Cac Cong Thuc Luong Giac Lop 10 5933

n t p Ton THPT http://www.thiendangtinhyeu.uni.
cc
M T S CNG TH C TON H C L P 10 & 11
1. Cc tnh ch t c b n c a b t ng th c:
1.1. Tnh ch t 1 (tnh ch t b c c u): a > b v b > c
a > c
1.2. Tnh ch t 2: a > b
a + c > b + c
T c l: N u c ng 2 v c a b t ng th c v i cng m t s ta c b t ng th c cng
chi u v t ng ng v i b t ng th c cho.
H qu (Quy t c chuy n v ): a > b + c
a c > b
1.3 Tnh ch t 3:
a b
a c b d
c d
>
+ > +
'
>
N u c ng cc v t ng ng c a 2 b t ng th c cng chi u ta c m t b t ng
th c cng chi u. Ch : KHNG c quy t c tr hai v c a 2 b t ng th c cng chi u.
1.4 Tnh ch t 4:
a > b
a.c > b.c n u c > 0

ho c a > b
c.c < b.c n u c < 0

1.5 Tnh ch t 5:
0
. .
0
a b
a c b d
c d
> >
>
'
> >
N u nhn cc v t ng ng c a 2 b t ng th c cng chi u ta c m t b t ng

th c cng chi u. Ch : KHNG c quy t c chia hai v c a 2 b t ng th c cng chi u.
1.6 Tnh ch t 6:
a > b > 0
a
n
> b
n
(n nguy n d ng)
1.7 Tnh ch t 7:
0
n n
a b a b > > > (n nguyn d ng)
2. B t ng th c Cauchy (C-si):
nh l: N u 0 a v 0 b th
.
2
a b
a b
+
. ng th c x y ra khi v ch khi: a = b
T c l: Trung bnh c ng c a 2 s khng m l n h n ho c b ng trung bnh nhn c a
chng.
H qu 1: N u 2 s d ng c t ng khng i th tch c a chng l n nh t khi 2 s
b ng nhau.
ngha hnh h c: Trong t t c cc hnh ch nh t c cng chu vi, hnh vung c di n
tch l n nh t.
H qu 2: N u 2 s d ng c tch khng i th t ng c a chng nh nh t khi 2 s
b ng nhau.
ngha hnh h c: Trong t t c cc hnh ch nh t c cng di n tch hnh vung c chu
vi nh nh t.
Email: duytrung8x@gmail.com Trang 1/18
n t p Ton THPT http://www.thiendangtinhyeu.uni.cc
3. B t ng th c ch a gi tr tr tuy t i:

0
0
x
x
x
>
'
>
T nh ngha suy ra: v i m i x R ta c:

a. |x| 0
b. |x|
2
= x
2
c. x |x| v -x |x|
nh l: V i m i s th c a v b ta c:
|a + b| |a| + |b| (1)
|a b| |a| + |b| (2)
|a + b| = |a| + |b| khi v ch khi a.b 0
|a b| = |a| + |b| khi v ch khi a.b 0
4. nh l Vi-et:
N u ph ng trnh b c 2: ax
2
+ bx +c = 0 (*) c 2 nghi m x
1
, x
2
(a
0) th t ng v tch 2
nghi m l:
S = x
1
+ x
2
=
b
a
P = x
1
.x
2
=
c
a
Ch :
+ N u a + b + c = 0 th ph ng trnh (*) c nhi m x
1
= 1 v x
2
=
c
a
+ N u a b + c = 0 th ph ng trnh (*) c nhi m x
1
= -1 v x
2
=
c
a
H qu : N u 2 s u, v c t ng S = u + v v tch P = u.v th chng l nghi m c a

ph ng trnh: x
2
S.x + P = 0
5. Chia o n th ng theo t l cho tr c:
a. nh ngha: Cho 2 i m phn bi t A, B. Ta ni i m M chia o n th ng AB theo t s k
n u MA kMB
uuur uuur
b. nh l: N u i m M chia o n th ng AB theo t s k

1 th v i i m O b t k ta c:
1
OA kOB
OM
k
uuur uuur
uuuur
6. Tr ng tm tam gic:
a. i m G l tr ng tm tam gic khi v ch khi: 0 GA GB GC + +
uuur uuur uuur r
n u x 0
n u x < 0
b. N u G l tr ng tm tam gic, th v i m i i m O ta c: 3OG OA OB OC + +
uuur uuur uuur uuur
7. Cc H Th c L ng Trong Tam Gic:
7.1. nh l Cosin trong tam gic:
nh l: V i m i tam gic ABC, ta lun c:
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 .cos
2 .cos
2 .cos
a b c bc A
b a c ac B
c b a ba C
+
+
+
7.2. nh l sin trong tam gic:
nh l: Trong tam gic ABC, v i R l bn knh ng trn ngo i ti p ta c:
2
sin sin sin
a b c
R
A B C

7.3. Cng th c di ng trung tuy n:
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 2 2
2
2 4
2 4
2 4
a
b
c
b c a
m
a c b
m
b a c
m
+

+

+

8. T s l ng gic c a m t s gc c n nh :
Gc
0
0
30
0
45
0
60
0
90
0
120
0
135
0
150
0
180
0
0
6
2
2
3
3
4
5
6
sin 0
1
2
2
2
3
2
1
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
cos 1
3
2
2
2
1
2
0
1
2

2
2
3
2
-1
tg 0
1
3
1 3 || 3 1
1
3
0
cotg || 3 1
1
3
0
1
3
1 3 ||
9. Cng th c bi n i tch thnh t ng:

1
cos .cos [cos( ) cos( )]
2
1
sin .sin [cos( ) cos( )]
2
1
sin .cos [sin( ) sin( )]
2
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
+ +
+
+ +
10. Cng th c bi n i t ng thnh tch:

cos cos 2cos .cos
2 2
cos cos 2sin .sin
2 2
sin sin 2sin .cos
2 2
sin sin 2cos .sin
2 2
a b a b
a b
a b a b
a b
a b a b
a b
a b a b
a b
+
+
+

+
+
+

11.Cng th c nhn i:
2 2 2 2
2
cos 2 cos sin 2cos 1 1 2sin
sin 2 2sin cos
2
2 ( , , )
1 2 2 2
a a a a a
a a a
tga
tg a a k a k k
tg a

+ +
Z
12. Cng th c nhn ba:

3
3
sin3 3sin 4sin
cos3 4cos 3cos
a a a
a a a

13. Cng th c h b c:
2
2
2
3
3
cos 2 1
cos
2
1 cos 2
sin
2
1 cos 2
1 cos 2
3sin sin3
sin
4
3cos cos3
cos
4
a
a
a
a
a
tg a
a
a a
a
a a
a
+
14. Cng th c c ng:

sin( ) sin cos cos sin
sin( ) sin cos cos sin
cos( ) cos cos sin sin
cos( ) cos cos sin sin
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
a b a b a b
+ +

+
+
Ngoi ra ta cng c cng th c sau v i m t s i u ki n:
( ) (*)
1 .
( ) (**)
1 .
tga tgb
tg a b
tga tgb
tga tgb
tg a b
tga tgb

+
+
+
(*) c i u ki n: , ,
2 2 2
a k b k a b k

+ + +
(**) c i u ki n:
, ,
2 2 2
a k b k a b k

+ + + +
15. Cng th c tnh tga, cosa, sina theo
2
a
t tg
:
2
2
2
2
2
sin
1
1
cos
1
2
,
1 2
t
a
t
t
a
t
t
tga a k
t

+
+

16. Cng th c lin h gi a 2 gc b nhau, ph nhau, i nhau v h n km nhau 1 gc
ho c
2
:
16.1. Hai gc b nhau:
sin( ) sin
cos( ) cos
( )
( )
a a
a a
tg a tga
cotg a cotga

16.2. Hai gc ph nhau:
sin( ) cos
2
cos( ) sin
2
( )
2
( )
2
a a
a a
tg a cotga
cotg a tga

16.3. Hai gc i nhau:
sin( ) sin
cos( ) cos
( )
( )
a a
a a
tg a tga
cotg a cotga

16.4 Hai gc h n km nhau
2
:
sin( ) cos
2
cos( ) sin
2
( )
2
( )
2
a a
a a
tg a tga
cotg a cotga
+
+
+
+
16.5 Hai gc h n km nhau

:
sin( ) sin
cos( ) cos
( )
( )
a a
a a
tg a tga
cotg a cotga
+
+
+
+
16.6. M t s cng th c c bi t:
sin cos 2 sin( )
4
sin cos 2 sin( )
4
x x x
x x x
+ +

17. T h p, hon v , ch nh h p:
17.1. Hon v :
+ nh ngha: M t hon v c a n ph n t l m t b g m n ph n t , c s p x p
theo m t th t nh t nh, m i ph n t c m t ng m t l n. S t t c cc hon v khc
nhau c a n ph n t k hi u l P
n

+ Cng th c : P
n
=1.2.3.....n = n !
17.2 Ch nh h p:
+ nh ngha: M t ch nh h p ch p k c a n ph n t ( 0 k n ) l m t b s p th t
g m k ph n t l y ra t n ph n t cho. s t t c cc ch nh h p ch p k c a n ph n t k
hi u l
k
n
A
+Cng th c :
( )
1
0
1
!
!
( 1)...( 1)
( )
!
1
!
k
n
k
n
k k
n n
n
n n
n
n n
n n
n
A
n k
A n n n k
A n k A
A P n
A
A A n
+

(qui c 0! = 1)
17.3 T ch p:
+ nh ngha: Cho m t t p h p a g m n ph n t (n nguyn d ng). M t t h p ch p k
c a n ph n t ( 0 k n ) l m t t p con c a a g m k ph n t . S t t c cc t h p ch p k
c a n ph n t k hi u l
k
n
C
+ Cng th c:
!
!( )!
( 1)...( 1)
!
k
n
k
n
n
C
k n k
n n n k
C
k
+ Tnh ch t:
0
0 1
1 1
1
1
... 2
k n k
n n
n
n n
n n
n n n
k k k
n n n
C C
C C
C C C
C C C
+ +
+

+ + +
+
17.4. Cng th c Newton:
T
k
l s h ng th k +1 c a khai tri n nh th c (a + b)
n
:
k n k k
k n
T C a b
0 1 1 2 2 2
( ) ... ...
n n n n m n m m n n
n n n n n
a b C a C a b C a b C a b C b

+ + + + + + +
18. Ph ng php t a trong m t ph ng v khng gian:
18.1 Trong m t ph ng:
Cho cc vec-t
1 1 2 2
( , ), ( , ) a x y b x y
r r
v cc i m
1 1 2 2
( , ), ( , ) A x y B x y
:
1 2 1 2
. a b x x y y +
r r
2 2
1 1
| | a x y +
r
2 2
2 1 2 1
( ) ( ) d AB x x y y +
1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2
cos( , )
x x y y
a b
x y x y
+
+ + +
r r

1 2 1 2
0 a b x x y y +
r r
18.2 Trong khng gian:
Cho cc vec-t
1 1 1 2 2 2
( , , ), ( , , ) a x y z b x y z
r r
v cc i m
1 1 1 2 2 2
( , , ), ( , , ) A x y z B x y z
:
1 2 1 2 1 2
. a b x x y y z z + +
r r
2 2 2
1 1 1
| | a x y z + +
r
2 2 2
2 1 2 1 2 1
( ) ( ) ( ) d AB x x y y z z + +
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
cos( , )
x x y y z z
a b
x y z x y z
+ +
+ + + +
r r

1 2 1 2 1 2
0 a b x x y y z z + +
r r
19. ng th ng trong m t ph ng v trong khng gian:
19.1 ng th ng trong m t ph ng:
a. Kho ng cch:
+ Kho ng cch t i m M(x
0
, y
0
) n ng th ng (d) : Ax + By + C = 0
0 0
2 2
| Ax | By C
MH
A B
+ +
+
+ Kho ng cch gi a hai ng th ng song song: Ax + By + C
1
= 0 v Ax + By + C
2
= 0
1 2
2 2
| | C C
A B
+
b. V tr t ng i 2 ng th ng:
(d
1
) : A
1
x + B
1
y + C
1
= 0
(d
2
) : A
2
x + B
2
y + C
2
= 0
1 1
1 2
2 2
1 1 1
1 2
2 2 2
1 1 1
1 2
2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
*( ) ( )
*( ) / /( )
*( ) ( )
*( ) ( )
A B
d d
A B
A B C
d d
A B C
A B C
d d
A B C
d d A A B B

+
c. Gc gi a 2 ng th ng:
(d
1
) : A
1
x + B
1
y + C
1
= 0
(d
2
) : A
2
x + B
2
y + C
2
= 0
1 2
( , ) d d
1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2
| |
cos
A A B B
A B A B
+ +
d. Ph ng trnh ng phn gic c a gc t o b i 2 ng th ng (d
1
)v (d
2
):
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 2 2
A x B y C A x B y C
A B A B
+ + + +
t
+ +
(gc nh n l y d u , gc t l y d u + )
e. Ph ng trnh chm ng th ng c tm l giao c a 2 ng th ng (d
1
)v (d
2
):
1 1 1 2 2 2
( ) ( ) 0 A x B y C A x B y C + + + + +
v i
2 2
0 + >
19.2 ng th ng trong khng gian:
Gc gi a 2 ng th ng:
(d
1
) c vector ch ph ng
1 1 1
( , , ) u a b c
r
(d
2
) c vector ch ph ng
2 2 2
( , , ) v a b c
r
l gc gi a (d
1
) v (d
2
)
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
| |
cos
a a b b c c
a b c a b c
+ +
+ + + +
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
( ) ( ) 0 d d a a b b c c + +
20. M t ph ng:
a. Kho ng cch t i m M(x
0
, y
0
) n m t ph ng (P): Ax + By + Cz + D = 0 l:
0 0 0
2 2 2
| | Ax By Cz D
MH
A B C
+ + +
+ +
b. Chm m t ph ng i qua giao tuy n c a 2 m t ph ng:
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
( ) : 0
( ) : 0
P A x B y C z D
Q A x B y C z D
+ + +
+ + +
l ph ng trnh m t ph ng c d ng:
1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) 0 A x B y C z D A x B y C z D + + + + + + +
21.C p s c ng:
+ nh ngha: C p s c ng l m t dy s trong , k t s h ng th hai u l t ng c a
s h ng ng ngay tr c n v i m t s khng i khc 0 g i l cng sai.
1
*,
n n
n N U U d
+
+
+ Tnh ch t c a c p s c ng :
1 2 1 n n n n
U U U U
+ + +

2
1
2
n n
n
U U
U
+
+
+
+ S h ng t ng qut:
1
( 1)
n
U U d n +
+ T ng n s h ng u:
1
( )
2
n
n
a a n
U
+
1
2 ( 1)
2
n
a d n
U n
+
22. C p s nhn:
+ nh ngha: C p s nhn l m t dy s trong s h ng u khc khng v k t s
h ng th hai u b ng tch c a s h ng ng ngay tr c n v i m t s khng i khc 0
v khc 1 g i l cng b i.
"n N
*
, U
n + 1
= U
n
.q
+ Tnh ch t :
1 2
1
n n
n n
U U
U U
+ +
+
1 2
.
n n n
U U U
+ +
, U
n
> 0
+ S h ng t ng qut :
U
n
= U
1
.q
n - 1
+ T ng n s h ng u tin:
1 2 1
1
...
1
n
n n
q
S U U U U
q
+ + +
+ T ng c a c p s nhn li v h n: V i |q| < 1

1
1 2
...
1
n n
U
S U U U
q
+ + +
CNG TH C TNH O HM & TCH

PHN 12
I. o hm:
1. B ng cc o hm c b n:
STT Hm s y o hm y
STT Hm s y o hm y
1 u
'
2
u
u
2
1
u
2
' u
u
3 e
u
u'.e
u
4 a
u
a
u
.lna.u
5 ln|u|
' u
u
6 log
a
u
'
.ln
u
u a
7 sinu cosu.u
8 cosu sinx.u
9 tgu
2
'
cos
u
u
10 cotgu
2
'
sin
u
u
11 y=f(u) v u=g(x) y
'
(x)
=y
(u)
.g
(x)
1 C 0
2 x 1
3 x
2
2x
4 x
1
2 x
5 x
n
n.x
n-1
6
1
x
2
1
x
7 e
x
e
x
8 a
x
a
x
.lna
9 ln|x|
1
x
(x
0)
10 log
a
x
1
ln x a
11 x
1
x

12 sinx cosx
13 cosx sinx
14 tgx
2
1
cos x
15 cotgx
2
1
sin x
2. Tnh ch t c a o hm:
a. (u + v) = u + v
b. (u v) = u v
c. (u.v) = u.v + u.v
d. (u.v.w) = u.v.w + u.v.w + u.v.w
e.
'
2
'. '. u u v v u
v v
_

,
II. Nguyn hm:
1. B ng cc nguyn hm c b n:
STT Hm s & Nguyn hm
1
dx x C +
2
1
1
x
x dx C
+
+
+

( 1)
3
ln | |
dx
dx x C
x
+

( 0) x
4
x x
e dx e C +
5
ln
x
x
a
a dx C
a
+

(0 1) a <
6
sin cos xdx x C +
7
cos sin xdx x C +
8
2
1
cos
dx tgx C
x
+

( )
2
x k
+
9
2
1
sin
dx cotgx C
x
+

( ) x k
2. M t s nguyn hm khc:
* Hm y =
( )
m
a
x
(m
1) . Hm s c d ng :
'
m
u
u
= u'.u
-m
(m
1) v i u = x-

Nguyn hm l :
( )
m
a
dx
x
= a.
1
1
( 1)( )
m
m x

+ C
* Hm y =
2
2ax b
ax bx c
+
+ +
. t t =
2
ax bx c + +
t' = 2ax + b
Hm s c d ng :
' t
t

H nguyn hm c a hm s l : ln|t| + C = ln|

2
ax bx c + + | + C

2
2
2
ln | |
ax b
dx ax bx c C
ax bx c
+
+ + +
+ +
* Hm
2
1
y
ax bx c
+ +
. Ta c cc tr ng h p sau :
+ M u s
2
ax bx c + + c 2 nghi m phn bi t x
1
,x
2
v gi s x
1
< x
2
. Ta c :
2
ax bx c + + =
1 2
( )( ) a x x x x
. Ta c th vi t nh sau :
2
1
dx
ax bx c + +
=
1 2
1
( )( )
dx
a x x x x
=
1 2
1 2 2 1
( ) ( ) 1
( )( )
x x x x dx
a x x x x x x
1
1

]
=
2 1 1 2
1 1 1
( )
dx
a x x x x x x
1
1

]
=
2
2 1 1
1
ln
( )
x x
C
a x x x x
+

+ M u s c nghi m kp :
2 2
( ) ax bx c a x m + +
2 2 2
1 1 1 1
( ) ( )
dx dx
dx C
ax bx c a x m a x m a x m
+
+ +

+ M u s khng c nghi m (v nghi m):
2 2
( ) ax bx c a x m n + + + t . t u =
2
( ) x m + . Ta c :
*
2 2
. ax bx c a u n + + +
2
1
dx
au n +
. t
n
u tgt
a
*
2 2
. ax bx c a u n + +

2
1
dx
au n
. Nguyn hm l :
2
2
1 1 1 1 1
ln
2
n
u
a
dx C
n
au n a a n n
u
u
a
a a
+

3. H nguyn hm c a cc hm v t :
3.1. Hm s c d ng :
2 2
1
( ) f x
x k
+
;
2 2
1
( ) f x
x k
* Cch 1 : t
2 2
x k +
= -x + t
t = x +
2 2
x k +
dt =
2 2
(1 )
x
dx
x k
+
+
=
2 2
2 2
x k x
dx
x k
+ +
+
=
2 2
t
dx
x k +
2 2
dx dt
t
x k

+
. Do :
2 2
2 2
ln | | ln | |
dx dt
t C x x k C
t
x k
+ + + +
+

*Cch 2: Bi n i :
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1
( )
x x k
x k x k x x k
+ +
+ + + +
( Nhn t v m u v i
2 2
x x k + +
)
Ta c :
2 2
2 2
1
( )
( )
x
x k
f x
x x k
+
+
+ +
( Chia t v m u cho
2 2
x k +
)
t
2 2
t x x k + +
. Suy ra :
2 2
(1 )
dt x
dx
t
x k
+
+

( ) f x dx
dt
t

V y nguyn hm l :
2 2
( ) ln | | ln | | f x dx t C x x k C + + + +
T ng t :
2 2
1
dx
x k
2 2
ln | | x x k C + + .
3.2. Hm s d ng :
2 2
1
( ) f x
k x
v
2 2
1
( ) f u
k u
t sin x k t v i
[ ; ]
2 2
x

(ho c cos x k t v i
[0; ] x
)
cos dx k tdt

2 2 2 2
1 cos .
(1 sin )
k t dt
dx
k x k t

=
2
cos . cos .
| cos |
cos )
k t dt t dt
t
k t

V
[ ; ]
2 2
t

nn cost > 0

cos . cos
| cos | cos
t dt t
dt dt t C
t t
+

T ng t :
2 2
1
du
k u
= t C +
3.3. Hm s d ng :
2 2
( ) f x x k ;
2 2
( ) f u u k
Nguyn hm l :
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
ln | |
2 2
x k
x k dx x k x x k C + + +
Cch khc: t
sin
k
x
t
ho c
cos
k
x
t
v i
[0; ]
2
t

3.4. Hm s d ng :
2
( ) f x ax bx c + +
Ta bi n i v m t trong hai d ng sau:

2 2
( ) f x u k ho c
2 2
( ) f x u k + r i p
d ng theo m c 3.
3.5. Hm s d ng :
2 2
( ) f x x k + v
2 2
( ) f u u k +
t
x ktgt
,
u ktgt
v i
[- ; ]
2 2
t

3.6. Hm s d ng :
2 2
1
( ) f x
x m
ho c
2 2
1
( ) f u
u m
Phn tch thnh :

2 2
1
( ) f x
x m
=
1 1
x m x m
+
+
r i p d ng theo cng th c h c.
3.7. Hm s d ng :
2 2
1
( ) f x
x m
+
ho c
2 2
1
( ) f u
u m
+
+ t
x mtgt
,
u mtgt
v i
[- ; ]
2 2
t

2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 | ost |
.
cos os t
( 1)
m c
dx dt dx
t c
x m m tg t

+ +

V
[- ; ]
2 2
t

nn
2 2
| ost | ost
os t 1 sin
c c
dx dt
c t

+ t ti p : sin u t
du = costdt .Do :
2 2
ost 1
1 sin 1
c
dt du
t u

1 1
ln
2 1
u
C
u

+
+
4. Cc tr ng h p t ng qut c n ch :
a. Tr ng h p: f(x) l hm l i v i cosx : t : t = sinx
b. Tr ng h p: f(x) l hm l i v i sinx : t : t = cosx
c. Tr ng h p: f(x) l hm ch n i v i sinx v cosx :
R(sinx, cosx) = R(-sinx, -cosx)
d. Tr ng h p : f(x) l hm l i v i sinx v cosx : t : t = tgx
e.Tr ng h p : f(x) ch ch a sinx ho c cosx : t
2
x
t tg
* Ph ng php chung:
A. D ng f(x) = sin
2n
x.cos
2m
x :
(a)
2 2
1 cos 2
sin ( )
2
n
x
xdx dx

(b)
2 2
1 cos 2
os ( )
2
m
x
c xdx dx
+

(c)
2n 2
sin os
m
xc xdx
. Thay cos
2
x = 1 sin
2
x ho c thay sin
2
x = 1 cos
2
x r i chuy n v d ng
(a) ho c (b).
B. D ng :
2n
2m
sin
( )
os
x a
f x
c b
+
+
. t t = tgx
III. Ph ng trnh l ng gic
1. Ph ng trnh c b n:
* sinx = sina x = a + k2
ho c x = - a + k2
* cosx = cosa x = a + k2
* tgx = tg = + ( a x a k x k )
* cotgx = cotga x = a + k (x k)
2. Ph ng trnh ng c p i v i sinx v cosx:
Cc ph ng trnh l ng gic
* asin
2
x + bsinx.cosx + c.cos
2
x = 0 (1)
* asin
3
x + bsin
2
x.cosx + c.sinx.cos
2
x + dcos
3
x = 0 (2)
* asin
4
x + bsin
3
x.cosx + csin
2
x.cos
2
x + dsinx.cos
3
x + ecos
4
x = 0 (3)
g i l ph ng trnh ng c p b c 2, 3, 4 i v i sinx v cosx.
Do cosx 0 nn chia hai v c a ph ng trnh (1), (2), (3) theo th t cho cos
2
x, cos
3
x,
cos
4
x a ph ng trnh cho v ph ng trnh m i v ta d dng gi i cc ph ng trnh
ny.
3. Ph ng trnh b c nh t i v i sinx v cosx:
* sinx + bcosx + c = 0 (1), a
2
+ b
2
0 ph ng trnh (1) c nghi m a
2
+ b
2
- c
2
0
C ba cch gi i lo i ph ng trnh ny :
- Gi s a 0
(1) sin cos 0
b c
x x
a a
+ + (2)
t :
b
tg
a

(2) sin cos 0
c
x tg x
a
+ + sin( ) cos
c
x
a
+
Ta d dng gi i ph ng trnh ny.
- t :

2
x
tg t
2
2 2
2 1
(1) 0
1 1
t t
a b c
t t
+ +
+ +
Gi i ph ng trnh b c hai i v i t, d dng gi i c ph ng trnh (1).
- Do
2 2
0 a b + , chia hai v c a ph ng trnh cho
2 2
a b +
:

2 2 2 2 2 2
(1) sin cos
a b c
x x
a b a b a b
+
+ + +
t :

2 2
2 2
sin
cos
a
a b
b
a b
+
'

2 2
(1) sin( )
c
x
a b
+
+
(y l ph ng trnh c b n).
Ch : Ta lun c :

2 2
| sin sin | a x b x a b + +
D u "=" x y ra khi v ch khi sin(x + a) = 1.
4. Ph ng trnh i x ng i v i sinx v cosx:
a(sinx + cosx) + bsinxcosx = c (1) (a, b, c l h ng s )
Gi i ph ng trnh (1) b ng cch t :
sinx + cosx = t , | | 2 t
a (1) v ph ng trnh

2
2 ( 2 ) 0 bt at b c + +
Gi i ph ng trnh (2) v i | | 2 t .
5. H ph ng trnh l ng gic:
1) H ph ng trnh l ng gic m t n. Ch ng h n c h ph ng trnh :

sin 1
cos 0
x
x

'
C hai ph ng php gi i :
* Ph ng php th , gi i m t ph ng trnh c a h r i th nghi m tm c vo ph ng
trnh cn l i.
* Ph ng php tm nghi m chung, gi i tm nghi m c a m i ph ng trnh trong h , sau
tm nghi m chung.
2) H ph ng trnh l ng gic hai n. Ch ng h n c h ph ng trnh :
3
sin sin 1
x y
x y

+
'
Ph ng php chung l a n v h ph ng trnh i s hai n, ho c a v ph ng trnh

t ng tch.

Cac Cong Thuc Luong Giac Lop 10 5933

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Cac Cong Thuc Luong Giac Lop 10 5933

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

n t p Ton THPT http://www.thiendangtinhyeu.uni.

a.c > b.c n u c > 0

c.c < b.c n u c < 0

N u nhn cc v t ng ng c a 2 b t ng th c cng chi u ta c m t b t ng

T nh ngha suy ra: v i m i x R ta c:

H qu : N u 2 s u, v c t ng S = u + v v tch P = u.v th chng l nghi m c a

14. Cng th c c ng:

Email: duytrung8x@gmail.com Trang 5/18

+ T ng c a c p s nhn li v h n: V i |q| < 1

CNG TH C TNH O HM & TCH

H nguyn hm c a hm s l : ln|t| + C = ln|

Ta bi n i v m t trong hai d ng sau:

Phn tch thnh :

Ph ng php chung l a n v h ph ng trnh i s hai n, ho c a v ph ng trnh

You might also like