Beam49 Users Manual

Contents
Overview Introduction
Installing the Library Accessing the Library Deleting the Library Input 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 10 14 15 16 17 17 17 17 1

Commands
RVM Y PLOTD BROWS QUERY MAX EXTRM PURGE About

Example Problems
Example 1: Constant EI Beam Example 2: Variable EI Beam

Appendices
A B C D E F G Symbols Sign Convention Output Browser Operations Global Variables Assumptions & Limitations Acknowledgments About Beam49

Beam49

Contents

Overview
Beam49 is a beam analysis program for the HP 49G and HP 49G+ 1 calculators. It computes the reactions at the supports and shear, bending moment, slope, and deflection at a user-specified number of increments. The program can be executed from any directory. Use any consistent units; results are in terms of the same length and force units as the input. Cantilever members may have the support located at either the left or the right end. The following support types are permitted for beams with two or more supports: all supports pinned, left end fixed, or both ends fixed. Overhangs are allowed. The modulus of elasticity and/or moment of inertia may be variable. The loading may include any combination of concentrated loads; applied moments; and uniform, linear, and nonlinear distributed loads. Redundant reactions and the slope and deflection are computed by the moment-area method. Results are rounded to seven significant digits.

Introduction
Installing the Library 1. Backup your calculator data. 2. Download the library to the HP 49. 3. Recall the library to the stack. 4. Purge the variable that contains the library. 5. Install the library into port 0 or 1. For example, execute 1 STO to store it in port 1. 6. Press ON F3 simultaneously to warmstart the calculator and attach the library. Accessing the Library Press
LIB

Beam4 9 to display the library menu.

Alternatively, you can assign the program 1707 MENU to a user key. Press that user key to display the Beam49 menu.
NXT toggles between the two pages of the menu.

Deleting the Library 1. Enter :n:1707, where n is the port number. 2. Press TOOL PURGE to purge the library from port memory.

ROM version 2.00 or later is required for the HP 49G+.

Beam49

Introduction

Input The RVM program computes the reactions at the supports and the shear and bending moment at a user-specified number of increments. The beam length, number of increments, support locations, and at least one load must be entered. For a statically indeterminate beam of variable EI, the variable E and/or variable I data are also required for calculating the reactions. The Y program uses the bending moment data generated by RVM to compute the slope and deflection at each increment. Unless previously defined, the following input is required: flexural rigidity type, modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia. A command line prompt or an input form is used to enter one to three values. Anything that evaluates to a real number, such as a variable name, may be entered in the command line. ON clears the command line or cancels if the command line is empty.
CANCEL

Input data are entered on the stack when an indefinite number of arguments are allowedfor support locations, loads, variable E data, and variable I data. Enter any number of support locations in any order. For all other stack input, enter the data in the sequence requested by the prompt. For example, at the X_M? prompt any number of applied moments may be entered in any order, but each moment M must be immediately preceded by its location X. Similarly, the prompt X1_X2_W? indicates that any number of uniform and/or nonlinear distributed loads may be entered in any order, but each load W must be immediately preceded by the start and end locations (X1 and X2 in either order). The menu keys activated for stack input are described in the following table: Stack Input Menu Key
OVER
L
?

Description Executes the OVER command. OVER executes PICK3 and Note: executes SWAP and Redraws the prompt. Displays some help text. Prompts to cancel program execution. CANCL cancels without confirmation. Resumes program execution (same as
CONT

OVER is equivalent to 4 PICK.

launches the interactive stack editor.

Length. Enters the location of the right-hand end.

HELP

CANCL
OK

ON ).

An error message is displayed for any invalid input and the user is required to correct the problem before continuing.

Beam49

Introduction

Commands
RVM
Computes the reactions, vertical shear, and bending moment. Input: Enter the length L and number of increments N. Results are computed at an increment of L N .

Input the support locations. If the beam has two or more supports and the left end is supported, select the support type. If the beam is statically indeterminate, select the flexural rigidity type.

If EI is constant, E and I data are not required for calculating the reactions. If E is variable, input the variable E data. If I is variable, input the variable I data.

Input any concentrated loads. Input any applied moments. Input any uniform and/or nonlinear distributed loads. Input any linear distributed loads.
Remarks: Once the loads have been entered, any existing results in the current directory will be overwritten. To save current results and run RVM for another problem, switch to a different directory.

The program calculates the reactions, then superposes the effect of each load and reaction to compute the shear and bending moment at N increments. Reactions for statically indeterminate members are determined by the moment-area method.
Number of increments: A greater number of increments will generally produce results that are more accurateup to a point. For more increments, however, the program generates more data. Thus, more time and memory are required to compute and store the results. Regardless of the value entered, the program always uses at least twenty and no more than one thousand increments.

If AutoAdjust N is checked, the program may adjust the number of increments to a value close to the user-entered number, but one that produces a reasonable increment. It will also attempt to find a number that results in most of the entered locations positioned a whole number of increments from either end. In addition, the program will limit the number of increments in order to reserve enough RAM so that the Y program can be executed subsequently without running out of memory. If AutoAdjust N is unchecked, the user-entered value is not altered (provided 20 N 1000).

Beam49

Commands

Y
Computes the slope and deflection.
Input:

If the beam is statically determinate, select the flexural rigidity type.

Constant EI Enter the modulus of elasticity and moment of inertia. Variable I Enter the modulus of elasticity. If the beam is statically determinate, input the variable I data. Variable E If the beam is statically determinate, input the variable E data. Enter the moment of inertia. Variable E & I (statically determinate beam) Input the variable E data. Input the variable I data. For statically indeterminate beams of variable EI, the program uses the variable E and/or variable I data that were used for computing the reactions.
Remarks: Before running Y, the RVM program must be executed to compute the bending moment M data. Y calculates M EI at each increment, then integrates the data to compute the slope and deflection at each increment. Any current slope and deflection data are overwritten.

Beam49

Commands

PLOTD
Plots the selected diagram. Input: Select a diagram.
F1 toggles draw the supports on SUP

or off

SUP .

Remarks: activates the graphics cursor. Press ON to return to the stack display.
CANCEL

Example plots:

BROWS
Displays the specified results. Input: Optional: Enter specific locations on the stack before pressing BROWS . Select the results that you want to display.
F1 toggles slope output to degrees DEG or radians RAD .

Input the range (unless locations were entered on the stack or REACTIONS was selected). Enter the start location X1, end location X2, and increment X. Press ENTER with the default values to display all the data. resets the current field and the default values. resets all fields to

Remarks: Results are displayed in the output browser (see appendix C). To display results for a few specific points, enter the locations on the stack before executing BROWS. Objects on the stack that are invalid locations, such as tagged numbers, are ignored. Two values are returned at discontinuitiesthe left- and right-hand limits. When the diagram is constant on some interval and the default minimum increment is used, the interval and the value for that interval are displayed, as shown in the following example. Example: PLOTD and BROWS output for a shear diagram.

Beam49

Commands

QUERY
Displays all current results for one location.
Input: Enter a location. F1 toggles slope output to degrees DEG or radians RAD . Press ON to cancel.
CANCEL

Remarks: The location is rounded to the nearest increment. Results are displayed in the output browser. Example: For the shear diagram shown on the previous page, shear is undefined at X=120. Thus, the left- and right-hand limits are displayed for shear: V is the shear to the left of the discontinuity and V is the shear to the right of the discontinuity.

MAX
Returns the maximum or minimum valuethe one of greater absolute value or the positive value when the maximum and minimum are of equal magnitude.
Input:

Optional: Enter start and end locations (X1 and X2) before pressing MAX . Select from the list of current results.
Remarks: When there are valid locations on stack levels 1 and 2, the max value between those two points is returned to the stack, tagged with X1XX2 Zmax, where Z is the result symbol.

Otherwise, the stack is ignored and the max value over the entire length of the beam is returned, tagged with Zmax. EVAL removes the tag.

EXTRM
Displays the maximum and minimum values and their locations.
Input: Select from the list of current results. Remarks: Results are displayed in the output browser as Location: Value.

PURGE
Purges Beam49 data from the current directory.
Input:
YES

or
YES

NO

Remarks:

purges DAT, BDat, and the plot parameter variables (PAR and PPAR ).

About
Displays the software version and copyright message until any key is pressed.

Beam49

Commands

Example Problems
Example 1: Constant EI Beam
y 0.125 kips/in 16 kips 0.25 kips/in 150 kip-in
M1

0.125 kips/in 16 kips 0.25 kips/in 150 kip-in x 60 in 120 in 160 in 200 in 240 in

60 in 120 in 160 in 200 in L = 240 in 8 kips

R1

R2

R3

8 kips

Beam and Loading

Compute the reactions, shear, and bending moment. 1) Press
RVM .

FBD

2) Enter 240 for the length L and a value for the number of increments N. Press ENTER or
OK .

3) Input the three support locations.

0 SPC 120 SPC 200

OK

4) Select Left End Fixed.

ENTER

5) Select Constant EI.

ENTER

Beam49

Example 1: Constant EI Beam

6) Press

YES

at the Concentrated Loads? prompt.

7) Input the location and load for each of the two concentrated loads.
60 SPC 16 SPC 240 SPC 8 OK

8) Press

YES

at the Applied Moments? prompt. 150

9) Input the location and moment.

240 SPC

OK

10) Press

YES

at the Uniform or Nonlinear Distributed Loads? prompt.

11) Input the start location, end location, and uniform load value.
60 SPC 160 SPC .25

OK

12) Press

YES

at the Linear Distributed Loads? prompt.

.125 ENTER
L

13) Input the two linear loads.

0 ENTER 160 OVER 60 ENTER
.25 ENTER

OK

When the program finishes computing, press BROWS

OK

to display the reactions.

Beam49

Example 1: Constant EI Beam

The shear and moment diagrams generated by PLOTD.

Display the shear and bending moment results for the midpoint X = L 2 .
QUERY
L

ENTER

Compute the slope and deflection for a beam of E = 29000 ksi and I = 127 in4. 1) Press
Y

.
ENTER 127 ENTER

2) Input the modulus of elasticity E and moment of inertia I.

29 EEX 3

Press ENTER .

QUERY 70 ENTER

displays the results for X = 70.

Recalculate the slope and deflection for a beam of E = 10000 ksi and I = 154 in4. 1)
Y

2) Input the modulus of elasticity E and moment of inertia I.

1 EEX 4
ENTER ENTER

154 ENTER

QUERY 70 ENTER displays the new results for X = 70.

Beam49

Example 1: Constant EI Beam

Example 2: Variable EI Beam

y W = 40sin(X/L) kN/m W = 40sin(X/6) kN/m

M1

M2

L= 6 m

6m
R1 R2

Beam and Loading

The beam has a constant width w of 0.1 m and a variable depth d. The moment of inertia for each continuously varying section is entered as a function of the distance from the section start location f ( X ) . For example, the moment of inertia expression for the left-hand section, where the depth varies linearly, is derived from the equation of a line y = mx + b as follows:
0.125 0.3 X + 0.3 = 0.3 0.0875 X 20

FBD
E = 200 GPa E = 69 GPa 0.3 m 0.125 m 0.3 m

1.5 m 2m 4m 4.5 m 6m

0.1 m

d=

Beam Dimensions and Moduli of Elasticity

wd 3 0.1 3 3 I= = d = (8.33333333333E 3)(0.3 0.0875 X ) 12 12

Modulus of Elasticity and Moment of Inertia Input Data

Start Location X1 (m) Modulus of Elasticity E (kN/m2 ) Moment of Inertia I (m4 ) Variables

0 1.5 2 4 4.5
Beam49

210 8 69 10 6 210 8

' K (.3 .0875 X)^ 3'

K (.125) 3
' K (.125 + .0875 X)^ 3'

K=

0.1 = 8.33333333333E 3 12

X = Distance from X1

Example 2: Variable EI Beam

10

For this example problem, store the moment of inertia data prior to executing RVM as follows: 1. Store the value 8.33333333333E3 in the variable K. 2. Key in the following program containing the start location and moment of inertia for each of the three sections:

0. ' K (.3 .0875 X) ^3.' 2. K .125 3. ^ 4. ' K (.125 + .0875 X)^ 3.'

Checksum: # 1E65h 3. Store the program in the variable I. Compute the reactions, shear and bending moment. 1) Press
RVM .

2) Enter 6 for the length L and a value for the number of increments N. Press ENTER or
OK .

3) Input the two support locations.

0 SPC 6 OK

4) Select Both Ends Fixed.

ENTER

5) Select Variable E & I.

ENTER

Beam49

Example 2: Variable EI Beam

11

6) Input the start location X1 and modulus of elasticity E for each of the three material sections.
0 SPC 2 EEX 8 SPC 1.5 SPC 69 EEX 6 SPC 4.5 SPC 2 EEX 8
.

OK

7) Input the previously stored moment of inertia data.

I ENTER
OK

8) Press 9) Press 10) Press

NO

at the Concentrated Loads? prompt. at the Applied Moments? prompt. at the Uniform or Nonlinear Distributed Loads? prompt.
L

NO YES

11) Input the load data. Enter the start and end locations: 0 Assemble the load expression:
40 +/

SPC

SIN

OK

12) Press

NO

at the Linear Distributed Loads? prompt.

OK

Once the program finishes computing, press PLOTD

to plot the shear diagram.

Beam49

Example 2: Variable EI Beam

12

Find the locations where the bending moment is zero: Plot the diagram, then press to enter the PICTURE environment and activate the graphics cursor. Press + or (X,Y) to turn on the cursor coordinate display and use the arrow keys to move the cursor. The moment diagram crosses the x-axis at approximately X = 2.1 m and X = 3.9 m. Press ON to exit the PICTURE environment.
CANCEL

BROWS

OK

displays the reactions (kN and kN-m).

CHK checks all and

ENTER exits and copies the reaction values to the stack.

Press

YES

to compute the slope and deflection, then plot the diagrams with PLOTD.

Display the maximum and minimum slope in degrees: Press NXT to display the second menu page. Press EXTRM and highlight SLOPE. If necessary, press F1 to toggle slope output to degrees DEG .
OK

The maximum slope is 0.5 degrees at X = 2.1 and X = 3.9 m.

ENTER

MAX

returns the max deflection (m).

Beam49

Example 2: Variable EI Beam

13

A
E I L M N P R1, R2, V W W1 W2 X

Symbols
Modulus of elasticity Moment of inertia Length of the beam Applied moment; bending moment Number of increments Concentrated load Force reactions at the supports Vertical shear Uniform or nonlinear distributed load Linear distributed load start value Linear distributed load end value Locationdistance from the left end of the beam. X is also used as the independent variable in algebraic expressions for nonlinear distributed loads and continuously varying moments of inertia, where: X = Distance from the start location of the distributed load or varying cross section Start location End location Increment Deflection Slope in radians Slope in degrees

M1, M2, Moment reactions at fixed end supports

X1 X2
X

Beam49

Appendix A: Symbols

14

B
Symbol

Sign Convention

Description

Sign Convention

Input: P M W, W1 & W2 Output: V M Shear Bending moment Slope (radians or degrees) Deflection +V = +M = + = Counterclockwise rotation +Y = Upward
Reaction Notation And Sign Convention
+M1 +M1

Concentrated load Applied moment Distributed load

+P = Upward +M = Clockwise +W = Upward

or
Y
Support Type

Cantilever
+R1 +R1

All Supports Pinned

+R1 +R2 +R3 +R4

+M1

Left End Fixed

+R1 +R2 +R3 +R4

+M1

+M4

Both Ends Fixed

+R1 +R2 +R3 +R4

Beam49

Appendix B: Sign Convention

15

Output Browser Operations

The output browser is a multi-pick choose box similar to the built-in browser, but with a few additional active keys. This browser uses the current system font; system flag 90 (choose boxes in minifont) has no effect. The active keys are described in following table:

Key
F1

Description

The label of the left-hand menu key indicates the current number display format (STD, FIX 4, SCI 5, etc.). Press the key repeatedly to cycle the display mode from FIX to SCI to ENG to STD and back to FIX. F1 sets the display mode to STD. Toggles the checkmark on the highlighted line. CHK checks all and CHK unchecks all. Exits without copying anything to the stack. Exits and copies the checked values (or the highlighted value) to the stack. Moves the highlight bar up one line. At the top line, wraps around to the bottom line. Press and hold to scroll up. jumps to the middle line and jumps to the top line. Moves up one page. Moves the highlight bar down one line. At the bottom line, wraps around to the top line. Press and hold to scroll down. jumps to the middle line and jumps to the bottom line. Moves down one page.

CHK

CANCL OK

0 thru 6
+/-

Set the number of decimal places or significant digits displayed. Same as F1 . Same as CANCL . Same as
OK
ON turns the calculator off without exiting.
OFF

ON
CANCEL

ENTER

Beam49

Appendix C: Output Screen Operations

16

D Global Variables
The program stores output data in two variables: DAT (real array) and BDat (library data). These variables may be copied or moved from one directory to another, but both variables must reside in the current directory and they must contain data for the same beam problem or else you will get an error message.

Assumptions & Limitations

Slopes and deflections must be small. Deflection due to shear is assumed small, relative to the bending deflection, and is neglected. Stresses must be within the elastic range. The program evaluates algebraic expressions for nonlinear distributed loads and continuously varying moments of inertia in radians mode.

Acknowledgments

Thanks to Eric Rechlin for providing hpcalc.org and to the following people for their indispensable programming tools: Sebastien Carlier and Christoph Gieelink for Emu48 Mika Heiskanen and Jan Brittenson for the Jazz debugger Jurjen Bos for Nosy Pierre Tardy for CQIF? Eduardo Kalinowski and Carsten Dominik for Programming In System RPL

G About Beam49
Version 1.1 Library ID 1707 Size 25417 bytes Language System RPL

Copyright 2005 Mark F. Gray Email: markfgray@hotmail.com

Beam49

Appendices D-G

17