Biomass Requirements

Given Data:
Gas Engine Electrical Output (P e)

250KW

Electrical efficiency:

30%

Thermal efficiency :

80%

Biomass Composition:
Coco Shell

40%

Coco Husk

30%

Coco Frond

30%

COMPUTATION
1. SHAFT WORK

Ws =

ELECT. OUTPUT/

=
=

833KW

2. THERMAL ENERGY INPUT: Q in = WS/

Qin =
=

833KW/0.80
1041KW

3. AVAILABLE THERMAL ENERGY FOR. TRI GEN:

QR

=
=
=

Qin WS
1041KW 833KW
208KW

4. PRODUCER GAS:
PG

Qin/HV

where:

HV

= 4500KJ/M

=
=
=

833M/HR X 3GAS GENSET

2499M/HR

5. BIOMASS REQUIREMENTS:
ASSUME 1 KG BIOMASS WILL YIELD 2.5M PRODU.GAS
BR

1000KG BIOMASS/HR

24 TON DAY

6. BIOMASS COMPOSITION:
COCO SHELL:

0.40 X 24 =

9.6TPD

COCO HUSK:

0.30 X 24 =

7.2TPD

COCO FROND: 0.30 X 24 =

7.2TPD

7. Stoichiometric Air

Producers gas analysis: % by volume

CH4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

6%

H2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

7%

CO ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

17%

CO2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15%

H2O ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.88%
N2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 53%
Tar ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0.02%

ASSUME 100 MOLES OF PRODUCERS GAS

[6CH4 + 7H2 + 17CO + 15CO2 +53N2] + aO2 + 3.76aN2 = bCO2 + cH2O + dN2

Mole:

CARBON

6 + 17 +15 =b

b=38

HYDROGEN

24 + 14

= 2c

c =19

OXYGEN

17 + 30 + 2a = 2(38) + 19

a =24

NYTR0GEN

106 + 180.28= 2d

d=143.24

[6CH4 + 7H2 + 17CO + 15CO2 +53N2] + 24O2 + 90.24N2 = 38CO2 + 19H2O + 143.24N2

Moles:

100

+ 24

+ 90.24

= 38

+ 19

+ 143.24

+ 24

+ 90.24

= 38

+ 19

+ 143.24

4010.72

Relative volume:m
100

Relative mass: kg
2730kg

+ 768 + 2526.72 = 1672

Mass air = 768 + 2526.72

+ 342

= 3492.72kg

Stoichiometric air fuel ratio: mass=

Stoichiometric air fuel ratio: volume =

8. GAS ENGINE:
ASSUMPTION:

V1

RPM:

1800

NO.OF CYLINDER:

THERMO DYNAMIC CYCLE:

54000/HR

COMPRESSION RATIO: (RK)

15

=
=

X 1.05 EXCESS AIR

997M/HR

= 0.003077M
=

3077CC/CYLINDER-CYCLE

1.27

1.14

T1

= 40C

P1

= 101.325KPa

313K

ISENTROPIC COMPRESSION:
T2

V2

P2

T1(RK)K-1

313(15)1.4 1

925K

3077CC/15

205 CC

P1(RK)K

101.325KPa(15)1.4

4490KPa

CONSTANT PRESSURE HEAT ADDITION:

Qin

mCPt

T3

Qin/Mcp +

Qin

T3

=
= 3765K

Mcp(T3 T2)
T2

=
+

925K

11.56KJ

CUT OFF RATIO:

RC

= T3/(T1)(RK)K-1
=

x 1/(15).4

= 3.9
V3

V3/V2

= 3.9(205)
=799.5CC

ISENTROPIC EXPANSION:
T4

= (T3)(V3/V4)K-1
= (3765K)(799.5CC/3077CC).4
= 2196K

P4

= P3(V3/V4)
= (4490)(799.5/3077)1.4
= 680KPa