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Termen de
valabilitate
Con.de
pireu
fructe
Con.
de
ap
Gust
Miros
Aspectul
ambalajului
Tipul
ambalajului
Volumul
Preul
1
1
1
4
1
2
1
1
3
7
1
1
1
9
6
7
6
7
1
1
1
8
6
8
1
6
1
2
4
6
2
2
2
5
1
1
2
6
1
2
4
4
7
5
4
4
3
3
4
3
2
3
3
1
6
6
1
1
4
4
2
2
2
2
5
3
4
4
1
5
3
1
1
3
2
2
5
4
2
3
2
3
3
3
6
5
7
5
2
4
4
5
5
8
2
5
1
2
2
5
3
7
5
7
8
7
7
6
5
1
8
7
7
2
5
3
2
5
3
7
1
9
8
1
7
8
5
7
5
2
7
5
5
6
3
8
3
3
3
6
2
5
9
9
2
9
6
8
5
8
5
6
6
4
4
4
3
9
5
8
3
6
4
6
3
1
2
9
6
9
6
4
4
7
3
9
4
8
6
9
ri = 1+2+3++ i ++ n = n(n+1) ,
i=1
2
i - ia valori de la 1 la n, reprezentnd n criterii de apreciere.
n exemplul de mai sus, ancheta a fost realizat referitor la 9 caracteristici
ale sucurilor i suma rangurilor se calculeaz dup cum urmeaz:
9
ri = 1,5+1,5+5+6+7+9+8+3+4 = 45.
i=1
Al aptelea respondent
r 1 = r 2 = 1+1/ 2= 1,5 ; r 9 =3 ; r 3=4 ; r 4 = 5 ; r 7 =6 ; r 8 =7 ;
r 5 = r 6 =8+9/2=8,5 s
sau r 1 = 1,5 ; r 2 =1,5 ; r 3 =4; r 4=5 ; r 5 =8,5 ; r 6=8,5 ; r 7= 6; r 8=7; r 9 =3
Verificm condiia :
9
ri = 1,5+1,5+4+5+8,5+8,5+6+7+3 = 45.
i=1
.a.m.d
Dup cum observm din cele indicate
respectnd condiia :
r i = n(n+1) .
2
3. Rangurile calculate se indic n tabel prin fracie fa de locurile indicate de
respondeni, dup ce tabelul primete forma i coninutul urmtor (tabelul 2) :
i=1
Tabelul 2
Numrul
respondentului
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Con.de
pireu
fructe
Con. de
ap
Gust
1/2
1/1
1/1
4/4
1/1,5
2/2
1/1,5
1/1
3/3
7/7
1/1
1/1,5
1/1,5
9/9
6/8,5
7/7
6/9
7/7
1/1,5
1/1
1/2
8/8
6/6
8/8
1/1,5
6/6
1/1,5
2/2
4/4,5
6/6
2/2,5
2/3
2/3
5/5
1/1
1/1
2/3,5
6/6
1/1,5
2/2
4/9
4/4
7/7
5/5
4/5
4/4
3/4
3/3
4/4,5
3/3
2/2,5
3/4
3/4
1/1
6/8,5
6/6
1/1,5
1/1
4/7
4/4
2/5
2/2
2/2
2/2
5/6
3/3
4/5
4/4
1/1
5/5
3/4
1/1,5
1/1,5
3/3
2/2,5
2/2
5/8
4/4
2/3,5
3/3
ri
i=1
Miros
Aspectul
ambalajului
Tipul
ambalajului
Volumul
Preul
2/5
3/3
3/3
3/3
6/7
5/5
7/8,5
5/5
2/2
4/4
4/5
5/6,5
5/6,5
8/8
2/2,5
5/5
1/1,5
2/2
2/3,5
5/5
3/7,5
7/7
5/5
7/7
8/9
7/7
7/8,5
6/6
5/7
1/1
8/9
7/9
7/9
2/2
5/7
3/3
2/3,5
5/5
3/5,5
7/7
1/2
9/9
8/8
1/1
7/8
8/8
5/6
7/7
5/7
2/2
7/8
5/6,5
5/6,5
6/6
3/4,5
8/8
3/5,5
3/3
3/5,5
6/6
2/5
5/5
9/9
9/9
2/3
9/9
6/7
8/8
5/7
8/8
5/6
6/8
6/8
4/4
4/6
4/4
3/5,5
9/9
5/8
8/8
3/7,5
6/6
4/4
6/6
3/4
1/1
2/3
9/9
6/9
9/9
6/7
4/5
4/5
7/7
3/4,5
9/9
4/7
8/8
6/9
9/9
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
Si =
r ij
j=1
S1 =
r ij
= 2+1+1+4+1,5+2+1,5+1+3+7+1+1,5+1,5+9+8,5+7+
j=1
+9+7+1,5+1 = 71.
20
S2 =
r ij
= 2+8+6+8+1,5+6+1,5+2+4,5+6+2,5+3+3+5+1+1+3,5+
j=1
6+1,5+2 = 74.
i = 1 ,
i=1
1/ Si
n
1/Si ,
i=1
1
74
= 0,14 ,
1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1
71
74 88 68 91 125 117,5 136,5 129
i = 0,15+0,14+0,12+0,15+0,11+0,08+0,09+0,08+0,08 = 1,0
i=1
_
ri =
ij
= Si
m
m
unde : i indic numrul caracteristicii ;
j - numrul respondentului;
m - numrul total al respondenilor ;
Si - suma rangurilor caracteristicii i .
n cazul examinat :
j=1
_
r1 = 2+1+1+4+1,5+2+1,5+1+3+7+1+1,5+1,5+9+8,5+7+9+7+1,5+1 = 3,55 ;
20
_
r2 = 2+8+6+8+1,5+6+1,5+2+4,5+6+2,5+3+3+5+1+1+3,5+6+1,5+2 = 3,70 ;
20
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
r3 = 4,40 ; r4= 3,40 ; r5= 4,55 ; r6= 6,25 ; r7= 5,87 ; r8=6,82 ; r9= 6,45 .
Se calculeaz abaterea medie ptratic (i) de la media rangurilor pe fiecare
caracteristic.
Abaterea medie ptratic caracterizeaz dispersia valorilor factorului
cercetat (n cazul dat, amploarea abaterilor aprecierilor particulare de la cea
medie). Ea indic cu ct, n medie, fiecare apreciere se abate de la aprecierea medie
i se calculeaz conform relaiei :
m
i =
(rij ri )
j 1
m 1
i =
(rij ri )
j 1
pentru m 40 .
n cazul nostru :
________________________________________________________
1 = (2-3,55)2 +(1-3,55)2+(1-3,55)2+(4-3,55)2+(1,5-3,55)2+(2-3,55)2+(1,5______________________________________________________________
-3,55)2+(1-3,55)2+(3-3,55)2+(7-3,55)2+(1-3,55)2+(1,5-3,55)2+(1,5-3,55)2+(9____________________________________________________________
-3,55)2+(8,5-3,55)2+(7-3,55)2+(9-3,55)2+(7-3,55)2+(1,5-3,55)2+(1-3,55)2 =
20-1
_______________________________________________________________
=2,402+6,502+6,502+0,202+4,202+2,402+4,202+6,502+0,302+11,902+6,502+
_______________________________________________________
_______
4,202+4,202+29,702+24,502+11,902+29,702+11,902+4,202+6,502 = 178,44 =
19
19
_____
=9,391 = 3,064 .
______________________________________________________________
2 =(2-3,70)2+(8-3,70)2+(6-3,70)2+(8-3,70)2+(1,5-3,70)2+(6-3,70)2+(1,5-3,70)2+
_________________________________________________________________
+(2-3,70)2+(4,5-3,70)2+(6-3,70)2+(2,5-3,70)2+(3-3,70)2+(3-3,70)2+(5-3,70)2+
____________________________________________________
______
2
2
2
2
2
2
(1-3,70) +(1-3,70) +(3,5-3,70) +(6-3,70) +(1,5-3,70) +(2-3,70) = 100,7 =
20-1
19
___
= 5,3 = 2,302 .
Calculai n acelai mod: 3=2,233 ; 4 =1,759 ; 5 =2,018 ; 6=2,381;
7 =2,293; 8=1,886; 9=2,355 .
6.3. Se calculeaz coeficientul de variaie a opiniilor respondenilor conform
relaiei :
i = i
ri
sau
i = i . 100 %
ri
n cazul nostru:
1 = 1
Tabelul 3
Rezultatele aprecierii coeficienilor de importan
(ponderabilitate) a sucurilor
Caracteristicile i locurile acordate.
Valoarea rangurilor
Num-rul respondentului
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Suma rangurilor, Si
Coeficientul de
importan, i
Coeficientul de
variaie, i
Aprecierea privind
concordana
Termen
de
valabilitate
Con.de
pireu
fructe
Con. de
ap
Gust
1/2
1/1
1/1
4/4
1/1,5
2/2
1/1,5
1/1
3/3
7/7
1/1
1/1,5
1/1,5
9/9
6/8,5
7/7
6/9
7/7
1/1,5
1/1
71
0,15
1/2
8/8
6/6
8/8
1/1,5
6/6
1/1,5
2/2
4/4,5
6/6
2/2,5
2/3
2/3
5/5
1/1
1/1
2/3,5
6/6
1/1,5
2/2
74
0,14
4/9
4/4
7/7
5/5
4/5
4/4
3/4
3/3
4/4,5
3/3
2/2,5
3/4
3/4
1/1
6/8,5
6/6
1/1,5
1/1
4/7
4/4
88
0,12
0,86
0,62
deloc
deloc
ri
i=1
Miros
Aspectul
ambalajului
Tipul
ambalajului
Volumul
Preul
2/5
2/2
2/2
2/2
5/6
3/3
4/5
4/4
1/1
5/5
3/4
1/1,5
1/1,5
3/3
2/2,5
2/2
5/8
4/4
2/3,5
3/3
68
0,15
2/5
3/3
3/3
3/3
6/7
5/5
7/8,5
5/5
2/2
4/4
4/5
5/6,5
5/6,5
8/8
2/2,5
5/5
1/1,5
2/2
2/3,5
5/5
91
0,11
3/7,5
7/7
5/5
7/7
8/9
7/7
7/8,5
6/6
5/7
1/1
8/9
7/9
7/9
2/2
5/7
3/3
2/3,5
5/5
3/5,5
7/7
125
0,08
1/2
9/9
8/8
1/1
7/8
8/8
5/6
7/7
5/7
2/2
7/8
5/6,5
5/6,5
6/6
3/4,5
8/8
3/5,5
3/3
3/5,5
6/6
117,5
0,09
2/5
5/5
9/9
9/9
2/3
9/9
6/7
8/8
5/7
8/8
5/6
6/8
6/8
4/4
4/6
4/4
3/5,5
9/9
5/8
8/8
136,5
0,08
3/7,5
6/6
4/4
6/6
3/4
1/1
2/3
9/9
6/9
9/9
6/7
4/5
4/5
7/7
3/4,5
9/9
4/7
8/8
6/9
9/9
129
0,08
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
45
0,50
0,51
0,44
0,73
0,39
0,27
0,36
deloc
deloc
deloc
deloc
deloc
puin
deloc
Si =
r ij
j=1
i 1
Si
n cazul nostru :
9
i 1
Si
100,0
9
9
_
7.3. Se calculeaz suma ptratelor abaterilor de la S dup cum urmeaz :
n
S ( S i ) 2 ( S i S ) 2
i 1
i 1
n cazul nostru :
S = (71-100)2 + (74-100)2 + (88-100)2 + (68-100)2 + (91-100)2 +(125-100)2+
+ ( 117,5-100)2 +(136,5-100)2 +( 129-100)2 = 841+676+144+1024+81+625
+306,25+1332,25+841= 5870,5 .
7.4. Se calculeaz ndicii rangurilor legate (Tj) pentru fiecare respondent
conform relaiei :
Tj
1 l 3
(t k t k ) ,
12 k 1