng Cu 6: Trong phn cng my tnh, nhng thit b no sau y thuc nhm thit b u ra (Output) : a/ Printer, RAM Disk, Plotter b/ Printer, Scanner, Plotter c/ Monitor, Plotter, Printer d/ Tt c u sai 9

Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn Cu 7: Phn mm AntiVirus c ci t trong my tnh thuc nhm phn mm no sau y a/ Phn mm ng dng b/ Phn mm h thng c/ C hai nhm phn mm trn. d/ Tt c u sai. Cu 8: H iu hnh mng no sau y cho php thc hin kiu mng ngang hng : a/ Windows 2000/NT b/ UNIX. c/ LINUX d/ Novell Netware Cu 9: H iu hnh mng no sau y cho php thc hin kiu mng Client/Server : a/ Windows NT Server b/ UNIX c/ Novell Netware d/ Tt c u ng Cu 10: My tnh PC (Personal Computer) m chng ta ang s dng hin nay thuc phn loi my tnh no sau y. a/ Microcomputers b/ Minicomputers c/ Mainframe computers d/ Supercomputers Cu 11: Trong cu trc lin kt (Topology) mng my tnh cc b (LAN) c nhng kiu c bn no sau y : a/ Ring Topology v Bus Topology b/ Ring Topology v Star Topology c/ Bus Topology, Star Topology v Ring Topology d/ Bus Topology, Star Topology, Ring Topology v Mesh Topology 10

Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn Cu 12: Hy xc nh thit b lin kt mng HUB hot ng tng no trong m hnh tham chiu OSI a/ Tng vt l b/ Tng lin kt d liu c/ Tng mng d/ Tng vn chuyn Cu 13: Hy xc nh thit b lin kt mng Bridge hot ng tng no trong m hnh tham chiu OSI a/ Tng vt l b/ Tng lin kt d liu c/ Tng mng d/ Tng vn chuyn Cu 14: Hy xc nh thit b lin kt mng Router hot ng tng no trong m hnh tham chiu OSI a/ Tng vt l b/ Tng lin kt d liu c/ Tng mng d/ Tng vn chuyn Cu 15: Giao thc no sau y c s dng chung trong tt c cc h iu hnh mng hin nay : a/ UUCP b/ TCP/IP c/ NetBEUI d/ Tt c u sai. Cu 16: Giao thc no sau y c s dng dnh ring trong cc h iu hnh mng ca Microsoft : a/ IPX/SPX b/ TCP/IP c/ NetBEUI d/ Tt c u ng. 11

Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn Cu 17: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 80 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y a/ HTTP b/ FTP c/ SMTP d/ TELNET Cu 18: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 23 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y a/ HTTP b/ FTP c/ SMTP d/ TELNET Cu 19: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 25 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y a/ HTTP b/ FTP c/ SMTP d/ POP Cu 20: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 21 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y a/ HTTP b/ FTP c/ SMTP d/TELNE

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Chng 2: H iu hnh

0 Chng 2: H IU HNH
2.1. GII THIU

Chng ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc sau: - Khi nim v phn loi h iu hnh. - Gii thiu v h iu hnh (HH) MS-DOS, cc lnh c bn ca HH MS-DOS. - HH Windows, cc khi nim, mi trng lm vic, chi tit v hng dn s dng Windows. - Gii thiu cc h iu hnh khc. 2.2. TM TT CHNG 2
2.2.1. Khi nim v phn loi h iu hnh

Khi nim: h iu hnh l mt tp hp cc chng trnh lo vic iu khin hot ng ca my tnh v to mi trng cc phn mm khc chy c. Phn loi h iu hnh: Ngi ta phn loi h iu hnh theo kh nng thc hin cng lc mt hay nhiu chng trnh hoc kh nng qun l mt hay nhiu my tnh. Theo tiu chun th nht ta c 2 loi h iu hnh: HH n nhim, HH a nhim. Theo tiu chun th 2 ta c: H iu hnh cho my n l ,h iu hnh mng 2.2.2. H iu hnh MS-Dos
2.2.2.1. Cc thnh phn c bn ca MS-DOS

a) Boot record b) Tp h thng IO.sys c) Tp h thng MSDOS.SYS: d) Chng trnh COMMAND.COM v cc lnh ni tr e) Lnh ngoi tr 13

Chng 2: H iu hnh 2.2.2.2. Cc lnh c bn ca MS-DOS a) Lnh ni tr (internal command) Tp lnh ni tr gm cc lnh chnh thng dng nh: Cc lnh lin quan n th mc: DIR, CD, MD, RD, PATH, TREE, ... Cc lnh lin quan n file: TYPE, DEL, COPY, REN, ... Cc lnh thi gian: TIME, DATE Cc lnh khc: PROMPT, CLS, VER, VOL,... b. Lnh ngoi tr (external command) Cc lnh ngoi tr nh: Cc lnh lin quan n a: FORMAT, LABEL, CHKDSK, DISKCOPY, ... Cc lnh lin quan n t chc h thng: SYS, TREE, DELTREE, ... Cc lnh lin quan n tp tin: UNDELETE, ATTRIB, FIND, ... Cc lnh khc: PRINT, GRAPHICS, SORT, ... 2.2.3. H iu hnh WINDOWS 2.2.3.1. Gii thiu v h iu hnh WINDOWS: L h iu hnh a nhim, c tnh nng giao din ngi-my bng m thanh, ha, trang b nhiu chc nng ca s, s dng cc trnh n ko xung v con chut, c cc kiu ch a dng, cc dng c vn phng (ng h, my tnh, lch,s ghi chp...). 2.2.3.2. C bn v cch ci t HH WINDOWS C th ci t Windows 2000 theo hai cch: Nng cp t Windows 95 hay Windows 98 ln Windows 2000 (chng trnh Setup t ng chuyn cc thit lp h thng trc y v cc chng trnh ng dng c ci t vo Windows 2000), ci Windows 2000 hon ton mi (my tnh trc y v h iu hnh khng phi l Windows, a cng hon ton mi, cc chng trnh ng dng cng phi ci li t u). 2.2.3.3. S dng MENU START v thanh TASKBAR - Menu Start Khi nhy nt Start xut hin menu Start: 14

Chng 2: H iu hnh Trong menu ny c cc mc: Programs: khi tr chut vo mc ny s xut hin menu dc cp hai Programs cha tt c cc chng trnh c th chy. Documents: m cc ti liu c m gn y nht. Settings: sa i mn hnh nn hoc cc thit lp h thng. Search: tm tp hoc th mc. Help: khi chn mc ny ca s tr gip xut hin. Ca s tr gip c 3 nt: Contens (hng dn phn theo ch ), Index (cc ch hng dn lit k theo th t t vng), Search (tm mi ch c cha mt t hay cu, sau la chn ch cn xem hng dn). Run: m cc mc nh trang Web, chng trnh v cc ti nguyn my tnh khc. Shut Down: tt hoc khi ng li my. 2.2.3.4. Windows Expolorer Windows Explorer l cng c tr gip ca Windows 2000 gip ta bit c ton b my tnh c nhng g, cho php xem ni dung my tnh nh mt h thng th bc hay cu trc cy. Ta c th xem d dng ni dung mi a, mi th mc, cng nh bt k a no trong mng. 2.2.3.5. Desktop v cc biu tng Cc biu tng trn Desktop chia thnh hai loi: biu tng mc nhin l biu tng c sn ca Windows 2000 nh My Computer v Recycle Bin, biu tng ng tt (Shortcut) c du mi tn gc di bn tri hnh v biu tng. Biu tng ng tt cung cp cch truy nhp vo cc ti liu v chng trnh thng hay s dng mt cch d dng bng cch nhy p ln biu tng. - Biu tng My Computer My Computer l rt hu dng nu ta mun xem ni dung ring mt th mc hay mt a. Khi ta nhy p My Computer trn mn hnh nn, cc a ang dng hin ln trong ca s My Computer. Nhy p ln biu tng a, ca s s hin ln cc th mc cha trong a ny. Sau ta c th nhy p vo th mc xem cc tp c trong th mc ny. 15

Chng 2: H iu hnh 2.2.4. H iu hnh LINUX 2.2.4.1. Cc c im c bn H iu hnh UNIX c mt s c im sau: - a chng - Nhiu ngi s dng - Bo mt - c lp phn cng - Kt ni m - Dng chung thit b - T chc tp tin phn cp 2.2.4.2. Cc thnh phn chnh ca h iu hnh UNIX: - Windows & Graphic User Interface - Shell - Lnh v tin ch - Cc b iu khin thit b - Kernel 2.3. CU HI V BI TP Cu hi 1. Nu khi nim v h iu hnh 2. Phn loi h iu hnh 3. H iu hnh no l HH n nhim? DOS WINDOWS 2000 WINDOWS XP 4. H iu hnh no l HH a nhim? UNIX WINDOWS 2000 DOS 16

Chng 2: H iu hnh 5. Trong HH MS_DOS da h thng l a cha t nht nhng tp no? COMMAND.com IO.sys MSDOS.sys C 3 tp trn 6. nh ngha no l nh ngha tp tin: l ni lu tr thng tin bao gm chng trnh, d liu, vn bn,... Mi tp tin c mt tn ring phn bit. Tn tp tin thng c 2 phn: phn tn (name) v phn m rng (extension). Phn tn l bt buc phi c ca mt tp tin, cn phn m rng th c th c hoc khng. l ni ct gi cc tp tin theo mt ch no theo ngi s dng. y l bin php gip ta qun l c tp tin, d dng tm kim chng khi cn truy xut. Cc tp tin c lin quan vi nhau c th c xp trong cng mt tp tin. l lnh ch dn l trnh cho php ta t th mc bt k c th n trc tip th mc cn truy xut. 7. nh ngha no l nh ngha ng dn: l ni lu tr thng tin bao gm chng trnh, d liu, vn bn,... Mi tp tin c mt tn ring phn bit. Tn tp tin thng c 2 phn: phn tn (name) v phn m rng (extension). Phn tn l bt buc phi c ca mt tp tin, cn phn m rng th c th c hoc khng. l ni ct gi cc tp tin theo mt ch no theo ngi s dng. y l bin php gip ta qun l c tp tin, d dng tm kim chng khi cn truy xut. Cc tp tin c lin quan vi nhau c th c xp trong cng mt tp tin. l lnh ch dn l trnh cho php ta (con tr) t th mc bt k c th n trc tip th mc cn truy xut. 8. Mun to mt th mc bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau? Copy con Rd 17

Chng 2: H iu hnh Md DIR 9. Mun to mt tp bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Copy con del Md DIR 10. Mun to xa mt tp bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Copy con del Md Rd 11. Mun khi to a mi bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Format del Md Date 12. Mun to a khi ng ti a A: bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Format A: Format A:/s Format A:/a Sys A:/q 13. Mun xa mt th mc bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Copy con del 18

Chng 2: H iu hnh Md Rd 14. Mun i tn mt tp bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau rename del Md khng lnh no ng 15. Trong HH WINDOWS chng trnh ng dng Control Panel dng : Ci t hay thay i cu hnh ca h thng Xem ni dung ca th mc Chng phn mnh a cng 16. Windows Explorer l cng c tr gip, gip ta bit c: Ton b my tnh c nhng g, cho php xem ni dung ca my tnh nh mt h thng th bc hay cu trc hnh cy. Cho php xem ni dung mi a, mi th mc, bt k mt a no trong mng Php to v hiu chnh cc hnh nh ha: mt bc v trong Paint, thng tin ha lu trong Clipboard, mt bc nh ghi dng BMP, GIF, JPEG Cc i tng b xa b khi ta thao tc trong Windows 2000. Cc tp khng thc s b loi khi a cng cho n khi ta lm rng thng rc. 17. Khi mun di chuyn d liu t vng ngun n vng ch, ta phi s dng lnh no trong cp lnh no di y? Cut, Paste Copy, Paste File, Open 18. Khi mun copy d liu t vng ngun n vng ch, ta phi s dng lnh no trong cp lnh no di y? Cut, Paste Copy, Paste Del, Paste 19

Chng 2: H iu hnh Bi tp thc hnh Bi 1. Dng lnh ca MSDOS thc hin cc yu cu sau: 1. To cy th mc sau:

2. Trong th mc tin hc, to 2 tp tin danhsach1.txt v file danhsach2.txt vi ni dung ty chn 3. Ni 2 tp tin danhsach1.txt v danhsach2.txt thnh danhsach.txt 4. Di chuyn tt cc tp va to cu 2,3 vo th mc CANBAN 5. i tn tp danhsach.txt trong th mc CANBAN thnh ds.txt 6. Xa mn hnh v xem ni dung vn bn theo cc cch sau: ng ti th mc gc ( a C) ng ti th mc KETOAN ng ti th mc CANBAN 7. To thm th mc HA trong a C.Sao chp tt c cc tp tin trong th mc CANBAN vo th mc HA 8. Xem li ngy, gi h thng nu sai th sa li 9. Xa tp tin danhsach1.txt, danhsach2.txt trong th mc HA 10. Xem ni dung tp tin ds.txt trong th mc HA bng cch ng ti th mc QLHVIEN 11. Xa th mc KTOANTC 12. Copy tt c cc tp c phn m rng l TXT t th mc gc vo trong th mc HA . 13. Xa ton b cy th mc QLHVIEN 20

Chng 2: H iu hnh Bi 2: Thc hnh cc yu cu sau trn HH WINDOW2000 Khi ng my vo Windows. Nhy vo nt Start hin menu Start, hy duyt qua tt c cc menu con ca menu Start c trn my. Dng lnh Start / Help m ca s tr gip, duyt qua cc hng dn phn theo ch (nhy vo cc mc c cun sch m cc mc con, nhy vo cc mc c du chm hi xem chi tit), xem cc hng dn xt theo th t t vng. ng ca s hng dn. To mt biu tng ng tt cho Notepad trn mn hnh nn vi tn l Soan Thao Van Ban, ni cha chng trnh Notepad l %SystemRoot%\System32\notepad.exe. To biu tng ng tt th hai cho Paint trn mn hnh nn vi tn l Ve Tranh, ni cha chng trnh Paint l %System%\System32\mspaint.exe. Nhy vo biu tng ng tt Soan Thao Van Ban trn Desktop m ca s Notepad, cc i ca s, son tho mt vn bn bt k v ghi vo a vi tn tp l Vidu1.txt. Nhy vo biu tng Ve Tranh trn Desktop m Paint, cc i ca s, v mt bc tranh ty v ghi vo a vi tn tp l Vidu2.bmp. Chuyn i lm vic gia hai ca s bng cc nt trn thanh Taskbar. Cc tiu c hai ca s v cc nt trn thanh Taskbar. Thit lp mn hnh nn: nhy nt phi chut trn Desktop, hin menu tt, chn Properties, hin hp thoi, chn lp Background, duyt xem cc nh nn trong khung Select a background picture, chn mt nh, OK. Thit lp mn hnh ch (mn hnh hin khi khng dng my tnh): nhy nt phi chut trn Desktop hin menu tt, chn Properties, hin hp thoi, chn lp Screen Saver, duyt xem qua cc mn hnh ch trong hp iu khin ko xung Screen Saver, chn mt mn hnh ch, trong mc Wait t l 5 pht, chn OK. Xem cc thng tin h thng: Dng lnh Start / Programs / Accessories / System Tools / System Information. Xem cc phng ch ci t trn my: dng lnh Start / Settings / Control Panel / Fonts. ng tt c cc ca s m. Thot khi Windows 2000 v tt my tnh. Bi 3: Thc hnh cc yu cu sau trn HH WINDOW Khi ng Windows Explorer, trong khung bn tri ca ca s hy nhy vo cc th mc c du cng (+) xem ton b cy th mc ca a cng C. 21

Chng 2: H iu hnh Trong khung bn tri chn a C, duyt qua 5 cch xem cc tp trong khung bn phi bng lnh View / Details, List, Large Icons, Small Icons, Thumbnails. To cy th mc sau t th mc gc C:
C:\ Thc hnh Bo co Qu 1 Thng Mt.txt Thng Hai.txt Thng Ba.txt Bo co Qu II Bo co Qu III

Sao chp hai tp Thang Mot.txt v Thang hai.txt sang th mc Bao cao Quy II. Di chuyn tp Thang ba.txt sang th mc Bao cao Quy III. Kim tra vic thc hin. Xa th mc thc hnh cng vi cc th mc con. ng ca s Windows Explorer. Bi 4. Khi ng Paint v bc tranh bt k lu vo tp tranh.bmp V ch k ca bn v ghi tp vo a vi tn l Bai3.bmp.

22

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng

Chng 3: CC PHN MM NG DNG THNG DNG

3.1. GII THIU

Chng ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc sau: Cc k nng c bn trong vic s dng phn mm ng dng son tho vn bn Word. Cc thao tc c bn trong vic s dng v thc hin cc hm ca bng tnh Excel cng nh cch chn hnh nh, biu bng tnh. Cc cch c bn to ra mt trnh din bo co bng POWERPOINT, thit lp cch hin th ca cc Slide cng mt s cng c ph tr. Khi nim v VIRUS tin hc v cch phng chng VIRUS. 3.2. TM TT CHNG III
3.2.1. Chng trnh son tho vn bn WORD 3.2.1.1. Cc thao tc son tho c bn

Son tho vn bn bng ting Vit: Trong Windows 2000 dng b m Unicode version 2 (m hai byte) v c nhiu font cho php hin th ting Vit c du nh Times New Roman, Arial, Tahoma, Courier New. Mun to vn bn ting Vit ta cn mt chng trnh bn phm ting Vit g ting Vit, c th dng VietKey. 3.2.1.2. Cc thao tc nh dng vn bn a. nh dng k t - nh dng bng hp thoi Font i vi mt on vn bn, ta c th nh dng li n theo font mi, c mi, kiu mi. Trc tin hy chn khi vn bn cn nh dng li, dng lnh Format / Font, xut hin hp thoi Font. b. nh dng Paragraph Chc nng ny cho php thay i cch hin th ca mt on vn bn. Chn on vn bn, dng lnh Format / Paragraph, xut hin hp thoi sau gm hai lp: Indents and Spacing, Line and Page Breaks. 23

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng 3.2.1.3. nh dng trang v in n a. Chn c giy v t l Trc khi bt tay vo son tho mt vn bn ta phi chn c giy nh in v t l cho trang in bng lnh File / Page Setup, xut hin hp thoi Page Setup b. In vn bn Mun in vn bn dng lnh File / Print (hoc nhy chut vo nt Print trn thanh Standard) 3.2.1.4. Chn hnh nh v cng thc ton - Chn thm cc k t c bit chn thm mt k t c bit (v d ), thc hin theo trnh t nh sau: a con tr vn bn n ni cn chn, dng lnh Insert / Symbol - nh cng thc ton - Equation Trc tin ta t con tr nhp vo ch nh chn cng thc, dng lnh Insert / Object, hin hp thoi Object, chn lp Create New, nhy p chut vo mc Microsoft Equation 3.0. Khi ti im chn xut hin khung nhp cng thc v ca s nh Equation - Chn tp nh vo vn bn ang son Dng lnh Insert / Picture / From FileTo cc dng ch ngh thut nh WordArt 3.2.2. Bng tnh EXCEL 2000 3.2.2.1. nh dng d liu s: Dng trnh by li vng bng tnh nh chn kiu th hin s liu, chn n v tnh thch hp, thay i kiu ch, c ch, nhn mnh ni dung s liu quan trng 3.2.2.2. nh dng d liu ch: D liu ch nhp trong cc c th nh dng li theo cc thnh phn: Font (nt ch), Font Style (nghing, m,...), Size (kch thc ch), Color (mu ca ch). Cc bc thc hin nh dng k t: chn vng d liu nh dng, thc hin lnh Format / Cells, xut hin hp thoi Format Cells, chn lp Font (cc mc cng ging nh trong Word 2000), chn Font, Font Style, Size, Underline, Color thch hp cho ch. 24

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng 3.2.2.3. S dng cng thc,cc hm: Excel c mt s hm mu (Function Wizard) dng tin li v n gin, v d cng thc =A3+A4+A5+A6+A7 c th thay bng hm SUM (A3:A7). Dng thc tng qut ca hm: =<Tn hm>(Danh sch i s) Cc hm s hc ABS (N), SQRT (N), INT (N), PI (), MOD (N,M), ROUND (biu_thc_s, n), SUM (danh sch cc tr), AVERAGE (danh sch cc tr), MAX (danh sch cc tr), MIN (danh sch cc tr), COUNTA (danh sch cc tr), COUNT (danh sch cc tr), RANK (x, danh sch) Cc hm ngy thng DAY (d liu kiu ngy), MONTH (d liu kiu ngy), YEAR (d liu kiu ngy) Cc hm logic IF (biu thc logic, biu thc 1, biu thc 2): nu biu thc logic l ng th hm cho gi tr l <biu thc 1>, tri li cho gi tr l <biu thc 2>. Cc biu thc 1 v biu thc 2 cng c th l nhng hng tr, biu thc (chui, s, logic) v cng c th l mt hm IF khc. AND (iu kin 1, iu kin 2, ...), OR (iu khin 1, iu kin 2, ...), NOT (iu kin) Cc hm x l chui LEFT(TEXT,N), RIGHT(TEXT,N), LEN(TEXT), LOWER(TEXT), UPPER (TEXT), PROPER(TEXT) Cc hm tm kim VLOOKUP (x, Bng, Ct tham chiu, Cch d),HLOOKUP(x, Bng, Hng tham chiu, Cch d). 3.2.3. Phn mm trnh din POWERPOINT 2000 PowerPoint dng to mt trnh din (Presentation) gy n tng cho mt bi ni trc ng o ngi nghe trong mt hi ngh, mt bui bo v lun n. Cch dng h thng menu, dng cc thanh cng c Standard v Formatting, dng Office Assistant v nhn tr gip, chn cc i tng ha 25

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng v hnh nh, chn Table trong PowerPoint c thc hin ging nh trong Word. Ta c th d dng sao chp vn bn trong Word v cc biu trong Excel vo trong PowerPoint. 3.2.3.1. To trnh din da trn Slide trng Cc bc to mt trnh din t u: Bc 1: Dng lnh File / New, hin hp thoi New Presentation: Bc 2: G tiu ca Slide v ni dung ca n. Chn mt slide trng mi: nhy nt Common Tasks trn thanh Formatting, hin menu dc, chn mc New Slide (hoc dng lnh Insert / New Slide, hay Ctrl+M), xut hin li hp thoi New Slide, chn mt mu slide, b xung ni dung cho n. Bc 3: Xem cch hin th slide ang thit k: nhy nt Slide Show gc tri bn di ca s PowerPoint. Trong lc xem khi nhy nt phi chut vo mn hnh, xut hin menu tt gm cc mc: End Show (kt thc xem), Next (xem trang tip), Previous (li v trang trc). Bc 4: Ghi tp vo a dng lnh File / Save. 3.2.3.2. In cc slide v cc ch gii ra giy Dng lnh File / Print, xut hin hp thoi Print, trong mc Print What hy la chn i tng cn in. 3.2.4. Virus tin hc Virus tin hc hay cn gi l virus my tnh (computer virus) l mt on chng trnh n, c kch thc nh, c kh nng t sao chp, sinh si ny n nh mt virus sinh hc, ly lan nhanh v c th gy nguy c ph hoi cc phn mm h ca h iu hnh, xa mt phn hay ton b cc tp tin d liu, to ra cc tp tin v ngha chim ly khng gian b nh ca my, hoc ch n thun tru chc hay e da sung ngi s dng. 3.3. CU HI V BI TP Phn Word I. Cu hi 1. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, nu mun ghi d liu vo 1 tp th ta chn File trn thanh Menu sau chn: New Save 26

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng Open Edit 2. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, nu mun m 1 tp th ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: New Save Open Edit 3. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, mun sao chp mt khi ta phi chn khi mun sao chp sau chn: Edit ri tip tc chn : Copy Cut Insert Select all 4. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, mun di chuyn mt khi ta phi chn khi mun sao chp sau chn: Edit ri tip tc chn : Copy Cut Insert Save 5. Sau khi thc hin cu 7 hoc cu 8 mun dn vn bn vo v tr con tr ang ng ta chn Edit ri chn: Paste Cut Insert Select all 6. Khi ang son tho, mun nh dng nhanh bng thanh cng c ta dng thanh cng c: Formatting Standard 27

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng Autotext Clipboad 7. Khi mun nh dng k t cho mt on vn bn c chn ta chn Format sau chn : Font Paragraph Tab Drop Tab 8. Mun thay i mu nn hoc to khung cho mt on vn bn c chn ta chn Format sau d chn: Borders and Shading Tab Stop Font Clipboad 9. Trc khi in ta phi chn c giy nh in bng cch chn file, chn Page Setup, ri tip tc chn: Paper size Margins Page break Normal view 10. Trc khi in nu ta mun t l cho trang in trc ht ta lm bng cch chn file, chn Page Setup, ri tip tc chn: Layout Margins Page break Normal view 11. Mun chn vo cng thc ton hc th ta chn Insert, chn Object, chn Creat new ri tip tc chn: Microsoft Equation Media Clip 28

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng Bitmap Image Symbole 12. Mun in tt c cc trang trong vn bn trc ht ta lm bng cch chn File, chn Print trong vng Page range chn All Curent page Pages Selection II. Bi thc hnh Bi thc hnh 1 1.Vo Word, m tp ThucHanh1.doc, son tho Bng lng sau: BNG LNG TRNG HDL CU LONG
STT H v tn n v Lng Ph cp Tng s

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

L M Linh Nguyn Anh Sn L Th Dip Bi Th Phng Trn Bnh Minh inh Vn Quang L Phng Nam Lu Huyn c Nng c Bnh Tng cng

Du Lch CNTT Kinh T CNTT Du Lch CNTT Kinh T Kinh T Du Lch

2910000 2850000 4800000 4870000 3000000 2950000 3820000 2200000 3700000

350000 240000 220000 260000 270000 250000 350000 300000 400000

2. Tnh ct Tng s pha bn phi Bng, tnh hng Tng cng pha di Bng cho cc ct s. nh du khi ton b bng v sao chp thm 3 bng na, gi l Bng 2, Bng 3 v Bng 4. Sp xp Bng 2 theo ct Tng s gim dn. Sp xp bng 3 theo ct H v tn tng dn. Sp xp Bng 4 theo ct n v tng dn. 29

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng Bi thc hnh 2 Vo Word, m mt tp mi c tn l ThucHanh2.doc v son tho on vn bn bt k cng vi nh ly t Clip Art: Bi thc hnh 3 Vo Word, tomt tp mi c tn l ThucHanh3.doc v son tho, v s sau: V s sau ca mt qu trnh iu khin:
Ch th iu khin iu khin trc tip i tng iu khin Vo Nhiu Thng tin phn hi

Ra

Bi thc hnh 4. Vo Word v m tp mi c tn l ThucHanh4.doc. G on vn bn sau:

k ||x(k) - x*|| ||x(k) - x(k-1)|| ||x(1) - x(0)||)
1

A=

a11 a 21 . a n1

a12 a 22 . an2

... a1n ... a 2 n ... . ... a nn

Phn Excel I. Cu hi 18. Khi ang trn bng tnh Excel, nu mun ghi d liu vo 1 tp th ta chn File trn thanh Menu sau chn: New 30

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng Save Open Edit 19. Khi ang lm vic trn bng tnh Excel, nu mun m 1 tp khc th ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: New Save Open Edit 20. Mt trong excel ch cha mt kiu d liu . Hy lit k cc kiu d liu c bn trong excel: .. . .. 21. Mun xa d liu trong mt vng no th trc ht ta phi la chn vng cn xa, sau g phm Insert Enter Del End 22. Mun sao chp liu t vng ngun sang mt vng ch th trc ht ta phi la chn vng ngun, sau chn Edit, ri tip tc chn Copy Cut Cancel Select 31

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng 23. Sau khi lm cu 22, mun dn d liu vo vng ch, ta phi di chuyn con tr vo n v tr ca gc trn bn tri ca vng ch ri chn Edit, chn: Copy Cut Select Paste 24. Mun chn dy s t ng vo mt hng hay mt ct th trc ht g gi tr bt u vo u tin, chn vng cn in s, thc hin lnh Edit chn, chn fill, chn: Series Left Up Open 25. Khi mun in d liu kiu cng thc hoc mt hm vo mt th ta phi g du g trc cng thc, hm: ? = * 26. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm gi tr tuyt i ca biu thc s N ABS(N) INT (N) PI() MIN(N,M) 27. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cn bc hai ca s N SQRT(N) INT (N) 32

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng ABS(N) MIN(N,M) 28. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm tnh tng ca cc gi tr c trong danh sch MIN(Danh sch cc tr) SUM(Danh sch cc tr) ABS(N) MAX(Danh sch cc tr) 29. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm tm gi tr nh nht ca cc gi tr c trong danh sch MIN(Danh sch cc tr) SUM(Danh sch cc tr) ABS(N) MAX(Danh sch cc tr) 30. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm tm gi tr ln nht ca cc gi tr c trong danh sch MIN(Danh sch cc tr) SUM(Danh sch cc tr) AVERAGE(Danh sch cc tr) MAX(Danh sch cc tr) 31. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cho phn d ca php chia nguyn N cho M MOD(N,M) SUM(Danh sch cc tr) ABS(N) PI() 32. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cho gi tr thng ca d liu kiu ngy DAY(d liu kiu ngy) 33

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng YEAR(d liu kiu ngy) MONTH (d liu kiu ngy) AND() 33. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cho gi tr nm ca d liu kiu ngy DAY(d liu kiu ngy) YEAR(d liu kiu ngy) MONTH (d liu kiu ngy) AND() 34. Hm no trong cc hm sau y l hm cho di ca chui TEXT LOWER(TEXT UPPER(TEXT) PROPER(TEXT) LEN(TEXT II. Bi tp thc hnh Bi thc hnh 6 (Excel): Hy nhp d liu cho mt ha n bn hng nh sau:
A 1 2 3 4 5 6 STT 1 2 ... ... Tng cng ......... .......... Tn sch Tin hc Chnh tr 12 10 B C HA N S lng n gi 30000 20000 Thnh tin .......... .......... D E

- Ct thnh tin c tnh bng cng thc: Thnh tin= n gi * S lng - Tnh tng cng s lng sch trong ha n - Tnh tng cng S tin c trong ha n 34

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng - Sp xp d liu theo chiu tng dn ca Tn sch Bi thc hnh 7: - Dng Excel to ra mt tp bangdiem.xls vi ni dung nh sau BNG IM NM HC 2004

STT

H TN

TING ANH TRIT HC TIN HC

IM TB

XP LOI

H s mn 3 hc 1 2 3 ...

- Nhp s liu cho bng tnh trn, vi im trung bnh c tnh theo h s mn hc ( pha di tn mn) v in vo ct xp loi theo quy nh: im trung bnh>=8.0 t loi gii 6.5=< im trung bnh<8.0, t loi Kh 5.0=< im trung bnh<6.5, t loi Trung bnh im trung bnh<5.0, t loi Km Bi thc hnh 8: Nhp d liu cho bng tnh thu nhp ca mt ca hng kinh doanh v tin hc t nm 2000-2003 nh sau: A 1 2 3 4 5 Nm 2000 2001 2002 2003 B Phn cng 500000000 570000000 600000000 650000000 C Phn mm 97000000 80000000 100000000 121000000 35

Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng - Hy to biu v thu nhp ca phn cng theo tng nm - Hy to biu v thu nhp ca phn mm theo tng nm Phn POWERPOINT I. Cu hi 35. In ra cc slide gm c phn dng ghi ch ra giy bng cch no? Trong hp thoi Print, chn Handouts v chn s slide trong mt trang (Slides per page) l 3. Trong hp thoi Print, chn Handouts v s slide trong mt trang, sau chn Include comment pages. Trong hp thoi Print, chn Notes Pages thay v chn Handouts. 36. Bng cch no hin th i tng ca slide sao cho sinh ng, hp dn ngi xem? II. Bi thc hnh Bi thc hnh 9 (Power Point). Lp cc Silde gii thiu v bn thn. Slide 1: tiu Gii thiu bn thn, h tn, ngy sinh, qu qun, dn tc, a ch ni , s in thoi. Slide 2: tiu Qu trnh hc tp, ph thng c s, ph thng trung hc, i hc, cao hc. Slide 3: tiu Qu trnh cng tc, cc ni cng tc. Slide 4: tiu Hon cnh gia nh, h tn b m, anh ch em rut.

36

Chng 4: Ngn ng lp trnh C

0 Chng 4: NGN NG LP TRNH C

4.1. GII THIU

Ni dung Chng ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc sau: - Mt s kin thc c s v ngn ng lp trnh C - Cu lnh, cc cu trc lnh iu khin - Hm v phm vi hot ng ca bin - Kiu d liu c cu trc: Kiu mng, kiu xu k t Mc ch, yu cu: Nhm cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc tng quan v c bn v ngn ng lp trnh C. Qua hc vin c th nm c cc khi nim c bn v lp trnh v thit lp c mt s chng trnh n gin phc v cho khoa hc k thut v c bit l lm cng c phc v cho cc mn hc v tin hc v vin thng m cc bn sp hc. 4.2. TM TT CHNG IV
4.2.1. Cc bc c bn khi vit chng trnh

Bc 1: Son tho chng trnh (dng Turbo C) Bc 2: Dch v hiu chnh chng trnh (dng turbo c) Bc 3: Thc hin chng trnh 4.2.2. Qu trnh thc hin cc chng trnh trong C Thc hin trnh son tho ca Turbo C l TC.EXE, thng thng c t trong th mc C:\TC\BIN. Dch chng trnh bng cch n phm F9, sau sa li nu c thng bo Dch v thc hin chng trnh ch cn bm t hp phm CTRL + F9, sau sa li nu c thng bo C th xem kt qu bng cch n t hp ALT+F5 37

Chng 4: Ngn ng lp trnh C 4.2.3. Cc kiu c s d liu Mt kiu d liu (Data Type) c hiu l tp hp cc gi tr m mt bin thuc kiu c th nhn c lm gi tr ca bin cng vi cc php ton trn n. Cc kiu d liu c s trong C bao gm kiu cc s nguyn (int, long ), kiu s thc ( float, double), kiu k t (char). Sau y l bng cc gi tr c th ca cc kiu d liu c bn ca C: Kiu char int long unsigned int unsigned long float double Min xc nh 0.. 255 -32767 . . 32767 -2147483648..2147483647 0 . . 65535 0.. 2147483647*2=4294967295 3. 4e-38 . . 3.4e + 38 1.7e-308 . . 1.7e + 308 Kch thc 1 byte 2 byte 4 byte 2 byte 4 byte 4 byte 8 byte

4.2.4. Th tc Vo/ra chun Th tc vo ra chun l cc hm c thit lp sn trong th vin vo ra chun (stdio.h) dng a ra hoc nhp vo gi tr ca cc bin Mt s hm vo ra chun hay s dng nh: Vo ra bng getchar(), putchar() In ra theo khun dng - printf Nhp vo c khun dng - scanf 4.2.5. Thm nhp vo th vin chun Mi tp gc c tham tr ti hm th vin chun u phi cha dng khai bo #include< tn_tp_th_vin > 4.2.6. Bin, hng, cu lnh - Bin: Bin l mt i lng c gi tr thay i trong khi thc hin chng trnh. Mi bin c mt tn v mt a ch ca vng nh dnh ring cho bin. Mi bin u phi khai bo trc khi s dng n. Qui tc khai bo mt bin c thc hin nh sau: 38

Chng 4: Ngn ng lp trnh C Tn_kiu_d_liu tn_bin; trong trng hp c nhiu bin c cng kiu, chng ta c th khai bo chung trn mt dng trong mi bin c phn bit vi nhau bi mt du phy v c th gn gi tr ban u bin trong khi khai bo. - Hng: Hng l i lng m gi tr ca n khng thay i trong thi gian thc hin chng trnh. C s dng ch th #define nh ngha cc hng. - Cu lnh: L phn xc nh cng vic m chng trnh phi thc hin x l cc d liu c m t v khai bo. Trong C cc cu lnh cch nhau bi du chm phy. cu lnh c chia ra lm hai loi: L cu lnh n gin v cu lnh c cu trc Cu lnh n gin l lnh khng cha cc lnh khc, l php gn, lnh gi hm void Cu lnh c cu trc:Bao gm nhiu lnh n gin v c khi c c lnh cu trc khc bn trong ghp li vi nhau . Cc lnh loi ny nh : + Cu trc lnh khi (lnh ghp) + Lnh if + Lnh switch + Cc lnh lp: for, while, do while 4.2.7. Hm Hm (function) hay ni ng hn l chng trnh con (sub_program) chia ct cc nhim v tnh ton ln thnh cc cng vic nh hn v c th s n mi lc trong chng trnh, ng thi hm cng c th c cung cp cho nhiu ngi khc s dng di dng th vin m khng cn phi bt u xy dng li t u. Cc hm thch hp cn c th che du nhng chi tit thc hin i vi cc phn khc trong chng trnh, v nhng phn ny khng cn bit hm thc hin nh th no. - Khai bo, thit k hm Mi hm trong C d l nh nht cng phi c thit k theo nguyn tc sau: Kiu_hm Tn_hm ( Kiu_1 bin_1, Kiu_2 bin_2, . . .) {Khai bo bin cc b trong hm; Cu_lnh_hoc_dy_cu_lnh; return(gi_tr); } 39

Chng 4: Ngn ng lp trnh C Trc khi s dng hm cn phi khai bo nguyn mu cho hm (function prototype) v hm phi ph hp vi nguyn mu ca chnh n. Nguyn mu ca hm thng c khai bo phn u chng trnh theo c php nh sau: Kiu_hm Tn_hm ( Kiu_1, Kiu_2 , . . .); - Phng php truyn tham bin cho hm: Tn_hm ( tham bin 1 ,tham bin 2, . . .); C ch truyn cho hm theo a ch ca bin c gi l phng php truyn tham bin cho hm. . Nu hm c truyn theo tham bin th ni dung ca bin s b thay i sau khi thc hin hm. C ch truyn gi tr ca bin cho hm c gi l phng php truyn theo tham tr. Nu hm c truyn theo tham tr th ni dung ca bin s khng b thay i sau khi thc hin hm. 4.2.8. Mng Mng l mt tp c nh cc phn t cng c chung mt kiu d liu vi cc thao tc to lp mng (create), tm kim mt phn t ca mng (retrieve), lu tr mng (store). Ngoi gi tr, mi phn t ca mng cn c c trng bi ch s ca n (index) th hin th t ca phn t trong mng. Khng c cc thao tc b sung thm phn t hoc loi b phn t ca mng v s phn t trong mng l c nh. Mt mng gm n phn t m mi phn t ca n li l mt mng k - 1 chiu th n c gi l mng k chiu. S phn t ca mng k chiu l tch s gia s cc phn t ca mi mng mt chiu. Khai bo mmg mt chiu c thc hin theo qui tc nh sau: Tn_kiu Tn_bin[S_phn t]; Cu trc lu tr ca mng: Mng c t chc trong b nh nh mt vector, mi thnh phn ca vector c tng ng vi mt nh c kch c ng bng kch c ca kiu phn t v c lu tr k tip nhau. Nu chng ta c khai bo mng gm n phn t th phn t u tin l phn t th 0 v phn t cui cng l phn t th n - 1, ng thi mng c cp pht mt vng khng gian nh lin tc c s byte c tnh theo cng thc: Kch_c_mng = ( S_phn_t * sizeof (kiu_phn_t). Truy nhp vo tng phn t ca mng: Tn _bin[i], vi i l ch s phn t trong mng 40

Chng 4: Ngn ng lp trnh C - Xu k t l mt mng trong mi phn t ca n l mt k t, k t cui cng ca xu c dng lm k t kt thc xu. K t kt thc xu c ngn ng C qui nh l k t '\0', k t ny c m l 0 (NULL) trong bng m ASCII. 4.3. CU HI V BI TP 1. Gi s c khai bo nh sau: int n=10;p=4; long q=2; float x=1.75; Hy cho bit gi tr ca mi biu thc sau: n+q n+x n%p+q 2. Cho on chng trnh int x=5; float y=9.0 float z; z=y/x Hy chn kt qu ng ca bit gi tr ca z: 1 1.8 2 Khng cu no trn l ng 3. Hy chn kt qu ca php tnh: 23%3: 1 2 3 4 4. Hy cho bit kt qu ca on chng trnh sau: #include<stdio.h> main() 41

Chng 4: Ngn ng lp trnh C { int n=20,p=10,q=5,t; t=n+p; printf("n=%d p=%d t=%d",n,p,t); n+=p; t-=n; printf("n=%d t=%d",n,t); } Bi tp: Hy vit cc chng trnh 1. Hin cu cho 2. Hin cu cho v ch nhn phm mi kt thc 3. Nhp 2 s nguyn, tnh tng, hiu, tch, thng ca 2 s nguyn 4. Nhp 2 s thc, tnh tng, hiu, tch, thng ca 2 s thc 5. Nhp 3 s thc, tm max ca chng 6. Lt k cc s nguyn t khng ln hn s n cho trc 7. Lit k cc s nguyn t t m n n 8. Tm c s chung ln nht ca 2 s bt k nhp vo t bn phm 9. Chuyn i 1 s nguyn thp phn sang dng nh phn 10. o mt chui k t 11. Tm s ln nht trong dy s thc 12. Tm xem 1 s thc x c xut hin trong dy s thc hay khng 13. Tnh gi tr ca a thc bc n theo phng php Horner 14. Loi tr cc du cch tha trong chui k t (ch li mt du cch) 15. m s ch trong xu k t 16. Tnh s thc cng thc 17. Nhp ma trn A, ma trn B cp nxn, sau hy hin th ra mn hnh ma trn C l ma trn tng ca hai ma trn trn, ma trn D l tch ca hai ma trn trn.

42

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS

0 Chng 5: H QUN TR C S D LIU ACCESS

5.1. GII THIU

Chng ny cung cp cho sinh vin cc kin thc sau: Tng quan v h qun tr c s d liu Gii thiu v h qun tr c s d liu Access Cc kin thc c bn trong vic to lp c s d liu ca Access, thit k xy dng bng (Table), mu biu (Form), truy vn (Query), Bo biu (Report) 5.2. TM TT CHNG 5
5.2.1. Tng quan v h qun tr CSDL

H qun tr CSDL l h thng phn mm iu khin ton b cc chin lc truy nhp CSDL Cc chc nng c bn ca h qun tr CSDL bao gm To ra v duy tr cu trc d liu Cp nht d liu Lu tr d liu Tm kim v x l cc d liu lu tr Cho php nhiu ngi dng truy xut ng thi H tr tnh bo mt v ring t Cung cp mt c ch ch mc (index) hiu qu ly nhanh cc d liu la chn. Bo v d liu khi mt mt bng cc qu trnh sao lu (backup) v phc hi (recovery). Hin nay c mt s h qun tr CSDL quan h c s dng rng ri trn th trng nh Oracle, Informix, Sybase, Foxpro, Access,.. 43

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS 5.2.2. H qun tr CSDL Access Access l h qun tr CSDL,v vy bn c th dng M.ACCES qun l cc thng tin trong CSDL. Trong mt file Access, cc d liu c chia vo cc bng ring bit, gi l bng; Vic xem, thm hay cp nht d liu thc hin bng cc ca s nhp liu, gi l biu mu - form; Vic tm kim v x l cc thng tin c chn lc thc hin bng cc truy vn - query; Vic phn tch v in d liu theo mt khun mu thit k trc s dng n cc bo biu - report; cho php ngi dng xem, sa, phn tch cc thng tin ca c s d liu t Internet hoc Intranet bng cc trang truy cp d liu, data access pages. 5.2.3. Quy trnh thit k mt CSDL Trc khi bt tay vo xy dng cc bng, biu mu, cc bo biu v cc thnh phn khc ca mt CSDL, ta cn phi b thi gian thit k chi tit. Cc bc c bn thit k mt CSDL l: 1. Xc nh mc ch ca CSDL: CSDL dng lu tr thng tin g, cn rt ra nhng thng tin g t CSDL. 2. Xc nh cc bng d liu - bng - cn c trong CSDL: mt Bng khng c cha d liu trng lp, v thng tin cng khng nn b trng lp gia cc bng. Mi mt bng ch nn cha thng tin lin quan n mt ch . 3. Xc nh cc trng d liu - field - cn c trong mi bng d liu: Mi bng cha thng tin v cng mt ch th, mi field ca mt bng li cha cc thng tin ring bit v ch th . Ta ch nn ghi nhn cc thng tin cn thit t thc t, khng nn c cc trng tnh ton - calculated field. Lu tr thng tin di dng chi tit nht c th (v d: H, Tn ch khng nn H v Tn). 4. Xc nh cc trng cha gi tr duy nht mi bn ghi: Access kt ni c cc thng tin lu tr trong cc bng ring bit. v d: kt ni cc khch hng vi n t hng ca ngi .Mi bng cn phi c mt trng hoc mt nhm cc trng cha gi tr duy nht dng phn bit gia cc bn ghi trong mt bng. Mt trng nh vy gi l trng kho - Primary key. 5. Xc nh cc mi quan h gia cc bng: Ta ch ra cho Access cch tm kim v a cc thng tin lin quan li tp hp vi nhau. 6. Tinh chnh thit k: Sau khi thit k, ta cn vn hnh th nghim CSDL m bo cc chc nng cn c u thc hin sun s ng nh mong i. Nu pht hin nhng thng tin g khng cn thit th ta nn loi b trnh s cng knh. 44

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS 7. Nhp d liu v to cc i tng CSDL: Khi hi lng vi cu trc cc bng biu v cc mi lin kt l lc phi nhp liu. Da trn d liu nhp ta c th d dng xy dng cc biu mu, bo biu, truy vn phc v cng tc x l u vo v u ra thng tin. 8. S dng cng c phn tch ca Access: Access cung cp cng c Bng Analyzer Wizard gip ngi dng phn tch thit k c v chnh sa chng. 5.3. CU HI V BI TP CHNG 5 Cu hi 1.Tp CSDL ca ACCESS c ui (phn m rng ) l: dbf mdb xls 2. Khi bt u vo lm vic vi M.Acces, nu mun thit lp mt CSDL mi. Ta chn: Blank Database Open an Existing Database 3. Khi bt u khi ng.M.Access, nu mun m 1 tp CSDL c ra xem, sa. Ta chn: Blank Wizard Open an Existing Database 4. i tng no l i tng nm trong tp CSDL ca Acces Table, Query Form, Macro Report, Module C 3 nhm trn 5. Ca s Database bao gm cc nt no: Cc nt i tng: Bng, Query, Form, Report, Macro. Moduls Cc nt hnh ng (Open, Design, New) C hai nhm nt trn 45

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS 6. Trong ca s Database nt hnh ng Open dng : M 1 i tng ng 1 i tng To 1 i tng mi 7. Trong ca s Database nt hnh ng New dng : M 1 i tng ng 1 i tng To 1 i tng mi 8. Trong ca s Database nt hnh ng Design dng : Chnh sa thit k 1 i tng ng 1 i tng To 1 i tng mi 9. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun to ra mt tp CSDL mi khc ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: New Open Close 10. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun m 1 tp CSDL khc ( c) ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: New Open Save as 11. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun ng tp CSDL ang c m ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: Save Open Close 46

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS 12. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun thot ra khi M.Acces tr v h iu hnh Windows ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: Close Open Exit 13. Mt tp CSDL ca M.Access gm c: 1 bng Nhiu bng 2 bng 14. Mt tp CSDL ca M.Access gm c: 1 Query 2 Query Nhiu Query 15. Trong ca s database mun to bng mi ta chn Table (Bng) sau chn: New Design Open Creat 16. Trong ca s database mun m 1 bng ch nhp liu ta chn Table (Bng) sau chn tn bng cn m ri chn tip: New Design Open Use 17. Trong ca s database mun chnh sa li cu trc ca bng (v d thm 1 trng mi vo bng) ta chn Table (Bng) sau chn tn bng cn chnh ri chn tip: New 47

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS Design Open print 18. Khi to bng, mun nhp tn trng ta chn ct: Field name Data type Properties Edit 19. Khi to bng, mun ch nh kiu d liu cho trng th trn hng ca trng ta chn ct: Field name Data type Insert 20. Khi to kho chnh cho trng th trc ht ta chn trng , sau chn insert trn thanh menu ri tip tc chn: select all primary key copy cut 21. Khi to bng d liu, ta mun khai bo mt trng c kiu s th trn ct Data Type ti dng tng ng ca trng ta chn: Number Text Date/time Yes/no 22. Khi to bng d liu, ta mun khai bo mt trng c kiu i tng hnh nh th trn ct Data Type ti dng tng ng ca trng ta chn: OLE Object Text 48

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS Hyperlink Currency 23. Mun xy dng lin kt gia cc bng c lin quan th ta phi: thm cc bng c lin quan vo ca s? Relationships window Database file open 24. Trong ca s Database mun to 1 query mi ta chn Query sau chn: New Design Open file 25. Trong ca s Database mun chnh sa 1 query ta chn Query sau chn tn query cn sa ri chn tip: save New Design Open 26. Trong ca s Database mun thc hin 1 query ta chn Query sau chn tn query thc hin ri chn tip: save as New Design Open 27. Truy vn no trong cc truy vn sau l truy vn xa: Delete query Open query 49

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS Append query Make-table query 28. Truy vn no trong cc truy vn sau l truy vn b sung Insert query Update query Append query Make-table query 29. Truy vn no trong cc truy vn sau l truy vn to Bng: New query Bng query Append query Make-table query 30. Mun to mi form bng wizard trc ht trong ca s Database, chn Forms, nhn New. Trong hp thoi New Form chn: Form wizard Design view Datasheet Bng 31. Mun thit k form theo nhu cu trc ht trong ca s Database, chn Forms, chn New. Trong hp thoi New Form sau ta tip tc chn: Form wizard Design view Datasheet Bng 32. Mun to mi mt bo biu trc ht ti ca s Database ta chn: Bng Form Report Module 50

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS 33. Sau khi thc hin xong cu 32 mun to Report ch Wizard ta chn: Design View Report Wizard AutoReport: tabular Bi tp thc hnh Xy dng chng trnh qun l sinh vin Yu cu v giao din: Sau khi thc hin xong bi tp ny bn s c mt chng trnh qun l tuy rt nh, gn nhng c y cc chc nng: Nhp, xem d liu, thc hin cc chc nng tm kim, xa bn ghi, in cc bo co. Khi chy chng trnh ta s thy mn hnh nh sau:

- Cc nt lnh trn bng chn c cc chc nng nh sau: - Khi nhn vo nt "Thot khi Access" th s thot khi Access v tr v Windows - Khi nhn vo nt "V ca s Database" th thot khi bng chn, tr v ca s Database ca Access. T ca s ny ta c th to mi, sa i cc i tng. - Khi nhn vo nt "Nhp danh sch khoa" ta thy ca s sau xut hin:

51

Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS

- Trn ca s ny ta c th nhp s liu cho danh sch khoa: thm mi, xa, tm kim... - Khi nhn vo nt "Nhp danh sch sinh vin" ta thy xut hin ca s:

- Khi nhn vo nt "Danh sch khoa" trong phn "Xem v in bo co", ta thy xut hin danh sch khoa trn mn hnh v c th in danh sch ny khi nhn vo biu tng my in. - Nhn vo nt "Danh sch sinh vin" trong phn bo co ta thy xut hin bng danh sch sinh vin v c th in tng t nh trn.

52

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

0 GI TR LI CU HI V BI TP
CHNG 1 Cu 1: Hy xc nh m nh phn no sau y l kt qu c chuyn i t m s thp phn 29.75(10) : c/ 11101.11(2) Cu 2: Hy xc nh m nh phn no sau y l kt qu c chuyn i t m s hexa-deximal 3C4(16) : b/ 001111000100(2) Cu 3: Hy xc nh kt qu ng ca php tnh cng 2 s nh phn 0101 + 1100 : b/ 10001 Cu 4: Hy xc nh kt qu ng ca php tnh nhn 2 s nh phn 0110 * 1011 : d/ 1000010 Cu 5: Trong phn cng my tnh, nhng thit b no sau y thuc nhm thit b u vo (Input) : d/ Tt c u ng Cu 6: Trong phn cng my tnh, nhng thit b no sau y thuc nhm thit b u ra (Output) : c/ Monitor, Plotter, Printer Cu 7: Phn mm AntiVirus c ci t trong my tnh thuc nhm phn mm no sau y a/ Phn mm ng dng Cu 8: H iu hnh mng no sau y cho php thc hin kiu mng ngang hng : a/ Windows 2000/NT Cu 9: H iu hnh mng no sau y cho php thc hin kiu mng Client/Server : d/ Tt c u ng 57

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

Cu 10: My tnh PC (Personal Computer) m chng ta ang s dng hin nay thuc phn loi my tnh no sau y. a/ Microcomputers Cu 11: Trong cu trc lin kt (Topology) mng my tnh cc b (LAN) c nhng kiu c bn no sau y : c/ Bus Topology, Star Topology v Ring Topology Cu 12: Hy xc nh thit b lin kt mng HUB hot ng tng no trong m hnh tham chiu OSI a/ Tng vt l Cu 13: Hy xc nh thit b lin kt mng Bridge hot ng tng no trong m hnh tham chiu OSI b/ Tng lin kt d liu Cu 14: Hy xc nh thit b lin kt mng Router hot ng tng no trong m hnh tham chiu OSI c/ Tng mng Cu 15: Giao thc no sau y c s dng chung trong tt c cc h iu hnh mng hin nay : b/ TCP/IP Cu 16: Giao thc no sau y c s dng dnh ring trong cc h iu hnh mng ca Microsoft : c/ NetBEUI Cu 17: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 80 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y a/ HTTP Cu 18: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 23 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y d/ TELNET Cu 19: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 25 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y c/ SMTP Cu 20: Theo gi tr mc nh ca IP, a ch cng 21 c gn s dng cho giao thc Internet no sau y b/ FTP 58

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

CHNG 2 Cu hi 1. Nu khi nim v h iu hnh: - Xem phn khi nim h iu hnh (HH) 2. Phn loi h iu hnh - Xem phn phn loi HH 3. H iu hnh no l HH n nhim? DOS 4. H iu hnh no l HH a nhim? WINDOWS 2000 5. Trong HH MS_DOS da h thng l a cha t nht nhng tp no? C 3 tp trn 6. nh ngha no l nh ngha tp tin: Tp tin l ni lu tr thng tin bao gm chng trnh, d liu, vn bn,... Mi tp tin c mt tn ring phn bit. Tn tp tin thng c 2 phn: phn tn (name) v phn m rng (extension). Phn tn l bt buc phi c ca mt tp tin, cn phn m rng th c th c hoc khng. 7. nh ngha no l nh ngha dng dn: L lnh ch dn l trnh cho php ta ( con tr) t th mc bt k c th n trc tip th mc cn truy xut. 8. Mun to mt th mc bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau? Md 9. Mun to mt tp bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Copy con 10. Mun to xa mt tp bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : del 11. Mun khi to a mi bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Format 59

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

12. Mun to a khi ng ti a A: bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Format A:/s 13. Mun xa mt th mc bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau : Rd 14. Mun i tn mt tp bng lnh ca MSDOS th ta dng lnh no trong cc lnh sau rename 15. Trong HH WINDOWS chng trnh ng dmg Control Panel dng : Ci t hay thay i cu hnh ca h thng 16. Windows Explorer l cng c tr gip, gip ta bit c: Ton b my tnh c nhng g, cho php xem ni dung ca my tnh nh mt h thng th bc hay cu trc hnh cy. Cho php xem ni dung mi a, mi th mc, bt k mt a no trong mng 17. Khi mun di chuyn d liu t vng ngun n vng ch, ta phi s dng cp lnh no trong cc cp lnh no di y? Cut,Paste 18. Khi mun copy d liu t vng ngun n vng ch, ta phi s dng lnh no trong cp lnh no di y? Copy,Paste Bi tp thc hnh Bi 1. Dng cc lnh c bn ca MSDOS thc hin nh MD,COPY CON, COPY, RENAME,CLS,TYPE,DATE, TIME, DEL,RD, Bi 2: Thc hnh cc yu cu trn HH WINDOW2000 1,2. - thc hnh cc thao tc theo yu cu ca , ch cch s dng chut, ng m ca s mn hnh v cc i tng, cc menu 3. - Ch cch to biu tng ng tt shortcut gi ti 1 tp bt k (xem phn mn hnh Desktop v cc biu tng) 4. - Ch phn ca s v cch iu khin ca s nh cc i, phng to, thu nh ca s. 60

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

5. 6. Xem k li phn mn hnh giao din, cch s dng chut 7. Xem li phn khi ng 1 chng trnh ng dng 8.Xem li phn Control Panel 9. k li phn iu khin ca s Bi 3: thc hnh cc yu cu ca bi ny chng ta xem xt li ni dung ca phn Window Explorer 1. Xa th mc thc hnh cng vi cc th mc con. ng ca s Windows Explorer. Bi 4. thc hin bi ny hy xem li phn Cng c Paint trong Window CHNG 3 Phn Word I. Cu hi 1. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, nu mun ghi d liu vo 1 tp th ta chn File trn thanh Menu sau chn: Save 2. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, nu mun m 1 tp th ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: Open 3. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, mun sao chp mt khi ta phi chn khi mun sao chp sau chn: Edit ri tip tc chn : Copy 7. Khi ang son tho trn phn mm Word, mun di chuyn mt khi ta phi chn khi mun sao chp sau chn: Edit ri tip tc chn : Cut 8. Sau khi thc hin cu 7 hoc cu 8 mun dn vn bn vo v tr con tr ang ng ta chn Edit ri chn: Paste 9. Khi ang son tho, mun nh dng nhanh bng thanh cng c ta dng thanh cng c: Formatting 10. Khi mun nh dng k t cho mt on vn bn c chn ta chn Format sau chn : Font 61

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

12. Mun thay i mu nn hoc to khung cho mt on vn bn c chn ta chn Format sau d chn: Borders and Shading 13. Trc khi in ta phi chn c giy nh in bng cch chn file, chn Page Setup, ri tip tc chn: Paper size 14. Trc khi in nu ta mun t l cho trang in trc ht ta lm bng cch chn file, chn Page Setup, ri tip tc chn: Margins 15. Mun chn vo cng thc ton hc th ta chn Insert, chn Object, chn Creat new ri tip tc chn: Microsoft Equation 16. Mun in tt c cc trang trong vn bn trc ht ta lm bng cch chn File, chn Print trong vng Page range chn All II. Bi thc hnh Bi thc hnh 1:Xem xt k phn Lp bng biu. c bit l cch to bng,sp xp d liu trn mt bng, tnh ton bng cc hm c sn hoc cc cng thc ton hc trong phn Formula ca bng (trn menu Table chn Formul) Bi thc hnh 2: Vo Word, to mt tp mi c tn l ThucHanh2.doc v son tho on vn bn bt k sau Click chut tri vo Insert clip Art trn thanh drawing Bi thc hnh 3 Vo Word,tomt tp mi c tn l ThucHanh3.doc v son tho c s dng cc nt chc nng v ca thanh Drawing Bi thc hnh 4. Vo Word v m tp mi c tn l ThucHanh4.doc. g on vn bn th ngoi vic son tho bnh thng ta phi bit cch chn - Cng thc ton hc trong Word(chn Insert, chn Object, chn Creat new, Microsoft Equation - Cc k t c bit ( Insert/symbol) - S dng cc mu hnh trong Autoshapes nh basic shapes - Ch s di, ch s trn 62

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

Phn Excel I. Cu hi 18. Khi ang trn bng tnh Excel, nu mun ghi d liu vo 1 tp th ta chn File trn thanh Menu sau chn: Save 19. Khi ang lm vic trn bng tnh Excel, nu mun m 1 tp th ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: Open 20. Cc kiu d liu c bn trong Excel l: Kiu s, kiu chui, kiu cng thc 21. Mun xa d liu trong mt vng no th trc ht ta phi la chn vng cn xa, sau g phm Del 22. Mun sao chp liu t vng ngun sang mt vng ch th trc ht ta phi la chn vng ngun, sau chn Edit, ri tip tc chn Copy 23. Sau khi lm cu 22, mun dn d liu vo vng ch, ta phi di chuyn con tr vo n v tr ca gc trn bn tri ca vng ch ri chn Edit, chn: Paste 24. Mun chn dy s t ng vo mt hng hay mt ct th trc ht g gi tr bt u vo u tin, chn vng cn in s, thc hin lnh Edit chn, chn fill, chn: Series 25. Khi mun in d liu kiu cng thc hoc mt hm vo mt th ta phi g du g trc cng thc, hm: = 26. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm gi tr tuyt i ca biu thc s N ABS(N) 27. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cn bc hai ca s N SQRT(N) 63

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

28. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm tnh tng ca cc gi tr c trong danh sch SUM(Danh sch cc tr) 29. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm tm gi tr nh nht ca cc gi tr c trong danh sch MIN(Danh sch cc tr) 30. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm tm gi tr ln nht ca cc gi tr c trong danh sch MAX(Danh sch cc tr) 31. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cho phn d ca php chia nguyn N cho M MOD(N,M) 32. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cho gi tr thng ca d liu kiu ngy MONTH (d liu kiu ngy) 33. Hm no trong cc hm di y l hm cho gi tr nm ca d liu kiu ngy YEAR (d liu kiu ngy) 34. Hm no trong cc hm sau y l hm cho di ca chui TEXT LEN (TEXT) II. Bi tp thc hnh Bi thc hnh 6 v 7 (Excel): lm 2 bi ny cn ch : - To mt tp mi (File\new) - Cch thc hin cc cng thc ton hc, cc hm c bn (Nh hm Sum,) , sp xp d liu trong Excel - To cc ng k theo vng chn. . Bi thc hnh 8: Phn POWERPOINT I. Cu hi 35. In ra cc slide gm c phn dng ghi ch ra giy cch no? Trong hp thoi Print, chn Notes Pages thay v chn Handouts. 64

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

36. Bng cch no hin th i tng ca slide sao cho sinh ng, hp dn ngi xem? Xem phn 3.3.3.2.(Lm cho vn bn v i tng ca slide tr nn sinh ng) II. Bi thc hnh Bi thc hnh 9 (Power Point): Xem k li phn Cch to ra cc Slide CHNG 4 Cu hi 1. Hy cho bit gi tr ca mi biu thc sau: n+q : kt qu l 12 n+x: kt qu l 11.75 n%p+q : kt qu l 4 2. Kt qu ng ca z:1.8 3. Kt qu ca php tnh: 23%3 l 2 4. Kt qu ca on chng trnh l: n=20 p=10 t=30 n=30 t=10 Bi tp 1. Hin cu cho //002CHAO1.cpp Hien cau chao tren man hinh #include <stdio.h> void main() {printf("\nTurbo C xin chao ban"); } 2. Hin cu cho v ch nhn phm mi kt thc //002CHAO2.CPP Xoa man hinh, hien cau chao, cho nhan phim #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() {clrscr(); 65

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

printf("Turbo C xin chao ban!"); getch(); } 3. Nhp 2 s nguyn, tnh tng, hiu, tch, thng ca 2 s nguyn //003AB1.CPP Nhap 2 so nguyen. Tinh tong, hieu, tich, thuong. #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() {clrscr(); int a,b,tong,tich,hieu,thuong; printf("\nNhap 2 so a,b = "); scanf("%d%d",&a,&b); tong=a+b;tich=a*b;hieu=a-b;thuong=a/b; printf("Tong cua 2 so %d va %d la %d",a,b,tong); //Hay in ra tich, hieu va thuong getch(); } 4. Nhp 2 s thc, tnh tng, hiu, tch, thng ca 2 s thc //003AB2.CPP Nhap 2 so thuc. Tinh tong, hieu, tich, thuong. #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() {clrscr(); float a,b,tong,tich,hieu,thuong; printf("\nNhap 2 so a,b = "); scanf("%f%f",&a,&b); tong=a+b;tich=a*b;hieu=a-b;thuong=a/b; printf("Tong cua 2 so %4.1f va %4.1f la %4.1f",a,b,tong); //Hay in ra tich, hieu va thuong getch(); } 66

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

5.Nhp 3 s thc, tm max ca chng //003ABC1.CPP Nhap 3 so thuc. Tim max cua chung. #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> void main() {clrscr(); float a,b,c,max; printf("\nNhap 3 so a,b,c = "); scanf("%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c); max=a; if(b>max) max=b; if(c>max) max=c; printf("Max cua 3 so %4.1f, %4.1f va %4.1f la %4.1f",a,b,c,max); //Hay tinh min getch(); } 6. Lt k cc s nguyn t khng ln hn s n cho trc //006NT1.CPP Liet ke cac so nguyen to tu 2 den n #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <math.h> void main() {clrscr(); int n,i,j, a[1000]; printf("\nNhap n = ");scanf("%d",&n); for(i=2;i<=n;i++) a[i]=1;//coi nhu i la nguyen to for(i=2;i<=n;i++) for(j=2;j<=sqrt(i);j++) if(i%j==0) a[i]=0; printf("\n"); for(i=2;i<=n;i++) if(a[i]) printf("%5d",i); 67

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

gotoxy(2,24); printf("Xem xong nhan phim bat ky de ket thuc"); getch(); } 7. Lit k cc s nguyn t t m n n //006NT2.CPP Liet ke cac so nguyen to tu m den n #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <math.h> //Ham nt tra ve 1 neu la nguyen to, 0 neu khong phai nguyen to int nt(int n) {int i; for(i=2;i<=sqrt(n);i++) if(n%i==0) return(0); return(1); } void main() {clrscr(); int m,n,i; printf("\nNhap m, n = ");scanf("%d%d",&m,&n); while(m>=n) {printf("\nNhap m, n (m<n) = ");scanf("%d%d",&m,&n);} for(i=m;i<=n;i++) if(nt(i)) printf("%5d",i); gotoxy(2,24); printf("Xem xong nhan phim bat ky de ket thuc"); getch(); } 8. Tm c s chung ln nht ca 2 s bt k nhp vo t bn phm //01EUCLID.CPP, Tim uoc so chung lon nhat cua hai so 68

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

#include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> void main() {clrscr(); long m,n,t,m1,n1; printf("\nm, n =");scanf("%ld%ld",&m,&n); //Neu m<n thi doi vi tri m va n if(m<n) {t=m;m=n;n=t;} m1=m;n1=n; while(n>0) {t=n; n=m%n; m=t; } printf("\USCLN cua %ld va %ld la: %ld ",m1,n1,m); getch(); } 9. Chuyn i 1 s nguyn thp phn sang dng nh phn //02NPHAN.CPP Chuyen doi mot so thap phan sang nhi phan #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <dos.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define nmax 100 void main() {clrscr(); int a[nmax];long n,i,j,k; printf("\nNhap so can doi sang so nhi phan: ");scanf("%ld",&n); i=0; while(n>0) 69

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

{a[i]=n%2; n=n/2; i++; } i--; printf("\n"); for(j=i;j>=0;j--) printf("%d",a[j]); getch(); } 10. o mt chui k t //06DCHUOI.CPP, Dao chuoi ky tu #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #define nmax 40 void daochuoi(char *a) {int n = strlen(a);int i,j;char ch; i=0;j=n-1; while(i<j) {ch=a[i];a[i]=a[j];a[j]=ch;i++;j--; } }; //================================= void main() {clrscr(); char a[20];char *b; strcpy(a,"12345678"); printf("\nChuoi ban dau la: %s",a); daochuoi(a); printf("\nChuoi dao lai la: %s",a); 70

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

getch(); } 11. Tm s ln nht trong dy s thc //09TimMax.CPP Tim Max trong day phan tu #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define nmax 100 //==================================== void nhap(float a[],int &n) {int i,j,k; printf("\nNhap co cua mang: ");scanf("%d",&n); printf("\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) {printf("Nhap a[%d] = ",i); scanf("%f",&a[i]); } clrscr(); } //==================================== int timmax(float a[],int n) //Tra ve vi tri k ma a[k] la max {int i,k;float max; max=a[0];k=0; for(i=1;i<n;i++) if(a[i]>max) {max=a[i];k=i;} return(k); } //==================================== void view(float a[],int n) {int i; printf("\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%3.1f ",a[i]); 71

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

} //==================================== void main() {clrscr(); float a[nmax];int n,k; nhap(a,n); printf("\nDanh sach da nhap la:"); view(a,n); k=timmax(a,n); printf("\nPhan tu cuc dai la a[%d] = %.1f",k,a[k]); getch(); } 12. Tm xem 1 s thc x c xut hin trong dy s thc hay khng //TimX.CPP Tim X trong day phan tu #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define nmax 100 //==================================== void nhap(float a[],int &n) {int i,j,k; printf("\nNhap co cua mang: ");scanf("%d",&n); printf("\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) {printf("Nhap a[%d] = ",i); scanf("%f",&a[i]); } clrscr(); } //==================================== int timkiem(float a[],int n,float x) //Tra ve vi tri k ma a[k] la a[k]=x {int i; 72

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

for(i=0;i<n;i++) if(a[i]==x) return(i); return(-1); } //==================================== void view(float a[],int n) {int i; printf("\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%3.1f ",a[i]); } //==================================== void main() {clrscr(); float a[nmax],x;int n,k; nhap(a,n); printf("\nDanh sach da nhap la:"); view(a,n); printf("\nHay nhap gia tri can tim x = ");scanf("%f",&x); k=timkiem(a,n,x); if(k>=0) printf("\nPhan tu tim thay la la a[%d] = %.1f",k,a[k]); else printf("\nKhong tim thay phan tu %f trong day tren",x); getch(); } 13. Tnh gi tr ca a thc bc n theo phng php Horner //13HORNER.CPP Tim gia tri da thuc bac n tai x. #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #define nmax 100 //==================================== 73

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

void nhap(float a[],int &n) {int i,j,k; printf("\nNhap bac cua da thuc: ");scanf("%d",&n); printf("\nNhap cac he so tu bac cao den thap:\n"); for(i=n;i>=0;i--) {printf("Nhap a[%d] = ",i); scanf("%f",&a[i]); } clrscr(); } //==================================== //Tinh p(x) = a[n]*(x mu n) + ... + a[1]*x +a[0] float horner(float a[],int n,float x) //Tra ve gia tri da thuc tai x {int i;float s; s=a[n]; for(i=n-1;i>=0;i--) s=s*x+a[i]; return(s); } //==================================== void view(float a[],int n) {int i; printf("\nCac he so da thuc tu mu bac cao den thap:\n"); for(i=n;i>=0;i--) printf("%3.1f ",a[i]); } //==================================== void main() {clrscr(); float a[nmax],x;int n,k; nhap(a,n); printf("\nCac he so cua da thuc tu bac cao den thap la:"); view(a,n); printf("\nHay nhap gia tri can tinh gia tri da thuc, x = ");scanf("%f",&x); 74

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

printf("\nGia tri da thuc tai x = %.1f la %.1f",x,horner(a,n,x)); getch(); } 14. Loi tr cc du cch tha trong chui k t ( ch li mt du cch) //14CHTEN.CPP, Loai tru dau cach thua trong ten #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <conio.h> //===================== void chuanhoa(char *s) {char *s1; int n, i,k,j; n=strlen(s); s1=new char[n+1]; i=k=0; while(s[i]==' ') i++;//Cat dau cach ben trai chuoi while(i<n) {if(s[i]!=' ') s1[k++]=s[i++]; else {s1[k++]=s[i++]; while(s[i]==' ') i++; } } k=k-1; while(s1[k]==' ') k--;//Cat dau cach ben phai chuoi s1[k+1]='\0'; strcpy(s,s1); } //=============================== void main() {clrscr(); 75

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

char *s1=" Nguyen Anh Hung "; puts(s1); printf("\n"); chuanhoa(s1); printf("\n%s",s1); getch(); } 15. m s ch trong xu k t //15DEMCHU.CPP, dem chu trong chuoi #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <conio.h> //===================== void chuanhoa(char *s) {char *s1; int n, i,k,j; n=strlen(s); s1=new char[n+1]; i=k=0; while(s[i]==' ') i++;//Cat dau cach ben trai chuoi while(i<n) {if(s[i]!=' ') s1[k++]=s[i++]; else {s1[k++]=s[i++]; while(s[i]==' ') i++; } } k=k-1; while(s1[k]==' ') k--;//Cat dau cach ben phai chuoi s1[k+1]='\0'; strcpy(s,s1); 76

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

} //=========================== //=================================== int demchu(char *s) //Tra ve so chu trong chuoi {char *s1; int n,i,dem; n=strlen(s); s1=new char[n+1]; strcpy(s1,s); chuanhoa(s1); n=strlen(s1); dem=0; for(i=0;i<n;i++) if(s1[i]==' ') dem++; return(dem+1); } //=================================== void main() {clrscr(); char *s1=" Nguyen Anh Hung puts(s1); printf("\nSo tu trong chuoi tren la: %d",demchu(s1)); getch(); } 16. Tnh s thc cng thc /4 = 1-1/3+1/5-1/7+...+(-1)N/(2N+1) vi chnh xc Epsilon tha mn: 1/(2N+1)<Epsilon=1.0E-04 //16TINHPI.CPP, Tinh so pi #include <stdio.h> 77 ";

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

#include <conio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <math.h> //================== double tinhpi() {double tong,sh,epsi,dau; int n; epsi=0.0001; tong=0; sh=1; dau=1; n=0; while(fabs(sh)>epsi) {tong=tong+sh; n++; dau=-dau; sh=dau/(2*n+1); } return(tong*4); } //================ void main() {clrscr(); printf("\n Pi = %f",tinhpi()); getch(); } 17. Cn lu - Phn mng 2 chiu - Cu trc iu khin - Cch xy dng hm (Hm con) 78

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

CHNG 5 Cu hi 1. Tp CSDL ca ACCESS c ui (phn m rng ) l: mdb 2. Khi bt u vo lm vic vi M.Acces, nu mun thit lp mt CSDL mi. Ta chn: Blank Database 3. Khi bt u khi ng.M.Access, nu mun m 1 tp CSDL c ra xem, sa. Ta chn: Open an Existing Database 4. i tng no l i tng nm trong tp CSDL ca Acces C 3 nhm trn 5. Ca s Database bao gm cc nt no: C hai nhm nt trn 6. Trong ca s Database nt hnh ng Open dng : M 1 i tng 7. Trong ca s Database nt hnh ng New dng : To 1 i tng mi 8. Trong ca s Database nt hnh ng Design dng : Chnh sa thit k 1 i tng 9. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun to ra mt tp CSDL mi khc ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: New 10. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun m 1 tp CSDL khc( c) ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: Open 11. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun ng tp CSDL ang c m ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: Close 12. Khi ang lm vic vi M.Access mun thot ra khi M.Acces tr v h iu hnh Windows ta chn File trn thanh menu sau chn: Exit 79

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

13. Mt tp CSDL ca M.Access gm c: Nhiu bng 14. Mt tp CSDL ca M.Access gm c: Nhiu Query 15. Trong ca s database mun to bng mi ta chn Table (Bng) sau chn: New 16. Trong ca s database mun m 1 bng ch nhp liu ta chn Table (Bng) sau chn tn bng cn m ri chn tip: Open 17. Trong ca s database mun chnh sa li cu trc ca bng (v d thm 1 trng mi vo bng) ta chn Table (Bng) sau chn tn bng cn chnh ri chn tip: Design 18. Khi to bng, mun nhp tn trng ta chn ct: Field name 19. Khi to bng, mun ch nh kiu d liu cho trng th trn hng ca trng ta chn ct: Data type 20. Khi to kho chnh cho trng th trc ht ta chn trng , sau chn insert trn thanh menu ri tip tc chn: primary key 21. Khi to bng d liu, ta mun khai bo mt trng c kiu s th trn ct Data Type ti dng tng ng ca trng ta chn: Number 22. Khi to bng d liu, ta mun khai bo mt trng c kiu i tng hnh nh th trn ct Data Type ti dng tng ng ca trng ta chn: OLE Object 23. Mun xy dng lin kt gia cc bng c lin quan th ta phi: thm cc bng c lin quan vo ca s Relationships window 24. Trong ca s Database mun to 1 query mi ta chn Query sau chn: New 80

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

25. Trong ca s Database mun chnh sa 1 query ta chn Query sau chn tn query cn sa ri chn tip: Design 26. Trong ca s Database mun thc hin 1 query ta chn Query sau chn tn query thc hin ri chn tip: Open 27. Truy vn no trong cc truy vn sau l truy vn xa: Delete query 28.Truy vn no trong cc truy vn sau l truy vn b sung: Append query 29.Truy vn no trong cc truy vn sau l truy vn to Bng: Make-table query 30. Mun to mi form bng wizard trc ht trong ca s Database, chn Forms, nhn New. Trong hp thoi New Form chn: Form wizard 31. Mun thit k form theo nhu cu trc ht trong ca s Database, chn Forms, chn New. Trong hp thoi New Form sau ta tip tc chn: Design view 32. Mun to mi mt bo biu trc ht ti ca s Database ta chn: Report 33. Sau khi thc hin xong cu 32 mun to Report ch Wizard ta chn: Report Wizard Bi tp thc hnh thc hin c bi ny ta cn nhng bc sau: To bng: bng danh sch khoa, bng danh sch sinh vin To cc query: Thm mi (dng append query), Tm kim (dng Select query c thm iu kin cn tm), Xa khoa, Xa sinh vin (dng Delete query) To form ch t thit k (Design View): form Nhp danh sch khoa v form Nhp danh sch sinh vin theo hnh v. Cui cng mi to form chnh l Form Chng trnh qun l sinh vin To Report: to Report Danh sch khoa v danh sch sinh vin 81

Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp

Ch khi to Form Nhp danh sch khoa v form Nhp danh sch sinh vin , s dng cc nt trn thanh ToolBox to cc iu khin, cc nt c th l: Text Box, Combo Box, Labe, Command Button. To Command Button bng Control Wizard (dng Command button to ra cc iu khin Thm mi, Tm kim, Xa khoa, Xa sinh vin, cc nt ny c tc dng m query tng ng xy dng bc trc. Cn nt ng form th gi ti Close Form. Ch nn dng). i vi Form Chng trnh qun l sinh vin ch s dng cc nt trn thanh ToolBox to cc iu khin, cc nt c th l: Labe, Command Button.To Command Button bng Control Wizard (cc iu khin ny m form v report tng ng xy dng bc trn.Cn iu khin ng form th gi ti chc nng ca Close Form ca hnh ng Action trong Categories, thot khi Access th gi ti chc nng Quit Application ca hnh ng Action trong Categories).

82

Ph lc 1: Bng m ASCII

PH LC 1: BNG M ASCII
BNG M ASCII vi 128 k t u tin Hex 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B 0 NUL 0 SOH 1 STX 2 3 4 5 6 BEL 7 BS 8 HT 9 LF 10 VT 11 1 DLE 16 DC1 17 DC2 18 DC3 19 DC4 20 NAK 21 SYN 22 ETB 23 CAN 24 EM 25 SUB 26 ESC 27 2 SP 32 ! 33 34 # 35 $ 36 % 37 & 38 39 ( 40 ) 41 * 42 + 43 3 0 48 1 49 2 50 3 51 4 52 5 53 6 54 7 55 8 56 9 57 : 58 ; 59 4 @ 64 A 65 B 66 C 67 D 68 E 69 F 70 G 71 H 72 I 73 J 74 K 75 5 P 80 Q 81 R 82 S 83 T 84 U 85 V 86 W 87 X 88 Y 89 Z 90 [ 91 6 ` 96 a 97 b 98 c 99 d 100 e 101 f 102 g 103 h 104 I 105 j 106 k 107 7 p 112 q 113 r 114 s 115 t 116 u 117 v 118 w 119 x 120 y 121 z 122 { 123

83

Ph lc 1: Bng m ASCII
C D E F FF 12 CR 13 SO 14 SI 15 FS 28 GS 29 RS 30 US 31 , 44 45 . 46 / 47 < 60 = 61 > 62 ? 63 L 76 M 77 N 78 O 79 \ 92 ] 93 ^ 94 _ 95 l 108 m 109 n 110 o 111 | 124 } 125 ~ 126 DEL 127

BNG M ASCII vi k t s 128 - s 255 Hex 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 8 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 9 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 A 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 B 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 C 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 D 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 E 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 F 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249

84

Ph lc 1: Bng m ASCII
A B C D E F 138 139 140 141 142 143 154 155 156 157 158 159 170 171 172 173 174 175 186 187 188 189 190 191 202 203 204 205 206 207 218 219 220 221 222 223 234 235 236 237 238 239 250 251 252 253 254 255

85

Ph lc 2: Cc li thng gp trong C

PH LC 2: CC LI THNG GP TRONG C
1. SON THO V CHY CHNG TRNH a. Son tho chng trnh Mi cu lnh ca C c th vit trn mt dng hay nhiu dng nhng phi kt thc bng du ; Tuy nhin khi nhp mt chui k t m mun chuyn sang dng khc ta phi thm du \ trc khi xung dng. b. Dch v chy chng trnh Nu chng trnh cha vit xong ta c th nhn F9 dch v sa li.Khi nhn F9 th u tin chng trnh c dch sang tp c ui l *.obj, sau lin kt cc tp v dch sang tp c ui *.exe c th chy c trong mi trng DOS. Khi chng trnh tng i hon chnh th ta c th nhn Ctrl+F9 dch v chy chng trnh. 2. CC LI THNG GP Khi dch chng trnh c th xut hin 3 loi li sau y: Li c thng bo bi t kha error (li c php): Li ny thng xy ra do khi ta son tho chng trnh khng tun theo ng nhng quy tc ca C, th d int th ta g thnh Int; hay ta g thiu ngoc n, ngoc kp chng hn... Sau y l mt s thng bo li thng gp loi ny: Unknown preprocessor directive Ch th tin x l khng ng. Trong trng hp ny bn phi xem li cc lnh #include xem bn c vit sai khng. Declaration terminated incorrectly Khai bo kt thc khng ng. V d bn nh du; sau hm main nh sau: void main(); Nn lu l sau tn hm khng c nh du ; nh trn y. Sau tn hm phi l du { v kt thc hm l du }. 86

Ph lc 2: Cc li thng gp trong C Unexpected } Tha du }. Mi ln nh du { th bn nn nh du } ri sau g cc lnh vo on gia, nh vy trnh c tnh trng tha thiu du { hoc }. Compound statement missing } Thiu du }. Declaration syntax error Khai bo sai. V d bn vit int a,b printf("Chao"); th my bo li dng th 2. S d nh vy l v khi c qua dng th nht khng c du; my cho rng lnh cha kt thc v cn chuyn tip sang dng th 2. Tuy nhin sang dng th 2 th my li thy lnh khng ph hp nn bo li dng ny. Cch vit trn y tng ng vi cch vit: int a,b printf("Chao"); V my thy rng y l mt lnh khng ng. Cn nu ta s li cc lnh trn l int a,b;printf("Chao"); th my khng cn bo li na v n chuyn xung dng th 2 gp du; v bit l lnh int a,b; c khai bo ng. Undefined symbol Bn s dng mt bin no m cha khai bo. V d bn cha khai bo bin n nhng li s dng trong lnh: printf("%d",n); chng hn th my bo l Undefined symbol 'n' Function ... should have a prototype V d trong lnh trn bn vit sai l prinf("%d",n); th my bo l Function 'prinf' should have a prototype. Ngha ca cu ny l: hm prinf cn phi c nguyn mu. 87

Ph lc 2: Cc li thng gp trong C Li c thng bo bi t kha Warning (li cnh bo): Li ny thng xy ra do khi ta khai bo bin nhng khng s dng ti. V d ... is assigned a value that is never used Khai bo v gn gi tr cho bin nhng khng s dng. V d bn vit cc lnh int n; n=10; nhng trong cc phn tip theo khng s dng n ( hin ra mn hnh chng hn, hay dng tnh gi tr ca bin khc...) th my bo l 'n' is assigned a value that is never used tuy nhin y ch l thng bo (warning). Khi bn nhn F9 dch chng trnh th my vn bo l success Hai loi li trn y c thng bo ngay khi dch chng trnh thnh file *.obj Loi li th 3 c th xy ra trong qu trnh lin kt: Li ny thng xy ra, th d khi c li gi hm nhng hm ch mi c nguyn mu m cha c khai bo chi tit.

88

Ti liu tham kho

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Nguyn Tin Huy, Gio trnh Tin hc cn bn, TT Tin hc i hc Tng hp TP. H Ch Minh, NXB ng Nai, 1995. Nguyn Xun Quc Hng, Tin hc A & B, NXB Tr, TP. H Ch Minh, 1996. T Vn Nam, Gio trnh nhp mn tin hc, NXB. Gio dc, 2004. inh V Nhn, Tin hc cn bn, NXB TP. H Ch Minh, 1995. Quch Tun Ngc, Gio trnh Tin hc cn bn, NXB Gio dc, H Ni, 1995. Dng Trn c - Chu Quang Ngc, Mng cc b, Ti liu dng cho cc kha hc bi dng, Trung tm o to BCVT 1, 2001 Bi Th Tm, Tin hc vn phng, NXB. Giao Thng Vn Ti, 2003. Phm Vn t, K thut lp trnh C, Nh xut bn KHKT, 1995. Quch Tun Ngc, Ngn ng lp tnh C, NXB Thng k, 2003.

10. Xun Li, Cu trc d liu v gii thut, NXB KHKT, 1994. 11. Nguyn Duy Phng, K tut lp trnh, Gio trnh ging dy ti Hc vin CN-BCVT 12. Brian Kerninghan, Denis Ritche, C Language. Norm ANSI. Prentice Hall, 1988. 13. Bryon Gottfried, Programming With C. McGraw Hill, 1996. 14. Carl Townsend, Understanding C. SAMS, 1989. 15. Paul Davies, The Inspensable Guide to C. Addision Wisley, 1996. 16. Nikolus L.R. Wirth, Program = Data Structure + Algorithms. Prentice Hall, 1992. 17. Phm Vn t, Hng dn s dng Microsoft Access- Nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut, 1997. 18. Nguyn Thin Tm, Gio trnh Microsoft Access 2000 - Nh xut bn i Hc Quc Gia TP.HCM, 2003. 19. Phm Th Qu, Gio trnh C s d liu- Nh xut bn Bu in, 2004. 20. Microsoft Access 2000: Buiding Application with Form and Report

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MC LC
Gii thiu mn hc ......................................................................................................3 1. Gii thiu chung ....................................................................................................3 2. Mc ch ...............................................................................................................4 3. Phng php nghin cu mn hc........................................................................4 Chng 1: Cc khi nim c bn...............................................................................7 1. Gii thiu...............................................................................................................7 2. Tm tt chng 1 ..................................................................................................7 3. Cu hi v bi tp..................................................................................................8 Chng 2: H iu hnh........................................................................................... 13 1. Gii thiu............................................................................................................. 13 2. Tm tt chng 2 ................................................................................................ 13 3. Cu hi v bi tp................................................................................................ 16 Chng 3: Cc phn mm ng dng thng dng .................................................. 23 1. Gii thiu............................................................................................................. 23 2. Tm tt chng 3 ................................................................................................ 23 3. Cu hi v bi tp................................................................................................ 26 Chng 4: Ngn ng lp trnh C ............................................................................. 37 1. Gii thiu............................................................................................................. 37 2. Tm tt chng 4 ................................................................................................ 37 3. Cu hi v bi tp................................................................................................ 41 Chng 5: H qun tr c s d liu ACCESS ...................................................... 43 1. Gii thiu............................................................................................................. 43 2. Tm tt chng 5 ................................................................................................ 43 3. Cu hi v bi tp................................................................................................ 45 Gi tr li cu hi v bi tp................................................................................. 57 Chng 1 ................................................................................................................. 57 Chng 2 ................................................................................................................. 59 Chng 3 ................................................................................................................. 61 Chng 4 ................................................................................................................. 65 Chng 5 ................................................................................................................. 79 Ph lc 1: Bng m ASCII......................................................................................... 83 Ph lc 2: Cc li thng gp trong C....................................................................... 86

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