A2 Chemistry

NAME:

The Chemical Properties of AMINES

The purpose of this experiment is to study some of the chemical properties of buytylamine (an alkyl amine) and phenylamine (an arylamine) and ammonia. This will enable you to see how the nature of the carbon hydrogen skeleton affects the properties of the amine group and how the amine group affects the properties of the benzene ring. Hazard warning Phenylamine is toxic. Phenylamine and butylamine are flammable and give off harmful vapours. There fore you must: WEAR GLOVES AND SAFETY GLASSES AVOID CONTACT WITH SKIN KEEP STOPPERS ON BOTTLES What functional group do all amines have?

Draw Phenylamine

Draw butylamine

Draw ammonia

A2 Chemistry TEST A: Solubility in Water Pour about 10 drops of water into a test-tube and add 2 drops of phenylamine. Cork and shake the tube. Note whether the amine dissolves in water. Using a clean glass rod, test 1 drop of the solution with universal indicator paper. Compare the result with deionised water and ammonia solution. Repeat steps 1 and 2 with butylamine and ammonia instead of phenylamine. Observations:

A2 Chemistry TEST B: Reaction with hydrochloric acid Into a test-tube add 5 drops of phenylamine and 5 drops of water. Cork and shake. Drop by drop add enough concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain a clear solution. Pour the contents onto a watch glass and allow to evaporate slowly (leave in the fume cupboard). Repeat with butylamine. Repeat steps 2 and 3 with ammonia. Observations

TEST C: Reaction with copper (II) sulphate solution Pour about 2 cm3 of copper (II) sulphate solution into a test-tube. Drop by drop add phenylamine, shaking the test tube, until the phenylamine is in excess. Repeat with butylamine and ammonia. Observations

A2 Chemistry TEST D: Reaction with bromine water. Into a test tube add 5 drops of phenylamine and carefully add concentrated hydrochloric acid until you obtain a clear solution. Drop by drop add bromine water. Repeat using butylamine. Into a test tube add a spatula of ammonium chloride to 3 cm3 of water. Add bromine water as before. Observations

TEST E: Smell and appearance Very carefully smell the amines. What does the smell remind you of? Describe the appearance of the amines.