Sinh tồn nơi hoang dã, Thiên nhiên nguy hiểm - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan
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Thin nhin va l ng minh va l k th ca chng ta. N ban pht cho chng ta cc vt dng v phng tin sinh tn, ng thi cng cung cp v vn thin ch c th git cht chng ta, hoc lm cho chng ta b tn thng, bnh hon. M ni hoang d, nu b tn thng hay bnh hon th tht l th thm. N lm cho cc bn suy kit tinh thn v ch phn u, khi , kh nng tn ti ca cc bn tht l mong manh. Lut l ca Thin Nhin rt khc nghit, nu khng am hiu, cc bn s t kt n t hnh. K th ca cc bn trong thin nhin thng n t thc vt, ng vt, kh c, nc c, thi tit... NGUY HIM T THC VT Trong lch s ca loi ngi, ghi nhn rt nhiu v n do u c, m hu ht, cht c thng n t thc vt. Nhng cy c cht c th rt nhiu, chng ti khng th no lit k ht. y, chng ti ch cp ti nhng cy c m c dng nh cy n tri, n l, r, c... n hay nu ung thay tr hoc lm gia v... m cc bn c th b lm. Hoc nhng cy cc bn cn trnh xa nh: Mt mo, cy Sn... Cn cc loi cy khc th chn chn cc bn khng di dt g m n th khi cha bit r v n. Ngoi nhng cy duc c v nm c m chng ti trnh by phn trc, cn c nhng cy c sau y: Cy l ngn:
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Cn gi l thuc rt rut, hong ng, on trng tho... Thuc h M tin (Loganiaccae) c coi l cy c nht nc ta, ngi ta cho rng ch cn n 3 l l cht ngi. L mt loi cy mc leo kh ph bin min rng ni Vit Nam. Thn cy c kha. L mc i, hnh trng, u nhn, mp nguyn, nhn bng. Hoa mc thnh xim u cnh hay k l. Cnh hoa mu vng. Qu l mt nang, hnh thon, di, mu nu. (Xin ng nhm vi cy hoa ch vng, c hoa mu trng. Qu hnh cu. Thuc h Nhi (Oleaceae)). Hi ni:
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Cn gi l i hi ni. Thuc h hi (Illiciaceae) Hi ni l mt cy cao 8-15 m. Mc hoang khp vng rng ni trong nc. (Rt ging cy i hi m chng ta thng dng lm gia v, cho nn phi lu trnh nhm ln, v cy hi ni c c). Hi ni c hoa mu hng rt p. Qu hnh na, hoa, u c m hp, di, v cong ln nh hnh li lim. L v qu c tinh du, mi va ging i hi, va ging tiu. Ti c:
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Thuc h hnh ti (Liliaceae). L mt cy mc hoang trong nhng vng n i lnh, tuy Vit Nam khng c, nhng chng ti cng a ra cho cc bn tham kho. Ti c l mt loi c sng lu nm, c mt d (c) to mm. T d mc ln cn vi 3-4 hoa loe thnh hnh chung, mu tm hng nht rt p, Qu l mt nang to 3 ngn, trong cha nhiu ht. L to di, u l hp, ri tn vo ma nng, khng c du vt g ca cy na cho n ma thu ti, li thy hoa t di t xut hin. Ton b cy u c c, ngi v gia sc n phi s cht. Tru:
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Cn gi l cy Du Sn, Ng ng, Thin nin ng, Mc du th. Thuc h thu du (Euphorbiaccae) Tru l mt cy to, cao t 8m tr ln,, thn nhng. Cy mc hoang v cng c trng khp ni trong nc. L a dng nhng c c im chung: gc phin l v k thy bao gi cng c 2 tuyn ni r. Hoa mu trng, m ta. Qu hnh trng mu lc, cu to bi 3 mnh v. L v ht u c saponozit c Hong nn:
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Cn gi l V Dn. Thuc h M Tin (Loganiaccae) L mt dy leo mc hoang cc vng rng ni min Bc nc ta. Cnh gy, nhn, c nhng mc mc i cnh non. Thn c v xm vi nhng m mu vng . L mc i, hi bu dc. Qu hnh cu, v ngoi cng, trong cha nhiu ht hnh khuy o, rt ging ht m tin. V v ht hong nan rt c.
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M tin: Cn gi l C chi. Thuc h M tin (Loganiacae) Mc hoang rt nhiu min Nam nc ta. L mt cy nh, v xm, cy non c gai. L mc i, phin l hnh bu dc. Hoa nh, mu hng, hp thnh xim thnh tn. Qu mng hnh cu, to bng qu cam, c cha cm mu trng v nhiu ht hnh khuy o. Mt s m tin c khai thc min Bc nc ta l dy leo, c ng knh thn 10-15 cm, chiu di c th 30-40 mt. M tin rt c khi dng vi liu cao, rt d t vong khi ng c.
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Cy Sng d: Cn gi l Cng cng, Sng B... Thuc h Trc o (Apocynaccae). L mt cy nh, cao t 3-5 mt.Cy mc hoang rt ph bin Vit Nam. Ton thn v l khi b c m mu trng sa. L mc i, hi ging hnh tha, trng hoa hnh phu rng, x 5 cnh mu vng, u cnh hp li thnh hnh si. Qu kh gm 2 i dnh vo nhau cha nhiu ht c cung v chm lng mn di. Ton thn cy sng d u c cht c, nht l ht. Ngi ta cn dng cy sng d ch thuc tm c tn dng trong sn bn. Cy Thng Thin:
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Cn gi l Hong gip trc o. Thuc h Trc o (Apocynaccae) Cy c trng lm cnh v mc hoang (do trng ri b) ti nhiu ni cc tnh Vit Nam do c hoa mu vng rt p. Ton thn cy thng thin rt c, nht l ht, ngi ta ghin nt ht lm thuc tr su b. Hnh bin:
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Scilla Maritima. Thuc h Hnh Ti (Liliaccea). Hnh bin l cy mc hoang ti nhng bi ct quanh vng bin a Trung Hi v nhng nc Bc Phi... Vit Nam di thc v trng mt s ni trong nc. Cy c mt d rt ln, c th nng t 3-8 kg. Vo ma Xun c l hnh mc, cui ma H, l kh v xut hin cn hoa di mang nhiu hoa nh mu trng hay xanh lc. Hnh bin rt c, ngi ta dng nc sc dit chut v su b. C c dc:
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Cn gi l C duc, Mn la (Thuc h C (Solannaceae) Nc ta c 3 dng c c dc 1- Hoa trng, thn xanh, cnh xanh 2- Hoa m tm, cnh v thn tm 3 - Lai hai dng trn. Cc dng cy trn u l nhng cy nh, mc hng nm, cao t 1-2 mt. Mc hoang v c trng lm cnh khp ni trong nc. C c dc thuc loi thuc c bng A, nhng nu dng vi liu khng ch, c th cha ho hen, say sng, p ngoi mt nht...
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Cy m mt: L mt cy thuc loi thn tho, cao khong 0,5 m. Thuc h L Bin (Lobeliaceae) Mc hoang v c trng nhiu min Bc nc ta. L hnh mc nhn, mp c rng ca. Hoa mc k l, 4 l di, 5 cnh hoa mu trng. Qu nang, c hai ng nhiu ht nh. Ton thn cy c nha m c, vo mt c th lm m mt, nu nm vo c cm gic nng bng. Cy du:
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Cn gi l C Gu Tu; C u Tu. Thuc h Mao Lng (Ranunculaccae) Cy mc hoang cc vng ni cao bin gii min Bc nc ta. L mt loi cy thn tho. Cao 0,6-1 mt. Thn mc thng ng, c lng. L hnh mt chim, chia thnh ba thy, c rng ca na trn. Hoa ln mu xanh tm, mc thnh chm di 5-15 cm. Qu c 5 i, mng nh giy, ht c vy trn mt. Ngi ta thng thi mng, ngm ru dng xoa bp au nhc, sai khp, dp gy chn tay. Ngi ta cn dng tm c u cc mi tn sn bn. NHNG CY C KHC Cn v s cy c c mang c cht, m khi dng lm thc phm, th cc bn c th vong mng, nhng chng ti khng th k ht v khng c tiu bn, cng nh khng kh nng. Cho nn cc bn cn phi tht thn trng khi dng cy c lm thc phm. Tuy nhin, c nhiu cy khng cn n m ch cn va chm, hay b dnh m, th cc bn cng b tn thng, tiu biu cho
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nhng loi l: Cy mt mo:
tn khoa hc Mucuna Pruriens Papilionaecca. Thuc h u (Fabaceac) L mt loi dy leo hng nin, mc t hoang, rng chi, trng c, rng tha, rng ti sinh... t khi mc rng rm... Thn, l, tri u c lng t. Hoa mu tm thm, chm thng. Tri hi cong, khi gi c mu nu en ph y lng vng, loi lng ny rt nga. Khi cc bn v tnh chm phi hay do gi thi bay n, th nga ngy kh chu v cng, cng gi cng nga. Nu vo mt th c th b m tm thi. Nu b dnh lng mt mo, th cc bn ng gi m hy p dng mt trong nhng phng php sau: - Dng rm, c kh, giy... t thnh ngn la ri h pht mt da cho lng mt mo b chy i th nga. - Nm cm thnh vt (cm np cng tt) ln trn ch nga cho lng mt mo dnh theo. - Dng bng keo to bn dn p vo ni nga ri lt ra, lng mt mo s dnh theo bng keo.
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Cy sn:
Mc hoang khng rng ni v ng bng nc ta. L mt loi cy nh, cao t 2-5 m. khi l cn non mu tm thm. Thn mu xm. Tri hnh cu, mu xm. Nhng ngi d ng vi cy sn s b ph mt v c th khi chm phi Cy hng th:
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Mc hoang cc nhng cng m ly, cc vng ca sng ngp mn, ven b bin. Thn cy bao ph mt lp phn trng, l dy, cng. Qu hnh cu, kt thnh chm, hay n l. Cy hng th c nha rt c, dnh vo da s b phng dp, vng vo mt c th b m. NGUY T NG VT
Khc vi thc vt c rt nhiu cy tri mang theo v s cht c trong mnh. t ng vt c cht c khi lm thc phm, tr mt vi loi m chng ta d dng nhn dng. Nhng chng li thng ch ng gy hi cho chng ta, t loi mnh th to ln tn cng gy thng vong n cc loi c nc c gy au n cht chc hoc cc cn trng mang theo nhng mm bnh nguy him khn lng. V th chng ta cn phi bit mt s bin php phng cng nh i ph vi chng. CC LOI MNH TH Ngy nay, nhiu loi mnh th gn nh tuyt chng trn hnh tinh ca chng ta, nu cn th s lng khng ng k, tuy nhin thnh thong qua cc thng tin, chng ta vn cn nghe mt s ngi b mnh th tn cng v thng l t vong hoc mang thng tch trm trng... Nhng thng th chng khng ch ng tn cng chng ta, tr trng hp ang gi con hoc b khiu khch phi t v, hay qu i. Khi bt buc phi i din vi mnh th, iu ct yu l bn ng bao gi b chy, v tc ca bn kh lng m thng c cc loi th rng, cho d ch l con si con tm thng... v
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khi b chy, chnh cc bn kch thch tp tnh sn bt hung hn ca cc loi th. Hy bnh tnh i din vi chng trong t th sn sng chin u v nhn trng trng vo chng bng mt cp mt rc la cho n lc chng b i
Nu b tn cng, cho d l cp, beo, s t, gu, heo rng, ch si... th con ng sng st duy nht ca cc bn l chin u v phi ch ng tn cng quyt lit, dng bt k vt g c th lm v kh (cnh cy, cc ...) v c nm m ca cc bn, nhm thng vo tim v yt hu, nhng hy lu l loi v kh ny, nu ch lm chng b thng th chng s tr nn hung hn hn. Khi chin u quyt lit, c th cc bn s b mt s thng tch, nhng cng cn hn l l phi cht. phng th d tn cng: nhng ni hoang d, th rng thng b hp dn bi mi thc n ca chng ta nu nng ( Chu M, gu v mt s ln loi th c bo v nn chng rt ng c v thng lng sc thc n ca nhng ngi i cm tri v i khi tn cng h). Cho nn cc bn khng nn nu nng, n ung gn lu v trn gi. Thc phm tn tr v dng c nu nng, chn da, o qun dnh thc n (nht l c)... phi c treo cao xa lu, di gi. Nu c th ca bn dnh mi c, th nn tm ra tht sch. Ban m, cc bn nn t mt ng la gn ni bn ng v gi cho la chy thnh ngn lin tc. Khi cn di chuyn, cc bn nn mang theo lao hay gy nhn lm v kh, mt tay cm mt cy roi mnh qut vt vt trong khng kh gy ra nhng ting rt x gi lm cho th hong s. Cn thn khi di chuyn rng tha, trng c, ba rng, ng mn, dc theo sng sui, ni ly nc... LOI B ST Rn v n: Loi b st ny rt nguy him, v chng hin din khp ni v kh nhn thy. Chng li c nc c rt d s, c th gy cht ngi trong mt thi gian ngn. Ngy nay, rn l mt nguy c rt ln cho nhng ngi sinh sng trong vng hoang d. Tht ra trong gn 2.400 loi rn c mt trn tri t, ch c 1/6 loi l c nc c, v cng ch c mt t trong s l c nc mnh gy cht ngi. Tiu biu cho loi ny c: h mang, rung chung, chm qup, rn lc...
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n l mt loi thuc h Rn bin (Hydrophidae). Thn mnh rt ging rn nhng khc l phn ui dp dn v pha sau nh mt mi cho. Trong 15 loi n c mt ti vng bin Vit Nam th hu ht u c nc c, trong c mt s loi c coi l cc c so vi rn trn cn, nhng n ch cn ngi khi cn phi t v... Nhng loi n chng ta thng gp l: n cm, n m, n vt...
Do tc hi khc nhau ca nc c tng loi rn, cho nn khi mt ngi b rn cn, cc bn hy c gng xc nh l loi rn g? c hay khng c? Nu l rn c th n thuc loi no? DA VO VT CN Rn c: rn c thng li hai vt rng nanh su, t chy mu nhng rt au nhc v sng ty, nc cng ngm th cng au v sng nhiu, ch hai vt nanh bm tm.
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Rn khng c: Vt cn ca rn khng c th li u ca hai hm rng, nhng khng thy du ca rng nanh, vt cn chy mu.
Mt loi rn c u c mt cu trc rng v mc c khc nhau, cho nn vt cn li trn mnh nn nhn cng khc nhau, nu c kinh nghim, da vo du rng, ngi ta c th chn on loi rn cn. DA VO A TH Theo tp tnh v ni ca rn, chng ta thng gp Rn h ni i ni, g ng, bi rm, ni cao ro... Khi cn, thng ngc cao, bnh c, th ph ph. Rn mai gm thng sng ni m t, ban m thng kim n theo b rung m. Rn lc xanh thng sng ni b c, bi cy. Rn chm qup thng sng cc vng t , n in cao su, rng ct ven bin... hay nm bn l ng, ban m khi gp ngi i ngang th phng ti cn v ngm rt cht, phi mnh chn mi vng ra, cn xong rng cn dnh li. Ban ngy, chm qup ch cn khi cn t v, cn xong l b chy ngay nn khng li rng. DA VO TRIU CHNG CA NN NHN Thnh phn ha hc ca mi loi nc rn khc nhau, do tc ng sinh hc trn c th nn nhn cng khc nhgau. Ngi ta thng phn bit nc rn thnh hai nhm chnh 1-Nhm c t mu (hermorragin): Tc ng ch yu lin h tim mch, gy phn gii hng cu, ng mu v chy mu, lm co huyt qun, gy try tim... Gm nc ca cc loi thuc h Rn lc (viperideae). Rn rung chung (crotalidac)
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2- Nhm c t thn kinh (neurotoxin): Tc ng ch yu lin h thn kinh, h hp. Gy lit tay, lit c honh, cui cng ngt th v cht... Gm cc loi Rn bin (hydrophydac) Rn h (elapidac) TRIU CHNG LM SNG GIA HAI NHM C T
CP CU Khi b rn c cn, hy bnh tnh, cng t c ng ch b rn cn cng tt. Nu b cn chn th khng nn i li, ngay c mt bc (nu iu c th c). Cp cu nn nhn theo trnh t sau: 1- t ai ch huyt (garrot) cch vt cn 5-10 cm v pha tim. ( cho mu lu thng nui phn di) ri ct li. 2- Ty nc ti ch bng nc x phng, nc vi, nc phn, nc c cht chua, cht cht, thuc tm... 3- Dng dao nhn, bn sch, rch rng ch 2 vt nanh thnh 2 hnh ch thp. Ht mu c ra ngoi bng cch nn tay, dng ng gic hi, ng gic cao su, ng tim 10cc hoc dng ming (nu ming khng c vt try xt, su rng... ) Lu : Nu vt cn trn 30 pht th khng cn ht, v khng ch li g m i khi cn c hi thm
Cc bn c th dng cc ht nc bo ch t mt ming sng hu nai hm lu trong ni kn, t ti vt cn trung ha lng nc. Tc dng ca nc rn nhanh chng v ch xy ra trong mi trng trung tnh hay axit, v hiu lc trong mi trng km. Do cc cht sau y c tc dng lm h hy nc rn: Cloramin T, thuc tm, tanin, saponin, papain (trong m u ), bromelin (trong qu da) than hot tnh, dch ty tang, nc vi, nc javel... IU TR Tim huyt thanh khng nc (nu c) Cho nn nhn ung ru hi v vin hi. Ru hi th c 10-30 pht ung mt chung. Vin hi th vin u cho nn nhn nhai ra xc p vo vt cn v ngy ung 2 ln, mi ln 3 vin,
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lin tip trong 3 ngy. V ru hi l mt bi thuc rt hiu nghim, cha c hu ht cc loi nc rn, cc bn nn chun b sn trc khi i thm him hay vo nhng ni hoang d Bi thuc gm: - Ng linh chi 20 gr - Xuyn bi mu 24gr - Sinh Nam Tinh 24gr - Bch ch 24 gr - Qu 24 gr - Bch thc 12 gr - Bch u khu 24 gr - H th 40 gr - Thanh Phn 24gr - Bo sn Gip 24 gr - Hng Hong 40 gr. Tt c cc v thuc trn, tn nh, ngm vi 1,5 lt ru 35 , trong 10 ngy th dng c. Nu cn gp th chng cch thy trong 4 gi. p thuc ti ch: Dng cc cy c c tanin nh: i, Sim, Mua, Lu, Sung, Tr (ch) Lm m c th: Bng cc loi cy nh: Qu, Gng, Ta t, Ti, i hi, inh Hng, Ta, L Lt, Kinh Gii, Tr m. Chng co tht ph qun: Dng cc cy nh; C c dc, Bi mu, Bn h, Nam Mc Hng. Chng au nhc: p li ti ch nhng v thuc ti c cht nhy nh; Bng Bp; Mung tru, Mng ti, B ngt, Rau Lang, Nht hng g... Chng vim nhim v sau; L Mng tay, Phn en, V b, Xuyn tm lin, Cam tho nam, c Li rn, Mn tru, Ngh, Vi voi, Si t, t sy. Khai thng ng dn thot (gan, mt, rut) H th , Mung tru, i hong, Ngh rm, rau M, rau Sam, c Tranh, Da di, Bm bm, Rau ng CC BI THUC TR RN CN Bi thuc s 1 - 20 gr b ngt (hoc rau rm hay cy Kim vng) - 5 gr Phn chu Tt c b chung gi nhuyn, vt nc ung, xc p ln vt ct. Bi thuc s 2: - 6-7 l tru - 1 qu cau - 1 cht vi n tru - 1 ming Qu bng na ngn tay t gi nhuyn Tt c trn chung cho vo ming nhai, nut ly nc ct. Hoc gi ra vt ly nc ung. (Trch trong Dc L Tr Liu ca GS Bi Ch
Hiu)
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Bi thuc s 3: o ly mt nm c c (c gu) gi ly nc ha vi nc tr chanh cho ung. Rt hiu nghim (y l mt trong nhng bi thuc) qu trong dn gian) Bi thuc s 4: - Ht hng b sy kh 100gr - Ht hoc l vng vang sy kh 100gr - Hoa hoc l bng bo sy kh 100 gr Cc th trn tn tht nh, ng gi nylon, c 25gr mt gi, bo qun ni kh ro. Khi dng th ho vi 100 ml cn 75 hay ru 45 lc cho tan thuc. Dng bng chm thuc bi n chn qung (do chy nc) t pha trn bi dn xoy trn c n vt cn. (khng bi ln vt cn), cch 10-15 pht bi mt ln. Khi qung gim th 2-3 gi bi mt ln. y l bi thuc gia truyn ca dn tc Mng. tng ng dng nhiu ni, k c trong qun i, u c kt qu rt tt Bi thuc s 5: - Ht u nc (cn gi l u c, u rng). Mc hoang trong rng. Tn khoa hc cha c xc nh r. Thuc loi Mucuna, h u (Fabaceae).
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L mt loi dy leo thn g, l ging nh l sn dy. Hoa mc chm mu tm en. Tri ging bao ng king eo mt, mu en, c lng ph, cha khong 4 ht to gn bng ht mt. V ht cng, bng c vn loang l trng rt p, c mt ng sng mu nu chy di trn mt na mp ht Cch dng: Khi b rn c cn, dng ht b i dc theo ng sng gia (sau khi nn mu, st trng. Ly na ht p mt trong vo vt cn bng li, nu ht nc ht t bong ra. Sau 10-12 gi m vn cn sng th thay tip na ht u khc. CH : Ht c cht c, khng c ung. THCH : Trng hp rn c cn vo bn tay. Lm cho bn tay v bn chn sng ph, cng to... Hy dng kim ln (kim tam lng hay kim tim ln bng thp khng r) thch cho dch c tit nhanh ra ngoi, trnh gy hoi t. - Bn tay sng ph th thch vo huyt Bt t (bn tay sng) - Bn chn sng ph th thch vo huyt Bt Phong (bn sng) V tr huyt Bt t: cc khe ngn tay trn ch tht trng giao nhau, mi tay c 4 huyt.
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V tr huyt Bt Phong: cc khe ngn chn b trn ch tht trng giao nhau, mi chn c 4 huyt.
Phng php thch: St trng kim thch v vng huyt. Bn tay hay bn chn bn sng xui. Tay phi cm kim thch nhanh vo cc huyt nh chm, mi kim hng ln mu bn tay hay bn chn. Ty theo sng to hay nh quyt nh thch su hay cn (t 5-15 mm). Lm cho dch c (c th ln c mu) chy xung l c. Sau khi thch xong, dng tay nh nhng p cho dch chy xung. Nu sau , dch c tng lm sng tr li th tip tc thch nh trn. Mt ngy c th thch 2-3 ln. Sau 1-2 ngy s bt sng. Khi thch huyt, ng thi nn cho ung cc bi thuc gii nc. CC MN THUC NGOI KHOA * Nu git c con rn, sau khi thc hin cc bin php cp cu, m rut con rn ly gan v mt p ln vt cn, s nhanh chng gim au * Bt 7-9 con rp nut sng vi nc si ngui, sau 10 pht s gim au nhc. Nhng ngi i rng thng bt rp b vo chai nh mang sn theo trong mnh, nu b rn cn th ly ra ung ng thi bp nt vi con rp bi vo vt cn cp cu. * Dng dch m o ca ph n bi ln (C th cc bn s ci nho hai cch trn y, nhng tc gi thy tn mt trn 3 ngi c cu bng nhng phng php ny) * Tm mt trong nhng cy sau y, nhai hay gi vi mui, vt ly nc ung, b p ln vt cn: B cu v, By l mt hoa, Chua ngt, r v l u , Rm ngh, Ct ng, ban nht, t...
PHNG RN CN Thng thng th rn khng ch ng tn cng ngi, tr trng hp phi t v. Rn hay n np trong cc lm cy, bi c, ng l , trn cc cnh cy, ven b nc... Khi di chuyn trong
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cc khu vc nghi ng c rn, cc bn nn: - Cn thn xem ch m mnh sp t chn xung - Dng cnh cy khua khng vo bi rm trc khi thc tay chn vo ly vt g hay hi tri cy. - Mang giy ng hoc mc qun o rng, di, dy... - Cn thn trc khi mang giy hay mc qun o, v rn c th n np trong . - Tm hiu cc tp tnh v bit cc phn bit cc loi rn, nht l rn c. - Bit cc s cu v iu tr khi b rn cn. GHI CH: S d chng ti cp kh nhiu v mc RN CN l do ni hoang d, cc bn d b rn cn hn l b cc loi th khc tn cng. Khi b rn cn, cc bn cng rt d b t vong nu khng bit cch cp cu v iu tr. Hin nay trn th gii, s ngi b rn cn hng nm ln n hng chc, thm ch hng trm ngn ngi v t l t vong cng rt cao, trong khi s ngi b mnh th tn cng khng c l bao. * Lu : a s nhng ngi b rn khng c cn c iu tr thnh cng bng cc dc tho gia truyn, do c s ng nhn v hiu lc ca thuc, cc bn nn cn thn. C SU V THN LN HT (Gila monster) Trong lp b st, cn c hai loi c th gy nguy him cho chng ta l c su v thn ln ht C Su: Cc loi c su (ln hay nh) thng sinh sng trong nhng vng hoang vu trn th gii, trong cc m ly, cc dng sng... v c mt loi su rt ln sng ven b bin, hoang o. C su t khi ch ng tn cng ngi trn cn, tr khi b khiu khch, nhng nu cc bn ang vng vy di nc l mt chuyn khc, n s tr thnh hung thn. B c su (Crocodilians): c 3 h 1- H c su chnh thc (Crocodililidae): c 3 ging l Crocrodylus, Osteolemus v Tomistoma. 2- H mnh ngc (Alligatorlidae): gm 4 ging: Alligator, Caiman, Melanosuchus v Paleososchus) 3- H c su mm di (Gavialidae); ch c mt loi duy nht sng n gi l c su sng Hng (Gavialis gangeticus)
Vit Nam cc bn thng gp 2 loi c su l: 1- C su xim (Crocodylus siamensi). L loi su nh, di khong 3m, thn mu xm, u ngn v rng, sng nc ngt. 2- C su hoa c (Crocodylus porosus). Loi c su c th di hn 8m, thn mu vng c xen ln vy en, u di v thun, sng vng nc mn, ven bin. Ngoi ra, chng ta cn nhp khu ca Cuba loi su bn c (Crocodylus rhombifer) nui. Thn ln ht: ch thy vng Nam M, Trung M v Mexico. Loi thn ln c nc c ny khi cn cng gy cht ngi nh cc loi rn c. X l cng nh khi b rn c cn
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LU : Cc loi b st (k c nhng loi c nc c) u n c v rt ngon. Tuy nhin khi lm cc bn cng nn cn thn khi lm tht. Nn cht b u v lng rut, chn su xung t phng dm phi. NGUY HIM DI NC di nc, ngoi cc loi n v mt s rn c nh trnh by trn, cc bn cn c th gp mt s nguy him khc nh b c su, c mp, c piranha... tn cng, b chm vo xc tu ca cc loi sa lm bng rt, lit c... bt nhm c chnh hay c ui in b in git, n trng c nc hay c c c th vong mng... Chng ta th im qua mt s loi c th gy nguy him cho chng ta. C MP: C ti 354 loi c mp, nhng trong ch c chng 30 loi l thc s nguy him i vi con ngi, ng u danh sch ny l c mp trng, c mp xanh, c mp h, c mp u ba... Ring Vit Nam chng ta c th gp mt s c mp ngoi nhng loi k trn nh: C mp en, c mp bo, c mp kim, c mp ging, c mp co, c mp x... S d c mp tr thnh Hung thn bin c l v ngoi tnh hung d, phm n, sc khe... thin nhin cn ph cho n nhng b phn pht trin rt hon ho pht hin v nh v con mi
Chng cn rt t m, c vic g xy ra trn bin l chng ti ngay tm hiu. C khi chng bi st ti gn v c vo vt l (da c mp rt nhm, c th gy thng tch) hoc ngom nh thm d, nu cc bn b chy mu l coi nh l mt ming mi ngon ca n. C mp cn tn cng con mi theo mi nc tiu hay nhng ng vt c c ng khng bnh thng
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Nguyn nhn ch yu c mp tn cng ngi khng phi ch do i m cn do b kch ng nh ngi thy mi mu tanh, mi thc n nm xung bin, nghe nhng ting va chm ca tu thuyn, ting n Phng chng c mp: * Nhng ngi b thng chy mu khng c xung nc. * Khng nm nhng vt c mu hay c mi mu xung bin v nh th s thu ht c mp n. * Khng b r tay chn xung nc hai bn mn xung, v c mp c th tn cng bt ng. * Khng ci b o qun khi trong vng c c mp, phng lp da th rp ca c mp c phi lm b thng chy mu * Ci b nhng vt lp lnh v pht sng nh ng h, dy chuyn, huy chng, cha kha * Bi nh nh, mm mi, uyn chuyn, trnh nhng ng tc mnh bo lm kch ng c mp * Khi thy c mp ln vng th thng l du hiu chun b tn cng, phi nhanh chng ln thuyn hay ln b ngay *C mp thng tn cng vo thi im cc bn ri khi mt nc (lc ngi cn na trn na di). V vy, cc bn cn nm chc thi c, khi thy c mp s tn cng khng kp th lp tc ln xung hay ln b ngay. * Nu thy c mp bi v hng mnh th khng c hong s bi tho chy (chc chn cc bn khng th no bi nhanh bng c mp) lm nh th ch kch thch tnh hung hn ca c mp m thi. Nn bnh tnh tm cch i ph nh dng sng bn (nu c) dao m, gy chc... Nu tay khng th dng nm tay m thng vo mi c mp hay dui thng hai ngn tay chc mnh vo mt n. Ting tht ln v mnh cng lm cho c mp hong s b chy. * Sau ht, cc bn khng nn i bi nhng vng bin su, vng bin c ca sng, nht l thi gian t chp ti n rng sng. C PIRANHA: Nhng con c qu ny c gn 60 loi, tt c u thuc h Serrasalmidac. Loi ln nht c th di n 60 cm nng 10 kg, loi nh 10 cm, c nhiu mu khc nhau. C Piranha sng sng, h, ao, m ly... vng Nam M, t Venezuela cho n Bc Brazil. y l mt loi c cc k hung d, n tp, sng thnh by n, nhanh nhn, tinh khn, c hm rng rt khe v sc nhu dao x tht. Kch thc ca con mi khng c ngha g vi chng, nht l khi con mi (ngi hay vt) ang b chy mu. Vi mt con mi nng khong 10kg ch sau 5 pht l con tr li b xng. Ngay c khi b bt, c Piranha vn cn c th cn ngi. V vy, khng nn li qua nhng ni c c piranha, nht l khi ang b thng, c mu chy. Cng may m Vit Nam khng c loi c ny.
C IN C khong 50 loi c pht ra in sn mi v t v, nhng con c ny c gi l c in.
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Cc ng dn nc ta rt s mt loi c ui c bit: c ui in (Torpedo= C tht) Khi cu ln thuyn ri nu l chm phi l b git cho t nga. Ngi ta o c in th loi c ny l 360V C chnh in Nam M c th mang in th n 600V, sng sng Ampazon v sng Orinoco, c chnh in c th di hn 2m v nng khong 20 kg
C tr in di gn 1m, c tm thy nhng vng nc ngt Chu Phi. Loi c ny gy nhng c sc in mnh gn bng c chnh in. Loi c in nh gi l c trng sao khng di hn 30 cm, thng vi mnh trong ct phc kch cc con vt nh. Khi ng n n, s b git lm cho t lit v d dng bin thnh mi cho n. CC LOI C C GAI C Mt s loi c mang trn mnh gai c t v, nhng loi c ny cc bn c th n tht, nhng khi nh bt th phi thn trng, in hnh cho loi ny l C ui gai:
Loi c c mt hay hai ci gai nm ui, gn cui c th, u gai c nhng tuyn cha. C thng n mnh di ct rt kh thy, khi b khiu khch hay v tnh dm phi, n s qut mnh ui vo i th, gy au n, nhc nhi v t lit cho k th C ngt:
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C hnh dng ging nh c tr nhng to ln hn. c trang b nhng ci gai sc nhn hai bn hng v trn lng. Nu cc bn b cc loi c ny m phi, th s b nhc nhi v cng. C mu (mt qu), c :
Sng vng bin ng Nam v chu i Dng, thng n mnh trong cc hc v bi rong. Khng c vy, nhng c th chng c bao bc bng nhng gai sc nhn c cha nc c. Nc c ca cc loi c ny (nht l c mu la) c th gy hoi th, thm ch c trng hp cht ngi C rng bin:
Thng sng cc vng bin chu u, tht ngon nhng c nc c gai np mang v vy trn lng. Khi b chch th rt au but v c th lm cht ngi Theo kinh nghim ca ng dn, khi b c rng m vo, th lp tc xoa vt thng ln ct hay bi m hoc cp cu nh khi b rn cn. C dy (Scorpena):
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Loi c ny cng cha nc c trong cc vy khin cho vt thng rt au but. Ngoi ra, chng ta cn gp Vit Nam nhng loi c quen thuc c gai c nh: c tr, c c, c cht, c ngt sc, c nu, c ra, c vt... v mt s c c mt mt s vng trn th gii nh: c monk, c surgeon, c zebra, c weever, c thom...
CC LOI C C CHT C C nc: Hin nay, ngi ta thng k c khong 60 loi c nc, phn na trong s ny c cha c t bn trong. nc ta c khong 20 loi c nc, mt s loi sng nc ngt nh: c nc Mt, c nc Vng... Nhng phn nhiu l c nc sng nc mn nh: c nc Hm (Hm), c nc nhm, c nc M, c nc Go, c nc Tn Nhan, c nc Rn, c nc Phi (Trng Phi), c nc Thu... Trong s c 2 loi cc c, ng dn khng dm ng n l c nc Phi v c nc Thu. S cn li, nu bit cch lm v nu, c th n c.
C nc l loi c mnh trn, thn ngn, c nhiu gai, khng c vy hay vy km pht trin, mt li, ming nh c rng gn vi nhau thnh tm lng mu nu hoc xanh hay vng ty theo loi c, bng trng. c bit khi gp nguy him th ngm hi v phnh bng to ra nh qu bng. Trong mnh c nc mang nhng cht cc c nh l terrodotoxin, ciguatoxin, ciguaterin... tp trung ch yu gan, rut, v c bng, nht l t thng Hai n thng By l ma sinh sn. Mc d mt vi loi c nc l c sn (c nc Nhm, c nc M, c nc Hm... ) tht n rt ngon. Nhng nu cc bn khng phi l tay chuyn nghip th nn trnh xa, cho d n c thm ngon v hp dn n u i
na
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Khi b trng c c nc, trc tin, thy t li v mi, rn rang u ngn, tay ngn chn nh kin b, tip theo l nn ma, nhc u chong vng, kh chu trn v trng mt, ng t gin, da tm, thn nhit v huyt p h. Sau 2 gi, nu khng cu cha, ton thn s b t lit, lc ging, hm cng (nhng vn tnh to) ch trc khi cht mi bt tnh, lit h hp ri cht (t l t vong 60%). Ni chung, nu sau 24 gi m vn cn sng th c c may cu thot. Theo kinh nghim dn gian, c c nc c th gii bng nc da, nc qu trm, nc r rau mung. Nng tri bng vi ri sc ung. p mui ton thn ch cha mt mi. Cho ung than hot tnh hay dng 2 mung canh tro thc vt pha trong 1 lt nc lng ri cho ung. Nhng cng cn ty theo nhim c nng hay nh. Cc loi c khc: Khi kho cu v c t ca cc sinh vt bin, nhiu nh sinh vt hc rt bi ri. C nhiu loi c cha bao gi nghe ni n m b trng c, th m li c th gy ha. Mt s c c vng ny nhng khng c vng khc, mt s ch gy c vi ba thng trong nm C chnh:
vng bin Hc Hi, c hng ngn ngi cht v c chnh bin, trong khi ng Nam l mt mn c sn. Nhiu nghin cu cho thy cht c nm trong mu, c l do c n nhng sinh vt mang trong mnh nhiu c t trong vng sinh trng ca n. y cng l mt loi c d, hay cn ngi. C lch (maraelae):
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l mt loi tng t nh c chnh, sng a Trung Hi, i Ty Dng v n Dng, tht rt ngon nhng mu rt c. c cht i khi cn thy hin din trong mu ca cc loi c ming trn, c tinca, c chp, c ng, c ui in... Mt s loi c cng cha cht c trong trng nh c Cung (schizothorax) c Da Chut (diptychus)... c tht lnh v c gi tr kinh t vng Trung , nhng trng ca n rt c, cho nn trc khi ch bin, phi b ht ni tng.
Ngay c loi c nhng (barracudas) m chng ta vn thng n, nhng vn c nhiu ngi b trng c, t ming, nga mi phi i bnh vin
C C Loi c sn bin hnh nn (contesnail) c vn cm thch nhn rt p, nhng xin ch lm, nu gim phi chng, s b tim nhng ngi nc, c khng thua nc rn h, rt au n v c th cht ngi
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SAM C Loi Sam (cn gi l cua mng nga) thng sng vng ct pha bn ven b bin, c tht v trng n rt ngon, nhng cc bn phi cn thn vi nhng con Sam bt c vng nc l (ng dn gi l Sam lng hay con So) c kch thc nh hn, mnh nhiu lng, ui trn (thay v tam gic nh Sam thng) i l (khng bt cp), tht rt c, cht ngi, khng th n c. Ngoi ra, nu cc bn bt c nhng con cua m thy hi d dng, b que ra m thy c cht lng nh m th ng n
SA, THY CU Sa: L mt sinh vt gn nh trong sut, c thn hnh nh mt ci d, mu trng, xanh l hay hng, c hay khng c im nhng chm mu nu, . Cc loi sa thng thy ven bin nc ta l sa R, sa Sen, sa La...
L mt loi thc phm kh ph bin ca ng dn, nhng nu bn b n chch khi ang bi li th rt au n nh bng rt, c th b lit c, nn rt nguy him. Nhng nguy him nht l cc loi sa sau
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Thy cu v sa Hp: Thy cu c tn khoa hc l Physalia phisalis. L mt sinh vt trng ging nh sa nhng c nhng cnh tay rt di v mm, lng thng chm su trong nc. Trn mi cnh tay c nhiu hp khu cha y cht c nguy him hn nc rn.
Do tc ng vi ln tinh trong nc bin, chng pht ra mun ngn mu sc rc r. Trc y, mt an thy th Anh ang tun tra ven bin B o Nha, trng thy mt khi nh sng lp lnh mu, h cho y l chin thuyn ca B o Nha nn nh tn hiu cho nhng khng thy tr li. Sau , h khm ph ra y ch l mt n thy cu. T ngi ta quen gi n l Chin thuyn B o Nha (PORTUGUESE MAN OF WAR) m qun hn tn n l Thy cu hay Physalia physalis. Thy cu thng tri ni bnh bng trn dng Gulf Stream, Bc bin Caribe n Nova Scotia, n cn lng vng trn Thi Bnh Dng v i Ty Dng. Nhng tay bi li ngoi bin m gp phi thy cu th k nh kh m sng st. V th ngi ta cn gi n l T THN CA BIN. Sa hp (Chironex Fleckeri): Tn st nhn ca bin ny c mt danh sch nn nhn kh di, phn ln l tr em ven bin Bc c, n cn c h hng Chu Phi, Trung M... N thot khi s nhn din ca cc nh khoa hc cho mi n nm 1956. Mt con sa hp c khong 60 xc tu trng nh mt m dy hn n, trong cha hng t ti cht c hn c rn h mang, sc git cht 20 ngi n ng khe mnh. Nu xc tu ca chng tip xc ng mc, nn nhn s cht sau 2-3 pht Khi b tip xc vi sa hp m cn sng st, th ngi ta di dm ln mnh ca nn nhn cp cu.
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Nhng nguy him khc: Khi bi ln di nc, ngoi cc ng nguy him nh k trn, cc bn cn c th gp mt s sinh vt c th gy thng tch thm ch nguy n tnh mng ca cc bn nh: Hu : Bm rt chc vo nhng tng ven bin, c cnh rt sc bn. Nu cc bn trt chn t trn nhng tng c hu bm, chc chn s c nhng vt thng nh i c inh, c kn:
C th luc n c, nhng nu gim ln n l thng chn, v t ca n rt nhn. Cu gai hay nhm bin: Thng gp ra ngm vnh ai san h... c gai di v nhn mang cht c gy l lot. S nn khng l:
C nhiu qun o Trng Sa, Hong Sa ca nc ta v vnh ai san h nc c... y l mt loi s khng l, c khi to hn ci nn l, tht n c. Nhng nu bn cho tay vo hay v tnh gim chn vo l n kp dnh bn cho n lc bn cht ui. Nu mun ly ttht n, trc ht cc bn phi chm hai mnh v li bng cy hay Nhn c: Trong cc loi cn trng c, c l nhn l con vt mang mm c cao nht. C nhng con nhn ch vi mt vt cn b t xu, vi mt chm cht c bng u kim, git cht mt con ngi. Tuy nhin, trong s 40.000 loi nhn khc nhau, ch c 100 loi vi nc c c kh nng gy kh chu cho con ngi, nhng ch c khong 10 loi l tht s nguy him. Tiu biu nht l ga ph en (Black Widow). y khng phi l loi nhn c nht, nhng n ng c v ph bin vng Chu M. Ch c nhn ci mi e da con ngi. nh hng ca vt cn n sau 1-2 gi. Nn nhn co git lin hi v b ngt th, c khi nn nhn hong lon thn kinh la ht s hi, cho d nc ca n him khi lm cht ngi nhng n vn rt ni ting.
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Chu M cn c mt loi nhn c cng kh ng c na l nhn nu (Brown Recluse) c nc c nh go ph en v cn gy hoi th.
Tuy nhin, hai loi nhn trn cng cn thua xa loi nhn Funnel- Web Sydney nc c c v nc c ln tnh hung hng ca n
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Vi b nanh di gn 1 cm, loi nhn cc c ny tn cng mi sinh vt m n gp trn ng i. Ch vi pht sau khi b cn, cht c s tc dng ln c ca nn nhn, khin li b co tht, dt di chy lng thng, nn nhn nn ma, tot m hi, kh th, huyt p tng, cc bp tht qun qui nh th c n rn nm di da. Vi mt vt cn ca Funnel- Web, c th git cht mt em b sau vi gi hoc mt ngi ln sau vi ngy. nc c, cn c nhng loi nhn cc c khc nh (Phoneutia fera) c ngun gc t Nam M. Loi Atrax robustus cng l mt trong s 37 loi Funnel Web cc c... Ngoi ra, chng ta cng phi k thm loi nhn Loxosceles chu M, loi Tarantula rng Amazon, tuy t c hn cc loi trn, nhng khng km phn nguy him. Con rt (rt, ng cng):
C th ca rt thng l nh, nhng cng c con di ti 25 cm. Thn dt, bao gm khong 20 t, mi t mang mt i chn. u ngn, ming nm gia hai hm trn. i chn th nht bin thnh rng hm c mc cha nc c Rt thng n np di cc tng , thn cy, l cy, v cy mc, c kh, rc m... Chng hot ng ch yu v m. Khi b rt cn, tuy khng lm cht ngi, nhng sng nhc v au n, c th gy st, kh chu v cng. Cc bn hy dng mt trong nhng phng php sau y: - Bi vi ht qut (tc, kim qut) p vo vt cn. - Ly l bc h, hng chanh, rau sam. Gi p vo vt cn. - Nhai nh mt tp ti, p vo ch cn. a ch b cn vo gn ngn n hay la cho tht
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nng (khng b phng) yn vi pht, s gim au ngay. - Bt mt con nhn nh (tri th) cn sng, vo ch b cn; n s ht ht nc. B cp: Vit Nam, chng ta thng gp 2 loi b cp l: b cp ni v b cp ci. B cp ni: L loi ln, di khong 12cm, mnh mu xanh, en bng. Thng gp rng ni, hi o, t hoang... Tuy to ln nhng chch khng au nhc bng b cp ci. B cp ci:
L loi nh ch di t 5-6 cm c mu nu xm (ging mu v cy). Thng n mnh di cc tng , ng cy, hc cy, khe ni... v cng hay chui vo cc ng o qun, giy dp... Loi b cp ny chch rt au nhc, nht l khi n ang c cha. iu tr b cp chch cng ging nh khi b rt cn. Ong t: Thng thng th loi ong t khi tn cng ngi, tr khi chc ph hay b khiu khch. Khi ong bay n gn chng ta, khng nn dng tay xua ui, v nh th chng cho l tn cng. m nn bnh tnh, khng phn ng bng hnh ng, t n s bay i.
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Cc loi ong c ngi c thng gp Vit Nam v mt s nc trn th gii l: ong en, ong vng, ong l, ong mt, ong khoi, ong rui, ong st, ong bu, ong v v, ong bp cy, ong nga, ong t, t v... Mi loi u c nc c cng nh tp tnh khc nhau. Th d: Ong bu: l loi ong c vt t gy nguy him nht trong cc loi ong v n cha mt lng ln nc c v vi chch ca n rt di, c th xuyn thng n mch mu. Ong v v: loi ong ny kh d tn, vt t rt au nhc v n c th t nhiu ln v kim chch ca n khng b dnh li da k b t Ong khoi: l mt trong cc loi ong mt, rt ph bin y trong cc cnh rng trm min Ty Nam B. C
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c th to hn cc loi ong mt khc v cng d tn hn. Vi chch ca n dnh li da ngi b t, cho nn sau khi t, n s cht. Ong t tuy rt au nhc, nhng khng nguy him n tnh mng, tr khi b t mt lc t 50 con tr ln hoc c th ngi b d ng vi nc c. Khi b ong t, nu thy ong ngi nc li, th phi nh ra, sau hy dng mt trong nhng phng php sau: - Bi vi (n tru) hay kem nh rng vo ch b t - Tn nh Aspirin rc ln ni b t, s gim au. - Dng hnh ti hay na tri chanh ch ln ch b t - Dng ammoniac hoc dm bi ln ch b t. - p cht con ong, x xc p ln ch b t Ve cn: Ve ny khng phi l ve su ku trong ma h m l mt loi cn trng rt nh, c nhiu vng nhit i v nhit i, cng loi vi b ch nh. Bnh thng, ch bng u cy tm, khi ht no mu th phnh ln bng u chic a, u gi c gai, khi cn vo ngi hay th ht mu, gai ging ln bm cht vo c th nn nhn.
Khi b ve cn, nu cc bn cm con ve ko ra ngy th u gi s t dnh tr li trong da tht, gy nng st v lm nga ngy c nm mi ht. Mun trnh iu , cc bn nn dng u que nhang, que dim, iu thuc ang chy, chm vo t ca n ri t t mi li ra git, sau bi vi ln vt cn. Mui: Chng ta c th gp mui bt c ni no trn th gii. L mt ging cn trng b nh m nguy him ca n khng do vt t gy nga ngy kh chu m do nhng cn bnh cht ngi m n truyn cho con ngi nh: st rt ng nc, st vng da, st xut huyt... m chng ta khng cn l g. Bnh st rt do mui Anophele truyn sang ngi khi t. Bnh st da vng do mui Acdes. Bnh st xut huyt do loi mui vn...
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Cc bn nn tm mi cch trnh khng b mui cn bng cc cch sau: - Lm ch tr n ni cao ro - Ng trong mng nu c th - t la hun khi bng nhng cy c tinh du - Trt bn ln c th, nhng ni khng c o qun che ch. - Mc c o qun, giy v, gng tay, nu c th c. - Ngm mnh trong bn khng nhng c th chng c mui m cn trnh c th d, cn trng, rn rt... - Thoa thuc chng mui (insect repellent) nu c Cc loi cn trng khc: Cc bn cn c th gp mt s cn trng khc nhng ni hoang d nh: Rui tru (mng) cn rt au. Rui Tse Tse ( Nam Phi Chu): gy bnh ng dn n cht ngi. Rui rng (c nhiu Vit Nam): u trng (gii) vo cc vt thng, gy l li, nhim trng.. v rt nhiu cn trng khc m chng ti khng th k ht
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Sinh tồn nơi hoang dã, Thiên nhiên nguy hiểm - VN Thu quan

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Sinh tồn nơi hoang dã, Thiên nhiên nguy hiểm - VN Thu quan

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Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

nhng loi l: Cy mt mo:

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

C IN C khong 50 loi c pht ra in sn mi v t v, nhng con c ny c gi l c in.

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Chu M cn c mt loi nhn c cng kh ng c na l nhn nu (Brown Recluse) c nc c nh go ph en v cn gy hoi th.

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

Sinh tn ni hoang d, Thin nhin nguy him - VN Thu quan

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