Professional Documents
Culture Documents
εγχειρίδιο εκπαίδευσης εθελοντών πυροσβεστών
εγχειρίδιο εκπαίδευσης εθελοντών πυροσβεστών
gr
/
, , 2009.
__________________________ 5
___________________________________________________ 6
_______________________________________________________ 7
______________________________________________ 7
. _ _________________________________________ 7
. ()______________________________________ 8
. ( ) ___________________ 8
. _ ______________________________ 8
. _ __________________________________ 9
____________________________________________ 9
1. _ ______________________________________________________________ 9
2. _____________________________________________________________ 10
3. CO2 ___________________________________________ 10
4. __________________________________________ 11
5. _ _________________________________________________________ 11
6. _ ____________________________________________ 12
7. , , ____________________________________________ 12
__________________________________________ 12
1. _ ___________________________________ 12
2. - _ _____________________ 12
3. _ _____________________________ 13
) ________________________________________ 13
) _ ________________________________________ 16
4. _ ___________________________________ 17
5. _ ______________________________________________ 17
6. _ _____________________________________________________ 17
7. _ ________________________________________ 17
8. ____________________________________________________ 17
_ _______________________________________________________________ 17
_ _______________________________________________________ 18
________________________________________________ 19
____________________________________________ 22
(Pumps)_______________________________________________________ 23
___________________________________________ 23
( )_________________________ 25
()______________________________________________ 27
_ _________________________________________________ 28
________________________________________ 28
1. (1) (2) (
)______________________________________________________ 28
2. ( )_ _______ 32
3. _ _______________________ 32
__________________________________________________________ 34
________________________________________________ 34
____________________________________________ 34
__________________________________________ 35
________________________________ 36
(CO2)____________________________ 36
_ ______________________________________ 37
________________________________________________________ 38
_ ____________________________________________________________ 38
_ ______________________________________________________ 38
___________________________________________ 38
_______________________________________________ 38
_______________________________________________ 39
_________________________________________ 39
______________________________________ 39
_ _______________________________________ 39
__________________________________________________ 40
_______________ 40
. _________ 40
. _ _______ 41
. ______ 43
__________________________________________ 44
_ __________________________________________________ 44
_ ______________________________________________________ 45
_ __________________________________________________ 47
_ ___________________________________________________ 48
_______________________________________________ 48
, .
, , .
..
.
.
.
.
1951/1991 ( 84 / 31-051991), 32/1992 ( 15 / 05-02-1992).
. 1951/1991
.
,
, . .
.
:
18-55 .
, .
.
( ).
.
.
.. 32/1992
( 15) , , ,
:
(2) , (1)
(35) ,
(10) .
(1) , (1)
(20) , (7)
.
(10) , . 8281 .101.4/17-04-1995
( 291).
.
5
, , .
:
1.
: , , , , , , ..
: , , , ..
: , , , , , ..
2.
21% .. , 78% .. , , CO2 ..
3.
, .
,
. ()
.
.
()
, ( )
() () .
.
. .
:
1.
( ) , .
, .
2.
,
( ), .. , ().
3.
.
, , , .
, (/ ). ,
.
:
1. .
2. ().
3. M ().
,
.
, ,
:
1. .
2. () .
.
1. .
()
.
2. ,
,
.
3. -
(), .
, .
4. , ..
, .
5. , .
. ()
1. ,
.
.
,
.
2. . ,
, . ,
().
. ( )
1. , , 21% .. .
,
.
.
2. , , , , , ..
.
1. ,
, ,
.
,
.
2. ..
, . ,
, .
,
.
( ) , ..
3.
. ,
8
.
.
1.
, ( ).
,
.
.
2.
, , . ()
() ,
Halons ( ) . Halons , .
() :
1.
2.
3. (CO2)
4.
5.
6.
7. , ,
1.
, .
, , ()
/,
.
( )
. () ,
( ).
() ,
, .
, ,
. .
. ,
(). ,
.
.
:
1. .
2. ().
3. () .
4. , ..
5. .
(
.34), , , , , , ..
:
1. (, , , ..) .
.
2. .
3. ,
.
4. ,
(CaC2) (C2H2).
2.
, , , .. ,
. 94-97% 3-6% .
, .
. ,
.
:
1. : .
2. : .
3. AFFF (Light Water) :
, .
4. :
, , , ..
3. CO2
, ,
, , .
. CO2 10
, ,
.. . , ,
. , .
(, , , ..)
, . CO2 .
. , .
:
) : CO2
.
) : CO2
( ) 78 0C.
, .
) : CO2 .
,
.
4.
() , ,
. ,
.
, .. (2) CO2 ,
( . 35). ,
.
() .
:
) P , C, , 80.000 V.
) Pa A, B, C, ,
1.000 V.
) Pd D.
5.
, . .
, , ..
11
6.
Halons NFPA 2001 Clean
Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems - . ,
1994 .
7. , ,
, , , , ,
. () .
, ,
, .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
-
-
-
1.
,
/ .
,
, .
, . ,
/.
2. -
.
,
, , ,
. ,
12
.
.
.
, ,
. .
, . ,
.
(15) (, - & ), (50)
(88) .
,
, , ,
, , , , , .
, ..
3.
.
, .
.
. .
.
.
:
)
)
)
(-) .
:
1.
2.
13
.
:
.
:
.
. :
1. 2.
3. 4. 5. 6.
7. 8. ().
, ,
,
() ..
14
/
,
(65) (45) (45)
(25) .
.
,
,
,
.
, (2)
(65) (110) . (),
.
.
()
,
.
/ .
,
.
15
. (30)
(60) .
.
(25) .
.
. .
,
. , .
)
,
.
:
( ,
)
, , . ,
110, 75 52,5 .
()
. ,
, .
16
4.
, .
. ,
.
5.
, ,
.
.
6.
,
,
.
, , .
7.
(
,
).
( / , ,
, , )
( )
.
8.
// .. /
//.
:
.
. ,
.
17
()
()
()
()
( . 45)
,
, .
.
, ,
.
.
: (2)
,
, .
.
: (2) 4,7
45 . 40 . .
8 .
18
: (3) :
1 : 3,85 48 . 2 : 3,80 41 . 3
: 3,40 34 . 9
55 (kg).
: (3) :
1 : 5,40 46,5 .
2 : 5,40 42,5 .
3 : 5,19 39 .
15 75 (kg).
(, , , ..).
12-20 38 60 , . . 23-24
. (4)
400 .
300 . 30 .
, .
, , .
(2) :
) ,
)
,
, .
:
(1)
(2)
(3) (, , ..)
(),
, ,
, , 19
,
,
. ,
( )
( ). , . ,
() , .
,
.
,
, .
, ,
, ,
.
,
.
() , ,
.
, ,
,
, .
. , .
, (. ,
, ) , .
, , ,
.
, .
, .
.
, , ..
,
,
20
,
.
,
. .
, ,
.
:
21
, , -
, (, , , ..).
:
(extra light duty hydraulic tools)
(light duty)
(medium duty)
(heavy duty)
(extra heavy duty).
,
.
22
(Pumps)
, ,
. , , , .
720
bar,
.
( 1 ,
..
1 190 bar-2,4 lt,
2 720 bar-0,7 lt).
.
:
) (Spreader)
, : , () ( ), . (
-
.. ).
, .
2 22 , 60 80 ,
1,2 12,2 , 48 70
18 45 . , .
,
.
(, )
. .
:
835mm
5.6tn
686mm
14.3tn
833mm
17.8tn
675mm
22.4tn
23
) (Cutter)
, :
: 10-30
: 10-45
: 14-30
: 9,5-19
, , .
) (Combitool)
, , , , .
.
: 360mm, 8.7 tn, 35.5 tn, 7.6 tn, 5.2 tn.
) (Ram jack)
, , ( ), ,
.
, ( ), , ().
10
22
:
: 12 mm/sec,
95% 3
mm/sec
: 20 mm/
sec, 95% 6 mm/sec
24
( )
) (Door ram)
. 9 - 10 , .
)
() ,
10 - 12 . .
)
, 10 ,
.
)
(.. ), 5 - 8
3 - 4 .
) (Airbag safety cover)
. , 1000 30
25
.
.
250 gr,
. :
,
. /
.
) , , (Glass removercutter)
.
) /
, .. ,
/
.
)
.
26
()
) (High pressure lifting bags)
, 8 bar, 1 67 .
,
.
.
, ,
:
.
-40 C 115 C.
. .
, (
) .
6 11 . .
52 ( ).
)
, 0,5 - 1 bar, 3 - 23 . . ,
, (12 ).
.
, .
110 ( ).
) /
, ,
. - - (, ,
, ..).
27
, ,
, , .
1. (1) (2) ( ).
2. ( ).
3. .
1. (1) (2) ( )
. :
)
)
15 60
1,5
700 bar
()
(),
28
( min):
(lt/min)
6lt/300bar
2
6,8lt/300bar
30
54 min
128 min
260 min
40
41 min
95 min
200 min
M-
50
33 min
76 min
160 min
75
22 min
50 min
110 min
15
17,5
15
B (kg)
:
Newton/mm
bar
bar
, (6.8 lt) .
)
. , ,
.
(3) (2) (1)
. ,
.
)
, ,
, 300 / 300
bar 6 bar .
(ALARM) , 60
bar .
- ,
.
29
)
, ,
.
, 0-350 bar
.
) ( )
, . .
(-).
4 bar , .
( ) ( ) .
.
) ()
, ,
. ,
.
.
.
.
(1) (2) ,
.
30
)
,
) ( )
,
(2)
(2) (. . 1,2,3,4)
, - .
.
.
.
)
:
.
. (2) .
. .
.
31
)
:
.
.
.
(2) .
,
.
)
, .
.
, - .
.
, ,
.
.
) (2)
, , (1) .
.
2. ( )
.
.
. ....
.
3.
.
:
15% ( ).
.
32
(2) :
)
) .
.
.
, .
.
.
. ,
.
.
, ,
, ,
, .
.
.
. .
.
,
. ,
,
. .
. . ,
.
65oC
( CO) .. , ,
CO
Hg -P3
,
, , , , , , ,
33
( , ..)
. ,
, ,
.
, ,
1,20 1,50 .
(5) A, B, C, D .
: , .. , , , , ,
..
:
, , , , , , ..
C: , ,
, , ..
D: , , , , , ..
, , C D
.
A 618/43/20-1-2005
( 52) 17230/671/1-9-2005 ( 1218).
/
, , , , .
( ). .
:
34
,
.
5
.
(
Halon).
10
,
.
, 3 17230/671/2005/01-09-2005 ( 1218).
0 , . (CO2)
, .
, , C, .
25 bar 20 kg.
() 13 - 15 bar, .
.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
CO2
6.
7.
CO2
8.
35
50
(CO2) 30
50
,
,
.
.
.
ABC
C
-
BC
CO2
m3
m2
0,14
21
0,66
0,22
34
1,07
13
0,36
55
1,73
21
0,59
70
2,20
27
0,76
89
2,80
34
0,95
113
3,55
43
1,20
144
4,52
55
1,54
183
5,75
-----
-----
233
7,32
(CO2)
CO2 ,
. ,
. CO2 , 60 -70 bar
. 250 bar.
36
(CO2) 6
(CO2) 2
, C,. CO2
2 kg, 5kg 6 kg.
.
, .
.
, .
.
.
.
37
( . 24 )
, ,
, ,
() ().
, , .
. 2612/1998 .
& ,
, - , - , ,
.
) 265 & 266
( 267).
) . 9/2000 ( 1459),
. 9/2005 (... 1554) .
) -
.
(, )
(, , , , )
( , )
( .. )
)
, .. ,
, .
) ()
(<
2 ) , , , .
.
.
) ( )
(> 2 )
, .
.
38
)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
, , , , .
1,5 .
, , .
.
.
1 atm / 10m .
10% - 20% .
, - .
100 - 200
.
(1) .
39
.
.
,
. ,
,
. .
.
.
. . :
( ...)
( ) ,
. / (domino) / , ,
, .
.
,
, ,
,
.
:
1.
(.. /
). ,
.
2. .
3.
,
(...) .
, ...
.
4. ,
.
5. , (, , ..)
40
(, ..).
6.
. () ()
7.
,
.
8. , ,
, ,
.
9. ( ),
( , , , ...),
.
10.
,
,
. .
11. . , ,
. .
,
, .
(.. , ,
...).
.
12.
.
.
1. ,
.
2. ,
, (, , , , ...) ,
.
3. /
.
4. .
41
4.1 1,5 9
4.2 , ( , ) ( ) .
4.3
.
4.4
4.5
( , ..) .
4.6 .
4.7 ,
, .
5. :
5.1
.
5.2
5.3
.
5.4
.
5.5 ,
, .
5.6 :
5.6.1
(3/4 ),
,
. .
. ,
(.. , ..), ( /
), .
42 C , ,
.
5.6.2 , , ..,
42
/ ( )
. ( )
(
).
, ,
. ,
,
.
, .
.
,
.
1.
.
2. 60
200 .
3.
4.
, .
(
. 2), , .
5. , .
.
6. .
7.
.
8. /
- .
( & ), , ,
(de facto) . ,
, . , ,
.
43
, :
, ,
.
, , .
().
500-1500 80-150 .
.
2000 3000 140 300
.
.
5000
7000 200 500 . .
10000
15000 500 .
.
44
:
, ,
.
.
2650 ,
.
.
15-88
.
.
(2) :
1)
2)
2
45
,
7000
.
.
, .
.
, .
7000 .
.
.
, , , .
46
, , , . :
..
() .
(44) /, .
pick up
(4X4) /, .
.
1) VAN 9-16
2) 20-50
VAN .
- ,
, , , ,
(), ..
47
, 3 ... (.
, , ,
..).
:
) , .
.
) , /.
) ,
, ..
) . , . , .
) , .
) , .
) .
) 6-8 . (press)
, (1)
.
,
, , - .
. , , , , , , ,
. ,
.
, ,
. , ,
. . ,
. ,
. ,
.
.
, .
48
. 1951/1991 (... 84
/ 31-05-1991)
.. 32/1992
(... 15 / 05-02-1992)
, .., ... 1978
, . , .., . ... - , .. 11, 1994
, . ...- , ..12, 1996
, , , 2004
& ... 32410 .290.1 /
22-06-2009 36642 .290.1 / 10-07-2009
, 66 22, .67- 24, .68- 23, .69- 26,
.72- 30, .73- 24, .74- 34 , .76- 35, .85- 26, .99- 20
http://www. edd.gr, - 2000
..
..