CUTTING FLUID PURPOSES

Cooling

Machining operations create heat. This heat must be removed from the process. The chip helps carry away heat from the tool and work piece. Coolant takes heat from the chips tool, and work piece. To be effective the fluid must be able to transfer heat very rapidly. The fluid absorbs the heat and carries it away.

Lubrication

In a typical machining operation, two-thirds of the heat is created by the resistance of the work piece atoms to being sheared. The friction of the chip sliding over the cutting tool face creates the other one-third of the heat.Cutting fluid with good lubrication qualities can reduce the friction of the chip sliding over the tool face. The lubrication actually changes the shear angle, which reduces the shear path and produces a thinner chip. Good lubrication also reduces internal friction and heat through less molecular disturbance

Benefits Effective use of coolants

The use of cutting fluids reduces friction and heat. The removal of the heat prevents the work piece from expanding during the machining operation,

Improve Part Quality

which would cause size variation as well as damage to the materials microstructure. Proper use of cutting fluids increases tool life, which reduces the tooling

Reduce tooling costs Increase Cutting Speeds and Feeds

costs. Increased tool life also reduces tool changes and downtime which decreases labor costs.

Cutting tools reduce friction and heating a machining operation. This allows high speeds and feeds to be used to achieve optimal cutting conditions. Effective use of cutting fluids helps remove the chips. This prevents the chip

Improved Surface Finishes

from being caught between the tool and work piece where it causes scratches and a poor surface finish Bacteria can drastically affect cutting oils. Bacteria growth can turn a cutting

Reduces Bacterial Growth Rust and Corrosion Prevention

fluid rancid. Additives in coolants help reduce the effects of bacteria, but it is important that pure water is used for coolant mixing. Cutting fluids should protect the tooling, machine, and work piece against rust and corrosion. Cutting fluids should leave a small residual film that remains after the water has evaporated.