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Jhss 102
Jhss 102
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D;k vki tkurs gSa fd gekjs ns'k esa yxHkx 81,000 oU;
thou mitkfr;k vkSj yxHkx 47,000 ouLifr mitkfr;k
ikbZ tkrh gSaA ouLifr mitkfr;ksa esa ls yxHkx 15,000
mitkfr;k Hkkjrh; ewy dh (LFkkuh;) gSaA
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yqIr gksrs ou
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fp=k 2-1
vuqlkj o"kZ 1997 ls l?ku ouksa osQ {ks=k esa 10,098 oxZ
fdeh- dh o`f gqbZ gSA ijarq ou {ks=k esa ;g o`f fofHkUu
laxBuksa }kjk o`{kkjksi.k ls gqbZ gSA ;g fjiksVZ izko`Qfrd ouksa
vkSj o`{kkjksi.k (o`Qf=ke ou) esa varj ugha djrhA blfy,
bl fjiksVZ osQ vkkkj ij izko`Qfrd ouksa osQ okLrfod kl
dk Bhd rjg ls vuqeku ugha yxk;k tk ldrkA
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fp=k 2-2 oqQN yqIr] nqyZHk rFkk ladVxzLr tkfr;k
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gekjs oqQN i;kZoj.k fo'ks"kKksa osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr osQ dbZ {ks=kksa
esa ^laoZu (enrichment) o`{kkjksi.k* vFkkZr~ okf.kT;
dh n`f"V ls oqQN ;k ,dy o`{k tkfr;ksa osQ cM+s iSekus ij
jksi.k djus ls isM+ksa dh nwljh tkfr;k [kRe gks xbZA mnkgj.k
osQ rkSj ij lkxoku osQ ,dy jksi.k ls nf{k.k Hkkjr esa vU;
izko`Qfrd ou cckZn gks x, vkSj fgeky; esa phM+ ikbZu osQ
jksi.k ls fgeky;u vksd vkSj jksMksMMas k us (rhododendron)
ouksa dk uqdlku gqvkA
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ledkyhu Hkkjr&2
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fgeky;u ;o (Yew) ladV esa
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fp=k 2-3
ou ,oa oU; tho lalkku
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gSaA xjhc oxZ esa Hkh efgyk, iq#"kksa dh rqyuk esa vfkd
izHkkfor gSaA dbZ lektksa esa [kkuk] pkjk] ty vkSj vU;
vko';drk dh oLrqvksa dks bdk djus dh eq[;
ftEesnkjh efgykvksa dh gh gksrh gSA tSls gh bu
lalkkuksa dh deh gksrh tk jgh gS] efgykvksa ij dk;Z
Hkkj c<+rk tk jgk gS vkSj dbZ ckj rks mudks lalkku
bdV~Bk djus osQ fy, 10 fdeh- ls Hkh vfkd iSny
pyuk iM+rk gSA blls mUgsa xaHkhj LokLF; leL;k,
>syuh iM+rh gSa] dke dk le; c<+us osQ dkj.k ?kj
vkSj cPpksa dh mis{kk gksrh gS ftlosQ xaHkhj lkekftd
nq"ifj.kke gks ldrs gSaA ou dVkbZ osQ ijks{k ifj.kke
tSls lw[kk] vkSj ck<+ Hkh xjhc rcosQ dks lcls vfkd
izHkkfor djrk gSA bl fLFkfr esa xjhch] i;kZoj.k
fuEuhdj.k dk lhkk ifj.kke gksrk gSA Hkkjrh; miegk}hi
esa ou vkSj oU; thou ekuo thou osQ fy, cgqr
dY;k.kdkjh gSA vr% ;g vko';d gS fd ou vkSj
oU; thou osQ laj{k.k osQ fy, lgh uhfr viukbZ tk,A
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D;k vkius vius vkl ikl ,slh xfrfofk;k ns[kh gSa ftlls
tSo&fofokrk de gksrh gSA bl ij ,d fVIi.kh fy[ksa vkSj
bu xfrfofk;ksa dks de djus osQ mik; lq>k,A
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ledkyhu Hkkjr&2
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fp=k 2-4 dkakhjaxk jk"Vh; m|ku esa xSaMk vkSj fgju
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Hkkjr esa oU; tho i'kqfogkj vkSj jk"Vh; m|kuksa osQ ckjs esa
vkSj tkudkjh izkIr djsa vkSj mudh fLFkfr ekufp=k ij
vafdr djsaA
ou ,oa oU; tho lalkku
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D;k vki mi;qZDr leL;kvksa osQ funku osQ dkj.k Kkr dj ldrs gSa\
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ledkyhu Hkkjr&2
gSa tks ogk osQ leqnk; dk vfHkUu fgLlk gSa vkSj dksbZ mudks
uqdlku ugha igqpkrkA
vki vius vkl ikl osQ fdlh ,sls jhfr&fjokt osQ ckjs esa
,d ys[k fy[ksa tks i;kZoj.k cpko vkSj laj{k.k esa enn
djrs gSaA
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isM+ ,d fo'ks"k vlhfer n;kyq vkSj mnkjiw.kZ thokkjh gSa tks vius lrr~ iks"k.k osQ fy, dksbZ ekx ugha
djrk vkSj nku'khyrkiwoZd vius thou dh fozQ;kvksa dks HksaV djrk gSA ;g lHkh dh j{kk djrk gS vkSj Lo;a
ij oqQYgkM+h pykus okys fouk'kd dks Hkh Nk;k iznku djrk gSA
xkSre cq (487 bZ-iw-)
vH;kl
1.
cgqoSdfYid iz'u
(i)
(ii)
2.
3.
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buesa ls dkSu&lh fVIi.kh izko`Qfrd ouLifrtkr vkSj izkf.ktkr osQ kl dk lgh dkj.k ugha gS\
(d) o`Qf"k izlkj
(x) i'kqpkj.k vkSj bku ydM+h ,df=kr djuk
([k) o`gr Lrjh; fodkl ifj;kstuk,
(?k) rhoz vkS|ksxhdj.k vkSj 'kgjhdj.k
vfLro oxZ
dkyk fgj.k
,f'k;kbZ gkFkh
vaMeku taxyh lqvj
fgeky;u Hkwjk Hkkyw
xqykch fljokyh ck[k
yqIr
nqyHZ k
ladVxzLr
lqHks|
LFkkfud
ljdkj] O;fDr;ksa osQ futh vkSj leqnk;ksa osQ vkhu vU; ou vkSj catj
HkwfeA
ou vkSj oU; tho lalkku laj{k.k dh n`f"V ls lokZfkd ewY;oku ouA
voxhZo`Qr ou
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4.
5.
ledkyhu Hkkjr&2