NH GI D BO TC NG PHP LUT (RIA)

GII THIU TNG QUAN

L Duy Bnh

nh gi D bo Tc ng Php lut (RIA) l g?

RIA l mt qu trnh: (i) phn tch cc tc ng tim tng ca mt thay i v chnh sch v cc phng n thc hin thay i , v (ii) ph bin thng tin, kt qu phn tch nh gi cho cc nh xy dng chnh sch v cng chng. RIA c s dng nhm nh gi:
Tt c cc tc ng tim tng v mt x hi, mi trng, ti chnh v kinh t. Tt c cc loi hnh vn bn php lut: vn bn php quy, cc vn bn chnh sch, hoc bn chnh thc. S phn b tc ng i vi cc i tng khc nhau, bao gm ngi tiu dng, doanh nghip, cc i tng trong khu vc cng, cc t chc phi chnh ph, khu vc nng thn, thnh th

nh gi D bo Tc ng Php lut (RIA) l g?

RIA l mt cng c chnh nhm nng cao cht lng vn bn php lut. N nhm h tr mc tiu ca chnh ph l:
Ch ban hnh vn bn php lut khi cn thit. Trong trng hp cn, n phi m bo rng quy nh php lut ph hp vi mc ri ro v vn ang cn c x l ng thi gim bt cc quy nh v mt php l khi c th.

Tt c cc d lut cn m bo tun th nm nguyn tc sau:

Tng ng hp l vi mc ri ro v vn C trch nhim i vi ngi ng u c quan chnh ph, Quc hi, ngi s dng v cng chng Thng nht c th d on c Minh bch cng khai, n gin, v d hiu, d tun th C mc tiu tp trung vo vn chnh, v gim thiu cc nh hng ph

nh gi D bo Tc ng Php lut (RIA) l g?

Trong mt bo co RIA:
Vn cn c x l bng vn bn php lut cn phi c m t mt cch r rng. Cc phng n xem xt phi gm c phng n khng lm g hoc bao gm cc phng n m khng s dng ti vn bn php quy (v d d tiu chun ngnh, hoc quy tc v hnh vi ng x) Mt RIA c cht lng phi tr li c cu hi u l cch tt nht t c mc tiu ra?

RIA ph hp vi nm c im ca mt vn bn php lut hin i

An ton RIA gp phn lm cho mc tiu ca vn bn r rng hn v gip la chn phng n ph hp nht vi th trng. Minh bch RIA gip chnh ph tham vn vi cc i tng v cc hnh ng ca mnh trong tng lai Hp l RIA m bo cc quy nh php lut c th bo v c cng chng vi mc chi ph thp nht Hiu qu - RIA gip tm ra phng n ti u nht vi mc chi ph thp nht nhm gii quyt mt mc tiu chnh sch cng C hm lng tri thc cao RIA gip hiu r c cc tc ng i vi x hi, vi th trng v cc yu cu th trng.

Li ch ca vic s dng RIA?

Nng cao cht lng vn bn php lut, qua gp phn:
Nng cao tnh cnh tranh ca nn kinh t; Nng cao tnh cng bng x hi

Gim thiu cc ri ro v mt php l Nng cao tinh thn trch nhim i vi hnh ng v kt qu ca chnh sch (trong quan h gia cc c quan chnh ph vi cng chng) Gim bt cc li v chnh sch qua:
Gip xc nh mt cch r rng hn mc tiu ca cc thay i v chnh sch nh gi y c cc thay i d kin, bao gm c cc tc ng khng d kin vi cc nhm khng nm trong i tng mc tiu ca chnh sch m bo tnh thng nht i vi cc cng c chnh sch, cc vn bn php lut khc nh gi c li ch mang li c xng ng vi chi ph khng m bo rng qu trnh tham vn c thc hin mt cch minh bch v c hiu qu m bo tun th cc tha thun quc t

Li ch ca vic s dng RIA?

RIA gp phn ci thin tnh trng lm pht v cc vn bn php lut, hoc cc quy nh php lut.
Khng c c ch xy dng php lut c trch nhim, s dn n tnh trng c qu nhiu vn bn php lut, chng cho, phc tp. RIA yu cu rng: nu mt c quan mun ban hnh hoc mun duy tr mt vn bn php lut th cn phi gii trnh c yu cu phi ban hnh hoc duy tr vn bn php lut . Trn nhiu nc thit lp mt vn phng c lt c trch nhim ci thin cht lng vn bn php lut.

Ngoi ra, n cn m bo:

Xc nh v nh gi c cc phng n thay th nhm t c mc tiu v mt chnh sch Lng ghp c cc mc tiu chnh sch (x hi v kinh t) Tham vn kin rng ri vi nhiu i tng, p ng y i vi li ch ca nhiu i tng, gim tnh trng c quyn v thng tin. Xc nh liu mt nhm no c b nh hng mt cch tiu cc hay khng. Song cng cn nhn mnh rng RIA khng phi l mt phng thuc bch bnh m c th gii quyt c tt c cc vn v cht lng php lut

Cc trng hp cn tin hnh nh gi RIA?

Cn tin hnh nh gi RIA i vi tt c cc thay i v mt chnh sch m c nh hng ti khu vc cng v khu vc t nhn, cc t chc phi chnh ph, doanh nghip, cc c quan t thin RIA c tin hnh khi c cc phng n chnh sch khc nhau v c nhng mc li ch, chi ph khc nhau. Khi c thay i v cc vn bn lut hoc di lut. Quy m ca RIA phi tng ng vi tc ng d kin ca thay i v chnh sch. Cn tin hnh nh gi RIA khi tng li ch v chi ph ca mt chnh sch khng thay i nhng li c nh hng ti mc phn b tc ng i vi cc i tng khc nhau. Khi cc xut chnh sch ch tc ng ti cc khu vc cng, trc ht ch cn nh gi mt RIA s lc, sau mi quyt nh l c cn nh gi RIA tng th hay khng. Nhng trng hp khng cn tin hnh nh gi RIA:
Khi xut d kin khng nh hng (hoc nh hng rt nh) ti chi ph, tit kim ca khu vc cng cng v nh nc, cc t chc ph chinh ph Khi cn tin hnh tng mc ph, l ph theo quy nh ca nh nc v nhng yu t tin nh khc nh tng t l lm pht.

Ai cn tin hnh nh gi RIA?

C quan chu trch nhim i vi thay i v mt chnh sch phi tin hnh RIA (song c th thu mt c quan, cng ty chuyn mn tin hnh cng vic ny). Mt c quan c lp c th tin hnh gim st vic thc hin yu cu RIA v m bo cht lng ca cc nh gi c tin hnh. Bin RIA tr thnh mt phn ca qu trnh ra quyt nh i hi phi c s h tr v mt chnh tr, hnh chnh v ca cng chng.

Khi no th cn tin hnh nh gi RIA?

Cn tin hnh mt qu trnh RIA ngay sau khi xut hin mt tng mi v chnh sch. Cc bo co RIA ban u c th c nh km cc t trnh v phng n chnh sch, v l c s cho qu trnh tho lun cc phng n chnh sch ny. Bo co RIA cui cng s c trnh cng vi phng n chnh sch cui cng v c cng b rng ri cho cng chng.